WO2019042430A1 - 电池信息采集器、电池均衡系统、车辆、方法及存储介质 - Google Patents

电池信息采集器、电池均衡系统、车辆、方法及存储介质 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019042430A1
WO2019042430A1 PCT/CN2018/103629 CN2018103629W WO2019042430A1 WO 2019042430 A1 WO2019042430 A1 WO 2019042430A1 CN 2018103629 W CN2018103629 W CN 2018103629W WO 2019042430 A1 WO2019042430 A1 WO 2019042430A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
battery
equalization
module
control module
battery pack
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PCT/CN2018/103629
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
罗红斌
王超
沈晓峰
曾求勇
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比亚迪股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2019042430A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019042430A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
    • H02J7/0014—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
    • H02J7/0019—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries using switched or multiplexed charge circuits
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/12—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to state of charge [SoC]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
    • B60L58/22—Balancing the charge of battery modules
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
    • B60L2240/547—Voltage
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the field of battery pack equalization, and in particular to a battery information collector, a battery equalization system, a vehicle, a method, and a storage medium.
  • battery packs are an important part of it. Since the battery pack is formed by connecting a plurality of single cells in series, the difference between the cells in the battery pack gradually increases with the use of the battery, resulting in poor consistency between the battery cells. Due to the short board effect of the battery, the battery pack capacity cannot be fully utilized, resulting in a decrease in the overall capacity of the battery pack. Therefore, effective balancing management of the battery pack of the electric vehicle is beneficial to improving the consistency of each unit battery in the battery pack, reducing the capacity loss of the battery, prolonging the service life of the battery and the driving range of the electric vehicle. significance.
  • the battery management control module needs to send an equalization execution command indicating the remaining equalization time to the battery information collector in real time.
  • the battery management control module sends the equalization execution command indicating the remaining equalization time multiple times, it is easy to balance the battery due to failure conditions such as communication failure, thereby affecting the battery balancing effect.
  • An object of the present disclosure is to provide a battery information collector, a battery equalization system, a vehicle, a method, and a storage medium for solving the technical problem that the battery cannot be balanced due to a failure condition such as a communication failure in the battery equalization system of the related art.
  • the present disclosure provides a battery information collector, including an acquisition module, an equalization module, and a control module;
  • the collecting module is configured to collect parameter information of the battery group, and send parameter information of the battery group to the control module;
  • the equalization module is configured to perform equalization processing on the single cells in the battery pack;
  • the control module is connected to the collection module and the equalization module, and the control module is configured to receive parameter information of the battery pack, and determine, according to the parameter information of the battery pack, that the battery pack has a single When the battery needs to be balanced, the equalization module is controlled to perform equalization processing on the single battery that needs to be balanced.
  • the battery information collector further includes an interface connected to the battery management controller, the interface is configured to transmit parameter information of the battery group to the battery management controller; and the control module is further configured to receive The battery management controller sends a control command, and controls the equalization module to perform equalization processing on the single cell that needs to be turned on according to the control command; wherein the control command includes a first equalization command At least one of the second equalization command and the fault message command of the battery management controller; wherein the first equalization command is an equalization command for instructing the battery information collector to perform equalization processing, and the second equalization command An equalization instruction for instructing the battery information collector to stop equalization processing.
  • control module is configured to: when the first equalization command sent by the battery management controller is not received and the second equalization command sent by the battery management controller is not received, according to the preset duration
  • the equalization module is controlled to perform equalization processing on the single battery that needs to be balanced.
  • control module is further configured to: when receiving the first equalization command sent by the battery management controller, determine, according to parameter information of the battery group, that a single battery in the battery pack needs to be balanced And controlling the equalization module to perform equalization processing on the single cells that need to be turned on.
  • control module is further configured to: when receiving the fault message of the battery management controller, determine, according to parameter information of the battery pack, that a single battery in the battery pack needs to be turned on, And controlling the equalization module to perform equalization processing on the single battery that needs to be turned on.
  • control module is further configured to: calculate a target equalization duration of the unit that needs to be turned on, and send an equalization command to the equalization module, where the equalization command includes the single battery that needs to be turned on equalization Target equalization time;
  • the equalization processing is performed on the single cells that need to be turned on according to the target equalization duration.
  • the method further includes: a storage module, configured to be connected to the control module, where the control module is further configured to: after calculating the target equalization duration, send the target equalization duration of the single-cell that needs to be balanced to
  • the storage module is configured to enable the storage module to store a target equalization duration of the single battery that needs to be turned on.
  • the storage module is further configured to store at least one of the following information sent by the control module:
  • the battery pack is equalized statistically after the battery is fully charged or when the vehicle is in the OFF position.
  • control module is further configured to prompt to replace the single battery when a statistical number of the highest voltage value or the lowest voltage value of the single battery in the battery pack exceeds a first preset value
  • the control module is further configured to prompt to replace the single battery when the number of statistics that the single battery has the lowest voltage value in the battery pack exceeds a second preset value.
  • control module is further configured to prompt to replace the battery pack when the statistical number of times when the battery pack is fully charged or when the vehicle is in the OFF position is greater than a third preset value.
  • control module is respectively connected to the acquisition module and the equalization module corresponding to the same single cell through two channels.
  • control module includes a control chip, and the control chip is respectively connected to an acquisition module and an equalization module corresponding to the same single cell through two pins, and the two pins are connected to the two channels.
  • the control chip is respectively connected to an acquisition module and an equalization module corresponding to the same single cell through two pins, and the two pins are connected to the two channels.
  • one of the two pins is connected to the equalization module through one of the two channels, and the other of the two pins passes through the two channels.
  • Another channel is connected to the acquisition module.
  • control module is connected to the acquisition module and the equalization module corresponding to the same single cell through a channel, and the acquisition module and the equalization module time-multiplex the channels.
  • control module includes a control chip, and the control chip is connected to an acquisition module and an equalization module corresponding to the same single cell through a pin, and the pin passes through the channel and the equalization module and the The acquisition module is connected.
  • control module is further configured to control the equalization module to perform equalization processing on the single-cell that needs to be turned on, according to the target equalization duration and the equalization duty ratio of the unit cells that need to be turned on.
  • the equalization duty ratio is a ratio of the duration of the equalization module occupying the channel to the total duration occupied by the channel.
  • the equalization module includes an equalization resistor in parallel with the single cell.
  • the present disclosure also provides a battery equalization system applied to a battery pack composed of a plurality of single cells, the battery equalization system including a battery management controller and the battery information collector described above.
  • the present disclosure also provides a vehicle including the battery equalization system described above.
  • the battery information collector in the present disclosure can calculate the unit cells that need to be turned on by the control module included in the battery pack according to the collected parameter information of the battery pack, and then control the equalization module to perform the unit cell that needs to be balanced.
  • the equalization process solves the problem that the battery cannot be balanced due to failure conditions such as communication failure, improves the reliability of the balance, and even eliminates the battery management control module, simplifies the hardware and saves costs.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a battery information collector, according to an exemplary embodiment.
  • FIG. 2 is another block diagram of a battery information collector, according to an exemplary embodiment.
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a battery equalization system, according to an exemplary embodiment.
  • FIG. 4 is another block diagram of a battery equalization system, according to an exemplary embodiment.
  • FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a vehicle, according to an exemplary embodiment.
  • FIG. 6 is a flowchart of a battery equalization method according to an exemplary embodiment.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a battery information collector, according to an exemplary embodiment.
  • the battery information collector 10 includes an acquisition module 12 for collecting parameter information of the battery pack 11, an equalization module 13, and a control module 14, wherein the battery pack 11 is connected in series by a plurality of single cells 111. Connected.
  • the control module 14 is connected to the acquisition module 12 and the equalization module 13 of the same unit cell 111 in a one-to-one correspondence by two channels 120 , 130 .
  • the control module 14 includes a control chip, and the control chip is respectively connected to the acquisition module 12 and the equalization module 13 corresponding to the same single cell 111 through two pins, and the two pins and the two channels 120 One-to-one correspondence, one of the two pins is connected to the equalization module 13 through the channel 130, and the other of the two pins passes through the channel 120 and the The acquisition module 12 is connected.
  • the collecting module 12 is configured to collect parameter information of the single battery 111 in the battery pack 11 , and send the collected parameter information of the battery pack to the control module 14 , the battery pack 11 .
  • the unit cells 111 in the one-to-one correspondence with the acquisition module 12.
  • the parameter information includes information such as a battery voltage and a temperature.
  • the control module 14 controls the channel 120 to be turned on, thereby controlling the collection module 12 to collect parameter information of the battery pack 11.
  • the equalization module 13 is configured to perform equalization processing on the single cells 111 in the battery pack 11 , and the single cells 111 in the battery pack 11 are in one-to-one correspondence with the equalization module 13 .
  • the control module 14 controls the channel 130 between the equalization module 13 and the control module 14 to be turned on, thereby controlling the equalization module 13 to The unit cells 111 that need to be equalized are subjected to equalization processing.
  • the equalization module 13 may be an equalization processing method for discharging the single-cell battery 111 that needs to be balanced.
  • the equalization module 13 may include an equalization resistor connected in parallel with the single-cell battery 111.
  • An equalization resistor is connected in parallel with both ends of the unit cell 111 that needs to be equalized.
  • the equalization module 13 may also adopt an equalization processing method for charging the single-cell battery 111 that needs to be balanced.
  • the unit cell 111 that needs to be balanced is connected to a generator or a battery of the vehicle, and then passes through the The generator or the battery charges the unit cell 111 that needs to be equalized.
  • the control module 14 is connected to the collection module 12 and the equalization module 13 for receiving parameter information of the battery pack 11 and determining the parameter according to the parameter information of the battery pack 11 .
  • the target equalization time of the unit cell 111 that needs to be turned on is calculated; then, the control module 14 controls the corresponding channel 130 to be turned on, and according to the need
  • the target equalization duration of the equalized unit cell 111 is controlled to control the equalization module 13 to perform equalization processing on the unit cell 111 that needs to be turned on.
  • the control module 14 can pass the following. The method determines the single-cell battery 111 that needs to be turned on:
  • the smallest voltage value among the voltage values of the single cells 111 in the battery pack 11 is used as a reference voltage value.
  • the unit cell 111 having a voltage difference greater than or equal to the preset voltage difference threshold is determined as It is described that the balanced unit cell 111 needs to be turned on.
  • the single-cell battery that needs to be turned on can be determined by other parameter information of the battery pack.
  • the battery equalization system adopts an active equalization method to equalize the single-cell battery, that is, When the unit cells that need to be turned on are charged, the maximum voltage value among the voltage values of the individual cells in the battery pack is used as a reference voltage value.
  • the minimum voltage value among the voltage values of the individual cells 111 of the battery pack 11 may be used as the reference voltage value, and the preset voltage difference threshold may be 5 mV (or other value).
  • the control module 14 compares the minimum voltage value Vmin in each of the single cells 111, and determines whether the difference between the voltage value of each of the single cells 111 of the battery pack 11 and Vmin is less than 5 mV. If so, the equalization consistency of the battery pack 11 is good, and no equalization is required; if it is greater than 5 mV, the single cell 111 having a difference of more than 5 mV from Vmin is used as the single cell 111 that needs to be turned on.
  • the control module 14 controls the equalization module 13 to discharge the unit cell 111 that needs to be turned on according to the target equalization duration of the unit cell 111 that needs to be turned on. After the start of the discharge, the discharge duration of the unit cell 111 that needs to be turned on is counted, and when the difference between the discharge duration of the unit cell 111 and the target equalization period is within the threshold range, the discharge is stopped, and the equalization ends. .
  • the battery information collector is mainly responsible for collecting battery voltage, temperature and other information, and transmitting the collected data to the battery management control module, and the battery management control module determines that the balance needs to be turned on and completed according to the received data.
  • the equalization execution command indicating the remaining equalization time is sent to the battery information collector in real time, and the battery information collector performs equalization processing according to the instruction of the battery management control module to turn on or off the equalization.
  • the battery information collector cannot receive the balanced execution command due to a failure condition such as a communication failure, the battery equalization effect is affected.
  • the battery information collector in the present disclosure is capable of calculating the unit cells that need to be turned on and the target equalization time according to the parameter information of the collected battery pack, and then controlling the equalization time according to the needs.
  • the target equalization duration of the body battery controls the equalization module to perform equalization processing on the single battery that needs to be turned on, and does not need to transmit the above information in real time, thereby solving the problem that the battery cannot be balanced due to failure conditions such as communication failure, and improving the balance.
  • the reliability can even save the battery management control module, simplifying the hardware and saving costs.
  • the battery information collector 10 includes a storage module 15 in addition to the acquisition module 12 , the equalization module 13 , and the control module 14 .
  • the storage module 15 is connected to the control module 14.
  • the control module 14 sends the target equalization duration of the unit cells 111 that need to be equalized to the storage module 15 after calculating the target equalization duration of the unit cells 111 that need to be turned on. So that the storage module 15 stores the target equalization duration of the unit cells 15 that need to be turned on.
  • the control module 14 stores the identification information of the unit battery 111 that needs to be turned on and the target equalization time of the unit battery 111.
  • the control module may not need to calculate the target of the unit cell that needs to be turned on in real time according to the parameter information of the collected battery pack, because the storage module stores the target equalization time of the unit that needs to be turned on. Equilibrium duration, as long as the discharge duration of the single cell that needs to be turned on is counted after the start of the equalization process, and the discharge duration of the single cell that needs to be turned on equalizes reaches the target equalization time stored in the storage module After that, the balance is stopped and the number of calculations is reduced.
  • the storage module 15 is further configured to store at least one of the following information sent by the control module 14: parameter information of the single battery 111 collected by the collection module 12; the battery pack The highest voltage value or the lowest voltage value of 11; the number of times the single cell 111 becomes the highest voltage value or the lowest voltage value in each section; the battery pack 11 performs equalization statistics after being fully charged or when the vehicle is in the OFF range frequency.
  • the control module 14 is further configured to evaluate the aging condition of the single battery 111 according to the statistical number: when the storage module 15 stores the number of times that the single battery 111 becomes the highest voltage value exceeds the first preset value, then The control module 14 may determine that the single battery 111 is relatively aging, and then prompts to replace the single battery 111; or the storage module 15 stores the number of times that the single battery 111 becomes the lowest voltage value exceeds the second preset.
  • the value of the single-cell battery 111 is relatively severe, and the battery unit 111 needs to be replaced.
  • the first preset value or the second preset value may be 15 times, 20 times, 30 times, etc., and the disclosure is not specifically limited.
  • control module 14 can determine that the single battery is severely aged and needs to be replaced. Furthermore, the control module 14 can transmit the unit battery information that needs to be replaced to the in-vehicle system of the vehicle, and the in-vehicle system can inform the user of the information through the display screen or voice.
  • the control module 14 may determine that the number of statistics is greater than a third preset value.
  • the battery pack 11 is aged more seriously, and the battery pack can be prompted to be replaced.
  • the control module 14 may determine that the battery pack 11 is relatively aging, and may prompt to replace The battery pack, wherein the statistical number of times the battery pack 11 performs equalization is a statistical number of times that the battery pack 11 is equalized after being fully charged or when the vehicle is in an OFF position.
  • the third preset value may be 30 times, 40 times, 50 times, etc., and the present disclosure is not specifically limited.
  • the battery information collector 10 includes an acquisition module 12 , an equalization module 13 , a control module 14 , and a storage module 15 .
  • the control module 14 of the battery information collector is connected to the acquisition module 12 and the equalization module 13 corresponding to the same single cell 111 through a channel 140.
  • the acquisition module 12 and the equalization module 13 time-multiplex the channel 140.
  • the control module 14 includes a control chip, and the control chip is connected to the acquisition module 12 and the equalization module 13 corresponding to the same single cell 111 through a pin, and the pin passes through the channel 140 and the equalization module 13 Connected to the acquisition module 12.
  • the present disclosure corresponds to a channel 140 of the control module 12 shared by the acquisition module 12 and the equalization module 13 of the same unit cell 111, so that the number of channels of the required control module 14 is reduced, thereby reducing the number of channels required for the control module 14.
  • the control module 14 controls the equalization module 13 to perform equalization processing on the single-cell battery 111 that needs to be turned on according to the target equalization duration and the equalization duty ratio, where the equalization is performed.
  • the duty ratio is the ratio of the duration of the channel 140 occupied by the equalization module 13 to the total duration of the channel 140.
  • the total duration of the channel 140 is occupied by the equalization module 13 to occupy the channel.
  • the duration of 140 and the duration of the acquisition module 12 occupying the channel 140.
  • the control module 14 firstly connects the channel 140 to the acquisition module 12, and further controls the acquisition module 12 to collect parameter information of the battery pack 11; then, the control module 14 is used to When it is determined that the single battery 111 in the battery pack 11 needs to be turned on and equalized according to the parameter information of the single battery 111 in the battery pack 11, the target equalization time and the balance of the unit cells 111 that need to be turned on are obtained. And the channel 140 is connected to the equalization module 13 corresponding to the cell 111 that needs to be turned on. Then, the control module 14 turns on the target equalization time of the balanced cell 111 according to the need. And the equalization duty ratio control, the equalization module 13 performs equalization processing on the single-cell battery 111 that needs to be turned on.
  • control module 14 determines an equalization period and an acquisition period according to the target equalization duration and the equalization duty, and the sum of the equalization period and the acquisition period is equal to the channel 140 being The total length of time occupied; in the collecting period, the channel 140 is connected to the collecting module 12, so that the collecting module 12 collects parameter information of the battery pack 11; in the equalizing period, the channel
  • the equalization module 13 that needs to perform equalization processing is connected to the equalization module 13 to perform equalization processing on the unit cells 111 in the battery pack 11 that need to be equalized.
  • control module in the present disclosure multiplexes one channel with the acquisition module and the equalization module of each unit cell in a time division, the number of channels of the control module is reduced, thereby reducing the hardware cost; and because the battery sampling and equalization are separated The equalization current does not affect the battery voltage, which improves the accuracy of the battery voltage sampling.
  • the battery information collector 10 further includes an interface 16 connected to the battery management controller 50, and the interface 16 is configured to transmit parameter information of the battery pack 11 to the battery management. Controller 50.
  • the control module 14 is further configured to receive a control command sent by the battery management controller 50, and start or stop controlling the equalization module 13 to perform the balancing of the single-cell battery 111 that needs to be turned on according to the control command. Balance processing.
  • the control instruction includes at least one of a first equalization instruction and a second equalization instruction, and a failure message instruction of the battery management controller 50;
  • the first equalization command is an equalization command for instructing the battery information collector 50 to perform equalization processing
  • the second equalization command is an equalization command for instructing the battery information collector 50 to stop performing equalization processing
  • the control module 14 when the control module 14 does not receive the first equalization command sent by the battery management controller 50 and does not receive the second equalization command sent by the battery management controller 50, the control module 14 does not receive the second equalization command sent by the battery management controller 50.
  • the module 14 is configured to determine, according to the parameter information of the battery pack 11, a target equalization duration of the single-cell battery 111 that needs to be turned on in the battery pack 11 and the single-cell battery 111 that needs to be turned on, and open according to the requirement.
  • the target equalization duration control equalization module 13 of the balanced unit cells 111 performs equalization processing on the unit cells 111 that need to be turned on.
  • the preset duration may be 5s, 10s, 20s, etc., and the disclosure is not limited thereto.
  • control module 14 is further configured to: when receiving the first equalization command sent by the battery management controller 50, determine, according to parameter information of the battery pack 11, that the battery pack 11 needs to be balanced.
  • the target equalization duration of the unit cell 111 and the unit cell 111 that needs to be turned on, and the target equalization period of the balanced unit cell 111 is turned on according to the need to control the equalization module 14 to perform the balancing of the unit cells 111 that need to be turned on. Balance processing.
  • control module 14 is further configured to: when receiving the fault message of the battery management controller 50, determine, according to the parameter information of the battery pack 11, the balance that needs to be turned on in the battery pack 11 The target battery equalization period of the body battery 111 and the unit cell 111 that needs to be turned on, and the target equalization time control equalization module of the unit cell 111 that is turned on according to the need to perform equalization processing on the unit cells that need to be turned on.
  • the battery information collector in the present disclosure can determine, according to the collected parameter information of the battery pack, the control module included in the battery pack controller to determine that the equalization command needs to be turned on according to the collected parameter information of the collected battery pack.
  • the equalization command sent by the battery management controller cannot be received, which leads to the problem that battery balancing cannot be performed, and the reliability of the equalization is improved.
  • the present disclosure also provides a vehicle including the battery information collector 10 described above.
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a battery equalization system, according to an exemplary embodiment.
  • the battery equalization system 30 includes: the battery information collector 10 described above and a power supply circuit 31 connected to the battery information collector 10 for supplying power to the battery information collector 10.
  • both ends of the power supply circuit 31 can be respectively connected to the control module 14 of the battery information collector 10 and the battery in the vehicle, and further, the battery can pass through.
  • the power supply circuit 31 supplies power to the control module 14. Since the acquisition module 12 and the equalization module 13 are both connected to the control module 14, when the battery 33 is powered to the control module 14, the battery 33 can also be supplied to the acquisition module 12 and the equalization module 13.
  • FIG. 4 is another block diagram of a battery equalization system, according to an exemplary embodiment.
  • the battery equalization system 40 is applied to a battery pack 11 composed of a plurality of single cells, and the battery equalization system 40 includes: the battery information collector 10 described above and a battery management controller 50, the battery
  • the information collector 10 includes an equalization module 13, a control module 14, an acquisition module 12, and an interface 16 coupled to the battery management controller 50.
  • the interface 16 is configured to transmit parameter information of the battery pack 11 to the battery management controller 50.
  • the collecting module 12 is configured to collect parameter information of the battery pack 11 and send the collected parameter information of the battery pack 11 to the battery management controller 50 and the control module 14.
  • the control module 14 and the battery management controller 50 selectively control the equalization module 13 to perform equalization processing on the unit cells that need to be turned on, wherein the control module 14 or the battery management controller The determining, according to the parameter information of the battery pack 11 collected by the collecting module 12, determining that the balanced single cell needs to be turned on.
  • the battery management controller 50 is connected to the collection module 12 and the equalization module 13 through the interface 16, and is configured to receive parameter information of the battery pack 11 sent by the collection module 12, according to the The parameter information of the battery pack 11 determines the target equalization time of the unit cell in the battery pack 11 that needs to be turned on and the unit cell that needs to be turned on, and the target equalization of the balanced unit cells is turned on according to the need.
  • the duration control unit 13 performs equalization processing on the cells that need to be turned on.
  • the control module 14 is also connected to the collection module 12 and the equalization module 13.
  • the control module 14 is configured to receive the parameter information of the battery pack 11 sent by the collection module 12, and according to the battery pack.
  • the parameter information of the battery unit 11 determines the target equalization time of the unit cells that need to be turned on in the battery pack 11 and the unit cells that need to be turned on, and adjusts the target equalization time of the balanced unit cells according to the requirements.
  • the module 13 equalizes the cells that need to be turned on.
  • control module 14 is further configured to receive a control instruction sent by the battery management controller 50, and start or stop controlling the equalization module 13 to open the need according to the control instruction.
  • the control instruction includes at least one of a first equalization instruction and a second equalization instruction, and a failure message instruction of the battery management controller 50.
  • the first equalization command is an equalization command for instructing the battery information collector 50 to perform equalization processing
  • the second equalization command is an equalization command for instructing the battery information collector 50 to stop performing equalization processing
  • the parameter information of the battery unit 11 determines the target equalization time of the unit cells that need to be turned on in the battery pack 11 and the unit cells that need to be turned on, and adjusts the target equalization time of the balanced unit cells according to the requirements.
  • the module 13 equalizes the cells that need to be turned on.
  • the preset duration may be 5s, 10s, 20s, etc., and the disclosure is not limited thereto.
  • control module 14 When the control module 14 receives the first equalization command sent by the battery management controller 50, determining, according to the parameter information of the battery pack 11, the single cell in the battery pack 11 that needs to be turned on and the The target equalization duration of the balanced single cells needs to be turned on, and the target equalization duration control equalization module 14 that turns on the equalized single cells according to the need to perform equalization processing on the single cells 111 that need to be turned on.
  • the control module 14 determines, according to the parameter information of the battery pack, that the battery pack 11 needs to be turned on.
  • the battery equalization system in the present disclosure can be used by the battery information collector according to the parameter information of the collected battery pack when the battery information collector does not receive the equalization command sent by the battery management controller for a preset period of time.
  • the control module determines that the balanced single cell needs to be turned on and the target equalization duration, and then controls the equalization module to perform equalization processing on the single cell that needs to be turned on, according to the target equalization duration of the required balanced cell.
  • the problem of the equalization command sent by the battery management controller cannot be received due to the failure condition such as the communication failure, thereby causing the problem that the battery balance cannot be performed, and the reliability of the battery equalization system is improved.
  • the present disclosure also provides a vehicle, as shown in FIG. 5, that includes the battery equalization system 40 described above.
  • vehicle as shown in FIG. 5, that includes the battery equalization system 40 described above.
  • the specific manner in which each module performs the operation has been described in detail in the embodiments related to the battery information collector 10 and the battery equalization system 40, and will not be described in detail herein.
  • FIG. 6 is a flowchart of a battery equalization method according to an exemplary embodiment. As shown in FIG. 6 , the battery equalization method is applied to a battery equalization system, where the battery equalization system includes a battery information collector and a battery management controller, and the battery information collector includes an acquisition module, an equalization module, and a control module. The method includes the following steps.
  • Step S51 the collecting module collects parameter information of the battery pack, and sends the collected parameter information of the battery pack to the battery management controller and the control module.
  • Step S52 the control module and the battery management controller selectively control the equalization module to perform equalization processing on the single battery that needs to be turned on, wherein the control module or the battery management controller is configured according to The parameter information of the battery pack collected by the collection module determines that a balanced single cell needs to be turned on.
  • the battery management controller is connected to the collection module and the equalization module, and the battery management controller receives parameter information of the battery pack, and determines the battery according to parameter information of the battery pack.
  • the equalization module is controlled to perform equalization processing on the single battery that needs to be balanced;
  • the control module is connected to the collection module and the equalization module, and the control module receives parameter information of the battery pack, and determines, according to parameter information of the battery pack, that a single battery in the battery pack needs to be turned on. In the case of equalization, the control equalization module performs equalization processing on the single cells that need to be turned on.
  • control module receives the parameter information of the battery pack when the control module does not receive the equalization command sent by the battery management controller, and determines, according to the parameter information of the battery group, When a single battery in the battery pack needs to be turned on, the control equalization module performs equalization processing on the single battery that needs to be turned on.
  • control module when the control module receives an instruction for instructing the battery information collector to perform equalization processing, the control module receives parameter information of the battery pack, and determines, according to parameter information of the battery pack, When a single battery in the battery pack needs to be turned on, the control equalization module performs equalization processing on the single battery that needs to be turned on.
  • control module when the control module receives the fault message of the battery management controller, the control module receives the parameter information of the battery pack, and determines, according to the parameter information of the battery pack, that the battery pack has a single When the body battery needs to be turned on, the control equalization module performs equalization processing on the single cells that need to be turned on.
  • the present disclosure also provides a computer readable storage medium having stored thereon computer program instructions that, when executed by a processor, implement the battery equalization method described above.

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Abstract

一种电池信息采集器（10）包括：采集模块（12），用于采集电池组（11）的参数信息，并向所述控制模块（14）发送所述电池组（11）的参数信息；均衡模块（13）；控制模块（14），连接于所述采集模块（12）和所述均衡模块（13），且所述控制模块（14）用于接收所述电池组（11）的参数信息，在根据所述电池组（11）的参数信息确定所述电池组（11）中有单体电池（111）需要开启均衡时，控制所述均衡模块（13）对所述需要开启均衡的单体电池（111）进行均衡处理。还公开了包括该电池信息采集器的电池均衡系统以及包含上述电池均衡系统的车辆。该电池信息采集器（10）解决了因通信故障等失效情况导致电池无法均衡的问题，提高了均衡的可靠性，甚至可以省去电池管理控制模块，简化了硬件，节约了成本。

Description

电池信息采集器、电池均衡系统、车辆、方法及存储介质
相关申请的交叉引用
本公开要求比亚迪股份有限公司于2017年08月31日提交的、发明名称为“电池信息采集器、电池均衡系统、车辆、方法及存储介质”的、中国专利申请号“201710775022.9”的优先权。
技术领域
本公开涉及电池组均衡领域，具体地，涉及一种电池信息采集器、电池均衡系统、车辆、方法及存储介质。
背景技术
在电动汽车中，电池组是其重要的组成部分。由于电池组是由多个单体电池串联连接而成，随着电池的使用，电池组中各单体间的差异性逐渐扩大，导致电池单体间一致性差。由于电池的短板效应，使电池组容量不能充分发挥，导致电池组的整体容量减少。因此，对电动汽车的电池组进行有效的均衡管理，有利于提高电池组中各单体电池的一致性，减少电池的容量损失，延长电池的使用寿命及电动汽车续驶里程，具有十分重要的意义。
相关技术的均衡系统中，电池管理控制模块在确定需要开启均衡并完成均衡累计时间计算后，需实时发送指示剩余均衡时间的均衡执行命令给电池信息采集器。在电池管理控制模块多次发送指示剩余均衡时间的均衡执行命令过程中，容易因通信故障等失效情况导致电池无法均衡，从而影响电池均衡效果。
发明内容
本公开的目的是提供一种电池信息采集器、电池均衡系统、车辆、方法及存储介质，用于解决相关技术的电池均衡系统中因通信故障等失效情况导致电池无法均衡的技术问题。
为了实现上述目的，本公开提供一种电池信息采集器，包括采集模块、均衡模块和控制模块；
所述采集模块用于采集电池组的参数信息，并向所述控制模块发送所述电池组的参数信息；
所述均衡模块用于对所述电池组中的单体电池进行均衡处理；
所述控制模块连接于所述采集模块和所述均衡模块，且所述控制模块用于接收所述电池组的参数信息，在根据所述电池组的参数信息确定所述电池组中有单体电池需要开启均衡时，控制所述均衡模块对所述需要开启均衡的单体电池进行均衡处理。
可选地，所述电池信息采集器还包括与电池管理控制器连接的接口，所述接口用于传输所述电池组的参数信息至所述电池管理控制器；所述控制模块还用于接收所述电池管理控制器发送的控制指令，并根据所述控制指令开启或停止控制所述均衡模块对所述需要开启均衡的单体电池进行均衡处理；其中，所述控制指令包括第一均衡指令和第二均衡指令的至少其中一个，以及所述电池管理控制器的故障报文指令；其中，第一均衡指令为用于指示所述电池信息采集器进行均衡处理的均衡指令，第二均衡指令为用于指示所述电池信息采集器停止进行均衡处理的均衡指令。
可选地，所述控制模块用于：在预设时长未收到所述电池管理控制器发送的第一均衡指令且未收到所述电池管理控制器发送的第二均衡指令时，根据所述电池组的参数信息确定所述电池组中有单体电池需要开启均衡时，控制所述均衡模块对所述需要开启均衡的单体电池进行均衡处理。
可选地，所述控制模块还用于：在收到所述电池管理控制器发送的第一均衡指令时，根据所述电池组的参数信息确定所述电池组中有单体电池需要开启均衡时，控制所述均衡模块所述对需要开启均衡的单体电池进行均衡处理。
可选地，所述控制模块还用于：在收到所述电池管理控制器的故障报文时，根据所述电池组的参数信息确定所述电池组中有单体电池需要开启均衡时，控制所述均衡模块对所述需要开启均衡的单体电池进行均衡处理。
可选地，所述控制模块还用于：计算需要开启均衡的单体电池的目标均衡时长，并向所述均衡模块发送均衡指令，所述均衡指令包括所述需要开启均衡的单体电池的目标均衡时长；
根据所述目标均衡时长对所述需要开启均衡的单体电池进行均衡处理。
可选地，还包括：存储模块，连接于所述控制模块，所述控制模块还用于在计算得到所述目标均衡时长后，将所述需要开启均衡的单体电池的目标均衡时长发送至所述存储模块，以使所述存储模块存储所述需要开启均衡的单体电池的目标均衡时长。
可选地，所述存储模块还用于存储所述控制模块发送的以下信息中的至少一者：
所述采集模块采集到的所述单体电池的参数信息；
所述电池组的最高电压值或最低电压值；
每节所述单体电池成为最高电压值或最低电压值的统计次数；
所述电池组分别在充满电之后或车辆处于OFF档时进行均衡的统计次数。
可选地，所述控制模块还用于在所述电池组中有单体电池成为最高电压值或最低电压值的统计次数超过第一预设值时，提示更换该单体电池；或者，
所述控制模块还用于在所述电池组中有单体电池成为最低电压值的统计次数超过第二预设值时，提示更换该单体电池。
可选地，所述控制模块还用于在所述电池组在充满电之后或车辆处于OFF档时进行均衡的统计次数大于第三预设值时，提示更换所述电池组。
可选地，所述控制模块通过两个通道分别与对应于同一单体电池的采集模块和均衡模块连接。
可选地，所述控制模块包括控制芯片，所述控制芯片通过两个引脚分别与对应于同一单体电池的采集模块和均衡模块连接，所述两个引脚与所述两个通道一一对应，所述两个引脚中的一个引脚通过所述两个通道中的一个通道与所述均衡模块连接，所述两个引脚中的另一引脚通过所述两个通道中的另一通道与所述采集模块连接。
可选地，所述控制模块通过一个通道与对应于同一单体电池的采集模块和均衡模块连接，该采集模块和该均衡模块分时复用所述通道。
可选地，所述控制模块包括控制芯片，所述控制芯片通过一个引脚与对应于同一单体电池的采集模块和均衡模块连接，所述引脚通过所述通道与所述均衡模块和所述采集模块连接。
可选地，所述控制模块还用于按照所述需要开启均衡的单体电池的目标均衡时长和均衡占空比控制所述均衡模块对所述需要开启均衡的单体电池进行均衡处理，所述均衡占空比为所述均衡模块占用所述通道的时长与所述通道被占用的总时长之比。
可选地，所述均衡模块包括与所述单体电池并联的均衡电阻。
本公开还提供了一种电池均衡系统，所述电池均衡系统应用于多个单体电池组成的电池组，所述电池均衡系统包括电池管理控制器和上述所述的电池信息采集器。
本公开还提供了一种车辆，包括上述的电池均衡系统。
本公开的实施例提供的技术方案可以包括以下有益效果：
本公开中的电池信息采集器能够根据采集到的电池组的参数信息，依靠自身所包括的控制模块计算需要开启均衡的单体电池，然后控制均衡模块对所述需要开启均衡的单体电池进行均衡处理，解决了因通信故障等失效情况导致电池无法均衡的问题，提高了均衡的可靠性，甚至可以省去电池管理控制模块，简化了硬件，节约了成本。
本公开的其他特征和优点将在随后的具体实施方式部分予以详细说明。
附图说明
附图是用来提供对本公开的进一步理解，并且构成说明书的一部分，与下面的具体实施方式一起用于解释本公开，但并不构成对本公开的限制。在附图中：
图1是根据一示例性实施例示出的一种电池信息采集器的框图。
图2是根据一示例性实施例示出的一种电池信息采集器的另一框图。
图3是根据一示例性实施例示出的一种电池均衡系统的框图。
图4是根据一示例性实施例示出的一种电池均衡系统的另一框图。
图5是根据一示例性实施例示出的一种车辆的框图。
图6是根据一示例性实施例示出的一种电池均衡方法的流程图。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图对本公开的具体实施方式进行详细说明。应当理解的是，此处所描述的具体实施方式仅用于说明和解释本公开，并不用于限制本公开。
图1是根据一示例性实施例示出的一种电池信息采集器的框图。如图1所示，所述电池信息采集器10包括用于采集电池组11的参数信息的采集模块12、均衡模块13以及控制模块14，其中，电池组11是由多个单体电池111串联连接而成。
在图1中，所述控制模块14通过两个通道120、130分别一一对应地连接于同一单体电池111的采集模块12和均衡模块13。所述控制模块14包括控制芯片，所述控制芯片通过两个引脚分别与对应于同一单体电池111的采集模块12和均衡模块13连接，所述两个引脚与所述两个通道120、130一一对应，所述两个引脚中的一个引脚通过所述通道130与所述均衡模块13连接，所述两个引脚中的另一引脚通过所述通道120与所述采集模块12连接。
如图1所示，所述采集模块12用于采集电池组11中单体电池111的参数信息，并向所述控制模块14发送采集到的所述电池组的参数信息，所述电池组11中的单体电池111与采集模块12一一对应。其中，所述参数信息包括电池电压、温度等信息。所述控制模块14控制所述通道120导通，进而控制所述述采集模块12采集电池组11的参数信息。
如图1所示，所述均衡模块13用于对所述电池组11中的单体电池111进行均衡处理，所述电池组11中的单体电池111与所述均衡模块13一一对应。当所述电池组11中有需要均衡的单体电池111时，所述控制模块14控制所述均衡模块13与所述控制模块14之间的通道130导通，进而控制所述均衡模块13对所述需要均衡的单体电池111进行均衡处理。
其中，所述均衡模块13可以是采用对所述需要均衡的单体电池111进行放电的均衡 处理方式，比如，所述均衡模块13可以包括与所述单体电池111并联的均衡电阻，在所述需要均衡的单体电池111的两端并联一个均衡电阻。所述均衡模块13也可以是采用对所述需要均衡的单体电池111进行充电的均衡处理方式，比如，将所述需要均衡的单体电池111连接于车辆的发电机或蓄电池，进而通过所述发电机或所述蓄电池对所述需要均衡的单体电池111进行充电。
如图1所示，所述控制模块14连接于所述采集模块12和所述均衡模块13，用于接收所述电池组11的参数信息，在根据所述电池组11的参数信息确定所述电池组11中有单体电池111需要开启均衡时，计算所述需要开启均衡的单体电池111的目标均衡时长；然后，所述控制模块14控制对应的通道130导通，并按照所述需要开启均衡的单体电池111的目标均衡时长控制所述均衡模块13对所述需要开启均衡的单体电池111进行均衡处理。
如图1所示，当所述电池信息采集器10采用被动均衡方式对单体电池进行均衡处理，即对所述需要开启均衡的单体电池111进行放电时，所述控制模块14可以通过以下方式确定所述需要开启均衡的单体电池111：
首先，根据所述采集模块12采集到的所述电池组11中各单体电池111的电压值，将所述电池组11中各单体电池111的电压值中最小的电压值作为参考电压值；
然后，根据所述电池组11中各单体电池111的电压值与所述参考电压值之间的电压差值，将电压差值大于或等于预设电压差阈值的单体电池111确定为所述需要开启均衡的单体电池111。
当然，在其它的实施例中，也可以通过电池组的其它参数信息确定所述需要开启均衡的单体电池，比如，当所述电池均衡系统采用主动均衡方式对单体电池进行均衡处理，即对所述需要开启均衡的单体电池进行充电时，将所述电池组中各单体电池的电压值中最大的电压值作为参考电压值。
举例来讲，可以将所述电池组11的各单体电池111的电压值中最小的电压值作为所述参考电压值，所述预设电压差阈值可以为5mV(或者其它数值)。首先，所述控制模块14经比较得到各单体电池111中最小电压值Vmin，并判定所述电池组11的各单体电池111的电压值与Vmin的差值是否小于5mV。如果是，则所述电池组11的均衡一致性很好，不需要均衡；如果大于5mV，则将与Vmin差值大于5mV的单体电池111作为需要开启均衡的单体电池111。然后，在确定所述需要开启均衡的单体电池111后，可以根据所述需要开启均衡的单体电池111的电压值和Vmin，计算所述需要开启均衡的单体电池111的目标均衡时长，进而，所述控制模块14按照所述需要开启均衡的单体电池111的目标均衡时长控制所述均衡模块13对所述需要开启均衡的单体电池111进行放电。在放电开始后，统计对所述需要开启均衡的单体电池111的放电时长，当该单体电池111的放电时长与所述目 标均衡时长的差值在阈值范围内时，停止放电，均衡结束。
在相关均衡技术实际应用中，电池信息采集器主要负责采集电池电压、温度等信息，并将所采集的数据传送给电池管理控制模块，电池管理控制模块在根据接收的数据确定需要开启均衡并完成均衡累计时间计算后，实时发送指示剩余均衡时间的均衡执行命令给电池信息采集器，电池信息采集器根据电池管理控制模块的指令进行均衡处理，开启或关断均衡。当因通信故障等失效情况导致电池信息采集器不能收到均衡执行命令时，会影响电池均衡效果。
然而，本公开中的电池信息采集器能够根据采集到的电池组的参数信息，依靠自身所包括的控制模块计算需要开启均衡的单体电池以及目标均衡时长，然后按照所述需要开启均衡的单体电池的目标均衡时长控制所述均衡模块对所述需要开启均衡的单体电池进行均衡处理，不需要实时发送上述信息，解决了因通信故障等失效情况导致电池无法均衡的问题，提高了均衡的可靠性，甚至可以省去电池管理控制模块，简化了硬件，节约了成本。
请继续参照图1，所述电池信息采集器10除了包括采集模块12、均衡模块13以及控制模块14外，还包括存储模块15。所述存储模块15连接于所述控制模块14。
为了减少计算次数，所述控制模块14在计算所述需要开启均衡的单体电池111的目标均衡时长后，将所述需要开启均衡的单体电池111的目标均衡时长发送至所述存储模块15，以使所述存储模块15存储所述需要开启均衡的单体电池15的目标均衡时长。可选地，所述控制模块14将所述需要开启均衡的单体电池111的标识信息和该单体电池111的目标均衡时长关联存储。
由于所述存储模块存储了所述需要开启均衡的单体电池的目标均衡时长，所述控制模块可以不需要根据采集到的电池组的参数信息实时计算所述需要开启均衡的单体电池的目标均衡时长，只要在均衡处理开始后，统计对所述需要开启均衡的单体电池的放电时长，在所述需要开启均衡的单体电池的放电时长达到了所述存储模块中存储的目标均衡时长后，停止均衡，减少了计算次数。
可选地，所述存储模块15还用于存储所述控制模块14发送的以下信息中的至少一者：所述采集模块12采集到的所述单体电池111的参数信息；所述电池组11的最高电压值或最低电压值；每节所述单体电池111成为最高电压值或最低电压值的统计次数；所述电池组11分别在充满电之后或车辆处于OFF档时进行均衡的统计次数。
其中，所述控制模块14还用于根据统计次数评估单体电池111的老化情况：当所述存储模块15存储有单体电池111成为最高电压值的统计次数超过第一预设值时，则所述控制模块14可以确定该单体电池111老化比较严重，进而进行提示更换该单体电池111；或 所述存储模块15存储有单体电池111成为最低电压值的统计次数超过第二预设值时，则所述控制模块14可以确定该单体电池111老化比较严重，进而进行提示该单体电池111需要更换。所述第一预设值或者所述第二预设值可以是15次、20次、30次等等，对此，本公开不做具体限定。
举例来讲，当所述存储模块15存储的某一单体电池成为最高电压值的次数超过20次，则所述控制模块14则可以认定该单体电池老化严重，需要更换。进而，所述控制模块14可以将需要更换的单体电池信息发送给车辆的车载系统，车载系统可以将该信息通过显示屏或语音告知用户。
可选地，当所述存储模块15存储有所述电池组11分别在充满电之后或车辆处于OFF档时进行均衡的统计次数大于第三预设值时，则所述控制模块14可以确定所述电池组11老化比较严重，进而可以提示更换所述电池组。具体的，当所述存储模块15存储有所述电池组11进行均衡的统计次数大于第三预设值时，则所述控制模块14可以确定所述电池组11老化比较严重，进而可以提示更换所述电池组，其中，所述电池组11进行均衡的统计次数为所述电池组11分别在充满电之后或车辆处于OFF档时进行均衡的统计次数。所述第三预设值可以是30次、40次、50次等等，对此，本公开不做具体限定。
图2是根据一示例性实施例示出的一种电池信息采集器的另一框图。如图2所示，所述电池信息采集器10包括采集模块12、均衡模块13、控制模块14以及存储模块15。与图1中的电池信息采集器的区别在于，在图2中，电池信息采集器的所述控制模块14通过一个通道140与对应于同一单体电池111的采集模块12和均衡模块13连接，该采集模块12和该均衡模块13分时复用所述通道140。所述控制模块14包括控制芯片，所述控制芯片通过一个引脚与对应于同一单体电池111的采集模块12和均衡模块13连接，所述引脚通过所述通道140与所述均衡模块13和所述采集模块12连接。
本公开对应于同一单体电池111的采集模块12和均衡模块13共用控制模块14的一个通道140，使得所需控制模块14的通道数减少，进而减少了对控制模块14的通道数量要求。
可选地，如图2所示，所述控制模块14根据所述目标均衡时长和均衡占空比控制所述均衡模块13对所述需要开启均衡的单体电池111进行均衡处理，所述均衡占空比为所述均衡模块13占用所述通道140的时长与所述通道140被占用的总时长之比；其中，所述通道140被占用的总时长包括所述均衡模块13占用所述通道140的时长以及所述采集模块12占用所述通道140的时长。
如图2所示，首先，所述控制模块14将通道140连通于所述采集模块12，进而可以控制所述述采集模块12采集电池组11的参数信息；接着，所述控制模块14用于在根据所 述电池组11中单体电池111的参数信息确定所述电池组11中有单体电池111需要开启均衡时，获取所述需要开启均衡的单体电池111的目标均衡时长和均衡占空比，并将所述通道140连通于所述需要开启均衡的单体电池111所对应的均衡模块13；然后，所述控制模块14按照所述需要开启均衡的单体电池111的目标均衡时长和均衡占空比控制该均衡模块13对所述需要开启均衡的单体电池111进行均衡处理。
可选地，所述控制模块14根据所述目标均衡时长和所述均衡占空比确定均衡时间段和采集时间段，所述均衡时间段和所述采集时间段之和等于所述通道140被占用的总时长；在所述采集时间段，所述通道140连通所述采集模块12，以使所述采集模块12采集所述电池组11的参数信息；在所述均衡时间段，所述通道140连通需要进行均衡处理的均衡模块13，以使所述均衡模块13对所述电池组11中需要均衡的单体电池111进行均衡处理。
由于本公开中的控制模块与每一节单体电池的采集模块和均衡模块分时复用一个通道，减少了对控制模块的通道数量要求，进而降低了硬件成本；并且由于电池采样和均衡分开进行，均衡电流不会影响电池电压，从而提高了电池电压采样的精度。
可选地，参见图4所示，所述电池信息采集器10还包括与电池管理控制器50连接的接口16，所述接口16用于传输所述电池组11的参数信息至所述电池管理控制器50。
其中，所述控制模块14还用于接收所述电池管理控制器50发送的控制指令，并根据所述控制指令开启或停止控制所述均衡模块13对所述需要开启均衡的单体电池111进行均衡处理。
其中，所述控制指令包括第一均衡指令和第二均衡指令的至少其中一个，以及所述电池管理控制器50的故障报文指令；
其中，第一均衡指令为用于指示所述电池信息采集器50进行均衡处理的均衡指令，第二均衡指令为用于指示所述电池信息采集器50停止进行均衡处理的均衡指令。
比如，当所述控制模块14在预设时长未收到所述电池管理控制器50发送的第一均衡指令且未收到所述电池管理控制器50发送的第二均衡指令时，所述控制模块14用于根据所述电池组11的参数信息确定所述电池组11中需要开启均衡的单体电池111和所述需要开启均衡的单体电池111的目标均衡时长，并按照所述需要开启均衡的单体电池111的目标均衡时长控制均衡模块13对需要开启均衡的单体电池111进行均衡处理。其中，所述预设时长可以是5s、10s、20s等等，对此，本公开不作具体限定。
可选地，所述控制模块14还用于在收到所述电池管理控制器50发送的第一均衡指令时，根据所述电池组11的参数信息确定所述电池组11中需要开启均衡的单体电池111和所述需要开启均衡的单体电池111的目标均衡时长，并按照所述需要开启均衡的单体电池 111的目标均衡时长控制均衡模块14对需要开启均衡的单体电池111进行均衡处理。
可选地，所述控制模块14还用于：在收到所述电池管理控制器50的故障报文时，根据所述电池组11的参数信息确定所述电池组11中需要开启均衡的单体电池111和所述需要开启均衡的单体电池111的目标均衡时长，并按照所述需要开启均衡的单体电池111的目标均衡时长控制均衡模块对需要开启均衡的单体电池进行均衡处理。
本公开中的电池信息采集器能够在预设时长内未接收到电池管理控制器发送的均衡指令时，能够根据采集到的电池组的参数信息，依靠自身所包括的控制模块确定需要开启均衡的单体电池以及目标均衡时长，然后按照所述需要开启均衡的单体电池的目标均衡时长控制所述均衡模块对所述需要开启均衡的单体电池进行均衡处理，解决了因通信故障等失效情况而无法接收电池管理控制器发送的均衡指令，进而导致无法进行电池均衡的问题，提高了均衡的可靠性。
本公开还提供了一种车辆，包括上述的电池信息采集器10。
关于上述实施例中的车辆，其中电池信息采集器10执行操作的具体方式已经在有关该电池信息采集器10的实施例中进行了详细描述，此处将不做详细阐述说明。
图3是根据一示例性实施例示出的一种电池均衡系统的框图。如图3所示，所述电池均衡系统30包括：上述的电池信息采集器10以及连接于所述电池信息采集器10的供电电路31，用于供电给所述电池信息采集器10。其中，如图1、图2和图3所示，所述供电电路31的两端可以分别连接于所述电池信息采集器10的控制模块14和车辆中的蓄电池，进而，所述蓄电池可以通过所述供电电路31给所述控制模块14供电。由于采集模块12和均衡模块13均连接于控制模块14，所述蓄电池33供电给所述控制模块14时，所述蓄电池33也可以供电给采集模块12和均衡模块13。
关于上述实施例中的电池均衡系统，其中电池信息采集器10执行操作的具体方式已经在有关该电池信息采集器的实施例中进行了详细描述，此处将不做详细阐述说明。
本公开还提供了一种车辆，包括上述的电池均衡系统30。图4是根据一示例性实施例示出的一种电池均衡系统的另一框图。如图4所示，所述电池均衡系统40应用于多个单体电池组成的电池组11，所述电池均衡系统40包括：上述的电池信息采集器10以及电池管理控制器50，所述电池信息采集器10包括均衡模块13、控制模块14、采集模块12和与电池管理控制器50连接的接口16。
其中，所述接口16用于传输所述电池组11的参数信息至所述电池管理控制器50。
所述采集模块12用于采集电池组11的参数信息，并向所述电池管理控制器50和所述控制模块14发送采集的所述电池组11的参数信息。
所述控制模块14和所述电池管理控制器50选择性地控制所述均衡模块13对所述需 要开启均衡的单体电池进行均衡处理，其中，所述控制模块14或所述电池管理控制器50根据所述采集模块12采集的所述电池组11的参数信息确定需要开启均衡的单体电池。
比如，所述电池管理控制器50通过所述接口16连接于所述采集模块12和所述均衡模块13，用于接收所述采集模块12发送的所述电池组11的参数信息，在根据所述电池组11的参数信息确定所述电池组11中需要开启均衡的单体电池和所述需要开启均衡的单体电池的目标均衡时长，并按照所述需要开启均衡的单体电池的目标均衡时长控制所述均衡模块13对需要开启均衡的单体电池进行均衡处理。
所述控制模块14也可以连接于所述采集模块12和所述均衡模块13，所述控制模块14用于接收所述采集模块12发送所述电池组11的参数信息，并根据所述电池组11的参数信息确定所述电池组11中需要开启均衡的单体电池和所述需要开启均衡的单体电池的目标均衡时长，并按照所述需要开启均衡的单体电池的目标均衡时长控制均衡模块13对需要开启均衡的单体电池进行均衡处理。
在本公开的一个实施例中，所述控制模块14还用于接收所述电池管理控制器50发送的控制指令，并根据所述控制指令开启或停止控制所述均衡模块13对所述需要开启均衡的单体电池进行均衡处理；
其中，所述控制指令包括第一均衡指令和第二均衡指令的至少其中一个，以及所述电池管理控制器50的故障报文指令。
其中，第一均衡指令为用于指示所述电池信息采集器50进行均衡处理的均衡指令，第二均衡指令为用于指示所述电池信息采集器50停止进行均衡处理的均衡指令。
当所述控制模块14在预设时长未收到所述电池管理控制器50发送的第一均衡指令且未收到所述电池管理控制器50发送的第二均衡指令时，根据所述电池组11的参数信息确定所述电池组11中需要开启均衡的单体电池和所述需要开启均衡的单体电池的目标均衡时长，并按照所述需要开启均衡的单体电池的目标均衡时长控制均衡模块13对需要开启均衡的单体电池进行均衡处理。其中，所述预设时长可以是5s、10s、20s等等，对此，本公开不作具体限定。
当所述控制模块14在收到所述电池管理控制器50发送的第一均衡指令时，根据所述电池组11的参数信息确定所述电池组11中需要开启均衡的单体电池和所述需要开启均衡的单体电池的目标均衡时长，并按照所述需要开启均衡的单体电池的目标均衡时长控制均衡模块14对需要开启均衡的单体电池111进行均衡处理。
可选地，当所述控制模块14收到所述电池管理控制器50的故障报文时，所述控制模块14根据所述电池组的参数信息确定所述电池组11中需要开启均衡的单体电池和所述需要开启均衡的单体电池的目标均衡时长，并按照所述需要开启均衡的单体电池的目标均衡 时长控制均衡模块对需要开启均衡的单体电池进行均衡处理。
本公开中的电池均衡系统能够在电池信息采集器于预设时长内未接收到电池管理控制器发送的均衡指令时，电池信息采集器能够根据采集到的电池组的参数信息，依靠自身所包括的控制模块确定需要开启均衡的单体电池以及目标均衡时长，然后按照所述需要开启均衡的单体电池的目标均衡时长控制所述均衡模块对所述需要开启均衡的单体电池进行均衡处理，解决了因通信故障等失效情况而无法接收电池管理控制器发送的均衡指令，进而导致无法进行电池均衡的问题，提高了电池均衡系统均衡的可靠性。
本公开还提供了一种车辆，如图5所示，该车辆3包括上述的电池均衡系统40。其中，各个模块执行操作的具体方式已经在有关电池信息采集器10、电池均衡系统40的实施例中进行了详细描述，此处将不做详细阐述说明。
图6是根据一示例性实施例示出的一种电池均衡方法的流程图。如图6所示，所述电池均衡方法应用于电池均衡系统，所述电池均衡系统包括电池信息采集器和电池管理控制器，所述电池信息采集器包括采集模块、均衡模块以及控制模块，该方法包括以下步骤。
步骤S51，所述采集模块采集电池组的参数信息，并向所述电池管理控制器和所述控制模块发送采集的所述电池组的参数信息。
步骤S52，所述控制模块和所述电池管理控制器选择性地控制所述均衡模块对所述需要开启均衡的单体电池进行均衡处理，其中，所述控制模块或所述电池管理控制器根据所述采集模块采集的所述电池组的参数信息确定需要开启均衡的单体电池。
可选地，所述电池管理控制器连接于所述采集模块和所述均衡模块，所述电池管理控制器接收所述电池组的参数信息，在根据所述电池组的参数信息确定所述电池组中有单体电池需要开启均衡时，控制所述均衡模块对需要开启均衡的单体电池进行均衡处理；
所述控制模块连接于所述采集模块和所述均衡模块，所述控制模块接收所述电池组的参数信息，并根据所述电池组的参数信息确定所述电池组中有单体电池需要开启均衡时，控制均衡模块对需要开启均衡的单体电池进行均衡处理。
可选地，所述控制模块在预设时长未收到所述电池管理控制器发送的均衡指令时，所述控制模块接收所述电池组的参数信息，并根据所述电池组的参数信息确定所述电池组中有单体电池需要开启均衡时，控制均衡模块对需要开启均衡的单体电池进行均衡处理。
可选地，所述控制模块收到用于指示所述电池信息采集器进行均衡处理的指令时，所述控制模块接收所述电池组的参数信息，并根据所述电池组的参数信息确定所述电池组中有单体电池需要开启均衡时，控制均衡模块对需要开启均衡的单体电池进行均衡处理。
可选地，所述控制模块收到电池管理控制器的故障报文时，所述控制模块接收所述电池组的参数信息，并根据所述电池组的参数信息确定所述电池组中有单体电池需要开启 均衡时，控制均衡模块对需要开启均衡的单体电池进行均衡处理。
关于上述实施例中的电池均衡方法，其中各个步骤的具体方式已经在有关该电池信息采集器和电池均衡系统的实施例中进行了详细描述，此处将不做详细阐述说明。
本公开还提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，其上存储有计算机程序指令，该程序指令被处理器执行时实现上述的电池均衡方法。
以上结合附图详细描述了本公开的优选实施方式，但是，本公开并不限于上述实施方式中的具体细节，在本公开的技术构思范围内，可以对本公开的技术方案进行多种简单变型，这些简单变型均属于本公开的保护范围。
另外需要说明的是，在上述具体实施方式中所描述的各个具体技术特征，在不矛盾的情况下，可以通过任何合适的方式进行组合。为了避免不必要的重复，本公开对各种可能的组合方式不再另行说明。
此外，本公开的各种不同的实施方式之间也可以进行任意组合，只要其不违背本公开的思想，其同样应当视为本公开所公开的内容。

Claims (18)

  1. 一种电池信息采集器，其特征在于，包括采集模块、均衡模块和控制模块；
    所述采集模块用于采集电池组的参数信息，并向所述控制模块发送所述电池组的参数信息；
    所述均衡模块用于对所述电池组中的单体电池进行均衡处理；
    所述控制模块连接于所述采集模块和所述均衡模块，且所述控制模块用于接收所述电池组的参数信息，在根据所述电池组的参数信息确定所述电池组中有单体电池需要开启均衡时，控制所述均衡模块对所述需要开启均衡的单体电池进行均衡处理。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电池信息采集器，其特征在于，所述电池信息采集器还包括与电池管理控制器连接的接口，所述接口用于传输所述电池组的参数信息至所述电池管理控制器；
    所述控制模块还用于接收所述电池管理控制器发送的控制指令，并根据所述控制指令开启或停止控制所述均衡模块对所述需要开启均衡的单体电池进行均衡处理；
    其中，所述控制指令包括第一均衡指令和第二均衡指令的至少其中一个，以及所述电池管理控制器的故障报文指令；
    其中，第一均衡指令为用于指示所述电池信息采集器进行均衡处理的均衡指令，第二均衡指令为用于指示所述电池信息采集器停止进行均衡处理的均衡指令。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的电池信息采集器，其特征在于，所述控制模块用于：
    在预设时长未收到所述电池管理控制器发送的第一均衡指令且未收到所述电池管理控制器发送的第二均衡指令时，根据所述电池组的参数信息确定所述电池组中有单体电池需要开启均衡时，控制所述均衡模块对所述需要开启均衡的单体电池进行均衡处理。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的电池信息采集器，其特征在于，所述控制模块还用于：
    在收到所述电池管理控制器发送的第一均衡指令时，根据所述电池组的参数信息确定所述电池组中有单体电池需要开启均衡时，控制所述均衡模块所述对需要开启均衡的单体电池进行均衡处理。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的电池信息采集器，其特征在于，所述控制模块还用于：
    在收到所述电池管理控制器的故障报文时，根据所述电池组的参数信息确定所述电 池组中有单体电池需要开启均衡时，控制所述均衡模块对所述需要开启均衡的单体电池进行均衡处理。
  6. 根据权利要求1-5所述的电池信息采集器，其特征在于，所述控制模块还用于：
    计算需要开启均衡的单体电池的目标均衡时长，并向所述均衡模块发送均衡指令，所述均衡指令包括所述需要开启均衡的单体电池的目标均衡时长；
    根据所述目标均衡时长对所述需要开启均衡的单体电池进行均衡处理。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的电池信息采集器，其特征在于，还包括：
    存储模块，连接于所述控制模块，所述控制模块还用于在计算得到所述目标均衡时长后，将所述需要开启均衡的单体电池的目标均衡时长发送至所述存储模块，以使所述存储模块存储所述需要开启均衡的单体电池的目标均衡时长。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的电池信息采集器，其特征在于，所述存储模块还用于存储所述控制模块发送的以下信息中的至少一者：
    所述采集电路采集到的所述单体电池的参数信息；
    所述电池组的最高电压值或最低电压值；
    每节所述单体电池成为最高电压值或最低电压值的统计次数；
    所述电池组在充满电之后或车辆处于OFF档时进行均衡的统计次数。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的电池信息采集器，其特征在于，所述控制模块还用于在所述电池组中有单体电池成为最高电压值的统计次数超过第一预设值时，提示更换该单体电池；或者，
    所述控制模块还用于在所述电池组中有单体电池成为最低电压值的统计次数超过第二预设值时，提示更换该单体电池。
  10. 根据权利要求8所述的电池信息采集器，其特征在于，所述控制模块还用于在所述电池组在充满电之后或车辆处于OFF档时进行均衡的统计次数大于第三预设值时，提示更换所述电池组。
  11. 根据权利要求1-10中任一项所述的电池信息采集器，其特征在于，所述控制模块通过两个通道分别与对应于同一单体电池的采集模块和均衡模块连接。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的电池信息采集器，其特征在于，所述控制模块包括控制芯片，所述控制芯片通过两个引脚分别与对应于同一单体电池的采集模块和均衡模块连接，所述两个引脚与所述两个通道一一对应，所述两个引脚中的一个引脚通过所述两个通道中的一个通道与所述均衡模块连接，所述两个引脚中的另一引脚通过所述两个通道中的另一通道与所述采集模块连接。
  13. 根据权利要求1-10中任一项所述的电池信息采集器，其特征在于，所述控制模块通过一个通道与对应于同一单体电池的采集模块和均衡模块连接，所述采集模块和所述均衡模块分时复用所述通道。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的电池信息采集器，其特征在于，所述控制模块包括控制芯片，所述控制芯片通过一个引脚与对应于同一单体电池的采集模块和均衡模块连接，所述引脚通过所述通道与所述均衡模块和所述采集模块连接。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的电池信息采集器，其特征在于，所述控制模块还用于按照所述需要开启均衡的单体电池的目标均衡时长和均衡占空比控制所述均衡模块对所述需要开启均衡的单体电池进行均衡处理，所述均衡占空比为所述均衡模块占用所述通道的时长与所述通道被占用的总时长之比。
  16. 根据权利要求1-10中任一项所述的电池信息采集器，其特征在于，所述均衡模块包括与所述单体电池并联的均衡电阻。
  17. 一种电池均衡系统，其特征在于，所述电池均衡系统应用于多个单体电池组成的电池组，所述电池均衡系统包括电池管理控制器和权利要求1-16中任一项所述的电池信息采集器。
  18. 一种车辆，其特征在于，包括权利要求17所述的电池均衡系统。
PCT/CN2018/103629 2017-08-31 2018-08-31 电池信息采集器、电池均衡系统、车辆、方法及存储介质 WO2019042430A1 (zh)

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