WO2019030078A1 - Buse d'injecteur de carburant - Google Patents

Buse d'injecteur de carburant Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019030078A1
WO2019030078A1 PCT/EP2018/070890 EP2018070890W WO2019030078A1 WO 2019030078 A1 WO2019030078 A1 WO 2019030078A1 EP 2018070890 W EP2018070890 W EP 2018070890W WO 2019030078 A1 WO2019030078 A1 WO 2019030078A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
spray hole
fuel injector
facing surface
outlet
valve body
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2018/070890
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
James DOETSCH
Kevin Peterson
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch Gmbh filed Critical Robert Bosch Gmbh
Publication of WO2019030078A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019030078A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M61/1806—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for characterised by the arrangement of discharge orifices, e.g. orientation or size
    • F02M61/1833—Discharge orifices having changing cross sections, e.g. being divergent
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M61/1886—Details of valve seats not covered by groups F02M61/1866 - F02M61/188
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/04—Fuel-injection apparatus having means for avoiding effect of cavitation, e.g. erosion

Definitions

  • the spray pattern and characteristics of a fuel injector nozzle are determined by shape of the valve seat and the spray holes formed in the valve seat.
  • the characteristics of the spray can contribute greatly to engine-out emissions. For example, controlling certain characteristics can minimize the particulate and gaseous emissions generated by the internal combustion engine that is supplied by the fuel injector.
  • Some of the characteristics that can be controlled include the flow of the fuel within the spray hole of the valve seat, the breakup/atomization of the spray as it exits the spray hole, the penetration of the spray in the combustion chamber and tip wetting of the valve seat.
  • a fuel injector nozzle includes features that reduce the potential for unburned liquid fuel in the combustion chamber of a direct injection combustion engine. Liquid fuel at the time of combustion is associated with the production of particulate matter, a regulated emission. By altering the shape of the spray hole, the amount of wetting of the injector tip may be decreased, and the penetration distance of the spray may be decreased, reducing the amount of liquid fuel impingement on internal engine surfaces and reducing the likelihood of liquid fuel persisting in the cylinder.
  • the fuel injector nozzle includes a valve seat having a spray hole provided in an improved shape.
  • the spray hole is shaped so as to create a curved, smooth inlet and/or outlet edge having a large entrance and/or exit radius to minimize cavitation and turbulence generation at the nozzle inlet.
  • the spray hole having the improved shape may minimize or better control cavitation at inlet, and thus may improve spray quality.
  • a step feature is provided within the spray hole passageway that is configured to allow controlled cavitation generation, which in turn allows for cavitation reduction via the ability to control cavitation.
  • the shape of the outlet of the spray hole (e.g., the shape of the counter bore) is controlled to address tip wetting.
  • a feature is added to the outlet edge that reduces the surface area immediately around the counter bore edge.
  • a helical feature is provided in the spray hole passageway that increases angular momentum of the fuel spray.
  • valve seat spray hole shape that controls the spray pattern
  • the characteristics of a fuel injector nozzle can be controlled and thus the engine-out emissions may be reduced.
  • Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a fuel injector.
  • Fig. 2 is an axial cross-sectional view of a fuel injector.
  • Fig. 3 is an enlarged perspective view cross sectional view of the valve seat of the fuel injector.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic cross sectional view of a portion of the valve seat including a spray hole, where a broken line represents the valve body in an open position and an arrow represents the direction of fuel flow.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic cross sectional view of a portion of an alternative embodiment valve seat including a spray hole.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic cross sectional view of a portion of another alternative embodiment valve seat including a spray hole.
  • Fig. 7 illustrates an exterior view of a portion of a fuel injector including an outlet of a spray hole before a spraying event.
  • Fig. 8 illustrates an exterior view of the portion of the fuel injector of Fig. 7 including the outlet of the spray hole during a spraying event.
  • Fig. 9 illustrates an exterior view of the portion of the fuel injector of Fig. 7 including the outlet of the spray hole following a spraying event.
  • Fig. 10 is a schematic cross sectional view of a portion of another alternative embodiment valve seat including a spray hole.
  • Fig. 1 1 is a schematic cross sectional view of a portion of another alternative embodiment valve seat including a spray hole.
  • Fig. 12 is a schematic cross sectional view of a portion of another alternative embodiment valve seat including a spray hole.
  • Fig. 13 is a table outlining fuel injector spray requirements for various engine conditions.
  • a fuel injector 1 is used for injection of fuel such as gasoline into the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine (not shown).
  • the fuel injector 1 has a tubular housing 2 that supports a valve seat 4 at one end thereof.
  • the valve seat 4 includes at least one spray hole 20 that serves as a nozzle of the fuel injector 1, or a portion thereof.
  • the fuel injector 1 includes a valve body 10 operable by a valve needle 12 to move between a first position abutting the valve seat 4 (Fig. 2) in which the spray hole 20 is closed, and a second position spaced apart from the valve seat 4 (Fig. 3) in which the spray hole 20 is open.
  • the fuel injectorl is an inward opening fuel injector 1.
  • valve body 3 When the fuel injector 1 is operated, valve body 3 is lifted upward and away from valve seat 4 face via the valve needle 12.
  • the valve seat 4 includes a valve body facing surface 6, an opposed, outward facing surface 8, and the spray hole 20 that forms a passageway 26 between the valve body surfaces 6, 8.
  • the spray hole 20 includes an inlet 22 at the valve body facing surface 6, and an outlet 24 at the outward facing surface 8.
  • a counter bore 28 is formed at the spray hole outlet 24.
  • the valve seat 4 also includes one or more surface features in the vicinity of the spray hole 20 that permit control of the spray pattern and characteristics, as discussed in detail below.
  • valve seat 4 and particularly the inlet 22 of the spray hole 20 of the valve seat 4, can be shaped so as to create a smoothly curved inlet edge.
  • the inlet 22 may include a large entrance radius to minimize cavitation and turbulence generation at the nozzle inlet 22.
  • cavitation occurs to some degree in most injector designs, but it is not highly controlled. It can be difficult to control cavitation since it is not only a function of nozzle shape, but is also a function of fuel temperature and in-cylinder pressure, which are not fully controllable.
  • the valve seat 4 is shaped to address cavitation.
  • the spray hole inlet 22 can be shaped so as to create a smooth inlet edge as discussed above with respect to Fig. 4, and may also include a step feature 30 within the spray hole passageway 26.
  • the step feature 30 is an annular ridge having a rectangular cross-sectional profile that protrudes into the spray hole passageway 26 in a direction perpendicular to the fluid flow direction. In the figures, the fluid flow direction is shown by an arrow.
  • a known amount of cavitation can be created. That is, the shape of the spray hole 20 allows for a controlled approach to cavitation generation (counter bore or no counter bore). This can be advantageous since the vapor layer produced by cavitation may decrease tip wetting. Controlled cavitation generation may also provide a more stable flow through the spray hole 20.
  • injector tip wetting at the outlet of the counter bore 28 is a major soot contributor.
  • a surface feature is added to the outlet 24 that reduces the surface area immediately around the counter bore edge (Fig. 6).
  • the surface feature may be a protrusion 32 that encircles the counter bore edge and protrudes in the direction of fluid flow.
  • a radially outward surface 34 of the protrusion 32 is beveled.
  • a thickness of the protrusion 32 is minimum at the protrusion terminal end 36 and maximum at the nozzle outward facing surface 8.
  • the inner surface 38 of the protrusion 32 is flush with, and provides an extension of, the spray hole outlet 24 and passageway inner surface 26.
  • the protrusion 32 has a right triangular cross-sectional profile. [0025] By providing this protrusion 32, the growth of a fuel ring (Fig. 9) around the spray hole outlet 24 is minimized, and the spreading/drying is maximized. Advantageously, tip wetting can be minimized without interfering with any other spray parameters.
  • the shape of the feature i.e., the protrusion 32
  • FIG. 10 Another contributor to tip wetting is due to the interaction between the fuel spray and outlet edge 24.
  • this interaction may be reduced/eliminated and tip wetting can be further minimized.
  • the spray hole having a gradual outlet curvature may be combined with large radius at the spray hole inlet 22.
  • the radius of the outlet curvature may be the same as the radius of the inlet curvature (shown). In other embodiments, the radius of the outlet curvature may be the different from the radius of the inlet curvature (not shown).
  • the particular shape of the spray hole inlet and outlet curvatures may be optimized to minimize flow rate reduction and/or potential clogging issues.
  • the angular momentum of fluid passing through the spray hole 20 may be increased by either altering the fuel path to the spray hole outlet 24, or by adding channels to the spray hole passageway surface 26.
  • features including channels/grooves (not shown) or a helical protrusion 40 can be added to the surface of the spray hole passageway 26.
  • the features 40 serve to alter the fuel path through the nozzle to generate angular momentum.
  • the helical protrusion 40 has a triangular cross-sectional shape, but the helical protrusion 40 is not limited to this cross-sectional shape.
  • the helical protrusion 40 may have a rectangular cross sectional shape, a curved cross sectional shape or other appropriate shape.
  • angular momentum increasing features may be optimized to avoid a widened plume angle and avoid or minimize an increase cavitation.
  • the features described herein with respect to Figs. 4-6 and 10-12 may be used alone or in combination to control the characteristics of the fuel spray and thus reduce the engine-out emissions.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

Un injecteur de carburant comprend un boîtier d'injecteur de carburant, un siège de soupape formé au niveau d'une extrémité du boîtier d'injecteur de carburant, et un corps de soupape disposé dans le boîtier d'injecteur de carburant et permettant d'ouvrir et de fermer un trou de pulvérisation dans le siège de soupape. Le trou de pulvérisation comprend un ou plusieurs éléments de surface qui permettent le réglage du motif de pulvérisation d'injecteur de carburant et des caractéristiques de pulvérisation.
PCT/EP2018/070890 2017-08-08 2018-08-01 Buse d'injecteur de carburant WO2019030078A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US201762542602P 2017-08-08 2017-08-08
US62/542,602 2017-08-08

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2019030078A1 true WO2019030078A1 (fr) 2019-02-14

Family

ID=63103950

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2018/070890 WO2019030078A1 (fr) 2017-08-08 2018-08-01 Buse d'injecteur de carburant

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO2019030078A1 (fr)

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4200709A1 (de) * 1992-01-14 1993-07-15 Bosch Gmbh Robert Kraftstoffeinspritzduese fuer brennkraftmaschinen
US5992766A (en) * 1997-07-11 1999-11-30 Robert Bosch Gmbh Fuel injection valve
EP2009276A1 (fr) * 2007-06-26 2008-12-31 Delphi Technologies, Inc. Profilé de trou d'atomisation
DE102011077272A1 (de) * 2011-06-09 2012-12-13 Robert Bosch Gmbh Einspritzventil für Brennkraftmaschinen
WO2013178549A1 (fr) * 2012-06-01 2013-12-05 Robert Bosch Gmbh Injecteur de carburant

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4200709A1 (de) * 1992-01-14 1993-07-15 Bosch Gmbh Robert Kraftstoffeinspritzduese fuer brennkraftmaschinen
US5992766A (en) * 1997-07-11 1999-11-30 Robert Bosch Gmbh Fuel injection valve
EP2009276A1 (fr) * 2007-06-26 2008-12-31 Delphi Technologies, Inc. Profilé de trou d'atomisation
DE102011077272A1 (de) * 2011-06-09 2012-12-13 Robert Bosch Gmbh Einspritzventil für Brennkraftmaschinen
WO2013178549A1 (fr) * 2012-06-01 2013-12-05 Robert Bosch Gmbh Injecteur de carburant

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