WO2019040035A2 - Dispersion de liposomes - Google Patents

Dispersion de liposomes Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019040035A2
WO2019040035A2 PCT/TR2018/050452 TR2018050452W WO2019040035A2 WO 2019040035 A2 WO2019040035 A2 WO 2019040035A2 TR 2018050452 W TR2018050452 W TR 2018050452W WO 2019040035 A2 WO2019040035 A2 WO 2019040035A2
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Prior art keywords
gypsophila
officinalis
plant
saponin
allium
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PCT/TR2018/050452
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English (en)
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WO2019040035A3 (fr
Inventor
Nuri Murat OZAYMAN
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Ozayman Nuri Murat
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Publication of WO2019040035A2 publication Critical patent/WO2019040035A2/fr
Publication of WO2019040035A3 publication Critical patent/WO2019040035A3/fr

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
    • A61K8/02—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K8/14—Liposomes; Vesicles
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
    • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
    • A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
    • A61K8/55—Phosphorus compounds
    • A61K8/553—Phospholipids, e.g. lecithin
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
    • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
    • A61K8/96—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing materials, or derivatives thereof of undetermined constitution
    • A61K8/97—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing materials, or derivatives thereof of undetermined constitution from algae, fungi, lichens or plants; from derivatives thereof
    • A61K8/9783—Angiosperms [Magnoliophyta]
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
    • A61Q19/00—Preparations for care of the skin
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K2800/00—Properties of cosmetic compositions or active ingredients thereof or formulation aids used therein and process related aspects
    • A61K2800/20—Chemical, physico-chemical or functional or structural properties of the composition as a whole
    • A61K2800/21—Emulsions characterized by droplet sizes below 1 micron

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a dispersion of liposomes, compositions including such liposomes, and improved manufacturing methods thereof.
  • Liposomes can be used as a vehicle for the administration of nutrients and pharmaceutical drugs, and thus are prevalent in many consumer products, foods, and drugs.
  • Liposomes are microscobic spheres with thin layers of lipid-like membranes that are mostly made of phospholipids.
  • Phospholipids have amphiphilic character with a hydrophilic head and a lipophilic tail. The fatty acid tails which are nonpolar are aligned towards the interior of the membrane, whereas hydrophilic heads orient outward the membrane.
  • Liposome formation is characterized by the method of dissolving in organic phase or in a detergent solution.
  • the organic phase is usually chloroform and methanol, and this organic phase is typically removed after an overnight drying procedure in a vacuum drying oven. This time consuming procedure still bears the risk of left over residue solvent. Moreover, lipophilic actives are prone to degeneration by the aggressive solvents such as chloroform.
  • a stabilizer like cholesterol is generally added into the formulation to make the liposomal bilayer stable and to decrease the leakage of an encapsulated hydrophilic active (e.g., a drug).
  • Electrolytes are used to increase the lipid bilayer order and to supply isotonic balance.
  • Charge inducers like stearylamine and phosphatidic acid are employed to keep liposomes of positive and negative surface charge more stable in a suspension.
  • Hydrophilic (i.e., water soluble) herbal or plant ingredients can be extracted by chemicals or water, and by various techniques, such as infusion, decoction, and maceration.
  • a resultant liquid including extracted herbal or plant components is hereinafter referred to also as an "extract solution”.
  • Lipophilic (i.e., oil soluble) herbal or plant ingredients can be obtained either by pressing the necessary parts, mostly seeds, of the plant to obtain a fixed oil or by distilling out the essential oils of the desired parts, mostly leaves or flowers.
  • An emulsion/dispersion of a fixed and/or essential oil in water i.e., a fixed oil, an essential oil, or a combination of both
  • an oil dispersion i.e., a fixed oil, an essential oil, or a combination of both
  • Infusion is the process of extracting chemical compounds or flavors from plant material in a solvent such as oil or alcohol, by allowing the material to remain suspended in the solvent over time (a process often called steeping).
  • An infusion is also the name for the resultant liquid.
  • an infusion includes the use of simmering water, which is poured over chosen subject or target plants or herbs. The brew is covered for a few minutes to produce an infusion or an extract solution by infusion.
  • the heat will release essential oils which are valuable for their concentrated active principles.
  • Decoction is a method of extraction by boiling of dissolved chemicals from herbal or plant material, which may include stems, roots, bark and rhizomes. Decoction may include first mashing and then boiling the plant in water to extract the plant components or other chemical substances. Decoctions and infusions may produce liquids with differing chemical properties as there are temperature/preparation differences.
  • a decoction includes putting the plant material in cold water and bringing the mixture to boil. Once the water comes to a boil, the mixture is removed from the heat and covered for a few minutes to produce a decoction or an extract solution by decoction.
  • Maceration involves extraction by solvent extraction.
  • a maceration includes placing the plant material in a container of cold water for 24 hours or longer to steep and extracting the active principles to thereby produce a maceration or an extract solution by maceration.
  • oils such as essential oils and/or fixed oils
  • Essential oils are also known as volatile oils, ethereal oils, aetherolea, or simply as the oil of the plant from which they were extracted.
  • An oil is "essential” in the sense that it contains the "essence of” the plant's fragrance - the characteristic fragrance of the plant from which it is derived.
  • Fixed oils are natural animal or vegetable oils that are not volatile and are also known as natural nonvolatile oils or fatty oils. Oils are typically hydrophobic or not miscible in water.
  • liposome production that is simple, fast, and effective using natural ingredients is highly desirable.
  • enhancing transdermal delivery into deeper layers of skin is highly desirable for an efficient and effective composition and method of preparing certain consumer products for topical applications.
  • FIGS. 1 A and 1 B are flowcharts illustrating methods of manufacturing dispersions of liposomes in accordance with embodiments of the present invention.
  • FIGS. 2-5 illustrate graphs showing the size distribution and average size of formed liposomes and the polydispersity index (PDI) for different liposome solutions in accordance with embodiments of the present invention.
  • PDI polydispersity index
  • FIG 6. illustrates graph showing MTT assay results of cell viability comparing Glycyrrhiza Glabra water extract alone with Quercus Infectora extracted into water extract of Glycyrrhiza Glabra and with Quercus Infectora extracted into liposome dispersion of water extract of Glycyrrhiza Glabra.
  • the present invention advantageously and surprisingly eliminates or reduces the above-mentioned disadvantages of prior liposome preparation.
  • the present invention provides an integrated method for efficient extraction, efficient delivery, and stabilization of the liposome dispersion, all by the same saponin medium, which does not have to be removed at any step of the process.
  • the surface active material used is a water solution of saponin or a water extract of a saponin-containing plant, hereinafter referred to as a "saponin solution".
  • This mild natural surface active material was discovered to not degenerate formed liposomes, and instead it was surprisingly found that a saponin solution stabilizes the liposomes which are formed.
  • active material is dissolved in a surface active water solution instead of an organic phase, risks of degeneration by aggressive solvents are eliminated.
  • the water solution of surface active material also does not have to be separated by evaporation or other means. Compared to the organic phase dissolved liposomes that employ thin film formation, the present invention provides a much simpler but effective method of liposome production.
  • liposomes of our innovaton do not need additives, such as stabilizers like cholesterol, charge inducers, or electrolytes. Higher alkyl chain length results in a high entrapment efficiency of a drug or other active ingredient. Saponin has higher chain lenth and accordingly has such an effective entrapment ability that liposomes formed in it do not need additive stabilizers. The stability and strength of the liposomes are achieved by the inherint characteristics of saponin. Risky toxic solvents are also not used. Expensive and burdensome processes such lyophilization or over-night drying (and their negative effects on the quality of liposomes) are avoided.
  • lecithin of a plant origin (hereinafter referred to as "lecithin") instead of synthetic forms of phospholipids such as DPPC.
  • lecithin yields liposomes with natural surface charge that do not need additional charge inducers.
  • this innovation uses plant-based surface active material and phosphatidylcholine, this edible liposome system is advantageous for food, drugs and other health and safety purposes.
  • the method of liposome preparation provides a simple, fast, effective and healthy dispersion of liposomes in waterr. The method enables production of edible liposomal products.
  • the present invention advantageously and surprisingly eliminates or reduces the above-mentioned shortcomings of prior herbal extraction and transdermal delivery means and methods by using an extraction medium including saponin for enhancing not only liposome formation but also herbal extraction and transdermal delivery.
  • an aqueous extraction of a saponin plant is used to both enhance herbal extraction from a subject or target plant and enhance transdermal delivery of a composition including the liposome and herbal extraction of the target plant.
  • the present invention advantageously and surprisingly eliminates or reduces the above-mentioned shortcomings of prior oil dispersion/emulsion and transdermal delivery means and methods.
  • an aqueous extract of a saponin-containing plant is used as a dispersion medium to both enhance oil dispersion and enhance transdermal delivery of a composition including the oil dispersion.
  • the dispersion medium of the present invention provides for a non-synthetic emulsifying agent or dispersing medium for oil, which also enhances transdermal delivery of the product including the oil.
  • the dispersion medium of the present invention is formed of natural reactants and may even be edible in one embodiment.
  • extract refers to an active ingredient or fraction isolated from a plant by using a solvent or a solvent system.
  • extract solution refers to the solution of the extract solvated in the solvent.
  • an herbal extract solution can be one of an infusion, a decoction, a maceration, or a product from another extraction technique performed on a subject plant by man.
  • the plant parts can be crushed and/or milled and optionally dried before being contacted with the extraction solvent; the extraction can be assisted with shaking, agitating, and/or heating; the extraction can be microwave and/or ultrasound assisted; the solvent can be filtered and reduced under reduced pressure evaporation; the filtered solids may be re-extracted to yield a second crop; and so forth.
  • a water extract of a saponin containing plant is employed as a solvent.
  • a method for preparing a solution of liposomes comprising: providing a saponin solution; providing a phospholipid in the saponin solution to form a composition; and supplying energy to mix the composition to form a dispersion of liposomes in water.
  • FIG. 1 A is a flowchart illustrating a method 100 of manufacturing a dispersion of liposomes in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Method 100 includes providing a saponin solution at step 102, providing a phospholipid in the saponin solution to form a composition at step 104, and supplying energy to mix the composition to form a dispersion of liposomes at step 106.
  • a target plant may be provided in the composition to extract soluble components of the target plant at step 1 10, prior to supplying energy to mix the composition to form a dispersion of liposomes in water.
  • FIG. 1 B is a flowchart illustrating a method 200 of manufacturing a dispersion of liposomes in accordance with other embodiments of the present invention.
  • Method 200 includes providing a saponin solution at step 202, providing a phospholipid in the saponin solution to form a composition at step 204, and supplying energy to mix the composition to form a dispersion of liposomes at step 206.
  • a target plant may be provided in the saponin solution to extract soluble components of the target plant at step 210, prior to providing a phospholipid and supplying energy to mix the composition to form a dispersion of liposomes in water.
  • the saponin solution includes soluble components of a saponin plant solvated in water.
  • the saponin plant may be selected from the group consisting of Camellia sinensis, Styrax japonica, Acacia concinna, Acacia nilotica, Acorus calamus, Aesculus hippocastanum, Agave Americana, AHanthus altissima, Akebia quinata, Albizia julibrissin, Aletris farinose, Aleurites fordii, Allium cepa, Allium drummondii, Allium fistulosum, Allium neapolitanum, Allium oleraceum, Allium ramosum, Allium sativum var.
  • the saponin solution may be produced from an extraction technique on the saponin plant using 1 weight unit of the saponin plant to 5-10 weight units of water.
  • providing a phospholipid may include providing lecithin in the saponin solution.
  • the lecithin may be derived from one or more of sunflower, sunflower seeds, soybeans, canola, cotton seed, egg yolk, and milk.
  • providing a phospholipid may include providing phosphatidylcholine.
  • supplying energy to mix the composition may include supplying one of sonication and high pressure homogenization to the composition.
  • sonication may be provided at 14000-26000 vibrations per second at 40 - 80 degrees Celsius for 2 - 5 minutes.
  • liposomes may be formed to have diameters between 80 nm - 500 nm and preferably between 100 nm - 200 nm.
  • the method for preparing a solution of liposomes may further comprise extracting soluble components of a target plant in the composition prior to providing energy to mix the composition.
  • the target plant may be selected from the group consisting of Achillea Millefolium, Aesculus Hippocastanum, Agrimonia Aupatoria, Alchemilla Vulgaris, Allium Sativum, Althaea Officinalis, Angelica Archangelica, Angelica sinensis syn. A.
  • the method may further comprise filtering the dispersion of liposomes under high pressure to provide liposomes with a narrower size distribution.
  • the dispersion of liposomes may also be filtered under high pressure through particularly sized filters to provide a particular size distribution.
  • saponin is not separated out from the dispersion of liposomes, lypholization on the dispersion of liposomes is not a step, and/or the dispersion of liposomes does not include a stabilizer, a charge inducer, or a toxic solvent.
  • a solution of liposomes produced by the following method is also disclosed: providing a saponin solution including soluble components of a saponin plant solvated in water; providing lecithin in the saponin solution to form a composition, wherein the lecithin is derived from one or more of sunflower, sunflower seeds, soybeans, canola, cotton seed, egg yolk, and milk; extracting soluble components of a target plant in the composition; and sonicating the composition to form a dispersion of liposomes in water, wherein sonication is provided at 14000-26000 vibrations per second at 40 - 80 degrees Celsius for 2 - 12 minutes, and wherein the liposomes are formed to have diameters between 80 nm - 500 nm.
  • the saponin plant may be selected from the group as noted above, and the target plant may be selected from the group as noted above
  • a product comprising the solution of liposomes according to any of the descriptions above is also described, wherein the product is selected from the group consisting of a cosmetic, a preservative formulation, an antimicrobial formulation, a pharmaceutical composition, a medical device, and a disinfectant.
  • an active ingredient and lecithin is dissolved in a water solution of saponin at room temperature.
  • the solution is sonicated for a sufficient amount of time to form a dispersion of liposomes. Intervals of sonication may be applied to avoid high temperatures exceeding the phase transition temperature of lecithin.
  • the active ingredient to be liposomed may already be present in the saponin solution.
  • the active ingredient to be liposomed that exists in the saponin solution may have been extracted from a plant with the enhancement of a saponin solution as disclosed herein.
  • Liposomes in certain examples were prepared by dissolving a natural source of phosphotidylcholine, namely lecithin, in a water extract of a saponin containing plant and then dissolving the active ingredient to be encapsulated in this saponin solution.
  • the final composition was treated with conventional homogenizing techniques like sonication, high pressure homogenization, high pressure filtering, or a combination thereof.
  • stabilizers e.g., cholesterol
  • charge inducers e.g., Tween
  • harsh surfactants e.g., Tween
  • Example 1 For this control group, an industrial phosphotidyl choline, namely phospholipon 90H (95% hydrogenated phosphotidyl choline by lipoid), was deployed to encapsulate hyaluronic acid. No stabilizers (e.g., cholesterol), charge inducers, or harsh surfactants (e.g., Tween) were added. Other functional groups were avoided. Initially the liposome sizes were observed to be 3 times bigger than the liposomes of Example 2 described below, which were prepared in accordance with embodiments of the present invention (under same conditions of sonicating for 5 mins).
  • phospholipon 90H 95% hydrogenated phosphotidyl choline by lipoid
  • a graph illustrates the size distribution and average size of formed liposomes and the polydispersity index (PDI) for this liposome solution of Example 1 after an overnight period.
  • the average size of the liposomes was found to be about 330 nm and the PDI was found to be about 1 .0, which indicates an unstable system.
  • Homogenous and stable liposome dispersions typically have a PDI value of less than 0.5 ⁇ See Rouser G, Fleischer S., Yamamoto A., "Two Dimensional Thin Layer Chromatographic Separation of Polar Lipids And Determination of Phospholipids by Phosphorous Analysis of Spots", Lipids. 5, 494-496, (1970)).
  • a graph illustrates the size distribution and average size of formed liposomes and the polydispersity index (PDI) for this liposome solution of Example 1 after a time period of six months.
  • the average size of the liposomes were found to be about 700 nm and the PDI was found to be about 0.71 , which indicates an unstable system.
  • Example 1 liposomes were observed in our technique which uses only one additional compound, saponin.
  • a composition was formed with the following: 0.3 parts saponin containing plant extract with 1 .0% dry matter; 0.7 parts soy lecithin; 0.1 parts hyaluronic acid; 98.9 parts water. The composition was sonicated for 5 minutes.
  • a graph illustrates the size distribution and average size of formed liposomes and the polydispersity index (PDI) for this liposome solution of Example 2 after an overnight period.
  • the average size of the liposomes were found to be about 89 nm and the PDI was found to be about 0.22, which indicates a stable system.
  • a graph illustrates the size distribution and average size of formed liposomes and the polydispersity index (PDI) for this liposome solution of Example 2 after a time period of six months.
  • the average size of the liposomes were found to be about 130 nm and the PDI was found to be about 0.48, which indicates a stable system.
  • Saponin not only facilitated production of liposomes of hyaluronic acid around 100 nm but also kept them stable for a period of 6 months minimum.
  • surface active materials had to be removed to avoid destruction of liposomes because harsh surfactants would destroy formed liposomes.
  • saponin known to be a mild surfactant is strong enough to facilitate the formation of liposomes, but mild enough not to destroy their structures and it even contributed to their stabilization in solution at room temperature for a period over half a year.
  • the following examples illustrate the synergy of extracting a plant ingredient with an extraction enhancer which is not removed and further used as the surfactant of the system, that liposomes the target ingredient.
  • Epicatechin a component of green tea was extracted into water by decoction method.
  • green tea extracts were been prepared in 1 :10 ratio with pure water by decoction technique for 15 minutes.
  • the extracts' transdermal effectiveness was measured with a Franz diffusion cell using 0.2-micron cellulose nitrate filters agitated at 100 rpm at 37 degrees Celsius, thus simulating human skin.
  • Amounts passing through the system in 2 nd , 5 th , 30 th and 60 th minutes were measured to be 2.45 %, 4.61 %, 20.56 %, and 26.58 %, respectively, of the Epicatechin in the solution.
  • Example 4 To the solution in Example 3, 1 % natural lecithin was added and dissolved. This final composition was sonicated for 5 minutes. The formed liposomal Epicatechin passed through a Franz diffusion cell using 0.2-micron cellulose nitrate filters agitated at 100 rpm at 37 degrees Celsius thus simulating human skin. The liposomes' transdermal effectiveness was measured with amounts passing through the system in 2 nd , 5 th , 30 th and 60 th minutes being 2.3 %, 8.9 %, 1 2.34 %, and 1 2.88 %, respectively, of the starting Epicatechin in the solution, which indicated that ingredients were transdermal ⁇ delivered slower on the average when extracted into water and liposomed in the absence of a saponin containing plant extract. Although the present is not limited to this theory, the active ingredient may be entrapped in the liposomes which remains undelivered without the aid of saponin.
  • Epicatechin was extracted into water extract of saponin containing Ruscus aculeatus by decoction method.
  • the extracts' transdermal effectiveness was measured with a Franz diffusion cell using 0.2-micron cellulose nitrate filters agitated at 1 00 rpm at 37 celcius thus simulating human skin. Amounts passing through the system in 2 nd , 5 th , 30 th and 60 th minutes were 0 %, 5.07 %, 27.57 %, and 41 .95 %, respectively, of starting active ingredient in the solution, which showed that ingredients were transdermal ⁇ delivered much faster when extracted into a water extract of Ruscus aculeatus.
  • Example 5 To the solution in Example 5, 1 % natural lecithin was added and dissolved. This final solution was sonicated for 5 minutes. The formed Epicatechin liposomes passed through a Franz diffusion cell using 0.2-micron cellulose nitrate filters agitated at 100 rpm at 37 celcius thus simulating human skin. The liposomes' transdermal effectiveness was measured, with amounts passing through the system in 2 nd , 5 th , 30 th and 60 th minutes being 6.97 %, 1 1 .82 %, 63.06 %, 72.1 5 %, respectively, of the starting Epicatechin in the solution. This showed that ingredients were transdermal ⁇ delivered much faster when extracted into Ruscus aculeatus water extract and liposomed. Table A below summarizes the transdermal effectiveness measurements for Examples 3-6, which demonstrates that ingredients were transdermally delivered much faster when extracted into Ruscus aculeatus water extract and liposomed.
  • Table B below shows comparative data of transdermally delivered ingredients when extracted into Ruscus aculeatus water extract, Gypshophila spp water extract and Artemisia spp (Artemisia vulgaris) water extract and then liposomed.
  • Gypshophila spp and Artemisia spp (Artemisia vulgaris) water extract extracts are prepared by same method explained in Example 5 and 6.
  • Table B demonstrates that ingredients were transdermally delivered much faster when extracted into Ruscus aculeatus and Gypshophila spp and liposomed.
  • the Ruscus and Gypshophila spp examples showed better delivery results (improved speed) than the water side of the table, either with or without the addition of lecithin.
  • a graph illustrates MTT assay results of cell viability comparing Glycyrrhiza Glabra water extract alone with Quercus Infectora extracted into water extract of Glycyrrhiza Glabra and with Quercus Infectora extracted into liposome dispersion of water extract of Glycyrrhiza Glabra.
  • the graph shows that glycyrrhiza Glabra alone used in the transdermal composition cause a decrease of cell viability percentage.
  • Quercus Infectora extracted into water extract of Glycyrrhiza Glabra cell viability is increased.
  • best results is achieved by the use of Quercus Infectora extracted into liposome dispersion of water extract of Glycyrrhiza Glabra.
  • a composition for transdermal delivery, to which a phospholipid is mixed prior to supplying energy may comprise an herbal extract solution having soluble components of a subject or target plant solvated in an extraction medium.
  • the extraction medium includes soluble components of a saponin plant solvated in water, and the saponin plant and the subject plant are different plants or types of plants.
  • a subject plant may be one or more of various plants solvated in the extraction medium, and a saponin plant may be one or more of various plants solvated in a solvent, such as water.
  • compositions for transdermal delivery may comprise: an oily phase including an oil between 0.1 wt% and 6 wt% of the composition; an aqueous phase including an herbal extract solution having soluble components of a subject plant solvated in an extraction medium; and a preservative providing antioxidant and/or antimicrobial properties, wherein the preservative is between 0.1 wt% and 3 wt% of the composition.
  • the herbal extract solution is one of an infusion, a decoction, a maceration, or a product from another extraction technique on the subject plant.
  • the herbal extract solution is produced from an extraction technique on the subject plant using 1 weight unit of the subject plant to 6-12 weight units of the extraction medium.
  • the extraction medium includes soluble components of a saponin plant solvated in water.
  • the extraction medium is produced from an extraction technique on the saponin plant using 1 weight unit of the saponin plant to 5-10 weight units of water.
  • the extraction medium is one of an infusion, a decoction, a maceration, or a product from another extraction technique on the saponin plant.
  • the saponin plant and the subject plant are different plants or types of plants.
  • a product is provided comprising any of a composition as described in the various embodiments above.
  • the product may be selected from the group consisting of a cosmetic, a preservative formulation, an antimicrobial formulation, a pharmaceutical composition, a medical device, and a disinfectant.
  • a method for treating human skin may comprise applying, to a skin surface, a suitable composition as described above.
  • a method for enhanced herbal extraction and transdermal delivery of an herbal extract solution may comprise: extracting soluble components of a saponin plant with water to provide an extraction medium; extracting soluble components of a subject plant with the extraction medium to provide an herbal extract solution; and mixing the herbal extract solution with a component of complimentary function to produce a product for transdermal delivery.
  • Oil dispersion and transdermal delivery may comprise: extracting soluble components of a saponin plant with water to provide an extraction medium; extracting soluble components of a subject plant with the extraction medium to provide an herbal extract solution; and mixing the herbal extract solution with a component of complimentary function to produce a product for transdermal delivery.
  • a composition for transdermal delivery may comprise an oil in water emulsion having an oil of a target plant dispersed in a dispersion medium, wherein the dispersion medium includes soluble components of a saponin plant solvated in water, and wherein the saponin plant and the target plant are different plants or types of plants.
  • a target plant may be one or more of various plants from which the oil (fixed and/or essential) is provided, and a saponin plant may be one or more of various plants solvated in a solvent, such as water.
  • a composition for transdermal delivery may comprise: an oil in water emulsion having a fixed oil and/or an essential oil of a target plant dispersed in a dispersion medium; a preservative providing antioxidant and/or antimicrobial properties, wherein the preservative is between 0.1 wt% and 3 wt% of the composition; and a film-forming biopolymer, wherein the biopolymer is between 0.1 wt% and 4 wt% of the composition.
  • the fixed oil and/or the essential oil of the target plant is between 0.1 wt% and 6 wt% of the composition.
  • the dispersion medium includes soluble components of a saponin plant solvated in water, the dispersion medium is produced from an extraction technique on the saponin plant using 1 weight unit of the saponin plant to 5-10 weight units of water, and the dispersion medium is one of an infusion, a decoction, a maceration, or a product from another extraction technique on the saponin plant.
  • the saponin plant and the target plant are different plants or types of plants.
  • a product may comprise any of a composition as described above, wherein the product is selected from the group consisting of a cosmetic, a preservative formulation, an antimicrobial formulation, a pharmaceutical composition, a medical device, and a disinfectant.
  • a method for treating human skin may comprise applying, to a skin surface, a suitable composition as described above.
  • a method for enhanced oil dispersion and transdermal delivery of an oil may comprise: extracting soluble components of a saponin plant with water to provide a dispersion medium; dispersing an oil in the dispersion medium to provide an emulsion; and mixing the emulsion with a component of complimentary function to produce a product for transdermal delivery.
  • the present invention advantageously and surprisingly eliminates or reduces the above-mentioned shortcomings of prior liposome preparation, herbal extraction, and transdermal delivery means and methods by using an extraction medium including saponin for enhancing liposome formation, herbal extraction and transdermal delivery.
  • an aqueous extraction of a saponin plant is used to enhance liposome preparation, herbal extraction from a subject plant, and transdermal delivery of the liposome and/or composition including the liposome of the subject or target plant.
  • the dispersion medium of the present invention advantageously provides for a non-synthetic emulsifying agent or dispersing medium for oil, which also enhances transdermal delivery of a product including oil.
  • the dispersion medium of the present invention is formed of natural reactants and may even be edible.
  • an essential oil and/or a fixed oil is dispersed in water and also rendered transdermal with a dispersion medium including a saponin content.
  • compositions for Transdermal Delivery Topical Application
  • a composition for transdermal delivery, to which a phopholipid is mixed may comprise an herbal extract solution having soluble components of a subject plant solvated in an extraction medium.
  • the extraction medium includes soluble components of a saponin plant solvated in water, and the saponin plant and the subject plant are different types of plants.
  • composition may have the following alternative components, which may also be combined in various applicable and functioning combinations within the scope of the present invention.
  • the subject plant may be selected from the group consisting of: Achillea Millefolium, Aesculus Hippocastanum, Agrimonia Aupatoria, Alchemilla Vulgaris, Allium Sativum, Althaea Officinalis, Angelica Archangelica, Angelica sinensis syn. A.
  • the saponin plant may be selected from the group consisting of: Camellia sinensis, Styrax japonica, Acacia concinna, Acacia nilotica, Acorus calamus, Aesculus hippocastanum, Agave Americana, AHanthus altissima, Akebia quinata, Albizia julibrissin, Aletris farinose, Aleurites fordii, Allium cepa, Allium drummondii, Allium fistulosum, Allium neapolitanum, Allium oleraceum, Allium ramosum, Allium sativum var.
  • This group may be referred to as a saponin plant list.
  • the saponin plant is selected from the group consisting of Gypsophila sp., Glycyrrhiza Glabra, Ruscus aculeatus, Artemisia Vulgaris, Yucca schidigera and a combination thereof; more preferably the saponin plant is selected from the group consisting of Gypsophila sp., Glycyrrhiza Glabra, Ruscus aculeatus and a combination thereof.
  • the saponin plant is a natural plant which includes saponin that can be extracted into water, at least in part.
  • the saponin material is obtained by extraction from a plant source by employing water, and in some embodiments, alcohol, glycerin, a water/alcohol solution, or a water/glycerin solution may be used for extraction.
  • the extraction time may vary without limitation from 1 to 8 hours, at or above room temperature (2CTC - 30 ⁇ ), e.g., above 30 , 50 , 60 ⁇ €-, or 990. In some embodiments, the extraction is carried out at a temperature between 70 and 1 OCTC.
  • the saponin material is obtained from a plant source.
  • the plant source may be selected from the saponin plant list as described above or any mixture thereof. Any part of the plant may be used for extracting the saponin material, including leaves, stems, roots, bulbs, blossom and fruit (including the skin, flesh and seed of the fruit).
  • the saponin-containing extract may be obtained from any natural source known to comprise saponins. Such a natural source may be a plant source, some of which are detailed infra, and also from non-plant sources such as marine organisms (e.g., starfish and sea cucumbers).
  • the saponins are extracted from a plant source, naturally grown or genetically modified to have high saponin content.
  • the extraction medium may be one of an infusion, a decoction, a maceration, or a product from another extraction technique performed on the saponin plant by man.
  • the extraction medium may be produced from an extraction technique on the saponin plant using 1 weight unit of the saponin plant to 5-10 weight units of water.
  • the composition may further comprise an oil including an essential oil and/or a fixed oil to form an emulsion for transdermal delivery.
  • the oil may be a fixed oil and/or an essential oil of a target plant, the oil having a weight percentage between 0.1 wt% and 6 wt% of the composition.
  • the oil may be from a target plant selected from the group consisting of: Pinus mugo, Rosa damascene, Abies alba, Abies siberica ledeb., Acorus calamus L, Agathosma betulina, Allium sativum L, Amyris balsamifera L, Anethum graveolens, Angelica archangelica L, Aniba rosaeodora Ducke, Anthemis nobilis, Apium graveolens, Artemisia dracunculus L, Artemisia herba-alba Asso, Artemisia pallens Wall., Boswellia carterii, Bulnesia sarmientoi, Cananga odorata, Canarium commune, Carum Carvi L, Cedrus atlantica, Cinnamomum Camphora Ness & Eberm, Cinnamomum cassia, Cinnamomum zeylanicum Blume, Cistus ladanifer
  • a target plant list a target plant list.
  • the target plant is selected from the group consisting of Camellia Sinensis, Quercus Robur and a combination thereof.
  • the composition may further comprise a preservative providing antioxidant and/or antimicrobial properties.
  • the preservative may be between 0.1 wt% and 3 wt% of the composition.
  • the preservative may be selected from the group consisting of: Acacia ssp, Achillea millefolium, Allium cepa, Allium sativum var.
  • the composition may further comprise a film-forming biopolymer, wherein the biopolymer is between 0.1 wt% and 4 wt% of the composition.
  • the film- forming biopolymer may be selected from the group consisting of pullulan or other polysaccharides, galactomannans, Vietnamese tragacanth, locust bean gum or other gums, alginates, casein or caseinates, and the like.
  • This group may be referred to as a biopolymer list.
  • the film-forming biopolymer functions to form the composition as a film on the application surface, such as skin, to provide an increased length of time for the composition to be absorbed by the application surface.
  • a composition for transdermal delivery may comprise: an oily phase including an oil between 0.1 wt% and 6 wt% of the composition; an aqueous phase including an herbal extract solution having soluble components of a subject plant solvated in an extraction medium; and a preservative providing antioxidant and/or antimicrobial properties, wherein the preservative is between 0.1 wt% and 3 wt% of the composition.
  • the herbal extract solution is one of an infusion, a decoction, a maceration, or a product from another extraction technique on the subject plant.
  • the herbal extract solution is produced from an extraction technique on the subject plant using 1 weight unit of the subject plant to 6-12 weight units of the extraction medium.
  • the extraction medium includes soluble components of a saponin plant solvated in water.
  • the extraction medium is produced from an extraction technique on the saponin plant using 1 weight unit of the saponin plant to 5-10 weight units of water.
  • the extraction medium is one of an infusion, a decoction, a maceration, or a product from another extraction technique on the saponin plant.
  • the saponin plant and the subject plant are different types of plants.
  • composition may have the following alternative components, which may also be combined in various applicable and functioning combinations within the scope of the present invention: the subject plant is selected from the group consisting of the subject plant list as described above; the target plant is selected from the group consisting of the target plant list as described above; the saponin plant is selected from the group consisting of the saponin plant list as described above; and the preservative is selected from the group consisting of the preservative list as described above.
  • the composition may further comprise a film-forming biopolymer between 0.1 wt% and 4 wt% of the composition.
  • the film-forming biopolymer may be selected from the group consisting of the biopolymer list as described above.
  • compositions may further include a component of complimentary function that includes complimentary active ingredients for providing a topical product as desired.
  • the component of complimentary function may be selected from the group consisting of film-forming biopolymers, rheology modifiers, anti-pollution ingredients, UV screeners, hyaluronic acid, ceramides, and humectants including vinegar or betaine.
  • the component of complimentary function may be an oil to form an emulsion.
  • the component of complimentary function may be between 0.1 wt% and 3 wt% of the composition.
  • the component of complimentary function may be a preservative selected from the group consisting of the preservative list as described above.
  • a composition for transdermal delivery may comprise an oil in water emulsion having an oil of a target plant dispersed in a dispersion medium, wherein the dispersion medium includes soluble components of a saponin plant solvated in water, and wherein the saponin plant and the target plant are different types of plants.
  • the above composition may have the following alternative components, which may also be combined in various applicable and functioning combinations within the scope of the present invention.
  • the oil may include a fixed oil and/or an essential oil of the target plant, the oil having a weight percentage between 0.1 wt% and 6 wt% of the composition.
  • the target plant may be selected from the group consisting of the target plant list as described above, and a combination thereof.
  • the saponin plant may be selected from the group consisting of the saponin plant list as described above, another plant including saponin, and a combination thereof.
  • the saponin plant is a natural plant which includes saponin that can be extracted into water at least in part.
  • the saponin material is obtained by extraction from a plant source by employing water, and in some embodiments, alcohol, glycerin or a water/alcohol solution or a water/glycerin solution.
  • the extraction time may vary without limitation from 1 to 8 hours, at or above room temperature (20 - 30 ), e.g., above 30 , 40 , 50 , 60 or 99 .
  • the extraction is carried out at a temperature between 70 ⁇ C and l OO'C.
  • the saponin material is obtained from a plant source.
  • the saponin plant source may be selected from the saponin list as described above or any mixture thereof. Any part of the plant may be used for extracting the saponin material, including leaves, stems, roots, bulbs, blossom and fruit (including the skin, flesh and seed of the fruit).
  • the saponin-containing extract may be obtained from any natural source known to comprise saponins. Such natural source may be a plant source, some of which are detailed infra, and also from non-plant sources such as marine organisms (e.g., starfish and sea cucumbers).
  • the saponins are extracted from a plant source, naturally grown or genetically modified to have high saponin content.
  • the dispersion medium is one of an infusion, a decoction, a maceration, or a product from another extraction technique performed on the saponin plant by man.
  • the dispersion medium may be produced from an extraction technique on the saponin plant using 1 weight unit of the saponin plant to 5-10 weight units of water.
  • the composition may further comprise a preservative.
  • the preservative may be between 0.1 wt% and 3 wt% of the composition.
  • the preservative may be selected from the group consisting of the preservative list as described above.
  • the composition may further comprise a film-forming biopolymer, wherein the biopolymer is between 0.1 wt% and 4 wt% of the composition.
  • the film- forming biopolymer may be selected from the group consisting of pullulan or other polysaccharides, galactomannans, Vietnamese tragacanth, locust bean gum or other gums, alginates, casein or caseinates, and the like. This group may be referred to as a biopolymer list as described above.
  • a composition for transdermal delivery may comprise: an oil in water emulsion having a fixed oil and/or an essential oil of a target plant dispersed in a dispersion medium; a preservative providing antioxidant and/or antimicrobial properties, wherein the preservative is between 0.1 wt% and 3 wt% of the composition; and a film-forming biopolymer, wherein the biopolymer is between 0.1 wt% and 4 wt% of the composition.
  • the fixed oil and/or the essential oil of the target plant is between 0.1 wt% and 6 wt% of the composition.
  • the dispersion medium includes soluble components of a saponin plant solvated in water, the dispersion medium is produced from an extraction technique on the saponin plant using 1 weight unit of the saponin plant to 5-10 weight units of water, and the dispersion medium is one of an infusion, a decoction, a maceration, or a product from another extraction technique on the saponin plant.
  • the saponin plant and the target plant are different types of plants.
  • the above composition may have the following alternative components, which may also be combined in various applicable and functioning combinations within the scope of the present invention: the target plant is selected from the group consisting of the target plant list as described above; the saponin plant is selected from the group consisting of the saponin plant list as described above; the preservative is selected from the group consisting of the preservative list as described above; and the film-forming biopolymer is selected from the group consisting of the biopolymer list as described above.
  • Any of the above compositions may further include a component of complimentary function that includes complimentary active ingredients for providing a topical product as desired.
  • the component of complimentary function may be selected from the group consisting of film-forming biopolymers, rheology modifiers, anti-pollution ingredients, UV screeners, hyaluronic acid, ceramides, and humectants including vinegar or betaine.
  • the component of complimentary function may be between 0.1 wt% and 3 wt% of the composition.
  • the component of complimentary function may be a preservative selected from the group consisting of the preservative list as described above.
  • a product comprising any of a composition as described in the various embodiments above.
  • the product may be selected from the group consisting of a cosmetic, a preservative formulation, an antimicrobial formulation, a pharmaceutical composition, a medical device, and a disinfectant.
  • the present invention provides a cosmetic or cleansing formulation comprising a composition as described in the various embodiments above.
  • the cosmetic or cleansing formulations according to the invention are typically formulated in a form adapted for topical application comprising a cosmetically or dermatologically acceptable medium, namely a medium which is suitable for application onto the skin of a subject (human or non-human).
  • the medium may be in the form of aqueous or hydroalcoholic solution, an oil-in-water or water-in-oil emulsion, a microemulsion, aqueous or anhydrous gels, serum, or else a dispersion of vesicles, a patch, cream, spray, salve, ointment, lotion, gel, solution, suspension, or any other known cosmetically acceptable form.
  • the formulation may alternatively be formulated for application to the human skin (including mucosal regions via a mucous membrane or mucosa), hair, eyelashes, eyebrows, or nails.
  • the formulation may contain other standard additives such as an emollient, moisturizer, thickener, emulsifier, neutralizer, coloring agent, a fragrance, absorber or filter, preservative and/or gelling agent, a sun screen agent (e.g., UV absorbing agents), electrolytes, proteins, antioxidants, anti-pollution additives and chelating agents.
  • an emollient such as a emollient, moisturizer, thickener, emulsifier, neutralizer, coloring agent, a fragrance, absorber or filter, preservative and/or gelling agent, a sun screen agent (e.g., UV absorbing agents), electrolytes, proteins, antioxidants, anti-pollution additives and chelating agents.
  • the formulation may also further comprise at least one active ingredient such as peptide active ingredients, vegetable extracts, anti-age agents, anti-wrinkle agents, soothing agents, radical scavengers, UV absorbing agents, agents stimulating the synthesis of dermal macromolecules or the energy metabolism, hydrating agents, anti- bacterial agents, anti-fungal agents, anti-inflammatory agents, anesthetic agents, agents modulating cutaneous differentiation, pigmentation or de-pigmentation, agents stimulating nail or hair growth.
  • active ingredient such as peptide active ingredients, vegetable extracts, anti-age agents, anti-wrinkle agents, soothing agents, radical scavengers, UV absorbing agents, agents stimulating the synthesis of dermal macromolecules or the energy metabolism, hydrating agents, anti- bacterial agents, anti-fungal agents, anti-inflammatory agents, anesthetic agents, agents modulating cutaneous differentiation, pigmentation or de-pigmentation, agents stimulating nail or hair growth.
  • An antimicrobial formulation may comprise a composition as described in the various embodiments above.
  • the antimicrobial formulation of the invention may be effective in reducing or eliminating a microorganism population or a biofilm of such microorganisms.
  • the antimicrobial formulations of the invention are effective in reducing, inhibiting, eliminating, and/or preventing the growth of bacteria, fungi, yeast, viruses and/or other microbes.
  • Such formulations may also contain cell wall permeabilizers for the targeted microbes selected from EDTA, Chitosan or other cationic surfactants.
  • a therapeutic formulation may comprise a composition as described in the various embodiments above or a mixture of extracts thereof, as defined herein.
  • the pharmaceutical formulation of the invention may be effective in the treatment and/or prevention of a variety of diseases and disorders.
  • the formulations of the invention may provide instant and persistent antimicrobial activity against a wide spectrum of microorganisms, as defined herein.
  • the disease or disorder to be treated is associated with bacterial infection, fungal infection, or viral infection.
  • a formulation of the invention as herein defined for the preparation of a pharmaceutical composition for treating or preventing a disease or disorder in a mammal (human or non-human).
  • the disease or disorder is associated with a bacteria, virus, fungus, yeast, or mold.
  • treatment refers to the administering of a therapeutic amount of the composition of the present invention which is effective to ameliorate undesired symptoms associated with a disease, to prevent the manifestation of such symptoms before they occur, to slow down the progression of the disease, slow down the deterioration of symptoms, to enhance the onset of remission period, slow down the irreversible damage caused in the progressive chronic stage of the disease, to delay the onset of said progressive stage, to lessen the severity or cure the disease, to improve survival rate or more rapid recovery, or to prevent the disease from occurring, or a combination of two or more of the above.
  • the "effective amount" for purposes disclosed herein is determined by such considerations as may be known in the art.
  • the amount must be effective to achieve the desired therapeutic effect as described above, depending, inter alia, on the type and severity of the disease to be treated and the treatment regime.
  • the effective amount is typically determined in appropriately designed clinical trials (dose range studies) and the person versed in the art will know how to properly conduct such trials in order to determine the effective amount.
  • an effective amount depends on a variety of factors including the affinity of the ligand to the receptor, its distribution profile within the body, a variety of pharmacological parameters such as half life in the body, on undesired side effects, if any, on factors such as age, gender, etc.
  • the invention provides a preservative formulation comprising a composition as described in the various embodiments above or a mixture of extracts thereof, as defined herein.
  • the preservative formulation of the invention may be used to reduce, inhibit or completely eliminate pathogen population in a variety of consumer products, such as personal care products, industrial products, food products, therapeutics, and others.
  • the formulation of the invention may be used to replace currently available chemicals which are used as preservatives, some of which known as toxic to humans and animals, or at reduce their concentration in such products for human or animal use.
  • the preservative formulation may be added to any such product, such as cosmetics and toiletries in aqueous or hydroalcoholic solution, oil-in-water or water-in-oil emulsion, aqueous or anhydrous gels, cream, ointment, lotion, gel, solution and suspension; therapeutics and over-the-counter pharmaceutical products.
  • a method for treating human skin comprising applying, to a skin surface, any of a composition as described in various embodiments above.
  • a method for enhanced herbal extraction and transdermal delivery of an herbal extract solution comprises: extracting soluble components of a saponin plant with water to provide an extraction medium; extracting soluble components of a subject plant with the extraction medium to provide an herbal extract solution; and mixing the herbal extract solution with a component of complimentary function to produce a product for transdermal delivery.
  • the above method may have the following alternative components or steps, which may also be combined in various applicable and functioning combinations within the scope of the present invention:
  • the subject plant may be selected from the group consisting of the subject plant list as described above.
  • the saponin plant may be selected from the group consisting of the saponin plant list as described above.
  • the oil may be a fixed oil or an essential oil of a target plant, and the target plant may be selected from the group consisting of the target plant list as described above.
  • the extracting of soluble components of the subject plant with the extraction medium may be accomplished by one of an infusion, a decoction, a maceration, or another extraction technique performed on the subject plant by man.
  • the extracting of soluble components of a saponin plant with water may be accomplished by one of an infusion, a decoction, a maceration, or another extraction technique performed on the saponin plant by man.
  • the extracting of soluble components of a saponin plant with water may include using 1 weight unit of the saponin plant to 5-10 weight units of water.
  • the component of complimentary function includes complimentary active ingredients for providing a topical product as desired.
  • the component of complimentary function may be selected from the group consisting of film-forming biopolymers, rheology modifiers, anti-pollution ingredients, UV screeners, hyaluronic acid, ceramides, and humectants including vinegar or betaine.
  • the component of complimentary function may be an oil to form an emulsion.
  • the component of complimentary function may be between 0.1 wt% and 3 wt% of the composition.
  • the component of complimentary function may be a preservative selected from the group consisting of the preservative list as described above.
  • the method may further comprise processing a mixture of the subject plant and the extraction medium prior to the step of extracting soluble components of the subject plant, wherein processing the mixture of the subject plant and the extraction medium includes one of mixing, heating, cavitation, application of direct electric current, ultrasound mixing, and a combination thereof.
  • the method may further comprise processing a mixture of the saponin plant and water prior to the step of extracting soluble components of the saponin plant, wherein processing the mixture of the saponin plant and water includes one of mixing, heating, cavitation, application of direct electric current, ultrasound mixing, and a combination thereof.
  • extraction enhancement may be accomplished by the following methods among others.
  • soluble components of a subject plant are extracted into water by decoction, infusion, maceration, or another extraction technique.
  • an extraction medium including saponin e.g., an aqueous solution including extract of a saponin-containing plant
  • soluble components of a subject plant are extracted directly into an extraction medium including saponin by decoction, infusion, maceration, or another extraction technique.
  • oil soluble ingredients of a subject plant that exist as an essential or fixed oil, are dispersed in a dispersion medium including saponin, to thereby enhance emulsion of the oil soluble ingredients and to protect the oil from microbial and/or oxidative deterioration.
  • the herbal extract infusion may be used without separation from herbal residue, or the herbal residue after physical filtering may be used without separation from the extraction medium.
  • an herbal extract solution enables the incorporation of desired ingredients of plants into the product without the need for an external solvent and subsequent solvent removal.
  • the present invention eliminates the extra step needed to separate an extract from a solvent used in the extraction process, as the solvent itself is a raw material of the end product that is produced. This also eliminates the risk of degradation of the active ingredients in the extracts since high temperatures for solvent separation are avoided. Extracts that are produced in the production area in necessary amounts when needed are more fresh and potent than those produced by other methods or requiring lengthy storage times.
  • the present invention provides for production in simpler extraction facilities with lower costs of investment, stock and operations when utilizing herbal extracts in the production of soap, household, cosmetics, and like products.
  • herbal extraction as described above may take place in the production area.
  • a method for enhanced oil dispersion and transdermal delivery of an oil comprises: extracting soluble components of a saponin plant with water to provide a dispersion medium; dispersing an oil in the dispersion medium to provide an emulsion; and mixing the emulsion with a component of complimentary function to produce a product for transdermal delivery.
  • the above method may have the following alternative components or steps, which may also be combined in various applicable and functioning combinations within the scope of the present invention.
  • the saponin plant may be selected from the group consisting of the saponin plant list as described above.
  • the oil may be a fixed oil and/or an essential oil of a target plant, and the target plant may be selected from the group consisting of the target plant list as described above.
  • the component of complimentary function may be a preservative selected from the group consisting of the preservative list as described above or a film forming biopolymer selected from the group consisting of the biopolymer list as described above.
  • the extracting of soluble components of a saponin plant with water may include using 1 weight unit of the saponin plant to 5-10 weight units of water.
  • the extracting of soluble components of the saponin plant with water may be accomplished by one of an infusion, a decoction, a maceration, or another extraction technique performed on the saponin plant by man.
  • the oil may be between 0.1 wt% and 6 wt% of the composition.
  • the component of complimentary function may be selected from the group consisting of film-forming biopolymers, rheology modifiers, anti-pollution ingredients, UV screeners, hyaluronic acids, ceramides, and humectants including vinegar or betaine.
  • the component of complimentary function may be between 0.1 wt% and 4 wt% of the composition.
  • the method may further comprise processing a mixture of the saponin plant and water prior to the step of dispersing an oil in the dispersion medium, wherein processing the mixture of the saponin plant and water includes one of mixing, heating, cavitation, application of direct electric current, ultrasound mixing, and a combination thereof.

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Abstract

L'invention concerne des produits comprenant une dispersion de liposomes, et des préparation et d'utilisation des liposomes. Conformément à un mode de réalisation, un procédé de préparation d'une dispersion de liposomes consiste à utiliser une solution de saponine, à introduire un phospholipide dans la solution de saponine pour former une composition, et à fournir de l'énergie pour mélanger la composition afin de former une dispersion de liposomes dans l'eau.
PCT/TR2018/050452 2017-06-30 2018-08-29 Dispersion de liposomes WO2019040035A2 (fr)

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CN113456592A (zh) * 2021-06-30 2021-10-01 花安堂生物科技集团有限公司 一种防腐消炎脂质体及其制备方法
WO2023156064A1 (fr) * 2022-02-17 2023-08-24 The Boots Company Plc Compositions antioxydantes
CN114600703A (zh) * 2022-04-21 2022-06-10 中南林业科技大学 一种提高油茶间作土壤养分和酶活性的方法

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