WO2019002792A1

WO2019002792A1 - Rolling assembly having a rim, the flange of which forms a support of increased axial width

Info

Publication number: WO2019002792A1
Application number: PCT/FR2018/051611
Authority: WO
Inventors: Daniel Walser
Original assignee: Compagnie Generale Des Etablissements Michelin; Maxion Wheels U.S.A. Llc
Priority date: 2017-06-30
Filing date: 2018-06-29
Publication date: 2019-01-03
Also published as: PL3645304T3; CN110799351B; US20200215850A1; US11472229B2; EP3645304B1; CN110799351A; EP3645304A1; CA3067411A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a rolling assembly comprising a tyre (2) having two beads (21), a rim (3) and at least one flexible expander (1) intended to provide the connection between one of the beads (21) and the rim (3), the rim having a rim flange (32), said expander (1) comprising an axially inner end (10), an axially outer end (11) and a body (12) that is oriented mainly axially and is disposed between said axially outer end (11) and said axially inner end (10), said axially inner end (10) being immobilized on said rim, said expander (1) having an expander seat (13) intended to receive a tyre (2) bead (21), said expander seat being extended axially outwards by a shoulder that axially immobilizes said tyre (2) bead (21), said tyre (2) bead (21) having an axial width WB at the interface of the bead (21) with the expander seat (13), characterized in that said rim flange (32) extends axially under the bead (21) by a distance S such that the ratio S/WB is greater than 0.1.

Description

ROLLING ASSEMBLY COMPRISING A RIM HAVING THE SIDE FORM A WIDE AXIAL WIDTH SUPPORT

Field of the invention

The invention relates to a rolling assembly consisting of a tire, a rigid rim and a connection between tire and rim flexible extender. A tire comprises, as is known, two beads intended to be mounted on seats. The present invention relates to roller assemblies in which a tire bead is not mounted directly on a rigid rim, but is mounted on a flexible stent, which is mounted on a rim.

A tire, a rim, and a stent referred to in the present invention are usually described by a representation in a meridian plane, that is to say a plane containing the axis of rotation of the tire. . All these products (a tire, a rim, a stent) are objects having a geometry of revolution with respect to their axis of rotation. The radial and axial directions respectively designate the directions, the first, perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the tire, and the second, parallel to the axis of rotation of the tire. In what follows, the expressions "radially" and "axially" respectively mean "in a radial direction" and "in the axial direction". The terms "radially inner or radially outer" mean "closer or farther away from the axis of rotation of the tire in a radial direction". A median plane is a plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the tire, positioned axially so as to cut the surface of the tread substantially midway of the beads of a tire. The terms "axially inner, respectively axially outer" mean "closer or more distant respectively, the median plane of the tire in the axial direction." The terms "radially inner or radially outer" mean "closer or farther away from the axis of rotation in the radial direction". Finally, remember again that "radial section" or "radial section" means a section or section in a plane that contains the axis of rotation of the rim (and the tire of which it is equipped).

State of the art

In WO2016 / 046197, it is proposed to insert a flexible expander between a tire bead and a rim. The reader will refer for example to Figure 5 of this document to become acquainted with a rolling assembly belonging to the field of the invention. It shows a rolling assembly comprising a tire, a rim and two identical stents. Considering the language conventions recalled above, and in Referring to the manner in which such a stent is mounted on a rim, such an expander comprises, axially from the inside to the outside, an axially inner end called a stent bead and intended to ensure attachment of the stent on the rim. Such a stent also includes an axially outer end for receiving and axially immobilizing a tire bead. A body connects the two ends respectively axially inner and axially outer.

[0004] The stents are mounted on a rim which is mostly an aluminum piece. The rim has on each side a rim hook intended to ensure in particular the axial immobilization of the stent. Another function of this rim hook is to impose on the stent a deformation so as to form a boss (usually known for the rims under the name "hump") that the tire passes through the inflation (as for a tire assembly and conventional rim, without expander). This boss contributes to preventing or delaying the detachment of the tire when used at an abnormally low inflation pressure (it is known that, in the event of unsticking, the guiding capacity of the tire is greatly diminished and even disappears if the tire leaves the rim, which becomes very likely).

The radial height of the rim hook, for the roller sets with expander, was chosen during the exploratory work by adopting a hook type "B" as described by the ETRTO (height 14.1 mm + or - 0.6 ), while, most frequently, the hooks for passenger vehicle wheels are of type "J" (height 17.3 mm + or - 0.6). Such a hook B, which is described in the present high hook memory, certainly has the advantage of contributing to good decoupling values pneumatic assemblies / rims usual (low pressure), but in the context of a mounting with expanders, it also poses problems.

[0006] On the one hand, the hump is large enough to lead to inflating pressure values that are too great for the simple installation of the tire mounted on a rim with stents. On the other hand, this hook imposes on the stent a large deformation where it radially overhangs. Indeed, the natural form of the expander at the mold outlet, in the state free of any stress, is substantially cylindrical (in fact very slightly conical), of diameter much smaller than the diameter measured at the top of the metal hook. The introduction of the expander therefore imposes a large radial local deformation on the stent. As at this point the reinforcements within the stent are generally of "cross-carcass" type, the stent opposes this deformation a great resistance. This results in a great deal of pressure between the expander and the metal hook at the location of the boss comparable to a conventional hump dejante.

Due to the good adhesion between the rubber and aluminum, it is understood that a certain portion of the axial force generated by the tire under pressure and tending to stretch axially the expander is partly resumed at of this interface, whereas It would be preferable, in order to assure an isostatic mounting of the stent, that all this effort should be resumed by the support on the metal hook of the heel of the stent. As it is, the fact that the positioning of the expander is not clearly defined since not necessarily identically in place throughout its perimeter leads to geometrical irregularities, themselves responsible for vibrations in the rolling for reasons of non-compliance. uniformities.

[0008] The observations of the applicant thus led him to deviate from the usual rules of construction of the rims.

Brief description of the invention

This objective has been achieved, surprisingly, departing from the previous teachings according to which the tire bead should not overhang, radially, the rim.

The invention therefore relates to a roller assembly comprising a tire having two beads, a rim and at least one flexible extender for ensuring the junction between one of the beads and the rim, the rim having a rim flange said stent including an axially inner end, an axially outer end and a predominantly axially oriented body and disposed between said axially outer end and said axially inner end, said axially inner end being immobilized on said rim, said stent including a stent seat for receiving a tire bead, said extender seat being extended axially outwardly by a shoulder axially immobilizing said tire bead, said tire bead having an axial width WB at the bead interface with the seat on a stent, characterized in that said rebo rd dé rante comprises a radially outer bearing surface which extends axially under the bead over a distance S such that the ratio S WB is greater than 0, 1.

[001 1] According to the state of the art, the stents mounted on a metal rim actually form the seat of the tire, as to its ability to absorb shocks radially. They bring more radial flexibility to the rolling assembly. While it was thought that it was not possible to significantly improve this ability to absorb shocks if the bead of the tire is not axially completely outside the rim, it was found that it is possible to maintain a certain radial flexibility combined at the same time with excellent stamina endurance and improved handling performance (which is known to be all the better as the tire is capable of developing pressure surges; major drifts favorable to the rigorous transverse guidance of the vehicle) by arranging a tilting of the bead of the tire as well as a displacement radially towards the axis of rotation of the rolling assembly. The extension under the bead of the tire of the radially outer bearing surface of the rim flange actually makes it possible to improve the handling performance of the rolling assembly relative to rolling assembly geometries presented for example in the cited document WO2016 / 046197.

The invention provides a new function to the rim, namely, by the rigid scope has radially under the tip of the tire bead, substantially conforming to the shape of the expander, provide a rigid support that imposes the tire d initiating a tilting movement which does not interfere with a sufficient radial displacement of the bead when considering the axially outermost part thereof.

Preferably, the ratio S / WB is less than 1.

Indeed, beyond 1, the improvement observed in the guiding capacity of the wheel assembly is no longer sensitive and the impact resistance performance may no longer be optimal.

Preferably, the ratio S / WB is between 0.2 and 0.8 and very preferably between 0.25 and 0.75. This allows a good optimum rolling properties of the rolling assembly while maintaining a remarkable resistance to shocks oriented radially, such as shocks sidewalks or potholes.

Preferably, the radially outer bearing surface of the rim flange comprises a substantially frustoconical portion; advantageously, the angle α of said frustoconical bearing face is between 5 ° and 30 °.

The observations show that the endurance performance against radially oriented shocks is comparable to, or even better than, what is obtained by applying the teachings of the state of the art. Preferably, the rolling assembly comprises two stents which provide the junction between the mounting rim and the two beads of the tire.

Each stent is flexible; By this is meant that it is elastically deformable by allowing, seen in meridian section, a flexion and a radial displacement without leaving the elastic domain, at the operating stress, during the use of the pneumatic tire at nominal pressure. It should be noted that the axial deformation of the expander is practically negligible during normal operation of the inflated tire at nominal pressure.

The rim is preferably made of a material selected from steel or alloys of aluminum and / or magnesium, composite materials based on carbon fibers, glass fibers, aramid fibers, of vegetable fibers, said fibers being included in a matrix based on thermosetting compounds or thermoplastic compounds, or in a complex compound comprising an elastomer and a complex based on resin and fibers selected from carbon fibers, glass fibers , aramid fibers, vegetable fibers or from any combination of materials. As regards other aspects of the rim itself or the expander per se, the reader is referred to WO2015 / 086662 and WO2016 / 046197 aforementioned.

Description of the Figures

The invention is described hereinafter with reference to FIGS. 1 to 7, given by way of illustration only:

FIG. 1 is a meridian section of a rolling assembly with a rim according to the invention,

FIG. 2 is an enlargement of the left part of the assembly,

FIG. 3 is a partial meridian section of a rim according to the invention,

FIGS. 4 and 5 show a test of resistance to sidewalk impact, respectively in side view and in top view,

FIG. 6 presents rolling-package performance results according to the invention for the side-impact test,

- Figure 7 is a partial meridian section of another embodiment of a rim according to the invention.

Detailed description of the invention

Figure 1 shows a rolling assembly according to the invention. This set comprises two identical stents 1, a tire 2 and a rim 3. The tire 2 comprises two beads 21. In general, note that the choice of rim width is such that, given the width L of the stents (see Figure 2), the tire is in a configuration as similar as possible to the configuration it would have if it were mounted directly, without stents, on a suitable rim.

In particular with reference to Figure 3, we see that the rim 3 has two seats on the rim 31, each extended by a rim 32 de rim. The rim 32 dé rim has a bearing surface 33 radially outer to serve as a support body of the stent. The bearing surface 33 of the rim flange 32 is in contact with the stent 1 when the tire is mounted on the stents and that these are mounted on the rim, the tire being inflated to the nominal pressure. This bearing face 33 comprises a first portion 321 oriented substantially in a plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation DD 'of the rolling assembly, and located radially outwardly relative to said seat on rim 31. The face of support 33 of rim flange 32 includes a second substantially frustoconical portion 322 located axially outside relative to said first portion 321 and at least partially radially outwardly from said rim seat 31, said second portion 322 is substantially frustoconical, with an angle of 15 °. The bearing face 33 includes also a connecting portion 320 between said first portion 321 and said second portion 322. In the example shown, the axial width WR of the rim flange 32 is 18.3 mm.

The marks E and I in Figure 3 indicate the axially outer side of the rim, respectively the axially inner side. The second portion 322 is inclined axially outwards: thus, by extending it axially outwards, the axis DD '(non-scale position relative to the rim 3) is joined to a rejected virtual vertex S axially very far towards the outside, which is symbolized by an arrow under S in FIG.

The invention can be used with many variants of the internal constitution of the tire 2, which are not shown, as well as with many variations of internal constitution extender 1, which are not shown.

Returning to Figure 2, we see that each expander 1 has an axially inner end 10 to be mounted on one of said seats on the rim 31. It has an axially outer end 1 1 and a body 12 oriented substantially axially and disposed between said axially outer end 11 and said axially inner end 10. The body 12 has a radially inner face 122. The axially inner end 10 of the stent has an axial positioning face 101 substantially perpendicular to the axis of rotation DD ', and is immobilized by being pressed axially against the flange 32 of the rim, under the effect of the inflation pressure of the rolling assembly. The axially outer end 1 1 has a shoulder January 1 forming part of a substantially perpendicular to the axis of rotation DD '. Said stent 1 comprises a seat on the stent 13. The bead 21 has an axial width WB at the interface of the bead 21 with the seat on the stent 13. The bead 21 is immobilized by being pressed axially against said axially outer end 1 1 of the expander, under the effect of the inflation pressure of the rolling assembly.

Extending the trace of the shoulder 1 1 1 of the axially outer end 11 radially inwards and extending the seat trace on the expander 13, we obtain a point which is the trace of a circle of D-ι diameter, which itself corresponds to the normalized diameter of the tire of the assembly using the extender 1 according to the invention. By prolonging the trace of the axial positioning face 101 radially inwards and extending the trace of the seat on the rim 31, a point is obtained which is the trace of a circle of diameter D ₀ which is the standardized diameter of the seat 31. For information on the standards referred to, the reader should consult the European Tire and Rim Technical Organization (ETRTO) documentation. The height of the rim flange measured between, on the one hand, the point of intersection between the trace of the rim seat 31 and the trace of the radial portion 321 of the rim 32 and, on the other hand, the radially outermost point F of the rim. 32 is 8.5 mm (see Figure 7). This makes it possible to obtain a projection of the stent suitable for maintaining the bead of the tire on the seat on the stent without causing excessive stresses in the structure of the stent. Once the assembly is carried out, the bead of the tire imposes a circumferential contraction of the stent 1. The rim 32 of the rim extends axially under the bead 21 over a distance S such that the ratio S / WB is equal to 0.3. Thus, it can be seen that the radially inner face 122 rests on the radially outer bearing surface 33 of the rim flange 32 over its entire axial width WR, which is 18.3 mm and is much larger than in known embodiments , which forces the bead 21 of the tire to tilt in a rotational movement (in the trigonometric direction for the side of the tire 2 shown in Figure 2) when it undergoes a significant radial load increase.

Figure 7 shows a partial meridian section an alternative embodiment of a rim according to one of the objects of the invention. The identical references correspond to identical or similar parts.

This rim 3 differs from that illustrated in Figure 3 by a substantially cylindrical rim seat 310 between two transition zones 31 1 and 312 and a greatly reduced axial width P, of the order of 15.3 mm. These two modifications make it possible to lock the expander bead of the expander 1 as soon as it is mounted on the rim in the service position without having to rely on the inflation pressure of the rolling assembly when the tire is mounted on the rim assembly. and expander.

The curb impact resistance was quantified by passing the rolling assemblies on a sidewalk 50 of 90 mm high with an angle β of 60 ° with respect to the direction of advance of the tire (an angle of 90 ° corresponding at a direction perpendicular to the direction of travel of the tire, see Figures 4 and 5); the edge of the pavement has a radius of curvature of 10 mm; successive passes are made at different speeds until the tire loses its inflation pressure or until the tire or the expander or the wheel is deformed permanently and is acquired for each passage efforts transmitted to the sidewalk and / or the hub on the vehicle. A reference assembly is compared to an assembly according to the invention. The reference assembly T1 is a conventional set without expander comprising a tire 245/35 R 20 MICHELIN ® type PS4S, and a rim width of 8 inches, the rim being that of the hook J. As shown in Figure 4, the wheels 4 of the tested roller assemblies are spoke wheels 42.

Four sets comprising stents were tested with values of the ratio S / WB variables:

• The first E1, with a rim as shown in Figure 3 has a ratio S / WB equal to 0.27;

· The second E2 with a rim as shown in Figure 7 has a ratio S / WB equal to 0.27; • The third E3 with a rim as shown in Figure 7 has a ratio S / WB equal to 0.49; and

• The fourth E4 with a rim as shown in Figure 7 has a ratio S / WB equal to 0.70.

The results of the sidewalk tests are presented in FIG. 6.

The graph of Figure 6 shows the abscissa speed of advance of the tire in km / h and the ordinate the maximum value of the radial force measured on the ground during the shock expressed in daN.

The control roller assembly T1 without stents has a blister flank from the test at 18 km / h and a puncture at 20 km / h.

For the four sets with stents, throughout the range of speeds tested, no tire has shown damage although the maximum values of the radial forces increase very significantly with the speed.

It should be noted that the maximum values of the radial forces are significantly different depending on the location of the shock on the wheel. Fz is higher if the impact is on a spoke of the wheel relative to a collision between two rays.

As a result, it is not possible to differentiate the results for these four sets, it is noted however that the increase in the S / WB ratio does not decrease the resistance of the assembly to curb shocks even if an increase radial forces seem to emerge as the value of the S / WB ratio increases.

For the rolling assembly E1, there was a permanent deformation of the wheel at the shock of 42 km / h. The best resistance of the other three roller assemblies according to the invention may be related to the modification of the geometry of the rim flange as well as to the outward extension of the rim flange.

In contrast, during behavior tests there was a significant improvement in driving accuracy with the increase of the S / WB ratio.

The rolling assembly according to the invention therefore makes it possible to very significantly improve the vehicle guidance while maintaining a very good impact resistance capacity.

Claims

claims

Roller assembly comprising a tire (2) having two beads (21), a rim (3) and at least one flexible expander (1) for joining one of the beads (21) and the rim (3), the rim having a rim flange (32), said stent (1) comprising an axially inner end (10), an axially outer end (1 1) and a body (12) oriented mainly axially and disposed between said axially outer end ( 1 1) and said axially inner end (10), said axially inner end (10) being immobilized on said rim, said stent (1) having a stent seat (13) for receiving a tire bead (21) (2). ), said extender seat (13) being extended axially outwards by a shoulder (1 1 1) axially immobilizing said bead (21) of tire (2), said bead (21) of tire (2) having a width axial WB to the bead interface (21) with the extender seat (13), characterized in that said rim flange (32) has a radially outer bearing surface (33) which extends axially under the bead (21) on a distance S such that the ratio S / WB is greater than 0.1.

Roller assembly according to claim 1, wherein the ratio S WB is less than 1.

Rolling assembly according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the S / WB ratio is between 0.2 and 0.8.

Rolling assembly according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the S / WB ratio is between 0.25 and 0.75.

A rolling assembly as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein said rim (3) has a rim seat (31), which rim seat (31) is extended axially outwardly by said rim flange (32), and wherein said axially inner end (10) of said stent is immobilized by being axially pressed against said rim flange (32).

Rolling assembly according to one of the preceding claims wherein the radially outer bearing surface (322) of said flange (32) of rim (3) comprises a portion (322) substantially frustoconical.

Roller assembly according to claim 6, wherein the orientation of said frustoconical bearing face is such that the virtual vertex (S) determined by extending the frustoconical faces is located axially outside.

Roller assembly according to claim 7, wherein the angle a of said frustoconical bearing face is between 5 ° and 30 °.

Rolling assembly according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising two identical stents (1).