WO2019017325A1 - 電気機械式アクチュエータを備える航空機操舵システム - Google Patents
電気機械式アクチュエータを備える航空機操舵システム Download PDFInfo
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- WO2019017325A1 WO2019017325A1 PCT/JP2018/026700 JP2018026700W WO2019017325A1 WO 2019017325 A1 WO2019017325 A1 WO 2019017325A1 JP 2018026700 W JP2018026700 W JP 2018026700W WO 2019017325 A1 WO2019017325 A1 WO 2019017325A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
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- actuator
- control surface
- output end
- steering system
- ema
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64C—AEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
- B64C9/00—Adjustable control surfaces or members, e.g. rudders
- B64C9/02—Mounting or supporting thereof
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64C—AEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
- B64C13/00—Control systems or transmitting systems for actuating flying-control surfaces, lift-increasing flaps, air brakes, or spoilers
- B64C13/24—Transmitting means
- B64C13/26—Transmitting means without power amplification or where power amplification is irrelevant
- B64C13/28—Transmitting means without power amplification or where power amplification is irrelevant mechanical
- B64C13/341—Transmitting means without power amplification or where power amplification is irrelevant mechanical having duplication or stand-by provisions
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64C—AEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
- B64C13/00—Control systems or transmitting systems for actuating flying-control surfaces, lift-increasing flaps, air brakes, or spoilers
- B64C13/24—Transmitting means
- B64C13/38—Transmitting means with power amplification
- B64C13/50—Transmitting means with power amplification using electrical energy
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H19/00—Gearings comprising essentially only toothed gears or friction members and not capable of conveying indefinitely-continuing rotary motion
- F16H19/02—Gearings comprising essentially only toothed gears or friction members and not capable of conveying indefinitely-continuing rotary motion for interconverting rotary or oscillating motion and reciprocating motion
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H21/00—Gearings comprising primarily only links or levers, with or without slides
- F16H21/10—Gearings comprising primarily only links or levers, with or without slides all movement being in, or parallel to, a single plane
- F16H21/12—Gearings comprising primarily only links or levers, with or without slides all movement being in, or parallel to, a single plane for conveying rotary motion
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H21/00—Gearings comprising primarily only links or levers, with or without slides
- F16H21/10—Gearings comprising primarily only links or levers, with or without slides all movement being in, or parallel to, a single plane
- F16H21/16—Gearings comprising primarily only links or levers, with or without slides all movement being in, or parallel to, a single plane for interconverting rotary motion and reciprocating motion
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64C—AEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
- B64C13/00—Control systems or transmitting systems for actuating flying-control surfaces, lift-increasing flaps, air brakes, or spoilers
- B64C13/24—Transmitting means
- B64C13/26—Transmitting means without power amplification or where power amplification is irrelevant
- B64C13/28—Transmitting means without power amplification or where power amplification is irrelevant mechanical
- B64C13/30—Transmitting means without power amplification or where power amplification is irrelevant mechanical using cable, chain, or rod mechanisms
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T50/00—Aeronautics or air transport
- Y02T50/50—On board measures aiming to increase energy efficiency
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a steering system that drives a control surface (control surface) of an aircraft, and more particularly to an aircraft steering system that includes an electro-mechanical actuator (EMA).
- EMA electro-mechanical actuator
- This centralized hydraulic system includes an engine-driven hydraulic pump, a hydraulic fluid tank (reservoir) for storing hydraulic fluid, an accumulator (accumulator) for releasably storing hydraulic pressure, a hydraulic actuator for driving a hydraulic control valve, a control surface and the like. Etc., which are connected by hydraulic piping. Supply of hydraulic fluid to the hydraulic actuator from the hydraulic pump causes the hydraulic actuator to operate and drive the control surface.
- EHA electro-hydraulic actuator
- EMA electro-mechanical actuator
- MEA electrification
- EHA can be described as a distributed hydraulic system instead of a centralized type, so in order to maintain the position of the control surface, it is necessary to maintain the hydraulic pressure of the hydraulic actuator with a small hydraulic pump. is there.
- EMA since the actuator is mechanical, it is sufficient to operate the actuator only when changing the position of the control surface. Therefore, EMA is better than EHA in terms of energy efficiency.
- an electric actuator including a planetary gear mechanism includes two motors, a first motor and a second motor, and outputs of the first motor and the second motor are output at different paths.
- the configuration to be communicated is disclosed.
- the example which applied the electrically-driven actuator to the control surface movable part of the aircraft is mentioned as a typical embodiment.
- the present invention has been made to solve such a problem, and provides an aircraft steering system provided with an electromechanical actuator that can realize redundancy against sticking failure with a simpler configuration. With the goal.
- an aircraft steering system includes a wing body and a control surface of an aircraft, a first actuator attached to the wing body, and an output of the first actuator.
- the control surface arm member has one end directly or indirectly connected to the output end of the first actuator and the other end fixed to the output end of the second actuator.
- the rotation axis of the output end of the second actuator is a fulcrum axis of the control and control surface A structure that is integrally attached to the control surfaces as parallel or coincide.
- the second actuator that is a rotary actuator is also provided to the control and control surface, and the first actuator and the second actuator are the control surface arm members (horn It is connected via an arm).
- at least one of the first actuator and the second actuator is an electro-mechanical actuator (EMA).
- the control and control surface can be driven by either the first actuator or the second actuator, and even if a sticking failure occurs in either one of the actuators and the operation becomes impossible, the other actuator controls the operation. It is possible to realize the redundancy that the control surface can be driven. In addition, since such a redundant configuration performs speed-summing type redundancy by connecting two actuators in series, there is no need to provide a complicated mechanism for each actuator. . Therefore, redundancy with respect to sticking failure can be realized by a simpler configuration, and enlargement or weight increase of the actuator can be avoided or suppressed.
- the second actuator which is a rotary actuator, is attached to the control and control surface so as to be at least parallel to the fulcrum axis (hinge line) of the control and control surface.
- the second actuator is substantially integrated with the control surface. Since the control surface is exposed to the external air flow, the external air flow enables efficient heat dissipation of the second actuator integrated in the control surface. Therefore, the current density of the electric motor of the second actuator can be increased, and the second actuator can be miniaturized (the output weight ratio can be improved).
- FIGS. 2A and 2B are schematic views showing the relationship between the fulcrum axis of the control and control surface of the aircraft steering system shown in FIG. 1 and the pivot axis of the second actuator.
- 3A to 3C are block diagrams schematically showing functional configurations of the electromechanical actuator used in the aircraft steering system shown in FIG. It is a schematic diagram which shows the representative structural example of the aircraft steering system which concerns on Embodiment 2 of this invention.
- Embodiment 1 A representative configuration example of the aircraft steering system according to the first embodiment will be specifically described with reference to FIG. 1 and FIGS. 2A and 2B.
- the aircraft steering system 10A As shown in FIG. 1, the aircraft steering system 10A according to the first embodiment is provided to a wing provided in an aircraft.
- the wing portion includes a wing body 11 and a control surface (control surface) 12.
- the aircraft steering system 10A includes a horn arm (control surface arm member) 13, a first actuator 21, and a second actuator 22.
- the specific configurations of the wing body 11 and the control surface 12 are not particularly limited.
- a main control surface such as an elevator, ailerons, or a rudder, or a secondary control surface such as a spoiler, a flap or a tab.
- a blade such as a plane may be mentioned, it may be any.
- the wing body 11 may be a wing structure that constitutes a main wing or a tail wing or the like provided with these moving wings.
- the first actuator 21 is attached to the wing body 11 of the aircraft steering system 10A, and the second actuator 22 is attached to the control surface 12.
- the horn arm 13 transmits the output of the first actuator 21 to the control surface 12, and is usually attached directly to the control surface 12. In the present disclosure, the horn arm 13 It is indirectly attached to the control surface 12 via the actuator 22.
- At least one of the first actuator 21 and the second actuator 22 is an electro-mechanical actuator (EMA).
- EMA electro-mechanical actuator
- the first actuator 21 is a linear EMA (linear actuator), and the output end 21a advances and retracts in the direction of the bidirectional arrow M1 in FIG.
- the second actuator 22 is a rotary type EMA (rotary actuator) in the present disclosure, and the pivot axis L2 of the output end 22a thereof is a fulcrum axis (hinge line) of the control and control surface 12, as shown particularly in FIG. 2A. Match L1). That is, the rotation center of the output end 22a of the second actuator 22 is coaxial with the hinge line L1.
- the output end 22 a is illustrated as a broken line because it is located behind the second actuator 22 main body, and the hinge line L 1 is illustrated as a cross point of a dashed dotted line.
- the hinge line L 1 is illustrated as a cross point of a dashed dotted line.
- the pivot axis L2 is not shown in FIG. 1 and only the hinge line L1 is shown.
- the hinge line L1 (and the pivot axis L2 coincident therewith) extends along the paper surface direction.
- the control and control surface 12 is attached to the wing main body 11 via the fulcrum shaft 14 and is rocked and driven with the fulcrum shaft 14 as a fulcrum.
- the swing center of the fulcrum shaft 14 is the hinge line L1.
- the output end 22a of the second actuator 22 is pivoted about the pivot axis L2, and pivots in the direction of the double arrow M2 in FIGS. 1 and 2A.
- the hinge line L1 of the fulcrum shaft 14 and the pivot axis L2 of the output end 22a are substantially coaxial.
- one end of the horn arm 13 is fixed to the output end 22a of the second actuator 22.
- the output end 21 a of the first actuator 21 is connected to the other end of the horn arm 13 in the example shown in FIGS. 1 and 2A.
- the position at which the output end 21a is attached at the other end of the horn arm 13 is referred to as an output end connection portion 13a for convenience of explanation.
- the output end connection portion 13a at the other end of the horn arm 13 is schematically illustrated in a circle.
- the first actuator 21 is attached such that the output end 21a is inclined downward with respect to the wing main body 11, and the output end 21a is connected to the output end connection portion 13a at the other end of the horn arm 13 as described above. ing.
- One end of the horn arm 13 is fixed to the output end 22a of the second actuator 22 as described above, but the second actuator 22 is integrally attached to the control surface 12. Therefore, as the output end 21a of the first actuator 21 moves back and forth in the direction of the arrow M1, the control and control surface 12 is rockably driven via the horn arm 13, whereby the angle of the control and control surface 12 (control surface The angle is changed.
- both the first actuator 21 and the second actuator 22 are EMAs, and among these, the sticking failure (jamming) occurs in the first actuator 21.
- the rotary type second actuator 22 is attached to the control surface 12 so that the output end 22a coincides with the hinge line L1. Therefore, when the second actuator 22 rotates, the control and control surface 12 can be rocked and driven.
- the aircraft steering system 10A it is possible to drive the control surface 12 by any of the first actuator 21 and the second actuator 22. Therefore, even if a sticking failure occurs in one of the actuators and it becomes impossible to operate, it is possible to realize redundancy in which the control and control surface 12 can be driven by the other actuator. Further, by making the second actuator 22 provided on the control surface 12 coaxial with the hinge line L1 of the control surface 12, it is also possible to suppress an increase in the control surface inertia of the control surface 12. .
- At least one of the first actuator 21 and the second actuator 22 may be EMA, but both may be EMA.
- the actuators other than the EMA may be hydraulic actuators of a conventional concentrated hydraulic system, or may be electro-hydraulic actuators (EHA).
- the EHA is configured to drive a small hydraulic pump by an electric motor to operate a hydraulic actuator, so hydraulic piping such as a centralized hydraulic system and a large hydraulic pump are not necessary. Therefore, the weight of the vehicle can be reduced as compared to the hydraulic actuator of the centralized hydraulic system.
- the second actuator 22 provided on the control surface 12 be an EMA.
- the second actuator 22 can be miniaturized, and the weight of the aircraft can be further reduced.
- the second actuator 22 is a rotary actuator, and as shown in FIG. 2A, the output end 22a is attached to the control surface 12 so as to coincide with the hinge line L1 of the control surface 12. There is. Thus, the second actuator 22 is substantially integrated with the control surface 12.
- control surface 12 Since the control surface 12 is always exposed to the external air flow during flight of the aircraft, the control surface can be designed by appropriately designing a heat radiation path from the heat generation site of the second actuator 22 to the control surface 12. It is possible to efficiently dissipate the heat of the second actuator 22 integrated with the T.12. Therefore, the current density of the electric motor of the second actuator 22 can be increased, and the second actuator 22 can be miniaturized (i.e., the output weight ratio can be improved).
- the second actuator 22 which is a rotary actuator, may be provided so as to be substantially integrated with the control surface 12.
- the hinge line L1 of the control surface 12 and the pivot axis L2 of the second actuator 22 may be coincident with each other.
- the present disclosure is not limited thereto, and, for example, as shown in FIG. 2B, an offset may exist between the hinge line L1 and the pivot axis L2.
- the hinge line L1 is indicated by an alternate long and short dash line
- the pivot axis L2 is indicated by an alternate long and two short dashes line.
- the second actuator 22 may be attached such that the pivot axis L2 of the output end 22a thereof coincides with the hinge line L1 of the control surface 12, or the pivot axis L2 becomes parallel to the hinge line L1.
- the degree of offset between the hinge line L1 and the pivot axis L2 is not particularly limited. Because the second actuator 22 of the rotary type may be attached to the control surface 12 so as to be substantially integrated, the specific configuration of the control surface 12 and the second actuator 22 causes a degree of offset. Is inevitably determined.
- a torque summing type is a type in which torques (forces) from the respective actuators are added
- the speed summing type is a type in which the velocity (mutation) of each actuator is added.
- redundancy is achieved in a torque-summing form in which hydraulic actuators are arranged in parallel in the width direction.
- redundancy is achieved by the speed summing method in which the first actuator 21 and the second actuator 22 are connected via the horn arm 13.
- both of the two actuators are EMAs.
- the control surface drive function is lost. Therefore, it is necessary to take measures against sticking failure for EMA itself.
- the control surface drive function does not disappear unless the sticking failure occurs simultaneously for two EMAs.
- the probability of sticking failure occurring simultaneously for the two EMAs is lower than the failure probability required of the control system of the aircraft. Therefore, in the speed-summing type redundant configuration using two actuators, the countermeasure against the sticking failure to the EMA itself is basically not necessary.
- the aircraft steering system 10A even if both of the first actuator 21 and the second actuator 22 are EMAs and a sticking failure occurs in one EMA (for example, the first actuator 21).
- the control surface 12 can be driven by the other EMA (for example, the second actuator 22).
- the first actuator 21 or the second actuator 22 is an EMA, and the other is an actuator that is not an EMA (for example, a hydraulic actuator etc.), a sticking failure occurs in the one actuator EMA.
- the control surface 12 can be driven by the other actuator.
- the aircraft steering system 10A since the aircraft steering system 10A according to the present disclosure has the redundant configuration of the velocity summing type as described above, if the first actuator 21 and / or the second actuator 22 (or both) is EMA, this EMA is It is preferable to have a configuration for locking the operation of the output ends 21a and 22a (for convenience of explanation, referred to as an output end lock portion).
- an output end lock portion for example, mention is made of an irreversible mechanism (or a reduction mechanism) which suppresses or prevents reverse operation of the output end due to external force, or a motor shaft brake etc. which brakes the rotation of the motor shaft of the electric motor. Can.
- the inoperable one of the actuators prevents the operation of the other actuator. In order not to do so, it is necessary to make the output end free to operate (free). If the inoperable actuator is a hydraulic actuator, the output end can be easily made free by bypassing the extension-side oil chamber and the contraction-side oil chamber. On the other hand, if the inoperable actuator is an EMA, it is necessary to add a disengaging device such as a clutch or a shear pin in order to free the output end.
- the inoperable actuator is EMA
- a relatively simple configuration is provided.
- the output end lock portion of the connector can lock the output end 21a or the output end 22a.
- FIGS. 3A to 3C schematically show the functional configuration of EMA used as the first actuator 21 or the second actuator 22.
- the EMA used as the first actuator 21 or the second actuator 22 is comprehensively shown as the EMA 20 for convenience of explanation, and the output end 21a of the first actuator 21 or the second actuator 22 is shown.
- the output end 22a is also shown comprehensively as the output end 20a.
- the EMA 20 illustrated in FIG. 3A is a basic configuration including an output end 20a, an electric motor 20b, and a driving force transmission unit 20c, and the rotational driving force of the electric motor 20b is transmitted to the output end 20a via the driving force transmission unit 20c. It is transmitted. Therefore, in FIG. 3A, the electric motor 20b, the driving force transmission unit 20c, and the output end 20a are schematically connected by a line segment.
- the specific configuration of the driving force transmission unit 20c is not particularly limited, and a gear mechanism or the like having a known configuration according to the type of EMA 20 can be suitably used.
- the driving force transmitting unit 20c may be a gear mechanism or the like that converts the rotational movement of the electric motor 20b into a reciprocating movement.
- the driving force of the electric motor 20b is transmitted to the output end 20a via the driving force transmission unit 20c, and the output end 20a moves forward and backward (for example, the first actuator 21).
- the driving force transmitting unit 20c rotates the electric motor 20b (continuous rotational movement of the motor shaft) in a rotational movement (a rotatable range at the output end 20a is limited). It may be a gear mechanism or the like that converts it into motion.
- the driving force of the electric motor 20b is transmitted to the output end 20a via the driving force transmission unit 20c, and the output end 20a is rotationally moved (for example, the second actuator 22).
- the EMA 20 shown in FIG. 3B has a configuration in which an irreversible mechanism 20d is provided in the driving force transmission unit 20c, as opposed to the EMA 20 having the basic configuration shown in FIG. 3A.
- the specific configuration of the irreversible mechanism 20d is not particularly limited as long as the output end 20a does not reversely operate due to the external force acting on the output end 20a.
- the irreversible mechanism 20d may be configured to double as the irreversible mechanism 20d and also serve as a speed reduction mechanism that amplifies the torque of the electric motor by the driving force transmission unit 20c.
- a wonder planet gear or a worm gear there can be mentioned a wonder planet gear or a worm gear.
- the steering angle of the control surface 12 does not change at most of the flight time (the control surface operating speed is zero).
- the driving force transmission unit 20c includes the irreversible mechanism 20d, whereby the electric motor 20b is provided.
- the steering angle can be maintained even if an external force is applied to the control surface 12, that is, the output end 20 a in a state where power is not supplied. Therefore, it is possible to avoid unnecessary power consumption and avoidance or suppression while the control surface operating speed is zero, and also to avoid or suppress heat generation associated with the power consumption.
- the EMA 20 includes the irreversible mechanism 20d, the amount of torque required for the electric motor 20b can be reduced. Therefore, as the electric motor 20b, it is not necessary to use a large or high driving force motor such as a direct drive type, and it becomes possible to adopt a smaller and low driving force motor. As a result, in the EMA 20, it is possible to further reduce power consumption or further suppress heat generation.
- the EMA 20 shown in FIG. 3C has a configuration in which a motor shaft brake 20e is provided on the electric motor 20b.
- the specific configuration of the motor shaft brake 20e is not limited, as long as the motor shaft of the electric motor 20b can be braked to stop the rotation of the motor shaft.
- an electromagnetic brake or a clutch brake can be mentioned.
- the output end 20a of the EMA 20 has a relatively high torque
- the motor shaft of the electric motor 20b has a low torque as compared to the output end 20a.
- the configuration of the disconnecting device may be complicated and heavy in order to cope with high torque, and there may be a problem such as a time lag between the occurrence of the sticking and the completion of the disconnecting of the driving force transmission unit 20c. .
- the motor shaft brake 20e can simplify its structure and reduce its weight as compared with the disconnecting device.
- the motor shaft brake 20e can lock the output end 20a simply by stopping the motor shaft. Therefore, a time lag does not occur as in the torque-summing type separation device, and relatively quick response is possible even at the time of occurrence of sticking failure.
- the irreversible mechanism 20d and the motor shaft brake 20e which are output end lock parts are illustrated as independent blocks, respectively, the irreversible mechanism 20d or the motor shaft brake 20e transmits the driving force, respectively.
- the configuration may be independent of or integrated with the unit 20c or the electric motor 20b.
- the irreversible mechanism 20d may be a single gear mechanism integrated with the driving force transmission unit 20c or the like, or the motor shaft brake 20e may be configured as an electric motor with a brake.
- the EMA 20 may be provided with both the irreversible mechanism 20d and the motor shaft brake 20e as an output end lock portion.
- the control and steering surface 12 is also provided with the second actuator 22 that is a rotary actuator.
- the second actuator 22 is a rotary actuator.
- Two actuators 22 are connected via a horn arm 13. Further, at least one of the first actuator 21 and the second actuator 22 is the EMA 20.
- the control surface 12 can be driven by either the first actuator 21 or the second actuator 22. Even if a sticking failure occurs in any one of the actuators, the other can not operate. It is possible to realize the redundancy that the control surface 12 can be driven by the actuator. Also, since such a redundant configuration is a speed-summing type, there is no need to provide a complicated mechanism for the EMA 20. Therefore, redundancy with respect to the sticking failure can be realized with a simpler configuration, and enlargement or weight increase of the first actuator 21 and / or the second actuator 22 can be avoided or suppressed.
- the second actuator 22 which is a rotary actuator is attached to the control surface 12 so as to be at least parallel to the hinge line L1 of the control surface 12.
- the second actuator 22 is substantially integrated with the control surface 12. Since the control and control surface 12 is exposed to the outside air flow, the heat radiation region of the second actuator 22 from the heat generation part of the second actuator 22 is appropriately designed to provide a second heat source integrated with the control and control surface 12 Efficient heat dissipation of the two actuators 22 is possible. Therefore, the current density of the electric motor 20b of the second actuator 22 can be increased, and the second actuator 22 can be miniaturized (i.e., the output weight ratio can be improved).
- the first actuator 21 is a linear actuator, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto.
- the aircraft steering system 10B includes the first actuator 23 and the second actuator 22 similarly to the aircraft steering system 10A according to the first embodiment, and
- the second actuator 22 is a rotary actuator and is integrated with the control surface 12 such that the pivot axis L2 of the output end 22a thereof is coaxial (or parallel) with the hinge line L1.
- the other end of the horn arm 13 is fixed to the output end 22 a of the second actuator 22.
- the first actuator 23 is a rotary actuator similar to the second actuator 22.
- the output end 23 a of the first actuator 23 is illustrated by a broken line because it is located behind the first actuator 23 as in the case of the output end 22 a of the second actuator 22.
- the hinge line L1 of the control surface 12 and the pivot axis L2 of the second actuator 22 coincide (coaxially) as in the first embodiment. Therefore, although in FIG. 4 the pivot axis L2 is not shown and only the hinge line L1 is shown at the output end 22a of the second actuator 22, the pivoting of the output end 23a of the first actuator 23 The pivoting axis L3 which is the center is illustrated.
- the output end 23a of the first actuator 23 and one end of the horn arm 13 are not directly coupled as in the aircraft steering system 10A, but indirectly through the coupling portion 15.
- the connecting portion 15 is an inter-arm connection that connects the connecting arm member 24 fixed to the output end 23 a of the first actuator 23 and one end of the connecting arm member 24 and the horn arm 13. It is constituted by the member 25.
- one end of the connecting arm member 24 constituting the connecting portion 15 is fixed to the output end 23a of the first actuator 23, and the other end of the connecting arm member 24 is connected between the arms constituting the connecting portion 15
- One end of the member 25 is connected, the other end of the inter-arm connecting member 25 is connected to the output end connection portion 13a of one end of the horn arm 13, and the other end of the horn arm 13 is fixed to the output end 22a of the second actuator 22 It will be done.
- the configuration of the connecting portion 15 for connecting the first actuator 23 and the horn arm 13 is not limited to the configuration including the connecting arm member 24 and the inter-arm connecting member 25 as in the second embodiment, The configuration of can be adopted.
- one end of the horn arm 13 is directly connected to the output end 21a of the linear first actuator 21.
- the first actuator 21 is One end of the horn arm 13 may be indirectly connected to the output end 21 a of the second embodiment via the connection portion 15.
- the output end 23a of the first actuator 23 pivots about the pivot axis L3, and pivots in the direction of the bidirectional arrow M3 in FIG.
- the output end 22a of the second actuator 22 pivots about the pivot axis L2, and pivots in the direction of the bidirectional arrow M2 in FIG.
- the rotation axis L2 and the rotation axis L3 extend along the paper surface direction, the rotation axis L2 and the rotation axis L3 are in a positional relationship parallel to each other. Therefore, the pivot axis L3 is also in parallel to the hinge line L1.
- both the first actuator 23 and the second actuator 22 are EMA, and among these, the sticking failure (jamming) occurs in the first actuator 23.
- the control surface 12 can not be driven unless the first actuator 23 can operate.
- the rotary type second actuator 22 is attached to the control surface 12 so that the output end 22a coincides with the hinge line L1. Therefore, when the second actuator 22 rotates, the control and control surface 12 can be rocked and driven. Therefore, also in the aircraft steering system 10B according to the second embodiment, a redundant configuration of the speed summing type can be realized.
- both of the first actuator 23 and the second actuator 22 may not be EMA, and at least one may be EMA.
- the configuration of the aircraft steering system 10B according to the second embodiment is the same as that of the aircraft steering system 10A according to the first embodiment except that the first actuator 23 is a rotary type and includes the connecting portion 15 as described above.
- the configuration is the same as that of the configuration, and the operation of each configuration is also the same.
- the control surface 12 can be driven by any of the first actuator 23 and the second actuator 22 and a sticking failure occurs in either one of the actuators and the operation becomes impossible. Also, it is possible to realize the redundancy that the control surface 12 can be driven by the other actuator.
- the redundant configuration by the first actuator 23 and the second actuator 22 is a velocity summing type, there is no need to provide a complicated mechanism even if they are EMA. Therefore, redundancy can be realized by a simpler configuration, and enlargement or weight increase of the EMA can be avoided or suppressed.
- control surface 12 is controlled so that the second actuator 22 which is a rotary actuator is at least parallel to the hinge line L1 of the control surface 12. Integrally attached to the Therefore, efficient heat dissipation of the second actuator 22 becomes possible, and downsizing (improvement of output weight ratio) of the second actuator 22 can be achieved.
- the first actuator 21 may be a linear actuator
- the first actuator 23 may be a rotary actuator
- the present disclosure even if it is the aircraft steering system 10A according to the first embodiment or the aircraft steering system 10B according to the second embodiment, it is attached to the wing body 11 as in the related art.
- the second actuator 22 of the rotary type is integrally provided on the control and control surface 12 by changing the concept of redundancy instead of providing the redundant configuration for the first actuator 21 itself. 22 makes the horn arm 13 operable. Therefore, according to the present disclosure, redundancy can be achieved in a speed-summing format with a simple configuration, and as described above, downsizing or weight increase of EMA can be avoided or suppressed.
- an aircraft steering system includes a wing body and a control and control surface of an aircraft, a first actuator attached to the wing body, and a control surface transmitting the output of the first actuator to the control and control surface.
- the control surface arm member has one end directly or indirectly connected to the output end of the first actuator and the other end fixed to the output end of the second actuator, and the second actuator
- the rotation axis of its output end is parallel to or coincident with the fulcrum axis of the control surface A structure that is integrally attached to the control surfaces to so that.
- the second actuator that is a rotary actuator is also provided to the control and control surface, and the first actuator and the second actuator are the control surface arm members (horn It is connected via an arm).
- at least one of the first actuator and the second actuator is an electro-mechanical actuator (EMA).
- the control and control surface can be driven by either the first actuator or the second actuator, and even if a sticking failure occurs in either one of the actuators and the operation becomes impossible, the other actuator controls the operation. It is possible to realize the redundancy that the control surface can be driven. In addition, since such a redundant configuration performs speed-summing type redundancy by connecting two actuators in series, there is no need to provide a complicated mechanism for each actuator. . Therefore, redundancy with respect to sticking failure can be realized by a simpler configuration, and enlargement or weight increase of the actuator can be avoided or suppressed.
- the second actuator which is a rotary actuator, is attached to the control and control surface so as to be at least parallel to the fulcrum axis (hinge line) of the control and control surface.
- the second actuator is substantially integrated with the control surface. Since the control surface is exposed to the external air flow, the external air flow enables efficient heat dissipation of the second actuator integrated in the control surface. Therefore, the current density of the electric motor of the second actuator can be increased, and the second actuator can be miniaturized (the output weight ratio can be improved).
- the first actuator may be a linear actuator, and one end of the control surface arm member may be directly connected to the output end of the first actuator.
- the first actuator is a rotary actuator, and one end of the control surface arm member is indirectly connected to the output end of the first actuator through a connecting portion.
- the configuration may be adopted.
- the connecting portion connects the connecting arm member fixed to the output end of the first actuator, and the connecting arm member and one end of the control surface arm member.
- An inter-arm connection member may be provided.
- the second actuator may be an electromechanical actuator.
- the electromechanical actuator may be configured to include an output end lock portion that locks the operation of the output end.
- the present invention can be widely and suitably used not only in the field of systems or mechanisms for driving control surfaces of aircraft, but also in the field of aircraft provided with control surfaces.
- connection portion 20 electromechanical actuator (EMA) 20a: output end 20b: electric motor 20c: driving force transmission unit 20d: irreversible mechanism 20e: motor shaft brake 21: first actuator (linear actuator) 21a: Output end 22: Second actuator (rotary actuator) 22a: Output end 23: First actuator (rotary actuator) 24: Linking arm member 25: Inter-arm connecting member
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Abstract
Description
本実施の形態1に係る航空機操舵システムの代表的な構成例について、図1および図2A,図2Bを参照して具体的に説明する。
図1に示すように、本実施の形態1に係る航空機操舵システム10Aは、航空機が備える翼部に設けられるものである。翼部は、翼本体11および操縦舵面(操縦翼面)12を備えている。また、航空機操舵システム10Aは、翼本体11および操縦舵面12に加えて、ホーンアーム(舵面アーム部材)13、第一アクチュエータ21、および第二アクチュエータ22を備えている。
本開示に係る航空機操舵システム10Aにより得られる、操縦舵面12を駆動する機能の冗長構成について、その形式および利点について具体的に説明する。航空機の主操縦系統には高い信頼性が要求される。これは、操縦舵面12を駆動する機能(舵面駆動機能)が喪失すれば重大事故につながるおそれがあるためである。それゆえ、舵面駆動機能には冗長構成が採用される。一般的な冗長構成としては、1つの操縦舵面12に対して複数のアクチュエータを設ける構成が挙げられる。
出力端ロック部を備えるEMAについて、図3A~図3Cを参照して説明する。図3A~図3Cに示すブロック図は、第一アクチュエータ21または第二アクチュエータ22として用いられるEMAの機能構成を模式的に示したものである。なお、図3A~図3Cにおいては、第一アクチュエータ21または第二アクチュエータ22として用いられるEMAを、説明の便宜上、EMA20として包括化して示し、第一アクチュエータ21の出力端21aまたは第二アクチュエータ22の出力端22aも、出力端20aとして包括化して示す。
前記実施の形態1に係る航空機操舵システム10Aは、第一アクチュエータ21がリニアアクチュエータであったが、本開示はこれに限定されない。
11:翼本体
12:操縦舵面
13:ホーンアーム(舵面アーム部材)
13a:出力端連結部位
14:支点軸部
15:連結部
20:電気機械式アクチュエータ(EMA)
20a:出力端
20b:電動モータ
20c:駆動力伝達部
20d:不可逆機構
20e:モータ軸ブレーキ
21:第一アクチュエータ(リニアアクチュエータ)
21a:出力端
22:第二アクチュエータ(ロータリーアクチュエータ)
22a:出力端
23:第一アクチュエータ(ロータリーアクチュエータ)
24:連結用アーム部材
25:アーム間連結部材
Claims (6)
- 航空機の翼本体および操縦舵面と、
前記翼本体に取り付けられる第一アクチュエータと、
前記第一アクチュエータの出力を前記操縦舵面に伝達する舵面アーム部材と、
を備えるとともに、
さらに、ロータリーアクチュエータであって、前記操縦舵面に取り付けられる第二アクチュエータと、を備え、
前記第一アクチュエータおよび前記第二アクチュエータの少なくとも一方が電気機械式アクチュエータであり、
前記舵面アーム部材は、その一端が前記第一アクチュエータの出力端に直接または間接的に連結されているとともに、その他端が前記第二アクチュエータの出力端に固定されており、
前記第二アクチュエータは、その出力端の回動軸線が前記操縦舵面の支点軸線に平行または一致するように当該操縦舵面に一体的に取り付けられていることを特徴とする、
航空機操舵システム。 - 前記第一アクチュエータがリニアアクチュエータであり、
前記舵面アーム部材の一端は当該第一アクチュエータの出力端に対して直接連結されていることを特徴とする、
請求項1に記載の航空機操舵システム。 - 前記第一アクチュエータがロータリーアクチュエータであり、
前記舵面アーム部材の一端は、前記第一アクチュエータの出力端に対して、連結部を介して間接的に連結されていることを特徴とする、
請求項1に記載の航空機操舵システム。 - 前記連結部は、
前記第一アクチュエータの前記出力端に固定される連結用アーム部材と、
当該連結用アーム部材および前記舵面アーム部材の一端を連結するアーム間連結部材と、
を備えていることを特徴とする、
請求項3に記載の航空機操舵システム。 - 前記第二アクチュエータが電気機械式アクチュエータであることを特徴とする、
請求項1から4のいずれか1項に記載の航空機操舵システム。 - 前記電気機械式アクチュエータは、その出力端の動作をロックする出力端ロック部を備えていることを特徴とする、
請求項1から5のいずれか1項に記載の航空機操舵システム。
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BR112019028289-0A BR112019028289B1 (pt) | 2017-07-18 | 2018-07-17 | Sistema de direção de aeronave provido com acionador eletromecânico |
CA3069343A CA3069343C (en) | 2017-07-18 | 2018-07-17 | Aircraft steering system including electromechanical actuator |
EP18835022.7A EP3656663B1 (en) | 2017-07-18 | 2018-07-17 | Aircraft steering system including electromechanical actuator |
US16/744,214 US11235862B2 (en) | 2017-07-18 | 2020-01-16 | Aircraft flight control system including electromechanical actuator |
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JP2017-139156 | 2017-07-18 | ||
JP2017139156A JP6779183B2 (ja) | 2017-07-18 | 2017-07-18 | 電気機械式アクチュエータを備える航空機操舵システム |
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JP6929761B2 (ja) * | 2017-11-16 | 2021-09-01 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | 電動アクチュエータ装置 |
US11987344B2 (en) * | 2020-07-13 | 2024-05-21 | Embraer S.A. | Rudder system architecture for electrical actuators |
US11685517B2 (en) * | 2020-08-24 | 2023-06-27 | Embraer S.A. | Actuator mechanism for control surface mass balance alleviation |
DE102020129344B4 (de) | 2020-11-06 | 2022-10-06 | Liebherr-Aerospace Lindenberg Gmbh | Flugsteuerungssystem mit einem hydraulischen Servo-Aktuator |
EP4029775A1 (en) * | 2021-01-15 | 2022-07-20 | Claverham Limited | Actuation system |
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CA3069343C (en) | 2022-03-15 |
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CA3069343A1 (en) | 2019-01-24 |
US11235862B2 (en) | 2022-02-01 |
JP6779183B2 (ja) | 2020-11-04 |
EP3656663B1 (en) | 2022-03-23 |
BR112019028289A2 (pt) | 2020-07-14 |
JP2019018722A (ja) | 2019-02-07 |
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