JP6718980B2 - Systems, methods and programs for trade transactions - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a technique for proceeding with a trade transaction in association with the current position of an imported/exported cargo.

In a trade transaction where an overseas business partner buys or sells a product, various paper documents are exchanged between a large number of parties involved in the trade transaction. For example, persons involved in trade transactions such as importers/exporters, forwarders, shipping companies, customs, banks, and insurance companies prepare documents for various procedures and give them to predetermined parties. Many of these documents are prepared and sent according to the shipping conditions of the goods to be imported and exported.

JP, 2011-96060, A JP, 2005-310037, A JP, 2002-321446, A

However, conventionally, there has been a problem that the transportation of the cargo and the delivery of the documents are not properly linked, such that the necessary documents have not yet arrived when the cargo arrived. The technology for digitizing documents relating to trade transactions (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2) and making it possible to inquire the status of cargo (see, for example, paragraphs [0081]-[0087] of Patent Document 3) is Although disclosed, none of the patent documents takes into consideration the fact that documents are prepared and sent according to the transportation status of the cargo to proceed with the procedure.

By the way, recently, in various fields, application of smart contract technology capable of automating a contract on a blockchain is being considered. Applying the technology of smart contract, it is possible to automatically execute a transaction when a predefined condition is satisfied.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object thereof is to provide a means by which a person involved in a trade transaction can appropriately proceed with the procedure of the trade transaction in accordance with the cargo transport situation. To provide.

In order to achieve such an object, a program, which is one embodiment of the present invention, includes a step of acquiring information on the status of a cargo in a computer, and a trade associated with the cargo based on the status information. A program for executing a method including the step of executing a transaction procedure, wherein the status information of the cargo and the progress status of the trade transaction procedure associated with the cargo are displayed on the screen of the computer. Can be displayed on.

According to the present invention, the person involved in the trade transaction can execute the procedure of the trade transaction by using the electronic document in association with the current position of the cargo. Furthermore, by using the smart contract technology, it is possible to automatically execute the trade transaction procedure.

It is a figure for demonstrating the procedure of the trade transaction concerning one Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure for demonstrating the interlocking|linkage with the procedure of the trade transaction concerning one Embodiment of this invention, and the states, such as the present position of goods. FIG. 3 is a functional block diagram of a computer of a person involved in a trade transaction according to the embodiment of the present invention. It is a transition diagram showing a state of a document concerning a trade transaction concerning one embodiment of the present invention. 1 is an example of a trade transaction interlocking information database according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the relationship between FIGS. 6A, 6B, and 6C. It is an example of the screen displayed by the software for performing the procedure of the trade transaction concerning one Embodiment of this invention. It is an example of the screen displayed by the software for performing the procedure of the trade transaction concerning one Embodiment of this invention. It is an example of the screen displayed by the software for performing the procedure of the trade transaction concerning one Embodiment of this invention.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In addition, although an importer/exporter, a forwarder, a shipping company, a bank, and an insurance company will be described as an example of a person involved in the trade transaction in the present specification, the present invention is not limited to these and is not limited to the trade transaction. Related parties may include customs, manufacturers of export products, sales companies of imported products, competent authorities of importing and exporting countries, and calibrators. Further, although the case of marine transportation is described in the present specification, the present invention is not limited to this and can be applied to the case of air transportation. Further, the "state of cargo" is, for example, the current position of the cargo or container, the presence or absence of damage to the cargo, the temperature of the place where the cargo exists, the vibration of the cargo, and the like.

First, with reference to FIG. 1, a main procedure of a trade transaction according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described. In the present invention, documents for various procedures for trade transactions are managed electronically. The following steps may be performed at the same time, interchanged, or partially omitted.

In step 1 (S1), the exporter (that is, the seller) 101 and the importer (that is, the buyer) 102 conclude a sales contract for a product or the like. Then, the computer of the importer 102 can create a purchase order (P/O: Purchase Order) addressed to the exporter 101. After that, the computer of the exporter 101 can create a sales note (S/N: Sales Note) addressed to the importer 102. After that, the importer 102 can confirm the contents of the sales contract (S/N) created by the computer of the exporter 101 on the computer of the importer 102. Further, the computer of the importer 102 can create a sales contract (S/N) for sending back to the exporter 101.
In step 2 (S2), the forwarder (also referred to as a freight carrier) 103 arranges for freight such as goods to be delivered to a predetermined place such as a bonded area. Note that the exporter 101 requests the forwarder 103 for shipping procedures, customs clearance procedures, and the like. However, the present invention can also be applied to the case where the forwarder 103 is not used.
In step 3 (S3), the computer of the shipping company 104 can create a booking confirmation (B/C: Booking Confirmation) addressed to the forwarder 103. In addition, the computer of the shipping company 104 can create a bill addressed to the forwarder 103.
At step 4 (S4), at least one of the computer of the exporter 101 and the computer of the importer 102 can apply for insurance such as marine insurance and trade insurance to the insurance companies 105 and 106. Further, the computers of the insurance companies 105 and 106 can create and issue insurance policies for insurance applied by the computers of the exporter 101 and the importer 102.
In step 5 (S5), the computer of the exporter 101 creates shipping documents (for example, a commercial invoice (C/I: Commercial Invoice) and a packing list (P/L: Packing List) addressed to the importer 102). can do. Further, the computer of the exporter 101 can create a shipping request form (S/I: Sipping Instruction) addressed to the forwarder 103.
In step 6 (S6), the computer of the forwarder 103 can create a dock receipt (D/R: Dock Receipt) addressed to the shipping company 104.
In step 7 (S7), the computer of the shipping company 104 can create a bill of lading (B/L: Bill of Lading) addressed to the forwarder 103.
In step 8 (S8), the computer of the exporter 101 can create a shipping advice (S/A: Shipping Advice) addressed to the importer 102.
In step 9 (S9), the computer of the shipping company 107 can create a cargo arrival notice (A/N: Arrival Notice) addressed to the importer 102.
-In step 10 (S10), the shipping company 107 and the forwarder 108 arrange unloading.
In step 11 (S11), the cargo arrives at the importer 102.
In step 12 (S12), the price of the product etc. is paid from the bank 109 of the importing place to the bank 110 of the exporting place.

Here, the export and import declaration procedures (that is, procedures for customs clearance) usually performed in the exporting and importing countries will be described. On the exporting country side, when exporting the cargo (for example, when the cargo is brought into the bonded area of the exporting country), the exporter 101 must declare the export to the customs office of the exporting country. The exporter 101 or the forwarder 103 submits necessary documents (export approval application, etc.) to the customs office and receives the export license. On the other hand, on the importing country side, when importing the cargo (for example, when the cargo is brought into the bonded area of the importing country), the importer 102 must declare the import to the customs office of the importing country. It doesn't happen. When the importer 102 or the forwarder 108 submits necessary documents (import approval application etc.) to the customs office and pays the tax, the importer 102 or the forwarder 108 can obtain the import permit. Documents submitted by the exporter 101 or the importer 102 to the customs are, for example, export approval application, import approval application, credit check report, offer sheet, consular invoice, certificate of origin, weight and volume certificate. , Inspection certificate, hygiene certificate, etc.

Here, application of the blockchain technology will be described. In the present invention, each computer of a person involved in trade transactions such as an importer/exporter, a forwarder, a shipping company, a bank, and an insurance company can be a block chain participant. As such, a party's computer can broadcast transaction data (e.g., document data created) to all parties' computers. Further, the computer of the person involved in the trade transaction can share the data of various documents related to the trade transaction on the block chain (distributed ledger). In other words, purchase order (P/O), sales contract (S/N), booking confirmation (B/C) and invoice, commercial invoice (C/I), packing list (P/L), shipping request form (S/I), dock receipt (D/R), bill of lading (B/L), shipping notice (S/A), cargo arrival guide (A/N), export approval application, import approval application, credit Data such as survey reports, offer sheets, consular invoices, certificates of origin, weight and volume certificates, inspection certificates, hygiene certificates, etc. can be shared between computers of parties involved in trade transactions. Furthermore, it is possible to grant authority to each participant in the blockchain. For example, for each participant of the block chain, it is possible to set the presence/absence of authority to view each document and the authority to perform processing (such as input). The above-mentioned documents are a part of documents relating to trade transactions, and the present invention may include other documents such as a letter of credit (L/C).

Next, with reference to FIG. 2, a description will be given of the interlocking between the procedure of the trade transaction and the state of the current position of the cargo according to the embodiment of the present invention.

According to the present invention, it is possible to obtain information on the state of the cargo such as the current position and link the procedure of the trade transaction with the transportation status of the cargo. The left side of FIG. 2 shows an example of a trade transaction procedure, and the right side of FIG. 2 shows an example of the current position of cargo. Note that steps 1 (S1) to 12 (S12) on the left side of FIG. 2 are the same as steps 1 (S1) to 12 (S12) of FIG.

In step 1 (S1), the cargo such as goods exists under the control of the exporter 101. For example, cargo is stored in a warehouse or the like of a manufacturer that manufactures export products.

In step 2 (S2), the cargo is delivered from the exporter 101 to the forwarder 103 and managed. The forwarder 103 can arrange the cargo to be delivered to a predetermined place such as a bonded area. For example, the computer of the forwarder 103 displays a message on the screen instructing the forwarder 103 to arrange the delivery of cargo when the data of necessary documents (eg, purchase order or sales contract) is created and confirmed. can do.

In step 3 (S3) to step 5 (S5), the cargo is carried into a bonded warehouse or the like.

In step 3 (S3), when the cargo arrives at a predetermined location, the computer of the shipping company 104 can create a booking confirmation for the forwarder 103 and broadcast it to the computers of all parties. Invoices may be created and sent in addition to the booking confirmation. That is, the person in charge of the shipping company 104 can input data for creating a booking confirmation or an invoice in association with the current position of the cargo (or the computer of the shipping company 104 can automatically enter the booking confirmation or You will be able to create invoices) and broadcast booking confirmations and invoices will be valid within the parties involved.

In step 4 (S4), the computers of the insurance companies 105 and 106 provide insurance that can start guaranteeing the cargo from the time when the cargo passes a predetermined place, or the cargo when the cargo passes the predetermined place. An insurance contract that can terminate the guarantee for the exporter 101 and the importer 102. In addition, the computers of the insurance companies 105 and 106 can make an insurance contract in which a warranty period can be set in units of hours. Further, the computers of the insurance companies 105 and 106 can perform the following processing by acquiring the information on the state of the cargo. For example, the computers of insurance companies 105, 106 can automatically execute insurance payments when cargo damage is detected. Further, the computers of the insurance companies 105 and 106 can automatically execute the insurance payment when it is detected that the temperature of the cargo is inappropriate (for example, frozen products are stored at room temperature). In addition, the computers of the insurance companies 105 and 106 can automatically execute insurance payment when it is detected that the container is moving too much (that is, damaged) on the ship. That is, it is possible to enable or disable the security in association with the current position of the cargo, and to automatically execute insurance payment in association with the status of the cargo.

In step 5 (S5), the computer of the exporter 101 displays a message on the screen instructing the exporter 101 to create the shipping document and the shipping request when the data of the required documents are completed. be able to.

In step 6 (S6), for example, when the container containing the cargo arrives at the container yard of the shipping company 104, the computer of the forwarder 103 creates a dock receipt addressed to the shipping company 104 and sends it to the computers of all parties concerned. Can be broadcast. That is, the person in charge of the forwarder 103 can input the data for creating the dock receipt (or the computer of the forwarder 103 can automatically create the dock receipt) in synchronization with the current position of the cargo. Also, the broadcast dock receipt will be valid within the parties concerned.

In step 7 (S7), for example, the computer of the shipping company 104 sends the data to the forwarder 103 to the forwarder 103 when the container arrives at a predetermined place and the data of the required documents (eg, dock receipt) is completed. Bills of lading can be created and broadcast to all interested computers. In other words, the person in charge of the shipping company 104 can input the data for creating the bill of lading depending on the current position of the cargo and the preparation status of the necessary documents (or the computer of the shipping company 104 can automatically load the cargo. The bill of lading can now be created) and the bill of lading broadcast will be valid within the parties concerned.

In step 8 (S8), for example, the computer of the exporter 101 creates a shipping notice addressed to the importer 102 and broadcasts it to the computers of all parties when the container is loaded onto the ship and the shipping is completed. can do. That is, the person in charge of the exporter 101 can input the data for creating the shipping notification in association with the current position of the cargo (or the computer of the exporter 101 can automatically create the shipping notification). Also, the broadcast shipping notice will be valid within the parties concerned.

In step 9 (S9), the computer of the shipping company 107 creates a cargo arrival guide addressed to the importer 102 at the time when the cargo (that is, the ship) passes through a predetermined place on the sea, and all the parties concerned are informed. It can be broadcast to computers. That is, the person in charge of the shipping company 107 can input the data for creating the cargo arrival guide in association with the current position of the cargo (or the computer of the shipping company 107 can automatically create the arrival guide). In addition, the broadcasted freight arrival information will be valid within the parties concerned.

In step 10 (S10), the shipping company 107 and the forwarder 108 can arrange unloading. For example, when a cargo (ie, a ship) passes a given location on the sea (eg, a location a few days before the ship arrives at the port of import), the computer of the shipping company 107 and the forwarder 108 may unload the cargo. A message may be displayed on the screen instructing personnel in charge of the shipping company 107 and the forwarder 108 to make arrangements.

In step 11 (S11), the importer 102 receives the cargo. After that, the cargo will be transported from the importer 102 to the sales company of the imported goods.

In step 12 (S12), payment for the product etc. is made from the bank 109 at the importing place to the bank 110 at the exporting place. For example, when a cargo such as a commodity arrives at the importer 102, payment of the commodity or the like may be automatically made from the bank 109 of the importing place to the bank 110 of the exporting place. Alternatively, some payments will be automatically paid when the cargo passes a certain place (for example, half of the payment will be paid when the cargo passes the customs of the place of import). May be.

The bank 110 of the export place (that is, the bank used by the exporter 101) and the bank 109 of the import place (that is, the bank used by the importer 102) are automatically linked with the situation such as the current position of the cargo. Various payments can be made. For example, when the cargo arrives at a predetermined place, the bank 110 at the export location executes the payment from the exporter 101 to the forwarder 103 (including the cost to declare to the customs) and the payment from the exporter 101 to the shipping company 104. can do.

Here, the linkage between the export and import declaration procedures and the status of the current location of the cargo will be described. On the exporting country side, the computer of the forwarder 103 (which may be the exporter 101), when the cargo arrives at a predetermined place (for example, in the bonded area of the exporting country), documents to the customs of the exporting country (export approval application etc. ) Can be created and broadcast to all interested parties' computers. That is, the person in charge of the forwarder 103 can input the data for creating the document addressed to the customs office in association with the current position of the cargo (or the computer of the forwarder 103 can automatically create the document addressed to the customs office). And the broadcast of the customs-delivered documents will be valid within the parties concerned. Further, in conjunction with the current position of the cargo, the computer of the forwarder 103 can transmit the document addressed to the customs office of the exporting country to the server (not shown) of the customs office which accepts the export declaration. On the other hand, on the importing country side, the computer of the forwarder 108 (which may be the importer 102) is configured so that when the cargo arrives at a predetermined place (for example, within the bonded area of the importing country), the document to the customs of the importing country (import approval application) Can be created and broadcast to all interested parties' computers. That is, the person in charge of the forwarder 108 can input the data for creating the document addressed to the customs office in association with the current position of the cargo (or the computer of the forwarder 108 can automatically create the document addressed to the customs office). And the broadcast of the customs-delivered documents will be valid within the parties concerned. Further, in conjunction with the current position of the cargo, the computer of the forwarder 108 can transmit the document addressed to the customs office of the importing country to the server (not shown) of the customs office which accepts the import declaration.

Here, a method for acquiring the status such as the current position of the cargo will be described. Although exemplary methods will be described below, the present invention is not limited to these methods, and any method that can acquire the status of the cargo such as the current position can be adopted. The information on the status such as the current position of the cargo thus acquired can be shared on the computers of importers/exporters, forwarders, shipping companies, banks, and insurance companies who are participants of the blockchain. In addition, when the block chain technology is not applied, a server for managing data indicating the current position of the cargo and the like is installed.

For example, the information such as the current position of the freight can be acquired for each freight (for example, for each merchandise to be imported/exported or for each merchandise packed in a predetermined quantity). Alternatively, status information such as the current location of the cargo can be acquired for each container. That is, by acquiring the information on the current position of the container and the like, the current position and the like of the cargo in the container can be grasped. Further, a sensor (for example, an RFIC tag, a beacon) for acquiring the current position of the cargo or container, the presence or absence of damage, temperature, vibration, etc., a transmitter, etc. may be attached to the cargo or container. In the case of a sensor, a reader for the sensor may be installed at the place where the cargo or container passes (eg, ship, customs, terminal gate, port) or the container itself. In the case of a transmitter, data can be transmitted by satellite communication or mobile communication such as 3G/4G.

FIG. 3 is a functional block diagram of a computer of a person involved in the trade transaction according to the embodiment of the present invention. In other words, it is a functional block diagram of computers of importers/exporters, forwarders, shipping companies, banks, and insurance companies that are participants of the blockchain.

The computer 300 is a personal computer or the like including a processor and a memory. The computer 300 of a person concerned can send and receive data to and from the computer 300 of another person concerned. The computer 300 can include a position information acquisition unit 301, a document creation unit 302, a document transmission unit 303, a document reception unit 304, a position information storage unit 305, a document storage unit 306, and an interlocking information database 307. The computer 300 also includes a storage medium that stores a program for operating the position information acquisition unit 301, the document creation unit 302, the document transmission unit 303, and the document reception unit 304.

Each computer 300 of a plurality of parties involved in a certain trade transaction has the position information data in the position information storage unit 305, the document data in the document storage unit 306, and the data in the interlocking information database 307 regarding the trade transaction. Can be shared on the blockchain. When the block chain technology is not applied, a server that manages position information data in the position information storage unit 305, document data in the document storage unit 306, and data in the interlocking information database 307 is installed.

The position information acquisition unit 301 can acquire the status information such as the current position of the cargo or container from a reader that has read the sensor of the cargo or container or a transmitter attached to the cargo or container. The position information acquisition unit 301 can store the acquired data of the state information such as the current position in the position information storage unit 305. Each cargo is managed in association with information (for example, a purchase order (P/O) number) for identifying the trade transaction of the cargo.

The document creation unit 302 is a document related to trade transactions (purchase order (P/O), sales contract (S/N), booking confirmation (B/C) and invoice, commercial invoice (C/I), packing list. (P/L), shipping request form (S/I), dock receipt (D/R), bill of lading (B/L), shipping notice (S/A), freight arrival guide (A/N), export approval Applications, import approval applications, credit check reports, offer sheets, consular invoices, certificates of origin, weight and volume certificates, inspection certificates, sanitation certificates, etc.) can be created. Further, the document creation unit 302 can store the data of the created document in the document storage unit 306. Each document is managed in association with information (for example, purchase order (P/O) number) for identifying the trade transaction of the document.

Here, a method of creating documents relating to trade transactions will be described. A person involved in a trade transaction (for example, a person in charge of a company that is an importer) inputs data of information that is the basis of the trade transaction into the computer 300, thereby creating a document regarding the trade transaction (for example, a purchase order). Can be done. In addition, a person involved in the trade transaction (for example, a person in charge of the company that is the exporter) inputs data of information to be added to an already existing document (for example, a purchase order) into the computer 300, thereby relating to the trade transaction. Documents (eg, sales agreements) can be created. When the cargo arrives in place, computer 300 can display a message on the screen instructing the person in charge to enter the data for the information to be added. For example, the computer 300 that created a certain document may send a message to another computer 300 instructing a person in charge to input data of information to be added. As another embodiment, the computer 300 obtains the data of the information that is the basis of the trade transaction and the data of the information that should be added from a database (not shown) without inputting the person in charge. Documents related to trade transactions can be created automatically. Hereinafter, a specific example will be described with reference to FIG.

FIG. 4 is a transition diagram showing a state of a document regarding a trade transaction according to the embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 4, the purchase order data created by the computer of the importer 102 is stored in the document storage unit 306 as master data (information that is the basis of the trade transaction). Thereafter, a sales contract, a confirmed sales contract, a booking confirmation,... Can be created by adding data to the master data (that is, the purchase order).

Return to FIG. The document sending unit 303 can send the document created by the document creating unit 302 to another computer 300. For example, the document transmitting unit 303 can broadcast the document data to the computers 300 of all the parties. Alternatively, for example, the document transmitting unit 303 can transmit the data of the document or the information for specifying the document to the computer 300 of the person to whom the document is to be delivered by using a notification means such as an electronic mail. As described above, the computer 300 of a certain party adds information to the document created by the computer 300 to the computer 300 of the person who should perform the procedure next (that is, the computer 300 that should produce the next document). You can be notified to do so.

The document receiving unit 304 can receive a document created by another computer 300 from another computer 300. For example, the document receiving unit 304 can receive the document data broadcast from the computers 300 of other parties. Alternatively, for example, the document receiving unit 304 can receive the document data from the computer 300 of another related person using a notification unit such as an electronic mail.

The position information storage unit 305 can store data indicating the state information such as the current position of the cargo acquired by the position information acquisition unit 301. Each cargo is managed in association with information (for example, a purchase order (P/O) number) for identifying the trade transaction of the cargo.

The document storage unit 306 can store the data of documents related to trade transactions created by the document creation unit 302. Each document is managed in association with information (for example, purchase order (P/O) number) for identifying the trade transaction of the document.

The interlocking information database 307 stores the conditions that must be met in order to execute a trade transaction procedure (for example, document creation and transmission). Hereinafter, a specific example will be described with reference to FIG.

FIG. 5 is an example of a trade transaction interlocking information database according to an embodiment of the present invention. The “trade transaction identifier” is an identifier for identifying a trade transaction. For example, the “trade transaction identifier” is a purchase order number assigned to each purchase order (P/O). The "document" is a document relating to the trade transaction. For example, "Documents" include purchase orders (P/O), sales contracts (S/N), booking confirmations (B/C) and invoices, commercial invoices (C/I), packing slips (P/L). ), shipping request form (S/I), dock receipt (D/R), bill of lading (B/L), shipping notice (S/A), and cargo arrival guide (A/N). The “execution process” is the content of the process executed when the necessary conditions are satisfied. For example, the “execution process” is to create a document, broadcast the document to all parties, send the document or information for identifying the document to a specific party by e-mail, etc., the computer 300. Message display on the screen, conclusion of insurance contract, start and end of insurance, payment of insurance money, payment of goods imported and exported, payment from exporter to shipping company. The “creator” is the creator of the document specified in the “execution process”. The "destination" is a person to whom the document specified in the "execution process" should be delivered. The “condition” is a condition that must be satisfied for the process specified by the “execution process” to be executed. For example, the "condition" is the state of the cargo (current position, presence or absence of damage, temperature, vibration, etc.), completion of preparation of documents, and completion of confirmation of documents.

Here, the application of the smart contract technology on the block chain will be described. In the present invention, the computer 300 participating in the blockchain automatically executes the process defined in the “execution process” when the condition defined in the “condition” of the interlocking information database 307 is satisfied. be able to.

6A to 6C are examples of screens displayed by the software for executing the procedure of the trade transaction according to the embodiment of the present invention. Each computer 300 of the person involved in the trade transaction can display the screens shown in FIGS. 6A to 6C. As shown in FIGS. 6A to 6C, the parties involved in the trade transaction should understand at a glance the progress status of the trade transaction procedure (“Process Status”) and the transportation status of the cargo (“Cargo Location”). You can

As described above, in the present invention, the procedure of the trade transaction associated with the cargo (for example, creation and transmission of documents relating to the trade transaction) can be executed based on the state information such as the current position of the cargo. Further, by using the smart contract technology, the trade transaction procedure can be automatically executed.

So far, the embodiments of the present invention have been described, but the above embodiments are merely examples, and the present invention is not limited to the above described embodiments, and may be carried out in various different forms within the scope of the technical idea thereof. It goes without saying that it is good.

Moreover, the scope of the present invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiments shown and described, but also includes all embodiments that bring about equivalent effects to the objects of the present invention. Furthermore, the scope of the present invention is not limited to the combination of inventive features defined by each claim, but can be defined by any desired combination of specific features of each and every disclosed feature. ..

101 Exporter 102 Importer 103 Forwarder 104 Shipping Company 105 Insurance Company 106 Insurance Company 107 Shipping Company 108 Forwarder 109 Bank of Import Area 110 Bank of Export Area 300 Computer 301 Location Information Acquisition Department 302 Document Creation Department 303 Document Transmission Department 304 Document Reception Department 305 Position information storage 306 Document storage 307 Interlocking information database

Claims (7)

To the first computer participating in the blockchain and communicatively connected to the second computer,
Obtaining status information of the cargo via a reader that reads the cargo sensor or a transmitter attached to the cargo;
If the conditions associated with the information of the state of the cargo is satisfied, perform a method comprising the steps performed by the smart contract associated with said condition, the procedure of trade associated with the cargo on the block chain Is a program for
A program capable of displaying, on the screen of the first computer, information on the status of the cargo and the progress status of the trade transaction procedure associated with the cargo. A first computer participating in the blockchain and communicatively connected to a second computer,
Obtaining information on the status of the cargo via a reader that reads the cargo sensor or a transmitter attached to the cargo,
When a condition associated with the status information of the cargo is satisfied, a procedure of a trade transaction associated with the cargo associated with the condition is executed by a smart contract on the block chain. A first computer characterized by: The procedure of the trade transaction includes preparing documents relating to the trade transaction, transmitting the documents relating to the trade transaction to a second computer, displaying a message on the screen of the first computer or the second computer, insurance. The first computer according to claim 2, wherein the first computer is at least one of a contract conclusion, start or end of guarantee, payment of insurance money, payment of the cargo, and payment related to the trade transaction. .. The second computer is configured to add data to the document received from the first computer based on the information on the state of the cargo and transmit the document with the added data to the third computer. first computer according to claim 3, characterized in that it is. A trade transaction system comprising a plurality of computers, wherein the plurality of computers participates in a blockchain, and the plurality of computers includes at least a first computer and a second computer,
The first computer is configured to create purchase order data addressed to the exporter and broadcast the created purchase order data to at least the second computer. , it enabled Oite at least said first computer and said second computer,
The second computer , based on the status information of the cargo acquired through a reader that reads a sensor of the cargo or a transmitter attached to the cargo, holds the cargo associated with the purchase order in the importing country. When it is determined that the area has arrived, the data of the document for import declaration is created based on the data of the purchase order, and the data of the created document for import declaration is at least the first data. trade system is configured to broadcast to the computer, documents for filing the broadcasted imports, characterized in that the enabled Oite at least said first computer and said second computer. A trade transaction system comprising a plurality of computers, wherein the plurality of computers participates in a blockchain, and the plurality of computers includes at least a first computer and a second computer,
The first computer is configured to receive the broadcast data of purchase orders exporter addressed, the broadcasted purchase order, effective Oite at least the first computer and the second computer Becomes
Said second computer, said cargo associated with the purchase order based on the state of the cargo information acquired via a transmitter attached to the reader or the cargo reading cargo sensors exporter When it is determined that the goods have arrived in the bonded area, the data of the document for export declaration is created based on the data of the purchase order, and the data of the created document for export declaration is at least the first data. is configured to broadcast to the computer, documents for the broadcasted export declaration, trade system characterized by comprising enabling Oite at least said first computer and said second computer. A method performed by a first computer participating in a blockchain and communicatively connected to a second computer, the method comprising:
Obtaining information on the status of the cargo via a reader that reads a cargo sensor or a transmitter attached to the cargo;
Executing a trade transaction procedure associated with the cargo associated with the condition with a smart contract on the block chain if the condition associated with the cargo status information is satisfied. And how to.

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