WO2019006594A1 - 一种交替溶液制取方法及制取装置 - Google Patents

一种交替溶液制取方法及制取装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019006594A1
WO2019006594A1 PCT/CN2017/091490 CN2017091490W WO2019006594A1 WO 2019006594 A1 WO2019006594 A1 WO 2019006594A1 CN 2017091490 W CN2017091490 W CN 2017091490W WO 2019006594 A1 WO2019006594 A1 WO 2019006594A1
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Prior art keywords
material chamber
steam
solution
gas supply
supply line
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PCT/CN2017/091490
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
姚正礼
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深圳市兆福源科技有限公司
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Application filed by 深圳市兆福源科技有限公司 filed Critical 深圳市兆福源科技有限公司
Priority to CN201780000798.1A priority Critical patent/CN109475786B/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2017/091490 priority patent/WO2019006594A1/zh
Publication of WO2019006594A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019006594A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D11/00—Solvent extraction

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of solution preparation, in particular to an alternating solution preparation method and a preparation device.
  • the existing solution preparation device which adopts the principle of the circulation treatment process of distillation absorption, negative pressure and immersion realizes the preparation of the solution, and can ensure that the prepared solution maximizes the nutrient composition of the liquid preparation material, and the absorption material can be absorbed by the distillation.
  • the volatile component is sufficiently retained in the solution, and the water-soluble component in the food material can be left in the solution by soaking.
  • the material chamber is easily clogged and the normal operation cannot be performed. Solution preparation.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an alternate solution preparation method and a preparation device for solving the technical problem that the material chamber is easily clogged during the solution preparation process in the prior art mentioned above.
  • the present invention provides a solution preparation method comprising the following steps:
  • step 1) during the distillation, steam is continuously introduced into the material chamber from top to bottom, and the steam passes through the material which first fills the space of the material chamber and then passes through the bottom of the material chamber. , thereby producing a forward vapor pressure of the material from top to bottom, and subjecting the material to distillation from top to bottom;
  • step 1) during the distillation process, the steam is always passed from bottom to top into the material chamber, and the steam first passes through the material at the bottom of the material chamber, and then fills the head space, thereby reducing the forward direction. Vapor pressure and clogging, and condensation produces accelerated expansion of the material, and the material is distilled from bottom to top.
  • the method comprises the steps of: steam is introduced into the material chamber from top to bottom, and steam is generated by first filling the material chamber head space and then passing through the material at the bottom of the material chamber. The forward vapor pressure of the material is applied from top to bottom, and the material is subjected to distillation from top to bottom;
  • the supply of steam from the top to the bottom is stopped, and the flow is changed from the bottom to the top.
  • the steam first passes through the material at the bottom of the material chamber, and the material is Distilling, then filling the head space of the material chamber, thereby reducing the forward vapor pressure and clogging, and generating condensation to accelerate the expansion of the material, and the material is distilled from bottom to top;
  • the method comprises the steps of: steam is introduced into the material chamber from top to bottom, steam is filled by first filling the top space of the material chamber, and the solution is refluxed in the bottom of the material chamber by pressure. Pressing, discharging the solution into the solution container;
  • the present invention also provides a solution preparation device comprising a steam generator, a material chamber, a first gas supply line, a first exhaust line, a control system and a solution container, the material chamber opening up and down, the steam a generator is connected to the top opening of the material chamber through the first gas supply line, and the bottom of the material chamber is open
  • the port is connected to the bottom opening of the solution container through the first exhaust line, and further includes:
  • a second gas supply line having one end connected to the bottom opening of the material chamber and the other end connected to the steam moder, one end connected to the top opening of the material chamber and the other end connected to the bottom opening of the solution container a second exhaust pipe, the opening of the material chamber only has one opening;
  • Controlling the steam generator to generate steam by the control system, and controlling the first gas supply line and the first exhaust gas pipe to open for a predetermined time, steam may sequentially pass through the first gas supply line, the material a chamber, the first exhaust line, and the solution container are configured to supply air to the material chamber from top to bottom;
  • the steam generator includes a first steam generator for supplying gas to the first gas supply line, and a second steam generator for supplying gas to the second gas supply line, the first gas supply pipe
  • the road includes a first one-way valve that restricts steam from entering the first steam generator by the material chamber
  • the second gas supply line includes a second that restricts steam from entering the second steam generator by the material chamber Check valve.
  • the steam generator is connected to the first gas supply line and the second gas supply line through a T-type valve, respectively.
  • the first air supply line includes a first control valve that controls closing and opening of the first air supply line
  • the second air supply line includes a second control unit that controls closing and opening of the second air supply line a control valve, the first control valve and the second control valve being coupled to the control system.
  • the first exhaust line includes a third control valve that controls closing and opening of the first exhaust line
  • the second exhaust line includes controlling the first exhaust line to close and An open fourth control valve
  • the control system controls the third control valve to alternately open with the fourth control valve
  • the first exhaust line includes a third control valve that controls closing and opening of the first exhaust line
  • the second exhaust line includes controlling the first exhaust line to close and An open fourth control valve, the first control valve and the third control valve being simultaneously open and closed for the same time under the control of the control system, the second control valve and the fourth control valve being The same time is turned on and off simultaneously under the control of the control system.
  • only one opening is formed in the top of the material chamber, and the second exhaust line and the first air supply line are connected to the top opening of the material chamber through a T-shaped valve.
  • the first exhaust line and the second air supply line are connected to the bottom opening of the material chamber through a T-valve.
  • only one opening is opened in the bottom of the solution container, and the first exhaust line and the second exhaust line are connected to the bottom opening of the solution container through a T-shaped valve.
  • the present invention can avoid the clogging problem caused by the unidirectional drainage in the prior art, and the liquid discharging process is alternately performed from the top to the bottom or from the bottom to the top.
  • Gas when the gas is supplied from the top to the bottom, the solution in the material chamber can be discharged into the solution container, and when the gas is supplied from the bottom to the top, the material can be blocked by the portion of the liquid discharge port, thereby circulating and reciprocating, intermittently.
  • the liquid discharge can prevent the clogging of the liquid discharge, and can ensure that the solution is prepared according to the working principle of distillation, negative pressure reflux, and immersion. Therefore, no matter how much food is added, the gas will not be blocked, because it will rush.
  • FIG. 1 is a view showing a state in which a first gas supply line is connected during distillation according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is a view showing a state in which the second air supply line is connected at the time of distillation in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 is a view showing a state after reflow according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Embodiment 1 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 1:
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the overall working principle of the solution preparation device of the present embodiment.
  • the figure includes a steam generator for generating steam.
  • the steam outlet of the steam generator is connected to the alternate gas supply line, and the material chamber is set.
  • the alternating gas supply line is connected to the solution container, the steam generator Steam is generated by heating the water inside thereof, and the steam is sent to the material chamber through the alternate gas supply line, and the liquid material of the solution to be prepared is stored in the material chamber, and the material chamber is provided with openings on the upper and lower sides, one opening for the intake air, and the other
  • An outlet for the outlet and outlet is connected to the lower portion of the solution container through the alternate gas supply line;
  • the alternate gas supply line includes a first gas supply line, a second gas supply line, a first exhaust line and a second exhaust line,
  • the steam generator is connected to the top opening of the material chamber through the first gas supply line, the bottom opening of the material chamber is connected to the bottom opening of the solution container through the first exhaust line,
  • the heating rod 01 is installed in the steam generator 03, and the water 02 is poured into the inside of the steam generator 03.
  • the first pipe 05 is inserted above the steam generator 03, and then inserted into the left port of the pressure valve 06.
  • the right port of the pressure valve 06 is inserted into the second pipe 07, and then the first three-way nozzle 08 is connected.
  • the first three-way connecting pipe 08 is connected to the third pipe 09 on the right side, the first three-way connecting pipe 08 is connected to the fourth pipe 16 below, and the third port of the first electromagnetic valve 10 is connected to the third pipe 09.
  • the B port of the first solenoid valve 10 is connected to the fifth pipe 11, and the interface on the right side of the fifth pipe 11 is connected to the left port of the second three-way pipe.
  • the right port of the second three-way connector is connected to the sixth pipe 13
  • the lower port of the second three-way pipe is connected to the seventh pipe 12
  • the seventh pipe 12 is connected to the upper interface of the material chamber 28, and the upper filter 29 is mounted on The top of the material chamber 28.
  • the lower filter 25 is mounted at the bottom of the material chamber 28, the upper interface of the eighth conduit 19 is inserted into the interface of the lower portion of the material chamber 28, and the third tee is inserted below.
  • the third three-way connection 08 the left port is connected to the ninth pipe 18, the fourth pipe 16 and the ninth pipe 18 are inserted into the second electromagnetic valve 17, and the tenth pipe 20 is connected to the right port of the third three-way pipe, and the other One end is connected to the A interface of the third electromagnetic valve 21, the B interface is connected to the eleventh pipe 22, the other interface of the eleventh pipe 22 is connected to the fourth three-way connection, and the interface of the fourth three-way connection is connected to the first Twelve pipes 15.
  • the other end of the twelfth pipe 15 is connected to the fourth solenoid valve 14, the A port of the fourth solenoid valve 14 is connected to the sixth pipe 13, and the right port of the fourth three-way pipe is connected to the thirteenth pipe 23, the thirteenth The other end of the pipe 23 is connected to the solution container The bottom of the 24th.
  • the steam generator is connected to the first gas supply line and the second gas supply line through a T-type valve, where the T-type valve is the first three-way connection tube 08.
  • the first air supply line includes a first control valve for controlling the closing and opening of the first air supply line
  • the second air supply line includes a second control valve for controlling the closing and opening of the second air supply line, the first control valve and the second control The valve is connected to the control system.
  • the first exhaust line includes a third control valve that controls the first exhaust line to be closed and opened
  • the second exhaust line includes a fourth control valve that controls the first exhaust line to be closed and opened, the first control valve
  • the third control valve can be simultaneously turned on and off at the same time under the control of the control system
  • the second control valve and the fourth control valve can be simultaneously turned on and off at the same time under the control of the control system.
  • the steam generator includes a first steam generator that supplies air to the first gas supply line, and a second steam generator that supplies gas to the second gas supply line
  • the first gas supply line A first one-way valve that restricts steam from entering the first steam generator from the material chamber
  • the second air supply line includes a second one-way valve that restricts steam from entering the second steam generator from the material chamber
  • the first exhaust line including a third control valve that controls the first exhaust line to be closed and opened
  • the second exhaust line includes a fourth control valve that controls the first exhaust line to be closed and opened
  • the control system controls the third control valve and the fourth control The valves alternately open.
  • the T-type valve it is not necessary to set the T-type valve, and it is not necessary to provide a solenoid valve on the first gas supply line and the second gas supply line, and a one-way valve can be provided.
  • only the control is set in the first exhaust gas.
  • the solenoid valve on the pipeline and the second exhaust line can be opened and closed.
  • only one opening is formed in the top of the material chamber, and the second exhaust line and the first air supply line are connected to the top opening of the material chamber through the T-shaped valve, the opening is connected to the seventh pipe 12, and the T-shaped valve is the second
  • the three-way takeover of course, in some alternative embodiments of the embodiment, two top openings may be provided.
  • the first exhaust line and the second supply line are connected to the bottom opening of the material chamber through a T-valve, where the T-type valve is a third three-way connection. Only one opening is opened in the bottom of the solution container, and the first exhaust line and the second exhaust line are connected to the bottom opening of the solution container through a T-type valve, where the T-type valve is a fourth three-way connection.
  • This embodiment is connected by a T-type valve, which simplifies the structural complexity of the alternate gas supply line, avoids setting up multiple steam generators, or opens a plurality of steam outlets on the steam generator, and opens at the top of the material chamber.
  • the plurality of openings, and the plurality of solution containers are arranged or a plurality of openings are formed in the solution container, whereby the solution preparation device with simple structure has good symmetry, and correspondingly, in the process of control, it is more convenient to realize the alternation.
  • the first air supply line includes a third pipe 09, a first electromagnetic valve 10, and a fifth pipe 11 that are sequentially connected
  • the first exhaust pipe includes a tenth pipe 20 and a third electromagnetic valve 21 that are sequentially connected.
  • the eleventh pipe 22; the second air supply pipe includes a fourth pipe 16, a second electromagnetic valve 17, and a ninth pipe 18, and the second exhaust pipe includes a sixth pipe 13, a fourth electromagnetic valve 14, and a
  • all of the three-way nozzles may be replaced by an electric switch valve, and the first air supply line, the second air supply line, the first exhaust line, and the first The opening and closing of the two exhaust pipes can save the first electromagnetic valve 10, the second electromagnetic valve 17, the third electromagnetic valve 21, and the fourth electromagnetic valve 14, saving cost and simplifying the pipeline structure.
  • alternating steam is supplied into the material chamber, that is, steam is alternately introduced into the material chamber from top to bottom or from bottom to top, and the soaked solution in the material chamber is intermittently discharged into the solution container. Specifically, the steam is introduced into the material chamber from top to bottom, and the steam is filled by first filling the head space of the material chamber, and the solution is pressed by the pressure in the bottom of the material chamber to discharge the solution.
  • the steam generated in the steam generator 1 is sent to the alternate gas supply pipeline through the pipeline, and at this time, the second gas supply pipeline is closed, the first gas supply pipeline is opened, and the steam is routed through the first gas supply pipe.
  • the closed material chamber 3 filling the material chamber 3, distilling the liquid material 7 in the material chamber 3, and discharging the air in the material chamber 3, when the liquid material 7 is distilled, it contains The volatile components will volatilize, mix with the steam 8 to form a mixed steam, and the new steam 8 will continuously enter, and the mixed steam will be discharged from the outlet of the bottom of the material chamber 3, into the liquid container 6, and the liquid container 6 will be filled.
  • the mixed vapor will dissolve directly into the solution, and the solution in the liquid container 6 will contain the volatile components of the material being extracted.
  • the water 02 is made to pass the steam 04 through the first pipe 05 and then through the pressure valve 06, and then through the second pipe 07, through the turning point first three-way pipe connection 08.
  • the third pipe 09 passing through the first electromagnetic valve 10, passing through the fifth pipe 11, passing through the second three-way connecting pipe at the turning point, passing through the seventh pipe 12 into the material chamber, and steaming the food material after passing through the filter net 29 .
  • the subsequent vapor takes the volatile material of the food material out of the vapor, passes through the lower filter net 25, is taken out from the eighth pipe 19, passes through the third pass of the turning point, passes through the tenth pipe 20, and then passes through the third.
  • the solenoid valve 21 the eleventh pipe 22 is passed, and after the fourth pass of the turning point, the thirteenth pipe 23 is passed, and finally the solution container 24 is dissolved in the water 02;
  • the steam generator 1 After a period of distillation, the steam generator 1 will stop heating and block the continued supply of steam. At this time, the first gas supply line and the second gas supply line are both closed, but the second control valve on the first gas supply line should be opened so that Liquid reflux; due to the absence of air in the material chamber 3, all of which is steam. When there is no new steam supply, the temperature will drop and condense into water. In addition to the internal saturated vapor pressure, the steam condenses very fast. In a short time, the inside of the material chamber 3 can form a negative pressure state, and at this time, the pressure inside the material is released outward in the state of external high negative pressure. The solution in the liquid liquid container is under the negative pressure in the material chamber, and the solution enters into the material chamber to soak the material. Since the material is already fluffy, the crack increases and increases, and the solution is allowed to enter the material to dissolve the water-soluble active ingredient. This completes the process of vacuum immersion of the material.
  • the solution immersed in the material chamber is discharged and enters the bottom of the liquid container until all the solution is discharged into the solution container.
  • the solution in the solution container contains not only the volatile components in the extracted material. It also contains water-soluble ingredients. At this point, the process of solution extraction is completed.
  • the process of draining is to generate steam through a steam generator to apply pressure to the solution inside the material chamber.
  • the process of discharging the solution must be unidirectional discharge, that is, the solution is discharged from the top to the bottom, so that the clogging at the bottom of the material chamber is easily caused. Therefore, the embodiment adopts the method of alternately discharging the liquid, the steam generator.
  • the heating generates steam, and the steam is input into the alternating gas supply pipeline through the pipeline.
  • the second gas supply pipeline is closed, the first gas supply pipeline is opened, and the steam is routed through the first gas supply pipe to enter the closed material chamber 3
  • the solution in the material chamber is slowly discharged into the solution container under the pressure of the steam; when the solution is discharged for a certain period of time, at this time, the liquid discharge is suspended, in order to avoid the blockage caused by the single-direction discharge from the top to the bottom,
  • the material chamber is inflated from bottom to top.
  • the second gas supply line is opened, the first gas supply line is closed, and the steam will be inflated into the material chamber through the second gas supply line, and the steam enters the material chamber from the bottom of the material chamber.
  • the blockage at the bottom of the material chamber can be opened to avoid clogging.
  • the gas After a period of inflation, the gas is stopped, and the gas is supplied from top to bottom, and the liquid is discharged until the dissolution in the material chamber.
  • the liquid is discharged into the solution container, and at this time, the solution container not only has a volatile component but also has a water-soluble component, thereby obtaining an essence.
  • the heating rod 01 in the steam generator 03 is turned off, when steam is not generated, and the solution container 24 is cooled to generate a negative pressure, at which time the solution container 24 has water back to the material chamber 28 and impacts.
  • the food material, the water-soluble substance is displaced from the food material 26 and dissolved in water.
  • the solution of the reflux immersion is completed, and the gas supply process of FIGS. 1 and 2 is repeated, and the liquid is alternately drained. This is a cycle, so go up to 10 cycles to reach a high concentration of essence 27 .
  • the solution can be stopped. If it is not ideal, the distillation, vacuum immersion, and draining processes can be repeated again. This process can be performed multiple times.
  • steam is continuously introduced into the material chamber from top to bottom, and the steam passes through the space of the top of the material chamber first, and then passes through the material at the bottom of the material chamber, thereby generating
  • the material is subjected to a forward vapor pressure to the material, and the material is subjected to distillation from top to bottom, whereby the expansion of the food material is promoted by the forward vapor pressure.
  • Embodiment 2 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 1:
  • Distillation from top to bottom can give a certain distillation pressure to the food, which can accelerate the expansion of the food material and become fluffy, but there is a risk of anger, and the anger is not allowed.
  • the difference is as follows:
  • the steam generated in the steam generator is sent to the alternate gas supply pipeline through the pipeline, the first gas supply pipeline is closed, the second gas supply pipeline is opened, and the steam passes through the first gas supply pipeline.
  • the route goes up into the closed material chamber, and the liquid material in the material chamber is distilled, and the air in the material chamber is discharged.
  • the volatile components contained therein are volatilized and mixed with steam.
  • the steam is mixed, and the new steam is continuously supplied.
  • the mixed steam is discharged from the outlet at the top of the material chamber and enters the liquid container.
  • the liquid container contains the solution, and the mixed steam is directly dissolved into the solution, then the liquid The solution in the container will contain volatile components from the material being extracted.
  • the steam entering from the bottom will prevent the bottom of the material chamber from clogging due to steam passing from the bottom to the top; the material will no longer block the bottom outlet of the material chamber.
  • the resulting mixed vapor is instead discharged from the top outlet and into the solution vessel to solve the problem of smuggling during the distillation process.
  • the steam passes through the second pipe 07, passes through the first three-way pipe 08 of the turning point, passes through the fourth pipe 16, passes through the second solenoid valve 17, passes through the ninth pipe 18, and enters the turning point.
  • the three-way pass takes over, passes through the eighth conduit 19, enters the lower filter screen 25 in the material chamber 28, and then steams the food material 26.
  • the ingredients 26 can be washed or broken.
  • steam is continuously introduced into the material chamber from bottom to top, and the steam first passes through the material at the bottom of the material chamber, and then fills the head space, thereby reducing forward vapor pressure and clogging. And produce condensation to accelerate the expansion of the material, and the material is distilled from bottom to top.
  • the distillation process can prevent the generation of smuggling gas. Since the distillation always passes the steam from the bottom to the top, the condensation condensation cannot be eliminated, so The ingredients can be acceleratedly expanded by condensation.
  • Embodiment 3 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 3
  • the gas can be prevented from blocking the gas during the distillation stage, the pressurized distillation cannot be realized.
  • the difference between the embodiment and the first embodiment is as follows:
  • alternating steam is supplied to the material chamber, and the liquid material is distilled.
  • the distilled steam is discharged into the solution in the solution container through the outlet of the material chamber to obtain volatile components;
  • the alternating steam is: steam from the top to the bottom Passing into the material chamber, the steam is filled by first filling the top space of the material chamber, and then passing through the material at the bottom of the material chamber, thereby generating a forward vapor pressure on the material from top to bottom, Performing distillation from top to bottom; after a predetermined time from top to bottom, stop supplying steam from top to bottom, and then pass from bottom to top into the material chamber.
  • the steam passes through the The material at the bottom of the material chamber is distilled to fill the space of the material chamber, thereby reducing the forward vapor pressure and clogging, and generating condensation to accelerate the expansion of the material, and the material is distilled from bottom to top; After the predetermined time from the bottom to the top, the supply of steam from the bottom to the top is stopped, and the step of distilling from top to bottom is repeated from the top to the bottom.
  • the steam generated in the steam generator 1 is sent to the alternate gas supply pipeline through the pipeline, and at this time, the second gas supply pipeline is closed, the first gas supply pipeline is opened, and the steam is routed down through the first gas supply pipe.
  • the closed material chamber 3 filling the material chamber 3, distilling the liquid material 7 in the material chamber 3, and discharging the air in the material chamber 3, and the liquid material 7 is volatilized when it is distilled.
  • the sexual components will volatilize and mix with the steam 8 to form a mixed steam.
  • the new steam 8 will continuously enter, and the mixed steam will be discharged from the outlet of the bottom of the material chamber 3 into the liquid container 6, which is contained in the liquid container 6.
  • the solution, the mixed vapor will dissolve directly into the solution, and the solution in the liquid container 6 will contain the volatile components of the material being extracted.
  • the first electromagnetic valve 10 and the third electromagnetic valve 21 are normally opened for 20 seconds to 30 seconds when the heater 01 is operated.
  • the two fourth solenoid valves 14 and the second solenoid valve 17 are normally closed for 20 seconds to 30 seconds.
  • the vapor takes the volatile material of the food material 26 out of the vapor, passes the volatile material through the upper filter 29 through the seventh pipe 12, passes through the second pass of the turning point, passes through the sixth pipe 13, and passes through the fourth electromagnetic valve. 14 After the twelfth pipe 15 passes through the fourth pass of the turning point. After the passage through the thirteenth conduit 23, the solution container 24 is finally dissolved in water.
  • the first gas supply line is closed, and the second gas supply line is opened, and the steam is routed through the first gas supply pipe to enter the closed material chamber 3, and the material is
  • the liquid material 7 in the chamber 3 is distilled, at which time the steam will enter from the opening in the bottom of the material chamber and enter the material chamber, and the generated mixed steam will be discharged from the top outlet of the material chamber into the liquid container.
  • the steam entering at the bottom can open the blocked portion again, so that the material no longer blocks the bottom outlet of the material chamber, and the formed mixed steam is discharged from the top outlet into the solution container, thereby solving the problem of smashing during the distillation.

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Abstract

一种交替溶液制取方法及制取装置，该方法包括：1)蒸馏：往材料室(28)中提供蒸汽，对制液材料进行蒸馏，蒸馏后的混合蒸汽通过材料室出口排入溶液容器(24)内的溶液中，获取挥发性成分；2)浸泡：停止供蒸汽，在材料室(28)中形成负压，溶液容器(24)中的液体回流至材料室中，平衡材料室(28)中的负压，回流的溶液对材料室(28)中的制液材料进行浸泡，让溶液充分溶解制液材料中水溶性成分；3)交替排液：往材料室(28)中提供交替蒸汽，将材料室中的浸泡完的溶液间歇性地排入溶液容器(24)中；4)重复：按要求重复上述步骤1)至3)，达到预定次数完成溶液制取。该制取装置，通过设置了第一、二供气、排气管路的方式实现向材料室(28)交替提供蒸汽，以将材料室(28)的浸泡溶液通过间歇方式排入溶液容器(24)中，可以避免现有技术由于单方向排液造成的堵塞问题。

Description

一种交替溶液制取方法及制取装置 技术领域
本发明涉及溶液制取领域，特别是涉及一种交替溶液制取方法及制取装置。
背景技术
现有的通过蒸馏吸收、负压、浸泡的循环处理流程原理的溶液制取装置实现溶液的制取，可以保证制取的溶液最大程度发挥制液材料的营养成分，通过蒸馏吸收能将食材中的挥发性成分充分保留在溶液中，通过浸泡能将食材中的水溶性成分留存在溶液中，但是上述溶液制取方法，在溶液制取的过程中，容易导致材料室堵塞，进而无法正常进行溶液制取。
以上背景技术内容的公开仅用于辅助理解本发明的发明构思及技术方案，其并不必然属于本专利申请的现有技术，在没有明确的证据表明上述内容在本专利申请的申请日已经公开的情况下，上述背景技术不应当用于评价本申请的新颖性和创造性。
发明内容
本发明目的在于提出一种交替溶液制取方法及制取装置，以解决上述现有技术存在的溶液制取过程中材料室易堵塞的技术问题。
为此，本发明提出一种溶液制取方法，包括如下步骤：
1)蒸馏：往材料室中提供蒸汽，对制液材料进行蒸馏，蒸馏后的混合蒸汽通过材料室出口排入溶液容器内的溶液中，获取挥发性成分；
2)浸泡：停止供蒸汽，在所述材料室中形成负压，所述溶液容器中的液体回流至所述材料室中，平衡材料室中的负压，回流的溶液对所述材料室中的制液材料进行浸泡，让溶液充分溶解制液材料中水溶性成分；
3)交替排液：往所述材料室中提供交替蒸汽，即蒸汽由上往下或由下往上交替通入所述材料室中，将所述材料室中的浸泡完的溶液间歇性地排入所述溶液容器中；
4)重复：按要求重复上述步骤1)至4)，达到预定次数完成溶液制取。
优选地，步骤1)中，在蒸馏的过程中，蒸汽一直由上往下通入所述材料室中，蒸汽通过先将所述材料室顶部空间填满，后经过所述材料室底部的材料，从而产生由上往下施以对材料的正向蒸汽压，对材料进行由上往下的蒸馏；
或：步骤1)中，在蒸馏过程中，蒸汽一直由下往上通入所述材料室中，蒸汽先经过所述材料室底部的材料，后填满所述顶部空间，从而减小正向蒸汽压和堵塞，并产生凝露对材料进行加速膨化，对材料进行由下往上的蒸馏。
优选地，步骤1)中，包括如下步骤：蒸汽由上往下通入所述材料室中，蒸汽通过先将所述材料室顶部空间填满，后经过所述材料室底部的材料，从而产生由上往下施以对材料的正向蒸汽压，对材料进行由上往下的蒸馏；
当由上往下蒸馏预定时间后，停止由上往下供蒸汽，改为由下往上通入所述材料室中，在蒸馏过程中，蒸汽先经过所述材料室底部的材料，对材料蒸馏，后填满所述材料室顶部空间，从而减小正向蒸汽压和堵塞，并产生凝露对材料进行加速膨化，对材料进行由下往上的蒸馏；
当由下往上蒸馏预定时间后，停止由下往上供蒸汽，改为由上往下通入所述材料室中，重复由上往下蒸馏的步骤。
优选地，步骤3)中，包括如下步骤：蒸汽由上往下通入所述材料室中，蒸汽通过先将所述材料室顶部空间填满，利用压强对所述材料室底部中回流的溶液施压，将溶液排入所述溶液容器中；
当由上往下供气预定时间后，停止由上往下供蒸汽，改为由下往上通入所述材料室中，从而停止排液，由下往上的蒸汽先冲开排液过程中的堵塞部分，疏通管道；
当由下往上疏通预定时间后，停止由下往上供蒸汽，改为由上往下通入所述材料室中，重复由上往下排液的步骤。
此外，本发明还提出一种溶液制取装置，包括蒸汽发生器、材料室、第一供气管路、第一排气管路、控制系统和溶液容器，所述材料室上下开口，所述蒸汽发生器通过所述第一供气管路与所述材料室顶部开口连接，所述材料室的底部开 口通过所述第一排气管路与所述溶液容器底部开口连接，还包括：
一端与所述材料室的底部开口连接、另一端与所述蒸汽方式器连接的第二供气管路，一端与所述材料室的顶部开口相连、另一端与所述溶液容器底部开口连接的第二排气管路，所述材料室底部仅开设一个开口；
通过所述控制系统控制所述蒸汽发生器发生蒸汽，并控制所述第一供气管路和所述第一排气管道打开预定时间，蒸汽可依次通过所述第一供气管路、所述材料室、所述第一排气管路和所述溶液容器进行由上往下的为所述材料室供气；
或控制所述第二供气管路和所述第二排气管道打开预定时间，可依次通过所述第二供气管路、所述材料室、所述第二排气管路和所述溶液容器进行由下往上为所述材料室供气。
优选地，所述蒸汽发生器包括为所述第一供气管路供气的第一蒸汽发生器，和为所述第二供气管路供气的第二蒸汽发生器，所述第一供气管路包括限制蒸汽由所述材料室进入所述第一蒸汽发生器的第一单向阀，所述第二供气管路包括限制蒸汽由所述材料室进入所述第二蒸汽发生器的第二单向阀。
优选地，所述蒸汽发生器通过T型阀分别与所述第一供气管路和所述第二供气管路连接。
优选地，所述第一供气管路包括控制所述第一供气管路关闭与打开的第一控制阀，所述第二供气管路包括控制所述第二供气管路关闭与打开的第二控制阀，所述第一控制阀与所述第二控制阀与所述控制系统连接。
优选地，所述第一排气管路包括控制所述第一排气管路关闭与打开的第三控制阀，所述第二排气管路包括控制所述第一排气管路关闭与打开的第四控制阀，所述控制系统控制所述第三控制阀与所述第四控制阀交替开启。
优选地，所述第一排气管路包括控制所述第一排气管路关闭与打开的第三控制阀，所述第二排气管路包括控制所述第一排气管路关闭与打开的第四控制阀，所述第一控制阀和所述第三控制阀可在所述控制系统的控制下同时开启和关闭相同时间，所述第二控制阀与所述第四控制阀可在所述控制系统的控制下同时开启和关闭相同时间。
优选地，所述材料室顶部仅开设一个开口，所述第二排气管路和所述第一供气管路通过T型阀与所述材料室顶部开口连接。
优选地，所述第一排气管路和所述第二供气管路通过T型阀与所述材料室底部开口连接。
优选地，所述溶液容器底部仅开设有一个开口，所述第一排气管路和所述第二排气管路通过T型阀与所述溶液容器底部开口连接。
本发明与现有技术对比的有益效果包括：本发明可以避免现有技术由于单方向排液造成的堵塞问题，排液的过程中，通过由上往下或由下往上交替往材料室供气，当由上往下供气时可将材料室中的溶液排入溶液容器中，由下往上供气时可将材料堵塞排液口的部分冲开，由此循环往复，进行间歇性的排液，可防止排液的堵塞，又能保证溶液按照蒸馏、负压回流、浸泡这一工作原理进行溶液制取，由此，不管加在多少食材也不会堵塞漏气，因为会冲开食材；避免发生堵塞现像，很适合超大量剂的溶液制取，萃取效果有更好的提高，相比于现有溶液制取装置只有二、三杯的小量剂而言，如果使用本发明，可以做到几碗或更大的量剂。
附图说明
图1是本发明实施例的蒸馏时第一供气管路连通时的状态图；
图2是本发明实施例的蒸馏时第二供气管路连通时的状态图。
图3是本发明实施例的回流后时的状态图。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施方式并对照附图对本发明作进一步详细说明。应该强调的是，下述说明仅仅是示例性的，而不是为了限制本发明的范围及其应用。
参照以下附图，将描述非限制性和非排他性的实施例，其中相同的附图标记表示相同的部件，除非另外特别说明。
实施例一：
本实施例中，图1为本实施例溶液制取装置整体工作原理示意图，图示中，包括用于产生蒸汽的蒸汽发生器，蒸汽发生器的蒸汽出口连接在交替供气管路上，材料室设置在交替供气管路上，交替供气管路与溶液容器相连，蒸汽发生器 通过加热其内部的水产生蒸汽，蒸汽通过交替供气管路送至材料室中，材料室中存放待制取溶液的制液材料，材料室上下均设有开口，一个开口用于进气，另一个用于出气，出气的开口通过交替供气管路连接到溶液容器下方；交替供气管路包括第一供气管路、第二供气管路、第一排气管路和第二排气管路，蒸汽发生器通过第一供气管路与材料室顶部开口连接，材料室的底部开口通过第一排气管路与溶液容器底部开口连接，第二供气管路一端与材料室的底部开口连接、另一端与蒸汽方式器连接，第二排气管路一端与材料室的顶部开口相连、另一端与溶液容器底部开口连接，材料室底部仅开设一个开口；通过控制系统控制蒸汽发生器发生蒸汽，并控制第一供气管路和第一排气管道打开预定时间，蒸汽可依次通过第一供气管路、材料室、第一排气管路和溶液容器进行由上往下的为材料室供气；或控制第二供气管路和第二排气管道打开预定时间，可依次通过第二供气管路、材料室、第二排气管路和溶液容器进行由下往上为材料室供气。
如图1-3所示，加热棒01装在蒸汽发生器03，水02灌入蒸汽发生器03的内部。第一管道05插入在蒸汽发生器03的上面，再插入压力阀06的左接口，压力阀06右接口处插入第二管道07，再接上第一三通接管08。第一三通接管08接上右边的第三管道09，第一三通接管08接入下面的第四管道16，第一电磁阀10的A口接上第三管道09。第一电磁阀10的B口接上第五管道11，第五管道11右边的接口接上第二三通接管的左接口。第二三通接管的右接口接上第六管道13，第二三通接管的下接口接上第七管道12，第七管道12再接上材料室28的上接口，上过滤网29装在材料室28的顶部。下过滤网25装在材料室28的底部，第八管道19的上接口插入材料室28低部的接口，下面插入第三三通接管。第三三通接管08，左接口接上第九管道18，第四管道16和第九管道18分边插入第二电磁阀17，第十管道20接入第三三通接管的右接口，另一头接入第三电磁阀21的A接口，B接口接入第十一管道22，第十一管道22的另一个接口接入第四三通接管，第四三通接管上面的接口接入第十二管道15。第十二管道15的另一头接入第四电磁阀14，第四电磁阀14的A口接入第六管道13，第四三通接管的右接口接上第十三管道23，第十三管道23另一头接上溶液容器 24的底部。
蒸汽发生器通过T型阀分别与第一供气管路和第二供气管路连接，此处的T型阀为第一三通接管08。第一供气管路包括控制第一供气管路关闭与打开的第一控制阀，第二供气管路包括控制第二供气管路关闭与打开的第二控制阀，第一控制阀与第二控制阀与控制系统连接。第一排气管路包括控制第一排气管路关闭与打开的第三控制阀，第二排气管路包括控制第一排气管路关闭与打开的第四控制阀，第一控制阀和第三控制阀可在控制系统的控制下同时开启和关闭相同时间，第二控制阀与第四控制阀可在控制系统的控制下同时开启和关闭相同时间。
在本实施例其他变通实施例中，蒸汽发生器包括为第一供气管路供气的第一蒸汽发生器，和为第二供气管路供气的第二蒸汽发生器，第一供气管路包括限制蒸汽由材料室进入第一蒸汽发生器的第一单向阀，第二供气管路包括限制蒸汽由材料室进入第二蒸汽发生器的第二单向阀，第一排气管路包括控制第一排气管路关闭与打开的第三控制阀，第二排气管路包括控制第一排气管路关闭与打开的第四控制阀，控制系统控制第三控制阀与第四控制阀交替开启。此时不需要设置T型阀，也不需要在第一供气管路和第二供气管路上设置电磁阀，可设置单向阀即可，交替的过程中，只需要控制设置在第一排气管路和第二排气管路上的电磁阀的开通和关闭即可。本实施例中，材料室顶部仅开设一个开口，第二排气管路和第一供气管路通过T型阀与材料室顶部开口连接，该开口连接第七管道12，T型阀为第二三通接管，当然，在本实施例的一些变通实施例中，顶部开口可以设置两个。第一排气管路和第二供气管路通过T型阀与材料室底部开口连接，此处的T型阀为第三三通接管。溶液容器底部仅开设有一个开口，第一排气管路和第二排气管路通过T型阀与溶液容器底部开口连接，此处的T型阀为第四三通接管。本实施例均是通过T型阀连接的，这样能简化交替供气管路的结构复杂度，避免设置多个蒸汽发生器，或者在蒸汽发生器上开设多个蒸汽出口，和在材料室顶部开设多个开口，以及设置多个溶液容器或在溶液容器上开设多个开口，由此，结构简单的溶液制取装置，对称性好，相应的，控制的过程中，实现交替将更加方便。
本实施例中，第一供气管路包括依次连接的第三管道09、第一电磁阀10、第五管道11，第一排气管路包括依次连接的第十管道20、第三电磁阀21、第十一管道22；第二供气管路包括依次连接第四管道16、第二电磁阀17、第九管道18，第二排气管路包括第六管道13、第四电磁阀14、第十二管道15；第一控制阀为第一电磁阀10，第二控制阀为第二电磁阀17，第三控制阀为第三电磁阀21，第四控制阀为第四电磁阀14。
在本实施例的一些变通实施例中，可将三通接管全部替换成电动开关阀门，通过该电动开关阀门，进行第一供气管路、第二供气管路、第一排气管路、第二排气管路的开通和闭合，这样可以省去第一电磁阀10、第二电磁阀17、第三电磁阀21、第四电磁阀14，节约成本，简化管路结构。
本实施例中溶液制取装置整个工作的基本流程包括如下步骤：
1)蒸馏：往材料室中由上往下提供蒸汽，对制液材料进行蒸馏，蒸馏后的混合蒸汽通过材料室出口排入溶液容器内的溶液中，获取挥发性成分；
2)浸泡：停止供蒸汽，在材料室中形成负压，溶液容器中的液体回流至材料室中，平衡材料室中的负压，回流的溶液对材料室中的制液材料进行浸泡，让溶液充分溶解制液材料中水溶性成分；
3)交替排液：往材料室中提供交替蒸汽，即蒸汽由上往下或由下往上交替通入所述材料室中，将材料室中的浸泡完的溶液间歇性地排入溶液容器中；具体为：蒸汽由上往下通入所述材料室中，蒸汽通过先将所述材料室顶部空间填满，利用压强对所述材料室底部中回流的溶液施压，将溶液排入所述溶液容器中；当由上往下供气预定时间后，停止由上往下供蒸汽，改为由下往上通入所述材料室中，从而停止排液，由下往上的蒸汽先冲开排液过程中的堵塞部分，疏通管道；当由下往上疏通预定时间后，停止由下往上供蒸汽，改为由上往下通入所述材料室中，重复由上往下排液的步骤。
4)重复：按要求重复上述步骤1)至3)，达到预定次数完成溶液制取。
蒸馏的过程中，通过蒸汽发生器1内产生的蒸汽，经过管道送至交替供气管路，此时第二供气管路关闭，第一供气管路打开，蒸汽通过第一供气管路由上往 下进入到密闭的材料室3中，填充满材料室3，对材料室3内的制液材料7进行蒸馏，同时排出材料室3内的空气，制液材料7在被蒸馏时，其含有的挥发性成分会挥发，与蒸汽8混合形成混合蒸汽，在新的蒸汽8源源不断地进入，混合蒸汽就会从材料室3的底部的出口排出，进入到液体容器6中，液体容器6中盛有溶液，混合蒸汽会直接溶入到溶液中，那么液体容器6中的溶液将含有被提取材料中的挥发性成分。
具体的为：如图1所示，水02产让蒸气04经过第一管道05后再过压力阀06，再经过第二管道07，通过转折点第一三通接管08。再经过第三管道09,通过第一电磁阀10，再过到第五管道11后，通过转折点第二三通接管，过到第七管道12进入到材料室中，经过过滤网29后蒸食材。蒸个20秒到30秒的样子。之后的蒸气把食材的挥发性物质从蒸气中带出，在经过下过滤网25，从第八管道19带出，经过转折点第三三通接管后，再经过第十管道20，再经过第三电磁阀21后，再过第十一管道22，再到转折点第四三通接管后经过第十三管道23，最后到达溶液容器24溶于水02中；
蒸馏一段时间后，蒸汽发生器1将停止加热，隔断蒸汽的继续供给，此时第一供气管路和第二供气管路均关闭，但应该打开第一供气管路上的第二控制阀，以便液体回流；由于材料室3内已经没有空气，全部是蒸汽，蒸汽在没有新蒸汽供给的时候，温度会下降，凝结成水，加上内部的饱和蒸汽压原因，蒸汽凝结的速度非常快，在短时间内材料室3内部就可以形成负压状态，而此时材料内部的压力就会在外部高负压的状态下向外释放。液体液体容器内的溶液在材料室内负压的作用下，溶液进入到材料室内，对材料进行浸泡，由于材料已经蓬松，裂隙加大且增多，便于溶液进入到材料内部溶取水溶性有效成分。至此完成了材料的负压浸泡的处理过程。
浸泡一段时间后，将材料室内浸泡后的溶液排出，进入到液体容器的底部，直至将全部溶液排入到溶液容器内，这时溶液容器中的溶液内不仅含有被提取材料中的挥发性成分，同时也含有水溶性成份。至此，完成了溶液提取的正作过程。
排液的过程是通过蒸汽发生器产生蒸汽以对材料室内部的溶液施压，进行排 出的，溶液排出的过程必须是单方向的排放，即是将溶液由上往下进行排放，所以容易导致材料室底部的堵塞，由此，本实施例采用交替排液的方式，蒸汽发生器供热产生蒸汽，蒸汽通过管道输入到交替供气管路中，此时第二供气管路关闭，第一供气管路打开，蒸汽通过第一供气管路由上往下进入到密闭的材料室3中，材料室中的溶液在蒸汽的压力作用下，缓缓排入溶液容器中；当溶液排放一定时间后，此时，暂停排液，为避免由上往下单方向排液造成的堵塞问题，对材料室由下往上进行充气，此时，打开第二供气管路，关闭第一供气管路，蒸汽将通过第二供气管路往材料室内部充气，蒸汽由材料室底部进入材料室，可将材料室底部堵塞的部位打开，从而避免堵塞，充气一段时间后，停止充气，改为由上往下进行供气，继续排液，直至材料室中的溶液排放至溶液容器中，此时溶液容器中不但具有挥发性的成分，同时还具有水溶性成分，由此获得精华液。
如图3所示，这时关闭蒸汽发生器03里的加热棒01，这时不在产生蒸汽了，溶液容器24遇冷产生负压，这时溶液容器24有水回留到材料室28并冲击食材，水溶性物质从食材26中置换出来溶于水中。完成回流浸泡的溶液，这时重复图1和图2的供气流程，交替排液。这样为一个循环，如此下去10几个循环可达上高浓度的精华液27。
如果溶液容器中的精华液达到了理想的状态，那么即可停止溶液的制取，如果不理想，可以再次重复执行蒸馏、负压浸泡、排液的过程，此过程可以进行功能多次循环。
本实施例蒸馏的过程中，蒸汽一直由上往下通入所述材料室中，蒸汽通过先将所述材料室顶部空间填满，后经过所述材料室底部的材料，从而产生由上往下施以对材料的正向蒸汽压，对材料进行由上往下的蒸馏，由此，通过正向蒸汽压能促进食材的膨化。
实施例二：
由上往下进行蒸馏可以给食材一定的蒸馏压力，能加速食材膨化，变得蓬松，但存在赌气的风险，赌气也是不允许的，采用本实施例与实施例一相比，区别如下：
本实施例溶液制取装置整个工作的基本流程包括如下步骤：
1)蒸馏：往材料室中由下往上提供蒸汽，对制液材料进行蒸馏，蒸馏后的混合蒸汽通过材料室出口排入溶液容器内的溶液中，获取挥发性成分；
2)浸泡：停止供蒸汽，在材料室中形成负压，溶液容器中的液体回流至材料室中，平衡材料室中的负压，回流的溶液对材料室中的制液材料进行浸泡，让溶液充分溶解制液材料中水溶性成分；
3)交替排液：往材料室中提供交替蒸汽，将材料室中的浸泡完的溶液间歇性地排入溶液容器中；
4)重复：按要求重复上述步骤1)至3)，达到预定次数完成溶液制取。
如图2所示，蒸馏的过程中，通过蒸汽发生器内产生的蒸汽，经过管道送至交替供气管路，则关闭第一供气管路，打开第二供气管路，蒸汽通过第一供气管路由下往上进入到密闭的材料室中，对材料室内的制液材料进行蒸馏，同时排出材料室内的空气，制液材料在被蒸馏时，其含有的挥发性成分会挥发，与蒸汽混合形成混合蒸汽，在新的蒸汽源源不断地进入，混合蒸汽就会从材料室的顶部的出口排出，进入到液体容器中，液体容器中盛有溶液，混合蒸汽会直接溶入到溶液中，那么液体容器中的溶液将含有被提取材料中的挥发性成分，从底部进入的蒸汽可防止由于由下往上单方向通蒸汽造成的材料室底部堵塞的问题；使得材料不再堵塞材料室的底部出口，形成的混合蒸汽转而从顶部出口排出，进入到溶液容器中，从而解决蒸馏过程中赌气的问题。
如图2所示，这时蒸气经过第二管道07，通过转折点第一三通接管08，再经过第四管道16，再过第二电磁阀17后经过第九管道18，到入转转折点第三三通接管，再过第八管道19，进入材料室28中的下过滤网25后蒸食材26。可冲开或打散食材26。
本实施例在蒸馏过程中，蒸汽一直由下往上通入所述材料室中，蒸汽先经过所述材料室底部的材料，后填满所述顶部空间，从而减小正向蒸汽压和堵塞，并产生凝露对材料进行加速膨化，对材料进行由下往上的蒸馏。由此蒸馏过程可以防止赌气的产生，由于蒸馏一直由下往上通蒸汽，冷凝的凝露将无法排除，所以 可通过凝露对食材进行加速膨化。
实施例三：
实施例二虽然在蒸馏阶段能防堵气，但是不能实现有压力的蒸馏，本实施例为了防止赌气并具有一定的蒸馏压力，本实施例与实施例一相比，区别如下：
本实施例中溶液制取装置整个工作的基本流程包括如下步骤：
1)蒸馏：往材料室中提供交替蒸汽，对制液材料进行蒸馏，蒸馏后的混合蒸汽通过材料室出口排入溶液容器内的溶液中，获取挥发性成分；交替蒸汽为：蒸汽由上往下通入所述材料室中，蒸汽通过先将所述材料室顶部空间填满，后经过所述材料室底部的材料，从而产生由上往下施以对材料的正向蒸汽压，对材料进行由上往下的蒸馏；当由上往下蒸馏预定时间后，停止由上往下供蒸汽，改为由下往上通入所述材料室中，在蒸馏过程中，蒸汽先经过所述材料室底部的材料，对材料蒸馏，后填满所述材料室顶部空间，从而减小正向蒸汽压和堵塞，并产生凝露对材料进行加速膨化，对材料进行由下往上的蒸馏；当由下往上蒸馏预定时间后，停止由下往上供蒸汽，改为由上往下通入所述材料室中，重复由上往下蒸馏的步骤。
2)浸泡：停止供蒸汽，在材料室中形成负压，溶液容器中的液体回流至材料室中，平衡材料室中的负压，回流的溶液对材料室中的制液材料进行浸泡，让溶液充分溶解制液材料中水溶性成分；
3)交替排液：往材料室中提供交替蒸汽，将材料室中的浸泡完的溶液间歇性地排入溶液容器中；
4)重复：按要求重复上述步骤1)至3)，达到预定次数完成溶液制取。
蒸馏的过程中，通过蒸汽发生器1内产生的蒸汽，经过管道送至交替供气管路，此时第二供气管路关闭，第一供气管路打开，蒸汽通过第一供气管路由上往下进入到密闭的材料室3中，填充满材料室3，对材料室3内的制液材料7进行蒸馏，同时排出材料室3内的空气，制液材料7在被蒸馏时，其含有的挥发性成分会挥发，与蒸汽8混合形成混合蒸汽，在新的蒸汽8源源不断地进入，混合蒸汽就会从材料室3的底部的出口排出，进入到液体容器6中，液体容器6中盛有 溶液，混合蒸汽会直接溶入到溶液中，那么液体容器6中的溶液将含有被提取材料中的挥发性成分。
在利用第一供气管路由上往下供气一段时间后，需要切换至第二供气管路，因为，在蒸汽由上往下蒸馏一端时间后，食材将在单方向流动的蒸汽作用下，堵塞材料室底部的过滤网，尤其是在材料量比较大的情况下，堵塞的现象更加明显，堵塞发生后，混合蒸汽将无法顺利的透过过滤网进入到液体容器中，导致蒸馏过程无法顺利进行；具体为：在加热器01运作时第一电磁阀10和第三电磁阀21这时常开20秒～30秒的样子。另来二个第四电磁阀14和第二电磁阀17常闭20秒～30秒的样子。蒸汽只能走这条路线了。如图2所示。经过20秒～30秒的样子因为食材过多容易发生堵塞现像，这时马上切换另一条线路关闭第一电磁阀10和第三电磁阀21，另来二个第四电磁阀14和第二电磁阀17常开20秒～30秒的样子。这时蒸气经过第二管道07，通过转折点第一三通接管08，再经过第四管道16，再过第二电磁阀17后经过第九管道18，到入转转折点第三三通接管，再过第八管道19，进入材料室28中的下过滤网25后蒸食材26。可冲开或打散食材26。不会发生堵塞现像。蒸气把食材26的挥发性物质从蒸气中带出，经过上过滤网29在通过第七管道12带出挥发性物质，经过转折点第二三通接管，经过第六管道13后过第四电磁阀14在过第十二管道15后经过转折点第四三通接管。后经过第十三管道23最后达溶液容器24溶于水中。
如图3所示，在单方向蒸馏一段时间后，则关闭第一供气管路，打开第二供气管路，蒸汽通过第一供气管路由下往上进入到密闭的材料室3中，对材料室3内的制液材料7进行蒸馏，此时蒸汽将会从材料室底部的开口进入，进入到材料室，产生的混合蒸汽将会从材料室的顶部出口排出，进入到液体容器中，从底部进入的蒸汽可将堵塞的部位再次打开，使得材料不再堵塞材料室的底部出口，形成的混合蒸汽转而从顶部出口排出，进入到溶液容器中，从而解决蒸馏过程中赌气的问题。
本实施例蒸馏的过程中，兼具了实施例一和二两者的优点，均有正向蒸汽压、不堵气、凝露膨化的效果，由此，对食材的成分的提取将具有更好的效果。
本领域技术人员将认识到，对以上描述做出众多变通是可能的，所以实施例仅是用来描述一个或多个特定实施方式。
尽管已经描述和叙述了被看作本发明的示范实施例，本领域技术人员将会明白，可以对其作出各种改变和替换，而不会脱离本发明的精神。另外，可以做出许多修改以将特定情况适配到本发明的教义，而不会脱离在此描述的本发明中心概念。所以，本发明不受限于在此披露的特定实施例，但本发明可能还包括属于本发明范围的所有实施例及其等同物。

Claims (13)

  1. 一种溶液制取方法，其特征在于：包括如下步骤：
    1)蒸馏：往材料室中提供蒸汽，对制液材料进行蒸馏，蒸馏后的混合蒸汽通过材料室出口排入溶液容器内的溶液中，获取挥发性成分；
    2)浸泡：停止供蒸汽，在所述材料室中形成负压，所述溶液容器中的液体回流至所述材料室中，平衡材料室中的负压，回流的溶液对所述材料室中的制液材料进行浸泡，让溶液充分溶解制液材料中水溶性成分；
    3)交替排液：往所述材料室中提供交替蒸汽，即蒸汽由上往下或由下往上交替通入所述材料室中，将所述材料室中的浸泡完的溶液间歇性地排入所述溶液容器中；
    4)重复：按要求重复上述步骤1)至4)，达到预定次数完成溶液制取。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的溶液制取方法，其特征在于：步骤1)中，在蒸馏的过程中，蒸汽一直由上往下通入所述材料室中，蒸汽通过先将所述材料室顶部空间填满，后经过所述材料室底部的材料，从而产生由上往下施以对材料的正向蒸汽压，对材料进行由上往下的蒸馏；
    或：步骤1)中，在蒸馏过程中，蒸汽一直由下往上通入所述材料室中，蒸汽先经过所述材料室底部的材料，后填满所述顶部空间，从而减小正向蒸汽压和堵塞，并产生凝露对材料进行加速膨化，对材料进行由下往上的蒸馏。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的溶液制取方法，其特征在于：步骤1)中，包括如下步骤：蒸汽由上往下通入所述材料室中，蒸汽通过先将所述材料室顶部空间填满，后经过所述材料室底部的材料，从而产生由上往下施以对材料的正向蒸汽压，对材料进行由上往下的蒸馏；
    当由上往下蒸馏预定时间后，停止由上往下供蒸汽，改为由下往上通入所述材料室中，在蒸馏过程中，蒸汽先经过所述材料室底部的材料，对材料蒸馏，后填满所述材料室顶部空间，从而减小正向蒸汽压和堵塞，并产生凝露对材料进行加速膨化，对材料进行由下往上的蒸馏；
    当由下往上蒸馏预定时间后，停止由下往上供蒸汽，改为由上往下通入所述材料室中，重复由上往下蒸馏的步骤。
  4. 如权利要求1-3任一所述的溶液制取方法，其特征在于：步骤3)中，包括如下步骤：蒸汽由上往下通入所述材料室中，蒸汽通过先将所述材料室顶部空间填满，利用压强对所述材料室底部中回流的溶液施压，将溶液排入所述溶液容器中；
    当由上往下供气预定时间后，停止由上往下供蒸汽，改为由下往上通入所述材料室中，从而停止排液，由下往上的蒸汽先冲开排液过程中的堵塞部分，疏通管道；
    当由下往上疏通预定时间后，停止由下往上供蒸汽，改为由上往下通入所述材料室中，重复由上往下排液的步骤。
  5. 一种溶液制取装置，包括蒸汽发生器、材料室、第一供气管路、第一排气管路、控制系统和溶液容器，所述材料室上下开口，所述蒸汽发生器通过所述第一供气管路与所述材料室顶部开口连接，所述材料室的底部开口通过所述第一排气管路与所述溶液容器底部开口连接，其特征在于，还包括：
    一端与所述材料室的底部开口连接、另一端与所述蒸汽方式器连接的第二供气管路，一端与所述材料室的顶部开口相连、另一端与所述溶液容器底部开口连接的第二排气管路，所述材料室底部仅开设一个开口；
    通过所述控制系统控制所述蒸汽发生器发生蒸汽，并控制所述第一供气管路和所述第一排气管道打开预定时间，蒸汽可依次通过所述第一供气管路、所述材料室、所述第一排气管路和所述溶液容器进行由上往下的为所述材料室供气；
    或控制所述第二供气管路和所述第二排气管道打开预定时间，可依次通过所述第二供气管路、所述材料室、所述第二排气管路和所述溶液容器进行由下往上为所述材料室供气。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的溶液制取装置，其特征在于：所述蒸汽发生器包括为所述第一供气管路供气的第一蒸汽发生器，和为所述第二供气管路供气的第二蒸汽发生器，所述第一供气管路包括限制蒸汽由所述材料室进入所述第一蒸汽发生器的第一单向阀，所述第二供气管路包括限制蒸汽由所述材料室进入所述第二蒸汽发生器的第二单向阀。
  7. 如权利要求5所述的溶液制取装置，其特征在于：所述蒸汽发生器通过T型阀分别与所述第一供气管路和所述第二供气管路连接。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的溶液制取装置，其特征在于：所述第一供气管路包括控制所述第一供气管路关闭与打开的第一控制阀，所述第二供气管路包括控制所述第二供气管路关闭与打开的第二控制阀，所述第一控制阀与所述第二控制阀与所述控制系统连接。
  9. 如权利要求6所述的溶液制取装置，其特征在于：所述第一排气管路包括控制所述第一排气管路关闭与打开的第三控制阀，所述第二排气管路包括控制所述第一排气管路关闭与打开的第四控制阀，所述控制系统控制所述第三控制阀与所述第四控制阀交替开启。
  10. 如权利要求8所述的溶液制取装置，其特征在于：所述第一排气管路包括控制所述第一排气管路关闭与打开的第三控制阀，所述第二排气管路包括控制所述第一排气管路关闭与打开的第四控制阀，所述第一控制阀和所述第三控制阀可在所述控制系统的控制下同时开启和关闭相同时间，所述第二控制阀与所述第四控制阀可在所述控制系统的控制下同时开启和关闭相同时间。
  11. 如权利要求5-10任一所述的溶液制取装置，其特征在于：所述材料室顶部仅开设一个开口，所述第二排气管路和所述第一供气管路通过T型阀与所述材料室顶部开口连接。
  12. 如权利要求5-10任一所述的溶液制取装置，其特征在于：所述第一排气管路和所述第二供气管路通过T型阀与所述材料室底部开口连接。
  13. 如权利要求5-10任一所述的溶液制取装置，其特征在于：所述溶液容器底部仅开设有一个开口，所述第一排气管路和所述第二排气管路通过T型阀与所述溶液容器底部开口连接。
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