WO2019042061A1 - 可升降弹性结构及包含该弹性结构的按键及键盘 - Google Patents

可升降弹性结构及包含该弹性结构的按键及键盘 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019042061A1
WO2019042061A1 PCT/CN2018/097780 CN2018097780W WO2019042061A1 WO 2019042061 A1 WO2019042061 A1 WO 2019042061A1 CN 2018097780 W CN2018097780 W CN 2018097780W WO 2019042061 A1 WO2019042061 A1 WO 2019042061A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
rod
bottom plate
frame
bottom frame
elastic structure
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PCT/CN2018/097780
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
孔繁荣
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孔繁荣
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Publication date
Application filed by 孔繁荣 filed Critical 孔繁荣
Publication of WO2019042061A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019042061A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/02—Operating parts, i.e. for operating driving mechanism by a mechanical force external to the switch
    • H01H3/12—Push-buttons
    • H01H3/122—Push-buttons with enlarged actuating area, e.g. of the elongated bar-type; Stabilising means therefor
    • H01H3/125—Push-buttons with enlarged actuating area, e.g. of the elongated bar-type; Stabilising means therefor using a scissor mechanism as stabiliser
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H13/00—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch
    • H01H13/02—Details
    • H01H13/12—Movable parts; Contacts mounted thereon
    • H01H13/20—Driving mechanisms
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H2227/00—Dimensions; Characteristics
    • H01H2227/036—Minimise height

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a computer keyboard structure, in particular to a lifting and lowering elastic structure and a button and a keyboard comprising the same.
  • buttons can produce good keystrokes and rebound feels, which are generally accepted by consumers.
  • One of the objects of the present invention is to provide a liftable elastic structure which can replace the silicone cap of the current keyboard, further reduce the thickness of the keyboard, and can also have a longer service life than the silicone cap.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a button including the above-mentioned liftable elastic structure, which can replace the silicone cap button of the current keyboard, further reduce the thickness of the keyboard, and can also have a longer service life than the silicone cap button.
  • a third object of the present invention is to provide a keyboard including the above-mentioned liftable elastic structure, which can replace the keyboard currently using the silicone cap button, further reduce the thickness of the keyboard, and can also have a longer service life than the silicone cap keyboard. .
  • the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
  • a liftable elastic structure comprising a support member and an elastic member
  • the support member includes a first rod and a second rod at both ends of the first rod; the ends of the two second rods each extend inwardly with a third rod, and the two third rods are located in the same straight line.
  • the support member has a rectangular shape as a whole, the first rod is perpendicular to the second rod, and the two second rods are parallel to each other.
  • the elastic member includes a first rotating shaft and a second rotating shaft which are parallel to each other, and the ends of the two rotating shafts are connected by a spring.
  • the first rotating shaft is circumferentially sleeved with a first sleeve, and the first sleeve is parallel and fixed to the first rod. connection.
  • the second rotating shaft is circumferentially sleeved with a second sleeve.
  • first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft are provided with an inwardly extending blocking portion at the other end connected to the spring.
  • the spring has an elastic rod, and the elastic rod is of a fold line type.
  • a button comprising the elastic structure, further comprising a rectangular bottom plate and a bottom frame, and a lifting frame and a key cap located above the bottom plate, wherein the bottom and the top of the lifting frame are respectively hinged with the bottom plate and the key cap;
  • the lifting frame has an opening through which the above-mentioned elevable elastic structure passes and works;
  • the bottom frame is located on the bottom plate and can slide linearly between a first position and a second position, and the bottom frame and the bottom plate have a locking structure corresponding to the first position and the second position, so that the bottom The frame is fixed in the first position or the second position;
  • the lifting frame is located inside the bottom frame, the second rotating shaft is disposed on the bottom frame, the support member is located inside the bottom frame and is located inside the lifting frame, and the spring is located at an opening of the lifting frame;
  • the third rod is hinged to the bottom surface of the keycap or the top surface of the bottom plate, and the first rod slides on the top surface of the bottom plate or the bottom surface of the key cap;
  • a flexible circuit board is disposed between the bottom plate and the keycap, the circuit board has a touch position, and a bottom surface of the key cap has a corresponding second contact;
  • the key cap When the bottom frame is in the first position, the key cap is kept close to the bottom plate by the elastic member; when the bottom frame is in the second position, the key cap is kept away from the elastic member The bottom plate is again able to approach the bottom plate under the action of an external force.
  • the outer periphery of the first rod is provided with an anti-tripping, the first rod sliding within the anti-tripping, the anti-tripping is fixedly connected with a corresponding bottom plate or a key cap, the first rod and the bottom plate or the key A wear layer is provided between the caps.
  • an L-shaped limiting plate is disposed on the two sides of the bottom plate, and a sliding slot is formed on the bottom plate, and the two sides of the bottom frame are located in the sliding slot.
  • a keyboard comprising a plurality of the buttons, wherein the bottom plate and the bottom frame of the plurality of buttons are respectively connected together to form a total bottom plate and a total bottom frame;
  • One end of the total bottom frame has at least one sliding slot, and the sliding slot includes a connecting straight sliding slot and a diagonal sliding slot, and the angle between the straight sliding slot and the inclined sliding slot is an obtuse angle;
  • the total bottom plate has a groove corresponding to the position of the sliding groove, the groove is parallel with the straight sliding groove, and one end is provided with a curved curved plate which is bent downward; the outer circumference of the groove is provided with an annular traction belt.
  • One end of the traction belt is located on the curved curved plate, and the other end is provided with a driving shaft, and the traction belt can rotate synchronously with the driving shaft; a portion of the traction belt located in the groove is fixedly provided with a connecting rod, and the connecting rod top Providing an axon corresponding to each chute; the axon is slidable in the chute, and when the axon is located at the end of the chute, the total bottom frame is maintained at the first position; when the axon is When the straight chute is located, the total bottom frame is maintained in the second position.
  • connection between the inclined chute and the straight chute is curved.
  • the keyboard further includes a button recognition device for controlling the circuit board to be turned on and off; when the total bottom frame is located at the first position, the button recognition device is closed, and the circuit board is disconnected; When the total bottom frame is in the second position, the button recognition device is turned on and the circuit board is turned on.
  • the utility model has the beneficial effects that the liftable elastic structure of the invention and the button and the keyboard comprising the elastic structure can greatly reduce the carrying thickness of the keyboard and increase the portability without reducing the button comfort and increasing the cost. It is very suitable for installation on electronic products such as ipad and superbook. It can adapt to the trend of thinning and thinning in the future, and solve the problems that have long plagued the R&D personnel in this technology field. It has broad market prospects and huge promotion advantages.
  • the silicone cap is easy to oxidize and oxidize, the present invention adopts a mechanical structure, which greatly prolongs the service life and is easier to replace and repair than the structure of the silicone cap.
  • Fig. 1A is a schematic view showing the structure of a first embodiment of the liftable elastic structure of the present invention.
  • Fig. 1B is a schematic view showing the structure of a second embodiment of the liftable elastic structure of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a button of the present invention.
  • 3A, 3B, and 3C are schematic views showing three mounting positions of a circuit board of a key of the present invention.
  • 4A, 4B, 4C, and 4D are schematic structural views of the first structure, the second structure, the third structure, and the fourth structure of the button of the present invention, respectively.
  • 5A, 5B, and 5C are schematic views showing the operation of the first structure of the button of the present invention.
  • Figure 6A is an exploded perspective view of the keyboard of the present invention.
  • Figure 6B is a schematic view showing the structure of the keyboard of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7A, 7B, and 7C are schematic views showing the operation of the axons and chutes of the keyboard of the present invention.
  • the present invention first provides a liftable elastic structure including a support member and an elastic member.
  • the support member includes a first rod 11 and a second rod 12 at both ends of the first rod 11; the ends of the two second rods 12 each extend inwardly with a third rod 13 , and the two third rods 13 are located in the same straight line.
  • the support member has a rectangular shape as a whole, the first rod 11 is perpendicular to the second rod 12, and the two second rods 12 are parallel to each other.
  • the elastic member includes a first rotating shaft 21 and a second rotating shaft 22 which are parallel to each other, and the ends of the two rotating shafts are connected by a spring 23.
  • the first rotating shaft 21 is sleeved with a first sleeve 211, and the first sleeve 211 is The first rods 11 are connected in parallel and fixedly. As shown in FIG. 1A and FIG. 1B, it is two forms of the elevating elastic structure of the present invention.
  • the third rod 13 of the support member in FIG. 1A forms an opening larger than the width of the spring 23, and the spring 23 passes through the opening.
  • the first sleeve 11 is fixed to the first rod 11 by the first sleeve 211 on the first shaft 21, and the first sleeve 211 is fixed on the outer side of the first rod 11 in FIG. 1B, and the spring 23 is entirely located on the periphery of the support.
  • the first sleeve 11 on the first shaft 21 is fixed to the first rod 11 because the spring 23 is located at the periphery, so that the opening between the third rods 13 can be closed or nearly closed.
  • the first rotating shaft 21 is provided with an inwardly extending blocking portion 212 at the other end connected to the spring 23.
  • the spring 23 of the present invention has an elastic rod 231 which is of a fold line type.
  • the present invention further provides a button comprising the above elastic structure, further comprising a rectangular bottom plate 31 and a bottom frame 32, and a lifting frame 33 and a key cap 34 above the bottom plate 31, the lifting frame
  • the bottom and the top of the 33 are hinged to the bottom plate 31 and the keycap 34, respectively.
  • the crane frame 33 has an opening 331 through which the above-described liftable elastic structure passes and operates.
  • the lifting frame 33 can be an existing scissor frame, including inner and outer brackets nested with each other, and the inner and outer frames each have an opening. After nesting, the inner frame opening and the outer frame opening are combined to form the entire scissors.
  • the shelf opening 331 is provided.
  • the bottom frame 32 is located on the bottom plate 31 and can slide linearly between a first position and a second position.
  • the bottom frame 32 and the bottom plate 31 have a locking structure corresponding to the first position and the second position.
  • the bottom frame 32 is fixed in the first position or the second position.
  • an L-shaped limiting plate 311 is formed on the two sides of the bottom plate 31, and a sliding slot is formed with the bottom plate 311. Both sides of the bottom frame 32 are located in the sliding slot.
  • the lifting frame 33 is located inside the bottom frame 32, the second rotating shaft 22 is disposed on the bottom frame 32, the support member is located inside the bottom frame 32 and is located inside the lifting frame 33, and the spring 23 is located at the lifting frame The opening 331 of 33.
  • the third rod 13 is hinged to the bottom surface of the key cap 34 or the top surface of the bottom plate 31.
  • the first rod 11 slides on the top surface of the bottom plate 31 or the bottom surface of the key cap 34.
  • a flexible circuit board 35 is disposed between the bottom plate 31 and the key cap 34.
  • the end of the circuit board 35 has a contact 351.
  • the bottom surface of the key cap 34 has corresponding contacts (the best is conductive silicone and conductive sponge).
  • the circuit board 35 can adopt three mounting positions: the circuit board 35 is fixed to the bottom frame 32, and is fixed to the upper surface or the lower surface of the bottom frame 32, and The bottom frame 32 slides together on the upper surface of the bottom plate 31.
  • the circuit board 35 can also be fixed to the upper surface of the bottom plate 31, and the bottom frame 32 is slid on the upper surface of the circuit board 35.
  • the support member of the present invention is connected to the keycap 34 and the bottom plate 31 in the following four ways:
  • the first structure as shown in FIG. 4A, the third rod 13 is hinged to the bottom surface of the key cap 34, the first rod 11 slides on the top surface of the bottom plate 31, and the second rotating shaft 22 is fixed to the front end of the bottom frame 32.
  • the bottom frame 32 is pulled from the first position to the second position.
  • the second structure as shown in FIG. 4B, the third rod 13 is hinged to the bottom surface of the key cap 34, the first rod 11 slides on the top surface of the bottom plate 21, and the second rotating shaft 22 is fixed at the rear end of the bottom frame 32.
  • the bottom frame 32 is pushed from the first position to the second position.
  • the third structure as shown in FIG. 4C, the third rod 13 is hinged to the top surface of the bottom plate 31, the first rod 11 slides on the bottom surface of the key cap 34, and the second rotating shaft 22 is fixed to the front end of the bottom frame 32.
  • the bottom frame 32 is pulled from the first position to the second position.
  • the fourth structure as shown in FIG. 4D, the third rod 13 is hinged to the top surface of the bottom plate 31, the first rod 11 slides on the bottom surface of the key cap 34, and the second rotating shaft 22 is fixed at the rear end of the bottom frame 32.
  • the bottom frame 32 is pushed from the first position to the second position.
  • the key cap 34 When the bottom frame 32 is in the first position, the key cap 34 is held close to the bottom plate 31 by the elastic member. When the bottom frame 32 is in the second position, the key cap 34 is held away from the bottom plate 31 by the elastic member, and can be brought close to the bottom plate 31 by an external force.
  • the keys of the present invention include a reset, in-position state, a first action in which the forward traction button is in place, and a second action in which the reverse traction button is reset.
  • the bottom frame 32 in the reset state, the bottom frame 32 is at the first position, and the position is fixed by the locking structure.
  • the elastic structure and the scissor frame 33 are all lying on the bottom plate 31, and the key cap 34 covers the two.
  • the spring 23 in the elastic structure is in a natural state, and the thickness of the entire button is the smallest, which is convenient to carry.
  • the bottom frame 32 is slid to the second position by the driving means, and the first rod 11 is pulled forward or pushed forward by the spring 23, and the support member is wound down the third rod 13 Starting the forward deflection, the support member will lift the keycap 34, and the scissor frame 33 can help stabilize the lifting of the keycap 34.
  • the spring 23 in the above pulls or pushes the first rod 11 forward, mainly depending on the structure of the elastic structure.
  • the bottom frame 32 is moved forward to the second position, in the in-position state, and is fixedly positioned by the locking structure, and the support member generates a certain supporting force to the key cap 34, and the supporting force is formed in the magnitude of the supporting force and the bottom plate 31.
  • the angle is proportional to the spring rate of the spring 23, and preferably the angle of the angle is 45 to 80 degrees.
  • the keystroke can be normally pressed; when the key is pressed, the fingertip touches the button first, and the external pressure exerted on the keycap 34 by the fingertip is smaller than the support force generated by the support member on the keycap 34, and the keycap 34 is not pressed. Then, the fingertip continues to exert force.
  • the external pressure is greater than the supporting force, since the bottom frame 32 has been locked in the second position, the external force will force the support member to reversely deflect, and when the support member is deflected in the reverse direction, the first rod 11 will The spring 23 is stretched or compressed to accumulate elastic potential energy, as shown in Fig.
  • the button is fully pressed, and the contact under the key cap 34 turns on the contact on the circuit board 35; the fingertip is lifted, and the external force is eliminated.
  • the support member is again pulled forward by the elastic potential energy of the spring 23, and the button is raised again to return to the state of FIG. 5B.
  • the stretching of the first rod 11 or the compression spring 23 also depends on the structure of the elastic structure.
  • the bottom frame 32 is unlocked and reversely slid, and the bottom frame 32 pushes or pulls the first rod 11 to reverse movement by the spring 23, and causes the support member to reversely deflect until the entire button returns to the reset state, the second action It can be regarded as the reverse motion of the first action.
  • the spring 23 pulls or pushes the first rod 11, the support member starts to deflect forwardly around the third rod 13, and then raises the key cap 34; when the key is pressed, the support member The first rod 11 stretches or compresses the spring 23 and accumulates its elastic potential energy; in the second action, when the bottom frame 32 slides in the reverse direction, the first rod 11 of the support member is pushed or pulled by the spring 23 to rotate in the reverse direction.
  • the first and second structures of the present invention differ from the third and fourth structures mainly in that:
  • the first rod 11 when used as the sliding shaft, it is slidably coupled to the bottom plate 31. Therefore, when the support member rotates, the first rod 11 is always in the original horizontal plane, and the first rod 11 and the spring 23 are both Is at the same level;
  • the first rod 11 when used as the sliding shaft, it is slidably coupled to the key cap 34, so that when the support member rotates around the third rod 13, the spring 23 is tilted up with the rotation of the support member. The entire spring 23 is inclined after being lifted;
  • the spring 23 is horizontal, and therefore, the second shaft 22 can be directly fixed to the bottom frame 32.
  • the second rotating shaft 22 preferably has a second sleeve 221 disposed on the outer circumference (see FIGS. 1A and 1B).
  • the second sleeve 221 is fixed to the bottom frame 32, so that the second rotating shaft 22 can be freely rotated in the second sleeve 221 to prevent the spring 23 from being subjected to a large torque after the spring 23 is lifted.
  • the second rotating shaft 22 is provided at the other end connected to the spring 23 with an inwardly extending blocking portion 222 (see Figs. 1A, 1B).
  • an anti-trip 36 is provided on the outer circumference thereof, and the first rod 11 slides in the anti-trip 36, and the anti-trip 36 is fixed to the corresponding bottom plate 31 or the key cap 34. connection. Since the sliding shaft and the sliding surface are both metallic, the wear layer 37 of the plastic matrix can be added to prevent the two from being worn during sliding, so the wear layer 37 is generally an ultra-thin plastic sheet attached to the sliding surface, in particular When the bottom plate 31 is a sliding surface, it is also possible to directly insert a portion of the flexible circuit board 35 between the sliding shaft and the sliding surface to serve as the wear-resistant layer 37 because the flexible circuit board 35 is also a plastic substrate.
  • the present invention further provides a keyboard comprising a plurality of the above-mentioned buttons to form an existing keyboard layout.
  • the bottom plate and the bottom frame of the plurality of buttons are respectively integrally connected to form a total bottom plate 41 and a total bottom frame 42.
  • the dotted arrow is the first direction
  • the solid arrow is the second direction.
  • the sliding slot 43 includes a connecting straight sliding slot 431 and a diagonal sliding slot 432 .
  • the angle between the straight sliding slot 431 and the inclined sliding slot 432 is an obtuse angle.
  • the connection between the inclined slot 432 and the straight sliding slot 431 is curved.
  • the total bottom plate 41 has a groove 44 corresponding to the position of the sliding groove 43, the groove 44 is parallel with the straight sliding groove 431, and one end is provided with a curved curved plate 441 which is bent downward.
  • An annular traction belt 45 is disposed on the outer circumference of the groove 44.
  • One end of the traction belt 45 is located on the curved curved plate 441, and the other end is provided with a driving shaft 46 (for example, a rotating shaft of a notebook), and the traction belt 45 can The drive shaft 46 rotates in synchronization.
  • a portion of the traction belt 45 located in the recess 44 is fixedly provided with a connecting rod 47.
  • the top of the connecting rod 47 is provided with an axon 471 corresponding to each sliding slot 43.
  • the clockwise and counterclockwise rotation of the drive shaft 46 can drive the traction belt 45 to slide along the first direction, and drive the link 47 and the axon 471 to move along the first direction, and the curved curved plate 441 can ensure the sliding of the traction belt 45. More smooth.
  • the front and rear movements of the axon 471 in the first direction drive the positive and reverse movements of the total bottom frame 42 in the second direction through the sliding groove 43.
  • the principle is that the groove 44 and the straight sliding groove 431 are parallel to the first direction.
  • the traction belt 45, the connecting rod 47, and the axon 471 are all moved along the first direction, and the inclined sliding groove 432 is at an angle with the first direction. Therefore, when the axon 471 slides in the first direction, the inclined sliding groove 432
  • the edge produces force, divided into two cases:
  • the axon 471 moves toward the drive shaft 46 to generate a thrust on the first side of the chute 432.
  • the first side is the left side of the chute 432, and the thrust can be decomposed.
  • the total bottom frame 42 does not have the first direction even if it is subjected to the first thrust. Displacement, but will slide forward in the second direction under the driving of the second thrust, which is shown as sliding to the left (sliding to the second position);
  • the axon 471 moves toward the curved curved plate 441, and generates a thrust on the second side of the inclined sliding groove 432.
  • the second side is the right side of the inclined sliding groove 432, and the same This thrust can be decomposed into first and second thrusts, the first thrust does not produce an effect, and the second thrust drives the total bottom frame 42 to slide backward in the second direction, which is shown as sliding to the right (sliding to the first position). .
  • the screen in the reset state, the screen is closed, and the drive shaft 46 (ie, the rotating shaft of the notebook computer) is not rotated.
  • the axon 471 is located at the first end of the inclined chute 432, and the total is maintained at this time.
  • the bottom frame 42 is located at the first position;
  • the axon 471 is in the chute 432, and the screen is opened by the drive shaft 46, and the traction belt 45 drives the link to slide in the first direction toward the drive shaft 46, thereby causing axons.
  • the 471 also slides in the same direction in the inclined chute 432, thereby driving the main bottom frame 42 to slide forward in the second direction, and the total bottom frame 42 is slid from the first position to the second position;
  • the axon 471 slides from the inclined chute 432 into the straight chute 431, and the total bottom frame 42 slides forward to the second position because the groove 44, the connecting rod 47, and the axon 471, the straight sliding grooves 431 are parallel and parallel to the first direction, so the sliding of the axons 471 in the straight sliding grooves 431 does not exert force on the sides of the straight sliding grooves 431, so that the sliding of the total bottom frame 42 is not caused. Therefore, in the in-position state, whether the screen is continuously opened or closed, the axon 471 always slides in the straight sliding slot 431, and does not apply force to the straight sliding slot 431, the total bottom frame 42 is always stationary, corresponding to the total bottom. Block 42 is locked and the button can remain in place at all times;
  • the second action can be regarded as the reverse action of the first action.
  • the axon 471 slides back from the straight sliding slot 431 back into the oblique sliding slot 432, and the screen is closed by the driving shaft 46 and the traction belt 45 drives the connecting rod 47.
  • Sliding in the first direction toward the curved curved plate 441 also causes the axon 471 to slide in the same direction in the inclined groove 432, thereby driving the total bottom frame 42 to slide in the second direction;
  • the keyboard of the present invention further includes a key recognition device (not shown) for controlling the on and off of the circuit board.
  • a key recognition device (not shown) for controlling the on and off of the circuit board.
  • the liftable elastic structure of the invention and the button and the keyboard comprising the elastic structure can greatly reduce the carrying thickness of the keyboard and increase the portability without reducing the button comfort and increasing the cost, and are very suitable for mounting to an ipad.
  • On the electronic products such as Superbook it can adapt to the trend of thinning and thinning in the future, and solve the problems that have long plagued the R&D personnel in this technology field, and has broad market prospects and huge promotion advantages.
  • the silicone cap is easy to oxidize and oxidize, the present invention adopts a mechanical structure, which greatly prolongs the service life and is easier to replace and repair than the structure of the silicone cap.

Abstract

一种可升降弹性结构及包含弹性结构的按键及键盘，弹性结构包括支撑件及弹性件；支撑件包括第一杆及第一杆两端的第二杆，两个第二杆末端均向内延伸设有第三杆，两个第三杆位于同一直线；弹性件包括相互平行的第一转轴及第二转轴，二者末端之间通过弹簧连接，第一转轴外周套设有第一轴套，第一轴套与第一杆平行且固定连接。按键还包括矩形的底板及底框，以及位于底板上方的升降架和键帽，升降架的底部与顶部分别与底板及键帽铰接。键盘还包括驱动轴、牵引带，及轴突滑槽结构。本发明可以代替目前键盘的硅胶帽，进一步降低键盘的厚度，另外，还可以拥有比硅胶帽更长的使用寿命。

Description

可升降弹性结构及包含该弹性结构的按键及键盘 技术领域
本发明涉及一种电脑键盘结构，特别是一种可升降弹性结构及包含该弹性结构的按键及键盘。
背景技术
目前主流键盘上普遍安装的是硅胶帽按键，其中内置的硅胶帽作为键盘的弹性结构，当指尖不用力或者轻微用力时，硅胶帽能够支撑住指尖，当指尖施加的压力超过其支撑力的时候才会突然被按下，并在压力消失后回弹，因此该类按键能够产生良好的击键和回弹手感，被消费者普遍接受。
但是由于硅胶帽的厚度过大，约3毫米，直接导致了该类按键乃至键盘的厚度无法降低，不适合目前电子产品比如ipad、超级本电脑等的轻薄化趋势。
因此，目前急需一种新型弹性结构及新型按键，既能够产生硅胶帽按键的手感，又能大大降低自身厚度。
发明内容
本发明的目的之一是提供一种可升降弹性结构，其可以代替目前键盘的硅胶帽，进一步降低键盘的厚度，另外，还可以拥有比硅胶帽更长的使用寿命。
本发明的目的之二是提供一种包含上述可升降弹性结构的按键，其可以代替目前键盘的硅胶帽按键，进一步降低键盘的厚度，另外，还可以拥有比硅胶帽按键更长的使用寿命。
本发明的目的之三是提供一种包含上述可升降弹性结构的键盘，其可以代替目前使用硅胶帽按键的键盘，进一步降低键盘的厚度，另外，还可以拥有比硅胶帽键盘更长的使用寿命。
为实现上述目的，本发明采取以下技术方案：
一种可升降弹性结构，它包括支撑件及弹性件；
该支撑件包括第一杆及该第一杆两端的第二杆；两个第二杆末端均向内延伸设有第三杆，两个第三杆位于同一直线。优选的，该支撑件整体呈矩形，该第一杆与第二杆垂直，两个第二杆相互平行。
该弹性件包括相互平行的第一转轴及第二转轴，二者末端之间通过弹簧连 接，该第一转轴外周套设有第一轴套，该第一轴套与该第一杆平行且固定连接。
进一步的，所述第二转轴外周套设有第二轴套。
进一步的，所述第一转轴及第二转轴在与所述弹簧连接的另一端设有向内延伸的阻挡部。
进一步的，所述弹簧具有弹性杆，该弹性杆呈折线型。
一种按键，它包括所述的弹性结构，还包括矩形的底板及底框，以及位于该底板上方的升降架和键帽，该升降架的底部与顶部分别与该底板及键帽铰接；该升降架具有供上述可升降弹性结构穿过并工作的开口；
该底框位于该底板上，且能在一第一位置和一第二位置之间直线滑动，该底框与该底板之间具有对应该第一位置和第二位置的锁定结构，使该底框在该第一位置或第二位置固定不动；
该升降架位于该底框内部，所述第二转轴设于该底框上，所述支撑件位于该底框内部且位于该升降架内部，所述弹簧位于该升降架的开口处；所述第三杆与该键帽底面或者该底板顶面铰接，所述第一杆在该底板顶面或该键帽底面滑动；
该底板与该键帽之间设有柔性的电路板，该电路板具有触位，该键帽底面具有对应的第二触点；
当该底框位于第一位置时，该键帽在所述弹性件的作用下保持靠近该底板；当该底框位于第二位置时，该键帽在所述弹性件的作用下保持远离该底板，并且在外力的作用下能再次靠近该底板。
进一步的，所述第一杆外周设有防脱扣，该第一杆在该防脱扣内滑动，该防脱扣与对应的底板或键帽固定连接，该第一杆与该底板或键帽之间设有耐磨层。
进一步的，所述底板两侧向上延伸设有L型的限位板，与该底板形成滑槽，所述底框两侧位于该滑槽内。
一种键盘，它包括多个所述的按键，多个按键的底板及底框均分别相接为一体，形成总底板和总底框；
该总底框一端具有至少一个滑槽，该滑槽包括相连的直滑槽和斜滑槽，该直滑槽与斜滑槽之间的夹角为钝角；
该总底板对应该滑槽的位置具有一道凹槽，该凹槽与该直滑槽平行，一端设有向下弯折的弧形弯板；该凹槽外周套设有环状的牵引带，该牵引带一端位于该弧形弯板，另一端内侧设有驱动轴，该牵引带能随该驱动轴同步转动；该牵引带位于该凹槽内的部分固定设有连杆，该连杆顶部设有与各滑槽对应的轴突；该轴突能在该滑槽内滑动，当该轴突位于该斜滑槽末端时，保持该总底框位于所述第一位置；当该轴突位于该直滑槽中时，保持该总底框位于所述第二位置。
进一步的，所述斜滑槽与直滑槽的连接处为弧形。
进一步的，所述的键盘，还包括用于控制所述电路板通断的按键识别装置；当所述总底框位于所述第一位置时，该按键识别装置关闭，该电路板断开；当所述总底框位于所述第二位置时，该按键识别装置打开，该电路板接通。
本发明的有益效果是：本发明的可升降弹性结构及包含该弹性结构的按键及键盘，在不降低按键舒适度，不增加成本的情况下，可以大大降低键盘的携带厚度，增加了便携性，非常适合安装到类似ipad、超级本等的电子产品上，可以适应未来轻薄化的趋势，解决了长期以来困扰本技术领域研发人员的难题，具有广阔的市场前景和巨大的推广优势。另外，由于硅胶帽容易老损氧化，而本发明采用机械结构，大大延长了使用寿命，并且比硅胶帽的结构容易更换维修。
附图说明
图1A是本发明可升降弹性结构的实施例1的结构示意图。
图1B是本发明可升降弹性结构的实施例2的结构示意图。
图2是本发明按键的结构示意图。
图3A、图3B、图3C是本发明按键的电路板的三种安装位置示意图。
图4A、图4B、图4C、图4D分别是本发明按键的第一结构、第二结构、第三结构、第四结构的结构示意图。
图5A、图5B、图5C是本发明按键的第一结构的工作过程示意图。
图6A是本发明键盘的分解示意图。
图6B是本发明键盘的结构示意图。
图7A、图7B、图7C是本发明键盘的轴突和滑槽的工作过程示意图。
具体实施方式
下面参照附图对本发明的具体实施方式进行详细说明。
如图1A、图1B所示，本发明首先提供一种可升降弹性结构，它包括支撑件及弹性件。
该支撑件包括第一杆11及该第一杆11两端的第二杆12；两个第二杆12末端均向内延伸设有第三杆13，两个第三杆13位于同一直线。优选的，该支撑件整体呈矩形，该第一杆11与第二杆12垂直，两个第二杆12相互平行。该弹性件包括相互平行的第一转轴21及第二转轴22，二者末端之间通过弹簧23连接，该第一转轴21外周套设有第一轴套211，该第一轴套211与该第一杆11平行且固定连接。如图1A、图1B所示，其为本发明可升降弹性结构的两种形式，图1A中支撑件的第三杆13之间形成大于弹簧23宽度的敞口，弹簧23穿过这个敞口，然后通过第一转轴21上的第一轴套211与该第一杆11固接，而图1B中该第一轴套211固定在该第一杆11的外侧，弹簧23整体位于支撑件外围，通过第一转轴21上的第一轴套211与该第一杆11固接，因为弹簧23位于外围，所以此时第三杆13之间的敞口可以闭合或接近闭合。
优选的，为了防止第一转轴21从第一轴套211内脱落，该第一转轴21在与该弹簧23连接的另一端设有向内延伸的阻挡部212。
具体来说，本发明的弹簧23具有弹性杆231，该弹性杆231呈折线型。
如图2所示，本发明另外提供一种按键，它包括上述的弹性结构，还包括矩形的底板31及底框32，以及位于该底板31上方的升降架33和键帽34，该升降架33的底部与顶部分别与该底板31及键帽34铰接。该升降架33具有供上述可升降弹性结构穿过并工作的开口331。例如，该升降架33可以为现有的剪刀架，包括相互嵌套的内、外支架，内、外架各自具有一个开口，嵌套后，内架开口和外架开口合在一起形成整个剪刀架开口331。
该底框32位于该底板31上，且能在一第一位置和一第二位置之间直线滑动，该底框32与该底板31之间具有对应该第一位置和第二位置的锁定结构，使该底框32在该第一位置或第二位置固定不动。为了限制该底框32的运动方向，该底板31两侧向上延伸设有L型的限位板311，与该底板311形成滑槽，该底框32两侧位于该滑槽内。
该升降架33位于底框32内部，所述第二转轴22设于该底框32上，所述 支撑件位于该底框32内部且位于该升降架33内部，所述弹簧23位于该升降架33的开口331处。该第三杆13与该键帽34底面或者该底板31顶面铰接，该第一杆11在该底板31顶面或该键帽34底面滑动。
该底板31与该键帽34之间设有柔性的电路板35，该电路板35末端具有触位351，该键帽34底面具有对应的触片(以导电硅胶、导电海绵为最佳)，当键帽34被按下时该触位与该触片接触并导通。如图3A、图3B、图3C所示，该电路板35可以采用三个安装位置：电路板35与底框32固接，包括与底框32的上表面或下表面固接，并随着底框32一起在底板31上表面滑动；另外，电路板35还可以固接在底板31上表面，底框32位于电路板35上表面滑动。
如图4A、图4B、图4C、图4D所示，本发明的支撑件与键帽34及底板31的连接方式有以下四种：
第一结构：如图4A所示，该第三杆13与该键帽34底面铰接，该第一杆11在该底板31顶面滑动，并且该第二转轴22固定在该底框32前端，被该底框32由该第一位置向第二位置拉动。
第二结构：如图4B所示，该第三杆13与该键帽34底面铰接，该第一杆11在该底板21顶面滑动，并且该第二转轴22固定在该底框32后端，被该底框32由该第一位置向第二位置推动。
第三结构：如图4C所示，该第三杆13与该底板31顶面铰接，该第一杆11在该键帽34底面滑动，并且该第二转轴22固定在该底框32前端，被该底框32由该第一位置向第二位置拉动。
第四结构：如图4D所示，该第三杆13与该底板31顶面铰接，该第一杆11在该键帽34底面滑动，并且该第二转轴22固定在该底框32后端，被该底框32由该第一位置向第二位置推动。
当该底框32位于第一位置时，该键帽34在该弹性件的作用下保持靠近该底板31。当该底框32位于第二位置时，该键帽34在该弹性件的作用下保持远离该底板31，并且在外力的作用下能再次靠近该底板31。
本发明的按键包括复位、就位状态，正向牵引按键就位的第一动作，和逆向牵引按键复位的第二动作。
以下，首先以第一结构、第二结构为例，说明本发明按键的工作过程。
如图5A所示，复位状态下，此时底框32位于第一位置，并通过锁定结构固定位置，弹性结构、剪刀架33都平躺在底板31上，键帽34覆盖在两者之上，弹性结构中的弹簧23处于自然状态，整个按键的厚度最小，便于携带。
如图5B所示，第一动作中，通过驱动手段将底框32向第二位置滑动，并通过弹簧23拉动或推动第一杆11正向前进，支撑件会绕着第三杆13向下开始正向偏转，支撑件会顶起键帽34，剪刀架33能够帮助稳定键帽34的抬升，上文中的弹簧23拉动或是推动第一杆11正向前进，主要取决于弹性结构的结构，如果是内接式(第一结构，第一轴套211位于第一杆11内部)，那就是弹簧23拉动第一杆11，如果是外接式(第二结构，第一轴套211位于第一杆11外部)，那就是弹簧23推动第一杆11。此时底框32向前移动至第二位置，处于就位状态下，并通过锁定结构固定位置，支撑件对键帽34产生一定的支持力，该支持力的大小与支撑件与底板31形成的角度以及弹簧23的弹性系数成正比，优选的，该夹角角度为45至80度。
就位状态下，可以正常击键；击键时，先是指尖接触按键，指尖施加在键帽34上的外压力小于支撑件对键帽34产生的支持力，键帽34不会被按下；再是指尖持续发力，当外压力大于该支持力时，由于底框32已被锁定于第二位置，外力会压迫支撑件逆向偏转，支撑件逆向偏转时，第一杆11会拉伸或压缩弹簧23并使其蓄积弹性势能，如图5C所示，最后按键被完全按下，键帽34下方的触片导通电路板35上的触位；指尖抬起，外力消除，支撑件在弹簧23弹性势能的作用下重新被正向拉动偏转，按键重新升起，，回复到图5B的状态。同理，第一杆11拉伸还是压缩弹簧23也取决于弹性结构的结构。
第二动作中，底框32被解除锁定并逆向滑动，底框32通过弹簧23推动或者拉动第一杆11逆向运动，并造成支撑件逆向偏转，直到整个按键恢复到复位状态下，第二动作可以视为第一动作的逆向运动。
接着，以第三结构和第四结构为例简要说明本发明按键的工作过程。
第一动作中，底框32正向滑动时，弹簧23拉动或推动第一杆11，支撑件绕着第三杆13向上开始正向偏转，然后抬升键帽34；击键时，支撑件的第一杆11拉伸或压缩弹簧23并使其蓄积弹性势能；第二动作中，底框32逆向滑动时，通过弹簧23推动或拉动支撑件的第一杆11逆向转动。
本发明上述的第一、第二结构与第三、第四结构的区别主要在于：
第一、第二结构中，第一杆11作为滑动轴时，是与底板31滑动连接的，所以当支撑件转动后，第一杆11始终处于原来的水平面，第一杆11、弹簧23都是处于同一个水平面上；
第三、第四结构中，第一杆11作为滑动轴时，是与键帽34滑动连接，所以当支撑件绕着第三杆13转动时，弹簧23会随着支撑件的转动翘起，翘起后整个弹簧23是斜着的；
对于第一、第二结构来说，弹簧23为水平状态，因此，第二转轴22可以直接固定在底框32上。而对于该第三、第四结构来说，因为支撑件的正向偏转会造成弹簧23倾斜，所以第二转轴22优选的是在外周套设有第二轴套221(见图1A、图1B)，将该第二轴套221固接在底框32上，这样第二转轴22可以在该第二轴套221内自由转动，避免弹簧23翘起后固接位置承受巨大扭力，同样的，该第二转轴22在与该弹簧23连接的另一端设有向内延伸的阻挡部222(见图1A、图1B)。
为了限制该第一杆11的滑动轨迹，在其外周设有防脱扣36，该第一杆11在该防脱扣36内滑动，该防脱扣36与对应的底板31或键帽34固定连接。因为滑动轴和滑动表面都是金属的，所以可以加入塑料基质的耐磨层37防止两者在滑动中磨损，所以耐磨层37一般是超薄的塑料薄片，附在滑动表面之上，特别的，当底板31是滑动表面时，还可以直接利用柔性电路板35的一部分插入到滑动轴与滑动表面之间来充当耐磨层37，因为柔性电路板35也是塑料基质的。
如图6A、图6B所示，本发明还提供一种键盘，它包括多个上述的按键，形成现有的键盘布局。多个按键的底板及底框均分别相接为一体，形成总底板41和总底框42。图中，虚线箭头是第一方向，实线箭头是第二方向。
该总底框42一端具有至少一个滑槽43，该滑槽43包括相连的直滑槽431和斜滑槽432，该直滑槽431与斜滑槽432之间的夹角为钝角。优选的，该斜滑槽432与直滑槽431的连接处为弧形。
该总底板41对应该滑槽43的位置具有一道凹槽44，该凹槽44与该直滑槽431平行，一端设有向下弯折的弧形弯板441。该凹槽44外周套设有环状的 牵引带45，该牵引带45一端位于该弧形弯板441，另一端内侧设有驱动轴46(例如笔记本的转轴)，该牵引带45能随该驱动轴46同步转动。该牵引带45位于该凹槽44内的部分固定设有连杆47，该连杆47顶部设有与各滑槽43对应的轴突471。驱动轴46的顺时针、逆时针转动能带动牵引带45沿着第一方向滑动，并带动连杆47、轴突471沿着第一方向运动，弧形弯板441能够保证牵引带45的滑动更加顺畅。
轴突471在第一方向上的前、后运动通过滑槽43带动总底框42在第二方向上的正、逆向运动，原理在于，凹槽44、直滑槽431与第一方向平行，牵引带45、连杆47、轴突471都是沿着第一方向运动，斜滑槽432与第一方向呈一定角度，所以轴突471在第一方向上滑动时，会对斜滑槽432的边产生作用力，分两种情况：
第一种情况，轴突471向着驱动轴46方向运动，会对斜滑槽432的第一边产生推力，图中，第一边就是斜滑槽432靠左的那条边，这个推力可以分解为沿着第一方向的第一推力和沿着第二方向的第二推力，由于限位板311的存在，总底框42即使受到第一推力的作用，也不会在第一方向上有位移，但是会在第二推力的驱动下沿着第二方向正向滑动，图中表现为向左滑动(向第二位置滑动)；
第二种情况，轴突471向着弧形弯板441方向运动，会对斜滑槽432的第二边产生推力，在图中，第二边就是斜滑槽432靠右的那条边，同样这个推力可以被分解为第一、第二推力，第一推力不产生效果，第二推力驱动总底框42沿着第二方向逆向滑动，图中表现为向右滑动(向第一位置滑动)。
为了与按键的状态配合，上述键盘也分三种状态、两个动作来介绍：
以笔记本电脑为例，复位状态下，屏幕闭合，驱动轴46(即笔记本电脑的转轴)无转动，如图7A所示，轴突471位于斜滑槽432的第一端，此时保持该总底框42位于该第一位置；
第一动作中，如图7B所示，轴突471在斜滑槽432内，屏幕掀开通过驱动轴46、牵引带45带动连杆在第一方向上向着驱动轴46滑动，并造成轴突471在斜滑槽432内也同向滑动，从而驱动总底框42在第二方向上正向滑动，此时总底框42由第一位置向第二位置滑动；
就位状态下，如图7C所示，轴突471从斜滑槽432滑入直滑槽431内，总底框42正向滑动到第二位置，因为凹槽44、连杆47、轴突471、直滑槽431的平行且都平行于第一方向，所以轴突471在直滑槽431内的滑动不会对直滑槽431的边施力，也就不会造成总底框42滑动，所以就位状态下，无论屏幕是被继续掀开还是闭合，轴突471始终在直滑槽431内滑动，且不对直滑槽431施力，总底框42始终不动，相当于总底框42被锁定，按键也可以始终保持就位状态；
第二动作可以视为第一动作的逆向动作，第二动作中，轴突471从直滑槽431滑回到斜滑槽432内，屏幕闭合通过驱动轴46、牵引带45带动连杆47在第一方向上向着弧形弯板441滑动，也造成轴突471在斜滑槽432内同向滑动，从而驱动总底框42在第二方向上逆向滑动；
第二动作结束后，整个装置恢复到图7A的复位状态，此时保持该总底框42位于该第一位置。
在按键处于复位状态时，键帽34未被抬升，此时键帽34下的触片会导通到触位，所以此时需要按键识别装置，保证当按键处于复位状态时，按键识别装置不启动，触片即使导通了触位，击键动作也不会被识别，因此，本发明的键盘还包括用于控制该电路板通断的按键识别装置(图未示意)。当该总底框42位于该第一位置时，该按键识别装置关闭，该电路板35断开。当该总底框42位于该第二位置时，该按键识别装置打开，该电路板35接通。
本发明的可升降弹性结构及包含该弹性结构的按键及键盘，在不降低按键舒适度，不增加成本的情况下，可以大大降低键盘的携带厚度，增加了便携性，非常适合安装到类似ipad、超级本等的电子产品上，可以适应未来轻薄化的趋势，解决了长期以来困扰本技术领域研发人员的难题，具有广阔的市场前景和巨大的推广优势。另外，由于硅胶帽容易老损氧化，而本发明采用机械结构，大大延长了使用寿命，并且比硅胶帽的结构容易更换维修。
需要说明的是，以上所述仅是本发明较佳的具体实施方式而已，目的是为了使本领域技术人员更好的理解本发明，不应用以限制本发明的范围及应用，凡是在本发明的精神或原则之内，所做的任何修改、等同替换、改进等均应包含在本发明所保护的范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种可升降弹性结构，其特征在于，它包括支撑件及弹性件；
    该支撑件包括第一杆及该第一杆两端的第二杆；两个第二杆末端均向内延伸设有第三杆，两个第三杆位于同一直线；
    该弹性件包括相互平行的第一转轴及第二转轴，二者末端之间通过弹簧连接，该第一转轴外周套设有第一轴套，该第一轴套与该第一杆平行且固定连接。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的可升降弹性结构，其特征在于：所述支撑件整体呈矩形，所述第一杆与第二杆垂直，两个第二杆相互平行；所述第二转轴外周套设有第二轴套。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的可升降弹性结构，其特征在于：所述第一转轴及第二转轴在与所述弹簧连接的另一端设有向内延伸的阻挡部。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的可升降弹性结构，其特征在于：所述弹簧具有弹性杆，该弹性杆呈折线型。
  5. 一种按键，其特征在于，它包括如权利要求1至4中任一项所述的弹性结构，还包括矩形的底板及底框，以及位于该底板上方的升降架和键帽，该升降架的底部与顶部分别与该底板及键帽铰接；该升降架具有供所述可升降弹性结构穿过并工作的开口；
    该底框位于该底板上，且能在一第一位置和一第二位置之间直线滑动，该底框与该底板之间具有对应该第一位置和第二位置的锁定结构，使该底框在该第一位置或第二位置固定不动；
    该升降架位于该底框内部，所述第二转轴设于该底框上，所述支撑件位于该底框内部且位于该升降架内部，所述弹簧位于该升降架的开口处；所述第三杆与该键帽底面或者该底板顶面铰接，所述第一杆在该底板顶面或该键帽底面滑动；
    该底板与该键帽之间设有柔性的电路板，该电路板具有触位，该键帽底面具有对应的触片；
    当该底框位于第一位置时，该键帽在所述弹性件的作用下保持靠近该底板；当该底框位于第二位置时，该键帽在所述弹性件的作用下保持远离该底板， 并且在外力的作用下能再次靠近该底板。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的按键，其特征在于：所述第一杆外周设有防脱扣，该第一杆在该防脱扣内滑动，该防脱扣与对应的底板或键帽固定连接，该第一杆与该底板或键帽之间设有耐磨层。
  7. 根据权利要求5或6所述的按键，其特征在于：所述底板两侧向上延伸设有L型的限位板，与该底板形成滑槽，所述底框两侧位于该滑槽内。
  8. 一种键盘，其特征在于：它包括多个如权利要求5至7中任一项所述的按键，多个按键的底板及底框均分别相接为一体，形成总底板和总底框；
    该总底框一端具有至少一个滑槽，该滑槽包括相连的直滑槽和斜滑槽，该直滑槽与斜滑槽之间的夹角为钝角；
    该总底板对应该滑槽的位置具有一道凹槽，该凹槽与该直滑槽平行，一端设有向下弯折的弧形弯板；该凹槽外周套设有环状的牵引带，该牵引带一端位于该弧形弯板，另一端内侧设有驱动轴，该牵引带能随该驱动轴同步转动；该牵引带位于该凹槽内的部分固定设有连杆，该连杆顶部设有与各滑槽对应的轴突；该轴突能在该滑槽内滑动，当该轴突位于该斜滑槽末端时，保持该总底框位于所述第一位置；当该轴突位于该直滑槽中时，保持该总底框位于所述第二位置。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的键盘，其特征在于：所述斜滑槽与直滑槽的连接处为弧形。
  10. 根据权利要求8或9所述的键盘，其特征在于：还包括用于控制所述电路板通断的按键识别装置；当所述总底框位于所述第一位置时，该按键识别装置关闭，该电路板断开；当所述总底框位于所述第二位置时，该按键识别装置打开，该电路板接通。
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CN106328397A (zh) * 2015-07-03 2017-01-11 孔繁荣 升降弹性体及按键
CN107342175A (zh) * 2017-08-31 2017-11-10 孔繁荣 可升降弹性结构及包含该弹性结构的按键及键盘
CN207116249U (zh) * 2017-08-31 2018-03-16 孔繁荣 可升降弹性结构及包含该弹性结构的按键及键盘

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CN1690907A (zh) * 2004-04-19 2005-11-02 达方电子股份有限公司 键盘及其升降按键构件和弹性构件
CN106328397A (zh) * 2015-07-03 2017-01-11 孔繁荣 升降弹性体及按键
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