WO2019011101A1 - 无砟轨道基本板连接结构及具有该连接结构的无砟轨道 - Google Patents

无砟轨道基本板连接结构及具有该连接结构的无砟轨道 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019011101A1
WO2019011101A1 PCT/CN2018/091272 CN2018091272W WO2019011101A1 WO 2019011101 A1 WO2019011101 A1 WO 2019011101A1 CN 2018091272 W CN2018091272 W CN 2018091272W WO 2019011101 A1 WO2019011101 A1 WO 2019011101A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
ballastless track
limiting
hole
plate
basic
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2018/091272
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
孙立
王森荣
郜永杰
杨艳丽
朱彬
李启航
张�杰
Original Assignee
中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN201710557881.0A external-priority patent/CN107227659A/zh
Priority claimed from CN201710557894.8A external-priority patent/CN107217549A/zh
Priority claimed from CN201710557865.1A external-priority patent/CN107190584B/zh
Application filed by 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 filed Critical 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司
Priority to SG11202000212VA priority Critical patent/SG11202000212VA/en
Priority to IL271899A priority patent/IL271899B2/en
Priority to BR112020000527-4A priority patent/BR112020000527B1/pt
Publication of WO2019011101A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019011101A1/zh
Priority to PH12020500053A priority patent/PH12020500053A1/en
Priority to ZA2020/00706A priority patent/ZA202000706B/en

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B1/00—Ballastway; Other means for supporting the sleepers or the track; Drainage of the ballastway
    • E01B1/002—Ballastless track, e.g. concrete slab trackway, or with asphalt layers
    • E01B1/007—Ballastless track, e.g. concrete slab trackway, or with asphalt layers with interlocking means to withstand horizontal forces
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B1/00—Ballastway; Other means for supporting the sleepers or the track; Drainage of the ballastway
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B1/00—Ballastway; Other means for supporting the sleepers or the track; Drainage of the ballastway
    • E01B1/002—Ballastless track, e.g. concrete slab trackway, or with asphalt layers
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B29/00—Laying, rebuilding, or taking-up tracks; Tools or machines therefor
    • E01B29/24—Fixing or removing detachable fastening means or accessories thereof; Pre-assembling track components by detachable fastening means

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of ballastless track, and particularly relates to a ballastless track basic board connecting structure and a ballastless track having the connecting structure.
  • the ballastless track refers to the track structure in which the bulk gravel bed is replaced by a whole foundation such as concrete or asphalt mixture. Compared with the ballasted track, the ballastless track avoids the ballast splash, has good smoothness, good stability, long service life, good durability and less maintenance work, and is being applied more and more.
  • the slab ballastless track structure mainly relates to a track plate, an asphalt mortar or a self-compacting concrete filling layer, a base or a supporting layer, wherein the base or the supporting layer is made of a concrete structure, and the asphalt mortar or self-compacting concrete is laid on the base or the supporting layer.
  • the layer is a structural layer that adjusts and supports the force transmission of the ballastless track structure.
  • each track plate after installation and installation is independent.
  • the shortcoming is that after the line runs for a period of time, the track plate and the filling layer will be peeled off, and the longitudinal end of the track plate is prone to warp, which will undoubtedly give the train running stability, comfort and life of the track structure. Causes adverse effects.
  • the patent document CN 201495454 U discloses a high-speed railway plate type ballastless track longitudinal connection structure, which comprises a track plate laid along the longitudinal direction of the line, the track plate The longitudinal end portions are spaced apart from at least two sets of dimples and arcuate through holes, and the two ends of the arcuate through holes are respectively communicated with the longitudinal end faces of the dimples and the track plates, and are arranged in the arcs of the dimples and the arcuate through holes.
  • the bolted assembly connects the two adjacent rail plates longitudinally.
  • connection structure can overcome the problem that the rigid connection is arched on the track plate under the condition of excessive temperature force, but in this solution, a certain depth of the pit is required to be formed at both ends of the plate body, and then a through connection is established in the groove.
  • the bolt hole at the end end, on the one hand, the additional opening of the pit on the plate body requires an increase in the process, which increases the manufacturing difficulty and cost, and the dimples therein have the inner wall size and shape in order to satisfy the opening of the bolt hole and the connection and fixing of the bolt.
  • the higher requirements make the manufacturing more difficult; in particular, the setting of such pits causes the deposition of rain, dirt, etc., which makes the bolt connection corroded or difficult to disassemble and repair, thereby increasing the difficulty of maintenance in the later stage.
  • China's plate type ballastless track types mainly include CRTSI type plate type, CRTSII type plate type and CRTSIII type plate type ballastless track.
  • the CRTSI-type slab-type ballastless track is a unit board. The board-to-board is not connected longitudinally. There is no transverse stop. It is laid on the cast-in-place reinforced concrete base with convex stop, and is limited by the convex stop.
  • the CRTSII type plate type ballastless track plate is longitudinally connected with the plate, and the vertical connection structure is formed by longitudinally staking the threaded reinforcing bar and the tension lock member, and a lateral stop is provided.
  • the CRTSIII type slab ballastless track self-compacting concrete filling layer and the base adopt a limit manner in which square bosses (or grooves) are respectively disposed on both sides of the self-compacting concrete layer.
  • a prefabricated slab ballastless track structure disclosed in the patent document CN105200868A discloses a limit structure in which the track plate is in the form of an intermediate permeable frame (through hole), and the base corresponds to the through hole in the middle of the prefabricated track plate.
  • a limit boss is provided, and the limit boss is single or multiple for limiting the track plate in the lateral direction and the longitudinal direction.
  • the above-mentioned slab-type ballastless track type has a poor detachability of the limit type. Once the track plate is damaged or damaged, the maintenance is very inconvenient; in addition, the above-mentioned limit structure is also insufficient in the force and deformation requirements. Therefore, it is necessary to design a fabricated ballastless track limit structure to solve the problem of the inconvenience of the current limit of the plate type ballastless track on the limit of the track plate, and at the same time improve the stress deformation requirements of the current limit structure. .
  • the existing slab ballastless track structure Due to the complexity of the flat longitudinal section and the under-rail foundation structure, the existing slab ballastless track structure has a large number of shaped plates, which reduces the manufacturing efficiency of the factory; Moreover, the structural dimensions of the standard plate and the profiled plate are different, which is inconvenient. The stacking and transportation of the track panels and the on-site assembly work, once the track plate is damaged and damaged, the maintenance workload is large.
  • each track plate after installation and installation is independent, and the disadvantage is that the track plate and the asphalt mortar filling layer may be peeled off after the line is operated for a period of time.
  • the longitudinal end of the track plate is prone to warpage, which undoubtedly adversely affects the smoothness, comfort and life of the track structure.
  • the present invention provides a ballastless track basic board connecting structure and a ballastless track having the same, which is provided with an optimized and improved connecting structure on the ballastless track base board. Not only can it overcome the problem that the basic plate connection is prone to the deformation of the upper arch, but the structure is simple, the construction is convenient, and the disassembly and maintenance and maintenance are reliable and simple.
  • a ballastless track basic board connecting structure which includes a first connecting body disposed on a first ballastless track base board to be connected, and is disposed to be connected a second connector on the base plate of the second ballastless track, wherein
  • the first connecting body is disposed at an end of the first ballastless track base plate, and includes a protruding portion protruding in a longitudinal direction, and a longitudinal end surface of the protruding portion is provided with a bolt penetrating the surface of the first connecting body hole;
  • the second connecting body is disposed at an end of the second ballastless track base plate correspondingly connected to the first ballastless track base plate, and is provided with a recessed portion in the longitudinal direction and matching the protruding portion, and The longitudinal end surface of the recessed portion is provided with a bolt hole penetrating through the surface of the second connecting body; when the end portions of the two basic plates are spliced and aligned, the protruding portion and the recessed portion are exactly matched to form a splicing and the two bolt holes are communicated so that the bolt can penetrate through the two The bolt holes are used to connect and fix the two basic boards.
  • the upper surfaces of the first connecting body and the upper surface of the second connecting body are both higher than the upper surfaces of the corresponding first basic plate and the second basic plate, and the two surfaces are transitioned through the slope surface.
  • One end of the bolt hole is open to the slope surface such that the opening is higher than the surface of the base plate.
  • the central axis of the opening on the ramp surface is perpendicular to the ramp surface.
  • the bolt holes on the first connecting body and the second connecting body are arc-shaped holes, and the arc shapes of the two bolt holes correspond so that the two can be matched and the arc bolt can penetrate the two bolts. hole.
  • the arcuate bolt holes formed in the first connecting body and the second connecting body may be one or two or more.
  • the first connecting body on the end of the first ballastless track base plate is one or more, correspondingly the second connecting body on the end of the second ballastless track base plate is also For one or more.
  • a pre-embedded sleeve is disposed in the arc bolt hole.
  • ballastless track having the above-described connection structure.
  • a mounting type limiting structure for a ballastless track is provided, which is disposed between a rail board and a base thereof to limit the two, wherein the limiting structure comprises:
  • a limiting body having a through hole penetrating through the opposite end faces, and a groove having a certain depth is formed on one end surface of the opposite end faces of the limiting body;
  • a first limiting hole disposed on the rail plate, and matching the contour contour of the limiting body for nesting one end of the limiting body;
  • a second limiting hole is formed on the base, and an outer contour thereof is matched with the contour of the limiting body for inserting the other end of the limiting body into the base;
  • a limiting tooth which is defined at a bottom of the second limiting hole, and is matched with a groove on an end surface of the limiting body for the limiting tooth to be
  • the groove is matched, and the limiting tooth is provided with a bolt hole, and when the limiting body is inserted into the second limiting hole, it can penetrate with the through hole of the limiting body, so that the bolt can pass through the through hole
  • the limit body is removably fixed to the base, and the limit of the rail plate is achieved by matching the limiting body with the first limiting hole.
  • the limiting body may be a cylinder, a rectangular parallelepiped, an oblong body or an ellipsoidal structure.
  • the first limiting hole on the rail plate is opened on the outer side edges of the two rails of the rail plate, and is located at the connecting end end of the rail plate, that is, it is formed to match the contour of the limiting body. 1/4 hole, the first limiting hole of the corresponding end portion of the two track plates can be combined to form a semi-hole structure matching the contour of the outer periphery of the limiting body, so as to maintain the pair of track plates after the limiting body is inserted therein Limit.
  • the number of said first limiting holes on each end of the track plate to be joined is two.
  • the limiting teeth are strip-shaped blocks, and the protruding teeth are disposed at the bottom of the second limiting hole.
  • the number of bolt holes formed in the limiting teeth is the same as the number of through holes on the opposite end faces of the through limiting body.
  • a pre-embedded sleeve is disposed in the bolt hole formed in the limiting tooth.
  • the limiting body is a precast concrete block or a steel block.
  • an assembled ballastless track having the above-described limit structure is provided.
  • an assembled ballastless track is provided, characterized in that the ballastless track is composed of a plurality of unit board connections, wherein each unit board is composed of at least one having a certain number of track platforms.
  • the prefabricated basic board is connected to the anchoring composition, thereby forming a unit board whose length is more suitable for the site, and
  • One of the prefabricated basic plates that are connected to each other has a protruding portion that protrudes in the longitudinal direction, and a longitudinal end surface of the protruding portion has a bolt hole penetrating through the surface of the basic plate, and the other a recessed portion extending in the longitudinal direction and matching the protruding portion is formed on the end portion of the corresponding connecting portion, and a longitudinal hole end surface of the recessed portion is provided with a bolt hole penetrating through the surface of the basic plate, and the two prefabricated basic plates are The connection between the two ends is achieved by matching the corresponding protrusions and the recesses to form a splicing structure and fastening the two bolt holes through the bolts.
  • the unit panel of which the length meets the needs of the field can be realized by a plurality of different sets of basic boards, wherein the basic board length and/or number in each set of basic board combinations is different from that in the other set of basic board combinations. .
  • the number of the rails of the prefabricated basic board is three, four, five, six or more.
  • the bolt hole formed in the longitudinal end surface of the projection has a surface on which the opening penetrating the base plate surface is higher than the surface of the base plate.
  • the bolt hole formed in the longitudinal end surface of the recess portion has a surface on which the opening penetrating the base plate surface is higher than the surface of the base plate.
  • the central axis of the opening on the ramp surface is perpendicular to the ramp surface.
  • the bolt holes of the protruding portion and the recess portion are arc-shaped holes, and the arc shapes of the two bolt holes correspond so that the two can be matched and the arc-shaped bolt can penetrate the two bolt holes.
  • the bolt holes corresponding to the protrusions or recesses may be one or two or more.
  • the projections on the end portions of the base plate are one or more, and the recesses that are mated to form a splicing are correspondingly one or more.
  • the connecting structure of the present invention is provided with connecting bodies respectively at corresponding ends of the base plates to be connected, wherein the protruding portions and the recessed portions are respectively provided, and when the two are matched, the splicing is formed, and the connecting is performed by the arc bolts. Therefore, the anchoring of the two basic plates can be conveniently implemented, and the anchoring force transmission is reasonable, and the problem that the track plate is easily deformed by force is overcome;
  • the bolt holes are arc-shaped holes, and the opening on the surface of the rail plate is higher than the base surface thereof, so that no water or dirt accumulates, and the connection due to water or dirt in the hand hole is avoided. Corrosion of components;
  • the longitudinal connection structure of the ballastless track basic plate of the invention is convenient for construction, convenient for maintenance and repair, and provides the possibility of assembling a plurality of different size unit plates, effectively meeting the stability and comfort of the ballastless track. Requirements, easy to construct and maintain.
  • the limit body is connected with the bolt of the base to form a detachable limit connection, thereby facilitating the disassembly and assembly of the limit structure to realize the detachable maintenance of the track plate. Or replacement treatment;
  • the limiting structure of the present invention adopts a limiting hole structure in which the contour of the hole wall of the rail plate is matched with the contour of the structure of the limiting body, so that the limiting body is nested and installed therein, and the limiting body is fixed. At the base, the lateral and longitudinal displacement of the track plate can be reliably and stably controlled;
  • the limit structure of the invention can realize the detachable limit of the track plate, not only the positional force deformation meets the requirements, but also facilitates the disassembly and assembly of the subsequent track plate.
  • the ballastless track of the present invention can be flexibly configured and combined by using a plurality of basic boards of various specifications, and can be assembled into unit boards of different sizes according to site requirements, and the combined form is more diverse; the prefabricated basic board is compact and lightweight. It is easier to manufacture, stack and transport, and on-site assembly, which reduces the use of existing shaped plates.
  • the small modular prefabricated basic plates are easier to replace in the case of on-site damage, effectively reducing the workload of public works maintenance and improving Productivity;
  • the ballastless track of the present invention utilizes an optimized and improved basic board connection method, that is, a matching protrusion and a recessed portion are provided at the connection end of the prefabricated basic board, thereby forming a splicing structure and an arc opened therethrough.
  • the bolt hole is fastened by the arc bolt to anchor the basic plate, and the basic plate of several assembled ballastless tracks can be prefabricated firstly, and then the basic plate is assembled into a unit plate of a certain size through the connecting device, thereby being flexible. Match and combine to form a unit board that is more adaptable to the needs of the field.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a connection structure of a ballastless track basic board according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view along line A-A of the ballastless track base plate connection structure of Figure 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective structural view showing a connection structure of a ballastless track basic board according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic exploded view showing a partial structure of a limiting structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a first limiting hole of a limiting structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a second limiting hole of a limiting structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic view showing the assembly structure of the limit structure in the ballastless track according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a prefabricated basic board including three track-bearing stages in a ballastless track according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of a prefabricated basic board including four track-bearing stages in a ballastless track according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural view of a prefabricated basic board including five track-bearing stages in a ballastless track according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural view of a prefabricated basic plate including six track-bearing stages in a ballastless track according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 12 is a schematic view showing the connection structure of a prefabricated basic board in a ballastless track according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the same reference numerals denote the same technical features, specifically: 10-base plate, 11-connector, 12-curved through hole, 13-pre-embedded sleeve, 20-limit body, 21-through hole, 22-limit groove, 30-first limit hole, 40-second limit hole, 41-limit tooth, 42-bolt hole, 43-pre-embedded sleeve, 50-fastening Bolt, 60-prefabricated basic plate, 61-base plate surface, 62-bolt hole, 63-pre-embedded sleeve.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a connection structure of a ballastless track basic board according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the ballastless track basic board connecting structure of FIG. 1 taken along line AA
  • FIG. 3 is a skeleton of a ballastless track according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • a ballastless track basic board connecting structure includes a connecting body 11 disposed on a ballastless track base board 10 to be connected, and another set to be connected The connector 11 on the base plate 10 of the ballastless track.
  • the connecting body is disposed at the end of the ballastless track base plate, preferably disposed on the base plate between the two rails, or may be disposed at the end of the basic plate outside the rail, and the number of the connectors may be one or two or other quantities.
  • the surface of the connecting body protrudes from the surface of the basic plate, and the upper surface of the connecting body and the surface of the basic plate are transitioned through the slope surface, and may be a flat surface or a curved surface.
  • the upper surface of the connecting body 11 is higher than the surface of the basic board 10, that is, the connecting body 11 is protruded from the basic board 10.
  • the upper surface of the connecting body 11 and the basic board surface are inclined by a slope, and the slope surface is It can be flat or curved, which is convenient for processing and subsequent construction operations.
  • the longitudinal end portion of the connecting body 11 on the base plate 10 is provided at its longitudinal end portion with a projection projecting in the longitudinal direction, projecting from the end of the base plate.
  • the projection is provided at a lower portion of the connecting body 11.
  • the longitudinal end of the connecting body 11 of the other basic board 10 is provided with a recessed portion matching the protruding portion, the longitudinal end portion of the recessed portion is flush with the end of the basic plate, and the recessed portion is preferably disposed at the lower portion of the connecting body 11. .
  • the longitudinal end surface of the protruding portion is preferably a flat surface, and the longitudinal end surface of the concave portion is also a flat surface, and the two can be matched with the splicing.
  • the shape of the longitudinal end surface of the protruding portion and the concave portion is not limited in the present invention, and may be Any shape that matches each other.
  • the connecting portion of the recess portion has a longitudinal end surface which is flush with the longitudinal end surface of the basic plate, and the longitudinal end surface of the protruding portion protrudes from the corresponding longitudinal end surface of the basic plate for extending into the recess portion.
  • the two basic plate end faces and the end faces of the two connecting portions are reliably spliced.
  • An arc-shaped hole is formed in the protruding portion of the connecting body 11, wherein the arc-shaped hole is provided at one end opening at the longitudinal end of the protruding portion, and the other end opening is disposed between the upper surface of the connecting body 11 and the basic upper surface On the slope.
  • the two arc-shaped holes communicate with each other when the corresponding connection is made, so that the bolt can penetrate the two bolt holes to connect and fix the two basic plates.
  • the corresponding protrusions on the two connecting bodies are matched with the bolt through holes on the recesses, and an integral curved hole can be formed when communicating, so that the curved bolts are passed through to anchor the two.
  • the sleeve 13 is pre-embedded in the arcuate through holes 12.
  • the arcuate bolt holes formed in the connecting body may be one, or two or more.
  • connection between the basic plates based on the ballastless track has a great influence on the mechanical properties, stability reliability and convenience of construction and maintenance of the ballastless track, and the invention adopts the newly designed connecting structure, which passes
  • the connecting ends of the basic plates to be connected are respectively provided with connecting bodies, wherein the protruding portions and the recessed portions are respectively provided, and when the two are matched, the splicing is formed, and the connecting is performed by the arc bolts, so that the anchoring of the two basic plates can be conveniently implemented on the one hand.
  • the whole track unit plate has reasonable force transmission and good stability, and overcomes the problem that the track plate is easily deformed by force; on the other hand, the opening on the surface of the track plate is higher than the base surface, and the processing and preparation thereof are convenient and simple, and the construction is also convenient. Very convenient, more importantly, there will be no accumulation of water or dirt in the bolt holes, which can avoid water or dirt from the hand holes. Corrosion connected components.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic partial exploded view of a limiting structure according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a first limiting hole of a limiting structure according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 6 is a structural diagram of a limiting structure according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 7 is an exploded perspective view of the limiting structure of the embodiment of the present invention in the assembly operation of the ballastless track.
  • a removable limit structure for a fabricated ballastless track is assembled between a track plate and a base thereof to limit the two, that is, in the track.
  • the plate is finely adjusted to mount a prefabricated stop structure that is inserted into the track plate and the base to limit the displacement of the track plate in the lateral and/or longitudinal direction of the base.
  • the limiting structure includes a limiting body 20 , a first limiting hole 30 , a second limiting hole 40 , and a limiting tooth 41 .
  • the shape of the limiting body 20 may be a cylinder, a rectangular parallelepiped, an oblong body or an ellipsoidal structure, that is, an overall elongated structure having a certain thickness, and the cross section may be a rectangle or an oblong shape. Elliptical or any other structural form that can be easily processed or assembled.
  • the limiting body 20 may be made of precast concrete or a metal material such as steel.
  • the limiting body 20 has a through hole extending through the opposite end faces (as shown in FIG. 4, the upper and lower end faces of the limiting body 20) for the fastening bolt 50 to pass through, and A groove having a certain depth is formed on one end surface of the opposite end faces of the bit body 20 (as shown in FIG. 4 at the lower end surface of the limiting body 20).
  • the first limiting hole 30 is a hole matching the outer contour of the limiting body 20, and is used for nesting the limiting body in a nested manner, so that the two are matched and combined to define the movement of the track plate.
  • the first limiting hole 30 is formed on the end surface of the rail plate to be connected and located on the side of the outer side of the two rails.
  • the first limiting hole 30 is a 1/4 hole matching the part of the contour of the limiting body, that is, the cross section is 1/4 of the entire outer peripheral contour, and the two limiting holes can form a half hole when splicing. structure.
  • the cross section of the first limiting hole 30 is a non-complete partial shape, preferably 1/4 of the entire complete cross-sectional shape, and two such limiting holes can be symmetrically combined into 1/2 holes, and two Such 1/2 hole symmetry can be combined into a complete cross section hole.
  • the specific cross-sectional shape may be, for example, 1/4 of a circle, 1/4 of a rectangle, 1/4 of an oblong shape, or a 1/4 structure of a semi-ellipse, in such a manner that when the ends of the two spliced track plates are aligned
  • the first limiting holes 30 corresponding to the two sides of the end portion can be combined to form a half-hole cross section, that is, a hole structure having a cross section of 1/2 complete cross section, and the two above-mentioned 1/2 hole structures can constitute the entire complete hole.
  • the first limiting hole 10 in the present solution may also be other sizes, for example, the contour may be 1/3, 2/3, etc. of the entire limiting body contour, or the other may allow the limiting body 20 to be installed therein.
  • the number of the first limiting holes 30 on each end surface may be one or two or more, preferably two, and the limiting effect is optimal.
  • the specific quantity may be determined according to actual engineering requirements.
  • the first limiting hole 30 is preferably disposed at a longitudinal end surface of the unit plate, that is, on a side near the longitudinal end surface, for example, the side plate on which the end surface is located has a contour of 1/4 of the entire complete hole contour.
  • the hole such that the hole at the same position of the end face when combined with another unit plate can be combined to form a 1/2 contour hole, of course, the hole profile opened at the end face can be other sizes, and the composition of the two unit plates is larger or more
  • the small profile size, but regardless of the size of the profile, must be guaranteed to have a limit effect on the stop body, more preferably at least a portion of the contour of the outer periphery of the stop body 20.
  • the unit plates spliced to form the track are combined by a plurality of prefabricated basic plate connections.
  • two basic plates are connected to each other, one of the end faces is provided with a convex portion, and the other end surface is provided with a concave portion.
  • the two parts are spliced to form a splicing.
  • the surface height of the convex portion and the concave portion on both end faces is higher than the height of the basic plate surface, and further set at the transition portion between the convex portion and the concave portion surface or the surface and the surface of the basic plate
  • the opening hole penetrates the longitudinal end surface of the protruding portion and the concave portion, preferably a bolt hole, and the two basic plates can be connected and fixed by bolts, and since the opening height of the surface is higher than the surface of the basic plate, there is no product. Water or dirt is more convenient for subsequent disassembly and assembly, maintenance and so on.
  • the basic plates are connected to form a unit plate by the above-mentioned manner, and the end of the unit plate is further provided with the above-mentioned limiting hole structure, that is, only the first limiting holes 30 are required to start corresponding to the opposite end faces of the two unit plates (for example, Two ends are provided for each end surface, and a corresponding number of second limiting holes 40 (for example, two) are disposed on the base corresponding to the position, so that the splicing of the track can be conveniently realized and the stable and reliable limit in the horizontal and vertical directions can be ensured. .
  • the first limiting hole 30 may also be a complete hole that is completely matched with the contour of the limiting body, and the cross section is a complete cylinder, a rectangular parallelepiped, an oblong or an ellipsoidal structure, etc., or the like.
  • the shape of the outer contour of the limiting body 20 matches.
  • the first limiting hole 30 is defined between two rails of the track plate, and the number of the first limiting holes 30 may be one or two. The specific quantity may be determined according to actual engineering requirements.
  • the second limiting hole 40 is formed on the base for supporting the rail plate, and its outer contour is matched with the contour of the limiting body 20 for inserting the other end of the limiting body 20 therein.
  • the limiting body 20 is also rectangular, oblong, or elliptical in cross section, or other shape matching the outer contour of the limiting body 20, and preferably has a certain depth, the depth of which depends on the thickness of the limiting body and The thickness of the track plate and the base is determined.
  • the bottom of the second limiting hole 40 is provided with a limiting tooth 41 which is matched with the groove on the end surface of the limiting body 20 for matching the one end of the limiting body 20 with the groove.
  • the limiting hole 41 is provided with a bolt hole 42 and is matched with the through hole of the limiting body 20, and can be penetrated with the through hole of the limiting body 20 when the limiting body 20 is inserted into the second limiting hole 40, and is used for
  • the bolts 40 are passed through for connection, that is, the bolts 40 can pass through the through holes and then be inserted into the bolt holes 42 for connection to fix the limiting body 20 to the base.
  • the bolt can be disassembled when being connected, so that the limiting body 20 can be detachably fixed on the base for convenient maintenance and replacement.
  • One end of the limiting body 20 is inserted into the second limiting hole 40, and the groove 12 on the end surface of the limiting body 20 is matched with the limiting tooth 41 disposed on the bottom of the second limiting hole 40, and is fixedly connected by the bolt 40. Reliable fixing of the limiting body 20.
  • the other end of the limiting body 20 is disposed in the first limiting hole 30 of the rail plate, so that the limiting of the rail plate can be achieved by matching the limiting body 20 with the first limiting hole 30, including the lateral limit.
  • Bits can also be longitudinal limits, or both horizontal and vertical limits.
  • the sleeve 43 can be pre-embedded in the through hole of the limiting body 20 to facilitate the mounting and connection of the bolt 40.
  • the sleeve 43 can also be pre-embedded in the bolt hole 42 in the second limiting hole 40 on the base.
  • the prefabricated limit block is installed after the fine adjustment of the track plate, and the limit block can be located in the plate end or the plate; the limit block is fastened by using a bolt and a pre-embedded sleeve in the base. If the track plate is damaged and needs to be replaced, unscrew the anchor bolt and remove the lower limit block.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a prefabricated basic plate including three rail-bearing platforms in a ballastless track according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 9 is a prefabricated basic structure including four track-bearing platforms in a ballastless track according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic view showing the structure of a prefabricated basic plate including five track-bearing stages in a ballastless track according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 11 is a view showing a six-tracked track in a ballastless track according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 12 is a schematic view showing the connection structure of the prefabricated basic plate in the ballastless track according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • a fabricated ballastless track is composed of a plurality of unit board connections, wherein each unit board is composed of at least one prefabricated basic board having a certain number of track platforms.
  • each unit board is composed of at least one prefabricated basic board having a certain number of track platforms.
  • the solution can form a unit board that meets the needs of the site in combination to meet the various length requirements of the track board in the field, and the unit board that meets the needs of the field can be realized by a plurality of different basic board combinations, wherein each unit board The length and/or the number of unit plates in the combination are different from those in the other group of unit plates, that is, when forming a cell board that meets the needs of the site, the splicing combination can be performed through a group of basic plate groups having a certain number and length, or Another group of basic boards with a certain number and length is spliced, so that the requirements of the site can be flexibly met.
  • the number of basic boards can be different, the lengths can be different, or the number and length can be different. different. In this way, it is possible to overcome the need to formulate track plates of various length specifications, various irregular plates, etc. in the conventional method to meet the on-site requirements, greatly improving the preparation efficiency and reducing the on-site storage and construction operation procedures.
  • the prefabricated production of the ballastless track base plate may be, for example, a base plate including three orbital platforms (No. 3 plate), and includes four base plates for the track-bearing table. (No. 4 board), including five types of railing base boards (No. 5 board), and six types of railing base boards (No. 6 boards).
  • No. 3 plate a base plate including three orbital platforms
  • No. 4 board includes four base plates for the track-bearing table.
  • No. 5 board including five types of railing base boards (No. 5 board), and six types of railing base boards (No. 6 boards).
  • the type and size of the basic boards are not used in the present invention. Limited, you can make specific choices according to the actual situation.
  • the base plate having three track platforms has a length of 1.95 m; the base plate having four track platforms has a length of 2.6 m; and the base plate having five track platforms has a length of 3.25m; the basic board with six railing platforms has a length of 3.9m.
  • the length of the basic board is not limited, and specific selection may be made according to actual conditions.
  • one of the two adjacent prefabricated basic plates 60 has a projection projecting in the longitudinal direction, and the longitudinal end surface of the projection is open to the surface of the basic plate.
  • a through hole of the bolt hole 61, and a corresponding recessed portion is formed in the longitudinal direction and matched with the protruding portion, and the longitudinal end surface of the recessed portion is provided with a bolt hole 62 extending through the basic upper surface 61.
  • the connection between the two prefabricated basic plates 60 is achieved by matching the corresponding protrusions and the recesses to form a splicing structure and fastening the two bolt holes 62 with bolts.
  • the prefabricated basic board 60 can be assembled and assembled into a unit board of a desired length by the above connection manner in the field, for example, the basic board of three, four, five, and six railing stages in this embodiment.
  • the combination of 60 results in a combined unit plate having 6 to 12 rail-bearing tables, and the length gradient of the combined unit plates is gradually increased.
  • the opening of the bolt hole 62 formed in the longitudinal end surface of the projection on the base plate 60 is higher than the surface of the base plate through the opening of the basic plate surface 61, thereby making the bolt at the opening.
  • the components do not accumulate water, avoid corrosion or maintenance inconvenience due to accumulation of water or dirt, and on the other hand facilitate preparation and subsequent construction operations.
  • the bolt holes 62 of the protruding portion and the recess portion are arc-shaped holes, and the arc shapes of the two bolt holes are corresponding so that the two can be matched and the arc bolt can penetrate the two bolt holes.
  • the sleeve can also be pre-embedded in the arcuate hole to facilitate the bolt set.
  • the projections on the end of the base plate are one, and the recesses that are mated to form a splicing are correspondingly one.
  • the invention adopts the newly designed connecting structure, and the protruding portion and the concave portion are respectively disposed at the corresponding ends of the basic plates to be connected, and when the two are matched, the splicing is formed, and the connecting is performed by the arc bolt, thereby being able to It is convenient to carry out the anchoring of the two basic plates, and can be reliably matched only by matching the snaps, and then anchored and locked by bolts, and the anchoring force is transmitted through the connecting portions, and the force is transmitted by the protruding portions and the depressed portions, thereby making the whole
  • the track unit plate has reasonable force transmission and good stability, and overcomes the problem that the track plate is easily deformed by force.

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  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
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  • Bridges Or Land Bridges (AREA)
  • Arrangement Of Elements, Cooling, Sealing, Or The Like Of Lighting Devices (AREA)
  • Fuses (AREA)

Abstract

一种无砟轨道基本板连接结构以及具有该连接结构的无砟轨道，连接结构包括第一连接体和第二连接体，其中第一连接体设置于第一无砟轨道基本板的端部，其包括具有沿纵向凸出的凸出部，且该凸出部的纵向端面开有与第一连接体表面贯通的螺栓孔；第二连接体设置于第二无砟轨道基本板的与第一无砟轨道基本板对应连接的端部，其上开设有沿纵向的并与所述凸出部匹配的凹陷部，且该凹陷部的纵向端面开设有与第二连接体表面贯通的螺栓孔。无砟轨道基本板上设置优化改进的连接结构，不但可以克服基本板连接容易出现受力上拱变形的问题，而且其结构简单，施工方便，后期拆装及维护保养可靠简单。

Description

无砟轨道基本板连接结构及具有该连接结构的无砟轨道 [技术领域]
本发明属于无砟轨道技术领域，具体涉及一种无砟轨道基本板连接结构及具有该连接结构的无砟轨道。
[背景技术]
无砟轨道是指采用混凝土、沥青混合料等整体基础取代散粒碎石道床的轨道结构。无砟轨道与有砟轨道相比，避免了道砟飞溅，平顺性好，稳定性好，使用寿命长，耐久性好，维修工作少，正在越来越多地被应用。
板式无砟轨道构造主要涉及轨道板、沥青砂浆或自密实混凝土充填层、底座或支承层等结构，其中底座或支承层采用混凝土结构，铺设于底座或支承层上的沥青砂浆或自密实混凝土充填层是无砟轨道结构调整和支承传力的结构层。
现有的单元板式无砟轨道构造中，铺设安装后的每块轨道板之间是独立的。其不足之处是，在线路运行一段时间后，轨道板与填充层会发生剥离，轨道板的纵向端部易产生翘曲，这无疑会给列车运行的平稳性、舒适性和轨道结构的寿命造成不利的影响。
现有技术中出现了纵连式的板式无砟轨道结构，例如专利文献201695285U中公开的无砟轨道板纵向连接张拉锁，其通过从轨道板纵向伸出的钢筋进行连接锁紧实现纵向连接。但是这种连接型式基本等同于纵向预应力钢筋的方式，连接构造复杂，施工起来较为烦琐，而且此刚性连接在温度力过大的情况下，轨道板仍存在上拱的可能，这将对轨道结构的寿命和列车运行的平稳性、舒适性造成不利的影响。
为克服上述缺陷，目前存在直接通过螺栓连接两基本板纵向端的技术方案，例如专利文献CN 201495454U公开了一种高速铁路板式无砟轨道纵向连接构造，其包括沿线路纵向铺设的轨道板，轨道板的纵向端部间隔设置有至少两组凹坑和弧形通孔,弧形通孔的两端分别与凹坑内和轨道板的纵向端面相通,设置于凹坑和弧形通孔内的弧形螺栓连接组件将相邻两块轨道板纵向连接。这种连接结构可以克服刚性连接在温度力过大的情况下轨道板上拱的问题，但是这种方案中需要在板体两端开设一定深度的凹坑，再通过在凹槽中开设贯通连接端端部的螺栓孔， 一方面在板体上额外开设凹坑需要增加工序，增加制造难度和成本，另外其中的凹坑为了满足螺栓孔的开设和螺栓的连接固定，其内壁尺寸及形状具有较高要求，使得制造难度加大；特别是，这种凹坑的设置导致雨水、污垢等沉积，而使得螺栓连接被腐蚀或难以拆装修复，从而增加后期维护保养难度。
目前，我国板式无砟轨道型式主要有CRTSⅠ型板式、CRTSⅡ型板式和CRTSⅢ型板式无砟轨道。CRTSⅠ型板式无砟轨道为单元板，板与板之间不纵连，不设横向挡块，铺设在现浇的具有凸型挡台的钢筋混凝土底座上，由凸型挡台限位。CRTSⅡ型板式无砟轨道板与板之间纵连，通过纵向精扎螺纹钢筋和张拉锁件形成纵连结构，设有横向挡块。CRTSⅢ型板式无砟轨道自密实混凝土充填层与底座间采用将方形凸台(或凹槽)分别设置在自密实混凝土层两侧的限位方式。例如专利文献CN105200868A中公开的一种预制板式无砟轨道结构，其中披露了一种限位结构，其中轨道板是中间透空框架形式(贯通孔)，底座上与预制轨道板中间贯通孔相对应设置限位凸台，给限位凸台为单个或多个，用于在横向和纵向上对轨道板进行限位。
上述板式无砟轨道型式的限位方式的可拆装性较差，一旦轨道板发生伤损病害，维修十分不便；另外，上述的限位结构在受力和变形要求上也存在不足。因此有必要设计一种装配式无砟轨道限位结构，以解决目前板式无砟轨道的限位结构对轨道板限位存在的维护保养不便的问题，同时改进目前限位结构的受力变形要求。
由于线路平纵断面及轨下基础结构的复杂性，现有的板式无砟轨道结构中，异型板数量众多，降低了工厂生产制造效率；而且，标准板和异型板的结构尺寸不同，不便于轨道板的堆放和运输以及现场装配工作，现场一旦轨道板发生伤损病害，其维修工作量较大。
另外，现有的单元板式无砟轨道结构中，铺设安装后的每块轨道板之间是独立的，其不足之处是，在线路运行一段时间后，轨道板与沥青砂浆填充层会发生剥离，轨道板的纵向端部易产生翘曲，这无疑会给列车运行的平稳性、舒适性和轨道结构的寿命造成不利的影响。尽管目前存在相应的改进连接方式的方案，但是总体来看依然难以满足板体之间的受力变形以及制备工艺复杂问题，而且无法克服目前无砟轨道异形板过多导致整个无砟轨道的装配、维修难等问题。
[发明内容]
针对现有技术的以上缺陷或改进需求，本发明提供了一种无砟轨道基本板连接结构及具有该连接结构的无砟轨道，其通过在无砟轨道基本板上设置优化改进的连接结构，不但可以克服基本板连接容易出现受力上拱变形的问题，而且其结构简单，施工方便，后期拆装及维护保养可靠简单。
为实现上述目的，按照本发明的一个方面，提供一种无砟轨道基本板连接结构，其包括设置在待连接的第一无砟轨道基本板上的第一连接体，以及设置在待连接的第二无砟轨道基本板上的第二连接体，其中
所述第一连接体设置于第一无砟轨道基本板的端部，其包括具有沿纵向凸出的凸出部，且该凸出部的纵向端面开有与第一连接体表面贯通的螺栓孔；
所述第二连接体设置于第二无砟轨道基本板的与第一无砟轨道基本板对应连接的端部，其上开设有沿纵向的并与所述凸出部匹配的凹陷部，且该凹陷部的纵向端面开设有与第二连接体表面贯通的螺栓孔；在两基本板端部拼接对齐时该凸出部与凹陷部正好匹配形成榫接且两螺栓孔连通从而螺栓可贯通两螺栓孔以连接固定两基本板。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述第一连接体上表面和第二连接体的上表面均高出对应的第一基本板和第二基本板的上表面，两表面之间通过斜坡面过渡，所述螺栓孔的一端开口设置于该斜坡面，使得该开口高于基本板上表面。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述斜坡面上的开口的中心轴线与斜坡面垂直。
作为本发明的进一步改进，第一连接体和第二连接体上的所述螺栓孔为弧形孔，且两螺栓孔的弧形对应以使得两者可匹配相通从而弧形螺栓可贯通两螺栓孔。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述第一连接体和第二连接体上开设的弧形螺栓孔可以为一个或两个以上。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述第一无砟轨道基本板端部上的第一连接体为一个或多个，对应地所述第二无砟轨道基本板端部上的第二连接体也为一个或多个。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述弧形螺栓孔内设置有预埋套管。
按照本发明的另一方面，提供一种具有上述连接结构的无砟轨道。
按照本发明的另一方面，提供一种用于无砟轨道的装配式限位结构，设置在轨道板与其底座之间以对两者进行限位，其特征在于，该限位结构包括：
限位本体，其开有贯通相对两端面的通孔，且该限位本体相对两端面的其中一端面上开有一定深度的凹槽；
设置在轨道板上的第一限位孔，其与所述限位本体外形轮廓匹配，以用于嵌套所述限位本体的一端；
开设在底座上的第二限位孔，其外形轮廓与所述限位本体轮廓匹配，以用于所述限位本体的另一端插入其中；以及
限位齿，其开设在所述第二限位孔底部，其与所述限位本体端面上的凹槽匹配以用于所述限位本体一端插入其中时所述限位齿可与所述凹槽匹配，该限位齿上开设有螺栓孔，并在所述限位本体插入所述第二限位孔时可与所述限位本体上的通孔贯通，从而螺栓可穿过上述通孔后插入所述螺栓孔进行连接以实现将限位本体可拆装地固定在所述底座上，并通过限位本体与第一限位孔的匹配实现对轨道板的限位。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述限位本体可为圆柱体、长方体、长圆体或椭圆体结构。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述轨道板上的第一限位孔开设在轨道板的两钢轨外侧侧边上，并位于轨道板连接端端部，即其形成为与限位本体轮廓匹配的1/4孔，两轨道板对接时其对应端部的第一限位孔可拼合形成与限位本体外周轮廓匹配的半孔结构，以在限位本体插入其中后可保持对两轨道板的限位。
作为本发明的进一步改进，待连接的轨道板每个端部上的所述第一限位孔的数量为两个。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述限位齿为条形块，其凸出设置在第二限位孔孔底。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述限位齿上开设的螺栓孔数量与贯通限位本体相对两端面的通孔数量一致。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述限位齿上开设的螺栓孔内设置有预埋套管。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述限位本体为预制混凝土块或钢块。
按照本发明的另一个方面，提供一种具有上述限位结构的装配式无砟轨道。
按照本发明的另一个方面，提供一种装配式无砟轨道，其特征在于，该无砟轨道由多个单元板连接组合而成，其中每个单元板由至少一个具有一定数量承轨台的预制基本板连接锚固组成，由此可形成长度更能适应现场需要的单元板，且
两两相互连接的所述预制基本板中，其中一个的端部具有沿纵向凸出的凸出部，且该凸出部的纵向端面上开有与基本板上表面贯通的螺栓孔，另一个对应连接的端部上开设有沿纵向的并与所述凸出部匹配的凹陷部，且该凹陷部的纵向端面上开设有与基本板上表面贯通的螺栓孔，两所述预制基本板之间的连接锚固通过其中对应的该凸出部与凹陷部匹配形成榫接结构并利用螺栓贯通两螺栓孔后两端紧固而实现。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述长度满足现场需要的单元板可由多组不同的基本板组合实现，其中每组基本板组合中基本板长度和/或数量与另一组基本板组合中的不同。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述预制基本板的承轨台数量为三个、四个、五个、六个或以上。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述凸出部的纵向端面上开有的螺栓孔其与基本板上表面贯通的开口所在表面高于基本板上表面。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述凹陷部的纵向端面上开有的螺栓孔其与基本板上表面贯通的开口所在表面高于基本板上表面。
作为发明的进一步改进，所述斜坡面上的开口的中心轴线与斜坡面垂直。
作为本发明的进一步改进，凸出部与凹陷部的所述螺栓孔均为弧形孔，且两螺栓孔的弧形对应以使得两者可匹配相通从而弧形螺栓可贯通两螺栓孔。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述凸出部或凹陷部对应的所述螺栓孔可以为一个或两个以上。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述基本板端部上的凸出部为一个或多个，与之匹配连接形成榫接的所述凹陷部也对应地为一个或多个。
总体而言，通过本发明所构思的以上技术方案与现有技术相比，具有以下有益效果：
(1)本发明的连接结构其通过在待连接的基本板对应端分别设置连接体，其中分别设置有凸出部和凹陷部，两者匹配时形成榫接，并通过弧线螺栓进行连 接，从而可以方便实施两基本板的锚固，而且锚固力传递合理，克服轨道板容易受力变形的问题；
(2)本发明的连接结构中，螺栓孔为弧形孔，而且其中位于轨道板上表面的开口高于其基础表面，从而不会积水或污垢堆积，避免了因手孔积水或污垢导致连接组件的锈蚀；
(3)本发明的无砟轨道基本板纵向连接结构，其施工方便，便于养护维修，而且为拼装组成多种不同尺寸单元板提供了可能性，有效满足无砟轨道对平稳性、舒适性的要求，便于施工和养护维修。
(4)本发明的限位结构中，通过将限位本体与底座的螺栓连接，形成可拆装的限位连接，从而可以方便限位结构的拆装实现对轨道板的可拆装式维修或更换处理；
(5)本发明的限位结构采用在轨道板上开设其孔壁轮廓与限位本体结构的外形轮廓相匹配的限位孔结构，使限位本体嵌套安装其中，并将限位本体固定在底座，从而可使得轨道板的横向和纵向位移得到可靠稳定控制；
(6)本发明的限位结构可以实现对轨道板的可拆装式限位，不但限位受力变形满足要求，而且十分便于后续轨道板的拆装维修。
(7)本发明的无砟轨道通过采用多个各种规格的基本板进行灵活配置和组合，可根据现场需要装配成不同尺寸的单元板，组合形式更加多样性；预制基本板小型化、轻型化，更便于生产制造、堆放运输和现场装配，降低了现有异型板的使用；小模块化的预制基本板在现场伤损的情况下更容易更换，有效的减少了工务维修工作量，提高生产效率；
(8)本发明的无砟轨道利用优化改进的基本板连接方式，即采用在预制基本板的连接端设置相匹配的凸出部和凹陷部，以此形成榫接结构并通过其中开设的弧形螺栓孔利用弧形螺栓进行紧固从而锚固基本板，可以实现先预制生产几种装配式无砟轨道基本板，再通过连接装置在现场将基本板装配成一定尺寸的单元板，从而可以灵活搭配和组合形成长度更能适应现场需要的单元板。
[附图说明]
图1为本发明实施例的无砟轨道基本板连接结构的示意图；
图2是图1中的无砟轨道基本板连接结构的A-A剖面图；
图3为本发明实施例的无砟轨道基本板连接结构的立体结构示意图；
图4为本发明实施例的限位结构的部分结构分解示意图；
图5是本发明实施例的限位结构的第一限位孔的结构示意图；
图6是本发明实施例的限位结构的第二限位孔的三维结构示意图；
图7是本发明实施例的限位结构在无砟轨道中的装配应用中的示意图。
图8为本发明一个实施例的无砟轨道中的包含3个承轨台的预制基本板结构示意图；
图9是本发明一个实施例的无砟轨道中的包含4个承轨台的预制基本板结构示意图；
图10是本发明一个实施例的无砟轨道中的包含5个承轨台的预制基本板结构示意图；
图11是本发明一个实施例的无砟轨道中的包含6个承轨台的预制基本板结构示意图；
图12是本发明一个实施例的无砟轨道中预制基本板的连接结构示意图。
在所有附图中，同样的附图标记表示相同的技术特征，具体为：10-基本板，11-连接体，12-弧形通孔，13-预埋套管，20-限位本体，21-通孔，22-限位凹槽，30-第一限位孔，40-第二限位孔，41-限位齿，42-螺栓孔，43-预埋套管，50-紧固螺栓，60-预制基本板，61-基本板上表面，62-螺栓孔，63-预埋套管。
[具体实施方式]
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合附图及实施例，对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。
此外，下面所描述的本发明各个实施方式中所涉及到的技术特征只要彼此之间未构成冲突就可以相互组合。
图1为本发明实施例的无砟轨道基本板连接结构的示意图；图2是图1中的无砟轨道基本板连接结构的A-A剖面图；图3为本发明实施例的无砟轨道基本板连接结构的立体结构示意图。
如图1所示，本发明一个较佳实施例的无砟轨道基本板连接结构，其包括设置在待连接的一个无砟轨道基本板10上的连接体11，以及设置在待连接的另一 个无砟轨道基本板10上的连接体11。
连接体设置于无砟轨道基本板的端部，优选是设置在两钢轨之间的基本板上，也可以设置在钢轨外侧的基本板端部，连接体数量可以是一个或两个或者其他数量。连接体优选表面凸出于基本板上表面，连接体上表面与基本板表面通过斜坡面过渡，可以是平面或曲面。
如图1-3所示，连接体11上表面高出基本板10表面，即连接体11从基本板10上凸出设置，连接体11的上表面与基本板上表面通过斜坡过渡，斜坡面可以为平面或曲面，便于加工及后续施工操作即可。
如图2所示，其中基本板10上的连接体11的纵向端部在其纵向端部设置有沿纵向凸起的凸出部，凸出于基本板端部。在一个较佳实施例中，凸出部设置在连接体11的下部。相对应地，另一个基本板10的连接体11的纵向端部设置有与凸出部匹配的凹陷部，凹陷部纵向端部与基本板端部平齐，凹陷部优选设置在连接体11下部。凸出部的纵向端面优选是平面，相应地凹陷部的纵向端面也为平面，两者可匹配拼接，但本发明中对凸出部和凹陷部的纵向端面形状并不作限定，其可以是可相互匹配的任意形状。
如图3所示，优选地，凹陷部所在连接部其纵向端面与基本板纵向端面平齐，而凸出部的纵向端面凸出于对应的基本板纵向端面，其用于伸入凹陷部中而使得两基本板端面及两连接部端面平面实现可靠拼接。
连接体11的凸出部上开设有弧形孔，其中弧形孔一端开孔设置在凸出部纵向端部，另一端开孔设置在连接体11的上表面与基本板上表面之间的斜坡面上。以此方式，一方面便于制备以及后续施工操作，另一方面更为重要的目的是，可以避免积水或积灰，而导致连接组件的锈蚀问题。两弧形孔在对应连接时相通，从而螺栓可贯通两螺栓孔以连接固定两基本板。
两连接体上对应的凸出部与凹陷部上的螺栓通孔弧度匹配，可在连通时形成一个整体的弧形孔，便于弧形螺栓穿过以将两者连接锚固。
在一个实施例中，为方便基本板10的预制施工和弧形螺栓的穿入，弧形通孔12内预埋套管13。
在一个优选实施例中，连接体上开设的弧形螺栓孔可以为一个，或者为两个或以上。
基于无砟轨道基本板之间的连接对无砟轨道的力学性能、稳定可靠性以及施工、维护方面的便利性都具有极大的影响，本发明采用这种全新设计的连接结构，其通过在待连接的基本板对应端分别设置连接体，其中分别设置有凸出部和凹陷部，两者匹配时形成榫接，并通过弧线螺栓进行连接，从而一方面可以方便实施两基本板的锚固，仅仅通过匹配卡接即可可靠配合，再通过螺栓锚固锁紧，锚固力通过上述连接部的传递，以凸出部和凹陷部对受力进行传递，并进而通过连接部传递受力，使得整个轨道单元板受力传递合理，稳定性好，克服轨道板容易受力变形的问题；另一方面，其中位于轨道板上表面的开口高于其基础表面，其加工制备方便简单，而且施工也非常便利，更为重要的是不会在螺栓孔处出现积水或污垢堆积，可以避免因手孔积水或污垢导致连接组件的锈蚀。
图4为本发明实施例的限位结构的部分结构分解示意图；图5是本发明实施例的限位结构的第一限位孔的结构示意图；图6是本发明实施例的限位结构的第二限位孔的三维结构示意图；图7是本发明实施例的限位结构在无砟轨道中的装配应用中的分解示意图。
如图4所示，本发明一个实施例的用于装配式无砟轨道的可拆装式限位结构，其装配设置在轨道板与其底座之间，以对两者进行限位，即在轨道板精调后安装预制限位结构，其插入轨道板和底座之中，从而限制轨道板在底座的横向和/或纵向上的位移。
具体地，如图4-7所示，该限位结构包括限位本体20，第一限位孔30，第二限位孔40以及限位齿41。如图4所示，限位本体20形状可以为圆柱体、长方体、长圆体或椭圆体结构，也即其整体呈具有一定厚度的长条形结构，其横截面可以为长方形、长圆形、椭圆形或者其他任意的可方便加工或装配的结构形体。限位本体20可以是由预制混凝土制成或钢等金属材料制成。
如图4所示，限位本体20上开有贯通相对两端面的通孔(如图4所示是限位本体20的上下端面)，以用于紧固螺栓50贯通穿过，另外，限位本体20的相对两端面的其中一端面上开有一定深度的凹槽(如图4中是在位于限位本体20下端面开设)。
如图5所示，第一限位孔30为与限位本体20外轮廓匹配的孔，用于限位本体嵌套安装其中，使得两者匹配结合从而限定轨道板的移动。
第一限位孔30其开设在轨道板的待连接端端面，并位于两钢轨外侧的侧边。如图5所示，第一限位孔30为与限位本体轮廓的一部分匹配的1/4孔，即其截面为整个外周轮廓的1/4，两个限位孔拼接时可形成半孔结构。具体来说，第一限位孔30的横截面为非完整的部分形状，优选是整个完整横截面形状1/4，两个这样的限位孔对称可拼合成1/2孔，而两个这样的1/2孔对称可拼合成完整截面孔。具体截面形状例如可以是圆形的1/4、长方形的1/4、长圆形的1/4、或半椭圆形的1/4结构，以此方式在两拼接的轨道板端部对齐时，端部两侧各自对应的第一限位孔30可以拼合形成半孔截面，即形成截面为1/2完整截面的孔结构，两个上述1/2孔结构可构成整个完整孔。
当然，本方案中第一限位孔10也可以是其他尺寸规格，例如其轮廓可以是整个限位本体轮廓的1/3，2/3等等，或其他可以使得限位本体20安装其中并限位的尺寸结构。每个端面上的第一限位孔30数量可以为一个或两个以上，优选是两个，其限位效果最佳，当然具体数量可以根据工程实际要求选择确定。
如图5所示，第一限位孔30优选设置在单元板的纵向端面位置，即靠近纵向端面的侧边上，例如端面所处侧板上开设其轮廓为整个完整孔轮廓1/4的孔，这样在与另一单元板连接时其端面同样位置的孔可以组合形成1/2轮廓孔，当然也可以在端面开设的孔轮廓为其他尺寸，两单元板拼接时其组成更大或更小的轮廓尺寸，但无论轮廓尺寸大小如何，其必须保证能够对限位本体具有限位作用，更优选是与限位本体20的外周至少部分轮廓是匹配的。
该实施例中，拼接形成轨道的单元板由多个预制基本板连接组合而成，例如一个实施例中相互连接的两基本板中，其中一个端面设置有凸出部，另一个端面设置有凹陷部，两部分拼接时形成榫接。更优选地，还可以设置凸出部及凹陷部在两端面的表面高度高于基本板表面高度，并进一步在该凸出部及凹陷部表面或者该表面与基本板表面之间的过渡部分设置开孔，其贯通凸出部及凹陷部的纵向端面，优选是螺栓孔，进而可以通过螺栓将两基本板连接固定，而且由于其表面的开孔高度高于基本板表面，也不会存在积水或污垢，更便于后续的拆装、保养维护等。各基本板通过上述方式连接形成单元板，该单元板端部又设置上述的限位孔结构，即两个单元板之间只需要在其相对端面分别开始对应的第一限位孔30(例如每个端面开设两个)，在对应位置的底座上设置相应数量的第二限位孔 40(例如两个)，即可以便利实现轨道的拼接而且能够保证其在横向和纵向的稳定可靠限位。
在另一个实施例中，第一限位孔30也可以为与限位本体轮廓的完全匹配的完整孔，及其截面为完整的圆柱体、长方体、长圆体或椭圆体结构等，或者其他与限位本体20外轮廓匹配的形状。该第一限位孔30开设在轨道板的两钢轨之间，其数量可以为一个或两个以上，具体数量可以根据工程实际要求选择确定。
如图6所示，第二限位孔40开设在用于支承轨道板的底座上，其外形轮廓与限位本体20的轮廓匹配，以用于限位本体20的另一端插入其中。具体地，限位本体20也为截面为长方形、长圆形、或椭圆形，或者其他与限位本体20外轮廓匹配的形状，其优选是具有一定深度，其深度根据限位本体的厚度及轨道板和底座厚度而确定。
第二限位孔40底部设置有限位齿41，其与限位本体20端面上的凹槽匹配，以用于限位本体20一端插入其中时，该限位齿41可与该凹槽匹配。限位齿41上开设有螺栓孔42，并与限位本体20上的通孔匹配，在限位本体20插入第二限位孔40时可与限位本体20上的通孔贯通，用于螺栓40穿过而进行连接，即螺栓40可穿过上述通孔后插入螺栓孔42进行连接以将限位本体20固定在所述底座上。本方案中，螺栓连接时可以拆装的，从而可以实现将限位本体20可拆装地固定在底座上，方便维修更换。
限位本体20一端插入第二限位孔40中，其端面上的凹槽12与第二限位孔40的底部上设置的限位齿41匹配卡接，在利用螺栓40固定连接，可实现对限位本体20的可靠固定。限位本体20的另一端设置在轨道板上的第一限位孔30中，这样即可以通过限位本体20与第一限位孔30的匹配实现对轨道板的限位，包括横向的限位，也可以是纵向限位，或者是横向和纵向的同时限位。
在一个较佳实施例中，可以在限位本体20的通孔内预埋套管43，方便螺栓40的安装连接。优选地，底座上的第二限位孔40中的螺栓孔42内也可以预埋套管43。
应用本限位结构进行限位操作时，轨道板精调后安装预制限位块，限位块可以位于板端或者板中；采用螺栓与底座内的预埋套筒紧固限位块。如轨道板损坏，需要更换时，拧下锚固螺栓，拆下限位块即可。
图8为本发明一个实施例的无砟轨道中的包含3个承轨台的预制基本板结构示意图；图9是本发明一个实施例的无砟轨道中的包含4个承轨台的预制基本板结构示意图；图10是本发明一个实施例的无砟轨道中的包含5个承轨台的预制基本板结构示意图；图11是本发明一个实施例的无砟轨道中的包含6个承轨台的预制基本板结构示意图；图12是本发明一个实施例的无砟轨道中预制基本板的连接结构示意图。
如图8-12所示，本发明一个优选实施例的装配式无砟轨道，其由多个单元板连接组合而成，其中每个单元板由至少一个具有一定数量承轨台的预制基本板60组成，由此可形成长度更能满足现场需要的单元板，从而可以灵活搭配铺设。
本方案可以通过组合形成长度满足现场需要的单元板，从而满足现场对轨道板的各种长度需求，而且这种满足现场需要的单元板可由多组不同的基本板组合实现，其中每组单元板组合中单元板长度和/或数量与另一组单元板组合中不同，即在形成满足现场需要的单元板时，可以通过一组具有一定数量和长度的基本板组进行拼接组合，也可以通过另一组具有一定数量和长度的基本板组进行拼接而成，由此可以灵活满足现场需求，各组基本板组合中，彼此的基本板数量可以不同，长度也可以不同，或者数量和长度都不同。以此方式，既可以克服常规方法中为满足现场需求而必须制定各种长度规格的轨道板，各种异形板等，极大提高制备效率，减小现场存放及施工操作程序。
如图8至11所示，在一个较佳实施例中，预制生产装配式无砟轨道基本板例如可以是包含3个承轨台基本板(3号板)、包含4个承轨台基本板(4号板)、包含5个承轨台基本板(5号板)、包含6个承轨台基本板(6号板)这四种类型，当然本发明中对基本板的类型和尺寸不作限定，可以根据实际情况进行具体选择。
在一个较佳实施例中，具有三个承轨台的基本板其长度为1.95m；具有四个承轨台的基本板其长度为2.6m；具有五个承轨台的基本板其长度为3.25m；具有六个承轨台的基本板其长度为3.9m。当然本发明中对基本板的长度不作限定，可以根据实际情况进行具体选择。
如图8-11所示，两两相互连接的预制基本板60中，其中一个的端部具有沿纵向凸出的凸出部，且该凸出部的纵向端面上开有与基本板上表面61贯通的螺 栓孔，另一个对应连接的端部上开设有沿纵向的并与凸出部匹配的凹陷部，且该凹陷部的纵向端面上开设有与基本板上表面61贯通的螺栓孔62，两预制基本板60之间的连接锚固通过其中对应的该凸出部与凹陷部匹配形成榫接结构并利用螺栓贯通两螺栓孔62后两端紧固而实现。
一个优选实施例中，预制基本板60在现场通过上述连接方式可组合装配为所需长度的单元板，例如本实施例中的3个、4个、5个、6个承轨台的基本板60进行组合可得到含6至12个承轨台的组合单元板，组合单元板的长度梯度逐渐递增。
如图12所示，基本板60上的凸出部的纵向端面上开有的螺栓孔62的与基本板上表面61贯通的开口所在面高于基本板上表面，由此可使得开口处螺栓组件不会积水，避免因积水或污垢而腐蚀或维修不便，另一方面便于制备及后续施工操作。
本方案中，如图12所示，凸出部与凹陷部的螺栓孔62均为弧形孔，且两螺栓孔的弧形对应以使得两者可匹配相通从而弧形螺栓可贯通两螺栓孔。在一个优选实施例中，弧形孔内还可以预埋套管，便于螺栓套装。
在一个较佳实施例中，基本板端部上的凸出部为一个，与之匹配连接形成榫接的凹陷部也对应地为一个。另一个较佳实施例中基本板端部上的凸出部为多个，与之匹配连接形成榫接的凹陷部也对应地为一个或多个。
本发明方案采用这种全新设计的连接结构，通过在待连接的基本板对应端分别设置凸出部和凹陷部，两者匹配时形成榫接，并通过弧线螺栓进行连接，从而一方面可以方便实施两基本板的锚固，仅仅通过匹配卡接即可可靠配合，再通过螺栓锚固锁紧，锚固力通过上述连接部的传递，以凸出部和凹陷部对受力进行传递，进而使得整个轨道单元板受力传递合理，稳定性好，克服轨道板容易受力变形的问题。
对于不同长度(或不同承轨台数量)的单元板，可以有各种不同的预制基本板组合方式，以形成需要长度的单元板或者对于满足现场需求的单元板形成不同模式的组合方式。本发明一个优选实施例中，对应的各种装配形式如下表所示，表中“√”表示优选方案，“○”表示备选方案。
装配式无砟轨道组合方法
Figure PCTCN2018091272-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2018091272-appb-000002
本领域的技术人员容易理解，以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (26)

  1. 一种无砟轨道基本板连接结构，其包括设置在待连接的第一无砟轨道基本板上的第一连接体，以及设置在待连接的第二无砟轨道基本板上的第二连接体，其中
    所述第一连接体设置于第一无砟轨道基本板的端部，其包括具有沿纵向凸出的凸出部，且该凸出部的纵向端面开有与第一连接体表面贯通的螺栓孔；
    所述第二连接体设置于第二无砟轨道基本板的与第一无砟轨道基本板对应连接的端部，其上开设有沿纵向的并与所述凸出部匹配的凹陷部，且该凹陷部的纵向端面开设有与第二连接体表面贯通的螺栓孔；在两基本板端部拼接对齐时该凸出部与凹陷部正好匹配形成榫接且两螺栓孔连通从而螺栓可贯通两螺栓孔以连接固定两基本板。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的无砟轨道基本板连接结构，其中，所述第一连接体上表面和第二连接体的上表面均高出对应的第一基本板和第二基本板的上表面，两表面之间通过斜坡面过渡，所述螺栓孔的一端开口设置于该斜坡面，使得该开口高于基本板上表面。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的无砟轨道基本板连接结构，其中，所述斜坡面上的开口的中心轴线与斜坡面垂直。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的无砟轨道基本板连接结构，其中，所述第一连接体和第二连接体上的所述螺栓孔为弧形孔，且两螺栓孔的弧形对应以使得两者可匹配相通从而弧形螺栓可贯通两螺栓孔。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的无砟轨道基本板连接结构，其中，所述第一连接体和第二连接体上开设的弧形螺栓孔为一个或两个以上。
  6. 根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的无砟轨道基本板连接结构，其中，所述第一无砟轨道基本板端部上的第一连接体为一个或多个，对应地所述第二无砟轨道基本板端部上的第二连接体也为一个或多个。
  7. 根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的无砟轨道基本板连接结构，其中，所述弧形螺栓孔内设置有预埋套管。
  8. 一种具有权利要求1至7中任一项所述的无砟轨道基本板连接结构的无砟轨道。
  9. 一种用于无砟轨道的装配式限位结构，设置在轨道板与其底座之间以对两者进行限位，其特征在于，该限位结构包括：
    限位本体，其开有贯通相对两端面的通孔，且该限位本体相对两端面的其中一端面上开有一定深度的凹槽；
    设置在轨道板上的第一限位孔，其与所述限位本体外形轮廓匹配，以用于嵌套所述限位本体的一端；
    开设在底座上的第二限位孔，其外形轮廓与所述限位本体轮廓匹配，以用于所述限位本体的另一端插入其中；以及
    限位齿，其开设在所述第二限位孔底部，其与所述限位本体端面上的凹槽匹配以用于所述限位本体一端插入其中时所述限位齿可与所述凹槽匹配，该限位齿上开设有螺栓孔，并在所述限位本体插入所述第二限位孔时可与所述限位本体上的通孔贯通，从而螺栓可穿过上述通孔后插入所述螺栓孔进行连接以实现将限位本体可拆装地固定在所述底座上，并通过限位本体与第一限位孔的匹配实现对轨道板的限位。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的用于无砟轨道的装配式限位结构，其中，所述限位本体可为圆柱体、长方体、长圆体或椭圆体结构。
  11. 根据权利要求9或10所述的用于无砟轨道的装配式限位结构，其中，所述轨道板上的第一限位孔开设在轨道板的两钢轨外侧侧边上，并位于轨道板连接端端部，即其形成为与限位本体轮廓匹配的1/4孔，两轨道板对接时其对应端部的第一限位孔可拼合形成与限位本体外周轮廓匹配的半孔结构，以在限位本体插入其中后可保持对两轨道板的限位。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的用于无砟轨道的装配式限位结构，其中，待连接的轨道板每个端部上的所述第一限位孔的数量为两个。
  13. 根据权利要求9至12中任一项所述的用于无砟轨道的装配式限位结构，其中，所述限位齿为条形块，其凸出设置在第二限位孔孔底。
  14. 根据权利要求9至13中任一项所述的用于无砟轨道的装配式限位结构，其中，所述限位齿上开设的螺栓孔数量与贯通限位本体相对两端面的通孔数量一致。
  15. 根据权利要求9至14中任一项所述的用于无砟轨道的装配式限位结构， 其中，所述限位齿上开设的螺栓孔内设置有预埋套管。
  16. 根据权利要求9至15中任一项所述的用于无砟轨道的装配式限位结构，其中，所述限位本体为预制混凝土块或钢块。
  17. 一种具有权利要求9至16中任一项所述的装配式限位结构的无砟轨道。
  18. 一种装配式无砟轨道，其特征在于，该无砟轨道由多个单元板连接组合而成，其中每个单元板由至少一个具有一定数量承轨台的预制基本板连接锚固组成，由此可形成长度满足现场需要的单元板，且
    两两相互连接的所述预制基本板中，其中一个的端部具有沿纵向凸出的凸出部，且该凸出部的纵向端面上开有与基本板上表面贯通的螺栓孔，另一个对应连接的端部上开设有沿纵向的并与所述凸出部匹配的凹陷部，且该凹陷部的纵向端面上开设有与基本板上表面贯通的螺栓孔，通过两预制基本板对应的凸出部与凹陷部匹配形成榫接结构、并利用螺栓贯通所述凸出部与凹陷部的螺栓孔实现两预制基本板的连接锚固。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的装配式无砟轨道，其中，所述长度满足现场需要的单元板可由多组不同的基本板组合实现，其中每组基本板组合中基本板长度和/或数量与另一组基本板组合中的不同。
  20. 根据权利要求18或19所述的装配式无砟轨道，其中，所述预制基本板的承轨台数量为三个、四个、五个、六个或以上。
  21. 根据权利要求18至20中任一项所述的装配式无砟轨道，其中，所述凸出部的纵向端面上开有的螺栓孔其与基本板上表面贯通的开口所在表面高于基本板上表面。
  22. 根据权利要求18至21中任一项所述的装配式无砟轨道，其中，所述凹陷部的纵向端面上开有的螺栓孔其与基本板上表面贯通的开口所在表面高于基本板上表面。
  23. 根据权利要求21或22所述的装配式无砟轨道，其中，所述与基本板上表面贯通的开口的中心轴线与该开口所在表面垂直。
  24. 根据权利要求18至23中任一项所述的装配式无砟轨道，其中，凸出部与凹陷部的所述螺栓孔均为弧形孔，且两螺栓孔的弧形对应以使得两者可匹配相通从而弧形螺栓可贯通两螺栓孔。
  25. 根据权利要求18至23中任一项所述的装配式无砟轨道，其中，所述凸出部或凹陷部对应的所述螺栓孔可以为一个或两个以上。
  26. 根据权利要求18至24中任一项所述的装配式无砟轨道，其中，所述基本板端部上的凸出部为一个或多个，与之匹配连接形成榫接的所述凹陷部也对应地为一个或多个。
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CN107217549A (zh) * 2017-07-10 2017-09-29 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 无砟轨道基本板连接结构及具有该连接结构的无砟轨道
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