WO2019024537A1

WO2019024537A1 - Multi-grade seed cotton heavy impurity cleaning and separating device

Info

Publication number: WO2019024537A1
Application number: PCT/CN2018/083055
Authority: WO
Inventors: 陈长林; 石磊; 孙勇飞; 谢庆; 孔凡婷; 张玉同
Original assignee: 农业部南京农业机械化研究所
Priority date: 2017-07-31
Filing date: 2018-04-13
Publication date: 2019-02-07
Also published as: AU2018311605A1; AU2018311605B2; EA202090079A1; EA038144B1; CN107243459A; CN107243459B

Abstract

A multi-grade seed cotton heavy impurity cleaning and separating device, being mounted at an output end of a picking platform of a cotton picker. A seed cotton flow picked by the cotton picker is conveyed by means of the picking platform to the multi-grade seed cotton heavy impurity cleaning and separating device. The multi-grade seed cotton heavy impurity cleaning and separating device basically comprises a succession of elongated panels arranged in a layered structure and comprises a first-grade heavy impurity removing mechanism, a second-grade heavy impurity recycling mechanism, a third-grade heavy impurity recycling mechanism and a pipeline connecting the above three mechanisms. Said multi-grade seed cotton heavy impurity cleaning and separating device adopts multi-grade sequential cleaning, achieving a high impurity cleaning rate and a low seed cotton loss, reducing secondary impurities mixed with the seed cotton in the cleaning process, realizing graded recycling of cotton bolls and branches, reducing the cotton fiber dyed during the follow-up cotton boll processing, improving the work efficiency of an onboard seed cotton pre-processing machine.

Description

Multi-stage seed cotton heavy-duty clearing device

Technical field

The invention relates to a multi-stage seed cotton heavy-duty clearing device, belonging to the technical field of cotton processing machinery.

Background technique

At present, the mechanized harvesting technology of cotton representing the world's advanced level is the United States' John Deer and Case, and its models are roughly classified into a unified type and a selective type. On the basis of digesting and absorbing foreign advanced technology, China has demonstrated the advantages of high-efficiency and low impurity rate in the demonstration and promotion of the Xinjiang Bingtuan. However, it does not adapt to the high plant and high-density cotton varieties in the Mainland. Planting agronomy is difficult to promote on a large scale across the country. The collection model represented by brush-roller and cotton brush-type cotton picker has a wide range of adaptation, low production and maintenance costs. And the high recovery rate, the product has the advantage of cost-effective.

In the process of cotton harvesting, the cotton harvester can pick the cotton peach, the bell shell and the seed cotton together, and then complete the processing steps such as clear peach, clear bell shell and clear leaf. The principle of seed cotton impurity cleaning is in accordance with the principle of “clearing large and heavy, and then clearing and light,” so heavy cleaning is the most important first step in seed cotton cleaning.

The existing unified cotton pickers are arranged at the outlet of the picking seed cotton, and the cotton powder is dropped into the ground from the row of peaches by utilizing the difference in the specific gravity of the materials. For example, the Chinese Utility Model Patent No. 201420224961.6 discloses a cotton separating conveyor. The device is installed at the output of the seed cotton of the picking table, the picking roller picks up the seed cotton stream, and the seed cotton and the cotton peach are layered by the positive pressure wind and gravity, and the cotton peach in the lower layer enters the cotton recycling system through the row of peach mouth, and finally is sent to the peach collecting box. . However, when the amount of cotton recovered is large, a positive pressure drafting wind is formed in the row of peaches, and part of the seed cotton is directly sent out from the row of peaches, resulting in loss of seed cotton.

To this end, the Chinese invention patent No. 201510124608.X created a high-efficiency and low-loss seed cotton clearing conveying device, which replaced the positive pressure air separation with negative pressure suction separation, significantly reduced the loss of seed cotton and improved the recovery of cotton. rate. However, during the picking process, due to the uneven surface of the picking machine, sometimes the picking phenomenon is too low to be discharged, and the undeveloped dead fruit can not be separated and mixed into the subsequent airborne pretreatment machine, which will produce seed cotton. Dyeing, reducing seed cotton quality and cleaning efficiency and other adverse effects.

It can be seen that the heavy-duty cleaning technology still presents unity and tradition. When it encounters the changing working conditions in the field, it can not achieve the expected cleaning effect, resulting in problems such as bauxite, cotton ash, and seed cotton dyeing.

Summary of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is that, in view of the deficiencies of the prior art, a multi-stage seed cotton heavy-duty clearing device adapted to various working conditions and good effects is proposed.

The technical solution proposed by the present invention to solve the above technical problem is: a multi-stage seed cotton heavy-duty clearing device, the multi-stage seed cotton heavy-duty clearing device is installed at an output end of a picking machine picking table, and the output end will The seed cotton stream taken is sent to the multi-stage seed cotton heavy-duty clearing device, and the multi-stage heavy-duty clearing device has a long strip-like sequential hierarchical structure, which in turn includes a first-stage heavy impurity elimination mechanism and a second-level heavy impurity a recycling mechanism, a three-stage heavy waste recovery mechanism, and a pipeline connected between the three; the primary heavy waste discharge mechanism includes a picking roller and a first-order curved deflector at a front end of the primary heavy-duty elimination mechanism And a first-stage curved baffle located below the pick-up roller, the first-order arc-shaped baffle being an elastic element and bent to the upper right thereof, the first stage a heavy separation opening is located at an end of the first-order curved baffle;

The secondary heavy recovery mechanism comprises an upper end wind jet and an anti-winding heavy waste recovery assembly, the heavy waste recovery assembly comprising a secondary heavy separation port, a belt type peach conveyor, a secondary baffle and a peach collecting box, the secondary heavy impurity separating port is located at the end of the secondary deflector, the secondary baffle is inclined rearward and upward, and the front end of the secondary baffle is hinged with a primary heavy impurity separating port Adjusting plate for realizing opening/closing of the primary heavy separation opening, the belt type peach conveyor is located below the secondary heavy separation opening, the belt collecting peach The end of the conveyor is connected to the collection box;

The three-stage heavy-duty recovery mechanism includes a tangential flow grating installed at an upper end of the pipe, a dismounting element, a supplemental air blower, a third-stage baffle, a drain cover at the end of the three-stage baffle, and a pipe a three-stage heavy-duty collector at the end; the unloading element is located at a rear upper end of the three-stage heavy-grain collector, and the unloading element is used for adjusting an unloading amount, and the starting end of the three-stage deflector is located at The secondary heavy impurity separation port is formed at the secondary heavy separation port and forms the secondary heavy impurity separation port together with the end of the secondary flow deflector.

The improvement of the above technical solution is that the picking roller body is a cylindrical or polygonal column.

The improvement of the above technical solution is that the surface of the picking roller is uniformly provided with nail-shaped teeth in the axial direction, and can be linear or curved.

The improvement of the above technical solution is that the belt type peach conveyor is belt type or scraper type, is hinged with the front bridge of the cotton picker and floats with the lifting of the picking table.

The improvement of the above technical solution is that the unloading component is a noise removing damper.

The improvement of the above technical solution is that the tangential flow guide grid is a grid strip and/or an orifice plate, and the grid cross section is circular or polygonal.

The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: the multi-stage cleaning is performed by the multi-stage cleaning, the cleaning rate is high, the seed cotton loss is low, and the mixing of the secondary impurities in the cleaning process is reduced. Wind-cleaning replaces traditional mechanical cleaning, reducing damage to cotton fibers without sacrificing seed cotton quality. The cotton peach and the branches are graded and recycled, the cleaning of the post-treatment of the cotton peach is reduced, the working efficiency of the air-borne seed cotton pretreatment machine is improved, and the economic benefits of the cotton farmers are increased. The cut guide flow grille also comes with the effect of cleaning some cotton leaves and dust. In addition, the first-order curved baffle and the first-stage heavy-duty separating port are elastic components and are bent to the upper right side thereof, and when the feeding amount is too large, the overload protection can be performed. Give time to adjust the buffer to prevent damage.

DRAWINGS

The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is a schematic structural view of a multi-stage seed cotton heavy-duty clearing device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

2 is a side elevational view of a belt-type peach conveyor in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of a tangential flow grid in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMERALS: picking roller 1, primary arc deflector 2, adjusting plate 3, wind jet 4, secondary baffle 5, tertiary deflector 6, belt-type peach conveyor 7, ring With 7-1, scraper 7-2, set peach box 8, cut guide flow grill 9, grille strip 9-1, orifice plate 9-2, drain cover 10, filler 11, three-stage heavy collection The damper 13 is unloaded.

Detailed ways

Example

In the multi-stage seed cotton heavy-duty clearing device of the embodiment, as shown in Figures 1, 2 and 3, the multi-stage seed cotton heavy-duty clearing device is installed at the output end of the picking machine picking table, and the output end will take The seed cotton stream is transported to the multi-stage seed cotton heavy-duty clearing device, wherein the multi-stage heavy-duty clearing device has a long strip-like sequential hierarchical structure, which in turn comprises a primary heavy-duty elimination mechanism, a secondary heavy-heavy recovery mechanism, The three-stage heavy-duty recovery mechanism and the pipeline connected between the three; the first-stage heavy-discharge discharge mechanism includes a pick-up roller 1, a first-order curved deflector 2, and a first-stage heavy miscellaneous at the front end of the primary heavy-duty elimination mechanism. The separation port, the first-order curved baffle 2 is located below the pick-up roller 1, the first-order curved baffle 2 is an elastic element and is bent to the upper right side thereof, and the first-stage curved and impurity separation port is located at the first-order curved guide The end of the flow plate 2;

The secondary heavy-duty recovery mechanism comprises an upper wind-jet 4 and an anti-winding heavy-recovery assembly, and the heavy-duty recovery component comprises a secondary heavy-mix separation port, a belt-type peach conveyor 7, a secondary baffle 5 and a set. The peach box 8 and the second-stage heavy-heavy separation port are located at the end of the second-order baffle 5, the second-stage baffle 5 is inclined rearward and upward, and the front end of the second-order baffle 5 is hinged with the adjustment plate 3 of the first-stage heavy-grain separation port. The adjustment plate 3 is used to realize the opening/closing of the primary heavy separation port, the belt type peach conveyor 7 is located below the secondary heavy separation port, and the end of the belt type peach conveyor 7 is connected to the collection box 8;

The three-stage heavy-duty recovery mechanism includes a tangential flow grille 9 installed at the upper end of the pipe, a dismounting element, a supplemental air blower 11, a third-stage baffle 6, a drain cover 10 at the end of the third-stage baffle 6, and a pipe end at the end of the pipe. The three-stage heavy-duty collector 12; the unloading component is located at the upper end of the rear of the three-stage heavy-duty collector 12, the unloading component is used for adjusting the amount of unloading, the unloading component is the unloading damper 13, and the third-order baffle The beginning of the 6 is located at the secondary heavy separation port and forms a secondary heavy separation port together with the end of the secondary baffle 5.

The body of the picking roller 1 of the embodiment is a cylindrical or polygonal column, or other available columnar structure, and the nail-shaped teeth are evenly distributed in the axial direction on the surface of the columnar structure of the pick-up roller 1, and can be linear or curved. .

The belt type peach conveyor 7 of the present embodiment is hinged with the front bridge of the cotton picker and floats with the lifting of the picking table. The belt type peach conveyor 7 further comprises an endless belt 7-1 and an endless belt 7-1. Scraper 7-2.

The tangential flow grid 9 of the present embodiment may be a grid strip 9-1 or an orifice plate 9-2 or a combination of the two, and the grid cross section is circular or polygonal.

In this embodiment, the seed cotton seed stream is transported through the picking table to the multi-stage seed cotton heavy-duty clearing device, first entering the picking roller 1 rotating counterclockwise, and throwing and hitting by the picking roller 1 It can disperse quickly and move backwards and upwards; during the picking stage, the surface may be uneven due to the uneven surface, and a small amount of earth and stone will be collected from the surface, which will be discharged firstly from the first level of heavy separation; compared with earth and stone, it is bulky. The lighter quality cotton peach will pass over the primary heavy-grain separation port and reach the secondary heavy-grain separation port, and will be discharged therefrom, and will fall to the belt-type peach conveyor 7; the light-weight seed cotton will be negative in the wind-jet 4 Under the action of pressure suction, the upper layer adhering to the inner wall of the pipe moves upward; the seed cotton flow reaches the top of the three-stage heavy-duty collector 12 under the pressure of the wind pressure, on the one hand, the light-weight seed cotton can be attached to the cutting guide flow grille 9, along the The trajectory is guided into the later airborne seed cotton pretreatment machine; on the other hand, the heavy mass of the undeveloped stiff fruit and a small number of branches are descended to the tertiary heavy collector under the barrier of the damper 13 12, a small amount of entrainment Wind force to obtain single grain seed 11 will wind up in a lower portion provided with three collector 12 under heavy heteroaryl recovery, re-enter the seed cotton flow to give a weight ratio of hybrid seed minimal. From the perspective of the structural fit of each part, the smaller single seed cotton will be brought back into the seed cotton stream without being entrained by the seed cotton stream, which will significantly improve the cleaning efficiency and reduce waste.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. Any technical solution formed by equivalent replacement falls within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

Claims

A multi-stage seed cotton heavy-duty clearing device, the multi-stage seed cotton heavy-duty clearing device is installed at an output end of a picking machine picking table, and the output end transports the seed cotton stream taken to the multi-stage seed cotton weight The multi-stage clearing device is characterized in that: the multi-stage heavy-duty separation and clearing device has a long-order sequential hierarchical structure, which in turn comprises a primary heavy-duty elimination mechanism, a secondary heavy-duty recovery mechanism, and a tertiary heavy-duty recovery mechanism. And a pipe connected between the three; the first-stage heavy-discharge discharge mechanism comprises a pick-up roller, a first-order curved baffle and a first-stage heavy-duty separation port at the front end of the first-stage heavy-duty elimination mechanism, The first-order arc-shaped baffle is located below the pick-up roller, the first-stage arc-shaped baffle is an elastic member and is bent to the upper right thereof, and the first-stage gravity separation port is located at the first level. The end of the curved baffle;

The secondary heavy recovery mechanism comprises an upper end wind jet and an anti-winding heavy waste recovery assembly, the heavy waste recovery assembly comprising a secondary heavy separation port, a belt type peach conveyor, a secondary baffle and a peach collecting box, the secondary heavy impurity separating port is located at the end of the secondary deflector, the secondary baffle is inclined rearward and upward, and the front end of the secondary baffle is hinged with a primary heavy impurity separating port Adjusting plate for realizing opening/closing of the primary heavy separation opening, the belt type peach conveyor is located below the secondary heavy separation opening, the belt collecting peach The end of the conveyor is connected to the collection box;

The three-stage heavy-duty recovery mechanism includes a tangential flow grating installed at an upper end of the pipe, a dismounting element, a supplemental air blower, a third-stage baffle, a drain cover at the end of the three-stage baffle, and a pipe a three-stage heavy-duty collector at the end; the unloading element is located at a rear upper end of the three-stage heavy-grain collector, and the unloading element is used for adjusting an unloading amount, and the starting end of the three-stage deflector is located at The secondary heavy impurity separation port is formed at the secondary heavy separation port and forms the secondary heavy impurity separation port together with the end of the secondary flow deflector.
The multi-stage seed cotton heavy-duty clearing device according to claim 1, wherein the pick-up roller body is a cylindrical or polygonal column.
The multi-stage seed cotton heavy-duty clearing device according to claim 1, wherein the surface of the pick-up roller is uniformly provided with nail-shaped teeth in the axial direction.
The multi-stage seed cotton heavy-duty clearing device according to claim 1, wherein the belt-type peach conveyor is belt-type or scraper type, hinged with the front bridge of the cotton picker and floats with the lifting of the picking table. .
The multi-stage seed cotton heavy-duty clearing device according to claim 1, wherein the unloading element is a noise removing damper.
The multi-stage seed cotton heavy-duty clearing device according to claim 1, wherein the tangential flow guide grid is a grid strip and/or an orifice plate, and the grid cross section is circular or polygonal.