WO2019042222A1 - 一种双层夹套高温熔盐储罐 - Google Patents

一种双层夹套高温熔盐储罐 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019042222A1
WO2019042222A1 PCT/CN2018/102148 CN2018102148W WO2019042222A1 WO 2019042222 A1 WO2019042222 A1 WO 2019042222A1 CN 2018102148 W CN2018102148 W CN 2018102148W WO 2019042222 A1 WO2019042222 A1 WO 2019042222A1
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Prior art keywords
tank
molten salt
double
salt storage
layer
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PCT/CN2018/102148
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
刘斌
王任
黄泽茂
彭曦锋
李魁
曾宇峰
王彬
宋士雄
刘人滔
陈煜达
王智拓
游思梁
唐瑾
王锐
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中国成达工程有限公司
江苏鑫晨光热技术有限公司
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Priority to EP18851663.7A priority Critical patent/EP3677530A4/en
Publication of WO2019042222A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019042222A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
    • F28D20/0034—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using liquid heat storage material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D88/00—Large containers
    • B65D88/74—Large containers having means for heating, cooling, aerating or other conditioning of contents
    • B65D88/744—Large containers having means for heating, cooling, aerating or other conditioning of contents heating or cooling through the walls or internal parts of the container, e.g. circulation of fluid inside the walls
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D88/00—Large containers
    • B65D88/74—Large containers having means for heating, cooling, aerating or other conditioning of contents
    • B65D88/745—Large containers having means for heating, cooling, aerating or other conditioning of contents blowing or injecting heating, cooling or other conditioning fluid inside the container
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D90/00—Component parts, details or accessories for large containers
    • B65D90/48—Arrangements of indicating or measuring devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D90/00—Component parts, details or accessories for large containers
    • B65D90/02—Wall construction
    • B65D90/028—Wall construction hollow-walled, e.g. double-walled with spacers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D90/00—Component parts, details or accessories for large containers
    • B65D90/48—Arrangements of indicating or measuring devices
    • B65D90/50—Arrangements of indicating or measuring devices of leakage-indicating devices
    • B65D90/501—Arrangements of indicating or measuring devices of leakage-indicating devices comprising hollow spaces within walls
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
    • F28D20/0034—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using liquid heat storage material
    • F28D2020/0047—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using liquid heat storage material using molten salts or liquid metals
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2270/00—Thermal insulation; Thermal decoupling
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of solar thermal devices, and in particular relates to a double-layer jacket high-temperature molten salt storage tank.
  • Solar thermal power generation is an important source of clean energy sources.
  • photothermal power generation using molten salt as a heat storage medium is a universally recognized scheme, which can be used not only as an intermediate heat energy carrier but also in a molten salt storage tank.
  • it is a grid-friendly power source that solves the power application problems commonly faced by new energy sources.
  • High-temperature molten salt storage tanks play a key role in energy storage and power generation. Whether the thermal insulation effect of the molten salt storage tank is excellent, whether the equipment is safe and reliable directly affects the stable operation of the power generation system and the economic benefits of the power station.
  • high-temperature molten salt storage tanks generally adopt the conventional cylindrical stainless steel storage tanks and structural forms of thermal insulation materials, and the main technical problems are as follows: 1.
  • the thermal insulation material is installed on the outer side of the tank, and only the thermal insulation aluminum skin Or iron sheet protection, susceptible to rain, snow, strong wind, inevitably need regular maintenance; 2, the outside of the tank is wrapped with thermal insulation material, the deformation of the tank body, the leakage of the weld can not be effectively observed and found in time;
  • the preheating of the tank body is difficult, the time is long and it is difficult to make the temperature of each part of the tank uniform; 4, the tank top and the tank wall are unevenly heated due to heat, and the temperature difference between the two joints is large and easy to break;
  • the temperature is close to the high temperature molten salt, the temperature is high, and the design and manufacture are difficult.
  • the bottom insulation material is directly installed on the tank foundation, and additional protection is needed to avoid the influence of rainwater; at the same time, the cold air duct needs to pass or bypass.
  • the tank foundation beam, the tank foundation design is difficult, the structure is complex, and the construction cost is high.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a double-layered clip which has a long service life, can effectively prevent direct leakage of molten salt, and can provide a release space for thermal deformation of the can body and facilitate preheating of the can body.
  • a double-layered jacket high-temperature molten salt storage tank comprising a tank body, a tank top and a tank bottom, wherein the tank body is composed of an inner tank and an outer tank, A jacket space is formed between the inner tank and the outer tank, and a tank insulation layer is disposed inside the outer tank in the jacket space, and an air layer is left between the tank insulation layer and the inner tank.
  • the double-layer jacket high-temperature molten salt storage tank of the present invention is characterized in that the inner tank is a stainless steel structure which is resistant to high temperature, corrosion and is subjected to molten salt static pressure, and the outer tank is not in contact with molten salt, and is not affected by molten salt. Static pressure.
  • the double-layer jacket high-temperature molten salt storage tank of the invention adopts a lightweight thermal insulation fiber product for the tank insulation layer disposed inside the outer tank.
  • the top of the inner tank has no tank top, and the inner tank is free to expand outward with an increase in temperature.
  • the double-layered jacket high-temperature molten salt storage tank of the present invention is provided with a molten salt storage tank liquid level, a temperature detector, and a device for monitoring inner tank deformation and weld seam leakage in an air layer of the jacket space. Monitor.
  • the double-layer jacket high-temperature molten salt storage tank of the present invention is provided with an inner tank top plate on the top of the inner tank, and a refractory fiber layer is laid on the inner tank top plate, and the top end of the tank and the upper end of the tank The top of the tank is connected to the top of the inner tank by a boom.
  • the double-layer jacket high-temperature molten salt storage tank of the present invention wherein the bottom of the tank is composed of an inner tank bottom and an outer tank bottom, and a tank bottom insulation layer is arranged between the inner tank bottom and the outer tank bottom.
  • the outer tank bottom is mounted on a reinforced concrete foundation.
  • the cold air pipe of the bottom of the tank is disposed on the outer tank bottom, and the installation position of the cold air duct has a certain distance from the reinforced concrete foundation.
  • the tank body of the invention adopts a double-layer structure and forms a composite heat preservation structure by using the heat insulation layer and the air layer, thereby avoiding the influence of the high temperature on the outer tank, so that the inner tank can be freely thermally expanded without being restricted by the heat insulation layer, the tank top and the tank wall
  • the thermal insulation materials at the bottom of the tank are installed in the outer steel shell, which effectively avoids the influence of the existing thermal insulation material on the performance of the thermal insulation material and prolongs the service life of the thermal insulation material.
  • the invention has the following technical effects:
  • the invention is beneficial to the free expansion of the inner tank, avoids the influence of the thermal expansion of the inner tank on the heat insulation layer, and avoids the stress caused by the thermal insulation material restricting the expansion of the inner tank.
  • the tank body since the tank body has a double-layer structure, the construction workload is large, and the construction of the thermal insulation material and the installation of the tank body need to be cross-worked, and the setting of the air layer leaves sufficient space for installation and construction, It is convenient to construct the thermal insulation material of the outer shell wall, which greatly saves the construction period.
  • the method of constructing the outer tank first and then constructing the inner tank is adopted; because of the protection of the outer tank, the stainless steel inner tank open with the greatest difficulty is avoided.
  • the operation problem has created better construction conditions for the construction of the inner tank.
  • the recent accidents in foreign molten salt storage tanks have made everyone realize that the manufacture of high-temperature molten salt storage tanks, especially welding, should be highly valued. Large tanks must be installed on site for welding. Field welding is susceptible to weather factors and is protected by an outer tank.
  • the inner stainless steel tank can be uninterrupted in any weather and at any time.
  • the double-layered jacket high-temperature molten salt storage tank of the invention has all the heat insulating materials, including the ceiling of the tank top, the inner wall of the tank wall and the thermal insulation material of the bottom of the tank, etc., which are installed in the metal shell of the outer tank,
  • the tank shell can effectively protect these materials from the weather. In theory, it is not necessary to carry out maintenance, and the life of the heat insulating material and the tank body can be truly realized, which satisfies the requirement that the tank can be continuously operated for 30 years without stopping.
  • the double-layered jacket high-temperature molten salt storage tank of the invention is also provided with a cold air duct under the thermal insulation layer of the bottom of the tank, and the cold air duct is installed in the metal shell of the outer tank bottom, and the foundation of the outer tank bottom does not need to consider high temperature.
  • the conventional large tank foundation can be used, which reduces the design difficulty and construction cost of the tank foundation.
  • the liquid level and temperature of the molten salt storage tank are installed in the jacket space of the invention, and the parameters such as liquid level, temperature and strain of the storage tank are monitored in real-time on-line to ensure long-term operation of the storage tank.
  • an online leak warning system can be installed to predict the possible dangers of inner tank deformation, weld seam leakage, etc. through online monitoring methods such as optical fiber and temperature detection.
  • the tank body Before the start of the molten salt storage tank of the present invention, the tank body must be preheated to prevent the molten salt entering the tank from contacting the cold tank body for solidification, and at the same time reducing the thermal shock of the molten salt to the tank body.
  • the most economical way to preheat the tank is to preheat the hot air into the tank.
  • the hot air cannot be evenly distributed, and the uneven heat and cold of the tank is prone to occur. Due to the large size of the tank, the flow rate of the hot air in the entire tank is extremely low, and heat can only be transferred through the heat conduction of the air, and the heat transfer efficiency is low.
  • the invention can realize uniform heating of the tank wall by adopting a simple hot air distributor by using hot air in the jacket annular space; since the jacket space is much smaller than the tank body, the hot air and the tank wall can be realized. Convective heat transfer, high heat transfer efficiency, effectively solve the problem of large tank start preheating.
  • the jacket space between the inner and outer tanks of the present invention can withstand the direct immersion of the high temperature molten salt for a certain period of time through special structural design and selection of suitable refractory insulation materials.
  • the molten salt leaked from the inner tank and the weld crack can be accommodated in the jacket space, avoiding the high-temperature molten salt leaking directly into the environment and causing environmental pollution problems. At the same time, it takes time for the accident treatment and greatly improves the melting. Salt tank safety.
  • FIG 1 and 2 are schematic views of the structure of the present invention.
  • 1 is the tank body
  • 1a is the inner tank
  • 1b is the outer tank
  • 2 is the tank top
  • 3 is the tank bottom
  • 3a is the inner tank bottom
  • 3b is the outer tank bottom
  • 4 is the tank insulation layer
  • 5 is The air layer
  • 6 is the inner tank top plate
  • 7 is the refractory fiber layer
  • 8 is the boom
  • 9 is the tank bottom insulation layer
  • 10 is the reinforced concrete foundation
  • 11 is the cold air duct.
  • a double-layered jacket high-temperature molten salt storage tank comprises a tank body 1, a tank top 2 and a tank bottom 3, and the tank body 1 is composed of an inner tank 1a and an outer tank 1b.
  • An inner tank top plate 6 is disposed at the top of the inner tank 1a, and a refractory fiber layer 7 is laid on the inner tank top plate 6, the end of the tank top 2 is connected to the upper end portion of the tank body 1, and the tank top 2 is passed through the boom 8 is connected to the inner tank top plate 6.
  • the inner tank 1a is a stainless steel structure resistant to high temperature, corrosion resistance and subjected to molten salt static pressure
  • the outer tank 1b is not in contact with molten salt, is not subjected to molten salt static pressure, and does not need high temperature resistance and corrosion, and can be used.
  • An inexpensive ordinary carbon steel is exposed to a normal temperature environment, a jacket space is formed between the inner tank 1a and the outer tank 1b, and a tank insulation layer 4 is disposed inside the outer tank 1b in the jacket space, An air layer 5 is left between the tank insulation layer 4 and the inner tank 1a, and the tank insulation layer 4 disposed inside the outer tank 1b is made of a lightweight insulation fiber product, such as a ceramic fiber product, which has good heat preservation performance through the tank.
  • the installation of the body insulation layer avoids the heat loss of the storage tank and satisfies the process requirements of the heat storage and storage energy.
  • the insulation layer of the tank body is insulated from the high temperature, so that the outer tank does not need to withstand high temperature and does not contact the molten salt, so the outer tank
  • the material may be made of ordinary carbon steel, and the top of the inner tank 1a has no tank top 2, and the inner tank 1a is free to expand outward with an increase in temperature, and a molten salt storage tank is disposed in the air layer 5 of the jacket space. Liquid level, temperature detector and for monitoring deformation of inner tank 1a and weld seam leakage Monitor.
  • the tank bottom 3 is composed of an inner tank bottom 3a and an outer tank bottom 3b, and a tank bottom insulation layer 9 is disposed between the inner tank bottom 3a and the outer tank bottom 3b, and the outer tank bottom 3b is installed on the steel bar
  • the cold air duct 11 of the tank bottom 3 is disposed on the outer tank bottom 3b, and the cold air duct 11 is installed at a certain distance from the reinforced concrete foundation 10.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)

Abstract

一种双层夹套高温熔盐储罐，包括罐体（1）、罐顶（2）以及罐底（3），所述罐体由内罐（1a）和外罐（1b）组成，所述内罐与外罐之间形成夹套空间，在所述夹套空间内的外罐内侧设置有罐体保温层（4），所述罐体保温层与内罐之间留有空气层（5）。

Description

一种双层夹套高温熔盐储罐 技术领域
本发明属于太阳能光热装置技术领域，特别涉及一种双层夹套高温熔盐储罐。
背景技术
太阳能光热发电是清洁能源来源的重要途径，目前利用熔盐作为储热工质的光热发电是世界范围普遍认可的方案，其不仅能作为中间热能载体，同时能存储在熔盐储罐中，以保障在夜晚没有太阳光的情况下，能连续、稳定地输出电能，是一种电网友好型电源，解决了新能源普遍面临的电力应用难题。高温熔盐储罐在储能发电过程中起到了关键作用。熔盐储罐的保温效果是否优良，设备是否安全可靠直接影响到发电系统的稳定运行和电站经济效益。
目前世界上仅有的两个投入商业化运营的太阳能光热塔式发电站。美国的新月沙丘电站高温熔盐储罐2016年10月发生了泄漏，停运几个月；同样的，位于西班牙塞维利亚的全球首座可实现24小时发电的太阳能电站Gemasolar光热电站，也在2017年初因高温熔盐储罐发生事故导致电站停运数月有余。由于维修储罐不仅需要将储罐排空，还需要待其自然冷却后才能开始维修，非常耗费时间。
目前的高温熔盐储罐，普遍采用常规的圆筒形不锈钢制储罐外加保温材料的结构形式，其主要存在以下技术问题：1、保温隔热材料安装在罐体外侧，仅有保温铝皮或铁皮保护，易受雨、雪、大风的影响，不可避免的需要定期维修；2、罐体外部包裹有保温隔热材料，罐体的变形、焊缝的泄漏无法有效观察并及时发现；3、罐体的预热困难，时间长且很难作到罐体各部位温度均匀；4、罐顶和罐壁由于受热不均，两者连接处温差应力大、易破坏；5、罐顶工作温度与高 温熔盐接近，温度高，设计、制造困难；6、罐底保温隔热材料直接安装在罐体基础上，需进行额外的防护避免雨水的影响；同时冷风管需穿过或绕过罐体基础梁，罐体基础设计困难，结构复杂，建设费用高。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于：针对上述存在的问题，提供一种使用寿命长、能有效防止熔盐直接外泄，并能够为罐体受热变形提供释放空间，同时有利于罐体预热的双层夹套高温熔盐储罐。
本发明的技术方案是这样实现的：一种双层夹套高温熔盐储罐，包括罐体、罐顶以及罐底，其特征在于：所述罐体由内罐和外罐组成，所述内罐与外罐之间形成夹套空间，在所述夹套空间内的外罐内侧设置有罐体保温层，所述罐体保温层与内罐之间留有空气层。
本发明所述的双层夹套高温熔盐储罐，其所述内罐为耐高温、耐腐蚀且承受熔盐静压力的不锈钢结构，所述外罐不与熔盐接触，不受熔盐静压力。
本发明所述的双层夹套高温熔盐储罐，其所述外罐内侧设置的罐体保温层采用轻质保温纤维制品。
本发明所述的双层夹套高温熔盐储罐，其所述内罐顶部无罐顶，所述内罐随温度升高自由向外膨胀。
本发明所述的双层夹套高温熔盐储罐，其在所述夹套空间的空气层内设置有熔盐储罐液位、温度检测器以及用于监测内罐变形及焊缝泄漏的监测仪。
本发明所述的双层夹套高温熔盐储罐，其在所述内罐顶部设置有内罐顶板，在所述内罐顶板上铺设有耐火纤维层，所述罐顶端部与罐体上端部连接，所述罐顶通过吊杆与内罐顶板连接。
本发明所述的双层夹套高温熔盐储罐，其所述罐底由内罐底和外罐底组成， 在所述内罐底和外罐底之间设置有罐底保温层，所述外罐底安装在钢筋混凝土基础上。
本发明所述的双层夹套高温熔盐储罐，其所述罐底的冷风管设置在外罐底上，所述冷风管的安装位置与钢筋混凝土基础具有一定距离。
本发明的罐体通过采用双层结构，并利用保温层和空气层形成复合式保温结构，避免了高温对外罐的影响，使内罐可自由热膨胀而不受保温层限制，罐顶、罐壁、罐底的隔热保温材料都安装在外层钢壳内，有效避免了现有保温材料外置而对保温材料性能造成的影响，延长了保温材料的使用寿命。
本发明与现有技术相比，具有以下技术效果：
1、本发明有利于内罐的自由膨胀，避免了内罐热膨胀对保温层的影响，避免了因保温隔热材料限制内罐膨胀而产生的应力。
2、本发明中由于罐体为双层结构，施工工作量较大，且保温隔热材料的施工和罐体安装需要进行交叉作业，空气层的设置为安装施工留出了足够的空间，以方便外层壳壁的保温隔热材料施工，大大节约了施工周期。
3、本发明的双层夹套高温熔盐储罐罐体施工时，采用先施工外罐，然后再施工内罐的方法；由于有外罐的保护，避免了施工难度最大的不锈钢内罐露天作业问题，为内罐的施工创造了较好的施工条件。近期国外熔盐储罐相继发生的事故，使大家认识到，高温熔盐储罐的制造特别是焊接方面应高度重视。大型储罐必需在现场安装焊接，现场焊接易受天气因素的影响，有外层罐体的保护，内层不锈钢罐体可以在任何天气情况、任何时间进行不间断焊接。当光热发电项目建设在天气条件比较恶劣的地区时，采用双层夹套罐，建设周期基本可不受天气影响。
4、本发明的双层夹套高温熔盐储罐所有的隔热保温材料，包括罐顶的吊顶、 罐壁内衬以及罐底的保温隔热材料等都是安装在外罐金属壳体内，外罐壳体可有效的保护这些材料不受天气的影响，理论上不需要进行检修，可以真正实现隔热保温材料和罐体等寿命，满足了储罐连续运行30年不停车的要求。
5、本发明的双层夹套高温熔盐储罐在罐底的隔热保温层下也设置有冷风管，其冷风管安装在外罐底金属壳体内，外罐底的基础不需考虑高温的影响，且不受冷风管布置的影响，采用常规大罐基础即可，降低了储罐基础的设计难度和建设费用。
6、本发明的夹套空间内安装熔盐储罐液位、温度等仪器，分布式实时在线监测储罐的液位、温度、应变等参数，确保储罐长周期运行。同时还可安装在线泄漏预警系统，通过光纤、温度检测等在线监测手段来提前预知可能出现的内罐变形、焊缝泄漏等内罐危险情况。
7、本发明的熔盐储罐在开工运行前，必需进行罐体预热，以避免进入罐内的熔盐接触冷罐体而凝固，同时减少熔盐的高温对罐体的热冲击。罐体预热最经济的方式是向罐内通入热风进行预热，但当罐体尺寸较大时，热风无法均匀分布，极易出现罐体冷热不均问题。由于罐体尺寸大，热风在整个罐内的流速极低，基本上只能通过空气热传导传热，传热效率很低。本发明通过在夹套环形空间内通入热风，只需采用较简单的热风分布器，即可实现对罐壁的均匀加热；由于夹套空间相对罐体小了很多，热风和罐壁可实现对流传热，传热效率较高，有效解决了大型罐体开工预热的难题。
8、本发明的内外罐间的夹套空间，通过特殊的结构设计和选择合适的耐火隔热材料，能够耐受一定时间的高温熔盐的直接浸泡。因内罐泄漏和焊缝开裂漏出的熔盐，可以容纳在夹套空间内，避免了高温熔盐直接泄漏到环境中而造成环境污染问题，同时给事故处理争取了时间，大大的提高了熔盐罐的安全性。
附图说明
图1和图2是本发明的结构示意图。
图中标记：1为罐体，1a为内罐，1b为外罐，2为罐顶，3为罐底，3a为内罐底，3b为外罐底，4为罐体保温层，5为空气层，6为内罐顶板,7为耐火纤维层，8为吊杆，9为罐底保温层，10为钢筋混凝土基础，11为冷风管。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图，对本发明作详细的说明。
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合附图及实施例，对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。
如图1和2所示，一种双层夹套高温熔盐储罐，包括罐体1、罐顶2以及罐底3，所述罐体1由内罐1a和外罐1b组成，在所述内罐1a顶部设置有内罐顶板6，在所述内罐顶板6上铺设有耐火纤维层7，所述罐顶2端部与罐体1上端部连接，所述罐顶2通过吊杆8与内罐顶板6连接。
其中，所述内罐1a为耐高温、耐腐蚀且承受熔盐静压力的不锈钢结构，所述外罐1b不与熔盐接触，不受熔盐静压力，不需耐高温和腐蚀，可采用廉价的普通碳钢，暴露于常温环境中，所述内罐1a与外罐1b之间形成夹套空间，在所述夹套空间内的外罐1b内侧设置有罐体保温层4，所述罐体保温层4与内罐1a之间留有空气层5，所述外罐1b内侧设置的罐体保温层4采用轻质保温纤维制品，如陶瓷纤维制品，具有良好的保温性能，通过罐体保温层的设置，避免了储罐的热损失，满足了储热蓄能的工艺要求，同时罐体保温层隔绝了高温，使外罐不需耐受高温，不接触熔盐，所以外罐材料可以选用普通碳钢，所述内罐1a顶部无罐顶2，所述内罐1a可随温度升高自由向外膨胀，在所述夹套空间的空 气层5内设置有熔盐储罐液位、温度检测器以及用于监测内罐1a变形及焊缝泄漏的监测仪。
其中，所述罐底3由内罐底3a和外罐底3b组成，在所述内罐底3a和外罐底3b之间设置有罐底保温层9，所述外罐底3b安装在钢筋混凝土基础10上，所述罐底3的冷风管11设置在外罐底3b上，所述冷风管11的安装位置与钢筋混凝土基础10具有一定距离。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (8)

  1. 一种双层夹套高温熔盐储罐，包括罐体(1)、罐顶(2)以及罐底(3)，其特征在于：所述罐体(1)由内罐(1a)和外罐(1b)组成，所述内罐(1a)与外罐(1b)之间形成夹套空间，在所述夹套空间内的外罐(1b)内侧设置有罐体保温层(4)，所述罐体保温层(4)与内罐(1a)之间留有空气层(5)。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的双层夹套高温熔盐储罐，其特征在于：所述内罐(1a)为耐高温、耐腐蚀且承受熔盐静压力的不锈钢结构，所述外罐(1b)不与熔盐接触，不受熔盐静压力。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的双层夹套高温熔盐储罐，其特征在于：所述外罐(1b)内侧设置的罐体保温层(4)采用轻质保温纤维制品。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的双层夹套高温熔盐储罐，其特征在于：所述内罐(1a)顶部无罐顶(2)，所述内罐(1a)随温度升高自由向外膨胀。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的双层夹套高温熔盐储罐，其特征在于：在所述夹套空间的空气层(5)内设置有熔盐储罐液位、温度检测器以及用于监测内罐(1a)变形及焊缝泄漏的监测仪。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的双层夹套高温熔盐储罐，其特征在于：在所述内罐(1a)顶部设置有内罐顶板(6)，在所述内罐顶板(6)上铺设有耐火纤维层(7)，所述罐顶(2)端部与罐体(1)上端部连接，所述罐顶(2)通过吊杆(8)与内罐顶板(6)连接。
  7. 根据权利要求1至6中任意一项所述的双层夹套高温熔盐储罐，其特征在于：所述罐底(3)由内罐底(3a)和外罐底(3b)组成，在所述内罐底(3a)和外罐底(3b)之间设置有罐底保温层(9)，所述外罐底(3b)安装在钢筋混凝土基础(10)上。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的双层夹套高温熔盐储罐，其特征在于：所述罐底 (3)的冷风管(11)设置在外罐底(3b)上，所述冷风管(11)的安装位置与钢筋混凝土基础(10)具有一定距离。
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