WO2019024914A1 - 一种适用于海上平台的紧凑式天然气预处理净化方法和装置 - Google Patents

一种适用于海上平台的紧凑式天然气预处理净化方法和装置 Download PDF

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WO2019024914A1
WO2019024914A1 PCT/CN2018/098502 CN2018098502W WO2019024914A1 WO 2019024914 A1 WO2019024914 A1 WO 2019024914A1 CN 2018098502 W CN2018098502 W CN 2018098502W WO 2019024914 A1 WO2019024914 A1 WO 2019024914A1
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natural gas
gas
unit
liquid
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杨强
刘懿谦
卢浩
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East China University of Science and Technology
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
    • C10L3/00—Gaseous fuels; Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by subclass C10G, C10K; Liquefied petroleum gas
    • C10L3/06—Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by C10G, C10K3/02 or C10K3/04
    • C10L3/10—Working-up natural gas or synthetic natural gas
    • C10L3/101—Removal of contaminants
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
    • C10L3/00—Gaseous fuels; Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by subclass C10G, C10K; Liquefied petroleum gas
    • C10L3/06—Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by C10G, C10K3/02 or C10K3/04
    • C10L3/10—Working-up natural gas or synthetic natural gas
    • C10L3/101—Removal of contaminants
    • C10L3/106—Removal of contaminants of water

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  • the invention relates to a compact natural gas pretreatment purification method and device suitable for an offshore platform, which is suitable for pretreatment purification of natural gas produced on an offshore platform, and removes heavy hydrocarbons, soluble salt ions and most moisture in natural gas.
  • Natural gas is recognized as a high-quality, high-efficiency energy source in the world. It has a series of advantages such as clean and environmental protection and large reserves. It has high calorific value, convenient use, complete combustion, clean and low price. It is also a valuable chemical raw material and can produce nearly a thousand kinds of chemical industry. product. Promoting the use of natural gas not only enhances the quality of life of urban residents, but also promotes the development of local industry and commerce, and is of great significance for promoting ecological environment construction and urban transformation and revitalization. China's East China Sea and South China Sea have discovered a large amount of natural gas reserves. It can be seen that the exploitation of offshore natural gas will become a key development area in China.
  • the natural gas produced at the wellhead of the offshore platform is almost saturated with gas phase water and even carries a certain amount of liquid water.
  • the presence of moisture in natural gas often has serious consequences: natural gas containing CO2 and H2S forms acid in the presence of water to corrode pipelines and equipment; under certain conditions, natural gas hydrates are formed to block valves, pipes and equipment; Reduce pipeline capacity and cause unnecessary power consumption. Moisture is very unfavorable in natural gas, so it is necessary to remove the moisture carried in natural gas.
  • the natural gas entering the platform compressor contains liquid such as formation water, it will have a great impact on the long-term operation of the compressor.
  • the mineral salts in underground gas reservoirs will dissolve in the formation water under the conditions of high temperature and high pressure in the underground. This high mineralized water will be distributed together with natural gas in the gas reservoir space. After the gas reservoir is developed, the natural gas moves from the pores to the wellbore. In the process, the high salinity water dissolved with mineral salts is carried out by the natural gas. If the liquid removal efficiency of the ground process equipment is not high, a small amount of free will be caused. Water enters the compressor with natural gas. During the multi-stage compression process, the gas temperature rises from 38 ° C to 108 ° C.
  • the patent "A natural gas water removal equipment” (CN205893185U) introduces a utility model equipment that uses the principle of a cyclone to remove liquid from natural gas; the patent “natural gas dehydration unit” (CN105087096A) introduces a kind A complex structure that uses a water filtration membrane to remove liquid from natural gas.
  • a natural gas water removal equipment uses the cyclone principle to separate, the liquid removal efficiency is limited, the floor space is large, and the moving equipment is set in the liquid-removing component, and the operation and maintenance of the device requires a certain cost;
  • the device has a complicated structure, a large floor space, and high manufacturing cost, and is obviously not suitable for an offshore platform with a small space.
  • the present invention provides a compact natural gas pretreatment purification method and apparatus suitable for offshore platforms.
  • the wet natural gas extracted enters from the gas phase inlet, and after being processed by the compact on-line processing device (1), the gas phase flows out through the gas phase outlet to the next process;
  • step (2) When intermittently draining, the liquid removed in step (2) enters the liquid storage unit (2), and the removed liquid acts as a circulating fluid through the valve (5), the pipeline circulation pump (6), and the valve (7).
  • the valve (10) and the flow meter (11) re-enter the compact on-line processing device (1).
  • the liquid After reaching the draining time, the liquid is discharged through the liquid discharge port, and fresh fresh water is injected through the water injection port to replace the circulating liquid in the system.
  • the interval between intermittent drainage and fresh fresh water injection is 2-20 hours;
  • the liquid removed in the step (2) enters the liquid storage unit (2), and the removed liquid is used as a circulating liquid through the valve (5) and the circulation pump (6), and is divided into two paths. All the way back through the valve (7), valve (10), flow meter (11) into the compact online processing device (1), one way through the valve (8), flow meter (9) to discharge the system, while fresh fresh water through the valve (3
  • the flow meter (4) is injected into the liquid storage unit as a circulating liquid, and the water injection amount of the liquid storage unit to the compact online processing device is 0.01% to 10% (volume ratio) of the gas inlet amount of the gas phase, and the fresh liquid is injected into the liquid storage unit.
  • the amount of water is 0.01%-10% (volume ratio) of the gas inlet gas inlet, and the system displacement is 0.01%-10% (volume ratio) of the gas inlet gas inlet;
  • the processes described in the steps (1) and (2) are processed by the compact in-line processing device (1), and specifically include: the natural gas sequentially passes through the spray washing unit (1-2), and the umbrella-like gas-liquid uniform unit ( 1-3), natural gas, washing water mixed mass transfer unit (1-4), spinning unit (1-5), natural gas, washing water separation unit (1-6), the treated gas-liquid two phases go to the next a process flow;
  • the natural gas described in the step (5) passes through the unit in sequence, and the spray washing unit (1-2) sprays in the same direction as the fluid flow direction, and the droplets of the spray section are uniformly distributed, the droplet size and the droplet size.
  • the distribution density is controllable and the water injection amount is adjustable;
  • the umbrella-shaped gas-liquid uniform distribution unit (1-3) pre-distributes the mixture material, so that the gas-liquid two phases are uniformly mixed into the subsequent mixed mass transfer unit, and the umbrella-like inclination angle ⁇ 5 ° to 45 °;
  • natural gas, washing water mixed mass transfer unit (1-4) using high-efficiency mixing elements increase mixing strength, save mixing time, make gas-liquid two-phase full contact, improve washing efficiency;
  • -5) Converting the horizontal movement of the mixture into a rotary motion, using the centrifugal force to solid-line two-phase on-line rapid separation, the rotation angle of the rotor is ⁇ of 5° to 45°;
  • the compact on-line processing device (1) described in steps (1) and (2) is connected to the liquid storage unit through a pipeline, and the flow meter (4) and the valve (3) are disposed before the fresh fresh water injection port.
  • a valve (5) is arranged between the liquid storage unit and the pipeline circulation pump, and a valve (7) is arranged after the pipeline circulation pump, and the valve (7) is divided into two branches, and a valve (8) and a flow meter are arranged on the drainage branch ( 9)
  • the valve (10) and the flow meter (11) are arranged on the branch of the compact online processing device (1).
  • the natural gas operating temperature described in the step (1) is 10 to 80 ° C, containing 0.1 to 1 g/m 3 of heavy hydrocarbons, 0.01 to 1 g/m 3 of soluble salt ions, and an inlet flow rate of 2 to 40 m/s. .
  • the present invention also proposes a compact natural gas pretreatment purification apparatus for an offshore platform suitable for the above method.
  • the compact on-line processing device as the washing and separating element does not contain dynamic equipment, and relies entirely on the physical characteristics of the internal components of the device to efficiently process natural gas online, reducing energy consumption and reducing pressure drop.
  • Figure 1 is a flow chart of a compact natural gas pretreatment purification method suitable for offshore platforms
  • Figure 2 is a structural view of the internal components of the compact in-line processing apparatus
  • Figure 3 is a three-view view of an umbrella-shaped gas-liquid uniformity unit
  • Figure 4 is a three view of the spinning unit.
  • 1 compact online processing device 2 liquid storage unit; 3 water injection valve; 4 water injection flow meter;
  • FIG. 1 it mainly comprises: a compact on-line processing device 1; a liquid storage unit 2; a water injection valve 3; a water injection port flow meter 4; a pipe circulation pump front valve 5; a pipe circulation pump 6; a pipe circulation pump rear valve 7 ; drain valve 8; drain port flow meter 9; circulating liquid valve 10; circulating liquid flow meter 11.
  • the compact on-line processing device mainly comprises: a compact pipe body 1-1; a spray washing unit 1-2; an umbrella gas-liquid homogenizing unit 1-3; a natural gas and a washing water mixed mass transfer unit 1- 4; spinning unit 1-5; natural gas, washing water separation unit 1-6.
  • FIG. 3 is a three-view view of an umbrella-shaped gas-liquid uniformity unit, the basic structure of which is an even-opening small hole in an umbrella-like structure, and the umbrella-shaped inclination angle, the aperture and the number of openings are determined according to actual working conditions;
  • Fig. 4 is a three-view view of the spinning unit, and the angle of rotation of the fins is determined according to actual working conditions.
  • the natural gas flow rate is 1900m 3 /h under the operating conditions, and the 14-inch pipe is used as the compact pipe body (1-1).
  • the front and the rear are connected by flanges and the original pipeline.
  • the spray washing unit (1-2) is away from the natural gas.
  • the compact online processing device (1) is connected to the liquid storage unit through a pipeline, and the flow meter (4) and the valve (3) are arranged in front of the fresh fresh water injection port, and a valve is arranged between the liquid storage unit and the pipeline circulation pump (5) ), after the pipeline circulation pump is set the valve (7), the valve (7) is divided into two branches, the valve (8) and the flow meter (9) are arranged on the drainage branch, and the branch of the compact online processing device (1) is inserted. Set the valve (10) and flow meter (11) on the road.
  • the liquid removed by the compact in-line processing device (1) enters the liquid storage unit (2), and the removed liquid acts as a circulating fluid through the valve (5), the pipeline circulation pump (6), and the valve (7).
  • the valve (10) and the flow meter (11) re-enter the compact online processing device (1).
  • the liquid is discharged from the liquid discharge port through the valve (8) and the flow meter (9), and the fresh liquid water is injected through the valve (3) and the flow meter (4) through the water injection port to replace the circulating liquid in the system.
  • the interval between intermittent drainage and fresh fresh water injection is 10 hours.

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  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Gas Separation By Absorption (AREA)

Abstract

一种适用于海上平台的紧凑式天然气预处理净化方法和装置，适用于海上平台采出天然气的预处理净化，脱除天然气中的重烃、可溶性盐离子、大部分水分。开采出的天然气从气相入口进入，依次经喷雾洗涤单元，气液均布单元，天然气、洗涤水混合传质单元，造旋单元，天然气、洗涤水分离单元后从气相出口流出。脱除的液体进入储液单元。新鲜淡水经储液单元通过管道循环泵注入喷雾洗涤单元喷出。经过该方法处理的天然气，脱除了原湿天然气中的可溶性盐离子及大部分水分。该紧凑式预处理方法起到了在空间狭小的海上平台上对天然气进行在线处理，快速脱除杂质及液体的作用。

Description

一种适用于海上平台的紧凑式天然气预处理净化方法和装置 技术领域
本发明涉及一种适用于海上平台的紧凑式天然气预处理净化方法和装置，适用于海上平台采出天然气的预处理净化，脱除天然气中的重烃、可溶性盐离子、大部分水分。
背景技术
天然气是世界公认的优质、高效能源，具有清洁环保、储量大等一系列优点，而且其热值高、使用方便、燃烧完全、干净、价格便宜，还是宝贵的化工原料，可以生产近千种化工产品。推广天然气的使用，不仅能提升城市居民的生活品质，也能促进地方工商业的发展，对推动生态环境建设和城市转型振兴具有重要意义。我国东海、南海均发现了大量天然气储备，可见日后海上天然气的开采必将成为一个我国重点发展的领域。
海上平台井口采出的天然气几乎都为气相水所饱和，甚至会携带一定量的液态水。天然气中水分的存在往往会造成严重的后果：含有CO2和H2S的天然气在有水存在的情况下形成酸而腐蚀管路和设备；在一定条件下形成天然气水合物而堵塞阀门、管道和设备；降低管道输送能力，造成不必要的动力消耗。水分在天然气中存在非常不利，因此，需要脱除天然气中携带的水分。
此外，进入平台压缩机的天然气若含地层水等液体，会对压缩机的长期运行产生极大的影响。地下气藏中的矿物盐在地底高温高压的条件下，会溶于地层水，这种高矿化水会与天然气共同分布于气藏空隙中。气藏开发后，天然气从孔隙中不断向井筒运动，在此过程中溶解有矿物盐的高矿化度水被天然气携带出地面，若地面工艺流程设备除液效率不高，就会导致少量游离水随天然气进入了压缩机，在多级压缩过程中，气体温度从38℃升高到108℃，在高温条件下水分不断蒸发，随着水分的减少，溶有矿物盐的水溶液达到过饱和状态，最终矿物盐以结晶体析出，附着在压缩机转子的叶轮表面，形成盐垢，并呈现不规则分布，使压缩机的动平衡状态遭到破坏，发生偏心，随着盐垢越聚越多，偏心越来越严重，由于偏心产生的振动越来越高，最终导致压缩机关停，严重影响正常生产。因此， 为了保证平台上压缩机长期高效稳定运行，将天然气中夹带的可溶性盐及液体高效脱除显得极为重要。
专利《一种天然气除水设备》(CN205893185U)，介绍了一种实用新型设备，使用旋流器的原理对天然气中的液体进行脱除；专利《天然气脱水装置》(CN105087096A)，介绍了一种结构复杂的，采用滤水膜对天然气中液体进行脱除的装置。以上专利，《一种天然气除水设备》利用旋流器原理分离，脱液效率有限，占地面积较大，且在脱液元件内设置了动设备，装置运行维护需要一定成本；《天然气脱水装置》结构复杂，占地面积大，制造成本高，明显不适用于空间狭小的海上平台。最主要的，以上两个专利均是对现有天然气中的液体进行脱除，并为除去天然气中夹带的可溶性盐，最后未除去的液体中仍还有大量的可溶性盐，这部分液体附着在压缩机叶轮上，可溶性盐析出后对压缩机的长期稳定运行有巨大的影响。
发明内容
鉴于以上问题，本发明提供了一种适用于海上平台的紧凑式天然气预处理净化方法和装置。
具体的技术方案如下：
一种适用于海上平台的紧凑式天然气预处理净化方法，包括如下步骤：
(1)开采的湿天然气由气相入口进入，经过紧凑式在线处理装置(1)处理后，气相经气相出口流出进入下一步工艺；
(2)开采的湿天然气由气相入口进入，经过紧凑式在线处理装置(1)处理后，脱除的液体进入储液单元(2)；
(3)当间歇排液时，步骤(2)中脱除的液体进入储液单元(2)，脱除的液体作为循环液经过阀门(5)、管道循环泵(6)、阀门(7)、阀门(10)、流量计(11)重新进入紧凑式在线处理装置(1)，到达排液时间后，通过排液口排出液体，同时通过注水口注入新鲜淡水，对系统内循环液进行更换，间歇排液和注入新鲜淡水的时间间隔为2-20小时；
(4)当连续排液时，步骤(2)中脱除的液体进入储液单元(2)，脱除的液体作为循环液经过阀门(5)、管道循环泵(6)后分两路，一路经由阀门(7)、阀门(10)、流量计(11)重新进入紧凑式在线处理装置(1)，一路经由阀门(8)、 流量计(9)排出系统，同时新鲜淡水通过阀门(3)、流量计(4)注入储液单元作为循环液，储液单元向紧凑式在线处理装置的注水量为气相入口进气量的0.01％～10％(体积比)，向储液单元注入新鲜水量为气相入口进气量的0.01％～10％(体积比)，系统排水量为气相入口进气量的0.01％～10％(体积比)；
(5)步骤(1)、(2)中所述的，经过紧凑式在线处理装置(1)处理，具体包括，天然气依次通过喷雾洗涤单元(1-2)，伞状气液均布单元(1-3)，天然气、洗涤水混合传质单元(1-4)，造旋单元(1-5)，天然气、洗涤水分离单元(1-6)，处理后的气液两相分别前往下一工艺流程；
(6)步骤(5)中所述的天然气依次经过单元，喷雾洗涤单元(1-2)采用与流体流向相同的方向喷淋，喷淋截面的液滴均匀分布，液滴粒径、液滴分布密度可控，注水量均可调；伞状气液均布单元(1-3)对混合物料进行预分布，使气液两相均匀混合进入后续混合传质单元，其伞状倾斜角度α为5°到45°；天然气、洗涤水混合传质单元(1-4)采用高效混合元件，增加混合强度，节省混合时间，使气液两相充分接触，提高洗涤效率；造旋单元(1-5)将混合物料的水平运动转化为旋转运动，利用离心力实线气液两相的在线快速分离，其造旋翅片造旋角θ为5°到45°；天然气、洗涤水分离单元(1-6)利用经过造旋单元后的气液两相在管线中的位置不同，将气液两相分离开，气体由气相出口进入后续工艺流程，液体排入储液单元；
(7)步骤(6)中所述各单元之间相对位置关系及尺寸为：喷雾洗涤单元(1-2)距天然气入口距离L1＝0.5-3D，喷雾洗涤单元(1-2)距伞状气液均布单元(1-3)距离L2＝1-2D，伞状气液均布单元(1-3)距天然气、洗涤水混合传质单元(1-4)距离L3＝0.5-2D，天然气、洗涤水混合传质单元(1-4)长度L4＝1-4D，天然气、洗涤水混合传质单元(1-4)距造旋单元(1-5)距离L5＝0.5-2D，造旋单元(1-5)长度L6＝0.5-2D，造旋单元(1-5)距天然气、洗涤水分离单元(1-6)距离L7＝1-4D，天然气、洗涤水分离单元(1-6)长度L8＝1-4D；
(7)步骤(1)、(2)所述的紧凑式在线处理装置(1)与储液单元之间通过管线连接，在新鲜淡水注入口前设置流量计(4)与阀门(3)，在储液单元与管道循环泵之间设置阀门(5)，在管道循环泵后设置阀门(7)，阀门(7)后分两支路，排液支路上设置阀门(8)与流量计(9)，进紧凑式在线处理装置(1)的 支路上设置阀门(10)与流量计(11)。
(8)步骤(1)中所述的天然气操作温度为10～80℃，含重烃0.1～1g/m 3，含可溶性盐离子0.01～1g/m 3，其进口流速为2-40m/s。
本发明还提出了一种适用于上述方法的海上平台的紧凑式天然气预处理净化装置。
本发明的有益效果在于：
(1)采用紧凑式在线处理装置对天然气进行在线处理，该方法使用设备占地面积小，适合受空间和重量限制的场合使用，有效解决了海上平台空间狭小的问题；
(2)采用喷雾洗涤单元使用不含盐或含盐浓度极低的水对天然气进行洗涤，有效去除了天然气中夹带的可溶性盐离子，保障了压缩机的高效稳定运转；(3)采用造旋单元与天然气、洗涤水分离单元，实现了天然气中液体的在线快速脱除，降低了天然气中的含水量；
(4)作为洗涤分离元件的紧凑式在线处理装置不含动设备，完全依靠装置内构件的物理特性对天然气进行在线高效处理，降低了能耗，减小了压降。
附图说明
图1是一种适用于海上平台的紧凑式天然气预处理净化方法的流程图；
图2是紧凑式在线处理装置的内部构件结构图；
图3是伞状气液均布单元的三视图；
图4是造旋单元的三视图。
符号说明：
1紧凑式在线处理装置；2储液单元；3注水阀；4注水口流量计；
5管道循环泵前阀；6管道循环泵；7管道循环泵后阀；8排液阀；
9排液口流量计；10循环液阀；11循环液流量计
1-1紧凑式管体；1-2喷雾洗涤单元；1-3伞状气液均布单元；
1-4天然气、洗涤水混合传质单元；1-5造旋单元；
1-6天然气、洗涤水分离单元。
具体实施方式
下面，通过实施例对本发明进行具体描述。有必要在此指出的是，以下实施 例只用于对本发明作进一步说明，不能理解为对本发明保护范围的限制，该领域的专业技术人员根据本发明的内容作出的一些非本质的改进和调整，仍属于本发明的保护范围。
实施例1
本申请的发明人经过广泛而深入的研究后发现，对于空间狭小、对体积质量要求严格的海上平台，针对天然气的脱液处理问题，紧凑高效的在线处理具有最大的性价比。同时，单纯的脱液并不能完全解决后续流程中压缩机结垢导致偏心甚至停机的问题。因此对于海上平台的天然气进行预处理除了要脱除天然气中的液体外，还需要对天然气中的可溶性盐离子进行最大限度的脱除。基于研究，设计了一种适用于海上平台的紧凑式天然气预处理净化方法，使用紧凑式在线处理装置作为核心设备，通过设计紧凑式在线处理装置内部各单元的物理结构，做到对天然气中可溶性盐离子及液体的在线高效脱除，在空间受到限制的条件下，在线完成高效脱液除盐。基于上述内容，本发明得以完成。
如图1所示，其主要包括：紧凑式在线处理装置1；储液单元2；注水阀3；注水口流量计4；管道循环泵前阀5；管道循环泵6；管道循环泵后阀7；排液阀8；排液口流量计9；循环液阀10；循环液流量计11。
如图2所示，紧凑式在线处理装置主要包括：紧凑式管体1-1；喷雾洗涤单元1-2；伞状气液均布单元1-3；天然气、洗涤水混合传质单元1-4；造旋单元1-5；天然气、洗涤水分离单元1-6。
图3是伞状气液均布单元的三视图，其基本结构为伞状结构上开均布小孔，其伞状倾斜角度、孔径和开孔数量根据实际工况确定；
图4是造旋单元的三视图，其造旋翅片造旋角度根据实际工况确定。
某气田在操作条件下天然气流量为1900m 3/h，采用14寸管作为紧凑式管体(1-1)，前后均采用法兰与原管线进行连接，喷雾洗涤单元(1-2)距天然气入口距离L1＝D，喷雾洗涤单元(1-2)距伞状气液均布单元(1-3)距离L2＝1.5D，伞状气液均布单元(1-3)距天然气、洗涤水混合传质单元(1-4)距离L3＝D，天然气、洗涤水混合传质单元(1-4)长度L4＝2.5D，天然气、洗涤水混合传质单元(1-4)距造旋单元(1-5)距离L5＝D，造旋单元(1-5)长度L6＝1.5D，造旋单元(1-5)距天然气、洗涤水分离单元(1-6)距离L7＝2D，天然气、洗涤水 分离单元(1-6)长度L8＝3D，伞状气液均布单元(1-3)伞状倾斜角度α为25°，造旋单元(1-5)，其造旋翅片造旋角θ为30°，进口流速为6m/s。
紧凑式在线处理装置(1)与储液单元之间通过管线连接，在新鲜淡水注入口前设置流量计(4)与阀门(3)，在储液单元与管道循环泵之间设置阀门(5)，在管道循环泵后设置阀门(7)，阀门(7)后分两支路，排液支路上设置阀门(8)与流量计(9)，进紧凑式在线处理装置(1)的支路上设置阀门(10)与流量计(11)。
采用间歇排液，经紧凑式在线处理装置(1)脱除的液体进入储液单元(2)，脱除的液体作为循环液经过阀门(5)、管道循环泵(6)、阀门(7)、阀门(10)、流量计(11)重新进入紧凑式在线处理装置(1)。到达排液时间后，通过阀门(8)、流量计(9)从排液口排出液体，同时通过注水口经由阀门(3)、流量计(4)注入新鲜淡水，对系统内循环液进行更换，间歇排液和注入新鲜淡水的时间间隔为10小时。
采用该方法前，该气田原有进口涤气罐并不能满足分离需求，且该气田地层水中含可溶性盐与其它气田相比明显偏高，天然气中夹带了大量的可溶性盐离子，基本每4-5个月便会导致压缩机叶轮结垢严重，使转子平衡发生破坏，形成偏心，转子在高速转动下的不平衡使压缩机发生严重震动最后导致关停。将压缩机送回厂家进行解体清理叶轮结构物维修周期为3个月，极大影响气田的稳定生产，气田只能通过设置多组备用压缩机，在多组压缩机间切换进行生产，保证气田正常生产，这使平台上总是有压缩机处在维修状态，不仅加大了日常生产维修的工作量，同时还有极高的维修成本。
在使用本方法后，压缩机叶轮结垢现象得到了明显的缓解，稳定运行半年后无明显结垢现象，运行9-10个月后压缩机震动出现轻微上升趋势，但仍在允许范围内。说明该方法对维持压缩机的高效稳定运行有显著作用，可以明显延长压缩机运行周期。

Claims (9)

  1. 一种适用于海上平台的紧凑式天然气预处理净化方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
    (1)开采的湿天然气由气相入口进入，经过紧凑式在线处理装置(1)处理后，气相经气相出口流出进入下一步工艺，脱除的液体进入储液单元(2)；
    (2)开采的湿天然气由气相入口进入，经过紧凑式在线处理装置(1)处理后，脱除的液体进入储液单元(2)；
    (3)步骤(2)中所述的储液单元(2)主要含2个入口和1个出口并在储液单元罐体上加装液位计，入口分别为经紧凑式在线处理装置处理后脱除的液体进入储液单元的入口和注入新鲜淡水的入口，出口为进入管道循环泵(6)的出口；
    (4)步骤(3)中管道循环泵(6)后分两支路：一路为排液口的支路，一路为注入紧凑式在线处理装置的支路。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种适用于海上平台的紧凑式天然气预处理净化方法，其特征在于，所述天然气操作温度为10～80℃，含重烃0.1～1g/m 3，含可溶性盐离子0.01～1g/m 3。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种适用于海上平台的紧凑式天然气预处理净化方法，其特征在于，该方法压降在5～15kPa范围内。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的一种适用于海上平台的紧凑式天然气预处理净化方法，其特征在于，进入紧凑式在线处理装置(1)的入口气速为2～40m/s。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的一种适用于海上平台的紧凑式天然气预处理净化方法，其特征在于，储液单元注入新鲜淡水、从排液口排液时可以间歇注水或排水也可连续注水或排水；当连续注水或排水时，注水量为气相入口进气量的0.01％～10％(体积比)，排水量为气相入口进气量的0.01％～10％(体积比)；当间歇注水或排水时，每次注水和排液时间间隔为2-20小时。
  6. 一种适用于海上平台的紧凑式天然气预处理净化装置，该紧凑式在线处理装置包含如下几个部分：紧凑式管体(1-1)，喷雾洗涤单元(1-2)，伞状气液均布单元(1-3)，天然气、洗涤水混合传质单元(1-4)，造旋单元(1-5)，天然气、洗涤水分离单元(1-6)。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的装置，其特征在于，所述紧凑式在线处理装置主要包含4个进出口。其中，气相入口即采出天然气入口，自储液单元来的循环水入口为2个入口。气相出口即净化气出口，脱除液相出口为2个出口。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的装置，其特征在于：所述的紧凑式管体(1-1)为整个装置内构件提供支撑，同时作为流体流动的通道，其直径为D；所述的喷雾洗涤单元(1-2)采用与流体流向相同的方向喷淋，喷淋截面的液滴均匀分布，液滴粒径、液滴分布密度可控，注水量均可调；所述的伞状气液均布单元(1-3)对混合物料进行预分布，使气液两相均匀混合进入后续混合传质单元，其伞状倾斜角度α为5°到45°；所述的天然气、洗涤水混合传质单元(1-4)采用高效混合元件，增加混合强度，节省混合时间，使气液两相充分接触，提高洗涤效率；所述的造旋单元(1-5)将混合物料的水平运动转化为旋转运动，利用离心力实线气液两相的在线快速分离，其造旋翅片造旋角θ为5°到45°；所述的天然气、洗涤水分离单元(1-6)利用经过造旋单元后的气液两相在管线中的位置不同，将气液两相分离开，气体由气相出口进入后续工艺流程，液体排入储液单元。
  9. 权利要求8所述的装置，其特征在于，喷雾洗涤单元(1-2)距天然气入口距离L1＝0.5-3D，喷雾洗涤单元(1-2)距伞状气液均布单元(1-3)前端距离L2＝1-2D，伞状气液均布单元(1-3)后端距天然气、洗涤水混合传质单元(1-4)前端距离L3＝0.5-2D，天然气、洗涤水混合传质单元(1-4)长度L4＝1-4D，天然气、洗涤水混合传质单元(1-4)后端距造旋单元(1-5)前端距离L5＝0.5-2D，造旋单元(1-5)长度L6＝0.5-2D，造旋单元(1-5)后端距天然气、洗涤水分离单元(1-6)入口距离L7＝1-4D，天然气、洗涤水分离单元(1-6)长度L8＝1-4D。
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