WO2019015891A1 - Dispositif de réfrigération comportant un circuit de réfrigération - Google Patents

Dispositif de réfrigération comportant un circuit de réfrigération Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019015891A1
WO2019015891A1 PCT/EP2018/065830 EP2018065830W WO2019015891A1 WO 2019015891 A1 WO2019015891 A1 WO 2019015891A1 EP 2018065830 W EP2018065830 W EP 2018065830W WO 2019015891 A1 WO2019015891 A1 WO 2019015891A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
refrigerant
section
evaporator
heat exchanger
branching device
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2018/065830
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Uwe Gerlinger
Peter Heyl
David Günther
Andreas ROEDER
Original Assignee
Audi Ag
Hanon Systems
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Audi Ag, Hanon Systems filed Critical Audi Ag
Publication of WO2019015891A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019015891A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B5/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several evaporator circuits, e.g. for varying refrigerating capacity
    • F25B5/02—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several evaporator circuits, e.g. for varying refrigerating capacity arranged in parallel
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00271—HVAC devices specially adapted for particular vehicle parts or components and being connected to the vehicle HVAC unit
    • B60H1/00278—HVAC devices specially adapted for particular vehicle parts or components and being connected to the vehicle HVAC unit for the battery
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00507—Details, e.g. mounting arrangements, desaeration devices
    • B60H1/00557—Details of ducts or cables
    • B60H1/00571—Details of ducts or cables of liquid ducts, e.g. for coolant liquids or refrigerants
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
    • F25B41/20—Disposition of valves, e.g. of on-off valves or flow control valves
    • F25B41/24—Arrangement of shut-off valves for disconnecting a part of the refrigerant cycle, e.g. an outdoor part
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F25B49/02—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
    • F25B49/022—Compressor control arrangements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00271—HVAC devices specially adapted for particular vehicle parts or components and being connected to the vehicle HVAC unit
    • B60H2001/00307—Component temperature regulation using a liquid flow
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2600/00—Control issues
    • F25B2600/25—Control of valves
    • F25B2600/2507—Flow-diverting valves

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a refrigeration system of a vehicle having a refrigerant circuit.
  • a refrigerant circuit for a vehicle air conditioner with a 2-evaporator system namely with a front evaporator and a rear system evaporator.
  • Electrified vehicles require in addition to the front evaporator (also called air conditioner evaporator) as at least one interior evaporator a separate heat exchanger for cooling a battery or other electronics.
  • This heat exchanger can be configured as a chiller for a cooling water circuit or as a refrigerant-operated battery cooler (direct evaporator).
  • a vehicle air conditioning system is known from DE 198 39 477 A1, in which after a refrigerant condenser and a liquid collector, a first branch of the refrigerant circuit is provided, at which the refrigerant is branched into a first refrigerant flow and a second refrigerant flow.
  • the first refrigerant flow flows via a first expansion element to an evaporator as a heat exchanger, while a second refrigerant flow via a second expansion element to an additional heat exchanger, which is heated by a HV (high-voltage) battery.
  • HV high-voltage
  • Such additional heat exchanger for a high-voltage battery are usually for reasons of optimal geometric and functional arrangement (Package) in the rear of the vehicle.
  • the respective temperature-controlled expansion element is usually accommodated together with the evaporator or the additional heat exchanger or in direct proximity to the evaporator or the additional heat exchanger installed.
  • DE 102 18 539 A1 describes a device for cooling a battery pack for a vehicle having a source of cooling gas, a pump or a compressor for compressing the cooling gas and a high-pressure line system, which is in fluid communication with the pump and the compressed cooling gas feeds the battery pack, an expansion valve, which is in fluid communication with the high-pressure piping system and causes a decompression of the cooling gas and a low-pressure piping system, which is in fluid communication with the expansion valve comprises.
  • the cooling gas is passed through the entire battery pack and the same quickly cooled unevenly.
  • DE 10 2008 027 293 A1 relates to a device for cooling a vehicle battery, which comprises a plurality of electrical storage elements and a heat sink with channels for flowing through with a fluid body.
  • the storage elements are in thermal contact with the heat sink, thereby transferring heat of the storage elements to the fluid.
  • Such a refrigeration system of a vehicle with a refrigerant circuit comprises:
  • a first refrigerant circuit for the interior air conditioning of the vehicle with a refrigerant compressor, a condenser or gas cooler and an evaporator with an associated expansion element,
  • a second refrigerant circuit with a provided for coupling to a heat source heat exchanger with associated expansion element
  • this refrigeration system can have an internal heat exchanger and a refrigerant collector.
  • connection geometry is created with which the course of the refrigerant in favor of the second cooling circuit is preferred, so that a sufficient mass flow is available for cooling the heat source.
  • This connecting geometry according to the invention realized by the branching device consists in the fact that the flow profile predetermined by the refrigerant line section is maintained for the first partial mass flow and thus no deflection takes place from the predetermined direction of the refrigerant pipe section. This reduces the flow resistance of the first partial mass flow with the consequence of the preference of the refrigerant flow in favor of the heat exchanger provided for cooling the heat source.
  • a further advantage is that evaporator-controlled regulation of the refrigerant compressor can also be realized for the refrigeration system according to the invention, which is particularly relevant for hybrid vehicles or electric vehicles.
  • the branching device is designed to divert a second partial mass flow from the refrigerant for the air-conditioning evaporator by deflecting it from the direction of the refrigerant line section.
  • this second partial mass flow of the refrigerant thus generated, there is an increased flow resistance in comparison to the first partial mass flow, so that the flow course of the refrigerant in the direction of the second refrigerant circuit is also preferred therewith.
  • the coolant conduit section has a straight or curved course.
  • the flow path of the refrigerant in the direction of the second cooling circuit is not substantially hindered.
  • the branching device is designed as a 3-Wegeucunsanordung.
  • the branching means comprises an inlet portion and an outlet portion aligned with the same, and a branch portion not aligned with the inlet and outlet portions.
  • pressure loss optimization is achieved by providing a return line of the heat exchanger between its exit and a connection point between the air conditioning evaporator and the cold compressor having at least the same cross section or a larger cross section compared to the cross section the line sections of the evaporator branch is formed between the branching device and the connection point.
  • a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that in a caused by the prioritization of the refrigerant pipe section refrigerant deficit in the air-evaporator in dependence of a temperature detected by a temperature sensor, the power of the refrigerant compressor is increased regardless of the state of the heat exchanger.
  • the return lines of the air-conditioner evaporator and the heat exchanger on the same pressure losses is further education achieved in that at least one same cross-section is used.
  • a detailed Ab- tuning can be done over the respective length of the line sections after the evaporators to the connector and the expected mass flow of the refrigerant. The goal, however, is that the pressure loss in both lines is of the same order of magnitude in order to be able to realize the same evaporation temperature at the evaporator outlet of both heat exchangers.
  • Figure 1 is a circuit diagram of an embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 2 shows a detailed perspective view I of a line branching of the refrigeration system according to FIG. 1 between the air conditioning compressor and the heat exchanger provided for cooling the heat source.
  • the refrigeration system 10 of a vehicle according to FIG. 1 consists of a refrigerant circuit 1 with a first refrigeration circuit 1 .1 and a second refrigeration circuit 1 .2.
  • the first refrigeration circuit 1 .1 is used for the interior air conditioning of the vehicle and comprises a refrigerant compressor 2, a condenser or gas cooler 3, a refrigerant collector 7 and a climate evaporator 4 with upstream expansion element 4.1, wherein this component flows through in the listed order of a refrigerant become.
  • a supply air flow L2 supplied to the vehicle interior is dehumidified and / or cooled by means of the climate evaporator 4 and the heat absorbed thereby is removed via the condenser or gas cooler 3 to an ambient air flow L1.
  • the air-conditioning evaporator 4 is located together with its expansion element 4.1 in an evaporator branch 4.0 extending between a branching device 6 and a branching point P, wherein the refrigerant flow through the air-conditioning evaporator 4 can be switched off by means of a shut-off valve 4.2 arranged in this evaporator branch 4.0.
  • a pressure sensor 8 With a pressure sensor 8, the pressure of the refrigerant at the inlet of the condenser or gas cooler 3 is detected.
  • a temperature sensor 9 in the region of the supply air flow L2 serves for detecting the air temperature at the outlet of the air-conditioning evaporator 4.
  • the air-conditioning evaporator 4 is optionally arranged with further components in an air conditioning unit of the vehicle.
  • a second refrigeration circuit 1 .2 is connected to the first refrigeration circuit 1 .1 in order to cool a heat source 5.0 by means of a heat exchanger 5 arranged in the second refrigeration circuit 1 .2.
  • This heat source 5.0 represents, for example, a high-voltage battery (HV battery) with which, for example, an electric drive machine of a hybrid vehicle or a pure electric vehicle is driven.
  • a power electronics to be cooled or other electrical component of the vehicle to be cooled also represents such a heat source 5.0.
  • This second refrigeration circuit 1 .2 consists of a feed line 1 .21, which the branching device 6 via a shut-off 5.2 with an inlet E of the heat exchanger. 5 connects with its associated expansion element 5.1.
  • a return line 1 .20 of the second refrigerant circuit 1 .2 connects an outlet A of the heat exchanger 5 with the connection point P.
  • the branching device 6 is arranged in a line section 1 .0 of the refrigerant circuit 1, which is supplied via a connected to the condenser or gas cooler 3 and the refrigerant collector 7 line section 1 .10 a mass flow mo as the total mass flow of the refrigerant. From this mass flow mo is by means of the branching device 6 on the one hand, a partial mass flow in which is expanded via the feed line 1 .21 with opened shut-off valve 5.2 by means of the expansion element 5.1 in the heat exchanger 5, and on the other hand, a second partial mass flow nri2, which at open shut-off valve 4.2 is relaxed by means of the expansion element 4.1 in the air-conditioner evaporator 4, branched off.
  • the branching device 6 is set up such that the flow profile of the first partial mass flow mi follows the course of the refrigerant line section 1 .0, as will be explained in more detail below with reference to the detail I according to FIG.
  • This figure 2 shows the refrigerant line section 1 .0 with the branching device 6, to which the evaporator branch 4.0 is connected.
  • the branching device 6 connects a line section 1 .100 of the connecting line 1 .10 with a line section 1 .210 of the inlet line 1 .21 of the heat exchanger 5.
  • the branching device 6 consists of an inlet section 6.1, an outlet section 6.2 and a branch section 6.3.
  • the inlet and outlet sections 6.1 and 6.2 are oriented in alignment with one another such that the first partial mass flow branched off from the mass flow mo follows in the course of the two line sections 1 .100 and 1 .210.
  • the two line sections 1 .100 and 1 .210 run in a straight line, this also leads to a straight-line flow path or flow path.
  • the two line sections 1 .100 and 1 .210 form an arcuate course, the flow path or flow path of the first partial mass flow mi is also adapted to this continuous arcuate course.
  • the first partial mass flow nm is therefore not deflected by the branching device 6 from the course predetermined by the direction of the two line sections 1 .100 and 1 .210.
  • the second partial mass flow nri2 is deflected from this predetermined flow direction by means of the branching device 6.
  • this branching device 6 is designed such that according to Figure 2, the second partial mass flow nri2 is diverted by a two-fold 90 ° deflection from the mass flow mo and flows into the evaporator branch 4.0.
  • the pressure loss ratios between the first refrigerant circuit 1 .1 and the second refrigeration circuit 1 .2 are adjusted, as a result, similar pressures are present on the suction side of the refrigerant compressor 2, which at the same evaporation pressures and thus also the same Evaporation temperatures at the air conditioning evaporator 4 and the heat exchanger 5 lead. If too little mass flow mo is supplied by the refrigerant compressor 2, control via the evaporator outlet temperature causes the compressor speed to be increased and thus more refrigerant to be circulated.
  • the heat exchanger 5 also receives more refrigerant.
  • the branching geometry according to the invention in the region of the refrigerant line section 1 .0 becomes due to the prioritization of the refrigerant flow in the feed line achieved.
  • tion 1 .21 sufficient refrigerant to the heat exchanger 5 for cooling the heat source 5.0 provided.
  • expansion element 4.1 of the air-conditioner evaporator 4 is designed as a thermal expansion valve (TXV) or an electrical expansion element (EXV), this is opened at an increased overheating.
  • TXV thermal expansion valve
  • EXV electrical expansion element
  • the return line 1 .20 of the heat exchanger 5 is adapted to the line cross sections of the evaporator branch 4.0 to further optimize the pressure losses in the first and second refrigerant circuits 1 .1 and 1 .2 by the line cross-section of the return line 1 .20 at least equal to or greater than that of the evaporator branch 4.0 is selected, whereby its flow resistance despite the long connecting lines in the rear carriage reduced and thereby the prioritization of the refrigerant flow in the second refrigerant circuit 1 .2 still reinforced and thereby an improved cooling capacity of the heat exchanger 5 is achieved.
  • oil return problems can be avoided.

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif de réfrigération d'un véhicule comprenant un circuit de réfrigération (10). Le dispositif comporte un premier circuit de réfrigération (1.1) pour la climatisation de l'habitacle du véhicule, pourvu d'un compresseur frigorifique (2), d'un condenseur ou d'un refroidisseur de gaz (3) et d'un évaporateur de climatisation (4) comprenant un organe d'expansion associé (4.1), un deuxième circuit de réfrigération (1.2) pourvu d'un échangeur de chaleur destiné à être couplé à une source de chaleur (5.0), comprenant un organe d'expansion (5.1) associé, et un segment de conduite de réfrigérant (1.0) monté en amont du condenseur ou du refroidisseur de gaz (3) pour relier le premier circuit de réfrigération (1.1) au deuxième circuit de réfrigération (1.2), comprenant un dispositif de ramification (6) qui est conçu pour dériver un premier flux massique partiel (m) du réfrigérant pour le deuxième circuit de réfrigération (1.2) avec un profil d'écoulement correspondant au segment de conduite de réfrigérant (1.0).
PCT/EP2018/065830 2017-07-20 2018-06-14 Dispositif de réfrigération comportant un circuit de réfrigération WO2019015891A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102017212479.2 2017-07-20
DE102017212479.2A DE102017212479A1 (de) 2017-07-20 2017-07-20 Kälteanlage eines Fahrzeugs mit einem Kältemittelkreislauf

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WO (1) WO2019015891A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113302438A (zh) * 2019-02-05 2021-08-24 奥迪股份公司 用于运行具有制冷介质回路的车辆制冷设备的方法

Citations (9)

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DE19839477A1 (de) 1998-08-29 2000-03-09 Bosch Gmbh Robert Vorrichtung zur Wärmeableitung an einem Kraftfahrzeug
DE10218539A1 (de) 2001-05-03 2002-11-07 Ford Global Tech Inc Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Kühlung eines Batteriesatzes
DE102007061577A1 (de) * 2007-12-18 2009-06-25 Behr Gmbh & Co. Kg Vorrichtung zur Kühlung einer Wärmequelle eines Kraftfahrzeugs
DE102008027293A1 (de) 2008-06-06 2009-12-10 Behr Gmbh & Co. Kg Vorrichtung zur Kühlung einer Fahrzeugbatterie
DE102010042127A1 (de) * 2010-10-07 2012-04-12 Audi Ag Kältemittelkreislauf einer Klimaanlage eines Kraftfahrzeuges
DE102011053894A1 (de) * 2010-11-23 2012-05-24 Visteon Global Technologies, Inc. Kälteanlage mit Kältemittelverdampferanordnung und Verfahren zur parallelen Luft- und Batteriekontaktkühlung
DE112013004046T5 (de) * 2012-08-13 2015-06-25 Calsonic Kansei Corporation Wärmeverwaltungssystem für ein Elektrofahrzeug und Steuerverfahren hierfür
DE102014108993A1 (de) * 2014-06-26 2015-12-31 Valeo Klimasysteme Gmbh Batteriekühlersystem
DE102015004262A1 (de) * 2015-04-01 2016-10-06 Audi Ag Fahrzeugklimaanlage mit einem Kältemittelkreislauf

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US20090249802A1 (en) * 2008-04-04 2009-10-08 Gm Global Technology Operations, Inc. Vehicle HVAC and Battery Thermal Management

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19839477A1 (de) 1998-08-29 2000-03-09 Bosch Gmbh Robert Vorrichtung zur Wärmeableitung an einem Kraftfahrzeug
DE10218539A1 (de) 2001-05-03 2002-11-07 Ford Global Tech Inc Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Kühlung eines Batteriesatzes
DE102007061577A1 (de) * 2007-12-18 2009-06-25 Behr Gmbh & Co. Kg Vorrichtung zur Kühlung einer Wärmequelle eines Kraftfahrzeugs
DE102008027293A1 (de) 2008-06-06 2009-12-10 Behr Gmbh & Co. Kg Vorrichtung zur Kühlung einer Fahrzeugbatterie
DE102010042127A1 (de) * 2010-10-07 2012-04-12 Audi Ag Kältemittelkreislauf einer Klimaanlage eines Kraftfahrzeuges
DE102011053894A1 (de) * 2010-11-23 2012-05-24 Visteon Global Technologies, Inc. Kälteanlage mit Kältemittelverdampferanordnung und Verfahren zur parallelen Luft- und Batteriekontaktkühlung
DE112013004046T5 (de) * 2012-08-13 2015-06-25 Calsonic Kansei Corporation Wärmeverwaltungssystem für ein Elektrofahrzeug und Steuerverfahren hierfür
DE102014108993A1 (de) * 2014-06-26 2015-12-31 Valeo Klimasysteme Gmbh Batteriekühlersystem
DE102015004262A1 (de) * 2015-04-01 2016-10-06 Audi Ag Fahrzeugklimaanlage mit einem Kältemittelkreislauf

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113302438A (zh) * 2019-02-05 2021-08-24 奥迪股份公司 用于运行具有制冷介质回路的车辆制冷设备的方法

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