WO2019003414A1

WO2019003414A1 - System, method, and program for international trade

Info

Publication number: WO2019003414A1
Application number: PCT/JP2017/024144
Authority: WO
Inventors: 浩気田村; 俊介野村
Original assignee: 株式会社三井住友銀行
Priority date: 2017-06-30
Filing date: 2017-06-30
Publication date: 2019-01-03
Also published as: JP6718980B2; SG11201913750TA; JPWO2019003414A1

Abstract

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a means to enable parties to an international trade to proceed appropriately through processes for import and export, as called for by the transport status of a cargo. Provided is a program for causing a computer to execute a method comprising: a step of acquiring information on the status of the cargo; and a step of executing international trading processes associated with the cargo, on the basis of said information on the status. The program can cause a screen of the computer to display the information on the status of the cargo, and the progress status of the international trading processes associated with the cargo.

Description

System, method, and program for trading

The present invention relates to a technology for advancing a procedure of trade transaction in conjunction with the current position and the like of cargo to be imported and exported.

In trade transactions for trading goods with foreign business partners, various paper documents are exchanged between many parties involved in the trade transaction. For example, persons involved in trade transactions such as importers / exporters, forwarders, shipping companies, customs companies, banks, insurance companies, etc. make documents for various procedures and deliver them to predetermined parties. Many of these documents are prepared and sent according to the transport situation of the goods to be imported or exported.

JP 2011-96060 A JP 2005-310037 JP 2002-312446 A

However, conventionally, there has been a problem that the transportation of the cargo and the delivery of the document can not be properly linked, such as the necessary documents at the time of arrival of the cargo have not yet arrived. Techniques for digitizing documents relating to trade transactions (see, for example, Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2), and enabling the status of cargo to be inquired (see, for example, paragraphs [0081] to [0087] of Patent Document 3) Although disclosed, none of the patent documents take into consideration that the document is prepared and sent according to the transportation status of the cargo to proceed with the procedure.

By the way, recently, application of smart contract technology capable of automating contracts on block chains is being considered in various fields. By applying the technology of smart contract, it is possible to execute a transaction automatically when the predefined conditions are met.

The present invention has been made in view of such problems, and the purpose of the present invention is to provide a means by which persons involved in trade transactions can appropriately proceed with the procedure of trade transactions according to the freight transport status. It is to provide.

In order to achieve such an object, the program, which is an aspect of the present invention, causes a computer to obtain cargo status information, and a trade associated with the cargo based on the status information. And performing a transaction procedure on the computer screen, wherein the program includes the step of: executing information on the condition of the cargo and the progress of the procedure of the trade transaction associated with the cargo. Can be displayed.

According to the present invention, parties involved in a trade transaction can execute the procedure of the trade transaction using electronic documents in conjunction with the current position of the cargo. Furthermore, by using the technology of smart contract, it is possible to automatically execute the procedure of the trade transaction.

It is a figure for demonstrating the procedure of the trade transaction concerning one Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure for demonstrating the interlocking | linkage of the procedure of the trade transaction, and the states, such as the present position of goods, concerning one Embodiment of this invention. It is a functional block diagram of the person concerned of the trade transaction concerning one embodiment of the present invention. It is a transition diagram showing the state of the document about the trade transaction concerning one embodiment of the present invention. It is an example of the interlocking | linkage information database of the trade transaction concerning one Embodiment of this invention. FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the relationship between FIG. 6A, FIG. 6B and FIG. 6C. It is an example of the screen displayed by the software for performing the procedure of the trade transaction concerning one Embodiment of this invention. It is an example of the screen displayed by the software for performing the procedure of the trade transaction concerning one Embodiment of this invention. It is an example of the screen displayed by the software for performing the procedure of the trade transaction concerning one Embodiment of this invention.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In this specification, importers / exporters, forwarders, shipping companies, banks, insurance companies are described as an example of parties involved in trade transactions, but the present invention is not limited to these, and Related parties may include customs, manufacturers of exported goods, companies selling imported goods, competent authorities in importing and exporting countries, calibration vendors, etc. Moreover, although the case of sea transport is described herein, the present invention is not limited to this, and can also be applied to the case of air transportation. Further, “the condition of the cargo” is, for example, the current position where the cargo or container exists, the presence or absence of breakage of the cargo, the temperature of the place where the cargo exists, the vibration of the cargo, and the like.

First, with reference to FIG. 1, the main procedure of the trade transaction according to one embodiment of the present invention will be described. In the present invention, documents for various procedures of trade transactions are computerized and managed. In addition, when each following step is performed simultaneously, when replaced and performed, a part may be abbreviate | omitted.

In step 1 (S1), the exporter (that is, seller) 101 and the importer (that is, buyer) 102 conclude a sales contract for goods and the like. Then, the computer of the importer 102 can create a purchase order (P / O: Purchase Order) addressed to the exporter 101. Thereafter, the computer of the exporter 101 can create a sales written for the importer 102 (S / N: Sales Note). Thereafter, the importer 102 can check the contents of the sales written (S / N) created by the exporter 101 computer on the importer 102 computer. Further, the computer of the importer 102 can create a written offer (S / N) to be returned to the exporter 101.
In step 2 (S2), the forwarder (also referred to as a freight forwarding company) 103 arranges that freight such as goods is carried to a predetermined place such as a bonded area. It is assumed that the exporter 101 requests the forwarder 103 for a shipping procedure, a customs clearance procedure, and the like. However, the present invention can also be applied to the case where the forwarder 103 is not used.
In step 3 (S3), the computer of the shipping company 104 can create a booking confirmation (B / C: Booking Confirmation) addressed to the forwarder 103. Also, the computer of the shipping company 104 can create a bill for the forwarder 103.
In step 4 (S4), at least one of the computer of the exporter 101 and the computer of the importer 102 can apply for insurance such as marine insurance and trade insurance to the

insurance company

105, 106. Also, the computers of the

insurance companies

105 and 106 can create and issue insurance policies for insurance applied by the computers of the exporter 101 and the importer 102.
In step 5 (S5), the computer of the exporter 101 prepares shipping documents (eg, a commercial invoice (C / I: Commercial Invoice) and a packing list (P / L: Packaging List) addressed to the importer 102). can do. Also, the computer of the exporter 101 can create a shipping instruction (S / I: Sipping Instruction) addressed to the forwarder 103.
In step 6 (S6), the computer of the forwarder 103 can create a dock receipt (D / R: Dock Receipt) addressed to the shipping company 104.
In step 7 (S7), the computer of the shipping company 104 can create a bill of lading (B / L: bill of lading) addressed to the forwarder 103.
In step 8 (S8), the computer of the exporter 101 can create a shipping advice (S / A) addressed to the importer 102.
In step 9 (S9), the computer of the shipping company 107 can create a cargo arrival notice (A / N: Arrival Notice) addressed to the importer 102.
In step 10 (S10), the shipping company 107 and the forwarder 108 arrange for unloading.
In step 11 (S11), the cargo arrives at the importer 102.
In step 12 (S12), the bank 109 at the import location pays for the commodity etc. to the bank 110 at the export location.

Here, the procedures for filing export and import declarations (that is, procedures for customs clearance) that are usually performed in the exporting country and the importing country are described. On the exporting country side, when exporting goods (for example, when the goods are carried into the bonded area of the exporting country), the exporter 101 has to make an export declaration to the customs of the exporting country. The exporter 101 or the forwarder 103 submits the required documents (such as an export approval application form) to the customs and receives an export permit. On the other hand, in the importing country side, when importing goods (for example, when the goods are carried into the bonded area of the importing country), the importer 102 has to make an import declaration to the customs of the importing country. It does not. The importer 102 or the forwarder 108 can obtain an import permit if the necessary documents (import approval application etc.) are submitted to the customs and the tax is paid. Documents submitted to Customs by Exporter 101 or Importer 102 etc. include, for example, export approval application, import approval application, credit check report, offer sheet, consular invoice, certificate of origin, certificate of weight and volume , Inspection certificate, hygiene certificate etc.

Here, the application of the block chain technology is described. In the present invention, each computer involved in a trade transaction such as an importer / exporter, forwarder, shipping company, bank, insurance company, etc. can be made a participant of the block chain. Thus, one party's computer can broadcast transaction data (eg, created document data) to all of the party's computers. In addition, computers involved in trade transactions can share data of various documents relating to the trade transactions on a block chain (distributed ledger). In other words, purchase order (P / O), sales written (S / N), booking confirmation (B / C) and bill, commercial invoice (C / I), packing slip (P / L), shipping request (S / I), dock receipt (D / R), bill of lading (B / L), shipping notice (S / A), arrival notice (A / N), export approval application, import approval application, credit Data such as survey reports, offer sheets, consular invoices, certificates of origin, weight-to-volume certificates, inspection certificates, hygiene certificates etc. may be shared among computers of parties involved in trade transactions. In addition, each block chain participant can be empowered. For example, for each participant of the block chain, it is possible to set the presence or absence of the right of viewing of each document and the presence or absence of the right of processing (such as input). The above documents are part of documents relating to trade transactions, and the present invention can also include other documents such as letters of credit (L / C).

Next, with reference to FIG. 2, an interlocking process of the trade transaction and the state of the present position of the cargo according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described.

According to the present invention, the procedure of the trade transaction can be interlocked with the transportation status of the cargo by acquiring information on the status such as the current position of the cargo. The left side of FIG. 2 shows an example of the procedure of the trade transaction, and the right side of FIG. 2 shows an example of the present position of the cargo. Steps 1 (S1) to 12 (S12) on the left side of FIG. 2 are the same as steps 1 (S1) to 12 (S12) of FIG.

In step 1 (S1), cargo such as goods is under the control of the exporter 101. For example, cargo is stored in a warehouse or the like of a manufacturer that produces export products.

In step 2 (S2), the cargo is delivered from the exporter 101 to the forwarder 103 and managed. The forwarder 103 can arrange for the cargo to be transported to a predetermined place such as a bonded area. For example, upon completion of preparation and confirmation of data of necessary documents (for example, purchase order and sales contract), the computer of the forwarder 103 displays on the screen a message instructing the forwarder 103 to arrange to carry in the cargo. can do.

In step 3 (S3) to step 5 (S5), the cargo is carried into a bonded warehouse or the like.

In step 3 (S3), when the cargo arrives at a predetermined place, the computer of the shipping company 104 can create a booking confirmation addressed to the forwarder 103 and broadcast it to the computers of all the parties concerned. In addition to the booking confirmation, a bill may also be created and sent. That is, the person in charge of the shipping company 104 can input data for creating a booking confirmation or a bill in synchronization with the current position of the cargo (or the computer of the shipping company 104 can automatically make a booking confirmation or Bills can be created) and broadcast booking confirmations and bills will be valid within the relevant parties.

In step 4 (S4), the computer of the

insurance company

105, 106 is able to start guaranteeing the cargo from the moment the cargo passes through the predetermined place, or the cargo when the cargo passes through the predetermined place The contract of the insurance which can end the guarantee for can be exchanged with the exporter 101 or the importer 102. In addition, computers of the

insurance companies

105 and 106 can enter into an insurance contract which can set a guarantee period on an hourly basis. Furthermore, the computer of the

insurance company

105, 106 can execute the following processing by acquiring information on the status of the cargo. For example, the computers of the

insurance companies

105, 106 can automatically execute the payment of insurance if damage to the cargo is detected. Also, the computer of the

insurance company

105, 106 can automatically execute the insurance payment when it is detected that the temperature of the cargo is inappropriate (for example, frozen products are stored at normal temperature). Also, the computer of the

insurance company

105, 106 can automatically execute the insurance payment when it is detected that the container is moving too much on the ship (that is, the breakage is found). That is, it is possible to enable or disable the security in conjunction with the current position of the cargo, or to automatically execute the payment of insurance in conjunction with the condition of the cargo.

In step 5 (S5), when the data of the necessary documents are created, the computer of the exporter 101 displays on the screen a message instructing the exporter 101 to prepare the shipping documents and shipping request. be able to.

In step 6 (S6), for example, when the container containing the cargo arrives at the container yard of the shipping company 104, the computer of the forwarder 103 creates a dock receipt addressed to the shipping company 104 to the computers of all the parties concerned. It can be broadcast. That is, in response to the current position of the cargo, the person in charge of the forwarder 103 can input data for creating the dock receipt (or the computer of the forwarder 103 can automatically create the dock receipt), Also, broadcasted dock receipts are enabled within the party.

In step 7 (S7), for example, the computer of the shipping company 104 is addressed to the forwarder 103 when the container arrives at a predetermined place and creation of data of the necessary documents (for example, dock receipt) is completed. A bill of lading can be created and broadcast to the computers of all parties. In other words, the person in charge of the shipping company 104 can input data for creating the bill of lading according to the current position of the cargo and the preparation status of the necessary documents (or the computer of the shipping company 104 automatically carries out the loading) Securities can be created), and the broadcast bill of lading is valid within the relevant parties.

In step 8 (S8), for example, the computer of the exporter 101 creates a shipping notification addressed to the importer 102 when the container is loaded on the ship and the shipping is completed, and broadcasts it to the computers of all the parties concerned. can do. That is, the person in charge of the exporter 101 can input data for creating the shipping notice (or the computer of the exporter 101 can automatically create the shipping notice) in conjunction with the current position of the cargo. Also, broadcasted shipping notifications are enabled within the party.

In step 9 (S9), the computer of the shipping company 107 creates cargo arrival information for the importer 102 when the cargo (that is, the ship) passes a predetermined place on the sea, and It can be broadcast to a computer. In other words, the person in charge of the shipping company 107 can input data for creating the cargo arrival guidance (or the computer of the shipping company 107 can automatically create the arrival guidance) in conjunction with the current position of the cargo. Also, broadcasted cargo arrival guidance is enabled within the party.

In step 10 (S10), the shipping company 107 and the forwarder 108 can arrange unloading. For example, the computer of the shipping company 107 and the forwarder 108 unloads when the cargo (i.e., the ship) passes a predetermined place on the sea (e.g., the place where the ship passes several days before arrival at the port of import). A message can be displayed on the screen instructing the shipping company 107 and the person in charge of the forwarder 108 to make an arrangement.

In step 11 (S11), the importer 102 receives the cargo. Thereafter, the freight is transported from the importer 102 to the import sales company or the like.

In step 12 (S12), payment for goods etc. is made from the bank 109 at the import location to the bank 110 at the export location. For example, when cargo such as goods arrives at the importer 102, payment of goods etc. may be automatically made from the bank 109 at the import place to the bank 110 at the export place. Alternatively, a partial payment of the payment may be made automatically (for example, half of the payment may be made when the cargo passes through the customs at the import location) when the cargo passes the predetermined place. May be

The bank 110 at the export location (ie, the bank used by the exporter 101) and the bank 109 at the import location (ie, the bank used by the importer 102) are automatically linked to the situation such as the current location of the cargo. Various payments can be made. For example, when the cargo arrives at a predetermined place, the bank 110 at the export location pays from the exporter 101 to the forwarder 103 (including the filing fee to the customs, etc.) and from the exporter 101 to the shipping company 104 can do.

Here, the link between export and import declaration procedures and the status of the current position of the cargo will be described. In the exporting country, the computer of the forwarder 103 (or the exporter 101) may send a document (e.g., an export approval application) to the customs of the exporting country when the cargo arrives at a predetermined place (for example, within the bonded area of the exporting country). ) Can be created and broadcast to all parties' computers. That is, in conjunction with the current position of the cargo, the person in charge of forwarder 103 can input data for creating a document for customs (or the computer of forwarder 103 can automatically create a document for customs) Also, the broadcasted documents for customs will be valid within the relevant parties. Further, in conjunction with the current position of the cargo, the computer of the forwarder 103 can transmit the document addressed to the customs of the exporting country to a customs server (not shown) that accepts the export declaration. On the other hand, in the importing country, the computer of the forwarder 108 (or the importer 102) may send a document (import approval application) to the customs of the importing country when the cargo arrives at a predetermined place (for example, within the bonded area of the importing country). Can be created and broadcast to the computers of all parties. That is, in conjunction with the current position of the cargo, the person in charge of the forwarder 108 can input data for creating the document for the customs (or the computer of the forwarder 108 can automatically create the document for the customs) Also, the broadcasted documents for customs will be valid within the relevant parties. Further, in conjunction with the current position of the cargo, the computer of the forwarder 108 can transmit documents addressed to the customs of the importing country to a customs server (not shown) that accepts import declarations.

Here, a method of acquiring the state of the current position of the cargo will be described. Although an exemplary method will be described below, the present invention is not limited to these methods, and any method capable of acquiring the status such as the current position of the cargo can be adopted. Information on the status of the current position and the like of the cargo thus obtained may be shared on the computer of the importer / exporter, forwarder, shipping company, bank, insurance company who is a participant of the block chain. In addition, when the technique of a block chain is not applied, the server which manages the data which show states, such as the present position of goods, is installed.

For example, information on the status such as the current position of the cargo may be acquired for each cargo (for example, for each commodity to be imported or exported, or for each commodity packaged in a predetermined quantity). Alternatively, status information such as the current position of the cargo may be obtained for each container. That is, by acquiring information on the state such as the current position of the container, the state such as the current position of the cargo in the container can be grasped. In addition, a sensor (for example, an RFIC tag, a beacon), a transmitter, or the like may be attached to the cargo or container, for acquiring the current position of the cargo or container, presence or absence of breakage, temperature, vibration and the like. In the case of sensors, the reader of the sensor may be located at the location where the cargo or container passes (eg, ships, customs, terminal gates, ports) or the container itself. In the case of a transmitter, data may be transmitted via satellite communications or mobile communications such as 3G / 4G.

FIG. 3 is a functional block diagram of a computer of a person involved in a trade transaction according to an embodiment of the present invention. That is, it is a functional block diagram of each computer of an importer / exporter, a forwarder, a shipping company, a bank, and an insurance company, which are blockchain participants.

The computer 300 is a personal computer or the like including a processor and a memory. One party computer 300 can send and receive data to and from another party computer 300. The computer 300 may include a position information acquisition unit 301, a document creation unit 302, a document transmission unit 303, a document reception unit 304, a position information storage unit 305, a document storage unit 306, and an interlocking information database 307. The computer 300 also includes a storage medium storing a program for operating the position information acquisition unit 301, the document creation unit 302, the document transmission unit 303, and the document reception unit 304.

The computers 300 of a plurality of parties involved in a trade transaction are data of position information in the position information storage unit 305, data of documents in the document storage unit 306, data of the interlocking information database 307, regarding the trade transaction. Can be shared on the blockchain. When the block chain technology is not applied, a server is installed to manage data of positional information in the positional information storage unit 305, data of documents in the document storage unit 306, and data of the interlocking information database 307.

The position information acquisition unit 301 can acquire information on the current position or the like of the cargo or container from a reader that has read the sensor of the cargo or container, or a transmitter attached to the cargo or container. The position information acquisition unit 301 can store data of information of the acquired state such as the current position in the position information storage unit 305. Each cargo is managed in association with information (for example, a purchase order (P / O) number) for identifying a trade transaction of the cargo.

Documents preparing part 302, documents concerning trade transaction (purchase order (P / O), sales written (S / N), booking confirmation (B / C) and bill, commercial invoice (C / I), packing specification (P / L), shipping request (S / I), dock receipt (D / R), bill of lading (B / L), shipping notification (S / A), arrival notice (A / N), export approval Application form, import approval application form, credit report, offer sheet, consular invoice, certificate of origin, weight and volume certificate, inspection certificate, health certificate etc.) can be prepared. In addition, the document creation unit 302 can store data of the created document in the document storage unit 306. Each document is managed in association with information (for example, a purchase order (P / O) number) for identifying the trade transaction of the document.

Here, the method of preparing the documents related to the trade transaction will be described. A document relating to a trade transaction (eg, a purchase order) is created by inputting to the computer 300 data of information that is the basis of the trade transaction (for example, a person in charge of a company who is the importer). It can be done. In addition, the trade transaction related party (for example, a person in charge of a company who is the exporter) inputs the data of information to be added to the already existing document (for example, the purchase order) into the computer 300. Documents (e.g., sales written) may be created. When the cargo arrives at a predetermined place, the computer 300 can display on the screen a message instructing a person in charge to input data of information to be added. For example, the computer 300 which has created a document may transmit a message to the other computer 300 instructing the person in charge to input data of information to be added. In another embodiment, the computer 300 acquires data of information that is the basis of the trade transaction and data of information to be added from a database (not shown) without requiring input by the person in charge, Documents on trade transactions can be created automatically. Hereinafter, a specific example will be described with reference to FIG.

FIG. 4 is a transition diagram showing the state of documents relating to a trade transaction according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 4, the data of the purchase order created by the computer of the importer 102 is stored in the document storage unit 306 as master data (information on which the trade transaction is based). Subsequently, a sales written note, a confirmed sales written note, a booking confirmation ... can be created by adding data to the master data (ie, the purchase order).

Return to FIG. The document transmission unit 303 can transmit the document created by the document creation unit 302 to another computer 300. For example, the document transmission unit 303 can broadcast the data of the document to the computers 300 of all the participants. Alternatively, for example, the document transmission unit 303 can transmit document data or information for specifying a document to a computer 300 of a person who should deliver the document, using a notification unit such as an electronic mail. In this manner, the computer 300 of one party adds information to the document created by the computer 300 to the computer 300 of the party who is to perform the procedure next (that is, the computer 300 for creating the document next). Can be notified.

The document reception unit 304 can receive a document created by another computer 300 from another computer 300. For example, the document reception unit 304 can receive document data broadcasted from the computer 300 of another party. Alternatively, for example, the document reception unit 304 can receive data of a document from the computer 300 of another party using notification means such as an electronic mail.

The position information storage unit 305 can store data indicating information on a state such as the current position of the cargo acquired by the position information acquisition unit 301. Each cargo is managed in association with information (for example, a purchase order (P / O) number) for identifying a trade transaction of the cargo.

The document storage unit 306 can store data of documents related to the trade transaction created by the document creation unit 302. Each document is managed in association with information (for example, a purchase order (P / O) number) for identifying the trade transaction of the document.

The interlocking information database 307 stores conditions that must be satisfied in order for the procedure of the trade transaction (for example, creation and transmission of documents) to be performed. Hereinafter, a specific example will be described with reference to FIG.

FIG. 5: is an example of the interlocking | linkage information database of the trade transaction concerning one Embodiment of this invention. The “trade transaction identifier” is an identifier for identifying a trade transaction. For example, the “trade transaction identifier” is a purchase order number assigned to each purchase order (P / O). "Documents" is the document concerning the trade transaction. For example, “documents” are purchase order (P / O), sales written (S / N), booking confirmation (B / C) and bill, commercial invoice (C / I), packing specification (P / L) Shipping request (S / I), dock receipt (D / R), bill of lading (B / L), shipping notification (S / A), cargo arrival information (A / N). The "execution process" is the content of the process to be executed when the necessary condition is satisfied. For example, the “execution process” may be creating a document, transmitting the document by broadcast to all the parties, transmitting an information for specifying the document or the document to a specific party by e-mail, etc., the computer 300 The display of the message on the screen, the conclusion of the insurance contract, the start and end of the guarantee, the payment of the insurance, the payment for the imported and exported goods, and the payment from the exporter to the forwarder and shipping company. The "creator" is a creator of the document specified in the "execution process". The “destination” is a party to whom the document designated in the “execution process” should be delivered. The “condition” is a condition that must be satisfied in order for the process specified in the “execution process” to be performed. For example, "condition" is the condition of the cargo (current position, presence or absence of breakage, temperature, vibration, etc.), completion of preparation of the document, and completion of confirmation of the document.

Here, the application of the smart contract technology on the block chain will be described. In the present invention, the computer 300 participating in the block chain automatically executes the process defined in the “execution process” when the condition defined in the “condition” of the interlocking information database 307 is satisfied. be able to.

6A-6C are an example of a screen displayed by software for executing a procedure of a trade transaction according to an embodiment of the present invention. The computers 300 involved in the trade transaction can display the screens as shown in FIGS. 6A to 6C. As shown in FIGS. 6A to 6C, the parties involved in the trade transaction should grasp at a glance the progress of the procedure of the trade transaction ("Process Status") and the transportation status of the cargo ("Cargo Location"). Can.

Thus, in the present invention, the procedure of the trade transaction associated with the cargo (for example, creation and transmission of documents relating to the trade transaction) can be performed based on the information of the state such as the current position of the cargo. Also, by using the technology of the smart contract, the procedure of the trade transaction can be executed automatically.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the above embodiments are merely examples, and the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and can be implemented in various different forms within the scope of the technical idea thereof. It goes without saying that it is good.

Further, the scope of the present invention is not limited to the illustrated and described exemplary embodiments, but also includes all the embodiments that bring about the same effects as the object of the present invention. Further, the scope of the present invention is not limited to the combination of the features of the invention as defined by the claims, but can be defined by any desired combination of specific features of all the disclosed respective features. .

101 Exporter 102 Importer 103 Forwarder 104 Shipping Company 105 Insurance Company 106 Insurance Company 107 Shipping Company 108 Forwarder Bank 109 Imported Bank 110 Exported Bank 300 Computer 301 Location Information Acquisition Department 302 Documents Preparation Department 303 Documents Transmission Department 304 Documents Received Part 305 Position information storage part 306 Document storage part 307 Interlocking information database

Claims

On the computer
Obtaining cargo status information;
Executing a trade transaction procedure associated with the cargo based on the status information.
A program capable of displaying on the screen of the computer the status information of the cargo and the progress of the procedure of the trade transaction associated with the cargo.
The first computer,
Get freight status information,
A first computer configured to execute a trade transaction procedure associated with the cargo based on the status information.
The procedure of the trade transaction includes preparation of documents relating to the trade transaction, transmission of documents relating to the trade transaction to a second computer, display of a message on a screen of the first computer or the second computer, and insurance The first computer according to claim 2, characterized in that it is at least one of contract conclusion, start or end of security, payment of insurance, payment for the cargo, payment for the trade transaction. .
Connecting to the second computer configured to add data to the document received from the first computer based on the status information and send the document to which the data has been added to a third computer The first computer according to claim 3, characterized in that:
The first computer according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the procedure of the trade transaction is executed by a smart contract on a block chain.
A trade transaction system comprising a plurality of computers, wherein the plurality of computers participate in a block chain, and the plurality of computers include at least a first computer and a second computer,
The first computer is configured to create purchase order data for an exporter and to broadcast data of the created purchase order to at least the second computer, the broadcasted purchase order being Enabled by at least the first computer and the second computer,
The second computer creates data of a document for import declaration based on data of the purchase order when the cargo associated with the purchase order arrives at a bonded area of the importing country, and the creation Configured to broadcast data of a document for import declaration to at least the first computer, the document for broadcasted import declaration comprising at least the first computer and the second computer A trade transaction system characterized by being
A trade transaction system comprising a plurality of computers, wherein the plurality of computers participate in a block chain, and the plurality of computers include at least a first computer and a second computer,
The first computer is configured to receive by broadcast data of a purchase order for the exporter, and the broadcast purchase order is validated by at least the first computer and the second computer.
The second computer creates data of a document for export declaration based on data of the purchase order when the cargo associated with the purchase order arrives at the bonded area of the exporting country, and the creation Configured to broadcast data of a document for export declaration to at least the first computer, the document for broadcasted export declaration comprising at least the first computer and the second computer A trade transaction system characterized by being
A method performed by the first computer,
Obtaining cargo status information;
Executing a trade transaction procedure associated with the cargo based on the status information.