WO2019024137A1 - 一种岩石水力压裂试验裂缝三维形貌高精度成像方法 - Google Patents

一种岩石水力压裂试验裂缝三维形貌高精度成像方法 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2019024137A1
WO2019024137A1 PCT/CN2017/098076 CN2017098076W WO2019024137A1 WO 2019024137 A1 WO2019024137 A1 WO 2019024137A1 CN 2017098076 W CN2017098076 W CN 2017098076W WO 2019024137 A1 WO2019024137 A1 WO 2019024137A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
rock
hydraulic fracturing
rock sample
precision
solution
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2017/098076
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李守定
刘丽楠
李晓
周忠鸣
张振兴
刘艳辉
Original Assignee
中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所 filed Critical 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所
Publication of WO2019024137A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019024137A1/zh

Links

Images

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N23/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00
    • G01N23/02—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by transmitting the radiation through the material
    • G01N23/04—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by transmitting the radiation through the material and forming images of the material
    • G01N23/046—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by transmitting the radiation through the material and forming images of the material using tomography, e.g. computed tomography [CT]
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B15/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electromagnetic waves or particle radiation, e.g. by the use of microwaves, X-rays, gamma rays or electrons
    • G01B15/04—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electromagnetic waves or particle radiation, e.g. by the use of microwaves, X-rays, gamma rays or electrons for measuring contours or curvatures
    • G01B15/045—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electromagnetic waves or particle radiation, e.g. by the use of microwaves, X-rays, gamma rays or electrons for measuring contours or curvatures by measuring absorption
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B15/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electromagnetic waves or particle radiation, e.g. by the use of microwaves, X-rays, gamma rays or electrons
    • G01B15/08—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electromagnetic waves or particle radiation, e.g. by the use of microwaves, X-rays, gamma rays or electrons for measuring roughness or irregularity of surfaces
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/02—Details
    • G01N3/06—Special adaptations of indicating or recording means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
    • G01N3/10—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces generated by pneumatic or hydraulic pressure
    • G01N3/12—Pressure testing
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/24—Earth materials
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
    • G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
    • G01N2203/0019—Compressive
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/003—Generation of the force
    • G01N2203/0042—Pneumatic or hydraulic means
    • G01N2203/0048—Hydraulic means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/0058—Kind of property studied
    • G01N2203/006—Crack, flaws, fracture or rupture
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/0058—Kind of property studied
    • G01N2203/006—Crack, flaws, fracture or rupture
    • G01N2203/0062—Crack or flaws
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
    • G01N2203/026—Specifications of the specimen
    • G01N2203/0262—Shape of the specimen
    • G01N2203/0266—Cylindrical specimens
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
    • G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
    • G01N2203/0641—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means using optical, X-ray, ultraviolet, infrared or similar detectors
    • G01N2203/0647—Image analysis
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
    • G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
    • G01N2203/067—Parameter measured for estimating the property
    • G01N2203/0682—Spatial dimension, e.g. length, area, angle
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2223/00—Investigating materials by wave or particle radiation
    • G01N2223/30—Accessories, mechanical or electrical features
    • G01N2223/309—Accessories, mechanical or electrical features support of sample holder
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2223/00—Investigating materials by wave or particle radiation
    • G01N2223/30—Accessories, mechanical or electrical features
    • G01N2223/311—Accessories, mechanical or electrical features high pressure testing, anvil cells
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2223/00—Investigating materials by wave or particle radiation
    • G01N2223/60—Specific applications or type of materials
    • G01N2223/616—Specific applications or type of materials earth materials
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2223/00—Investigating materials by wave or particle radiation
    • G01N2223/60—Specific applications or type of materials
    • G01N2223/646—Specific applications or type of materials flaws, defects

Definitions

  • An important measurement physical quantity of rock hydraulic fracturing test is the three-dimensional shape distribution of cracks.
  • the surface crack observation of rock hydraulic fracturing test mainly relies on scanning electron microscopy and the like, and the internal three-dimensional shape observation mainly depends on X-ray CT imaging. technology.
  • X-ray CT imaging technology has high precision for crack location in rock hydraulic fracturing test, but its imaging accuracy is limited.
  • industrial CT cannot image cracks with a width of less than 0.1 mm in a 100 mm diameter rock sample, and about 86% of the crack width in the hydraulic fracturing test is less than 0.1 mm. Therefore, industrial CT is absolutely in the 100 mm diameter rock hydraulic fracturing test. Most cracks cannot be effectively observed, and a large amount of crack information that actually exists is lost.
  • the present invention provides a shortcoming and a deficiency that can overcome the low precision of three-dimensional shape measurement of rock hydraulic fracturing cracks, improve the observation accuracy of three-dimensional shape of cracks in rock hydraulic fracturing test, and is beneficial to scientific understanding of the development law of rock hydraulic fracturing cracks.
  • High-precision imaging method for three-dimensional shape The utility model is characterized in that the hydraulic fracturing crack is formed by the aqueous solution of the fluorine-containing nuclides, and the hydraulic fracturing crack is formed.
  • the fracturing machine rotates while loading, and the X-ray source emits an X-ray beam to penetrate the rock and reaches the CT detector.
  • the nucleus emission light signal inside the rock is received by the radionuclide high-resolution surface array SiPM detector, the ⁇ photon penetration ability is strong, and it has self-collimation characteristics, and the positron nucleus tracer is introduced into the rock micro-crack image as the cold source background.
  • the imaging of the heat source is beneficial to obtain high-contrast micro-crack images and make up for the shortcomings of CT imaging technology in micro-crack imaging.
  • the radionuclide tomography data is combined with CT data to achieve high-precision imaging of rock fracture three-dimensional shape.
  • Rock hydraulic fracturing test The main technical solution of high-precision imaging method for crack three-dimensional shape is composed of three parts: rock high-precision rotary hydraulic fracturing testing machine, laboratory X-ray industrial CT part, nuclide high-resolution surface array SiPM detector Scan the section.
  • the rock high-precision rotary hydraulic fracturing testing machine is characterized by: rock sample 1, upper block 2, lower block 3, high-precision rotary actuator 4, rotating mechanism 5, confining pressure booster pump 6, self-balancing piston 7 , an axial actuator 8, a three-axis cylinder 9, a reaction force frame 11, and a fluorine-containing nuclear solution high-pressure water pump 12, etc., the rock sample 1 is placed between the upper block 2 and the lower block 3, a three-axis cylinder 9 and the confining pressure booster pump 6 applies the confining pressure to the rock sample 1, the self-balancing piston 7 and the axial actuator 8 ensure the axial loading of the rock sample 1, and the fluoronuclear solution passes the high-pressure water pump of the fluorine-containing nuclides solution.
  • the X-ray beam 14 excited by the X-ray source 13 transmits the rock sample 1, receives the transmitted X-ray by the CT detector 15, and calculates a CT image according to the line attenuation coefficient distribution ⁇ (x, y); the nuclide high-resolution surface
  • the scanning part of the array SiPM detector is characterized by: a fluorine-containing nuclides solution high-pressure water pump 12 and a nuclides high-resolution surface array SiPM detector 16 and the like.
  • the fluoronuclein solution is pressed into the rock sample 1 by the high-pressure water pump 12 containing the fluorine-containing nuclides solution, so that the rock sample 1 is cracked to generate the fracture crack 10, and the nuclides in the crack annihilate the emitted light signal by the nuclide high-resolution surface array.
  • the SiPM detector 16 receives and converts it into an electrical signal for imaging.
  • Rock X-ray CT images reflect the extent of X-ray absorption of various parts of the rock.
  • the mineral density in the rock is proportional to the X-ray absorption coefficient.
  • the positron fluoronuclei is a radionuclide, the positron annihilation produces a gamma photon pair, the photon is positioned on the nuclide SiPM detector, and the received optical signal is converted into electricity by the nuclide high resolution surface array SiPM detector.
  • the signal implements data recombination and image reconstruction.
  • X-ray CT imaging has the advantage of high precision of rock structure imaging.
  • Fluorinated tomographic microscopy has the advantage of high sensitivity of position imaging. It fuses X-ray CT images with nuclide tomographic images to provide a rock hydraulic fracturing.
  • High-precision imaging method for testing three-dimensional shape of cracks characterized in that a high-pressure water pump is used to press a fluoronuclear solution into a rock sample to cause cracks in the rock sample, and the rock hydraulic fracturing test machine at a certain rate during rock hydraulic fracturing High precision
  • the X-ray beam emitted by the X-ray source passes through the rock sample and is imaged by the CT detector, and the rock structure is imaged with high precision; at the same time, the fluoronuclear emission light signal in the rock crack is high by the nuclide.
  • the resolution surface array SiPM detector is converted into an electrical signal to accurately image the crack position, and the CT image and the nuclide tomographic image are merged to realize high-precision imaging of the fracture three-dimensional shape of the rock hydraulic fracturing test.
  • Rock hydraulic fracturing test The main technical solution of high-precision imaging method for crack three-dimensional shape is composed of three parts: rock high-precision rotary hydraulic fracturing testing machine, laboratory X-ray industrial CT part, nuclide high-resolution surface array SiPM detector Scan the section.
  • the rock high-precision rotary hydraulic fracturing testing machine is characterized by: rock sample 1, upper block 2, lower block 3, high-precision rotary actuator 4, rotating mechanism 5, confining pressure booster pump 6, self-balancing piston 7 , an axial actuator 8, a three-axis cylinder 9, a reaction force frame 11, and a fluorine-containing nuclear solution high-pressure water pump 12, etc., the rock sample 1 is placed between the upper block 2 and the lower block 3, a three-axis cylinder 9 and the confining pressure booster pump 6 applies the confining pressure to the rock sample 1, the self-balancing piston 7 and the axial actuator 8 ensure the axial loading of the rock sample 1, and the fluoronuclear solution passes the high-pressure water pump of the fluorine-containing nuclides solution.
  • the CT section of the laboratory X-ray industry is characterized by: an X-ray source 13, a CT detector 15, and the like.
  • the X-ray beam 14 excited by the X-ray source 13 transmits the rock sample 1, and the CT detector 15 receives the transmitted X-rays, and a CT image is calculated from the line attenuation coefficient distribution ⁇ (x, y).
  • the scanning part of the radionuclide high-resolution surface array SiPM detector is characterized by: a fluorine-containing nuclides solution high-pressure water pump 12 and a nuclides high-resolution surface array SiPM detector 16 and the like.
  • the fluoronuclein solution is pressed into the rock sample 1 by the high-pressure water pump 12 containing the fluorine-containing nuclides solution, so that the rock sample 1 is cracked to generate the fracture crack 10, and the nuclides in the crack annihilate the emitted light signal by the nuclide high-resolution surface array.
  • the SiPM detector 16 receives and converts it into an electrical signal for imaging.
  • FIG. 1 is a model diagram of a high-precision imaging system for crack three-dimensional shape in a rock hydraulic fracturing test
  • Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of a high-precision imaging system for fracture three-dimensional shape of a rock hydraulic fracturing test
  • 1 rock sample
  • 2 upper pad
  • 3 lower pad
  • 4 high-precision rotary actuator
  • 5 rotating mechanism
  • 6 confining pressure booster pump
  • 7 self-balancing piston
  • 9 triaxial cylinder
  • 10 fracturing crack
  • 11 reaction force frame
  • 12 high pressure water pump with fluorine-containing nuclides solution
  • 13 X-ray source
  • 14 X-ray beam
  • 15 CT detector
  • Nuclide high resolution surface array SiPM detector Nuclide high resolution surface array SiPM detector
  • a highly concentrated fluoronuclei is configured as a fluoronuclear solution, and a fluoronuclear solution is added to a fluoronuclear solution high pressure water pump 12.
  • the rock sample 1 is placed between the upper block 2 and the lower block 3, and the triaxial cylinder 9 and the confining pressure booster pump 6 apply a confining pressure to the rock sample 1, the self-balancing piston 7 and the axial actuator 8 Ensure that the rock sample 1 is axially loaded, the fluorocarbon solution is cracked by the high-pressure water pump 12 of the fluorine-containing nuclides solution to generate the fracture crack 10, and the rock hydraulic fracturing tester performs the confining pressure, the axial pressure and the hydraulic pressure.
  • the high-precision rotary actuator 4 and the rotating mechanism 5 drive the rock sample 1 to rotate at a certain rate.
  • the X-ray beam 14 excited by the X-ray source 13 transmits the rock sample 1, is received by the CT detector 15, and the transmitted X-rays are distributed according to the line attenuation coefficient ⁇ (x, y) Calculate the CT image and accurately locate the crack distribution.
  • the fluoronuclein solution is pressed into the rock sample 1 by the high-pressure water pump 12 containing the fluorine-containing nuclides solution, so that the rock sample 1 is cracked to generate the fracture crack 10, and the fracture crack 10 is filled with the fluorine-nuclear solution, in the crack
  • the fluoronuclear annihilation emission light signal is received by the radionuclide high-resolution surface array SiPM detector 16 and converted into an electrical signal image, and the micro-crack that cannot be observed by the CT image is imaged.

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Radiology & Medical Imaging (AREA)
  • Pulmonology (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Analysing Materials By The Use Of Radiation (AREA)

Abstract

一种三维形貌高精度成像方法。该方法通过含氟核素的水溶液水压致裂岩石（1），形成水力压裂裂缝（10），压裂过程中压裂机边加载边旋转，由X射线源（13）发射X射线束穿透岩石（1）到达CT探测器（15），岩石（1）内部氟核素发射光信号被核素高分辨面阵列SiPM探测器（16）接收，核素断层扫描数据与CT数据融合成像，实现岩石裂缝三维形貌高精度成像。

Description

一种岩石水力压裂试验裂缝三维形貌高精度成像方法
技术领域 岩石力学试验技术领域
背景技术 岩石水力压裂试验的一个重要测量物理量是裂缝的三维形貌分布，当前岩石水力压裂试验表面裂缝观测主要依赖于扫描电子显微镜等手段，内部三维形貌观测主要依赖于X射线CT成像技术。X射线CT成像技术对于岩石水力压裂试验裂缝定位精度较高，但是成像精度有限。目前，工业CT无法对直径100mm岩石样品中宽度小于0.1mm的裂缝进行成像，而水力压裂试验中约86％的裂缝宽度小于0.1mm，因此，工业CT对于直径100mm岩石水力压裂试验中绝大多数的裂缝无法进行有效观测，丢失了实际存在的大量裂缝信息。
因此，当前岩石水力压裂试验裂缝观测方法，不能满足岩石水力压裂试验三维裂缝形貌观测的需求。
发明内容 本发明提供一种能够克服岩石水力压裂裂缝三维形貌观测精度低的缺点和不足，提高岩石水力压裂试验裂缝三维形貌观测精度，有利于科学认识岩石水力压裂裂缝发育规律的三维形貌高精度成像方法。其特征是通过含氟核素的水溶液水压致裂岩石，形成水力压裂裂缝，压裂过程中压裂机边加载边旋转，由X射线源发射X射线束穿透岩石到达CT探测器，岩石内部氟核素发射光信号被核素高分辨面阵列SiPM探测器接收，γ光子穿透能力强，具有自准直特性，且正电子核素示踪剂引入岩石微裂缝成像为冷源背景下的热源成像，有利于获取高对比度的微裂缝图像，弥补CT成像技术在微小裂缝成像方面的不足。核素断层扫描数据与CT数据融合成像，实现岩石裂缝三维形貌高精度成像。
岩石水力压裂试验裂缝三维形貌高精度成像方法的主要技术方案由三个部分构成：岩石高精度旋转水力压裂试验机，实验室X射线工业CT部分，核素高分辨面阵列SiPM探测器扫描部分。岩石高精度旋转水力压裂试验机特征为：由岩样1，上垫块2，下垫块3，高精度旋转作动器4，旋转机构5，围压增压泵6，自平衡活塞7，轴向作动器8，三轴缸9，反力框架11，及含氟核素溶液高压水泵12等构成，岩样1置于上垫块2与下垫块3之间，三轴缸9与围压增压泵6对岩样1实施围压加载，自平衡活塞7与轴向作动器8保证对岩样1实施轴向加载，氟核素溶液通过含氟核素溶液高压水泵12使岩样1致裂产生压裂裂缝10，岩石水力压裂试验机进行围压、轴压和水力压裂加载时，高精度旋转作动器4和旋转机构5带动岩样1以一定的速率旋转；实验室X射线工业CT特征为：由X射线源13，CT探测器15等设备构成。X射线源13激发出的X射线束14透射岩样1，被CT探测器15接收透射后的X射线，根据线衰减系数分布μ(x,y)计算得出CT图像；核素高分辨面阵列SiPM探测器扫描部分特征为：由含氟核素溶液高压水泵12及核素高分辨面阵列SiPM探测器16等设备构成。通过含氟核素溶液高压水泵12将氟核素溶液压入岩样1中，使岩样1致裂产生压裂裂缝10，裂缝中的氟核素湮灭发射光信号被核素高分辨面阵列SiPM探测器16接收，转化为电信号后成像。
基本原理与技术 岩石X射线CT图像反映岩石各部位对X射线吸收程度的大小，岩石中的矿物密度与X射线吸收系数成正比，相邻矿物密度相差越大，X射线CT成像对比度越大，分辨率越高。正电子氟核素为放射性核素，正电子湮灭产生γ光子对，光子打到核素SiPM探测器上而被定位，经核素高分辨面阵列SiPM探测器将接收到的光信号转化为电信号实现数据重组与图像重建。两个SiPM平板探测器面对面放置，被测样品360度高精度旋转，实现完备的数据采集。X射线CT成像具有岩石结构成像高精度的优势，氟核素断层显微成像具有位置成像灵敏度高的优势，将X射线CT图像与核素断层显微图像融合成像，提供一种岩石水力压裂试验裂缝三维形貌高精度成像方法，其特征是通过高压水泵将氟核素溶液压入岩样，使岩样致裂产生裂缝，岩石水力压裂过程中岩石水力压裂试验机以一定的速率高精
度旋转。岩石水压致裂过程中，由X射线源发射X射线束穿过岩样被CT探测器接收成像，对岩石结构进行高精度成像；同时岩石裂缝中的氟核素发射光信号被核素高分辨面阵列SiPM探测器接收后转化为电信号对裂缝位置进行高精度成像，将CT图像与核素断层显微图像融合成像，实现岩石水力压裂试验裂缝三维形貌的高精度成像。
岩石水力压裂试验裂缝三维形貌高精度成像方法的主要技术方案由三个部分构成：岩石高精度旋转水力压裂试验机，实验室X射线工业CT部分，核素高分辨面阵列SiPM探测器扫描部分。
岩石高精度旋转水力压裂试验机特征为：由岩样1，上垫块2，下垫块3，高精度旋转作动器4，旋转机构5，围压增压泵6，自平衡活塞7，轴向作动器8，三轴缸9，反力框架11，及含氟核素溶液高压水泵12等构成，岩样1置于上垫块2与下垫块3之间，三轴缸9与围压增压泵6对岩样1实施围压加载，自平衡活塞7与轴向作动器8保证对岩样1实施轴向加载，氟核素溶液通过含氟核素溶液高压水泵12使岩样1致裂产生压裂裂缝10，岩石水力压裂试验机进行围压、轴压和水力压裂加载时，高精度旋转作动器4和旋转机构5带动岩样1以一定的速率旋转。
实验室X射线工业CT部分特征为：由X射线源13，CT探测器15及等设备构成。X射线源13激发出的X射线束14透射岩样1，CT探测器15接收透射后的X射线，根据线衰减系数分布μ(x,y)计算得出CT图像。
核素高分辨面阵列SiPM探测器扫描部分特征为：由含氟核素溶液高压水泵12及核素高分辨面阵列SiPM探测器16等设备构成。通过含氟核素溶液高压水泵12将氟核素溶液压入岩样1中，使岩样1致裂产生压裂裂缝10，裂缝中的氟核素湮灭发射光信号被核素高分辨面阵列SiPM探测器16接收，转化为电信号后成像。
[根据细则91更正 10.10.2017]　
附图说明 图1是岩石水力压裂试验裂缝三维形貌高精度成像系统模型图；
图2是岩石水力压裂试验裂缝三维形貌高精度成像系统剖面图；

1：岩样；2：上垫块；3：下垫块；4：高精度旋转作动器；5：旋转机构；6：围压增压泵；7：自平衡活塞；8：轴向作动器；9：三轴缸；10：压裂裂缝；11：反力框架；12：含氟核素溶液高压水泵；13：X射线源；14：X射线束；15：CT探测器；16：核素高分辨面阵列SiPM探测器；
具体实施方式 1.首先将高浓缩的氟核素配置成氟核素溶液，将氟核素溶液加入到含氟核素溶液高压水泵12中。
2.岩样1置于上垫块2与下垫块3之间，三轴缸9与围压增压泵6对岩样1实施围压加载，自平衡活塞7与轴向作动器8保证对岩样1实施轴向加载，氟核素溶液通过含氟核素溶液高压水泵12使岩样1致裂产生压裂裂缝10，岩石水力压裂试验机进行围压、轴压和水力压裂加载时，高精度旋转作动器4和旋转机构5带动岩样1以一定的速率旋转。
3.运行实验室X射线工业CT，X射线源13激发出的X射线束14透射岩样1，被CT探测器15接收，透射后的X射线，根据线衰减系数分布μ(x,y)计算得出CT图像，准确定位裂缝分布位置。
4.通过含氟核素溶液高压水泵12将氟核素溶液压入岩样1中，使岩样1致裂产生压裂裂缝10，压裂裂缝10中充满了氟核素溶液，裂缝中的氟核素湮灭发射光信号被核素高分辨面阵列SiPM探测器16接收后转化为电信号成像，将CT图像无法观测到的微裂缝成像。
5.CT图像与核素断层显微图像融合成像，实现岩石水力压裂裂缝三维形貌高精度成像。

Claims (1)

  1. 一种能够将岩石水力压裂试验三维形貌高精度成像的方法，分为三个部分构成：岩石高精度旋转水力压裂试验机，实验室X射线工业CT部分，氟核素高分辨面阵列SiPM探测器扫描部分；所述岩石高精度水力压裂试验机特征为：由岩样(1)，上垫块(2)，下垫块(3)，高精度旋转作动器(4)，旋转机构(5)，围压增压泵(6)，自平衡活塞(7)，轴向作动器(8)，三轴缸(9)，反力框架(11)及含氟核素溶液高压水泵(12)等构成，岩样(1)置于上垫块(2)与下垫块(3)之间，三轴缸(9)与围压增压泵(6)对岩样(1)实施围压加载，自平衡活塞(7)与轴向作动器(8)保证对岩样(1)实施轴向加载，氟核素溶液通过含氟核素溶液高压水泵(12)使岩样(1)致裂产生压裂裂缝(10)，岩石水力压裂试验机进行围压、轴压和水力压裂加载时，高精度旋转作动器(4)和旋转机构(5)带动岩样(1)以一定的速率旋转；所述实验室X射线工业CT特征为：由X射线源(13)及CT探测器(15)等设备构成，X射线源(13)激发出的X射线束(14)透射岩样(1)，被探测器(15)接收透射后的X射线，根据线衰减系数分布计算得出CT图像；所述核素高分辨面阵列SiPM探测器扫描为：由含氟核素溶液高压水泵(12)及核素高分辨面阵列SiPM探测器(16)等设备构成，通过含氟核素溶液高压水泵(12)将氟核素溶液压入岩样(1)中，使岩样(1)致裂产生压裂裂缝缝网(10)，裂缝中的氟核素湮灭发射光信号被核素高分辨面阵列SiPM探测器(16)接收，转化为电信号后成像。CT图像与核素断层显微图像融合成像，实现岩石水力压裂裂缝缝网三维形态高精度成像。
PCT/CN2017/098076 2017-07-31 2017-08-18 一种岩石水力压裂试验裂缝三维形貌高精度成像方法 WO2019024137A1 (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201710635873.3 2017-07-31
CN201710635873.3A CN107462190B (zh) 2017-07-31 2017-07-31 一种岩石水力压裂试验裂缝三维形貌高精度成像方法

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2019024137A1 true WO2019024137A1 (zh) 2019-02-07

Family

ID=60548085

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CN2017/098076 WO2019024137A1 (zh) 2017-07-31 2017-08-18 一种岩石水力压裂试验裂缝三维形貌高精度成像方法

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US10139355B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN107462190B (zh)
WO (1) WO2019024137A1 (zh)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2021041325A1 (en) * 2019-08-30 2021-03-04 Baker Hughes Oilfield Operations Llc Core analysis system and related methods

Families Citing this family (29)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10274437B2 (en) 2015-01-22 2019-04-30 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Methods and systems of testing formation samples using a rock hydrostatic compression chamber
CN107462190B (zh) * 2017-07-31 2018-06-22 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所 一种岩石水力压裂试验裂缝三维形貌高精度成像方法
CN109580365B (zh) * 2018-10-19 2020-02-14 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所 高能加速器ct岩石力学试验系统
CN109507077A (zh) * 2018-11-01 2019-03-22 太原理工大学 模拟原位条件下超临界二氧化碳煤岩压裂ct成像和评价装置及其使用方法
CN109668916B (zh) * 2018-12-11 2021-02-19 大连理工大学 一种水合物沉积物ct三轴试验装置
CN109459319A (zh) * 2018-12-19 2019-03-12 北京科技大学 用于高清图像重构与工业ct机配套的气囊式围压加载系统
CN109724867B (zh) * 2019-03-13 2024-02-13 合肥工业大学 脉冲动水压下岩石裂隙响应可视化模拟实验系统及方法
US11733181B1 (en) * 2019-06-04 2023-08-22 Saec/Kinetic Vision, Inc. Imaging environment testing fixture and methods thereof
CN110132733B (zh) * 2019-06-10 2020-12-01 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 一种实时成像的三维高应力水力压裂物理模拟试验系统
CN110308167B (zh) * 2019-08-09 2020-09-15 山东大学 一种tbm岩渣射线透射成像ct实时扫描成像装置及方法
CN110567814B (zh) * 2019-08-26 2024-02-20 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所 一种天然气水合物沉积物三轴力学试验中子成像方法
CN110793861B (zh) * 2019-11-01 2020-10-13 中国石油大学(北京) 确定砾岩试件水力压裂穿砾排量的试验方法及装置
CN113390770B (zh) * 2020-03-13 2023-04-25 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 评价压裂液对致密油气储层裂缝伤害的装置和方法
CN112067636B (zh) * 2020-08-21 2021-10-12 北京科技大学 岩石含冰裂隙的冻胀变形扩展实时监测系统及其监测方法
CN111929141A (zh) * 2020-09-09 2020-11-13 东华理工大学 加卸载条件下隧洞围岩裂隙预制模拟系统及试验方法
CN112255112B (zh) * 2020-10-09 2021-04-13 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所 可视化试验系统、岩体加热方法
CN111965040B (zh) * 2020-10-12 2024-07-19 河南理工大学 受载煤岩体ct三轴实验装样装置
CN112179748B (zh) * 2020-10-12 2023-06-09 河南理工大学 煤岩试样ct三轴实验装样方法
CN112343575B (zh) * 2020-11-20 2021-07-13 西南石油大学 一种研究裂缝性地层封堵承压机制的模拟实验方法
CN112683622A (zh) * 2020-12-29 2021-04-20 防灾科技学院 一种预制含不同走向裂隙面岩体的物理模拟系统
CN112945632A (zh) * 2021-02-03 2021-06-11 中国科学院、水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所 一种自平衡泥沙取样装置
CN113030435B (zh) * 2021-03-04 2024-06-04 西安建筑科技大学 一种土体竖向裂隙模型观测试验装置及试验方法
RU2759529C1 (ru) * 2021-04-26 2021-11-15 Автономная некоммерческая образовательная организация высшего образования «Сколковский институт науки и технологий» Способ испытания образца горной породы для оценки эффективности тепловых методов увеличения нефтеотдачи пластов
WO2022266542A1 (en) * 2021-06-18 2022-12-22 Psylotech, Inc. Tomography error correction system and method
CN113984807B (zh) * 2021-10-28 2023-07-21 中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院 基于冻融和压裂作用下岩石裂隙实时扩展的试验方法
US20230375457A1 (en) * 2022-05-17 2023-11-23 Saudi Arabian Oil Company Apparatus for real-time monitoring of organic matter porosity evolution using selective photo-thermal laser as a heat source to target organic matter only
CN115201235B (zh) * 2022-09-14 2023-01-06 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所 一种基于pet-ct和das的多物理场成像方法与系统
CN116046519B (zh) * 2022-11-25 2023-08-11 中南大学 岩石三轴气力耦合单/双裂纹起裂扩展试验装置及方法
CN116519488B (zh) * 2023-06-29 2023-09-12 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所 一种多功能岩石三轴可视化试验系统

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101317765A (zh) * 2008-05-23 2008-12-10 新奥博为技术有限公司 一种集成核素成像与荧光成像的双模式成像系统
WO2013070945A1 (en) * 2011-11-08 2013-05-16 Lockheed Martin Corporation Image analysis systems having image sharpening capabilities and methods using same
CN104100252A (zh) * 2014-07-23 2014-10-15 中国石油大学(北京) 一种水平井多级水力压裂物理模拟方法
CN105954104A (zh) * 2016-06-26 2016-09-21 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 一种基于pet/ct的岩石裂纹细观结构检测系统及检测方法
CN106353201A (zh) * 2016-08-25 2017-01-25 绍兴文理学院 一种ct实时三维扫描岩石节理剪切试验系统
CN107462190A (zh) * 2017-07-31 2017-12-12 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所 一种岩石水力压裂试验裂缝三维形貌高精度成像方法

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5297420A (en) * 1993-05-19 1994-03-29 Mobil Oil Corporation Apparatus and method for measuring relative permeability and capillary pressure of porous rock
US8081796B2 (en) * 2008-11-24 2011-12-20 Ingrain, Inc. Method for determining properties of fractured rock formations using computer tomograpic images thereof
WO2016007170A1 (en) * 2014-07-11 2016-01-14 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Imaging a porous rock sample using a nanoparticle suspension
US20180106708A1 (en) * 2015-05-20 2018-04-19 Schlumberger Technology Corporation Hydraulic fracturability index using high resolution core measurements
CN106640016A (zh) * 2015-11-03 2017-05-10 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所 多尺度真三轴水平井水力压裂承压缸及使用方法
CN105319603B (zh) * 2015-11-06 2018-04-17 中国石油大学(华东) 致密砂岩储层复杂网状裂缝的预测方法
CN106323999B (zh) * 2016-08-12 2018-03-09 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所 一种岩石水力压裂试验裂缝介入增强成像方法

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101317765A (zh) * 2008-05-23 2008-12-10 新奥博为技术有限公司 一种集成核素成像与荧光成像的双模式成像系统
WO2013070945A1 (en) * 2011-11-08 2013-05-16 Lockheed Martin Corporation Image analysis systems having image sharpening capabilities and methods using same
CN104100252A (zh) * 2014-07-23 2014-10-15 中国石油大学(北京) 一种水平井多级水力压裂物理模拟方法
CN105954104A (zh) * 2016-06-26 2016-09-21 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 一种基于pet/ct的岩石裂纹细观结构检测系统及检测方法
CN106353201A (zh) * 2016-08-25 2017-01-25 绍兴文理学院 一种ct实时三维扫描岩石节理剪切试验系统
CN107462190A (zh) * 2017-07-31 2017-12-12 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所 一种岩石水力压裂试验裂缝三维形貌高精度成像方法

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2021041325A1 (en) * 2019-08-30 2021-03-04 Baker Hughes Oilfield Operations Llc Core analysis system and related methods

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN107462190B (zh) 2018-06-22
CN107462190A (zh) 2017-12-12
US10139355B1 (en) 2018-11-27

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
WO2019024137A1 (zh) 一种岩石水力压裂试验裂缝三维形貌高精度成像方法
US10234407B2 (en) Enhanced interventional CT imaging of cracks in rocks during hydraulic testing
KR101378757B1 (ko) 물질 원소 정보 획득 및 영상 차원의 선택이 가능한 방사선 영상화 장치
JP5339562B2 (ja) 核医学イメージング装置の画像化方法、システム、核医学イメージグシステム及び放射線治療制御システム
US11965995B2 (en) Multi-physical field imaging method and system based on PET-CT and DAS
Yan et al. A method for fracture toughness measurement in trabecular bone using computed tomography, image correlation and finite element methods
Li et al. Imaging hydraulic fractures of shale cores using combined positron emission tomography and computed tomography (PET-CT) imaging technique
CN103393410A (zh) 一种基于交替迭代运算的荧光分子断层成像重建方法
Kasperl et al. Computed tomography metrology in industrial research and development
Tengattini et al. Quantification of evolving moisture profiles in concrete samples subjected to temperature gradient by means of rapid neutron tomography: Influence of boundary conditions, hygro‐thermal loading history and spalling mitigation additives
CN108872274A (zh) γ光子成像检测技术的散射问题解决方法
CN104865280A (zh) 一种正电子液灌注系统及灌注方法
US20160216380A1 (en) A detecting device for determining a position of reaction of gamma quanta and a method for determining a position of reaction of a gamma quanta in positron emission tomography
CN101329282A (zh) 大型构件无损检测时辐射源与探测器的对中方法和装置
Nguyen et al. On a novel approach to Compton scattered emission imaging
WO2020217979A1 (ja) 反射型断層撮影装置
Moskal et al. First positronium image of the human brain in vivo
Maguire et al. Positron emission tomography of large rock samples using a multiring PET instrument
Saad et al. Evaluation of varying acquisition parameters on the image contrast in spect studies
JP5030056B2 (ja) 非破壊検査方法及び装置
Velo et al. Evaluation of iterative algorithms for tomography image reconstruction: A study using a third generation industrial tomography system
Moré et al. Limited angle dual modality breast imaging
Xiong et al. A compact, high signal-to-noise ratio line-detector array Compton scatter imaging system based on silicon photomultipliers
Czerwiński et al. Recent results on the positronium decay studies with the J-PET detector
Rapaport et al. Application of gamma ray computed tomography to nondestructive testing

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 17920173

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 17920173

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1