WO2019000951A1 - 电池充电系统和包含该系统的电动汽车充电站 - Google Patents

电池充电系统和包含该系统的电动汽车充电站 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019000951A1
WO2019000951A1 PCT/CN2018/075260 CN2018075260W WO2019000951A1 WO 2019000951 A1 WO2019000951 A1 WO 2019000951A1 CN 2018075260 W CN2018075260 W CN 2018075260W WO 2019000951 A1 WO2019000951 A1 WO 2019000951A1
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Prior art keywords
charging
battery
module
communication
monitoring module
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PCT/CN2018/075260
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
林海岩
李楠
丁习坤
田小涛
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蔚来汽车有限公司
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Publication of WO2019000951A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019000951A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/30—Constructional details of charging stations
    • B60L53/305—Communication interfaces
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H02J7/0036—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits using connection detecting circuits
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
    • B60L53/14—Conductive energy transfer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
    • B60L53/63—Monitoring or controlling charging stations in response to network capacity
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
    • B60L53/66—Data transfer between charging stations and vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
    • B60L58/21—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules having the same nominal voltage
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0047—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with monitoring or indicating devices or circuits
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/80—Time limits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H01M10/4257—Smart batteries, e.g. electronic circuits inside the housing of the cells or batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2310/00—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load
    • H02J2310/40—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle
    • H02J2310/48—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle for electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/16—Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S10/00—Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y04S10/12—Monitoring or controlling equipment for energy generation units, e.g. distributed energy generation [DER] or load-side generation
    • Y04S10/126—Monitoring or controlling equipment for energy generation units, e.g. distributed energy generation [DER] or load-side generation the energy generation units being or involving electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV], i.e. power aggregation of EV or HEV, vehicle to grid arrangements [V2G]

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to new energy vehicle technology, and more particularly to a battery charging system for charging an electric vehicle and an electric vehicle charging station including the same.
  • the automotive industry is investing a lot of manpower and material resources to develop new types of vehicles, such as electric vehicles, that use electricity as a power source.
  • new types of vehicles such as electric vehicles
  • the prospects for new energy vehicles are widely optimistic.
  • the energy supplement of the battery is a prominent problem.
  • the battery is used to store electrical energy.
  • the energy density of the currently developed electric vehicle is not high, which limits the cruising range after each charge. Therefore, providing cost-effective charging resources is an important aspect to make new energy vehicles acceptable to the market.
  • a battery charging system in accordance with an aspect of the invention includes:
  • each battery charging unit comprising:
  • the charging module being configured to be adapted to charge a plurality of battery packs
  • the power switching module includes a plurality of charging channels, wherein each of the plurality of battery groups establishes a charging connection with the charging module via respective corresponding charging channels;
  • the communication switching module comprising a plurality of communication channels, wherein each of the plurality of battery groups establishes a communication connection with the charging module via a respective corresponding communication channel;
  • a local monitoring module configured to be coupled to the power switching module and the communication switching module in each of the battery charging units, and for each of the battery charging units, the local monitoring module is further configured to When it is determined that the charging operation of the currently charged battery pack is to be ended, the charging channel and the communication channel corresponding to the battery pack are disconnected, and
  • the charging channel and the communication channel corresponding to other battery packs in the plurality of battery packs that need to be charged are turned on.
  • the local monitoring module ensures that the charging module of each of the battery charging units establishes a corresponding charging connection and a communication connection with only one of the plurality of battery groups when charging.
  • the local monitoring module ensures that the charging module of each of the battery charging units establishes a corresponding charging connection with only one of the plurality of battery packs during charging by means of an interlocking mechanism.
  • the communication opening board is further included, and the local monitoring module is connected to the power switching module and the communication switching module of each of the battery charging units via the communication opening and closing board.
  • the local monitoring module determines whether it is necessary to end the charging operation according to the status information of the currently charged battery pack.
  • the local monitoring module communicates with the battery management system of the battery pack via the communication switching module to receive the charging request and the status information of the battery pack.
  • each of the charging channels includes a normally open DC contactor
  • the local monitoring module controls the on/off state of the charging channel by controlling the normally open DC contactor
  • the communication of the charging module of each of the battery charging units with the battery management system of the battery pack and the communication with the local monitoring module adopts a CAN bus protocol.
  • An electric vehicle charging station in accordance with an aspect of the present invention comprises:
  • At least one battery charging system as described above At least one battery charging system as described above;
  • a remote monitoring module configured to communicate with a local monitoring module of the battery charging system.
  • the communication between the remote monitoring module and the local monitoring module adopts an Ethernet communication protocol.
  • the battery charging system can automatically switch the charging operation between the battery packs, thereby effectively improving the utilization rate of the charging device, thereby reducing the investment and operating costs of the charging station.
  • the safety of the operation of the device is improved by ensuring that the charging module of each battery charging unit establishes only a corresponding charging connection and communication connection with one of the plurality of battery units.
  • the hierarchical monitoring architecture including the remote monitoring module and the local monitoring module enables the user to adopt a corresponding monitoring strategy according to actual needs.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a battery charging system in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a flow chart of an automatic charging switching method applicable to the embodiment shown in FIG. 1.
  • 3A is a schematic block diagram of a battery charging system in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention.
  • 3B is a schematic block diagram of a battery charging unit applicable to the battery charging system of the embodiment shown in FIG. 3A.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic block diagram of an electric vehicle charging station in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the electric vehicles described in this specification include pure electric vehicles and plug-in hybrid vehicles.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a battery charging system in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
  • the battery charging system 10 includes a charging module 110, a power switching module 120, a communication switching module 130, and a local monitoring module 140.
  • the charging module 110 is a core component that converts, for example, AC power of an external power source into DC power to effect charging of the battery packs B1-Bn. As shown in FIG. 1, charging module 110 includes at least two communication interfaces to communicate with battery management systems (not shown) and local monitoring module 140 of battery packs B1-Bn, respectively.
  • the power switching module 120 is located between the charging module 110 and the battery packs B1-Bn.
  • the power switching module 120 includes a plurality of switching elements that are controllable in an on-off state, each switching element being coupled between the charging module 110 and one of the plurality of battery packs B1-Bn to form a corresponding charging channel.
  • the charging module 110 is enabled to selectively charge any one of the plurality of battery packs B1-Bn or establish a charging connection with any one of the plurality of battery packs B1-Bn.
  • the communication switching module 130 is located between the charging module 110 and the battery packs B1-Bn to enable the charging module 110 to selectively communicate with the battery management system of any of the plurality of battery packs B1-Bn.
  • the communication switching module 130 includes a plurality of switching elements controllable in an on-off state, each switching element being connected between the charging module 110 and a battery management system of one of the plurality of battery packs B1-Bn to form a corresponding communication. aisle.
  • the charging module 110 can acquire status information of the battery pack and optimize the charging operation based on the status information by means of the established communication connection with the battery management system.
  • the switching element can be, for example, a DC contactor, and more preferably a normally open DC contactor.
  • the communication of the charging module 110 with the battery management system of the battery packs B1-Bn employs a CAN bus protocol.
  • the local monitoring module 140 is configured to be connected to the power switching module 120 and the communication switching module 130 to control the on and off states of the charging channel and the communication channel. For example, the local monitoring module 140 can turn on and off the charging channel and the communication channel by controlling the DC contactor. On the other hand, the local monitoring module 140 can also communicate with the battery management system of the battery packs B1-Bn to receive the charging request and status information of the battery pack. In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the local monitoring module 140 communicates with the battery management system of the battery packs B1-Bn via the communication switching module 130. Preferably, the local monitoring module 140 communicates with the battery management system using a CAN bus protocol.
  • the local monitoring module 140 can also be in communication with the charging module 110 and the remote monitoring module 160.
  • the local monitoring module 140 communicates with the charging module 110 using the CAN bus protocol, and the communication with the remote monitoring module 160 employs an Ethernet communication protocol.
  • the battery charging system 10 shown in FIG. 1 further includes a communication opening plate 150.
  • the local monitoring module 140 can be connected to the power switching module 120 and the communication switching module 130 via the communication opening and closing board 150 to control the on and off states of the charging channel and the communication channel.
  • the local monitoring module 140 should ensure that the charging module 110 establishes a corresponding charging connection and communication connection with only one of the plurality of battery groups B1-Bn during operation. . More preferably, the local monitoring module 140 can ensure a single charging connection, for example by means of an interlocking mechanism.
  • the charging module 110 can implement automatic switching of charging operations between different battery packs B1-Bn.
  • FIG. 2 is a flow chart of an automatic charging switching method applicable to the embodiment shown in FIG. 1.
  • step 201 in which the local monitoring module 140 and the charging module 110 are turned on.
  • the remote monitoring module 160 can also be turned on to provide a remote control function.
  • step 202 the states of the local monitoring module 140, the remote monitoring module 160, and the charging module 110 are queried to determine whether the operation can be performed normally. If yes, the process proceeds to step 203. Otherwise, the process proceeds to step 204 to generate an alarm message of the system abnormality.
  • the local monitoring module 140 receives the message from the battery management system of the battery packs B1-Bn in a polling manner. For example, as shown in FIG. 1, local monitoring module 140 communicates with battery management systems of battery packs B1-Bn via communication open-out board 150 and communication switching module 130 to receive possible charging requests.
  • the local monitoring module 140 determines whether a charging request from the battery management system of the battery packs B1-Bn is received, and if there is a charging request, proceeds to step 206, otherwise returns to step 203.
  • the local monitoring module 140 establishes a communication connection with the battery management system of the battery pack that sent the charging request via the communication open-out board 150 and shields communication with the battery management system of the other battery pack. It should be noted that, in this step, when there are multiple charging requests, the local monitoring module 140 may determine the charging sequence of the battery pack according to the set policy, and establish a communication connection with the battery management system of the battery group with the highest preference. .
  • the local monitoring module 140 communicates with the power switching module 120 via the communication opening and closing board 150, for example, instructing the power switching module 120 to turn on the charging channel corresponding to the battery pack in which the communication connection has been established in step 206 and charging the remaining ones. The channel is locked.
  • the local monitoring module 140 also communicates with the communication switching module 130 via the communication opening and closing board 130, for example, instructing the communication switching module 130 to only open the communication channel corresponding to the battery pack that has established the communication connection in step 206. .
  • the local monitoring module 140 queries the status information of the battery pack in the charged state.
  • the status information described herein includes, for example, but is not limited to, the SOC, temperature, and the like of the battery.
  • step 209 the local monitoring module 140 determines whether the charging of the battery pack is completed according to the status information of the battery pack. If yes, the process proceeds to step 210, otherwise returns to step 208.
  • step 210 the local monitoring module 140 communicates with the power switching module 120 and the communication switching module 130 via the communication opening and closing board 150, for example, instructing the power switching module 120 and the communication switching module 130 to switch the charging channel and the communication channel that are turned on in step 207. To the disconnected state, and the shielding of the battery management system of other battery packs is cancelled. After completing step 210, the method illustrated in FIG. 2 returns to step 203 to automatically charge the next battery pack.
  • all or part of the operations performed by the local monitoring module 140 may also be performed by the remote monitoring module 160.
  • the local monitoring module 140 manages only the operation of a battery charging unit including a charging module, a power switching module, and a communication switching module
  • the present invention can also be extended to the local monitoring module 140. The case where the operation of two or more battery charging units is controlled and managed.
  • FIG. 3A is a schematic block diagram of a battery charging system in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the local monitoring module 140 can simultaneously manage charging operations of a plurality of battery charging units.
  • each of the battery charging units C1-Cn includes a charging module 110, a power switching module 120, and a communication switching module 30, which have the same features, functions, and functions as the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. principle.
  • the local monitoring module 140 can control the charging module, the power switching module, and the communication switching module in each of the battery charging units in the same manner as the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic block diagram of an electric vehicle charging station in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the electric vehicle charging station 1 of the present embodiment includes one or more battery charging systems 10A-10N and a remote monitoring module 20 according to the embodiments described above with reference to FIGS. 1-3, wherein the remote monitoring module 20 It is configured to communicate with a local monitoring module in battery charging systems 10A-10N.

Abstract

一种电池充电系统（10），包含一个或多个电池充电单元，每个电池充电单元包含：充电模块（110），该充电模块（110）配置为适于对多个电池组（B1-Bn）进行充电；动力切换模块（120），该动力切换模块（120）包含多个充电通道，其中，多个电池组（B1-Bn）的每一个经各自对应的充电通道与充电模块（110）建立充电连接；通信切换模块（130），该通信切换模块（130）包含多个通信通道，其中，多个电池组（B1-Bn）的每一个经各自对应的通信通道与充电模块（110）建立通信连接；以及本地监控模块（140），该本地监控模块（140）配置为与每个电池充电单元中的动力切换模块（120）和通信切换模块（130）相连。还提供了一种电动汽车充电站（1）。该电池充电系统可以在电池组之间自动切换充电操作，有效提高了充电设备的利用率，降低了充电站的投资和运营成本。在充电过程中，通过确保每个电池充电单元的充电模块仅与多个电池组的其中一个建立相应的充电连接和通信连接，提高了设备营运的安全性。包含远程监控模块和本地监控模块的层级监控架构使得用户能够根据实际需要采用相应的监控策略。

Description

电池充电系统和包含该系统的电动汽车充电站 技术领域
本发明涉及新能源汽车技术，特别涉及用于为电动汽车充电的电池充电系统和包含该系统的电动汽车充电站。
背景技术
为了大幅减少汽车的二氧化碳排放量，汽车业正在投入大量的人力和物力来研发以电力作为动力源的新型汽车，例如电动汽车。由于对环境影响相对传统汽车较小，新能源汽车的前景被广泛看好。然而，纯电动汽车市场的普及推广还存在不少困难。例如电池的能量补充就是一个比较突出的问题。具体而言，在新型汽车中，电池被用来存储电能，考虑到安全性、成本和使用寿命，目前开发的电动汽车的电池能量密度并不高，这限制了其每次充电后的续航距离，因此提供经济高效的充电资源是使新能源汽车被市场接受的重要方面。
目前充电站常通过扩充充电机数量的办法来满足日益增多的充电需求。但是这种方式存在诸多缺点，例如由于充电设备价格较贵，营运商的投资和维护成本居高不下；再者，城市土地资源的紧张也使一个充电站内拥有的充电机数量受到限制。
因此提供经济高效的充电设备是市场迫切需要的。
发明内容
本发明的一个目的是提供一种电池充电系统，其能够经济高效地提供充电资源。
按照本发明一个方面的电池充电系统包含：
一个或多个电池充电单元，每个电池充电单元包含：
充电模块，所述充电模块配置为适于对多个电池组进行充电；
动力切换模块，所述动力切换模块包含多个充电通道，其中，所述多个电池组的每一个经各自对应的充电通道与所述充电模块建立充电连接；
通信切换模块，所述通信切换模块包含多个通信通道，其中，所述多个电池组的每一个经各自对应的通信通道与所述充电模块建立通信连接；以及
本地监控模块，所述本地监控模块被配置为与每个所述电池充电单元中的动力切换模块和通信切换模块相连，并且对于每个所述电池充电单元，所述本地监控模块还被配置为当确定需结束当前被充电的电池组的充电操作时，断开与该电池组对应的充电通道和通信通道，并且
使对应于多个电池组内其它需要充电的电池组的充电通道和通信通道导通。
优选地，在上述电池充电系统中，所述本地监控模块确保每个所述电池充电单元的充电模块在充电时仅与所述多个电池组的其中一个建立相应的充电连接和通信连接。
优选地，在上述电池充电系统中，所述本地监控模块借助互锁机制确保每个所述电池充电单元的充电模块在充电时仅与所述多个电池组的其中一个建立相应的充电连接。
优选地，在上述电池充电系统中，进一步包含通信开出板，所述本地监控模块经所述通信开出板与各个所述电池充电单元的动力切换模块和通信切换模块相连。
优选地，在上述电池充电系统中，所述本地监控模块根据当前被充电的电池组的状态信息确定是否需要结束充电操作。
优选地，在上述电池充电系统中，所述本地监控模块经所述通信切换模块与电池组的电池管理系统通信以接收充电请求和电池组的状态信息。
优选地，在上述电池充电系统中，每个所述充电通道包括常开直流接触器，所述本地监控模块通过控制所述常开直流接触器实现对所述充电通道的通断状态的控制。
优选地，在上述电池充电系统中，每个所述电池充电单元的充电模块与电池组的电池管理系统的通信以及与所述本地监控模块的通信采用CAN总线协议。
本发明的还有一个目的是提供一种电动汽车充电站，其能够经济高效地提供充电资源。
按照本发明一个方面的电动汽车充电站包含：
至少一个如上所述的电池充电系统；以及
远程监控模块，所述远程监控模块配置为与所述电池充电系统的本地监控模块通信。
优选地，在上述电动汽车充电站中，所述远程监控模块与所述本地监控模块的通信采用以太网通信协议。
与现有技术相比，按照本发明上述各个方面的电池充电系统可以在电池组之间自动切换充电操作，因此有效提高了充电设备的利用率，从而降低充电站的投资和运营成本。此外，在充电过程中，通过确保每个电池充电单元的充电模块仅与多个电池组的其中一个建立相应的充电连接和通信连接，提高了设备营运的安全性。再者，包含远程监控模块和本地监控模块的层级监控架构使得用户能够根据实际需要采用相应的监控策略。
附图说明
本发明的上述和/或其它方面和优点将通过以下结合附图的各个方面的描述变得更加清晰和更容易理解，附图中相同或相似的单元采用相同的标号表示。附图包括：
图1为按照本发明一个实施例的电池充电系统的示意图。
图2为可应用于图1所示实施例的充电自动切换方法的流程图。
图3A为按照本发明另一个实施例的电池充电系统的示意框图。
图3B为可应用于图3A所示实施例的电池充电系统的电池充电单元的示意框图。
图4为按照本发明另一实施例的电动汽车充电站的示意框图。
具体实施方式
下面参照其中图示了本发明示意性实施例的附图更为全面地说明本发明。但本发明可以按不同形式来实现，而不应解读为仅限于本文给出的各实施例。给出的上述各实施例旨在使本文的披露全面完整，以将本发明的保护范围更为全面地传达给本领域技术人员。
在本说明书中，诸如“包含”和“包括”之类的用语表示除了具有在说明书和权利要求书中有直接和明确表述的单元和步骤以外，本发明的技术方案也不排除具有未被直接或明确表述的其它单元和步骤的情形。
诸如“第一”和“第二”之类的用语并不表示单元在时间、空间、大小等方面的顺序而仅仅是作区分各单元之用。
需要指出的是，本说明书中所述的电动汽车包括纯电动汽车和插电混合动力汽车。
图1为按照本发明一个实施例的电池充电系统的示意图。
如图1所示，按照本实施例的电池充电系统10包含充电模块110、动力切换模块120、通信切换模块130和本地监控模块140。
在图1所示的电池充电系统10中，充电模块110为核心部件，其例如将外部电源的交流电能转变为直流电能以实现对电池组B1-Bn的充电。如图1所示，充电模块110至少包含两个通信接口以分别与电池组B1-Bn的电池管理系统(未示出)和本地监控模块140通信。
参见图1，动力切换模块120位于充电模块110与电池组B1-Bn之间。特别是，动力切换模块120包含多个通断状态可控的开关元件，每个开关元件连接在充电模块110与多个电池组B1-Bn的其中一个之间以形成相应的充电通道，由此使得充电模块110能够选择性地对多个电池组B1-Bn中的任意一个进行充电或与多个电池组B1-Bn的任意一个建立充电连接。
再次参见图1，通信切换模块130位于充电模块110与电池组B1-Bn之间以使充电模块110能够选择性地与多个电池组B1-Bn的任意一个的电池管理系统进行通信。特别是，通信切换模块130包含多个通断状态可控的开关元件，每个开关元件连接在充电模块110与多个电池组B1-Bn的其中一个的电池管理系统之间以形成相应的通信通道。在充电过程中，借助于所建立的与电池管理系统的通信连接，充电模块110可以获取电池组的状态信息并基于状态信息优化充电操作。
优选地，上述开关元件例如可以是直流接触器，并且更好地，可以是常开直流接触器。
优选地，充电模块110与电池组B1-Bn的电池管理系统的通信采用CAN 总线协议。
本地监控模块140配置为与动力切换模块120和通信切换模块130相连以控制充电通道和通信通道的通断状态。例如本地监控模块140可通过控制直流接触器实现充电通道和通信通道的导通和关断。另一方面，本地监控模块140还可与电池组B1-Bn的电池管理系统通信以接收充电请求和电池组的状态信息。在本实施例中，如图1所示，本地监控模块140经通信切换模块130与电池组B1-Bn的电池管理系统通信。优选地，本地监控模块140与电池管理系统的通信采用CAN总线协议。
此外，如图1所示，本地监控模块140还可与充电模块110和远程监控模块160通信。优选地，本地监控模块140与充电模块110的通信采用CAN总线协议，而与远程监控模块160的通信采用以太网通信协议。
优选地，图1所示的电池充电系统10还包含通信开出板150。本地监控模块140可经该通信开出板150与动力切换模块120和通信切换模块130相连，从而对充电通道和通信通道的通断状态进行控制。
优选地，在对充电通道和通信通道的通断状态的控制中，本地监控模块140应确保充电模块110在工作时仅与多个电池组B1-Bn的其中一个建立相应的充电连接和通信连接。更好地，本地监控模块140例如可借助互锁机制来确保单一的充电连接。
在本实施例中，优选地，充电模块110可在不同的电池组B1-Bn之间实现充电操作的自动切换。
图2为可应用于图1所示实施例的充电自动切换方法的流程图。
图2所示的流程图开始于步骤201，在该步骤中，开启本地监控模块140和充电模块110。可选地，在本步骤中，还可以开启远程监控模块160以提供远程控制功能。随后进入步骤202，查询本地监控模块140、远程监控模块160和充电模块110的状态以确定是否能够正常运行，如果能，则进入步骤203，否则进入步骤204，生成系统异常的报警消息。
在步骤203，本地监控模块140以轮询方式从电池组B1-Bn的电池管理系统接收消息。例如，如图1所示，本地监控模块140经通信开出板150和通信切换模块130与电池组B1-Bn的电池管理系统通信以接收可能的充 电请求。
在步骤205，本地监控模块140判断是否接收到来自电池组B1-Bn的电池管理系统的充电请求，如果存在充电请求，则进入步骤206，否则返回步骤203。
在步骤206，本地监控模块140经通信开出板150与发送充电请求的电池组的电池管理系统建立通信连接并且屏蔽与其它电池组的电池管理系统的通信。需要指出的是，在本步骤中，当存在多个充电请求时，本地监控模块140可以根据设定的策略确定电池组的充电顺序，并且与优选度最高的电池组的电池管理系统建立通信连接。
随后进入步骤207，本地监控模块140例如经通信开出板150与动力切换模块120通信，指示动力切换模块120开启与步骤206中已经建立通信连接的电池组相对应的充电通道并且将其余的充电通道锁死，与此同时，本地监控模块140还例如经通信开出板150与通信切换模块130通信，指示通信切换模块130仅仅开启与步骤206中已经建立通信连接的电池组相对应的通信通道。
接着进入步骤208，本地监控模块140查询处于充电状态下的电池组的状态信息。这里所述的状态信息例如包括但不限于电池的SOC、温度等。
随后，在步骤209，本地监控模块140根据电池组的状态信息判断对电池组的充电是否完成，如果完成，则进入步骤210，否则返回步骤208。
在步骤210，本地监控模块140例如经通信开出板150与动力切换模块120和通信切换模块130通信，指示动力切换模块120和通信切换模块130将步骤207中导通的充电通道和通信通道切换至断开状态，并且取消对其它电池组的电池管理系统的屏蔽。在完成步骤210之后，图2所示的方法返回步骤203，以自动对下一个电池组进行充电。
需要指出的是，在图2所示的方法流程中，可选地，本地监控模块140执行的全部或部分操作也可以由远程监控模块160来执行。
虽然在图1所示的实施例中，本地监控模块140仅对一个包含充电模块、动力切换模块和通信切换模块的电池充电单元的运行进行管理，但是本发明也可以拓展到本地监控模块140对两个或更多个电池充电单元的运行进行 控制和管理的情形。
图3A为按照本发明另一个实施例的电池充电系统的示意框图。在图3A所示的电池充电系统10中，本地监控模块140，可以同时管理多个电池充电单元的充电操作。
图3B为可应用于图3A所示实施例的电池充电系统的电池充电单元的示意框图。如图3B所示，电池充电单元C1-Cn的每一个都包括充电模块110、动力切换模块120和通信切换模块30，这些模块具有与图1和2所示实施例相同的特征、功能和工作原理。特别是，本地监控模块140可按照与图1和2所示实施例相同的方式控制每个电池充电单元中充电模块、动力切换模块和通信切换模块。
图4为按照本发明另一实施例的电动汽车充电站的示意框图。
如图4所示，本实施例的电动汽车充电站1包含一个或多个按照上面借助图1-3所述实施例的电池充电系统10A-10N和远程监控模块20，其中，远程监控模块20被配置为与电池充电系统10A-10N中的本地监控模块通信。
提供本文中提出的实施例和示例，以便最好地说明按照本技术及其特定应用的实施例，并且由此使本领域的技术人员能够实施和使用本发明。但是，本领域的技术人员将会知道，仅为了便于说明和举例而提供以上描述和示例。所提出的描述不是意在涵盖本发明的各个方面或者将本发明局限于所公开的精确形式。
鉴于以上所述，本公开的范围通过以下权利要求书来确定。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种电池充电系统，其特征在于，包含：
    一个或多个电池充电单元，每个所述电池充电单元包含：
    充电模块，所述充电模块配置为适于对多个电池组进行充电；
    动力切换模块，所述动力切换模块包含多个充电通道，其中，所述多个电池组的每一个经各自对应的充电通道与所述充电模块建立充电连接；
    通信切换模块，所述通信切换模块包含多个通信通道，其中，所述多个电池组的每一个经各自对应的通信信道与所述充电模块建立通信连接；以及
    本地监控模块，所述本地监控模块被配置为与每个所述电池充电单元中的所述动力切换模块和所述通信切换模块相连，并且对于每个所述电池充电单元，所述本地监控模块还被配置为当确定需结束当前被充电的电池组的充电操作时，断开与该电池组对应的充电通道和通信通道，并且使对应于多个电池组内其它需要充电的电池组的充电通道和通信通道导通。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的电池充电系统，其中，所述本地监控模块确保每个所述电池充电单元的充电模块在充电时仅与所述多个电池组的其中一个建立相应的充电连接和通信连接。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的电池充电系统，所述本地监控模块借助互锁机制确保每个所述电池充电单元的充电模块在充电时仅与所述多个电池组的其中一个建立相应的充电连接。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的电池充电系统，其中，进一步包含通信开出板，所述本地监控模块经所述通信开出板与各个所述电池充电单元的动力切换模块和通信切换模块相连。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的电池充电系统，其中，所述本地监控模块根据当前被充电的电池组的状态信息确定是否需要结束充电操作。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的电池充电系统，其中，所述本地监控模块经所述通信切换模块与电池组的电池管理系统通信以接收充电请求和电池组的状态信息。
  7. 如权利要求1所述的电池充电系统，其中，每个所述充电通道 包括常开直流接触器，所述本地监控模块通过控制所述常开直流接触器实现对所述充电通道的通断状态的控制。
  8. 如权利要求6所述的电池充电系统，其中，每个所述电池充电单元的充电模块与电池组的电池管理系统的通信以及与所述本地监控模块的通信采用CAN总线协议。
  9. 一种电动汽车充电站，其包含：
    至少一个如权利要求1-8中任意一项所述的电池充电系统；以及
    远程监控模块，所述远程监控模块配置为与所述电池充电系统的本地监控模块通信。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的电动汽车充电站，其中，所述远程监控模块与所述本地监控模块的通信采用以太网通信协议。
PCT/CN2018/075260 2017-06-27 2018-02-05 电池充电系统和包含该系统的电动汽车充电站 WO2019000951A1 (zh)

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