WO2018230196A1 - 駆動装置及び電力変換装置 - Google Patents
駆動装置及び電力変換装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2018230196A1 WO2018230196A1 PCT/JP2018/017846 JP2018017846W WO2018230196A1 WO 2018230196 A1 WO2018230196 A1 WO 2018230196A1 JP 2018017846 W JP2018017846 W JP 2018017846W WO 2018230196 A1 WO2018230196 A1 WO 2018230196A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/08—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/08—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters
- H02M1/088—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters for the simultaneous control of series or parallel connected semiconductor devices
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
- H02M3/158—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
- H03K17/06—Modifications for ensuring a fully conducting state
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
- H03K17/51—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used
- H03K17/56—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used by the use, as active elements, of semiconductor devices
- H03K17/687—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used by the use, as active elements, of semiconductor devices the devices being field-effect transistors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K19/00—Logic circuits, i.e. having at least two inputs acting on one output; Inverting circuits
- H03K19/0175—Coupling arrangements; Interface arrangements
- H03K19/017509—Interface arrangements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0003—Details of control, feedback or regulation circuits
- H02M1/0006—Arrangements for supplying an adequate voltage to the control circuit of converters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/53—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M7/537—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
- H02M7/538—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a push-pull configuration
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K2217/00—Indexing scheme related to electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making or -breaking covered by H03K17/00
- H03K2217/0063—High side switches, i.e. the higher potential [DC] or life wire [AC] being directly connected to the switch and not via the load
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K2217/00—Indexing scheme related to electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making or -breaking covered by H03K17/00
- H03K2217/0072—Low side switches, i.e. the lower potential [DC] or neutral wire [AC] being directly connected to the switch and not via the load
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K2217/00—Indexing scheme related to electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making or -breaking covered by H03K17/00
- H03K2217/0081—Power supply means, e.g. to the switch driver
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a drive device and a power conversion device.
- a power converter (also referred to as an inverter) includes, for example, two switching elements arranged on each of the high side and the low side, and two gate drive circuits for driving these gates.
- a negative voltage may be input to the gate. Therefore, in each gate drive circuit, two floating power supplies (also referred to as positive side power supply and negative side power supply) are provided as drive power supplies (also referred to as positive side power supply and negative side power supply) respectively supplying positive voltage and negative voltage input to the gates to turn on and off the switching elements.
- a driving power supply is required.
- Patent Literatures 1 to 3 in the half-bridged power conversion device, a high side is provided by providing a bootstrap circuit that supplies a power supply voltage to a low side to high side gate drive circuit using a capacitor. Discloses a simple configuration that does not have an active voltage source.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2010-35389
- Patent Document 2 Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2011-66963
- Patent Document 3 Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2013-179821
- the bootstrap circuit described in Patent Document 1 includes positive and negative power supplies on the low side, and two capacitors for positive and negative power supplies on the high side (also referred to as positive and negative capacitors, respectively). And an additional drive power supply to charge the negative side capacitor.
- the bootstrap circuit described in Patent Document 2 includes positive and negative power supplies on the low side, positive and negative capacitors on the high side, and turns off the high side switching element and turns on the low side switching element. At the same time, an additional switching element connects the negative power supply to the negative capacitor to charge it. However, the charge timing of the negative side capacitor can not be controlled.
- the bootstrap circuit described in Patent Document 3 includes positive and negative power supplies on the low side, positive and negative capacitors on the high side, and an additional switching element, and the positive side when the low-side switching element is on. While charging the capacitor, turning on the additional switching element to use the negative side capacitor as a negative power supply, turning off the additional switching element when the high side switching element is on, using the positive side capacitor to turn on the negative side capacitor To charge.
- the potential of the positive side capacitor fluctuates significantly, which may affect the propagation delay time and the like.
- the driving device may drive a switch circuit having a first switching element and a second switching element connected in series.
- the driving device may include a gate driving unit having a first gate driving circuit driving a gate of the first switching element and a second gate driving circuit driving a gate of the second switching element.
- the drive device may include a negative side power supply that supplies the first reference potential, which is the low side potential of the first switching element, to the positive potential side and the negative potential side to the first negative potential.
- the drive device may include a negative side capacitor for supplying the second reference potential, which is the high side potential of the first switching element, to the positive potential side and supplying the gate drive section to the negative potential side as the second negative potential. .
- the driving device may include a timing detection circuit that detects a charging timing for charging the negative-side capacitor based on a potential state of a driving circuit on the high side among the first gate driving circuit and the second gate driving circuit.
- the drive device may include a charging circuit that charges the negative capacitor using the negative power supply at the charge timing.
- the drive device may include a positive side power supply that supplies the gate drive section with the first reference potential on the negative potential side and the positive potential side on the first positive potential.
- the drive device may include a positive side capacitor for supplying the second reference potential to the negative potential side and supplying the gate drive section with the positive potential side as the second positive potential.
- the driver may include a first rectifier that passes current from the positive terminal of the positive power supply to the positive capacitor and blocks current in the reverse direction.
- the timing detection circuit may detect the charge timing based on at least one of the first positive potential, the second positive potential, the first reference potential, the second reference potential, the first negative potential, and the second negative potential.
- the timing detection circuit may detect the charge timing on the condition that the difference between the second reference potential and the first negative potential is less than or equal to the reference voltage.
- the timing detection circuit may detect the charge timing on condition that a divided voltage obtained by dividing the second reference potential and the first negative potential is equal to or less than a first threshold.
- the timing detection circuit may clamp the divided voltage below a second threshold that is greater than the first threshold.
- the timing detection circuit may detect the charge timing on condition that the current flowing from the positive power supply to the positive capacitor is equal to or greater than the third threshold.
- the timing detection circuit may detect the charge timing further on condition that the first gate control signal instructing the first gate driving circuit to turn on the first switching element is input.
- the charging circuit may have a third switching element connected between the first negative potential and the second negative potential at the charging timing.
- the driving device may further include a second rectifier that passes a current from the first reference potential side to the second reference potential side and cuts off the current in the reverse direction.
- the first switching element may be a low side switching element in the switch circuit.
- the second switching element may be a high side switching element in the switch circuit.
- the first gate drive circuit may receive the first positive potential and the first negative potential as drive voltages.
- the second gate drive circuit may receive the second positive potential and the second negative potential as drive voltages.
- the driving device level shifts the first gate control signal based on the first reference potential for controlling the gate of the second switching element to generate a second conversion gate control signal based on the second reference potential. It may further include a level shift circuit to generate.
- the second gate drive circuit may drive the gate of the second switching element in response to the second conversion gate control signal.
- the level shift circuit may have a level shift resistor and a level shift switching element serially connected in series between the second positive potential and the second negative potential.
- the level shift circuit may have a level shift rectifier that passes current from the second reference potential side to a connection point between the level shift resistor and the level shift switching element, and cuts off current in the reverse direction.
- the negative capacitor may have a smaller capacity than the positive capacitor.
- the power converter may include the drive device according to any one of items 1 to 15.
- the power converter may include a first switching element and a second switching element.
- the structure of the drive device which concerns on this embodiment, and the power converter device comprised including this is shown.
- the input threshold range of the high side gate drive circuit is shown.
- the input threshold range of an input circuit is shown.
- the configuration of the level shift circuit is shown together with the high side gate drive circuit and the zener diode.
- the structure of a timing detection circuit is shown.
- An example of an operation waveform of a timing detection circuit is shown.
- An example of an operation waveform in a drive and a power converter is shown.
- the structure of the drive device which concerns on a modification is shown.
- movement waveform of the timing detection circuit which concerns on a modification is shown.
- FIG. 1 shows a configuration of a driving apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment and a power conversion apparatus 110 configured to include the driving apparatus.
- Drive device 100 controls the negative power supply of the switching element by controlling the timing of charging the drive power supply capacitor provided on the high side without providing an active drive power supply on the high side in power conversion device 110. It is possible.
- Power converter 110 includes switch circuit 10 and driver 100.
- the switch circuit 10 includes switching elements 11 and 12 and rectifying elements 13 and 14, and from these, a half bridge type switch circuit is configured for the load L and the power supply EV.
- the positive side and the negative side of the power source EV are referred to as high side (HS) and low side (LS), respectively.
- the switching elements 11 and 12 are, for example, insulated gate bipolar transistors (IGBTs).
- a metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET) may be employed as the switching elements 11 and 12.
- the switching elements 11 and 12 have a gate electrode (also simply referred to as a gate), a collector electrode (also simply referred to as a collector), and an emitter electrode (also simply referred to as an emitter).
- the switching elements 11 and 12 are connected in series by connecting the emitter of the switching element 11 and the collector of the switching element 12 and are disposed on the high side and the low side, respectively.
- the rectifying elements 13 and 14 are, for example, free wheel diodes (FWDs).
- the rectifying elements 13 and 14 are connected in anti-parallel to the switching elements 11 and 12, respectively.
- the switching elements 11 and 12 include parasitic diodes, the rectifying elements 13 and 14 may not be provided.
- switching element 11 connects the collector and the emitter to the positive electrode of power supply EV and one end of load L
- switching element 12 connects the collector and the emitter to one end of load L and the negative electrode of power supply EV, respectively.
- the other end of the load L is connected to the negative electrode of the power supply EV.
- the potentials on the high side and low side of switching element 12 that is, the potentials on one end and the other end of load L
- reference potentials VS and COM respectively second and first reference potentials
- the driving device 100 is a device that drives the switch circuit 10 in accordance with a control signal IN input from the outside.
- the driving device 100 includes a gate driving unit 20 and a bootstrap circuit 40.
- the gate drive unit 20 is a unit that drives the gates of the switching elements 11 and 12 to drive the switch circuit 10, and the input circuit 23, the filter delay circuit 24, the pulse generation circuit 25, the level shift circuit 30, and the gate drive circuit 21 and 22, and Zener diodes 26 and 27 are included.
- the control signal IN to the reference potential COM is generated by the microprocessor 9 disposed outside the drive device 100 and input to the gate drive unit 20.
- the input circuit 23 generates gate control signals HIN and LIN for controlling the gates of the switching elements 11 and 12 according to the control signal IN.
- the gate control signals HIN and LIN are input to the filter delay circuit 24 in the subsequent stage.
- the filter delay circuit 24 removes noise from the gate control signals HIN and LIN and delays the other with respect to one of them to output the HRDV and LDRV signals. For example, by delaying the rise of the gate control signal LIN with respect to the fall of the gate control signal HIN and delaying the rise of the gate control signal HIN with respect to the fall of the gate control signal LIN, Simultaneous on is prevented.
- the pulse generation circuit 25 generates control signals SET and RES to be input to the level shift circuit 30 from the gate control signal HDRV.
- the control signals SET and RES respectively include pulse signals generated in response to the rising and falling of the gate control signal HDRV.
- the level shift circuit 30 generates conversion gate control signals SDRN and RDRN for controlling the gate of the switching element 11.
- Conversion gate control signals SDRN and RDRN are generated by level-shifting a gate control signal HDRV (control signals SET and RES generated from this) based on the negative potential GND and converting it into a signal based on the negative potential MVS. Be done.
- the configuration of the level shift circuit 30 will be described later.
- the gate drive circuits 21 and 22 are disposed on the high side and the low side, respectively, and drive the gates of the switching elements 11 and 12.
- the gate drive circuit 21 generates a gate drive signal HO in accordance with the conversion gate control signals SDRN and RDRN generated by the level shift circuit 30, and inputs the gate drive signal HO to the gate of the switching element 11.
- the gate drive signal HO is switched between a positive voltage and a negative voltage signal for turning on and off the switching element 11, and these are driven by the gate drive circuit 21 from the positive and negative capacitors 41 and 42, respectively. It is generated using positive potential VB (an example of a second positive potential) and negative potential MVS (an example of a second negative potential) that are received as voltages.
- positive potential VB an example of a second positive potential
- MVS an example of a second negative potential
- the negative potential MVS has a potential obtained by lowering the offset voltage corresponding to the charging voltage (VS-MVS) of the negative capacitor 42 from the reference potential VS.
- the gate control signal HO is given a voltage range between the positive potential VB and the negative potential MVS.
- the gate drive circuit 22 generates the gate drive signal LO according to the control signal LDRV generated by the filter delay circuit 24 via the control signal LIN generated by the input circuit 23 and is input to the gate of the switching element 12.
- the gate drive signal LO is switched between a positive voltage and a negative voltage signal for turning on and off the switching element 12, and these are driven by the gate drive circuit 22 from the positive and negative power supplies VCCH and VCCL, respectively. It is generated using positive potential VL (an example of a first positive potential) and negative potential GND (an example of a first negative potential) that are received as voltages.
- VL an example of a first positive potential
- GND an example of a first negative potential
- the negative potential GND has a potential dropped from the reference potential COM by an offset voltage corresponding to the power supply voltage (COM-GND) of the negative power supply VCCL.
- the control signal IN is given a voltage range between the positive potential VL and the reference potential COM, while the gate control signal LDRV is given a voltage range between the positive potential VL and the negative potential GND.
- the Zener diodes 26 and 27 maintain the positive potential VB and the negative potential MVS, respectively, at a potential difference of a predetermined value or less with respect to the reference potential VS by their breakdown voltages. As a result, even when the positive and negative capacitors 41 and 42 are overcharged, constant positive and negative voltages can be supplied to the gate drive circuit 21.
- the bootstrap circuit 40 is a circuit that supplies a power supply voltage from the power supply disposed on the low side to the gate drive circuit 21 disposed on the high side.
- the bootstrap circuit 40 includes positive and negative power supplies VCCH and VCCL, positive and negative capacitors 41 and 42, rectifiers 43 and 44, a switching element 47, a rectifying element 48, and a timing detection circuit 50.
- the positive and negative power supplies VCCH and VCCL are disposed on the low side and are used to generate a gate drive signal LO to be input to the gate of the switching element 12, and the positive potential VL and the negative potential GND are It is a power supply to the gate drive circuit 22.
- the positive and negative power supplies VCCH and VCCL may be generated from an external power supply (for example, a commercial power supply) by AC-DC conversion or the like, or may be generated using local power or a battery or the like.
- the positive and negative power supplies VCCH and VCCL are respectively connected in series, their connection point is connected to the reference potential COM, and the negative electrode of the negative power supply VCCL is connected to the negative potential GND.
- the positive power supply VCCH generates a positive potential VL and supplies it to the gate drive circuit 22.
- the negative power supply VCCL generates a negative potential GND and supplies it to the gate drive circuit 22.
- gate drive signal LO of positive potential VL and negative potential GND can be generated with respect to reference potential COM.
- the positive and negative capacitors 41 and 42 are disposed on the high side and are used to generate a gate drive signal HO to be input to the gate of the switching element 11, and the positive potential VB and the negative potential MVS are The element is supplied to the gate drive circuit 21 of FIG.
- the positive and negative capacitors 41 and 42 are connected in series, respectively, and their connection point is connected to the reference potential VS.
- the positive capacitor 41 is charged by the positive power supply VCCH to generate a positive potential VB, and supplies the positive potential VB to the gate drive circuit 21.
- the negative capacitor 42 is charged along with the charging of the negative power supply VCCL and the positive capacitor to generate a negative potential MVS, which is supplied to the gate drive circuit 21. Thereby, gate drive signal HO of positive potential VS and negative potential MVS can be generated with respect to reference potential VS.
- the negative capacitor 42 may have a smaller capacity than the positive capacitor 41.
- the rectifiers 43 and 44 supply current from the positive and negative power supplies VCCH and VCCL to the positive and negative capacitors 41 and 42 to charge them, and current from the positive and negative capacitors 41 and 42 It is an element that supplies the positive potential VB and the negative potential MVS to the gate drive circuit 21 without returning.
- the rectifier 43 is connected between the positive power supply VCCH and the positive capacitor 41, passes the current from the positive electrode of the positive power VCCH to the positive capacitor 41, and cuts off the current in the reverse direction.
- a charging circuit is formed by the positive power supply VCCH, the rectifier 43, the positive capacitor 41, and the switching element 12, and the positive power supply VCCH charges the positive capacitor 41.
- the rectifier 44 is connected between the reference potential COM and the reference potential VS, passes a current from the side of the reference potential COM to the side of the reference potential VS, and cuts off the current in the reverse direction.
- the rectifier 44 is not necessarily provided if a decrease in combined capacitance value of the series capacitors of the positive and negative capacitors 41 and 42 is permitted.
- a charging circuit is formed by the positive and negative power supplies VCCH and VCCL, the rectifier 43, the positive and negative capacitors 41 and 42, and the switching element 47 in series.
- the positive capacitor 41 and the negative capacitor 42 are charged by the positive and negative power supplies VCCH and VCCL in series.
- the switching element 47 is controlled by the timing detection circuit 50 described later, and is turned on at the charge timing to connect the negative potential GND and the MVS.
- a charging circuit is formed by the negative side power supply VCCL, the rectifier 44, the negative side capacitor 42, and the switching element 47, and the negative side power supply VCCL charges the negative side capacitor 42.
- the rectifying element 48 is connected in antiparallel to the switching element 47.
- the rectifying element 48 prevents the negative potential MVS from falling below the negative potential GND.
- the switching element 47 includes a parasitic diode, the rectifying element 48 may not be provided.
- the timing detection circuit 50 is a circuit that detects the charge timing for charging the negative side capacitor 42 based on the potential state of the gate drive circuit 21 disposed on the high side.
- the timing detection circuit 50 detects a detection timing by using the low side gate control signal LDRV and a high side potential level output HSPOT (corresponding to the difference between the reference potential VS and the negative potential GND) described later as a control input, At that timing, the switching element 47 is turned on to form a charging circuit, whereby the negative capacitor 42 is charged.
- the configuration of the timing detection circuit 50 will be described later.
- FIG. 4 shows the configuration of the level shift circuit 30 together with the gate drive circuit 21 and the zener diodes 26 and 27 on the high side.
- the level shift circuit 30 includes resistive elements 31S and 31R, switching elements 32S and 32R, rectifying elements 33S and 33R, rectifying elements 34S and 34R, and resistive elements 35 and 36.
- the resistive elements 31S and 31R are examples of level shift resistors, one end of which is connected to the positive electrode (that is, the positive potential VB) of the positive side capacitor 41 and the other end connected to the gate drive circuit 21.
- the switching elements 32S and 32R are examples of level shifting switching elements, and are connected between the other ends of the resistance elements 31S and 31R and the negative potential GND.
- the switching element 32S is driven by the control signal SET output from the pulse generation circuit 25 and is input to the gate drive circuit 21 as the conversion gate control signal SDRN.
- the switching element 32R is driven by the control signal RES output from the pulse generation circuit 25 and is input to the gate drive circuit 21 as the conversion gate control signal RDRN.
- the rectifying elements 33S and 33R are connected in parallel to the resistance elements 31S and 31R, respectively, with the cathode directed to the positive potential VB side, so that the conversion gate control signals SDRN and RDRN do not exceed the positive potential VB.
- the rectifying elements 34S and 34R are connected between the connection point between the resistance elements 31S and 31R and the switching elements 32S and 32R and the reference potential VS with the anode directed to the reference potential VS, and the conversion gate control signal SDRN. , RDRN do not fall below the reference potential VS.
- level shift circuit 30 receives conversion of pulse control signals SET and RES generated respectively according to the rise and fall of gate control signal HDRV as a conversion gate control having a potential between positive potential VB and reference potential VS.
- the signals SDRN and RDRN are converted respectively.
- Resistance elements 35 and 36 are connected in series between reference potential VS and negative potential GND. Further, the connection point between the resistance elements 35 and 36 is input to the timing detection circuit 50 as the high side potential level output HSPOT.
- the resistance values of resistance elements 35 and 36 are higher and lower than reference VREF in timing detection circuit 50 described later when switching element 11 is on and off (that is, when the high side is high and low potential states). Shall be determined to be
- FIG. 5 shows the configuration of the timing detection circuit 50.
- the timing detection circuit 50 includes a comparator 51, a zener diode 52, a delay circuit 53, an AND circuit 54, an NOT circuit 55, a delay circuit 56, a latch circuit 57, and an amplifier 58.
- the comparator 51 compares the high side potential level output HSPOT output from the level shift circuit 30 with the reference VREF, and compares the high level and the low level when the potential level output HSPOT is below and above the reference VREF, respectively. Output the result COUT.
- the charge timing can be detected on the condition that the difference between the reference potential VS and the negative potential GND is equal to or less than the reference voltage corresponding to the reference VREF.
- the zener diode 52 clamps the high side potential level output HSPOT input to the comparator 51 below its breakdown voltage.
- the breakdown voltage is larger than the reference VREF. Since the potential level output HSPOT rises and falls greatly depending on the switching state of the switching element 11, this can prevent an excessively high voltage signal from being input to the comparator 51.
- the delay circuit 53 outputs a pulse wave delayed with respect to the rise of the gate control signal LDRV.
- the delay time delay1 By arbitrarily setting the delay time delay1, it is possible to detect the start of the charging timing delayed by the rise of the gate control signal LDRV, that is, the turning on of the switching element 12.
- the AND circuit 54 calculates the logical product of the comparison result COUT of the comparator 51 and the output of the delay circuit 53, and outputs the result. Thus, it is possible to detect when the comparison result COUT of the comparator 51 is at high level, that is, when the switching element 11 is turned off and the gate drive circuit 21 disposed on the high side is in a low potential state.
- the NOT circuit 55 calculates the logical negation of the gate control signal LDRV, and outputs the result.
- the delay circuit 56 outputs a pulse wave delayed with respect to the rise of the logic negation of the gate control signal LDRV, that is, the fall of the gate control signal LDRV.
- the latch circuit 57 is set by the output of the AND circuit 54 and reset by the output of the delay circuit 56. Thereby, when the switching element 11 is turned off and the gate drive circuit 21 disposed on the high side is in the low potential state, the switching element 12 is delayed to turn on to start charging, and the switching element 12 is turned off. And a charge timing signal is generated to terminate the charge.
- the amplifier 58 amplifies and outputs the output of the latch circuit 57.
- the output is input to the gate of the switching element 47 as the gate drive signal XM1G.
- FIG. 6 shows an example of an operation waveform of the timing detection circuit 50.
- the top row shows the waveform of the potential level output HSPOT.
- the potential level output HSPOT represents the potential state of the gate drive circuit 21 disposed on the high side, and repeats the high level and the low level with the switching operation (on and off) of the switching element 11.
- the second stage shows the waveform of the output COUT of the comparator 51.
- the output COUT becomes high level and low level, respectively, when the potential level output HSPOT is below and above the reference VREF.
- the third stage shows the waveform of the low side gate control signal LDRV.
- the gate control signal LDRV repeats the high level and the low level as opposed to the high side gate control signal HDRV (not shown).
- the fourth and fifth stages show waveforms of the output S of the AND circuit 54 and the output R of the delay circuit 56, respectively.
- the output COUT of the comparator 51 When the output COUT of the comparator 51 is at high level, that is, when the switching element 11 is turned off and the gate drive circuit 21 disposed on the high side is in a low potential state, the output S rises The pulse signal rises in a delayed manner (corresponding to the turning on of the switching element 12).
- the output R rises in a pulse shape delayed with respect to the falling of the gate control signal LDRV (corresponding to the turn-off of the switching element 12).
- the sixth stage shows the waveform of the gate drive signal XM1G.
- the gate drive signal XM1G rises in response to the rise of the output S and falls in response to the rise of the output R.
- the charge timing of the negative side capacitor 42 is delayed and started to turn on the switching element 12 when the switching element 11 is turned off and the gate drive circuit 21 disposed on the high side is in a low potential state. It will be delayed to the turn off of the element 12 to end. Note that by setting the delay times delay1 and delay2 by the delay circuits 53 and 56, the charging timing can be arbitrarily determined according to the turn-on operation of the switching element 11.
- FIG. 7 shows an example of operation waveforms in drive device 100 and power conversion device 110.
- the top row shows the waveform of the control signal IN.
- the control signal IN repeats a low level of about 5 ⁇ sec to about 3 ⁇ sec and a high level of about 2 ⁇ sec at an amplitude of 3.3 V with reference to the negative potential GND.
- the second stage shows the waveforms of the output voltages of the positive power supply VCCH and the negative power supply VCCL.
- the output voltages of the positive power supply VCCH and the negative power supply VCCL are 20 V and 5 V, respectively, with reference to the negative potential GND.
- the third stage shows the waveforms of the positive potential VB and the reference potential VS with reference to the negative potential MVS.
- the positive potential VB and the reference potential VS are 20 V and 5 V, respectively, with reference to the negative potential MVS.
- the fourth stage shows the waveforms of a positive potential VB, a reference potential VS, and a negative potential MVS with reference to the negative potential GND.
- the positive potential VB, the reference potential VS, and the negative potential MVS are operated at an amplitude of 120 V along with the switching operation (on and off) of the switching element 11.
- the fifth stage shows the waveform of the gate drive signal XM1G.
- the gate drive signal XM1G has an amplitude of 5 V with respect to the negative potential GND, and when the high side (reference potential VS) is in the low potential state, the low side gate control signal LDRV (in this example, the control signal IN is high). It becomes high level by delaying to the level).
- the sixth and seventh stages show waveforms of the gate drive signals HO and LO.
- the gate drive signals HO and LO respectively have amplitudes of 20 V based on the negative potential MVS and the negative potential GND, and alternately repeat different high levels of the reference potential through low level periods of different reference potentials.
- the eighth stage shows the waveform of the high side reference potential VS.
- the ninth and tenth stages show potential fluctuation waveforms of the positive potential VB with respect to the reference potential VS and the reference potential VS with respect to the negative potential MVS. Both are operating within a fluctuation range of 50mV or less, and charging and discharging are repeated.
- the potential difference between the reference potential VS and the negative potential GND is used as the high-side potential state (detected as the potential level output HSPOT) in which the timing detection circuit 50 detects charging timing.
- at least one of positive potentials VB and VL, reference potentials VS and COM, and negative potentials MVS and GND may be used.
- a potential difference between at least one of the positive potential VB, the reference potential VS, and the negative potential MVS and the at least one of the positive potential VL, the reference potential COM, and the negative potential GND may be used.
- a potential difference between at least one of the positive potential VB, the reference potential VS, and the negative potential MVS and the negative potential GND may be used.
- FIG. 8 shows a configuration of a drive device 200 according to a modification and a power conversion device 210 configured to include the same.
- the power conversion device 210 includes the switch circuit 10 and the drive device 200.
- the switch circuit 10 is configured in the same manner as that in the power converter 210 described above.
- the driving device 200 includes a gate driving unit 20 and a bootstrap circuit 140.
- the gate drive unit 20 is configured in the same manner as that of the drive device 100 described above.
- the resistive elements 35 and 36 in the level shift circuit 30 are not required.
- the bootstrap circuit 140 includes positive and negative power supplies VCCH and VCCL, positive and negative capacitors 41 and 42, rectifiers 43 and 44, resistance elements 45 and 46, switching element 47, rectification element 48, and timing detection circuit 150. And the resistive element 45 is inserted between the positive power supply VCCH and the rectifier 43 in the aforementioned bootstrap circuit 40, and the resistive element 46 is inserted between the negative power supply VCCL and the rectifier 44, and the timing detection circuit 50. Are replaced with the timing detection circuit 150.
- the bootstrap circuit 140 detects the high-side potential state using the potential BSV at the connection point between the rectifier 43 and the resistance element 45, and inputs this to the timing detection circuit 150.
- FIG. 9 shows the configuration of the timing detection circuit 150.
- the timing detection circuit 150 includes a comparator 151, an AND circuit 152, an NOT circuit 153, a latch circuit 154, and an amplifier 155.
- the comparator 151 compares the potential BSV with the reference VREF, and outputs a comparison result COUT that becomes high level and low level, respectively, when the potential BSV is below and above the reference VREF. Thereby, charging is performed under the condition that potential BSV is not more than the reference voltage corresponding to reference VREF, that is, the current flowing from positive power supply VCCH to positive capacitor 41 is not less than the threshold current amount corresponding to reference VREF. The timing can be detected.
- the AND circuit 152 calculates the logical product of the comparison result COUT of the comparator 151 and the gate control signal LDRV, and outputs the result.
- a pulse signal is output.
- the NOT circuit 153 calculates the logical negation of the gate control signal LDRV, and outputs the result.
- the latch circuit 154 is set by the output of the AND circuit 152 and reset by the logical negation of the gate control signal LDRV. Thereby, the switching element 11 is turned off, and the gate drive circuit 21 disposed on the high side starts charging in synchronization with the turning on of the switching element 12 in the low potential state, and charges in synchronization with the turning off of the switching element 12 A charge timing signal is generated to terminate the
- the amplifier 155 amplifies and outputs the output of the latch circuit 154.
- the output is input to the gate of the switching element 47 as the gate drive signal XM1G.
- the gate control signal LDRV may be delayed via the delay circuit and input to the AND circuit 152, or the logic negation of the gate control signal LDRV may be delayed via the delay circuit and input to the latch circuit 154. Good.
- FIG. 10 shows an example of operation waveforms of the timing detection circuit 150 according to the modification.
- the waveform of the potential BSV is shown at the top.
- the potential BSV represents the high-side potential state, and falls as the switching element 12 is turned on and rises as the positive capacitor 41 is charged.
- the second stage shows the waveform of the output COUT of the comparator 51.
- the output COUT becomes high level and low level, respectively, when the potential BSV is below and above the reference VREF.
- the third stage shows the waveform of the low side gate control signal LDRV.
- the gate control signal LDRV repeats the high level and the low level as opposed to the high side gate control signal HDRV (not shown).
- the fourth and fifth stages show waveforms of the output S of the AND circuit 152 and the output R of the NOT circuit 153, respectively.
- the output COUT of the comparator 151 is at high level, that is, when the switching element 11 is turned off and the gate drive circuit 21 disposed on the high side is in a low potential state
- the output S Rising in response to the turning on of the switching element 12 and falling in response to the falling of the output COUT or the falling of the gate control signal LDRV.
- the output R rises in response to the falling of the gate control signal LDRV (corresponding to the turning off of the switching element 12), and falls in response to the rising of the gate control signal LDRV (corresponding to the turning on of the switching element 12).
- the sixth stage shows the waveform of the gate drive signal XM1G.
- the gate drive signal XM1G rises in response to the rise of the output S and falls in response to the rise of the output R.
- the charge timing of the negative side capacitor 42 starts when the gate drive circuit 21 disposed on the high side is in the low potential state and at the turn on timing of the switching element 12, and the timing of the turn off of the switching element 12 End when
- the positive side and negative side power supplies VCCH and VCCL on the low side and the positive side and negative side capacitors 41 and 42 on the high side are provided.
- positive and negative power supplies VCCH and VCCL may be provided on the high side
- positive and negative capacitors 41 and 42 may be provided on the low side.
- the input circuit 23, the filter delay circuit 24, and the pulse generation circuit 25 are provided on the high side
- the level shift circuit 30 receives the gate control signal LDRV with reference to the reference potential VS (a control signal SET generated from this).
- RES are converted to a signal based on the reference potential COM to generate a conversion gate control signal for controlling the gate of the switching element 12.
- rectification element 50 ... timing detection circuit, 51 ... comparison 52, Zener diode, 53: Delay circuit, 54: AND circuit, 55: NOT circuit, 56: Extended circuit, 57: latch circuit, 58: amplifier, 100: drive device, 110: power conversion device, 140: bootstrap circuit, 150: timing detection circuit, 151: comparator, 152: AND circuit, 153: NOT circuit, 154 ... latch circuit, 155 ... amplifier, 200 ... driver, 210 ... power converter.
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Abstract
Description
特許文献1 特開2010-35389号公報
特許文献2 特開2011-66963号公報
特許文献3 特開2013-179821号公報
直列に接続された第1スイッチング素子および第2スイッチング素子を有するスイッチ回路を駆動する駆動装置であってよい。
駆動装置は、第1スイッチング素子のゲートを駆動する第1ゲート駆動回路および第2スイッチング素子のゲートを駆動する第2ゲート駆動回路を有するゲート駆動部を備えてよい。
駆動装置は、第1スイッチング素子のロー側の電位である第1基準電位を正電位側とし、負電位側を第1負電位としたゲート駆動部に供給する負側電源を備えてよい。
駆動装置は、第1スイッチング素子のハイ側の電位である第2基準電位を正電位側とし、負電位側を第2負電位としたゲート駆動部に供給するための負側キャパシタを備えてよい。
駆動装置は、第1ゲート駆動回路および第2ゲート駆動回路のうちハイサイドの駆動回路の電位状態に基づいて、負側キャパシタを充電する充電タイミングを検出するタイミング検出回路を備えてよい。
駆動装置は、充電タイミングにおいて、負側電源を用いて負側キャパシタを充電する充電回路を備えてよい。
駆動装置は、第1基準電位を負電位側とし、正電位側を第1正電位としたゲート駆動部に供給する正側電源を備えてよい。
駆動装置は、第2基準電位を負電位側とし、正電位側を第2正電位としたゲート駆動部に供給するための正側キャパシタを備えてよい。
駆動装置は、正側電源の正側端子から正側キャパシタへと向かう電流を通過させ、逆方向の電流を遮断する第1整流器を備えてよい。
タイミング検出回路は、第1正電位、第2正電位、第1基準電位、第2基準電位、第1負電位、および第2負電位の少なくとも1つに基づいて、充電タイミングを検出してよい。
タイミング検出回路は、第2基準電位および第1負電位の差が基準電圧以下であることを条件として、充電タイミングを検出してよい。
タイミング検出回路は、第2基準電位および第1負電位を分圧した分圧電圧が第1閾値以下であることを条件として、充電タイミングを検出してよい。
タイミング検出回路は、分圧電圧を第1閾値より大きい第2閾値以下にクランプしてよい。
タイミング検出回路は、正側電源から正側キャパシタへと流れる電流が第3閾値以上であることを条件として、充電タイミングを検出してよい。
タイミング検出回路は、第1スイッチング素子をオンとすることを第1ゲート駆動回路に指示する第1ゲート制御信号を入力したことを更に条件として、充電タイミングを検出してよい。
充電回路は、充電タイミングにおいて第1負電位および第2負電位の間を接続する第3スイッチング素子を有してよい。
駆動装置は、第1基準電位側から第2基準電位側へと向かう電流を通過させ、逆方向の電流を遮断する第2整流器を更に備えてよい。
第1スイッチング素子は、スイッチ回路におけるローサイドのスイッチング素子であってよい。
第2スイッチング素子は、スイッチ回路におけるハイサイドのスイッチング素子であってよい。
第1ゲート駆動回路は、第1正電位および第1負電位を駆動電圧として受け取ってよい。
第2ゲート駆動回路は、第2正電位および第2負電位を駆動電圧として受け取ってよい。
駆動装置は、第2スイッチング素子のゲートを制御するための、第1基準電位を基準とする第1ゲート制御信号をレベルシフトして、第2基準電位を基準とする第2変換ゲート制御信号を生成するレベルシフト回路を更に備えてよい。
第2ゲート駆動回路は、第2変換ゲート制御信号に応じて第2スイッチング素子のゲートを駆動してよい。
レベルシフト回路は、第2正電位および第2負電位の間に順に直列に接続されたレベルシフト抵抗およびレベルシフト用スイッチング素子を有してよい。
レベルシフト回路は、第2基準電位側からレベルシフト抵抗およびレベルシフト用スイッチング素子の間の接続点へと向かう電流を通過させ、逆方向の電流を遮断するレベルシフト用整流器を有してよい。
負側キャパシタは、正側キャパシタよりも容量が小さくてよい。
電力変換装置は、項目1から15のいずれか一項に記載の駆動装置を備えてよい。
電力変換装置は、第1スイッチング素子および第2スイッチング素子を備えてよい。
Claims (16)
- 直列に接続された第1スイッチング素子および第2スイッチング素子を有するスイッチ回路を駆動する駆動装置であって、
前記第1スイッチング素子のゲートを駆動する第1ゲート駆動回路および前記第2スイッチング素子のゲートを駆動する第2ゲート駆動回路を有するゲート駆動部と、
前記第1スイッチング素子のロー側の電位である第1基準電位を正電位側とし、負電位側を第1負電位とした前記ゲート駆動部に供給する負側電源と、
前記第1スイッチング素子のハイ側の電位である第2基準電位を正電位側とし、負電位側を第2負電位とした前記ゲート駆動部に供給するための負側キャパシタと、
前記第1ゲート駆動回路および前記第2ゲート駆動回路のうちハイサイドの駆動回路の電位状態に基づいて、前記負側キャパシタを充電する充電タイミングを検出するタイミング検出回路と、
前記充電タイミングにおいて、前記負側電源を用いて前記負側キャパシタを充電する充電回路と
を備える駆動装置。 - 前記第1基準電位を負電位側とし、正電位側を第1正電位とした前記ゲート駆動部に供給する正側電源と、
前記第2基準電位を負電位側とし、正電位側を第2正電位とした前記ゲート駆動部に供給するための正側キャパシタと、
前記正側電源の正側端子から前記正側キャパシタへと向かう電流を通過させ、逆方向の電流を遮断する第1整流器と
を備える請求項1に記載の駆動装置。 - 前記タイミング検出回路は、前記第1正電位、前記第2正電位、前記第1基準電位、前記第2基準電位、前記第1負電位、および前記第2負電位の少なくとも1つに基づいて、前記充電タイミングを検出する請求項2に記載の駆動装置。
- 前記タイミング検出回路は、前記第2基準電位および前記第1負電位の差が基準電圧以下であることを条件として、前記充電タイミングを検出する請求項3に記載の駆動装置。
- 前記タイミング検出回路は、前記第2基準電位および前記第1負電位を分圧した分圧電圧が第1閾値以下であることを条件として、前記充電タイミングを検出する請求項4に記載の駆動装置。
- 前記タイミング検出回路は、前記分圧電圧を前記第1閾値より大きい第2閾値以下にクランプする請求項5に記載の駆動装置。
- 前記タイミング検出回路は、前記正側電源から前記正側キャパシタへと流れる電流が第3閾値以上であることを条件として、前記充電タイミングを検出する請求項2に記載の駆動装置。
- 前記タイミング検出回路は、前記第1スイッチング素子をオンとすることを前記第1ゲート駆動回路に指示する第1ゲート制御信号を入力したことを更に条件として、前記充電タイミングを検出する請求項4から7のいずれか一項に記載の駆動装置。
- 前記充電回路は、前記充電タイミングにおいて前記第1負電位および前記第2負電位の間を接続する第3スイッチング素子を有する請求項2から8のいずれか一項に記載の駆動装置。
- 前記第1基準電位側から前記第2基準電位側へと向かう電流を通過させ、逆方向の電流を遮断する第2整流器を更に備える請求項2から9のいずれか一項に記載の駆動装置。
- 前記第1スイッチング素子は、前記スイッチ回路におけるローサイドのスイッチング素子であり、
前記第2スイッチング素子は、前記スイッチ回路におけるハイサイドのスイッチング素子である
請求項2から10のいずれか一項に記載の駆動装置。 - 前記第1ゲート駆動回路は、前記第1正電位および前記第1負電位を駆動電圧として受け取り、
前記第2ゲート駆動回路は、前記第2正電位および前記第2負電位を駆動電圧として受け取る
請求項11に記載の駆動装置。 - 前記第2スイッチング素子のゲートを制御するための、前記第1基準電位を基準とする第1ゲート制御信号をレベルシフトして、前記第2基準電位を基準とする第2変換ゲート制御信号を生成するレベルシフト回路を更に備え、
前記第2ゲート駆動回路は、前記第2変換ゲート制御信号に応じて前記第2スイッチング素子のゲートを駆動する
請求項11または12に記載の駆動装置。 - 前記レベルシフト回路は、
前記第2正電位および前記第2負電位の間に順に直列に接続されたレベルシフト抵抗およびレベルシフト用スイッチング素子と、
前記第2基準電位側から前記レベルシフト抵抗および前記レベルシフト用スイッチング素子の間の接続点へと向かう電流を通過させ、逆方向の電流を遮断するレベルシフト用整流器と
を有する請求項13に記載の駆動装置。 - 前記負側キャパシタは、前記正側キャパシタよりも容量が小さい請求項2から14のいずれか一項に記載の駆動装置。
- 請求項1から15のいずれか一項に記載の駆動装置と、
前記第1スイッチング素子および前記第2スイッチング素子と
を備える電力変換装置。
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WO2022030119A1 (ja) * | 2020-08-06 | 2022-02-10 | 富士電機株式会社 | 電源回路、スイッチング制御回路 |
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JP7032154B2 (ja) | 2018-01-31 | 2022-03-08 | ローム株式会社 | スイッチング回路、半導体装置、dc/dcコンバータ |
WO2022030119A1 (ja) * | 2020-08-06 | 2022-02-10 | 富士電機株式会社 | 電源回路、スイッチング制御回路 |
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CN110036557A (zh) | 2019-07-19 |
JP6737404B2 (ja) | 2020-08-05 |
CN110036557B (zh) | 2021-07-13 |
US20190288592A1 (en) | 2019-09-19 |
JPWO2018230196A1 (ja) | 2019-11-07 |
DE112018003235T5 (de) | 2020-03-12 |
US10700590B2 (en) | 2020-06-30 |
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