WO2019014863A1 - 一种控制机床轴移动的方法及相关设备 - Google Patents

一种控制机床轴移动的方法及相关设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019014863A1
WO2019014863A1 PCT/CN2017/093481 CN2017093481W WO2019014863A1 WO 2019014863 A1 WO2019014863 A1 WO 2019014863A1 CN 2017093481 W CN2017093481 W CN 2017093481W WO 2019014863 A1 WO2019014863 A1 WO 2019014863A1
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axis
channel
preset
machine
correspondence
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PCT/CN2017/093481
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English (en)
French (fr)
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庞华冲
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深圳配天智能技术研究院有限公司
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Priority to PCT/CN2017/093481 priority Critical patent/WO2019014863A1/zh
Priority to CN201780092633.1A priority patent/CN110799914B/zh
Publication of WO2019014863A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019014863A1/zh

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    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05BCONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B19/00Programme-control systems
    • G05B19/02Programme-control systems electric
    • G05B19/18Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form
    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05BCONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B19/00Programme-control systems
    • G05B19/02Programme-control systems electric
    • G05B19/418Total factory control, i.e. centrally controlling a plurality of machines, e.g. direct or distributed numerical control [DNC], flexible manufacturing systems [FMS], integrated manufacturing systems [IMS], computer integrated manufacturing [CIM]
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P90/00Enabling technologies with a potential contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
    • Y02P90/02Total factory control, e.g. smart factories, flexible manufacturing systems [FMS] or integrated manufacturing systems [IMS]

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of numerical control technology, in particular to a method and a related device for controlling movement of a machine tool shaft.
  • the CNC system software When the CNC system software is initialized, it will read in the axis configuration set by the user, and establish a data structure for the axis in each channel (hereinafter referred to as the channel axis) to express the attributes of the axis, such as the serial number of the axis in the channel. (hereinafter referred to as the channel axis number), the reference position of the axis, the maximum acceleration, and so on.
  • the channel axis to express the attributes of the axis, such as the serial number of the axis in the channel.
  • Each channel of the CNC system software includes a path planning module and an interpolation module, both of which can access the data structure of the channel axis, and are synthesized by the path planning module according to the movement amount of each axis described by the processing program after the start of processing.
  • Geometric curves such as straight lines or arcs (including three-dimensional arcs, spirals, and spirals), calculate the necessary geometric feature parameters, and then use the interpolation module to densify and calculate the interpolation points on these geometric curves to obtain each interpolation.
  • the moving speed and moving distance of each axis in the cycle are examples of the path planning module.
  • the path planning module and the interpolation module need to know the relationship between each axis and the coordinate system.
  • the fourth channel axis is parallel to the coordinate system X axis
  • the second axis is parallel to the coordinate system Z axis
  • the first axis and the fifth axis are rotation axes
  • the third axis The axis is the main axis; then the path planning needs to use the 4th axis and the 2nd axis to synthesize the geometric curve, calculate the displacement of the rotation motion separately for the 1st and 5th axes, and additionally calculate the spindle displacement; the interpolation data should also be corresponding to the interpolation data.
  • the path planning module and the interpolation module need to read the channel axis configuration of the channel axis module to perform its own process, and since each channel axis is randomly configured during configuration, the path planning module The interpolation module needs to be coupled with the channel control module to transmit the path planning data and the interpolation data of each machine axis to the respective axis drivers correspondingly, which results in an inflexible implementation.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a method and a related device for controlling movement of a machine tool axis, which are used to cancel the coupling between a path planning module and an interpolation module and a channel control module in a multi-axis multi-channel system, so that when the machine axis is moved
  • the implementation is more flexible.
  • a first aspect of an embodiment of the present invention provides a method of controlling movement of a machine axis, comprising:
  • the preset axis mapping relationship is a correspondence relationship between the machine axis and the channel axis in the second channel;
  • the method before the determining the second channel axis according to the first channel axis and the preset inverse mapping relationship, the method further includes:
  • the determining, according to the first correspondence and the preset mapping rule, the second correspondence includes:
  • the machine tool axis parallel to the geometric axis is arranged to the first preset channel axis position in the second channel;
  • the spindle is used Arranging a machine tool shaft to a second preset channel axis position in the second passage;
  • the machine axis that is not the spindle or the machine axis that is not parallel to the geometric axis is arranged to a third preset channel axis position in the second channel;
  • the second preset relationship is determined by arranging the first preset channel axis position, the second preset channel axis position, and the third preset channel axis position according to a preset rule.
  • the first preset channel axis position is left blank.
  • the third preset channel axis position is left blank.
  • the method further includes:
  • Step 1 determining a first machine tool axis corresponding to the second channel axis in the second correspondence relationship
  • Step 2 determining a first channel axis corresponding to the first machine tool axis in the first correspondence relationship
  • Step 3 determining that the second channel axis in the second correspondence corresponds to the first channel axis in the first correspondence relationship
  • a second aspect of the embodiments of the present invention provides a device for controlling movement of a machine tool shaft, including:
  • a processor a storage medium, and an input and output interface
  • the processor for calling the program code to perform a method of controlling movement of a machine tool shaft as described in any one of the means for controlling movement of a machine tool axis.
  • a third aspect of the embodiments of the present invention provides a numerical control machine tool, including:
  • Control system drive, machine body
  • the control system is communicatively coupled to the driver
  • the driver is mounted on the machine body and is used to drive a machine axis on the machine body Move
  • the control system includes a processor for performing the following steps.
  • the preset axis mapping relationship is a correspondence relationship between the machine axis and the channel axis in the second channel;
  • each path of the numerical control system software includes a path planning module and an interpolation module, and the path planning module and the interpolation module can access the data structure of the channel axis.
  • the data structure of the first channel axis used in the numerical control system software can be obtained, through the preset inverse mapping relationship and Presetting the axis mapping relationship, determining the machine axis corresponding to the used channel axis, and determining the path planning data and the interpolation data of the channel axis by calculating the data structure of the used channel axis, and The path planning data and the interpolation data are sent to the driver of the machine axis corresponding to the channel axis.
  • the machine axis can be determined without reading the channel axis configuration, since the channel axis configuration is controlled by the channel axis control module. Provided, therefore, the cooperation of the channel axis control module is not required in the embodiment of the present invention to determine each machine tool And path planning data and interpolation data corresponding to the respective transmitting drive machine axis, more flexible manner.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a method for controlling movement of a machine tool shaft according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of a method for controlling movement of a machine tool shaft according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a hardware structural diagram of an apparatus for controlling movement of a machine tool shaft in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • an embodiment of a method for controlling movement of a machine tool axis in an embodiment of the present invention includes:
  • the axis configuration set by the user is read in, and a data structure is established for the axis in each channel (hereinafter referred to as the channel axis) to express the axis. Attributes, such as the number of the axis in the channel, the reference point position of the axis, the maximum acceleration, etc.
  • the data structure of the first channel axis in the first channel is used in the CNC system software.
  • the means for controlling the movement of the machine axis can extract the data structure of the first channel axis from the numerical control system software.
  • the inverse relationship of the preset is the correspondence between the first channel axis and the second channel axis
  • the second channel axis is the second channel and the second channel.
  • each channel of the numerical control system software includes a path planning module and an interpolation module, and the path planning module and the interpolation module can access the data structure of the channel axis, and control the machine tool when the numerical control system starts running.
  • the axis control device control path planning module synthesizes geometric curves such as straight lines or arcs (including three-dimensional arcs, spirals, and spirals) according to the amount of movement of the second channel axis described by the data structure of the second channel axis, and calculates necessary The geometric characteristic parameters, then control the interpolation module to extract and calculate the difference between the geometric curves, and obtain the movement data and the moving distance of the second channel axis in the interpolation period.
  • the preset axis mapping relationship is the correspondence relationship between the machine axis and the channel axis in the second channel, when the data structure of the second channel axis is known, the preset axis mapping relationship can be used to determine the corresponding corresponding to the second channel axis.
  • Target machine axis the preset axis mapping relationship
  • step 103 the path planning data and the interpolation data of the second channel axis can be calculated through step 103.
  • the target machine axis can be determined through step 104.
  • Step 103 is performed first, and step 104 may be performed first, or may be performed at the same time, which is not limited.
  • the device that controls the movement of the machine axis can move the moving speed of the second channel axis and move.
  • the driver corresponding to the target machine tool after receiving the moving speed and the moving distance of the second channel axis, the driver corresponding to the target machine axis can drive the target machine axis to move at the moving speed of the second channel axis, and at the target The movement of the machine axis stops after reaching the moving distance of the second channel axis.
  • each path of the numerical control system software includes a path planning module and an interpolation module, and both the path planning module and the interpolation module can access the data structure of the channel axis, when in the numerical control system.
  • the CNC system software calculates the data structure of the channel axis.
  • the user operates the CNC machine, it does not need to care about the actual position of the machine axis, because of the relationship between the preset inverse mapping and the preset.
  • the axis mapping relationship can determine the position of the machine axis by the channel axis, and since the configuration of the existing medium channel axis is random, the path planning module and the interpolation module need to be coupled with the channel control module to read the channel axis configuration, and then The position of the machine tool axis is determined. Therefore, compared with the prior art, the path planning module and the interpolation module of the present invention can determine the position of the machine axis without being coupled with the channel control module, and the implementation manner is more flexible.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of a method for controlling movement of a machine tool axis according to an embodiment of the present invention, including:
  • the axis configuration set by the user is read in, and a data structure is established for the axis in each channel (hereinafter referred to as the channel axis) to express the axis. Attributes, such as the number of the axis in the channel, the reference point position of the axis, the maximum acceleration, etc.
  • the numerical system software uses the data structure of the first channel axis in the first channel to perform the operation.
  • the device for controlling the movement of the machine axis can extract the data structure of the first channel axis from the numerical control system software.
  • the device for controlling the movement of the machine axis can configure a preset axis mapping relationship and a preset inverse mapping relationship.
  • the preset axis mapping relationship and the preset inverse mapping relationship can be configured once when the numerical control system initially starts running, and in the subsequent running process, no configuration is required, and each numerical control system can also be used. When the operation starts, the configuration is performed once, and the specific configuration is not limited. The following describes the configuration of the preset axis mapping relationship and the preset inverse mapping relationship:
  • the first preset channel axis in the second channel of the machine axis aligned parallel to the geometric axis is arranged.
  • the second channel is a channel after mapping the channel axis in the first channel;
  • the machine tool axis as the spindle is arranged to the second preset channel axis position in the second channel;
  • the second preset channel axis position is left blank
  • the machine axis that is not the spindle or the machine axis that is not parallel to the geometric axis is arranged to the second channel Three preset channel axis positions;
  • the third preset channel axis position is left blank
  • the machine axes in the first correspondence relationship are all arranged in the second channel, and the corresponding relationship between the machine axis in the first correspondence relationship and the channel axis in the second channel, that is, the second correspondence relationship is established;
  • the preset axis mapping relationship is configured according to the configuration of the CMA, and is mapped to a new channel axis arrangement according to the following format;
  • the numerical control system uses the system parameter "machine axis corresponding to the channel axis" (CMA) to record a channel axis from the first machine axis.
  • CMA channel axis corresponding to the channel axis
  • the system parameters are set by the user when configuring the channel axis, and are read in when the channel control module is initialized. RAM.
  • a first correspondence relationship between the channel axis and the machine axis in the first channel at the time of initialization may be acquired;
  • the machine axes in the first correspondence are mapped to the second channel axis according to a preset mapping rule, as follows:
  • Map the machine axes parallel to the geometry axis in the first correspondence to the first three passes in the second channel
  • the axis of the machine maps the machine axis as the spindle in the first correspondence to the last channel axis in the second channel, and maps the machine axis that is not the spindle in the first correspondence or the machine axis that is not parallel to the geometric axis to Between the fourth channel axis and the last channel axis:
  • 1st channel axis machine axis parallel to the 1st geometry axis (if not left);
  • 2nd channel axis machine axis parallel to the 2nd geometry axis (if not left);
  • 3rd channel axis machine axis parallel to the 3rd geometry axis (if not left);
  • K-channel axis the machine axis used as the spindle (if not left);
  • mapping rules may be used.
  • the machine axes parallel to the geometric axes are mapped to the last three channel axes, and the machine axes that are the spindles are mapped to the first channel axes.
  • the machine axis that is not parallel to the geometric axis or the machine axis that is not the spindle is mapped to the position between the first channel axis and the last three channel axes, and is not limited.
  • the number of channel axes after mapping may be more than the number of first channel axes, because the geometric axes may have blanks, that is, after the rearrangement, there are several geometric axes left blank, and the K is not always It is equal to the number of channel axes (CAN).
  • the axis mapping input and output need to use data structure to express:
  • the input to the axis map is expressed using the following data structure:
  • the output of the axis map is expressed using the following data structure:
  • the essence of the axis mapping process is to take the CMA values out and arrange them in a certain order to map_axis_to_origin.
  • the following two data structures can be used as mask marks respectively:
  • the initial value mentioned above, the value set at the time of taking out, the value set at the time of discharge, and the data set when blanking may be other values, for example, the initial value is 2, and the value set when taking out is 3, The value set when discharging is 3, and the value set when leaving blank is -3, which is not limited here.
  • the initial value is 0, the value set when taking out is 1, and the value set when discharging is 1, The value set when leaving blank is -1 for explanation.
  • the machine axis parallel to the geometry axis should first be aligned to the first three channel axes, where GA is used to represent the channel axis parallel to the geometry axis.
  • the GA is set by the user and can be expressed in the following data structure:
  • first take out the value j of the first component of GA ie geo_axis[0]
  • j represents the first channel axis number parallel to the ith geometry axis
  • the value a' of channel_machine_axis[j] is Assigned to map_axis_to_origin[0] as the machine axis corresponding to the second channel axis 1; accordingly, mask_get[0] and mask_assign[1] are set to 1.
  • j is equal to -1, then the first geometry axis does not have a corresponding channel axis, then map_axis_to_origin[0] does not have a corresponding machine axis.
  • the device that controls the movement of the machine axes can rearrange the spindles.
  • the device for controlling the movement of the machine axis can first query the first correspondence, and the type of the ss machine axis is the main axis, and the channel axis corresponding to the machine axis is s.
  • the main axis should be mapped to the last bit of the second channel, and according to the case where the geometric axis is left blank,
  • the number of track axes and the number of channel axes (CAN) may vary.
  • k CAN+1
  • the spindle is used as the last channel axis.
  • the device for controlling the movement of the machine axis can set the machine axis corresponding to the channel axis whose channel axis number is greater than k in the second channel to be empty, that is, map_axis_to_origin[k] to map_axis_to_origin[MAX_AXIS_NUM] Is -1.
  • map_axis_to_origin[k] to map_axis_to_origin[MAX_AXIS_NUM] Is -1.
  • the flags of mask_get[s-1] and mask_assign[k-1] can be obtained.
  • the other channel axes between the geometry axes and the spindles can be rearranged. Traverse the machine axis channel_machine_axis corresponding to the first channel axis and the mask mark mask_get of the machine axis corresponding to the first channel axis, and find the axis whose mask mark is still 0, that is, the channel axis that is not taken out, and is not discharged or left blank.
  • Channel axis assuming that the first channel axis of sequence number n is first found, its corresponding machine axis nn is arranged as a second channel axis of sequence number 4, and then the corresponding components of mask_get[n-1] and mask_assign[3] are placed. Is 1; then continue the above search until all corresponding mask marks in the first correspondence become 1.
  • map_axis_to_origin[3] to map_axis_to_origin[k-2] of the second channel axes 3 to (k-2) are obtained.
  • map_axis_to_origin[0 ⁇ 2] represents the axis number of the machine axis parallel to the geometry axis
  • map_axis_to_origin[k-1] represents the axis number of the spindle
  • map_axis_to_origin[3 ⁇ (k-2 )] indicates the axis number of other machine axes.
  • Step 1 determining a first machine axis corresponding to the second channel axis in the second correspondence relationship
  • Step 2 determining a first channel axis corresponding to the first machine axis in the first correspondence relationship
  • Step 3 determining that the second channel axis in the second correspondence corresponds to the first channel axis in the first correspondence relationship
  • the first channel axis and the second channel axis are general fingers, and do not represent a specific channel axis, that is, the first channel axis can refer to any one of the first channel axes; the second channel axis can refer to the first Any of the two channel axes.
  • the inverse mapping uses the following data structure to represent the second channel axis corresponding to the first channel axis:
  • the device for controlling the movement of the machine axis needs to take the data structure map_axis_to_origin[0] of the first axis of the second channel from the map_axis_to_origin in the second correspondence to obtain the machine axis a', and then traverse the first correspondence.
  • map_axis_to_origin[0] value of the first axis in the extracted second channel is -1, it means that the first channel has no axis corresponding to the first axis of the second channel, and there is no need to assign a value to map_axis_from_origin.
  • map_axis_to_origin[1 ⁇ CAN-1] taking map_axis_to_origin[1 ⁇ CAN-1] and repeating the above calculation, the second channel axis number corresponding to the first channel axis number can be obtained.
  • Map_axis_to_origin[CAN ⁇ MAX_AXIS_NUM] does not exist, so it is all left blank-1.
  • the device for controlling the movement of the machine axis can thereby determine a second correspondence between the second channel axis number and the first channel axis number, that is, the inverse mapping result.
  • the foregoing configuration completes the preset axis mapping relationship and the preset inverse mapping relationship.
  • the foregoing method is only one of the methods, and may include other methods, which are not limited.
  • the second mapping axis corresponding to the first channel axis may be determined by the preset inverse mapping relationship.
  • a channel axis, the second channel axis being a channel axis of the second channel that is different from the first channel axis.
  • each channel of the numerical control system software includes a path planning module and an interpolation module, and the path planning module and the interpolation module can access the data structure of the channel axis, and control the machine tool when the numerical control system starts running.
  • the axis control device control path planning module synthesizes geometric curves such as straight lines or arcs (including three-dimensional arcs, spirals, and spirals) according to the amount of movement of the second channel axis described by the data structure of the second channel axis, and calculates necessary The geometric characteristic parameters, then control the interpolation module to extract and calculate the difference between the geometric curves, and obtain the movement data and the moving distance of the second channel axis in the interpolation period.
  • the device for controlling the movement of the machine axis can be based on the data structure of the second channel axis and the pre- The axis mapping relationship is set to determine the target machine axis.
  • the data structure of the second channel axis can know that the data structure of the second channel axis corresponds to the channel axis of the second channel with the axis number of 3.
  • the machine axis corresponding to the channel axis of the axis number 3 in the second channel is found in the corresponding relationship between the second channel axis and the machine axis, and the machine axis corresponding to the channel axis of the axis number 3 in the second channel is the target machine tool. axis.
  • step 204 the path planning data and the interpolation data of the second channel axis can be calculated through step 204.
  • the target machine axis can be determined through step 205.
  • the first step can be performed first.
  • step 205 may be performed first, or may be performed at the same time, which is not limited.
  • the device that controls the movement of the machine axis can move the moving speed of the second channel axis and move.
  • the driver corresponding to the target machine tool after receiving the moving speed and the moving distance of the second channel axis, the driver corresponding to the target machine axis can drive the target machine axis to move at the moving speed of the second channel axis, and at the target The movement of the machine axis stops after reaching the moving distance of the second channel axis.
  • the path planning module and the interpolation mode are included in each channel of the numerical control system software.
  • the path planning module and the interpolation module can access the data structure of the channel axis.
  • the numerical control system software calculates the data structure of the channel axis, and when the user operates the numerical control machine, It is necessary to care about the actual position of the machine axis, because the position of the machine axis can be determined by the channel axis by the relationship of the preset inverse mapping and the preset axis mapping relationship, and since the configuration of the existing center channel axis is random,
  • the path planning module and the interpolation module need to be coupled with the channel control module to read the channel axis configuration, thereby determining the position of the machine axis. Therefore, the path planning module and the interpolation module of the present invention are compared with the prior art.
  • the position of the machine axis can be determined without the need to couple with the channel control module, and the implementation is more flexible.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for controlling movement of a machine tool shaft according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the apparatus 300 for controlling movement of a machine tool shaft may have a large difference due to different configurations or performances, and may include a Or more than one central processing unit (CPU) 322 (eg, one or more processors), one or more storage media 330 storing application 342 or data 344 (the storage medium may be one or one stored in Shanghai)
  • the device may also be a temporary storage device such as one or more memories, or one or one hard disk, or one or more memories and a hard disk, which are not limited herein.
  • the storage medium 330 can be short-term storage or persistent storage.
  • the program stored on the storage medium 330 can include a series of instruction operations in the device that controls the movement of the machine axes. Still further, the processor 322 can be configured to communicate with the storage medium 330 to perform a series of instruction operations in the storage medium 330 on the device 300 that controls machine tool axis movement.
  • the device 300 for controlling the movement of the machine axis may further include one or more input and output interfaces 358 (the input and output interfaces may be one or more wired or wireless network interfaces, or other input and output interfaces, which are not limited herein), and / or, one or more operating systems 341, such as Windows ServerTM, Mac OS XTM, UnixTM, LinuxTM, FreeBSDTM, and the like.
  • the steps performed by the means for controlling the movement of the machine tool shaft in the above embodiment may be based on the apparatus structure for controlling the movement of the machine tool shaft shown in Fig. 3.
  • the embodiment of the invention further provides a numerical control machine tool, which comprises:
  • Control system drive, machine body
  • the control system is communicatively coupled to the driver
  • the driver is mounted on the machine body and used to drive a machine tool shaft on the machine body to move;
  • the control system includes a processor for performing the following steps.
  • the preset axis mapping relationship is a correspondence relationship between the machine axis and the channel axis in the second channel;
  • the processor is further configured to:
  • the processor is further configured to:
  • the machine tool axis parallel to the geometric axis is arranged to the first preset channel axis position in the second channel;
  • the machine tool axis as a spindle is arranged to a second preset channel axis position in the second channel;
  • the machine axis that is not the spindle or the machine axis that is not parallel to the geometric axis is arranged to Place a third preset channel axis position in the second channel;
  • the second preset relationship is determined by arranging the first preset channel axis position, the second preset channel axis position, and the third preset channel axis position according to a preset rule.
  • the processor is further configured to:
  • the first preset channel axis position is left blank.
  • the processor is further configured to:
  • the third preset channel axis position is left blank.
  • the processor is further configured to perform the following steps:
  • Step 1 determining a first machine tool axis corresponding to the second channel axis in the second correspondence relationship
  • Step 2 determining a first channel axis corresponding to the first machine tool axis in the first correspondence relationship
  • Step 3 determining that the second channel axis in the second correspondence corresponds to the first channel axis in the first correspondence relationship
  • the path planning module and the interpolation module are included in each channel of the numerical control machine software of the numerical control machine tool, and the path planning module and the interpolation module can access the data structure of the channel axis when processing on the numerical control machine tool.
  • the processor performs calculations through the data structure of the channel axis
  • the user does not need to care about the actual position of the machine axis when the CNC machine is operating, because of the relationship between the preset inverse mapping and the preset axis mapping.
  • the relationship can be determined by the channel axis, and since the configuration of the existing center channel axis is random, the path planning module and the interpolation module need to be coupled with the channel control module to read the channel axis configuration, thereby determining the machine tool.
  • the position of the shaft therefore, relative to the prior art, the path planning module and the interpolation module of the present invention need not be coupled with the channel control module to determine the position of the machine axis, and the implementation is more flexible.
  • the disclosed system, apparatus, and method may be implemented in other manners.
  • the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative.
  • the division of the unit is only a logical function division.
  • there may be another division manner for example, multiple units or components may be combined or Can be integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed.
  • the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interface, device or unit, and may be in an electrical, mechanical or other form.
  • the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, may be located in one place, or may be distributed to multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment.
  • each functional unit in each embodiment of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.
  • the above integrated unit can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of a software functional unit.
  • the integrated unit if implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as a standalone product, may be stored in a computer readable storage medium.
  • the technical solution of the present invention which is essential or contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution, may be embodied in the form of a software product stored in a storage medium.
  • a number of instructions are included to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a device that controls the movement of the machine axes, or a network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the methods described in various embodiments of the present invention.
  • the foregoing storage medium includes: a U disk, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, and the like. .

Abstract

一种控制机床轴移动的方法及相关设备,用于在多轴多通道系统中,接触路径规划模块和插补模块与通道控制模块的耦合性。该方法包括:获取第一通道轴的数据结构(101);根据第一通道轴的数据结构以及预置的逆映射关系确定第二通道轴的数据结构(102);根据第二通道轴的数据结构进行计算,以得到第二通道的路径规划数据以及插补数据(103);根据第二通道轴的数据结构以及预置的轴映射关系确定目标机床轴(104);将第二通道轴的规划数据以及插补数据发送至目标机床轴对应的驱动器(105),以使得目标机床轴对应的驱动器根据第二通道轴的路径规划以及插补数据驱动目标机床轴移动。

Description

一种控制机床轴移动的方法及相关设备 技术领域
本发明涉及数控技术领域,尤其涉及一种控制机床轴移动的方法及相关设备。
背景技术
在多轴多通道数控系统的应用中,常常会根据生产的需要,将机床的若干个轴分配到某一个通道里,而每次分配的轴和数量不尽相同,因此数控系统的插补算法需要根据每次轴配置的情况来调整各轴是否处于被插补的状态。
数控系统软件初始化时,会读入用户所设的轴配置,并为各通道中的轴(以下称为通道轴)建立一个数据结构,用来表达该轴的属性,例如轴在通道内的序号(以下称通道轴号)、轴的参考点位置、最大加速度等。
数控系统软件的每个通道中都包含路径规划模块和插补模块,它们都可以访问通道轴的数据结构,并在加工开始后由路径规划模块根据加工程序描述的各轴的移动量,来合成直线或圆弧(包括三维圆弧、螺旋线和螺线)等几何曲线、计算必要的几何特征参数,再由插补模块来密化和计算这些几何曲线上的插补点,得到每插补周期内各轴的移动速度和移动距离。
现有技术下,在合成几何曲线和插补计算的过程中,路径规划模块和插补模块需要知道各轴与坐标系的关系。例如在某次通道配置中,第4通道轴与坐标系X轴平行,第2轴与坐标系Z轴平行,没有Y轴平行的通道轴,第1轴和第5轴为旋转轴,第3轴为主轴;那么路径规划需要使用第4轴和第2轴合成几何曲线,对第1和第5轴单独计算旋转运动的位移,再另外计算主轴位移;插补时也要将插补数据对应地发送到各轴驱动器。
但是,在这种情况下,路径规划模块和插补模块需要读入通道轴模块的通道轴配置才能执行自身流程,且由于每次的通道轴在配置时都是随机配置的,所以路径规划模块和插补模块需要与通道控制模块耦合在一起才能实现将各机床轴的路径规划数据以及插补数据对应地发送到各轴驱动器,这样导致了实现方式不够灵活。
发明内容
本发明实施例提供了一种控制机床轴移动的方法及相关设备,用于在多轴多通道系统中,解除路径规划模块和插补模块与通道控制模块的耦合性,使得在移动机床轴时,实现方式更加灵活。
本发明实施例的第一方面提供一种控制机床轴移动的方法,包括:
获取第一通道轴的数据结构,所述第一通道轴为第一通道中的通道轴;
根据所述第一通道轴的数据结构以及预置的逆映射关系确定第二通道轴的数据结构,所述第二通道轴为第二通道中的通道轴,且所述预置的逆映射关系为所述第二通道中的通道轴与所述第一通道中的通道轴的对应关系,所述第一通道轴与所述第二通道轴为不同的通道轴;
根据所述第二通道轴的数据结构进行计算,以得到所述第二通道轴的路径规划数据以及插补数据;
根据所述第二通道轴的数据结构以及预置的轴映射关系确定目标机床轴,所述预置的轴映射关系为所述机床轴与所述第二通道中的通道轴的对应关系;
将所述第二通道轴的路径规划数据以及插补数据发送至所述目标机床轴对应的驱动器,以使得所述目标机床轴对应的驱动器根据所述第二通道轴的路径规划数据以及插补数据驱动所述目标机床轴移动。
可选地,所述根据所述第一通道轴以及预置的逆映射关系确定第二通道轴之前,所述方法还包括:
获取初始化时第一通道中的通道轴与机床轴的第一对应关系;
根据所述第一对应关系以及预置映射规则确定第二对应关系,所述第二对应关系为所述第二通道中的通道轴与所述机床轴的对应关系;
确定将所述第二对应关系作为所述预置的轴映射关系。
可选地,所述根据所述第一对应关系以及预置映射规则确定第二对应关系包括:
当所述第一对应关系中存在有与几何轴平行的机床轴时,则将所述与几何轴平行的机床轴排列至所述第二通道中的第一预置通道轴位置;
当所述第一对应关系中存在有作为主轴的机床轴时,则将所述作为主轴的 机床轴排列至所述第二通道中的第二预置通道轴位置;
当所述第一对应关系中存在有不为主轴的机床轴或不与几何轴平行的机床轴时,则将所述不为主轴的机床轴或所述不与几何轴平行的机床轴排列至所述第二通道中的第三预置通道轴位置;
将所述第一预置通道轴位置、所述第二预置通道轴位置以及所述第三预置通道轴位置按照预置的规则排列确定所述第二对应关系。
可选地,当所述第一对应关系中不存在有与几何轴平行的机床轴时,则将所述第一预置通道轴位置留空。
可选地,当所述第一对应关系中不存在有作为主轴的机床轴时,则将所述第三预置通道轴位置留空。
可选地,所述确定将所述第二对应关系作为所述预置的轴映射关系之后,所述方法还包括:
步骤1:确定所述第二对应关系中与第二通道轴相对应的第一机床轴;
步骤2:确定所述第一机床轴在所述第一对应关系中对应的第一通道轴;
步骤3:确定所述第二对应关系中的第二通道轴与所述第一对应关系中的第一通道轴对应;
重复执行步骤1至步骤3,直至将所述第二对应关系中的所有通道轴与所述第一对应关系中的所有通道轴相对应;
确定将所述第二对应关系中的所有通道轴与所述第一对应关系中的所有通道轴的对应关系作为所述预置的逆映射关系。
本发明实施例第二方面提供了一种控制机床轴移动的装置,包括:
处理器、存储介质以及输入输出接口;
所述存储介质上存储的程序代码,所述处理器用于调用所述程序代码执行由控制机床轴移动的装置所执行的任一项所述的控制机床轴移动的方法。
本发明实施例第三方面提供了一种数控机床,包括:
控制系统,驱动器,机床本体;
所述控制系统与所述驱动器通信连接;
所述驱动器安装于所述机床本体上,并用于驱动所述机床本体上的机床轴 进行移动;
所述控制系统包括处理器,所述处理器用于执行如下步骤。
获取第一通道轴的数据结构,所述第一通道轴为第一通道中的通道轴;
根据所述第一通道轴的数据结构以及预置的逆映射关系确定第二通道轴的数据结构,所述第二通道轴为第二通道中的通道轴,且所述预置的逆映射关系为所述第二通道中的通道轴与所述第一通道中的通道轴的对应关系,所述第一通道轴与所述第二通道轴为不同的通道轴;
根据所述第二通道轴的数据结构进行计算,以得到所述第二通道轴的路径规划数据以及插补数据;
根据所述第二通道轴的数据结构以及预置的轴映射关系确定目标机床轴,所述预置的轴映射关系为所述机床轴与所述第二通道中的通道轴的对应关系;
将所述第二通道轴的路径规划数据以及插补数据发送至所述目标机床轴对应的驱动器,以使得所述目标机床轴对应的驱动器根据所述第二通道轴的路径规划数据以及插补数据驱动所述目标机床轴移动。
本发明实施例提供的技术方案中,综上所述,在数控系统软件的每个通道中都包含路径规划模块和插补模块,该路径规划模块和插补模块都可以访问通道轴的数据结构,当在数控系统进行加工时,由于数控系统软件需要通过通道轴的数据结构来进行计算,可以获取到数控系统软件中使用的第一通道轴的数据结构,通过预置的逆映射关系以及与预置的轴映射关系,确定该使用了的通道轴所对应的机床轴,并通过对该使用了的通道轴的数据结构进行计算确定该通道轴的路径规划数据以及插补数据,并将该路径规划数据以及插补数据发送至该通道轴对应的机床轴的驱动器,由此可见,本发明实施例中无需读取通道轴配置即可以确定机床轴,由于通道轴配置是由通道轴控制模块提供的,因此本发明实施方案中不需要通道轴控制模块的配合即可以确定各机床轴,并将路径规划数据以及插补数据对应地发送到各机床轴驱动器,实现的方式更加灵活。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例中控制机床轴移动的方法的一个实施例示意图;
图2为本发明实施例中控制机床轴移动的方法的另一实施例示意图;
图3为本发明实施例中控制机床轴移动的装置的硬件结构图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。
本发明的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图中的术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”和“第四”等(如果存在)是用于区别类似的对象,而不必用于描述特定的顺序或先后次序。应该理解这样使用的数据在适当情况下可以互换,以便这里描述的实施例能够以除了在这里图示或描述的内容以外的顺序实施。此外,术语“包括”和“具有”以及他们的任何变形,意图在于覆盖不排他的包含,例如,包含了一系列步骤或单元的过程、方法、系统、产品或设备不必限于清楚地列出的那些步骤或单元,而是可包括没有清楚地列出的或对于这些过程、方法、产品或设备固有的其它步骤或单元。
请参阅图1,本发明实施例中控制机床轴移动的方法的一个实施例包括:
101、获取第一通道轴的数据结构。
在多轴多通道系统应用中,数控系统软件初始化时,会读入用户所设的轴配置,并为各通道中的轴(以下称为通道轴)建立一个数据结构,用来表达该轴的属性,例如轴在通道内的序号、轴的参考点位置、最大加速度等数,当数控系统在运行时,数控系统软件中使用了第一通道中的第一通道轴的数据结构,此时,控制机床轴移动的装置可以从数控系统软件中提取该第一通道轴的数据结构。
102、根据第一通道轴的数据结构以及预置的逆映射关系确定第二通道轴的数据结构。
本实施例中,当获取了第一通道轴的数据结构之后,由于预置的逆映射关系为第一通道轴与第二通道轴的对应关系,该第二通道轴为第二通道中与第一通道轴不同的通道轴,此时,可以根据第一通道轴的数据结构以及预置的逆映 射关系确定第二通道轴的数据结构。
103、根据第二通道轴的数据结构进行计算,以得到第二通道轴的路径规划数据以及插补数据。
本实施例中,数控系统软件的每个通道中都包含路径规划模块和插补模块,该路径规划模块和插补模块都可以访问通道轴的数据结构,并在数控系统开始运行时由控制机床轴移动的装置控制路径规划模块根据第二通道轴的数据结构描述的第二通道轴的移动量,来合成直线或圆弧(包括三维圆弧、螺旋线和螺线)等几何曲线,计算必要的几何特征参数,再控制插补模块来米花和计算这些几何曲线上的差不点,得到插补周期内第二通道轴的移动数据和移动距离。
104、根据第二通道轴的数据结构以及预置的轴映射关系确定目标机床轴。
由于预置的轴映射关系为机床轴与第二通道中的通道轴的对应关系,当知道了第二通道轴的数据结构,即可以通过预置的轴映射关系,确定第二通道轴对应的目标机床轴。
需要说明的是,通过步骤103可以计算得到第二通道轴的路径规划数据以及插补数据,通过步骤104可以确定目标机床轴,然而,这两个步骤之间并没有先后执行顺序的限制,可以先执行步骤103,也可以先执行步骤104,或者同时执行,具体不做限定。
105、将第二通道轴的路径规划数据以及插补数据发送至目标机床轴对应的驱动器。
本实施例中,当计算得到第二通道轴的移动速度以及移动距离,由于第二通道轴对应的机床轴为目标机床轴,控制机床轴移动的装置可以将第二通道轴的移动速度以及移动距离发送至目标机床对应的驱动器,目标机床轴对应的驱动器在收到该第二通道轴的移动速度以及移动距离之后,可以驱动目标机床轴以第二通道轴的移动速度进行移动,且在目标机床轴的移动距离达到第二通道轴的移动距离之后停止。
综上所述,在数控系统软件的每个通道中都包含路径规划模块和插补模块,该路径规划模块和插补模块都可以访问通道轴的数据结构,当在数控系统 进行加工时,数控系统软件通过通道轴的数据结构来进行计算,用户在数控机床进行操作的时候,不需要关心实际的机床轴在什么位置,因为通过预置的逆映射的关系以及预置的轴映射关系可以由通道轴确定机床轴的位置,且由于现有中通道轴的配置是随机的,路径规划模块以及插补模块需要与通道控制模块耦合在一起才能读取到通道轴配置,进而确定机床轴的位置,因此,相对于现有技术来说,本发明中路径规划模块和插补模块无需跟通道控制模块耦合在一起也可以确定机床轴的位置,实现方式更加灵活。
请参阅图2,图2为本发明实施例中控制机床轴移动的方法的另一实施例示意图,包括:
201、获取第一通道轴的数据结构。
在多轴多通道系统应用中,数控系统软件初始化时,会读入用户所设的轴配置,并为各通道中的轴(以下称为通道轴)建立一个数据结构,用来表达该轴的属性,例如轴在通道内的序号、轴的参考点位置、最大加速度等数,当数控系统在运行时,数控系统软件中使用了第一通道中的第一通道轴的数据结构来进行运算,此时,控制机床轴移动的装置可以从数控系统软件中提取该第一通道轴的数据结构。
202、配置预置的轴映射关系以及预置的逆映射关系。
本实施例中,控制机床轴移动的装置可以配置预置的轴映射关系以及预置的逆映射关系。
需要说明的是,该预置的轴映射关系以及预置的逆映射关系可以在数控系统最初开始运行时,进行一次配置,在后续的运行过程中,无需进行配置,也可以在每次数控系统开始运行时,即进行一次配置,具体不做限定,下面对配置预置的轴映射关系以及预置的逆映射关系进行详细说明:
一、配置预置的轴映射关系,具体步骤如下:
获取初始化时第一通道中的通道轴与机床轴的第一对应关系,数控系统软件初始化时,会读入用户所设的轴配置;
在获取了第一对应关系之后,当第一对应关系中存在有与几何轴平行的机床轴时,则将与几何轴平行的机床轴排列之第二通道中的第一预置通道轴位 置,该第二通道为将第一通道中的通道轴映射后的通道;
当第一对应关系中存在有作为主轴的机床轴时,则将作为主轴的机床轴排列至第二通道中的第二预置通道轴位置;
当第一对应关系中不存在有作为主轴的机床轴时,则将第二预置通道轴位置留空;
当第一对应关系中存在有不作为主轴的机床轴或者不与几何轴平行的机床轴时,则将不作为主轴的机床轴或者不与几何轴平行的机床轴排列至第二通道中的第三预置通道轴位置;
当第一对应关系中不存在有不作为主轴或者不与几何轴平行的机床轴是,则将第三预置通道轴位置留空;
至此,第一对应关系中的机床轴全部排列至第二通道中,建立了第一对应关系中的机床轴与第二通道中的通道轴的对应关系,即第二对应关系;
确定将第二对应关系作为预置的轴映射关系。
下面结合例子对配置预置的轴映射关系进行说明:
配置预置的轴映射关系是根据CMA的配置,按照以下格式映射为新的通道轴排列;
数控系统用系统参数“通道轴对应的机床轴”(CMA)来记录某个通道轴来自于第几个机床轴,系统参数由用户配置通道轴时设定,并在通道控制模块初始化时读入内存。此外,使用系统参数“与几何轴平行的通道轴”(GA)来记录与第1/2/3几何轴(即坐标系X/Y/Z轴)平行的通道轴号;使用“轴类型”来记录轴类型;使用“系统最大轴数量”(MAX_AXIS_NUM)来记录可能参与映射的最大轴数量;使用“通道轴数量”(CAN)来记录本次参与映射的轴数量。
首先,可以获取到初始化时的第一通道中的通道轴与机床轴的第一对应关系;
其次,将第一对应关系中的机床轴按照预置映射规则映射到第二通道轴,具体如下:
假设第二通道共有K根通道轴;
将第一对应关系中与几何轴平行的机床轴映射至第二通道中的前三个通 道轴,将第一的对应关系中作为主轴的机床轴映射至第二通道中的最后一个通道轴,将第一对应关系中不作为主轴的机床轴或不与几何轴平行的机床轴映射至第四通道轴与最后一个通道轴之间:
第1通道轴:与第1几何轴平行的机床轴(如没有则留空);
第2通道轴:与第2几何轴平行的机床轴(如没有则留空);
第3通道轴:与第3几何轴平行的机床轴(如没有则留空);
第K通道轴:用作主轴的机床轴(如没有则留空);
第4~(K-1)通道轴:第一对应关系中的机床轴中不属于几何平行轴或主轴的机床轴。
上述仅以一个映射规则为例进行说明,还可以有其他的映射规则,例如将与几何轴平行的机床轴映射至最后三个通道轴,将作为主轴的机床轴映射至第一通道轴,将不与几何轴平行的机床轴或者不作为主轴的机床轴映射至第一通道轴与最后三个通道轴之间的位置,具体不做限定。
需要说明的是,映射后的通道轴数可能多于第一通道轴数量,因为几何轴可能有留空,即重新排列后多出了几个留空了的几何轴,所述K并非总是和通道轴数量(CAN)的数值相等。
其中,在进行轴映射的过程中,轴映射输入以及输出需要使用数据结构来表达:
轴映射的输入使用以下数据结构来表达:
Int channel_machine_axis[MAX_AXIS_NUM];//表示第一通道轴对应的机床轴;
轴映射的输出使用以下数据结构来表达:
Int map_axis_to_origin[MAX_AXIS_NUM];//表示第二通道轴对应的机床轴。
配置预置的轴映射的过程可以看做是将第一对应关系的机床轴排序(a,b,c,…)映射为第二通道内的机床轴排列(a’,b’,c’,…),即第一通道轴1对应机床轴a,或者表达为channel_machine_axis[0]=a,映射后第二通道轴1对应机床轴a’,或者表达为map_axis_to_origin[0]=a’;以此类推。
轴映射的过程本质是将CMA的数值取出,按一定的顺序排列到map_axis_to_origin中。为了表达某一机床轴是否已从第一通道取出,是否已经排入第二通道,即是否从channel_machine_axis取出、是否已排入map_axis_to_origin,可以分别使用如下两个数据结构来作为掩码标记:
Int mask_get[MAX_AXIS_NUM];//初始值为0,取出时设置的数值为1;
Int mask_assign[MAX_AXIS_NUM];//初始值为0,排入时设置的数值为1,留空是设置的数值为-1;
需要说明的是,上述所说的初始值、取出时设置的数值、排入时设置的数值以及留空时设置的数据可以为其他数值,例如初始值为2,取出时设置的数值为3,排入时设置的数值为3,留空时设置的数值为-3,具体此处不做限定,下面以初始值为0,取出时设置的数值为1,排入时设置的数值为1,留空时设置的数值为-1进行说明。
当控制机床轴移动的装置将机床轴映射至第二通道内时,首先应当将与几何轴平行的机床轴排列至前3个通道轴,此处使用GA来表示与几何轴平行的通道轴,该GA是由用户自行设定的,可以用以下数据结构表达:
Int geo_axis[3];
排列第1几何轴时,先取出GA第1个分量(即geo_axis[0])的值j,j表示与第i几何轴平行的第一通道轴号,则channel_machine_axis[j]的值a’被赋给map_axis_to_origin[0],作为第二通道轴1所对应的机床轴;相应地,mask_get[0]和mask_assign[1]被置为1。如果j等于-1,则说明第1几何轴没有对应的通道轴,那么map_axis_to_origin[0]也没有对应的机床轴,此时应赋-1来留空该通道轴;相应地,mask_get[0]被置为1,而mask_assign[1]被置为-1。排列第2、3几何轴则依此类推,得到map_axis_to_origin[1]和map_axis_to_origin[2]。
当将第二通道的前三个通道轴序号排列为几何轴或者留空后,控制机床轴移动的装置可以再排列主轴。控制机床轴移动的装置可以先查询第一对应关系,得知第ss机床轴的类型为主轴,该机床轴所对应的通道轴为s。按照预置的规则,主轴应当映射至第二通道的最后一位,而根据几何轴留空的情况,通 道轴的数量k与通道轴数量(CAN)设定的数值可能有变化,当留空一个几何轴时,k=CAN+1,当留空两个几何轴时,k=CAN+2,当留空三个几何轴时,k=CAN+3,由此,控制机床轴移动的装置也可以得到主轴的排序:map_axis_to_origin[k-1]=ss。主轴作为最后一个通道轴,此时控制机床轴移动的装置可以将第二通道中通道轴的序号大于k的通道轴对应的机床轴置为空,即map_axis_to_origin[k]~map_axis_to_origin[MAX_AXIS_NUM]全部赋为-1。同理,可以得到mask_get[s-1]和mask_assign[k-1]的标记。
当控制机床轴移动的装置将机床轴中的几何轴以及主轴按照预置的顺序排列完成之后,可以再排列几何轴和主轴之间的其他通道轴。遍历第一通道轴对应的机床轴channel_machine_axis及第一通道轴对应的机床轴的掩码标记mask_get,寻找掩码标记仍为0的轴,即没有取出的通道轴,也没有排入或者留空的通道轴;假设序号n的第一通道轴被首先找到,则其对应的机床轴nn被排列为序号为4的第二通道轴,再将mask_get[n-1]和mask_assign[3]对应分量置为1;然后再继续上述的寻找,直到第一对应关系中所有对应的掩码标记都变成1。这样就得到了第二通道轴3~(k-2)的对应机床轴map_axis_to_origin[3]~map_axis_to_origin[k-2]。
至此,得到了新的通道轴排列map_axis_to_origin,其中:map_axis_to_origin[0~2]表示与几何轴平行的机床轴轴号,map_axis_to_origin[k-1]表示主轴的轴号,map_axis_to_origin[3~(k-2)]表示其他机床轴的轴号。至此,得到第二通道轴与机床轴的对应关系,即第二对应关系,也即轴映射关系。
二、配置预置的逆映射关系:
步骤1:确定第二对应关系中与第二通道轴相对应的第一机床轴;
步骤2:确定第一机床轴在第一对应关系中对应的第一通道轴;
步骤3:确定第二对应关系中的第二通道轴与第一对应关系中的第一通道轴对应;
重复执行步骤1至步骤3,直至将第二对应关系中的所有通道轴与第一对应关系中的所述通道轴相对应;
确定将第二对应关系中的所有通道轴与第一对应关系中的所有通道轴的对应关系作为预置的逆映射关系。其中,第一通道轴和第二通道轴是泛指,不代表具体的通道轴,也即,第一通道轴可以指代第一通道中的任意一个通道轴;第二通道轴可以指代第二通道中的任意一个通道轴。
下面结合例子进行说明:
逆映射使用以下数据结构来表达第一通道轴对应的第二通道轴:
Int map_axis_from_origin[MAX_AXIS_NUM];
当逆映射的时候,控制机床轴移动的装置需要从第二对应关系中map_axis_to_origin中取出第二通道的第1轴的数据结构map_axis_to_origin[0]以得到机床轴a’,再遍历第一对应关系中的机床轴的数据结构channel_machine_axis,发现第一通道轴x也对应机床轴a’,那么第一通道第x轴对应第二通道第1轴,用数据结构标识即为:map_axis_from_origin[x]=0;当取出的第二通道中的第1轴的数据结构map_axis_to_origin[0]值为-1,则说明第一通道没有轴对应第二通道的第1轴,则无需对map_axis_from_origin赋值。同样,取map_axis_to_origin[1~CAN-1],重复上述计算,可以得到第一通道轴号所对应的第二通道轴号。map_axis_to_origin[CAN~MAX_AXIS_NUM]不存在,因此也全部留空置-1。由此控制机床轴移动的装置可以确定第二通道轴轴号与第一通道轴轴号之间的第二对应关系,即逆映射结果。
以上配置完成预置的轴映射关系以及预置的逆映射关系,上述所述的方法仅为其中的一种,还可以包括其他方法,具体不做限定。
203、根据第一通道轴的数据结构以及预置的逆映射关系确定第二通道轴的数据结构。
本实施例中,当获取了第一通道轴的数据结构之后,由于之前已经配置好了预置的逆映射关系,即可以通过预置的逆映射关系确定与第一通道轴相对应的第二通道轴,该第二通道轴为第二通道中与第一通道轴不同的通道轴。
204、根据第二通道轴的数据进行进行计算,以得到第二通道轴的路径规划数据以及插补数据。
本实施例中,数控系统软件的每个通道中都包含路径规划模块和插补模块,该路径规划模块和插补模块都可以访问通道轴的数据结构,并在数控系统开始运行时由控制机床轴移动的装置控制路径规划模块根据第二通道轴的数据结构描述的第二通道轴的移动量,来合成直线或圆弧(包括三维圆弧、螺旋线和螺线)等几何曲线,计算必要的几何特征参数,再控制插补模块来米花和计算这些几何曲线上的差不点,得到插补周期内第二通道轴的移动数据和移动距离。
205、根据第二通道轴的数据结构以及预置的轴映射关系确定目标机床轴。
本实施例中,由于事先已经配置好了预置的轴映射关系,即第二通道轴与机床轴的对应关系,此时,控制机床轴移动的装置可以根据第二通道轴的数据结构以及预置的轴映射关系来确定目标机床轴,例如由第二通道轴的数据结构可以知道该第二通道轴的数据结构对应的是第二通道中轴号为3的通道轴,此时,可以从第二通道轴与机床轴的对应关系中找到该第二通道中轴号为3的通道轴对应的机床轴,该与第二通道中轴号为3的通道轴对应的机床轴即为目标机床轴。
需要说明的是,通过步骤204可以计算得到第二通道轴的路径规划数据以及插补数据,通过步骤205可以确定目标机床轴,然而这两个步骤之间并没有先后顺序的限制,可以先执行步骤204,也可以先执行步骤205,或者同时执行,具体不做限定。
206、将第二通道轴的路径规划数据以及插补数据发送至目标机床轴对应的驱动器。
本实施例中,当计算得到第二通道轴的移动速度以及移动距离,由于第二通道轴对应的机床轴为目标机床轴,控制机床轴移动的装置可以将第二通道轴的移动速度以及移动距离发送至目标机床对应的驱动器,目标机床轴对应的驱动器在收到该第二通道轴的移动速度以及移动距离之后,可以驱动目标机床轴以第二通道轴的移动速度进行移动,且在目标机床轴的移动距离达到第二通道轴的移动距离之后停止。
综上所述,在数控系统软件的每个通道中都包含路径规划模块和插补模 块,该路径规划模块和插补模块都可以访问通道轴的数据结构,当在数控系统进行加工时,数控系统软件通过通道轴的数据结构来进行计算,用户在数控机床进行操作的时候,不需要关心实际的机床轴在什么位置,因为通过预置的逆映射的关系以及以及预置的轴映射关系可以由通道轴确定机床轴的位置,且由于现有中通道轴的配置是随机的,路径规划模块以及插补模块需要与通道控制模块耦合在一起才能读取到通道轴配置,进而确定机床轴的位置,因此,相对于现有技术来说,本发明中路径规划模块和插补模块无需跟通道控制模块耦合在一起也可以确定机床轴的位置,实现方式更加灵活。
请参阅图3,图3是本发明实施例提供的一种控制机床轴移动的装置的结构示意图,该控制机床轴移动的装置300可因配置或性能不同而产生比较大的差异,可以包括一个或一个以上处理器(central processing units,CPU)322(例如,一个或一个以上处理器),一个或一个以上存储应用程序342或数据344的存储介质330(存储介质可以为一个或一个以上海量存储设备,也可以为一个或一个以上内存等临时存储设备,也可以为一个或一个硬盘,也可以是一个或一个以上的内存以及硬盘共同使用,具体此处不作限定)。其中,存储介质330可以是短暂存储或持久存储。存储在存储介质330的程序可以包括对控制机床轴移动的装置中的一系列指令操作。更进一步地,处理器322可以设置为与存储介质330通信,在控制机床轴移动的装置300上执行存储介质330中的一系列指令操作。
控制机床轴移动的装置300还可以包括一个或一个以上输入输出接口358(输入输出接口可以为一个或一个以上有线或无线网络接口,也可以为其他输入输出接口,具体此处不作限定),和/或,一个或一个以上操作系统341,例如Windows ServerTM,Mac OS XTM,UnixTM,LinuxTM,FreeBSDTM等等。
上述实施例中由控制机床轴移动的装置所执行的步骤可以基于该图3所示的控制机床轴移动的装置结构。
本发明实施例还提供了一种数控机床,其特征在于,包括:
控制系统,驱动器,机床本体;
所述控制系统与所述驱动器通信连接;
所述驱动器安装于所述机床本体上,并用于驱动所述机床本体上的机床轴进行移动;
所述控制系统包括处理器,所述处理器用于执行如下步骤。
获取第一通道轴的数据结构,所述第一通道轴为第一通道中的通道轴;
根据所述第一通道轴的数据结构以及预置的逆映射关系确定第二通道轴的数据结构,所述第二通道轴为第二通道中的通道轴,且所述预置的逆映射关系为所述第二通道中的通道轴与所述第一通道中的通道轴的对应关系,所述第一通道轴与所述第二通道轴为不同的通道轴;
根据所述第二通道轴的数据结构进行计算,以得到所述第二通道轴的路径规划数据以及插补数据;
根据所述第二通道轴的数据结构以及预置的轴映射关系确定目标机床轴,所述预置的轴映射关系为所述机床轴与所述第二通道中的通道轴的对应关系;
将所述第二通道轴的路径规划数据以及插补数据发送至所述目标机床轴对应的驱动器,以使得所述目标机床轴对应的驱动器根据所述第二通道轴的路径规划数据以及插补数据驱动所述目标机床轴移动。
可选地,所述处理器还用于:
获取初始化时第一通道中的通道轴与机床轴的第一对应关系;
根据所述第一对应关系以及预置映射规则确定第二对应关系,所述第二对应关系为所述第二通道中的通道轴与所述机床轴的对应关系;
确定将所述第二对应关系作为所述预置的轴映射关系。
可选地,所述处理器还用于:
当所述第一对应关系中存在有与几何轴平行的机床轴时,则将所述与几何轴平行的机床轴排列至所述第二通道中的第一预置通道轴位置;
当所述第一对应关系中存在有作为主轴的机床轴时,则将所述作为主轴的机床轴排列至所述第二通道中的第二预置通道轴位置;
当所述第一对应关系中存在有不为主轴的机床轴或不与几何轴平行的机床轴时,则将所述不为主轴的机床轴或所述不与几何轴平行的机床轴排列至所 述第二通道中的第三预置通道轴位置;
将所述第一预置通道轴位置、所述第二预置通道轴位置以及所述第三预置通道轴位置按照预置的规则排列确定所述第二对应关系。
可选地,所述处理器还用于:
当所述第一对应关系中不存在有与几何轴平行的机床轴时,将所述第一预置通道轴位置留空。
可选地,所述处理器还用于:
当所述第一对应关系中不存在有作为主轴的机床轴时,将所述第三预置通道轴位置留空。
可选地,所述处理器还用于执行如下步骤:
步骤1:确定所述第二对应关系中与第二通道轴相对应的第一机床轴;
步骤2:确定所述第一机床轴在所述第一对应关系中对应的第一通道轴;
步骤3:确定所述第二对应关系中的第二通道轴与所述第一对应关系中的第一通道轴对应;
重复执行步骤1至步骤3,直至将所述第二对应关系中的所有通道轴与所述第一对应关系中的所有通道轴相对应;
确定将所述第二对应关系中的所有通道轴与所述第一对应关系中的所有通道轴的对应关系作为所述预置的逆映射关系。
综上所述,在数控机床的数控系统软件的每个通道中都包含路径规划模块和插补模块,该路径规划模块和插补模块都可以访问通道轴的数据结构,当在数控机床进行加工时,处理器通过通道轴的数据结构来进行计算,用户在数控机床进行操作的时候,不需要关心实际的机床轴在什么位置,因为通过预置的逆映射的关系以及以及预置的轴映射关系可以由通道轴确定机床轴的位置,且由于现有中通道轴的配置是随机的,路径规划模块以及插补模块需要与通道控制模块耦合在一起才能读取到通道轴配置,进而确定机床轴的位置,因此,相对于现有技术来说,本发明中路径规划模块和插补模块无需跟通道控制模块耦合在一起也可以确定机床轴的位置,实现方式更加灵活。
所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到,为描述的方便和简洁,上述描述 的系统,装置和单元的具体工作过程,可以参考前述方法实施例中的对应过程,在此不再赘述。
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中,应该理解到,所揭露的系统,装置和方法,可以通过其它的方式实现。例如,以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的,例如,所述单元的划分,仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分,实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式,例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个系统,或一些特征可以忽略,或不执行。另一点,所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口,装置或单元的间接耦合或通信连接,可以是电性,机械或其它的形式。
所述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的,作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元,即可以位于一个地方,或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部单元来实现本实施例方案的目的。
另外,在本发明各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中,也可以是各个单元单独物理存在,也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。上述集成的单元既可以采用硬件的形式实现,也可以采用软件功能单元的形式实现。
所述集成的单元如果以软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时,可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。基于这样的理解,本发明的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分或者该技术方案的全部或部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来,该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质中,包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可以是个人计算机,控制机床轴移动的装置,或者网络设备等)执行本发明各个实施例所述方法的全部或部分步骤。而前述的存储介质包括:U盘、移动硬盘、只读存储器(ROM,Read-Only Memory)、随机存取存储器(RAM,Random Access Memory)、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
以上所述,以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案,而非对其限制;尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明,本领域的普通技术人员应 当理解:其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改,或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换;而这些修改或者替换,并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。

Claims (13)

  1. 一种控制机床轴移动的方法,其特征在于,所述方法包括:
    获取第一通道轴的数据结构,所述第一通道轴为第一通道中的通道轴;
    根据所述第一通道轴的数据结构以及预置的逆映射关系确定第二通道轴的数据结构,所述第二通道轴为第二通道中的通道轴,且所述预置的逆映射关系为所述第二通道中的通道轴与所述第一通道中的通道轴的对应关系,所述第一通道轴与所述第二通道轴为不同的通道轴;
    根据所述第二通道轴的数据结构进行计算,以得到所述第二通道轴的路径规划数据以及插补数据;
    根据所述第二通道轴的数据结构以及预置的轴映射关系确定目标机床轴,所述预置的轴映射关系为所述机床轴与所述第二通道中的通道轴的对应关系;
    将所述第二通道轴的路径规划数据以及插补数据发送至所述目标机床轴对应的驱动器,以使得所述目标机床轴对应的驱动器根据所述第二通道轴的路径规划数据以及插补数据驱动所述目标机床轴移动。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述根据所述第一通道轴以及预置的逆映射关系确定第二通道轴之前,所述方法还包括:
    获取初始化时第一通道中的通道轴与机床轴的第一对应关系;
    根据所述第一对应关系以及预置映射规则确定第二对应关系,所述第二对应关系为所述第二通道中的通道轴与所述机床轴的对应关系;
    确定将所述第二对应关系作为所述预置的轴映射关系。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的方法,其特征在于,所述根据所述第一对应关系以及预置映射规则确定第二对应关系包括:
    当所述第一对应关系中存在有与几何轴平行的机床轴时,则将所述与几何轴平行的机床轴排列至所述第二通道中的第一预置通道轴位置;
    当所述第一对应关系中存在有作为主轴的机床轴时,则将所述作为主轴的机床轴排列至所述第二通道中的第二预置通道轴位置;
    当所述第一对应关系中存在有不为主轴的机床轴或不与几何轴平行的机床轴时,则将所述不为主轴的机床轴或所述不与几何轴平行的机床轴排列至所 述第二通道中的第三预置通道轴位置;
    将所述第一预置通道轴位置、所述第二预置通道轴位置以及所述第三预置通道轴位置按照预置的规则排列确定所述第二对应关系。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的方法,其特征在于,当所述第一对应关系中不存在有与几何轴平行的机床轴时,所述方法还包括:
    将所述第一预置通道轴位置留空。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的方法,其特征在于,当所述第一对应关系中不存在有作为主轴的机床轴时,所述方法还包括:
    将所述第三预置通道轴位置留空。
  6. 根据权利要求2所述的方法,其特征在于,所述确定将所述第二对应关系作为所述预置的轴映射关系之后,所述方法还包括:
    步骤1:确定所述第二对应关系中与第二通道轴相对应的第一机床轴;
    步骤2:确定所述第一机床轴在所述第一对应关系中对应的第一通道轴;
    步骤3:确定所述第二对应关系中的第二通道轴与所述第一对应关系中的第一通道轴对应;
    重复执行步骤1至步骤3,直至将所述第二对应关系中的所有通道轴与所述第一对应关系中的所有通道轴相对应;
    确定将所述第二对应关系中的所有通道轴与所述第一对应关系中的所有通道轴的对应关系作为所述预置的逆映射关系。
  7. 一种控制机床轴移动的装置,其特征在与,包括:
    处理器、存储介质以及输入输出接口;
    所述存储介质上存储的程序代码,所述处理器,用于调用所述程序代码执行如权利要求1至6任一项所述的控制机床轴移动的方法。
  8. 一种数控机床,其特征在于,包括:
    控制系统,驱动器,机床本体;
    所述控制系统与所述驱动器通信连接;
    所述驱动器安装于所述机床本体上,并用于驱动所述机床本体上的机床轴进行移动;
    所述控制系统包括处理器,所述处理器用于执行如下步骤:
    获取第一通道轴的数据结构,所述第一通道轴为第一通道中的通道轴;
    根据所述第一通道轴的数据结构以及预置的逆映射关系确定第二通道轴的数据结构,所述第二通道轴为第二通道中的通道轴,且所述预置的逆映射关系为所述第二通道中的通道轴与所述第一通道中的通道轴的对应关系,所述第一通道轴与所述第二通道轴为不同的通道轴;
    根据所述第二通道轴的数据结构进行计算,以得到所述第二通道轴的路径规划数据以及插补数据;
    根据所述第二通道轴的数据结构以及预置的轴映射关系确定目标机床轴,所述预置的轴映射关系为所述机床轴与所述第二通道中的通道轴的对应关系;
    将所述第二通道轴的路径规划数据以及插补数据发送至所述目标机床轴对应的驱动器,以使得所述目标机床轴对应的驱动器根据所述第二通道轴的路径规划数据以及插补数据驱动所述目标机床轴移动。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的数控机床,其特征在于,所述处理器还用于:
    获取初始化时第一通道中的通道轴与机床轴的第一对应关系;
    根据所述第一对应关系以及预置映射规则确定第二对应关系,所述第二对应关系为所述第二通道中的通道轴与所述机床轴的对应关系;
    确定将所述第二对应关系作为所述预置的轴映射关系。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的数控机床,其特征在于,所述处理器还用于:
    当所述第一对应关系中存在有与几何轴平行的机床轴时,则将所述与几何轴平行的机床轴排列至所述第二通道中的第一预置通道轴位置;
    当所述第一对应关系中存在有作为主轴的机床轴时,则将所述作为主轴的机床轴排列至所述第二通道中的第二预置通道轴位置;
    当所述第一对应关系中存在有不为主轴的机床轴或不与几何轴平行的机床轴时,则将所述不为主轴的机床轴或所述不与几何轴平行的机床轴排列至所述第二通道中的第三预置通道轴位置;
    将所述第一预置通道轴位置、所述第二预置通道轴位置以及所述第三预置通道轴位置按照预置的规则排列确定所述第二对应关系。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的数控机床,其特征在于,所述处理器还用于:
    当所述第一对应关系中不存在有与几何轴平行的机床轴时,将所述第一预置通道轴位置留空。
  12. 根据权利要求10所述的数控机床,其特征在于,所述处理器还用于:
    当所述第一对应关系中不存在有作为主轴的机床轴时,将所述第三预置通道轴位置留空。
  13. 根据权利要求9所述的数控机床,其特征在于,所述处理器还用于执行如下步骤:
    步骤1:确定所述第二对应关系中与第二通道轴相对应的第一机床轴;
    步骤2:确定所述第一机床轴在所述第一对应关系中对应的第一通道轴;
    步骤3:确定所述第二对应关系中的第二通道轴与所述第一对应关系中的第一通道轴对应;
    重复执行步骤1至步骤3,直至将所述第二对应关系中的所有通道轴与所述第一对应关系中的所有通道轴相对应;
    确定将所述第二对应关系中的所有通道轴与所述第一对应关系中的所有通道轴的对应关系作为所述预置的逆映射关系。
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