WO2019024732A1 - 用于发声装置的振膜以及发声装置 - Google Patents

用于发声装置的振膜以及发声装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019024732A1
WO2019024732A1 PCT/CN2018/096974 CN2018096974W WO2019024732A1 WO 2019024732 A1 WO2019024732 A1 WO 2019024732A1 CN 2018096974 W CN2018096974 W CN 2018096974W WO 2019024732 A1 WO2019024732 A1 WO 2019024732A1
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Prior art keywords
film layer
tpsiu
layer
diaphragm
damping rubber
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PCT/CN2018/096974
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
闫付臻
吴增勋
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歌尔股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2019024732A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019024732A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R7/00—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones
    • H04R7/02—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones characterised by the construction
    • H04R7/12—Non-planar diaphragms or cones
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/02—Details
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/06—Loudspeakers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2207/00—Details of diaphragms or cones for electromechanical transducers or their suspension covered by H04R7/00 but not provided for in H04R7/00 or in H04R2307/00
    • H04R2207/021—Diaphragm extensions, not necessarily integrally formed, e.g. skirts, rims, flanges
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2400/00—Loudspeakers
    • H04R2400/11—Aspects regarding the frame of loudspeaker transducers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of electroacoustic conversion technology, and more particularly to a diaphragm for a sounding device and a sounding device.
  • the operating power requirements of the speaker are getting higher and higher, and the running time is required to be longer and longer, which requires the diaphragm to withstand higher temperatures and not easily break when subjected to large power vibration.
  • the high temperature resistance and tear resistance of the existing diaphragm cannot meet the requirements of acoustics and reliability.
  • the speaker waterproof performance requirements are getting higher and higher, which requires the diaphragm to have better resilience.
  • the resilience of the existing diaphragm has certain limitations, and it is difficult to meet the high waterproof requirement.
  • the speaker uses a variety of glues during the assembly process, which requires the diaphragm to have better chemical resistance.
  • the chemical resistance of existing diaphragms does not meet this need.
  • a diaphragm for a sounding device comprising a center portion, a loop portion provided around the center portion, and a fixing portion provided around the loop portion, the center portion At least one of the folded portion and the fixed portion includes a TPSiU film layer made of TPSiU.
  • the diaphragm comprises a first film layer and a second film layer, the first film layer and the second film layer are compounded together, and the second film layer is made of engineering plastic.
  • the first film layer is the TPSiU film layer.
  • the diaphragm comprises a first film layer, a second film layer and a third film layer, the second film layer being located between the first film layer and the third film layer, and three The film layers are compounded together;
  • the first film layer is the TPSiU film layer
  • the third film layer is made of engineering plastic
  • the second film layer is a damping rubber layer
  • the first film layer and the third film layer are the TPSiU film layer, and the second film layer is a damping rubber layer; or
  • the first film layer and the third film layer are the TPSiU film layer, and the second film layer is made of engineering plastic; or
  • the first film layer and the third film layer are the TPSiU film layer, and the second film layer is made of a common thermoplastic elastomer.
  • the diaphragm includes a first film layer, a second film layer, a third film layer, and a fourth film layer, the first film layer, the second film layer, the third film layer, and The fourth film layer is sequentially arranged and compounded together;
  • the first film layer is the TPSiU film layer
  • the second film layer is a damping rubber layer
  • the third film layer is made of a common thermoplastic elastomer
  • the fourth film layer is made of engineering plastics. Cheng; or
  • the first film layer and the third film layer are the TPSiU film layer, the second film layer is a damping rubber layer, and the fourth film layer is made of engineering plastic; or
  • the first film layer and the fourth film layer are the TPSiU film layer, the second film layer is a damping rubber layer; and the third film layer is made of an engineering plastic or a common thermoplastic elastomer.
  • the diaphragm includes a first film layer, a second film layer, a third film layer, a fourth film layer, and a fifth film layer, the first film layer, the second film layer, and the The third film layer, the fourth film layer and the fifth film layer are sequentially arranged and compounded together;
  • the first film layer and the fifth film layer are made of engineering plastics, the second film layer and the fourth film layer are the TPSiU film layer, and the third film layer is a damping rubber layer ;or
  • the first film layer, the third film layer, and the fifth film layer are the TPSiU film layers, and the second film layer and the fourth film layer are damping rubber layers; or
  • the first film layer and the fifth film layer are the TPSiU film layer, the second film layer and the fourth film layer are damping rubber layers, and the third film layer is made of engineering plastic or ordinary thermoplastic Made of elastomer; or
  • the first film layer and the fifth film layer are made of engineering plastics, the second film layer and the fourth film layer are damping rubber layers, and the third film layer is the TPSiU film layer .
  • the diaphragm comprises a film layer made of engineering plastics selected from the group consisting of polyetheretherketone, polyarylate, polyetherimide, polyimide, polyphenylene sulfide, Any one of polyethylene naphthalate and polyethylene terephthalate.
  • the diaphragm comprises a film layer made of a common thermoplastic elastomer selected from the group consisting of a styrene elastomer, an olefin elastomer, a diene elastomer, and a vinyl chloride elastomer. Any one of a body, a urethane elastomer, an ester elastomer, an amide elastomer, an organic fluorine-based elastomer, a silicone-based elastomer, and an ethylene-based elastomer.
  • a common thermoplastic elastomer selected from the group consisting of a styrene elastomer, an olefin elastomer, a diene elastomer, and a vinyl chloride elastomer. Any one of a body, a urethane elastomer, an ester elastomer, an amide elast
  • the diaphragm comprises a damping rubber layer
  • the damping rubber layer is made of any one of an acrylic damping rubber, a silicone damping rubber, a polyurethane damping rubber and an epoxy damping rubber.
  • the TPSiU film layer has a thickness of 2-100 ⁇ m.
  • a sounding device includes the diaphragm provided by the present invention.
  • the inventors of the present invention have found that in the prior art, in a microspeaker, a composite material of a general polyurethane (TPU) thermoplastic elastomer, an engineering plastic, and a film is generally used as a diaphragm.
  • the diaphragm is inferior in temperature resistance, water repellency, and chemical resistance. Therefore, the technical task to be achieved by the present invention or the technical problem to be solved is not thought of or expected by those skilled in the art, so the present invention is a new technical solution.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a diaphragm in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a portion of a single film diaphragm in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG 3 is a cross-sectional view of a portion of a dual film diaphragm in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIGS. 4-5 are cross-sectional views of a portion of a three-membrane diaphragm in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 6-9 are cross-sectional views of a portion of a four-membrane diaphragm in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 10-14 are cross-sectional views of a portion of a five-membrane diaphragm in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • a diaphragm for a sounding device includes a center portion 16, a loop portion 17 provided around the center portion 16, and a fixing portion 18 provided around the loop portion 17.
  • at least one of the central portion 16, the folded portion 17 and the fixed portion 18 includes a TPSiU film layer made of TPSiU.
  • TPSiU thermoplastic polyurethane silicone elastomer
  • TPU thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer
  • TPEE thermoplastic polyester elastomer
  • the introduction of Si-O in the TPSiU material increases the overall resilience of the diaphragm and reduces the surface energy, which improves the hydrophobicity of the diaphragm to meet the speaker. Waterproof requirements.
  • diaphragms made of thermoplastic elastomers such as TPU and TPEE are easily corroded by glue during assembly of the product, causing problems such as poor bonding, curling, and film rupture.
  • TPSiU materials have good chemical resistance, can increase the choice of binder, reduce product defects caused by chemical corrosion, and improve the reliability and yield of the diaphragm.
  • the TPSiU material has high mechanical strength and adhesion, and is a thermoplastic material, which can meet the structural design requirements of the diaphragm.
  • At least one of the central portion 16, the folded portion 17, and the fixed portion 18 of the diaphragm includes a layer of TPSiU film. This allows the diaphragm to have a wide temperature range, good resilience and chemical resistance, good water resistance and good mechanical strength and adhesion.
  • the diaphragm combines the advantages of the conventional thermoplastic elastomer and the silicone elastomer, thereby effectively improving the temperature resistance, water repellency, chemical resistance and the like of the sounding device, and improving the overall performance of the sounding device.
  • first film layer means starting from one side of the diaphragm to another The number of layers arranged side by side.
  • 1 is a cross-sectional view of a diaphragm in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 2 is a cross-sectional view of a portion of a single film diaphragm in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the diaphragm is a single-film layer structure, that is, the TPSiU film layer is used as a diaphragm alone.
  • the central portion 16, the folded portion 17, and the fixed portion 18 of the diaphragm are of unitary structure.
  • the diaphragm can be formed by tape casting.
  • the TPSiU film layer has a thickness of 2 to 100 ⁇ m. This thickness ensures that the diaphragm has high strength, temperature resistance, chemical resistance and good resilience. Preferably, the TPSiU film layer has a thickness of 20 to 100 ⁇ m.
  • the TPSiU film layer can also be used as a layer in the composite diaphragm.
  • the composite diaphragm is a diaphragm composed of a plurality of layers.
  • the TPSiU film layer can be used as the surface layer or the intermediate layer of the composite diaphragm.
  • FIG 3 is a cross-sectional view of a portion of a dual film diaphragm in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the diaphragm includes a first film layer 11 and a second film layer 12.
  • the first film layer 11 and the second film layer 12 are compounded together.
  • the second film layer 12 is made of engineering plastic, that is, an engineering plastic film layer.
  • the first film layer 11 is a TPSiU film layer.
  • first film layer 11 and the second film layer 12 may be laminated together by thermocompression bonding.
  • Engineering plastics have the characteristics of high strength.
  • the engineering plastic is selected from the group consisting of polyetheretherketone (PEEK), polyarylate (PAR), polyetherimide (PEI), polyimide (PI), polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), polynaphthalene.
  • PEEK polyetheretherketone
  • PAR polyarylate
  • PEI polyetherimide
  • PI polyimide
  • PPS polyphenylene sulfide
  • PEN ethylene glycol diester
  • PET polyethylene terephthalate
  • the TPSiU film layer has a thickness of 2 to 100 ⁇ m.
  • the TPSiU film layer has a thickness of 2 to 30 ⁇ m.
  • the double film structure can be used on at least one of the loop portion 17, the center portion 16, and the fixing portion 18.
  • the engineering plastic film layer has a thickness of from 2 to 30 ⁇ m. This thickness ensures that the diaphragm has sufficient strength.
  • the diaphragm having the composite film layer structure has the characteristics of high strength, temperature resistance, chemical resistance, water repellency, and good resilience.
  • FIGS. 4-5 are cross-sectional views of a portion of a three-membrane diaphragm in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the diaphragm includes a first film layer 11, a second film layer 12, and a third film layer 13.
  • the second film layer 12 is located between the first film layer 11 and the third film layer 13, and the three film layers 11, 12, 13 are compounded.
  • the first film layer 11 is a TPSiU film layer.
  • the third film layer 13 is made of engineering plastic.
  • the second film layer 12 is a damping rubber layer.
  • the first film layer 11 and the third film layer 13 are TPSiU film layers, and the second film layer 12 is a damping rubber layer.
  • the damping rubber layer has high damping characteristics.
  • the damping rubber layer can improve the damping of the diaphragm and reduce the noise of the sounding device.
  • the damping rubber layer is made of any one of an acrylic damping rubber, a silicone damping rubber, a polyurethane damping rubber, and an epoxy damping rubber.
  • the damping rubber layer itself is sticky, the TPSiU film layer and the engineering plastic film layer can be directly attached to the surface of the damping rubber layer during compounding. This makes the production of the diaphragm easy.
  • the first film layer 11 and the third film layer 13 are TPSiU film layers, and the second film layer 12 is made of engineering plastic.
  • the first film layer 11 and the third film layer 13 are TPSiU film layers, and the second film layer 12 is made of a common thermoplastic elastomer.
  • thermoplastic elastomers are slightly worse than those of TPSiU materials, but as a whole, the overall performance of the composite diaphragm can be improved.
  • thermoplastic elastomers form a common thermoplastic elastomer film layer.
  • the ordinary thermoplastic elastomer is selected from the group consisting of a styrene elastomer, an olefin elastomer, a diene elastomer, a vinyl chloride elastomer, a urethane elastomer, an ester elastomer, an amide elastomer, and an organic Any of a fluorine-based elastomer, a silicone-based elastomer, and an ethylene-based elastomer.
  • the TPSiU film layer and the engineering plastic film layer are the same as those in the foregoing embodiment.
  • a person skilled in the art can set the thickness of the TPSiU film layer, the damping rubber layer, the engineering plastic film layer, and the ordinary thermoplastic elastomer layer according to actual needs.
  • a three-layer structure can be used on at least one of the folded portion 17, the central portion 16, and the fixed portion 18.
  • the engineering plastic film layer has a thickness of from 2 to 30 ⁇ m. This thickness ensures that the diaphragm has sufficient strength.
  • the diaphragm having the composite film layer structure has the characteristics of high strength, temperature resistance, chemical resistance, water resistance and good resilience.
  • the diaphragm has a good damping effect and high reliability.
  • the three-layer diaphragm is not limited to the above combinations, and those skilled in the art can set them according to actual needs as long as the TPSiU film layer is included.
  • 6-9 are cross-sectional views of a portion of a four-membrane diaphragm in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the diaphragm includes a first film layer 11, a second film layer 12, a third film layer 13, and a fourth film layer 14.
  • the first film layer 11, the second film layer 12, the third film layer 13, and the fourth film layer 14 are sequentially arranged and the four film layers 11, 12, 13, 14 are compounded.
  • the first film layer 11 is a TPSiU film layer
  • the second film layer 12 is a damping rubber layer
  • the third film layer 13 is made of a common thermoplastic elastomer, that is, a common thermoplastic elastomer film layer.
  • the fourth film layer 14 is made of engineering plastic, that is, an engineering plastic film layer.
  • the first film layer 11 and the third film layer 13 are TPSiU film layers
  • the second film layer 12 is a damping rubber layer
  • the fourth film layer 14 is made of engineering plastic.
  • the first film layer 11 and the fourth film layer 14 are TPSiU film layers
  • the second film layer 12 is a damping rubber layer
  • the third film layer 13 is made of engineering plastic or ordinary thermoplastic elastomer. .
  • the strength, temperature resistance, chemical resistance and resilience of the conventional thermoplastic elastomer are slightly worse than those of the TPSiU material, but as a whole, the overall performance of the composite diaphragm can be improved.
  • the TPSiU film layer, the engineering plastic film layer, the ordinary thermoplastic elastomer film layer, and the damping rubber layer are all the same as those in the foregoing embodiment.
  • the four-layer structure can be used on at least one of the folded portion 17, the central portion 16, and the fixed portion 18.
  • the damping rubber layer has viscosity.
  • the TPSiU film layer, the engineering plastic film layer and the ordinary thermoplastic elastomer film layer can be directly bonded to the damping rubber layer.
  • the TPSiU film layer, the engineering plastic film layer and the ordinary thermoplastic elastomer film layer are composited by heat-pressure bonding.
  • the diaphragm having the composite film layer structure has the characteristics of high strength, temperature resistance, chemical resistance, water resistance and good resilience.
  • the diaphragm has a good damping effect and high reliability.
  • the four-layer diaphragm is not limited to the above combinations, and can be set by a person skilled in the art according to actual needs, as long as the TPSiU film layer is included.
  • 10-14 are cross-sectional views of a portion of a five-membrane diaphragm in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the diaphragm includes a first film layer 11, a second film layer 12, a third film layer 13, a fourth film layer 14, and a fifth film layer 15.
  • the first film layer 11, the second film layer 12, the third film layer 13, the fourth film layer 14, and the fifth film layer 15 are sequentially arranged and compounded.
  • the first film layer 11 and the fifth film layer 15 are made of engineering plastics
  • the second film layer 12 and the fourth film layer 14 are TPSiU film layers
  • the third film layer 13 is a damping rubber layer.
  • the first film layer 11, the third film layer 13, and the fifth film layer 15 are TPSiU film layers, and the second film layer 12 and the fourth film layer 14 are damping rubber layers.
  • the first film layer 11 and the fifth film layer 15 are TPSiU film layers
  • the second film layer and the fourth film layer are damping rubber layers
  • the third film layer 13 is made of engineering plastic or ordinary thermoplastic elastic. Made of body.
  • the first film layer 11 and the fifth film layer 15 are made of engineering plastics
  • the second film layer 12 and the fourth film layer 14 are damping rubber layers
  • the third film layer 13 is a TPSiU film layer.
  • the TPSiU film layer, the engineering plastic film layer, the damping rubber layer, and the ordinary thermoplastic elastomer film layer are all the same as those in the foregoing embodiment.
  • the five-layer structure can be used on at least one of the folded portion 17, the central portion 16, and the fixed portion 18.
  • the damping rubber layer has viscosity.
  • the TPSiU film layer, the engineering plastic film layer and the ordinary thermoplastic elastomer film layer can be directly bonded to the damping rubber layer.
  • the TPSiU film layer, the engineering plastic film layer and the ordinary thermoplastic elastomer film layer are composited by heat-pressure bonding.
  • the diaphragm having the composite film layer structure has the characteristics of high strength, temperature resistance, chemical resistance, water resistance and good resilience.
  • the diaphragm has a good damping effect and high reliability.
  • the composite film layer structure is not limited to the above embodiment. Those skilled in the art can set the number of layers of the film layer and the thickness of each film layer according to actual needs.
  • a sound emitting device is provided.
  • the sounding device includes the diaphragm provided by the present invention.
  • the sounding device has the characteristics of temperature resistance, water resistance, chemical resistance, and reliability.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Diaphragms For Electromechanical Transducers (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种用于发声装置的振膜。该振膜包括中心部、围绕中心部设置的折环部以及围绕折环部设置的固定部，所述中心部、所述折环部和所述固定部中的至少一个包括由TPSiU制作而成的TPSiU膜层。该振膜具有强度高、耐温性、耐化学腐蚀、防水性能以及回弹性良好的特点。

Description

用于发声装置的振膜以及发声装置 技术领域
本发明涉及电声转换技术领域，更具体地，涉及一种用于发声装置的振膜以及发声装置。
背景技术
目前，在微型扬声器中，生产商普遍使用普通聚氨酯类(TPU)热塑性弹性体、工程塑料和胶膜的复合材料作为振膜。但随着声学产品市场需求的不断发展，用户对扬声器声学性能及可靠性提出了更高的要求。
例如，扬声器的运转功率要求越来越高，运转时间要求越来越长，这需要振膜能够承受更高的温度且在大的功率振动时不容易破裂。而现有振膜的耐高温、耐撕裂等性能不能满足声学以及可靠性的要求。
此外，扬声器的全球化使用，需要扬声器具有较好的耐低温性能。而普通热塑性弹性体振膜的耐低温性能不能满足需求。
此外，扬声器防水性能要求越来越高，这需要振膜具有较好的回弹性。而现有振膜的回弹性有一定局限性，很难满足高防水要求。
此外，扬声器在组装过程中使用多种胶水，这需要振膜具有较好的耐化学性。而现有的振膜的耐化学性不能满足这种需求。
发明内容
本发明的一个目的是提供一种用于发声装置的振膜的新技术方案。
根据本发明的第一方面，提供了一种用于发声装置的振膜，所述振膜包括中心部、围绕中心部设置的折环部以及围绕折环部设置的固定部，所述中心部、所述折环部和所述固定部中的至少一个包括由TPSiU制作而成的TPSiU膜层。
可选地，所述振膜包括第一膜层和第二膜层，所述第一膜层和所述第 二膜层复合在一起，所述第二膜层由工程塑料制作而成，所述第一膜层为所述TPSiU膜层。
可选地，所述振膜包括第一膜层、第二膜层和第三膜层，所述第二膜层位于所述第一膜层和所述第三膜层之间，并且三个膜层复合在一起；
所述第一膜层为所述TPSiU膜层，所述第三膜层由工程塑料制作而成，所述第二膜层为阻尼胶层；或者
所述第一膜层和所述第三膜层为所述TPSiU膜层，所述第二膜层为阻尼胶层；或者
所述第一膜层和所述第三膜层为所述TPSiU膜层，所述第二膜层由工程塑料制作而成；或者
所述第一膜层和所述第三膜层为所述TPSiU膜层，所述第二膜层由普通热塑性弹性体制作而成。
可选地，所述振膜包括第一膜层、第二膜层、第三膜层和第四膜层，所述第一膜层、所述第二膜层、所述第三膜层和所述第四膜层依次排列并且复合在一起；
所述第一膜层为所述TPSiU膜层，所述第二膜层为阻尼胶层，所述第三膜层由普通热塑性弹性体制作而成，所述第四膜层由工程塑料制作而成；或者
所述第一膜层和所述第三膜层为所述TPSiU膜层，所述第二膜层为阻尼胶层，所述第四膜层由工程塑料制作而成；或者
所述第一膜层和所述第四膜层为所述TPSiU膜层，所述第二膜层为阻尼胶层；所述第三膜层由工程塑料或者普通热塑性弹性体制作而成。
可选地，所述振膜包括第一膜层、第二膜层、第三膜层、第四膜层和第五膜层，所述第一膜层、所述第二膜层、所述第三膜层、所述第四膜层和所述第五膜层依次排列并且复合在一起；
所述第一膜层和所述第五膜层由工程塑料制作而成，所述第二膜层和所述第四膜层为所述TPSiU膜层，所述第三膜层为阻尼胶层；或者
所述第一膜层、所述第三膜层和所述第五膜层为所述TPSiU膜层，所述第二膜层和所述第四膜层为阻尼胶层；或者
所述第一膜层、所述第五膜层为所述TPSiU膜层，所述第二膜层和所述第四膜层为阻尼胶层，所述第三膜层由工程塑料或者普通热塑性弹性体制作而成；或者
所述第一膜层和所述第五膜层由工程塑料制作而成，所述第二膜层和所述第四膜层为阻尼胶层，所述第三膜层为所述TPSiU膜层。
可选地，所述振膜包括由工程塑料制作而成的膜层，所述工程塑料选自聚醚醚酮、聚芳酯、聚醚酰亚胺、聚酰亚胺、聚苯硫醚、聚萘二甲酸乙二醇酯和聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯中的任意一种。
可选地，所述振膜包括由普通热塑性弹性体制作而成的膜层，所述普通热塑性弹性体选自苯乙烯类弹性体、烯烃类弹性体、双烯类弹性体、氯乙烯类弹性体、氨酯类弹性体、酯类弹性体、酰胺类弹性体、有机氟类弹性体、有机硅类弹性体和乙烯类弹性体中的任意一种。
可选地，所述振膜包括阻尼胶层，所述阻尼胶层由丙烯酸类阻尼胶、有机硅类阻尼胶、聚氨酯类阻尼胶和环氧类阻尼胶中的任意一种制作而成。
可选地，所述TPSiU膜层的厚度为2-100μm。
根据本发明的另一个方面，提供了一种发声装置。该发声装置包括本发明提供的所述振膜。
本发明的发明人发现，在现有技术中，在微型扬声器中，生产商普遍使用普通聚氨酯类(TPU)热塑性弹性体、工程塑料和胶膜的复合材料作为振膜。该振膜的耐温性、防水性、耐化学性较差。因此，本发明所要实现的技术任务或者所要解决的技术问题是本领域技术人员从未想到的或者没有预期到的，故本发明是一种新的技术方案。
通过以下参照附图对本发明的示例性实施例的详细描述，本发明的其它特征及其优点将会变得清楚。
附图说明
被结合在说明书中并构成说明书的一部分的附图示出了本发明的实施例，并且连同其说明一起用于解释本发明的原理。
图1是根据本发明的一个实施例的振膜的剖视图。
图2是根据本发明的一个实施例的单膜层振膜的一部分的剖视图。
图3是根据本发明的一个实施例的双膜层振膜的一部分的剖视图。
图4-5是根据本发明的一个实施例的三膜层振膜的一部分的剖视图。
图6-9是根据本发明的一个实施例的四膜层振膜的一部分的剖视图。
图10-14是根据本发明的一个实施例的五膜层振膜的一部分的剖视图。
附图标记说明：
11：第一膜层；12：第二膜层；13：第三膜层；14：第四膜层；15：第五膜层；16：中心部；17：折环部；18：固定部。
具体实施方式
现在将参照附图来详细描述本发明的各种示例性实施例。应注意到：除非另外具体说明，否则在这些实施例中阐述的部件和步骤的相对布置、数字表达式和数值不限制本发明的范围。
以下对至少一个示例性实施例的描述实际上仅仅是说明性的，决不作为对本发明及其应用或使用的任何限制。
对于相关领域普通技术人员已知的技术、方法和设备可能不作详细讨论，但在适当情况下，所述技术、方法和设备应当被视为说明书的一部分。
在这里示出和讨论的所有例子中，任何具体值应被解释为仅仅是示例性的，而不是作为限制。因此，示例性实施例的其它例子可以具有不同的值。
应注意到：相似的标号和字母在下面的附图中表示类似项，因此，一旦某一项在一个附图中被定义，则在随后的附图中不需要对其进行进一步讨论。
根据本发明的一个实施例，提供了一种用于发声装置的振膜。该振膜包括中心部16、围绕中心部16设置的折环部17以及围绕折环部17设置的固定部18。其中，中心部16、折环部17和固定部18中的至少一个包括由TPSiU制作而成的TPSiU膜层。
TPSiU(热塑性聚氨酯有机硅弹性体)是一种由有机硅改性的热塑性聚氨酯。与传统的TPU(热塑性聚氨酯弹性体)及TPEE(热塑性聚酯弹性 体)等普通热塑性弹性体相比，TPSiU中Si-O的引入，增大了振膜的温度适用范围，提高了振膜的耐温性，这使得振膜在高温、低温环境下运行不易破膜。
此外，与传统的TPU及TPEE等普通热塑性弹性体相比，TPSiU材料中Si-O的引入，使得振膜整体的回弹性增加，且表面能降低，提高了振膜的疏水性，以满足扬声器的防水要求。
此外，TPU及TPEE等热塑性弹性体制成的振膜，在产品组装过程中，容易被胶水腐蚀，造成粘接不良、卷曲、破膜等问题。TPSiU材料具有较好的耐化学性能，能够增加粘结剂的选择范围，减小因化学腐蚀而导致的产品不良，提高了振膜的可靠性以及良率。
此外，与有机硅弹性体振膜相比，TPSiU材料具有较高的力学强度和附着力，且为热塑性材料，能够满足振膜的结构设计要求。
在本发明的实施例中，振膜的中心部16、折环部17和固定部18中的至少一个包括由TPSiU膜层。这使得振膜具有较宽的温度适用范围、良好的回弹性及耐化学性、良好的防水性能以及良好的力学强度和附着力。
此外，该振膜兼顾了常规热塑性弹性体和有机硅弹性体的优势，因而有效提高了发声装置的耐温性、防水性、耐化学性等性能，提高了发声装置的整体性能。
在以下具体示例中，“第一膜层”、“第二膜层”、“第三膜层”、“第四膜层”、“第五膜层”表示由振膜的一侧开始向另一侧顺次排列的层次数。
图1是根据本发明的一个实施例的振膜的剖视图。图2是根据本发明的一个实施例的单膜层振膜的一部分的剖视图。
如图1-2所示，该振膜为单膜层结构，即TPSiU膜层单独作为振膜。在该例子中，振膜的中心部16、折环部17和固定部18为一体结构。可以采用流延成型的方式形成该振膜。
可选地，TPSiU膜层的厚度为2-100μm。该厚度能保证振膜具有强度高、耐温性、耐化学腐蚀以及回弹性良好的特点。优选地，TPSiU膜层的厚度为20-100μm。
TPSiU膜层还可以作为复合振膜中的一层。复合振膜即由多个膜层复合而成的振膜。TPSiU膜层可以作为复合振膜的表层或者中间层。
图3是根据本发明的一个实施例的双膜层振膜的一部分的剖视图。
如图3所示，该振膜包括第一膜层11和第二膜层12。第一膜层11和第二膜层12复合在一起。第二膜层12由工程塑料制作而成，即工程塑料膜层。第一膜层11为TPSiU膜层。
在该例子中，可以采用热压贴合的方式将第一膜层11和第二膜层12复合在一起。工程塑料具有强度高的特点。
可选地，工程塑料选自聚醚醚酮(PEEK)、聚芳酯(PAR)、聚醚酰亚胺(PEI)、聚酰亚胺(PI)、聚苯硫醚(PPS)、聚萘二甲酸乙二醇酯(PEN)和聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)中的任意一种。
可选地，TPSiU膜层的厚度为2-100μm。优选地，TPSiU膜层的厚度为2-30μm。
本领域技术人员可以根据实际需要设置工程塑料膜层的厚度。双膜层结构可以用在折环部17、中心部16和固定部18中的至少一个上。
优选地，工程塑料膜层的厚度为2-30μm。该厚度能够保证振膜具有足够的强度。
具有该复合膜层结构的振膜具有强度高、耐温性、耐化学腐蚀、防水性以及回弹性良好的特点。
图4-5是根据本发明的一个实施例的三膜层振膜的一部分的剖视图。
如图4-5所示，该振膜包括第一膜层11、第二膜层12和第三膜层13。第二膜层12位于第一膜层11和第三膜层13之间，并且三个膜层11,12,13复合在一起。
在一个例子中，如图4所示，第一膜层11为TPSiU膜层。第三膜层13由工程塑料制作而成。第二膜层12为阻尼胶层。
在一个例子中，如图5所示，第一膜层11和第三膜层13为TPSiU膜层，第二膜层12为阻尼胶层。
在该两个例子中，阻尼胶层具有高的阻尼特性。阻尼胶层能提高振膜的阻尼，降低发声装置的杂音。
可选地，阻尼胶层由丙烯酸类阻尼胶、有机硅类阻尼胶、聚氨酯类阻尼胶和环氧类阻尼胶中的任意一种制作而成。
此外，由于阻尼胶层本身具有粘性，故在进行复合时，TPSiU膜层以及工程塑料膜层能够直接被贴附到阻尼胶层的表面。这使得振膜的制作变得容易。
在一个例子中，第一膜层11和第三膜层13为TPSiU膜层，第二膜层12由工程塑料制作而成。
在一个例子中，第一膜层11和第三膜层13为TPSiU膜层，第二膜层12由普通热塑性弹性体制作而成。
普通热塑性弹性体的强度、耐温性、耐化学腐蚀性以及回弹性均比TPSiU材料稍差，但作为一个整体，仍能提高复合振膜的综合性能。
普通热塑性弹性体形成普通热塑性弹性体膜层。可选地，普通热塑性弹性体选自苯乙烯类弹性体、烯烃类弹性体、双烯类弹性体、氯乙烯类弹性体、氨酯类弹性体、酯类弹性体、酰胺类弹性体、有机氟类弹性体、有机硅类弹性体和乙烯类弹性体中的任意一种。
TPSiU膜层、工程塑料膜层与前述实施例中的相同。
本领域技术人员可以根据实际需要设置TPSiU膜层、阻尼胶层、工程塑料膜层、普通热塑性弹性体层的厚度。三膜层结构可以用在折环部17、中心部16和固定部18中的至少一个上。
优选地，工程塑料膜层的厚度为2-30μm。该厚度能够保证振膜具有足够的强度。
具有该复合膜层结构的振膜具有强度高、耐温性、耐化学腐蚀、防水性能以及回弹性良好的特点。
此外，该振膜的阻尼效果良好，并且可靠性高。
三膜层振膜不限于以上几种组合，本领域技术人员可以根据实际需要进行设置，只要包含TPSiU膜层即可。
图6-9是根据本发明的一个实施例的四膜层振膜的一部分的剖视图。
如图6-9所示，该振膜包括第一膜层11、第二膜层12、第三膜层13和第四膜层14。第一膜层11、第二膜层12、第三膜层13和第四膜层14 依次排列并且四个膜层11,12,13,14复合在一起。
如图6所示，第一膜层11为TPSiU膜层，第二膜层12为阻尼胶层，第三膜层13由普通热塑性弹性体制作而成，即普通热塑性弹性体膜层。第四膜层14由工程塑料制作而成，即工程塑料膜层。
如图7所示，第一膜层11和第三膜层13为TPSiU膜层，第二膜层12为阻尼胶层，第四膜层14由工程塑料制作而成。
如图8-9所示，第一膜层11和第四膜层14为TPSiU膜层，第二膜层12为阻尼胶层，第三膜层13由工程塑料或者普通热塑性弹性体制作而成。
在上述例子中，普通热塑性弹性体的强度、耐温性、耐化学腐蚀性以及回弹性均比TPSiU材料稍差，但作为一个整体，仍能提高复合振膜的综合性能。
TPSiU膜层、工程塑料膜层、普通热塑性弹性体膜层和阻尼胶层均与前述实施例中的相同。
本领域技术人员可以根据实际需要设置TPSiU膜层、阻尼胶层、工程塑料膜层、普通热塑性弹性体膜层的厚度。四膜层结构可以用在折环部17、中心部16和固定部18中的至少一个上。
需要说明的是，阻尼胶层具有粘性。TPSiU膜层、工程塑料膜层和普通热塑性弹性体膜层可以直接与阻尼胶层贴合在一起。
TPSiU膜层、工程塑料膜层和普通热塑性弹性体膜层两两之间通过热压贴合的方式进行复合。
具有该复合膜层结构的振膜具有强度高、耐温性、耐化学腐蚀、防水性能以及回弹性良好的特点。
此外，该振膜的阻尼效果良好，并且可靠性高。
四膜层振膜不限于以上几种组合，本领域技术人员可以根据实际需要进行设置，只要包含TPSiU膜层即可。
图10-14是根据本发明的一个实施例的五膜层振膜的一部分的剖视图。
如图10-14所示，该振膜包括第一膜层11、第二膜层12、第三膜层13、第四膜层14和第五膜层15。第一膜层11、第二膜层12、第三膜层13、第四膜层14和第五膜层15依次排列并且复合在一起。
如图10所示，第一膜层11和第五膜层15由工程塑料制作而成，第二膜层12和第四膜层14为TPSiU膜层，第三膜层13为阻尼胶层。
如图11所示，第一膜层11、第三膜层13和第五膜层15为TPSiU膜层，第二膜层12和第四膜层14为阻尼胶层。
如图12-13所示，第一膜层11、第五膜层15为TPSiU膜层，第二膜层和第四膜层为阻尼胶层，第三膜层13由工程塑料或者普通热塑性弹性体制作而成。
如图14所示，第一膜层11和第五膜层15由工程塑料制作而成，第二膜层12和第四膜层14为阻尼胶层，第三膜层13为TPSiU膜层。
TPSiU膜层、工程塑料膜层、阻尼胶层和普通热塑性弹性体膜层均与前述实施例中的相同。
本领域技术人员可以根据实际需要设置TPSiU膜层、阻尼胶层、工程塑料膜层、普通热塑性弹性体膜层的厚度。五膜层结构可以用在折环部17、中心部16和固定部18中的至少一个上。
需要说明的是，阻尼胶层具有粘性。TPSiU膜层、工程塑料膜层和普通热塑性弹性体膜层可以直接与阻尼胶层贴合在一起。
TPSiU膜层、工程塑料膜层和普通热塑性弹性体膜层两两之间通过热压贴合的方式进行复合。
具有该复合膜层结构的振膜具有强度高、耐温性、耐化学腐蚀、防水性能以及回弹性良好的特点。
此外，该振膜的阻尼效果良好，并且可靠性高。
当然，复合膜层结构不限于上述实施例。本领域技术人员可以根据实际需要设置膜层的层数以及各个膜层的厚度。
根据本发明的另一个实施例，提供了一种发声装置。该发声装置包括本发明提供的振膜。
该发声装置具有耐温性、防水性、耐化学性、可靠性良好的特点。
虽然已经通过例子对本发明的一些特定实施例进行了详细说明，但是本领域的技术人员应该理解，以上例子仅是为了进行说明，而不是为了限制本发明的范围。本领域的技术人员应该理解，可在不脱离本发明的范围 和精神的情况下，对以上实施例进行修改。本发明的范围由所附权利要求来限定。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种用于发声装置的振膜，所述振膜包括中心部、围绕中心部设置的折环部以及围绕折环部设置的固定部，其特征在于，所述中心部、所述折环部和所述固定部中的至少一个包括由TPSiU制作而成的TPSiU膜层。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的振膜，其特征在于，包括第一膜层和第二膜层，所述第一膜层和所述第二膜层复合在一起，所述第二膜层由工程塑料制作而成，所述第一膜层为所述TPSiU膜层。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的振膜，其特征在于，包括第一膜层、第二膜层和第三膜层，所述第二膜层位于所述第一膜层和所述第三膜层之间，并且三个膜层复合在一起；
    所述第一膜层为所述TPSiU膜层，所述第三膜层由工程塑料制作而成，所述第二膜层为阻尼胶层；或者
    所述第一膜层和所述第三膜层为所述TPSiU膜层，所述第二膜层为阻尼胶层；或者
    所述第一膜层和所述第三膜层为所述TPSiU膜层，所述第二膜层由工程塑料制作而成；或者
    所述第一膜层和所述第三膜层为所述TPSiU膜层，所述第二膜层由普通热塑性弹性体制作而成。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3中的任意一项所述的振膜，其特征在于，包括第一膜层、第二膜层、第三膜层和第四膜层，所述第一膜层、所述第二膜层、所述第三膜层和所述第四膜层依次排列并且复合在一起；
    所述第一膜层为所述TPSiU膜层，所述第二膜层为阻尼胶层，所述第三膜层由普通热塑性弹性体制作而成，所述第四膜层由工程塑料制作而成；或者
    所述第一膜层和所述第三膜层为所述TPSiU膜层，所述第二膜层为阻 尼胶层，所述第四膜层由工程塑料制作而成；或者
    所述第一膜层和所述第四膜层为所述TPSiU膜层，所述第二膜层为阻尼胶层；所述第三膜层由工程塑料或者普通热塑性弹性体制作而成。
  5. 根据权利要求1-4中的任意一项所述的振膜，其特征在于，包括第一膜层、第二膜层、第三膜层、第四膜层和第五膜层，所述第一膜层、所述第二膜层、所述第三膜层、所述第四膜层和所述第五膜层依次排列并且复合在一起；
    所述第一膜层和所述第五膜层由工程塑料制作而成，所述第二膜层和所述第四膜层为所述TPSiU膜层，所述第三膜层为阻尼胶层；或者
    所述第一膜层、所述第三膜层和所述第五膜层为所述TPSiU膜层，所述第二膜层和所述第四膜层为阻尼胶层；或者
    所述第一膜层、所述第五膜层为所述TPSiU膜层，所述第二膜层和所述第四膜层为阻尼胶层，所述第三膜层由工程塑料或者普通热塑性弹性体制作而成；或者
    所述第一膜层和所述第五膜层由工程塑料制作而成，所述第二膜层和所述第四膜层为阻尼胶层，所述第三膜层为所述TPSiU膜层。
  6. 根据权利要求1-5中的任意一项所述的振膜，其特征在于，所述振膜包括由工程塑料制作而成的膜层，所述工程塑料选自聚醚醚酮、聚芳酯、聚醚酰亚胺、聚酰亚胺、聚苯硫醚、聚萘二甲酸乙二醇酯和聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯中的任意一种。
  7. 根据权利要求1-6中的任意一项所述的振膜，其特征在于，所述振膜包括由普通热塑性弹性体制作而成的膜层，所述普通热塑性弹性体选自苯乙烯类弹性体、烯烃类弹性体、双烯类弹性体、氯乙烯类弹性体、氨酯类弹性体、酯类弹性体、酰胺类弹性体、有机氟类弹性体、有机硅类弹性体和乙烯类弹性体中的任意一种。
  8. 根据权利要求1-7中的任意一项所述的振膜，其特征在于，所述振膜包括阻尼胶层，所述阻尼胶层由丙烯酸类阻尼胶、有机硅类阻尼胶、聚氨酯类阻尼胶和环氧类阻尼胶中的任意一种制作而成。
  9. 根据权利要求1-8中的任意一项所述的振膜，其特征在于，所述TPSiU膜层的厚度为2-100μm。
  10. 一种发声装置，其特征在于，包括如权利要求1-9中的任意一项所述的振膜。
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