WO2018227587A1

WO2018227587A1 - Method for preparing anti-smog nonwoven fabric

Info

Publication number: WO2018227587A1
Application number: PCT/CN2017/088726
Authority: WO
Inventors: 陈少军; 卓海涛; 李珂尧
Original assignee: 深圳大学
Priority date: 2017-06-16
Filing date: 2017-06-16
Publication date: 2018-12-20

Abstract

Provided is a method for preparing an anti-smog nonwoven fabric, which relates to the technical field of nonwoven fabric preparation. The method comprises: selecting a zwitterionic polyurethane containing a betaine group as a raw material; configuring the raw material into a first solution and a second solution having mass fractions of 15-35% and 3-10%, respectively; using electrospinning technology to spin the first solution so as to prepare a nonwoven fabric scaffold having a diameter of 1.0-2.0 μm; spinning the second solution on the nonwoven fabric scaffold to obtain a nanofiber of 200 nm-500 nm, so that the nonwoven fabric scaffold and the nanofiber are interlaced to form an anti-smog nonwoven fabric having a large number of porous structures, the ratio between the amount of nanofiber to the amount of fiber that serves as the nonwoven fabric scaffold being 19:1-19. Since the fiber that is prepared by spinning the first solution is thick, the mechanical properties of the nonwoven fabric may be improved. In addition, the betaine group has a good antibacterial effect, and may prevent the spread of bacteria in smog.

Description

Preparation method of anti-fog nonwoven fabric

Technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of non-woven fabric preparation, and in particular relates to a preparation method of an anti-fog nonwoven fabric.

Background technique

In recent years, many cities at home and abroad have frequently experienced haze weather, which seriously affects the health of residents. The smog contains a lot of dust and germs, and a large amount of inhalation of dust can cause great damage to the human respiratory system. Therefore, we actively research and promote anti-fog products at home and abroad, including anti-fog screens and anti-fog masks, air statics and so on.

Currently, nanofiber nonwoven fabrics are used to prevent smog. Typically, electrospinning techniques are used to prepare nanofibers, which are woven into nonwovens using conventional textile methods. Among them, the obtained nonwoven fabric includes a large number of pore structures formed by staggering nanofibers, and the void structure can block a large amount of dust in the mist. However, the nanofiber prepared by using the ordinary textile method without the anti-cloth has no antibacterial effect, and can not completely prevent the spread of bacteria in the haze, and the mechanical properties of the nanofiber prepared by the conventional electrospinning are too poor. The pore structure is easily destroyed.

technical problem

The invention provides a preparation method of an anti-fog non-woven fabric, which aims to solve the problem that the existing anti-fog non-woven fabric has no antibacterial effect, can not completely prevent the spread of bacteria in the haze, and is prepared by conventional electrospinning. The mechanical properties of nanofibers are too poor and the pore structure is easily destroyed.

Technical solution

The invention provides a method for preparing an anti-fog nonwoven fabric, comprising:

Selecting a zwitterionic polyurethane having a beet base group having a molecular weight of 50,000 to 100,000 as a raw material;

The raw materials are respectively configured into a first solution and a second solution having a mass fraction of 15 to 35% and 3% to 10%;

The first solution is spun by electrospinning to prepare a non-woven fabric scaffold having a diameter of 1.0 to 2.0 μm, and the second solution is spun on the non-woven fabric scaffold to obtain nanofibers of 200 nm to 500 nm. The non-woven fabric support and the nanofibers are interdigitated to form the anti-fog nonwoven fabric comprising a plurality of pore structures.

Wherein, the ratio of the number of the nanofibers to the fibers as the non-woven fabric support is 19:1 to 19.

Beneficial effect

The invention provides a method for preparing an anti-fog nonwoven fabric, which comprises preparing a non-woven fabric stent by spinning a first solution having a mass fraction of 15 to 35%, and spinning the second solution on the non-woven fabric support, The nonwoven fabric thus obtained, because of the high mass fraction of the first solution, has a relatively large fiber and good mechanical properties, thereby improving the mechanical properties of the nonwoven fabric. In addition, the raw materials of the first solution and the second solution each contain a beet base group, and the bead base group has a good bacteriostatic action, so that the obtained non-woven fabric can prevent the spread of bacteria in the smog.

DRAWINGS

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only It is some embodiments of the invention.

1 is a scanning electron micrograph of an anti-fog nonwoven fabric obtained by the method of the embodiment of the present invention;

2 is an infrared spectrum test chart of the zwitterionic polyurethane prepared in Example 1 of the present invention;

Figure 3 is a schematic view showing the blank components of Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus culture in Example 3 of the present invention;

4 is a schematic view showing the culture of Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus after adding zwitterionic polyurethane in Example 3 of the present invention;

Figure 5 is a photograph of an anti-fog nonwoven fabric obtained by the method of the present invention attached to a mesh.

Embodiments of the invention

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. The embodiments are merely a part of the embodiments of the invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts are within the scope of the present invention.

The preparation method of the anti-fog nonwoven fabric provided by the example of the invention mainly comprises the following steps:

Disposing the raw materials into a first solution and a second solution having a mass fraction of 15 to 35% and 3% to 10%, respectively;

The first solution is spun by an electrospinning technique to prepare a nonwoven fabric support, and the second solution is spun on the nonwoven fabric support to obtain the anti-fog nonwoven fabric in which nanofibers are interlaced.

Among them, the ratio of the number of nanofibers to fibers as a nonwoven fabric support is 19:1 to 19.

The preparation method of the anti-fog nonwoven fabric provided by the embodiment of the invention, the non-woven fabric prepared by the method comprises two distinct types of fibers with different thicknesses, wherein the coarse fiber has a mass fraction of 18-22%. It is prepared by a solution having a diameter of 1.0 to 2.0 μm, which accounts for 5% to 50% of the amount of fibers in the nonwoven fabric, and mainly provides a stent effect. The fine fiber is prepared from a second solution having a mass fraction of 4 to 6%, and has a diameter of 200 nm to 500 nm, which accounts for 50% to 95% of the amount of fibers in the nonwoven fabric, and the main function is to form a large number of pores on the coarse fibers. The structure is convenient for filtering dust in the smog. As shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 1 is a scanning electron micrograph of an anti-fog nonwoven fabric obtained by the method of the embodiment of the present invention. As can be seen from Fig. 1, the fibers are densely packed, and the pore structure has a diameter of 1.0 to 3.0 μm, and can have both good gas permeability and anti-fog effect. In addition, since the raw material used for preparing the anti-fog nonwoven fabric contains a beet base group having a bacteriostatic action, the spread of bacteria in the haze can be well prevented.

Specifically, a zwitterionic polyurethane having a molecular weight of 50,000 to 100,000 containing a beet base group is selected as a raw material, wherein the zwitterionic ion in the zwitterionic polyurethane is an anionic group and a cationic group. The anionic group is at least one of a sulfonic acid anionic group, a carboxylic acid anionic group, or a phosphate anion group. The cationic group is at least one of a quaternary ammonium ion group, a pyridinium salt group, or an imidazolium salt ion group. It should be noted that the above anionic group and cationic group together constitute a beet base group. In one embodiment of the present invention, in the preparation of the zwitterionic polyurethane, N-methyl glycol, hexamethylene diisocyanate and 1,3-propane sultone are synthesized to obtain a bisexual quaternary quaternary cation and a sulfonic acid anion. Ionic polyurethane, wherein the zwitterionic polyurethane obtained has a molecular weight of 50,000-100,000.

Preferably, the raw materials are separately configured into a first solution and a second solution having a mass fraction of 18 to 22% and 4 to 6%. More preferably, the mass fraction is divided into 20% and 5%. The solvent in which the first solution and the second solution are disposed is any one of N,N-dimethylformamide, N,N-dimethylacetamide, tetrahydrofuran, and pyrrolidone. Preferably, the solvent in the first solution is the same as the solvent in the second solution.

The first solution is spun by electrospinning to prepare a non-woven fabric scaffold having a diameter of 1.0-2.0 μm, and the second solution is spun on the non-woven scaffold to obtain nanofibers of 200 nm to 500 nm, so that the non-woven fabric scaffold The nanofibers are interdigitated to form an anti-fog nonwoven fabric comprising a large number of pore structures. The spinning time of the first solution is 10 to 30 minutes, preferably 20 minutes, and the number of fibers obtained as the nonwoven fabric support is 5 to 50% of the total amount of the nonwoven fabric fibers. The spinning time of the second solution is 60-100 min, preferably 80 min, and the obtained nanofibers account for 50-95% of the total amount of the non-woven fabric fibers, thus obtaining nanofibers and fibers as a non-woven support. The number ratio is 19:1~19. The pores formed are 1.0 to 3.0 μm, and the obtained nonwoven fabric has a thickness of 10 to 50 μm. The process parameters used in the electrospinning technology are: voltage 15~30kv, receiving distance of about 15~30cm, injection rate: 0.01~0.05ml/ Min.

The anti-fog nonwoven fabric obtained by using the embodiment of the present invention is used in a mask, a screen window or an air cleaner to prevent smog. Embodiments of the present invention also include a mask comprising the anti-smog nonwoven fabric produced by the above method. Embodiments of the present invention also include a screen window comprising the anti-smog nonwoven fabric produced by the above method.

Example 1

Synthesizing N-methyl glycol, hexamethylene diisocyanate and 1,3-propane sultone into a polyurethane comprising a quaternary ammonium cation and a sulfonic acid anion, wherein the zwitterionic group has a mass fraction of 30%, The prepared zwitterionic polyurethane has a molecular weight of 50,000-100,000;

Dissolving the polyurethane in N,N-dimethylacetamide, and configuring the first solution having a mass fraction of 20% and the second solution having a mass fraction of 5%;

Spinning the first solution for 20 min using an electrospinning machine to obtain a nonwoven fabric scaffold formed of coarser fibers;

Using the same process parameters, the second solution was spun on the non-woven fabric support for 40 min to obtain nano-fibers, so that the nano-fibers were interlaced on each other on the non-woven fabric support, and the layers were stacked to form a large number of void-structured anti-fog and non-woven fabrics. The cloth, wherein the pore structure has a diameter of 1 to 3 μm.

Example 2

Synthesizing N-methyl glycol, hexamethylene diisocyanate and 1,3-propane sultone into a polyurethane comprising a quaternary ammonium cation and a sulfonic acid anion, wherein the zwitterionic group has a mass fraction of 40%, The prepared zwitterionic polyurethane has a molecular weight of 50,000-100,000;

Dissolving the polyurethane in tetrahydrofuran, disposing the first solution having a mass fraction of 20% and the second solution having a mass fraction of 5%;

Using the same process parameters, the second solution was spun on the non-woven fabric support for 80 min to obtain nano-fibers, so that the nano-fibers were interlaced on each other on the non-woven fabric support, and the layers were stacked to form a large number of void-structured anti-fog and non-woven fabrics. The cloth, wherein the pore structure has a diameter of 1 to 3 μm.

Example 3

Synthesizing N-methyl glycol, hexamethylene diisocyanate and 1,3-propane sultone into a polyurethane comprising a quaternary ammonium cation and a sulfonic acid anion, wherein the zwitterionic group has a mass fraction of 35%, The prepared zwitterionic polyurethane has a molecular weight of 50,000-100,000;

Dissolving polyurethane in pyrrolidone, configuring a first solution having a mass fraction of 20% and a second solution having a mass fraction of 5%;

The first solution was spun for 15 min using an electrospinning machine with a mesh as a base to obtain a non-woven fabric scaffold formed of coarser fibers;

Using the same process parameters, the second solution was spun on the non-woven fabric support for 35 min to obtain nano-fibers, so that the nano-fibers were interlaced on the non-woven fabric support and stacked in layers to form a large number of void-structured anti-fog and non-woven fabrics. The cloth, wherein the pore structure has a diameter of 1 to 3 μm.

In the above examples, the polyurethane synthesized by N-methyl glycol, hexamethylene diisocyanate and 1,3-propane sultone was subjected to infrared spectroscopy, and the results are shown in Fig. 2 at 960 cm-1. The stretching vibration peak is the quaternary ammonium ion absorption peak; and the vibration peak of 1038 cm-1 is the absorption peak of the sulfonic acid anion group, confirming the formation of the zwitterionic polyurethane. After the polyurethane of Example 2 and the Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus were cultured for 12 hours, the polyurethane component was removed, and the culture was continued using a nutrient solution. The colonies in the culture solution were compared with the blank components, as shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, wherein Fig. 3 is a blank component, and Fig. 4 is a colony in the culture solution after the addition of the polyurethane. Obviously, the colonies in Fig. 4 were significantly less than the colonies in Fig. 3, and it was found that the polyurethane had a better bacteriostatic effect. In the third embodiment, the obtained nonwoven fabric is directly received on the mesh with the mesh as the bottom surface, as shown in FIG. 5, and FIG. 5 is a picture in which the anti-fog nonwoven fabric is attached to the mesh, as can be seen from FIG. The white bottom surface can be observed by the mesh yarn, and has a light transmitting effect. Therefore, the nonwoven fabric obtained by the above embodiment can also be applied to the screen window, and not only light transmission but also fogging can be prevented.

The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection of the present invention. Within the scope.

Claims

A method for preparing an anti-fog nonwoven fabric, characterized in that the method comprises:

Selecting a zwitterionic polyurethane having a beet base group having a molecular weight of 50,000 to 100,000 as a raw material;

The raw materials are respectively configured into a first solution and a second solution having a mass fraction of 15 to 35% and 3% to 10%;

Spinning the first solution to prepare a non-woven fabric scaffold having a diameter of 1.0 to 2.0 μm by electrospinning, and spinning the second solution onto the non-woven fabric scaffold to obtain 200 Nanofibers of nm to 500 nm, such that the non-woven fabric scaffold and the nanofibers are interlaced to form the anti-fog nonwoven fabric comprising a large number of pore structures;

Wherein, the ratio of the number of the nanofibers to the fibers as the non-woven fabric support is 19:1-19.
The method according to claim 1, wherein the anionic group of the zwitterionic polyurethane is at least one of a sulfonic acid anion group, a carboxylate anion group, and a phosphate anion group.
The method according to claim 2, wherein the cationic group of the zwitterionic polyurethane is at least one of a quaternary ammonium ion group, a pyridinium salt group, and an imidazolium salt group.
The method for preparing an anti-fog nonwoven fabric according to claim 3, wherein the preparation method of the zwitterionic polyurethane comprises:

N-methylglycol, hexamethylene diisocyanate, and 1,3-propane sultone are synthesized into the zwitterionic polyurethane containing the quaternary ammonium cation and the sulfonic acid anion.
The method of claim 1 wherein said first solution has a mass fraction of from 18 to 22%.
The method of claim 1 wherein said second solution has a mass fraction of from 4 to 6%.
The method according to claim 1, wherein the solvent of the first solution and the second solution is N,N-dimethylformamide, N,N-dimethylacetamide, tetrahydrofuran and pyrrolidone Any of them.
The method according to claim 7, wherein the solvent of the first solution and the solvent of the second solution are the same.
The method according to claim 1, wherein the electrospinning technique adopts a process parameter of: a voltage of 15 to 30 kV, a receiving distance of about 15 to 30 cm, and an injection rate of 0.01 to 0.05. mL/min.
An anti-fog mask, characterized in that the mask comprises: an anti-fog nonwoven fabric prepared by the method of any one of claims 1-8.