WO2019015454A1 - 一种地埋电缆防误开挖预警装置 - Google Patents

一种地埋电缆防误开挖预警装置 Download PDF

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WO2019015454A1
WO2019015454A1 PCT/CN2018/093299 CN2018093299W WO2019015454A1 WO 2019015454 A1 WO2019015454 A1 WO 2019015454A1 CN 2018093299 W CN2018093299 W CN 2018093299W WO 2019015454 A1 WO2019015454 A1 WO 2019015454A1
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Prior art keywords
fiber
mode
vibration
optical fiber
multimode
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PCT/CN2018/093299
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English (en)
French (fr)
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周利军
周韫捷
蒋晓娟
闵红
楼铁城
俞瑾华
陈佳
马凯波
温德康
叶颋
韩琴琴
安然
杨天宇
宣辰杨
周颖
吴辰斌
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国网上海市电力公司
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Priority to US16/466,972 priority Critical patent/US11035720B2/en
Priority to JP2019559157A priority patent/JP6895542B2/ja
Publication of WO2019015454A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019015454A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
    • G01H9/00—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by using radiation-sensitive means, e.g. optical means
    • G01H9/004—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by using radiation-sensitive means, e.g. optical means using fibre optic sensors
    • G01H9/006—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by using radiation-sensitive means, e.g. optical means using fibre optic sensors the vibrations causing a variation in the relative position of the end of a fibre and another element
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
    • G01H9/00—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by using radiation-sensitive means, e.g. optical means
    • G01H9/004—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by using radiation-sensitive means, e.g. optical means using fibre optic sensors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
    • H01B7/18—Protection against damage caused by wear, mechanical force or pressure; Sheaths; Armouring
    • H01B7/1805—Protections not provided for in groups H01B7/182 - H01B7/26
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/32—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form with arrangements for indicating defects, e.g. breaks or leaks
    • H01B7/326—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form with arrangements for indicating defects, e.g. breaks or leaks comprising pressure sensing means

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a safety monitoring technology for electric buried cables, in particular to an anti-missing early warning device for buried cables.
  • Buried cable anti-missing excavation generally uses buried warning tape or vibrating optical cable to detect.
  • Buried warning tape belongs to post-warning warning and does not have online monitoring function. Vibration cable monitoring can predict the early warning of the situation in advance.
  • the sensitivity of the MZ fiber interferometer is high, and the signal output is a time-varying multi-frequency coherent wave train. Different events appear as different cosine wave trains. It is difficult to select appropriate event judgment criteria, which causes false alarms caused by such systems against wind and rain and other environmental noises. More.
  • the white optical fiber interferometer is similar in structure to MZ, but the light source uses a wide-spectrum light source. The output signal of the interferometer is a wave packet that moves left and right with the external vibration signal. Due to the presence of environmental noise and circuit noise, the signal-to-noise ratio of the signal is relatively poor. The rate of false positives is high.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an anti-missing early warning device for a buried cable in order to overcome the defects of the prior art described above.
  • An anti-missing early warning device for a buried cable comprises a fiber optic vibration sensor with a pattern recognition function, a signal processing unit, a wireless communication unit and a power supply unit, wherein the signal processing unit is respectively connected with a fiber optic vibration sensor, a wireless communication unit and a power supply The unit is connected, and the optical fiber vibration sensor is installed in the set range of the cable, and is used for real-time monitoring of the vibration signal around the cable.
  • an alarm is made in time to reduce the occurrence of the power transmission and transformation accident.
  • the optical fiber vibration sensor with mode recognition function is an inter-mode conversion vibration optical fiber sensor, and its output varies with vibration intensity and vibration frequency.
  • the optical fiber vibration sensor includes a photo-emitter LD, a photo-receiver PD, a single-mode fiber, a multi-mode fiber, and a mirror, and the photo-emitter LD and the photo-receiver PD are respectively connected to one end of the single-mode fiber.
  • the other end of the single mode fiber is connected to one end of the multimode fiber, and the other end of the multimode fiber is connected to the mirror.
  • the photoemitter LD and the photoreceiver PD are respectively connected to the single mode fiber through a coupler.
  • the single mode fiber and the multimode fiber are connected by fusion bonding.
  • the present invention adopts an inter-mode conversion vibrating optical fiber sensor whose output varies with the vibration intensity and the vibration frequency, and has the characteristics of low false alarm, fast response, and accurate positioning interval, and the pattern recognition function is adopted.
  • the fiber-optic vibration sensing device is deployed near the cable to monitor the vibration signal around the cable in real time. Once there is a risk of cable safety, such as mechanical excavation, an alarm is issued in time to reduce the occurrence of power transmission and transformation accidents.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an intermode conversion fiber vibration sensor of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the transition between modes.
  • the buried cable anti-missing early warning device of the invention comprises a fiber optic vibration sensor with a pattern recognition function, a signal processing unit, a wireless communication unit and a power supply unit, wherein the signal processing unit is respectively connected with the optical fiber vibration sensor, the wireless communication unit and the power supply The unit is connected, and the optical fiber vibration sensor is installed in the set range of the cable, and is used for real-time monitoring of the vibration signal around the cable.
  • the signal processing unit is respectively connected with the optical fiber vibration sensor, the wireless communication unit and the power supply
  • the unit is connected, and the optical fiber vibration sensor is installed in the set range of the cable, and is used for real-time monitoring of the vibration signal around the cable.
  • the optical fiber vibration sensor with mode recognition function is an inter-mode conversion vibration optical fiber sensor whose output varies with vibration intensity and vibration frequency.
  • the optical fiber vibration sensor includes a photo-emitter LD, a photoreceiver PD, a single-mode optical fiber 1, a multimode optical fiber 2, and a mirror 3.
  • the photo-emitter LD and the photo-receiver PD are respectively The other end of the single mode fiber 1 is connected to one end of the multimode fiber 2, and the other end of the multimode fiber 2 is connected to the mirror 3.
  • the photoemitter LD and the photoreceiver PD are respectively connected to the single mode fiber 1 through the coupler 4.
  • the single mode fiber and the multimode fiber are connected by fusion bonding.
  • the single-mode fiber can only transmit the fundamental mode. With this feature, the laser output and the laser pass through the coupler into the single-mode fiber.
  • the single-mode fiber is also used as the communication fiber, and a multimode fiber is fused at the end of the single-mode fiber as a vibration transmission.
  • the optical fiber is connected to a mirror at the end of the multimode fiber to return the optical path to the end of the multimode fiber.
  • the single-mode fiber can only transmit the fundamental mode, when the light enters the multimode fiber from the single-mode fiber, it is still transmitted in the fundamental mode. However, when the multimode fiber is bent, the light is transmitted away from the fundamental mode and becomes a higher-order mode. Propagation in a mode fiber, when it propagates to the end of a multimode fiber, is returned by the mirror (Fig.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Mechanical Vibrations Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
  • Emergency Alarm Devices (AREA)
  • Laying Of Electric Cables Or Lines Outside (AREA)
  • Optical Couplings Of Light Guides (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种地埋电缆防误开挖预警装置，包括具有模式识别功能的光纤振动传感器、信号处理单元、无线通讯单元和供电单元，所述的信号处理单元分别与光纤振动传感器、无线通讯单元和供电单元连接，所述的光纤振动传感器安装在电缆的设定范围内，用于实时监测电缆周围的振动信号，一旦出现可能危电缆安全的行为，及时作出报警，减少输变电事故的发生。与现有技术相比，本发明具有误报低、反应快、定位区间准确等优点。

Description

一种地埋电缆防误开挖预警装置 技术领域
本发明涉及电力埋地电缆安全监测技术，尤其是涉及一种地埋电缆防误开挖预警装置。
背景技术
埋地电缆防误开挖一般采用埋地警示带或者振动光缆探测，埋地警示带属于事后预警不具备在线监测功能，利用振动光缆监测可以提前预知现场情况提前预警。
目前振动光缆检测振动的机理有三种MZ光纤干涉仪、白光光纤干涉以及模间变换。MZ光纤干涉仪灵敏度高，信号输出为时变多频余玄波列，不同的事件表现为不同的余弦波列，很难选择合适的事件判断标准，导致这类系统对风雨等环境噪声引起的误报较多。而白光光纤干涉仪结构上与MZ相似，但光源采用宽光谱光源，干涉仪输出信号是随着外界振动信号左右移动的波包，由于环境噪声、电路噪声的存在，信号的信噪比较差，误报率较高。
发明内容
本发明的目的就是为了克服上述现有技术存在的缺陷而提供一种地埋电缆防误开挖预警装置。
本发明的目的可以通过以下技术方案来实现：
一种地埋电缆防误开挖预警装置，包括具有模式识别功能的光纤振动传感器、信号处理单元、无线通讯单元和供电单元，所述的信号处理单元分别与光纤振动传感器、无线通讯单元和供电单元连接，所述的光纤振动传感器安装在电缆的设定范围内，用于实时监测电缆周围的振动信号，一旦出现可能危电缆安全的行为，及时作出报警，减少输变电事故的发生。
所述的具有模式识别功能的光纤振动传感器为模间变换振动光纤传感器，其输出随振动强度及振动频率而变化。
所述的光纤振动传感器包括光电发射器LD、光电接收器PD、单模光纤、多模光纤和反光镜，所述的光电发射器LD、光电接收器PD分别与单模光纤一端连接，所述的单模光纤另一端与多模光纤一端连接，所述的多模光纤另一端与反光镜连接。
所述的光电发射器LD、光电接收器PD分别通过耦合器与单模光纤连接。
所述的单模光纤与多模光纤通过熔接方式连接。
当光从单模光纤进入多模光纤时，仍然以基模传出，但当多模光纤弯曲时，该光便脱离基模传输，变为高阶模在多模光纤中传播，当其传播到多模光纤末端时，被反射镜返回，仍然以高阶模传输，当其传输到到单模光纤时，由于该光不再是基模，因而不能通过单模光纤到达光电探测器PD，但当多模光纤被扰动时，由于光纤的振动使高阶模转传输到单模光纤时变为基模，从而得以在光电探测器PD上探测到光信号，由于多模光纤的振动，使得PD探测到的光随着光纤的振动而变化，当光纤不存在振动时，光电探测器PD的输出将是一条直线。
与现有技术相比，本发明采用模间变换振动光纤传感器，其输出随振动强度及振动频率而变化，具有误报低、反应快、定位区间准确的特点，将这种具有模式识别功能的光纤振动传感设备部署在电缆附近，实时监测电缆周围的振动信号，一旦出现可能危电缆安全的行为如机械开挖，及时作出报警，减少输变电事故的发生。
附图说明
图1为本发明模间转换光纤振动传感器原理图；
图2为模间转换示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明的一部分实施例，而不是全部实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动的前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都应属于本发明保护的范围。
本发明地埋电缆防误开挖预警装置，包括具有模式识别功能的光纤振动传感器、信号处理单元、无线通讯单元和供电单元，所述的信号处理单元分别与光纤振动传感器、无线通讯单元和供电单元连接，所述的光纤振动传感器安装在电缆的设定范围内，用于实时监测电缆周围的振动信号，一旦出现可能危电缆安全的行为，及时作出报警，减少输变电事故的发生。
所述的具有模式识别功能的光纤振动传感器为模间变换振动光纤传感器，其输出 随振动强度及振动频率而变化。
如图1所示，所述的光纤振动传感器包括光电发射器LD、光电接收器PD、单模光纤1、多模光纤2和反光镜3，所述的光电发射器LD、光电接收器PD分别与单模光纤1一端连接，所述的单模光纤1另一端与多模光纤2一端连接，所述的多模光纤2另一端与反光镜3连接。所述的光电发射器LD、光电接收器PD分别通过耦合器4与单模光纤1连接。所述的单模光纤与多模光纤通过熔接方式连接。
单模光纤只能传输基模，利用这一特性，将激光器输出的及激光通过耦合器进入单模光纤，该单模光纤同时作为通信光纤，在单模光纤末端熔接一段多模光纤作为振动传感光纤，在多模光纤末端接一反射镜，使到达多模光纤末端的光原路返回。
由于单模光纤只能传输基模，当光从单模光纤进入多模光纤时，仍然以基模传出，但当多模光纤弯曲时，该光便脱离基模传输，变为高阶模在多模光纤中传播，当其传播到多模光纤末端时，被反射镜返回(图1)，仍然以高阶模传输，当其传输到到单模光纤时，由于该光不再是基模，因而不能通过单模光纤到达光电探测器PD，但当多模光纤被扰动时，由于光纤的振动使高阶模转传输到单模光纤时变为基模，从而得以在PD上探测到光信号，由于多模光纤的振动，使得PD探测到的光随着光纤的振动而变化，当光纤不存在振动时，PD的输出将是一条直线。因而其输出信号将会是与外界振动保持一定光关系的振动包络。
以上所述，仅为本发明的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到各种等效的修改或替换，这些修改或替换都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。因此，本发明的保护范围应以权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (6)

  1. 一种地埋电缆防误开挖预警装置，其特征在于，包括具有模式识别功能的光纤振动传感器、信号处理单元、无线通讯单元和供电单元，所述的信号处理单元分别与光纤振动传感器、无线通讯单元和供电单元连接，所述的光纤振动传感器安装在电缆的设定范围内，用于实时监测电缆周围的振动信号，一旦出现可能危电缆安全的行为，及时作出报警，减少输变电事故的发生。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种地埋电缆防误开挖预警装置，其特征在于，所述的具有模式识别功能的光纤振动传感器为模间变换振动光纤传感器，其输出随振动强度及振动频率而变化。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种地埋电缆防误开挖预警装置，其特征在于，所述的光纤振动传感器包括光电发射器LD、光电接收器PD、单模光纤、多模光纤和反光镜，所述的光电发射器LD、光电接收器PD分别与单模光纤一端连接，所述的单模光纤另一端与多模光纤一端连接，所述的多模光纤另一端与反光镜连接。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的一种地埋电缆防误开挖预警装置，其特征在于，所述的光电发射器LD、光电接收器PD分别通过耦合器与单模光纤连接。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的一种地埋电缆防误开挖预警装置，其特征在于，所述的单模光纤与多模光纤通过熔接方式连接。
  6. 根据权利要求3所述的一种地埋电缆防误开挖预警装置，其特征在于，当光从单模光纤进入多模光纤时，仍然以基模传出，但当多模光纤弯曲时，该光便脱离基模传输，变为高阶模在多模光纤中传播，当其传播到多模光纤末端时，被反射镜返回，仍然以高阶模传输，当其传输到到单模光纤时，由于该光不再是基模，因而不能通过单模光纤到达光电探测器PD，但当多模光纤被扰动时，由于光纤的振动使高阶模转传输到单模光纤时变为基模，从而得以在光电探测器PD上探测到光信号，由于多模光纤的振动，使得PD探测到的光随着光纤的振动而变化，当光纤不存在振动时，光电探测器PD的输出将是一条直线。
PCT/CN2018/093299 2017-07-21 2018-06-28 一种地埋电缆防误开挖预警装置 WO2019015454A1 (zh)

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JP2019559157A JP6895542B2 (ja) 2017-07-21 2018-06-28 埋設電力ケーブルが間違って掘削されることを防止する警報装置

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