WO2018227796A1 - 一种内热蒸汽增效发动机 - Google Patents

一种内热蒸汽增效发动机 Download PDF

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WO2018227796A1
WO2018227796A1 PCT/CN2017/101486 CN2017101486W WO2018227796A1 WO 2018227796 A1 WO2018227796 A1 WO 2018227796A1 CN 2017101486 W CN2017101486 W CN 2017101486W WO 2018227796 A1 WO2018227796 A1 WO 2018227796A1
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water
engine
combustion chamber
circulation system
injection pump
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PCT/CN2017/101486
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English (en)
French (fr)
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宋明富
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中创新核（北京）科技有限公司
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Publication of WO2018227796A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018227796A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M25/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture
    • F02M25/022—Adding fuel and water emulsion, water or steam
    • F02M25/025—Adding water

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  • the invention relates to the technical field of engines, and in particular to an internal heat steam synergistic engine.
  • the present invention provides an internal heat steam synergistic engine including an engine body, a preheating water circulation system, a high pressure water injection pump, a plurality of nozzles, and a water spray control device, and the water spray control device Electrically connecting with the high pressure water injection pump, the plurality of nozzles are fixedly mounted on an inner wall of the combustion chamber of the engine body, and a water inlet of the preheating water circulation system is connected to a water outlet of the high pressure water injection pump, the preheating The water outlet of the water circulation system is connected to the nozzle, and the preheated water circulation system absorbs heat in the combustion chamber casing and the exhaust pipe of the engine to form heated boiling water, and the heated boiling water is sprayed into the combustion chamber of the engine body through the nozzle.
  • the preheated water circulation system includes a cavity disposed in a combustion chamber housing of the engine body, a water outlet of the cavity is connected to the nozzle, and a water inlet of the cavity is The water outlet of the high pressure water injection pump is connected.
  • the preheated water circulation system further includes a heat exchange tube, and a water inlet of the heat exchange tube is connected to a water outlet of the high pressure water injection pump, and a water outlet of the heat exchange tube and a water inlet of the cavity connection.
  • a baffle is installed in the cavity.
  • the engine body is a piston internal combustion engine, a jet engine, a turbine engine, a press engine or a rocket engine.
  • an insulation layer is disposed outside the engine body.
  • the nozzle sprays the preheated boiling water into the combustion chamber of the engine body after ignition in the combustion chamber of the engine body.
  • the invention has the following advantages: the internal heat steam synergistic engine of the invention fully utilizes the heat energy that the original engine wastes as waste heat, and converts the negative effect of the superheated heat energy which originally caused the damage of the body into a preheated water circulation system for preheating the water. Heat, while cooling the engine body to make the preheated water into boiling water, by injecting the preheated boiling water into the combustion chamber of the engine, and then heating the water mist again through the flame in the combustion chamber, the boiling water is heated to become high pressure and high temperature water vapor, so that The volume of gas after combustion in the combustion chamber is greatly increased, thereby increasing the pressure in the combustion chamber and improving the thermal efficiency of the engine.
  • the internal heat steam synergistic engine of the present invention has the advantages of high thermal efficiency, low fuel consumption, low air pollution emissions, and long engine life.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional structural view showing a jet engine in a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional structural view of the jet engine housing of FIG. 1.
  • Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional structural view showing the movement of the piston of the engine of the internal combustion engine to the top dead center in the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional structural view showing the piston movement of the engine of the internal combustion engine to the bottom dead center in the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a commutation principle of a cam according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • the internal heat steam boosting engine includes an engine body 1, a preheating water circulation system 2, a high pressure water injection pump 3, a plurality of nozzles 4, and a water spray control device 5, which in this embodiment is a jet.
  • the engine, the preheating water circulation system 2 is a cavity 21 disposed in the flame cylinder casing 14 of the jet engine, and the cavity 21 is spirally disposed in the flame cylinder casing 14 in order to prevent a water flow dead angle in the cavity 21, resulting in Part of the water flow cannot flow smoothly, and the flow guiding body 23 is installed in the cavity 21, and the flow of the water in the cavity 21 can only flow along the guiding route of the flow guiding baffle 23, which improves the pre-flow.
  • the hot water circulation system 2 preheats the water flow efficiency, and prevents the formation of a water flow dead angle in the cavity 21.
  • the water inlet of the cavity 21 is disposed on the flame cylinder casing 14 near the nozzle, and the water inlet of the cavity 21 is connected to the water outlet of the high pressure water injection pump 3, and the water outlet of the cavity 21 is connected to the nozzle 4.
  • the water spray control device 5 is electrically connected to the high pressure water injection pump 3 for adjusting the rotation speed of the high pressure water injection pump 3 according to the output efficiency of the jet engine, thereby adjusting the amount of water sprayed by the nozzle 4, and the nozzle 4 is fixedly mounted on the jet engine flame.
  • the high-pressure fuel is sprayed through the fuel nozzle, and the high-temperature and high-pressure flame generated by the combustion in the combustion chamber 15 is sprayed backward, and the thrust is generated to push the aircraft forward.
  • the flame temperature of the combustion chamber 15 is as high as about 2000 ° C, due to the flame cylinder casing of the jet engine.
  • the temperature near the tail of the jet engine is relatively low, and the high pressure water injection pump 3 injects water to be preheated into the cavity 21 through the water inlet to perform preliminary preheating at the tail of the jet engine, and the water in the cavity 21 is in the baffle 23 Under the action of the engine, from the tail of the engine to the front end of the combustion chamber 15, the temperature of the water is further increased due to the higher temperature of the front end of the combustion chamber 15, and the heated water flows back to the rear of the jet engine and is sprayed from the nozzle 4.
  • the preheated water has reached or exceeded the boiling point, and the high-pressure sprayed water mist is further heated into high-temperature and high-pressure water vapor under the action of the high-temperature flame at the tail of the combustion chamber 15, and the volume is greatly increased, thereby increasing Large combustion chamber 15
  • the pressure in the tail increases the pressure of the gas emitted from the engine, which improves the thermal efficiency of the engine.
  • the combustion chamber does not consume too much heat in the combustion chamber 15 due to the proper amount of preheated water mist becoming water vapor.
  • the volume of 15 gas is only slightly reduced, and the volume of water vapor is nearly 1000 times higher than that of water in the mist before the preheating.
  • the water vapor is ejected from the tail of the jet engine together with the high temperature gas generated by the jet fuel. Therefore, The thrust generated by the jet engine will increase greatly, saving fuel and increasing thrust. It also saves energy and environmental protection, and reduces the temperature of the jet engine body to achieve the effect of water cooling.
  • an engine casing is additionally provided with an insulating layer.
  • the present embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the engine body in the present embodiment is a piston internal combustion engine, and the nozzle 4 is fixedly mounted on the top of the cylinder 16 of the internal combustion engine, and the preheated water circulation is performed.
  • the system 2 includes a plurality of cavities 21 disposed in the cylinder housing.
  • the preheating water circulation system 2 in this embodiment further includes a heat exchange tube 22 fixedly mounted in an exhaust pipe of the engine of the internal combustion engine, and the heat exchange is performed.
  • the water inlet of the tube 22 is connected to the water outlet of the high pressure water injection pump 3, and the water outlet of the heat exchange tube 22 is connected to the water inlet of the chamber 21.
  • the water pumped by the high pressure water injection pump 3 is in the heat exchange tube 22, and the heat exchange tube 22 preheats the water by using the heat in the exhaust pipe, and the preheated water enters the cavity 21 for secondary preheating. Eventually the water reaches the boiling point. Further, in order to prevent heat loss of the engine of the internal combustion engine, the heating efficiency of the water in the preheated water circulation system 2 is increased, and an insulation layer is provided outside the engine of the internal combustion engine.
  • the water in the cavity 21 not only improves the thermal efficiency of the internal combustion engine, but also cools the components of the internal combustion engine. Compared with the conventional air cooling, the cooling effect of the water cooling is better, and the service life of the internal combustion engine is prolonged.
  • the position at which the piston 11 is at a maximum distance from the center of the crankshaft is referred to as a top dead center
  • the position at which the piston top is at a minimum distance from the center of the crankshaft is referred to as a bottom dead center.
  • the high temperature and high pressure gas generated by the combustion in the cylinder 16 pushes the piston 11 downward, and drives the crankshaft to rotate to generate power.
  • the flame temperature in the cylinder 16 is as high as about 2000 ° C
  • the water pumped by the high pressure water injection pump 3 is in the heat exchange tube 22
  • Initial preheating is performed, and the preheated water is again introduced into the cavity 21 for secondary preheating.
  • the water finally reaches the boiling point and is in the piston 11 direction.
  • the nozzle 4 is sprayed into the cylinder.
  • the spray time of the nozzle 4 can be controlled by the spray cam 17, and the spray cam 17 is rotatably mounted on the crankshaft when the spray cam 17 is rotated to 5-10 degrees after top dead center, at this time, the oil mist in the cylinder has been ignited, the spray cam 17 controls the nozzle 4 to spray water mist, and the spray cam 17 controls the nozzle 4 to work in the same principle as the timing gear control spark plug 13 No longer detailed.
  • the water mist sprayed by the high pressure is heated into a high temperature water vapor under the action of the high temperature flame in the cylinder 16, and the volume is greatly increased, thereby increasing the pressure in the cylinder 16, and improving the thermal efficiency of the engine.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)

Abstract

一种内热蒸汽增效发动机，该增效发动机包括发动机本体(1)、预热水循环系统(2)、高压注水泵(3)、若干喷嘴(4)和喷水控制装置(5)，喷水控制装置(5)与高压注水泵(3)电连接，若干喷嘴(4)固定安装在发动机本体(1)燃烧室的内壁上，预热水循环系统(2)的进水口与高压注水泵(3)的出水口连接，预热水循环系统(2)的出水口与喷嘴(4)连接，预热水循环系统(2)用于吸收发动机燃烧室壳体及排气管中的热量使预热水循环系统内的水加热至沸腾，通过向发动机本体(1)的燃烧室内喷入预热后的沸水，再通过燃烧室内的火焰对水雾再次加热，水雾受热后变成高温高压水蒸汽，使得燃烧室内气体体积大大增加，进而增大燃烧室内的压力。该发动机具有热效率高、燃料消耗低、空气污染排放低和发动机寿命长的优点。

Description

一种内热蒸汽增效发动机 技术领域
本发明涉及发动机技术领域，具体涉及一种内热蒸汽增效发动机。
背景技术
当今世界以石化燃料为动力的发动机，无论是航空喷气发动机、船用柴油发动机以及各种车用发动机普遍存在热效率低、燃料消耗高和空气污染排放高的问题，此外有些发动机内部工作温度高，造成发动机部件易损，影响发动机寿命和工作的稳定性。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种内热蒸汽增效发动机，用以解决现有的发动机存在燃料利用率低、热效率低、燃料消耗高、空气污染排放高和发动机寿命短的问题。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供一种内热蒸汽增效发动机，所述内热蒸汽增效发动机包括发动机本体、预热水循环系统、高压注水泵、若干喷嘴和喷水控制装置，所述喷水控制装置与所述高压注水泵电连接，所述若干喷嘴固定安装在所述发动机本体燃烧室的内壁上，所述预热水循环系统的进水口与所述高压注水泵的出水口连接，所述预热水循环系统的出水口与所述喷嘴连接，所述预热水循环系统吸收发动机燃烧室壳体及排气管中的热量形成加热沸水，加热沸水通过所述喷嘴喷入发动机本体的燃烧室中。
优选的，所述预热水循环系统包括设置在所述发动机本体燃烧室壳体中的腔体，所述腔体的出水口与所述喷嘴连接，所述腔体的进水口与 所述高压注水泵的出水口连接。
优选的，所述预热水循环系统还包括热交换管，所述热交换管的进水口与所述高压注水泵的出水口连接，所述热交换管的出水口与所述腔体的进水口连接。
优选的，所述腔体内安装有导流隔板。
优选的，所述发动机本体为活塞式内燃机发动机、喷气机发动机、涡轮机发动机、冲压机发动机或火箭发动机。
优选的，所述发动机本体外部设置有保温层。
优选的，所述喷嘴是在发动机本体的燃烧室中点火之后将预热后的沸水喷入发动机本体的燃烧室中。
本发明具有如下优点：本发明的内热蒸汽增效发动机将原来发动机当作废热浪费掉的热能充分加以利用，把原来造成机体损坏的过热热能的负作用转化为预热水循环系统用于将水预热，同时冷却发动机本体使预热水成为沸水，通过向发动机的燃烧室内喷入预热后的沸水，再经过燃烧室内的火焰对水雾再次加热，沸水受热后变成高压高温水蒸气，使得燃烧室内燃烧后的气体体积大大增加，进而增大燃烧室内的压力，提高了发动机的热效率。本发明的内热蒸汽增效发动机具有热效率高、燃料消耗低、空气污染排放低和发动机寿命长的优点。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例1中喷气发动机的剖面结构示意图。
图2为图1的喷气发动机壳体的剖面结构示意图。
图3为本发明实施例2中内燃机发动机活塞运动至上止点的剖面结构示意图。
图4为本发明实施例2中内燃机发动机活塞运动至下止点的剖面结构示意图。
图5为本发明实施例2中凸轮的换向原理结构示意图。
具体实施方式
以下实施例用于说明本发明，但不用来限制本发明的范围。
实施例1
如图1和2所示，该内热蒸汽增效发动机包括发动机本体1、预热水循环系统2、高压注水泵3、若干喷嘴4和喷水控制装置5，发动机本体1在本实施例中为喷气发动机，预热水循环系统2为设置在喷气发动机的火焰筒壳体14中的腔体21，腔体21呈螺旋状设置在火焰筒壳体14中，为了防止腔体21内出现水流死角，导致部分水流无法畅通流动，腔体21内安装有导流隔板23，通过导流隔板23，使得腔体21内的水流只能沿着导流隔板23的导向路线流动，既提高了预热水循环系统2对水流预热效率，又防止腔体21内水流死角的形成。腔体21的进水口设置在火焰筒壳体14上靠近喷口处，腔体21的进水口与高压注水泵3的出水口连接，腔体21的出水口与喷嘴4连接。喷水控制装置5与高压注水泵3电连接，喷水控制装置5用于根据喷气发动机输出效率调节高压注水泵3的转速，进而调节喷嘴4喷出的水量，喷嘴4固定安装在喷气发动机火焰筒壳体14的内壁上。
喷气发动机起动后高压燃油经燃油喷嘴喷出，在燃烧室15燃烧产生的高温高压火焰向后喷射，产生推力推动飞机前进，燃烧室15火焰温度高达2000℃左右，由于喷气发动机的火焰筒壳体14靠近喷气发动机尾部的温度相对较低，高压注水泵3通过进水口向腔体21内注入需要预热的水在喷气发动机尾部进行初步预热，腔体21内的水在导流隔板23的作用下，从发动机尾部流向燃烧室15的前端，由于燃烧室15前端的温度较高，水的温度得到进一步的提高，加热后的水再流回到喷气发动机中后部并从喷嘴4喷入燃烧室15尾部，此时，预热后的水已经达到或超过沸点，高压喷出的水雾在燃烧室15尾部高温火焰作用下，进一步加热成高温高压水蒸气，体积大大增加，进而增大燃烧室15 尾部内的压力，使得发动机喷出的气体压力增大，提高了发动机的热效率，此时，由于适量经预热的水雾变为水蒸气并未消耗燃烧室15内太多的热量，燃烧室15气体的体积只是稍有减小，水蒸气体积却比水雾中的水在预热前增加近1000倍，水蒸汽与喷气发动机燃油产生的高温气体一同从喷气发动机的尾部喷出，因此，喷气发动机产生的推力将有大幅增加，既节省燃料又增加推力还节能环保一举多得，又降低喷气发动机机体温度，达到水冷降温的效果。
为进一步提高发动机热效率，发动机壳体外加装有保温层。
实施例2
如图3、4、5所示，本实施例与实施例1的不同之处在于，本实施例中的发动机本体为活塞内燃机发动机，喷嘴4固定安装在内燃机发动机气缸16的顶部，预热水循环系统2包括若干设置在气缸壳体中的腔体21，此外，本实施例中的预热水循环系统2还包括热交换管22，热交换管22固定安装在内燃机发动机的排气管内，热交换管22的进水口与高压注水泵3的出水口连接，热交换管22的出水口与腔体21的进水口连接。高压注水泵3泵入的水在热交换管22中，热交换管22利用排气管中的热量对水进行初步预热，预热后的水再进入腔体21中进行二次预热，最终使得水达到沸点。进一步的，为了防止内燃机发动机的热量散失，提高预热水循环系统2对水的加热效率，内燃机发动机的外部设置有保温层。腔体21中的水既提高了内燃机发动机的热效率，又对内燃发动机的部件进行降温，相对于传统的风冷，水冷的冷却效果更好，延长了内燃机发动机的使用寿命。
内燃机发动机的活塞11运动时，活塞11顶离曲轴中心最大距离时的位置称为上止点，活塞顶离曲轴中心最小距离时的位置称为下止点。内燃机发动机启动后，当活塞11从下至点向上止点运动过程中，凸轮12转动至上止点前10-12度时，汽油发动机火花塞13在正时齿轮的控制下点火(柴油发动机高压燃油在正时齿轮的控制下经燃油喷嘴喷 出)，正时齿轮控制火花塞13点火为现有技术，在此不在详细介绍。气缸16内燃烧产生的高温高压气体推动活塞11向下运动，并带动曲轴旋转产生动力，此时气缸16内火焰温度高达2000℃左右，同时，高压注水泵3泵入的水在热交换管22中进行初步预热，预热后的水再进入腔体21中进行二次预热，在气缸16内的高温气体和热交换管22的共同作用下，最终使得水达到沸点并在活塞11向下运动过程中通过喷嘴4喷入气缸，为了准确控制喷嘴4喷出水雾的时间，喷嘴4的喷雾时间可由喷雾凸轮17控制，喷雾凸轮17转动地安装在曲轴上，当喷雾凸轮17转动到上止点后5-10度时，此时气缸内的油雾已经点燃，喷雾凸轮17控制喷嘴4喷出水雾，喷雾凸轮17控制喷嘴4工作原理与正时齿轮控制火花塞13点火原理相同，不再详细介绍。高压喷出的水雾在气缸16内高温火焰的作用下，加热成高温水蒸气，体积大大增加，进而增大气缸16内的压力，提高了内燃机发动机的热效率。此时，由于适量经预热的高温水雾变为水蒸气未消耗气缸16内太多的热量，气缸16内高温气体的体积只是减小很少一部分，水蒸汽体积却比水雾中的水在预热前增加近1000倍，高温高压水蒸汽和燃烧后的高温气体一同推动内燃机发动机的活塞向下推动曲轴做功，然后经排气管排出，因此，内燃机发动机产生的推力将有大幅增加，越是大型发动机效率提高越大，既节省燃料又增加推力还节能环保一举多得。
虽然，上文中已经用一般性说明及具体实施例对本发明作了详尽的描述，但在本发明基础上，可以对之做一些修改或改进，这对本领域技术人员而言是显而易见的。因此，在不偏离本发明精神的基础上所做的这些修改或改进，均属于本发明要求保护的范围。

Claims (7)

  1. 一种内热蒸汽增效发动机，所述内热蒸汽增效发动机包括发动机本体、预热水循环系统、高压注水泵、若干喷嘴和喷水控制装置，其特征在于，
    所述喷水控制装置与所述高压注水泵电连接，所述若干喷嘴固定安装在所述发动机本体燃烧室的内壁上，所述预热水循环系统的进水口与所述高压注水泵的出水口连接，所述预热水循环系统的出水口与所述喷嘴连接，所述预热水循环系统吸收发动机燃烧室壳体及排气管中的热量形成加热沸水，加热沸水通过所述喷嘴喷入发动机本体的燃烧室中。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的内热蒸汽增效发动机，其特征在于，
    所述预热水循环系统包括设置在所述发动机本体燃烧室壳体中的腔体，所述腔体的出水口与所述喷嘴连接，所述腔体的进水口与所述高压注水泵的出水口连接。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的内热蒸汽增效发动机，其特征在于，
    所述预热水循环系统还包括热交换管，所述热交换管的进水口与所述高压注水泵的出水口连接，所述热交换管的出水口与所述腔体的进水口连接。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的内热蒸汽增效发动机，其特征在于，
    所述腔体内安装有导流隔板。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的内热蒸汽增效发动机，其特征在于，
    所述发动机本体为活塞式内燃机发动机、喷气机发动机、涡轮机发动机、冲压机发动机或火箭发动机。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的内热蒸汽增效发动机，其特征在于，
    所述发动机本体外部设置有保温层。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的内热蒸汽增效发动机，其特征在于，
    所述喷嘴是在发动机本体的燃烧室中点火之后将预热后的沸水喷入发动机本体的燃烧室中。
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