WO2018224050A1 - 离子迁移率分析装置及所应用的分析方法 - Google Patents

离子迁移率分析装置及所应用的分析方法 Download PDF

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WO2018224050A1
WO2018224050A1 PCT/CN2018/091605 CN2018091605W WO2018224050A1 WO 2018224050 A1 WO2018224050 A1 WO 2018224050A1 CN 2018091605 W CN2018091605 W CN 2018091605W WO 2018224050 A1 WO2018224050 A1 WO 2018224050A1
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ion
ions
electric field
migration
gas flow
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PCT/CN2018/091605
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English (en)
French (fr)
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吉尔里格肯特·詹姆斯
王珂珂
孙文剑
张小强
程玉鹏
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岛津分析技术研发（上海）有限公司
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Priority to US16/321,108 priority Critical patent/US11164735B2/en
Priority to EP18813489.4A priority patent/EP3637454A4/en
Priority to JP2019527946A priority patent/JP6799158B2/ja
Publication of WO2018224050A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018224050A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J49/00—Particle spectrometers or separator tubes
    • H01J49/02—Details
    • H01J49/06—Electron- or ion-optical arrangements
    • H01J49/062—Ion guides
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
    • G01N27/62—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating the ionisation of gases, e.g. aerosols; by investigating electric discharges, e.g. emission of cathode
    • G01N27/622—Ion mobility spectrometry
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
    • G01N27/62—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating the ionisation of gases, e.g. aerosols; by investigating electric discharges, e.g. emission of cathode
    • G01N27/622—Ion mobility spectrometry
    • G01N27/623—Ion mobility spectrometry combined with mass spectrometry
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
    • G01N27/62—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating the ionisation of gases, e.g. aerosols; by investigating electric discharges, e.g. emission of cathode
    • G01N27/622—Ion mobility spectrometry
    • G01N27/624—Differential mobility spectrometry [DMS]; Field asymmetric-waveform ion mobility spectrometry [FAIMS]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J49/00—Particle spectrometers or separator tubes
    • H01J49/02—Details
    • H01J49/06—Electron- or ion-optical arrangements
    • H01J49/062—Ion guides
    • H01J49/063—Multipole ion guides, e.g. quadrupoles, hexapoles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J49/00—Particle spectrometers or separator tubes
    • H01J49/26—Mass spectrometers or separator tubes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of ion mobility analysis, in particular to an ion mobility analysis device and an analysis method applied thereto.
  • the resolution and sensitivity of these two ion mobility spectra are limited by diffusion.
  • the resolution of the traditional time-of-flight ion mobility spectrum can be increased by increasing the length of the migration tube and the electric field strength. It can also attenuate the diffusion pair by increasing the radial electric field (RF ion funnel, RF quadrupole field and DC period electrostatic field). The impact of the rate.
  • the time-of-flight ion mobility spectrum can complete an ion mobility spectrum in a very short time. A resolution greater than 100 can be obtained in a few milliseconds. But its main drawback is that the higher the resolution, the lower the duty cycle.
  • Zeleny (Zeleny, J. Philos. Mag. 46, 120 (1898)) proposed in his parallel flow analyzer that the direction of the gas flow can be opposite to the direction of the electric field. There are two parallel grids in his analyzer, and the ions are balanced under the opposite forces of airflow and electric field.
  • Laiko ((Laiko, Victor V. Journal of The American Society for Mass Spectrometry 17.4 (2006): 500-507) has improved the Zeleny device, which includes a nonlinear electric field with a direction opposite to the direction of the gas flow. Under the combined action of electric field and gas flow, ions with different mobility are separated.
  • Loboda uses a slowly increasing uniform electric field to push the ions through the analyzer against the action of the gas stream.
  • Gillig uses a combined electric field whose direction is perpendicular to and opposite to the gas flow.
  • the driving ions reach the detector against the action of the gas flow.
  • the device with a higher working pressure than the loboda device has a higher resolution, but the Park device has three disadvantages: a longer dwell time when not in use;
  • the number of ions of a particular mobility captured in one analysis is limited, which makes the sensitivity and duty cycle of the device low; and the migration gas of the device can only be air, which makes the measured mobility inaccurate.
  • the present invention provides an ion mobility analysis apparatus for separating and labeling an ion analyte, the ion mobility analysis apparatus comprising: an ion source; two sets of parallel electrodes forming a migration therebetween a region having an ion inlet and an ion outlet, wherein the ion inlet is in communication with the ion source; wherein the two sets of parallel electrodes are respectively in a plane and the two planes are parallel to each other; a gas flow, the gas flow being a laminar flow; a power supply device for applying a direct current potential to the two sets of parallel electrodes to form a direct current electric field opposite to the direction in which the gas flow acts on the ions, in the gas flow and the direct current electric field Collecting ions having different mobility; the power supply device is further configured to scan the DC electric field to separate ions having different mobility in the migration region; the power supply device is further used in the parallel Superimposing a radio frequency voltage on the electrode to bind ions in
  • each set of parallel electrodes comprises a series of parallel strip electrodes, the strip electrodes extending in a direction perpendicular to the direction of the gas flow, applying different phase RF voltages on adjacent strip electrodes A quadrupole field array or a multipole field array that forms bound ions perpendicular to the direction of the gas flow.
  • each set of parallel electrodes comprises a series of parallel strip electrodes, the strip electrodes being oriented in parallel with the direction of the gas flow, applying different phase RF voltages on adjacent strip electrodes A quadrupole field array or a multipole field array in which bound ions are formed parallel to the direction of the gas flow.
  • a series of electrodes are disposed on a predetermined length of the ion outlet adjacent to the migration region, and a radio frequency voltage is applied to a series of electrodes on the predetermined length to form a focusing electric field. To ion-constrained focus transmission to the detector.
  • the ion source and the detector are located upstream and downstream of the gas stream, respectively.
  • the ion source and the detector are located downstream and upstream of the gas stream, respectively.
  • the ion source and the detector are located on opposite sides of a specific position in the airflow.
  • the pre-stage and/or the post-stage of the migration region comprises a mass spectrometer to form a mobility mass-to-charge ratio combination analyzer with the ion mobility analysis device.
  • the power supply device is configured to form a pair of non-linear electric fields opposite to the gas flow in a portion of the migration region near the ion inlet to be adjacent to the ion source. Enriched ions.
  • the DC electric field in the migration region includes a nonlinear DC electric field to capture ions having different mobility; the power supply device is configured to scan the nonlinear DC power with time The field allows the captured ions of different mobility to pass through the migration region to the detector at different migration times.
  • the DC electric field in the migration region includes a nonlinear DC electric field to transfer all ions from the ion inlet to one end of the migration region and is enriched at the end; the power supply device And scanning the nonlinear DC electric field over time such that ions having different mobility enriched at the end pass through the migration region to the detector at different migration times.
  • the type of the direct current electric field includes a nonlinear direct current electric field to bind all ions in a direction perpendicular to the direction of the gas flow from the ion source to the axis of the detector; the power supply device is used in the A direct current gradient perpendicular to the direction of the gas flow is applied to at least a portion of the two sets of parallel electrodes such that the ions pass from the ion inlet to the ion outlet perpendicular to the direction of the gas flow.
  • the velocity of the gas flow within the migration zone is scanned over time such that ions having different mobility pass through the migration zone to the detector at different migration times.
  • the present invention provides an analytical method for separating and labeling an ionic analyte, comprising: providing an ion source; providing two sets of parallel electrodes, forming a migration region, the migration region having ions An inlet and an ion outlet, wherein the ion inlet is connected to the ion source; wherein the two sets of parallel electrodes are respectively in a plane and the two planes are parallel to each other; there is an airflow in the migration region, and the airflow is laminar
  • the power device is further configured to scan the DC electric field to separate ions having different mobility in the migration region; the power supply device is further configured to superimpose the RF voltage on the parallel electrode in a vertical direction
  • the gas flow direction binds ions; a detector
  • the DC electric field in the migration region includes a nonlinear DC electric field; the method includes: capturing ions having different mobility using the nonlinear DC electric field; scanning over time The nonlinear DC electric field causes the captured ions of different mobility to pass through the migration region to the detector at different migration times.
  • the DC electric field in the migration region includes a nonlinear DC electric field
  • the method includes: transmitting all ions from the ion inlet to one end of the migration region by using the nonlinear DC electric field. And enriching at the end; scanning the nonlinear DC electric field over time such that ions having different mobility enriched at the end pass through the migration region to the detector at different migration times.
  • the type of the direct current electric field includes a nonlinear direct current electric field; the method includes: bundling all ions in a direction perpendicular to the direction of the airflow from the ion source to the axis of the detector; A direct current gradient perpendicular to the direction of the gas flow is applied to at least a portion of the parallel electrodes such that the ions pass from the ion inlet to the ion outlet perpendicular to the direction of the gas flow.
  • the analyzing method comprises: scanning the velocity of the airflow in the migration region with time, and causing ions having different mobility to pass through the migration region to the detector at different migration times.
  • the analyzer includes: an ion source; two sets of parallel electrodes forming a migration region therebetween, the migration region having an ion inlet and an ion outlet, and the ion inlet is connected The ion source; wherein, the two sets of parallel electrodes are respectively in a plane and the two planes are parallel to each other; there is a gas flow in the migration region, the airflow is a laminar flow; and a power supply device is used in the a direct current potential is applied to the two sets of parallel electrodes to form a direct current electric field opposite to the direction in which the gas flows against the ions to capture ions having different mobility under the action of the gas flow and the direct current electric field; Also for scanning the DC electric field to separate ions having different mobility in the migration region; the power supply device is further configured to superimpose a radio frequency voltage on the parallel electrode to bind ions in a direction perpendicular to the airflow direction; the detector Connecting
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a capture mobility analyzer of the Park patent in the prior art
  • FIG. 2A is a schematic view showing the first structure of an ion mobility analysis device according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2B is a schematic view showing a second structure of an ion mobility analysis device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 2C is a xy plane cross-sectional view of the ion mobility analysis device of FIG. 2A or 2B;
  • Figure 3 is a schematic view showing the relationship between the ion mobility analysis device of the present invention and the vacuum device of the front and rear stages;
  • FIG. 4A is a schematic structural view of an ion mobility analysis device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • 4B is a diagram showing an electric field distribution of an analysis step of the ion mobility analysis device of the present invention in the first embodiment
  • Fig. 4C is a view showing the ion trajectory simulation of the ion mobility analyzing apparatus of the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • the simulation condition is m/z: 720, 4 Torr N2, the initial electric field strength is 8.5 V/mm, and the scanning speed is 1 ⁇ 10-4 V/mm ⁇ us;
  • 4D is a simulation diagram of a first embodiment of the ion mobility analysis device of the present invention.
  • 5A is a schematic structural view of a second embodiment of an ion mobility analysis device according to the present invention.
  • 5B is a diagram showing an electric field distribution of an analysis step of a second embodiment of the ion mobility analysis device of the present invention.
  • Fig. 5C is a simulation diagram of the ion trajectory of the second embodiment of the ion mobility analyzing device of the present invention.
  • the simulation condition is m/z: 720, 4 Torr N2, the initial electric field strength is 9 V/mm, and the scanning speed is 1 ⁇ 10-4 V/mm ⁇ us;
  • 5D is a simulation diagram of a second embodiment of the ion mobility analysis device of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6A is a schematic structural view of a third embodiment of an ion mobility analysis device according to the present invention.
  • 6B is a diagram showing an electric field distribution of an analysis step of a third embodiment of the ion mobility analysis device of the present invention.
  • Fig. 6C is a simulation diagram of the ion trajectory of the third embodiment of the ion mobility analyzing device of the present invention.
  • the simulation condition is m/z: 720, 4 Torr N2, the initial electric field strength is 8.5 V/mm, and the scanning speed is 1 ⁇ 10-4 V/mm ⁇ us;
  • 6D is a simulation map of a third embodiment of the ion mobility analysis device of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7A is a schematic structural view of a fourth embodiment of an ion mobility analysis device according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 7B is a diagram showing an electric field distribution of an analysis step of a fourth embodiment of the ion mobility analysis device of the present invention.
  • Fig. 7C is a simulation diagram of the ion trajectory of the fourth embodiment of the ion mobility analyzing apparatus of the present invention.
  • the present invention provides technical solutions for the separation and labeling of ions, molecules and particles.
  • the present invention provides apparatus and methods for separating and analyzing ions based on ion mobility under the combined action of an electric field and a gas stream on ions.
  • the present invention can separate and analyze ions by scanning electric field and scanning gas flow; wherein the planar structure of the present invention provides a large ion capacity, so that the device has high resolution while having high sensitivity and ion utilization.
  • the ion mobility analysis device 1 includes two sets of electrode groups 7 and 8 which are parallel to each other, and the electrode group 7 and the electrode group 8 respectively include a plurality of strip electrodes, and each strip electrode in the motor group 7 and the electrode group 8
  • the first and second pairs are arranged in pairs and arranged in the axial direction of ion transport, and a migration region is formed between the electrode group 7 and the electrode group 8.
  • the planes of the parallel electrode groups 7 and 8 are parallel to each other.
  • the parallel electrode groups 7 and 8 are applied with a direct current potential through a power supply device to form a direct current electric field 6 in the former region, and the direct current electric field 6 may be linear or non-linear, and the direction of action of the ions and the direction of the air flow 4 Instead, you can see it from the arrows in the figure.
  • the power supply unit may also superimpose radio frequency voltages of different phases on adjacent electrodes on the electrode groups 7 and 8 to form a quadrupole field or a multi-pole field of the bound ions in a direction perpendicular to the flow direction of the gas stream 4.
  • FIG. 2B is a schematic view showing another structure of the ion mobility analysis device 1' of the present invention.
  • This structure differs from the structure shown in Fig. 2A in that the respective electrodes of the two electrode groups 7' and 8' are segmented in the direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the ion transport axis.
  • a radio frequency voltage of a different phase is applied to adjacent electrodes to form a quadrupole field or a multipole field that binds ions in a direction parallel to the flow direction 4'.
  • This form of quadrupole field or multipole field does not have radio frequency interference in the direction of ion motion, and does not affect the resolution of the device; the electrode group applies a DC voltage to form a linear or opposite direction to the direction of action of the ion and the direction of the gas flow.
  • Nonlinear DC electric field 6' is
  • FIG 2C is a cross-sectional view of the ion mobility analysis device 1" in the xy plane of the embodiment of Figure 2A or Figure 2B of the present invention.
  • the ion source 2 is located outside the inlet of the ion mobility analysis device.
  • Two sets of electrode groups 7" and 8" The migration area is composed as a mobility analyzer. There is a gas flow 4" in the migration area, and the air flow is a laminar flow.
  • the planes of the electrode groups 7" and 8" are parallel.
  • a DC voltage is applied across the electrode sets 7" and 8" to form a linear or non-linear DC electric field 6" that opposes the direction of the ion flow opposite the direction of the gas flow 4".
  • a radio frequency voltage is superimposed on the electrode groups 7" and 8" to form a radio frequency electric field to bind the ions.
  • the ions reach the detector 3 through the migration region according to the ion trajectory 5 under the action of the electric field and the gas flow.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic view showing an ion analysis system including the ion mobility analyzing apparatus 1 of the present invention and its front and rear stage vacuum apparatus in an embodiment.
  • a mass spectrometer From the atmospheric pressure of the ion source to the high vacuum of 10-6 Torr of the mass analyzer, a mass spectrometer has a multi-stage vacuum. Ions are generated from the ion source and enter the first stage vacuum unit 10 through a capillary 9, where the ions are focused by a radio frequency ion guiding device 19 and then passed through a liquid separator 20 into the second stage vacuum unit 11.
  • the ion mobility analysis device 1 of the present invention is disposed in a second-stage vacuum device 11 having a gas pressure range of 2 to 4 Torr; the ions pass through the ion mobility analysis device 1 and enter the third-stage vacuum device 12, which is vacuumed.
  • a second ion guiding device 22 is disposed within the device 12, which is followed by a fourth stage vacuum device 13 in which the mass analyzer 24 is located.
  • the mass analyzer here can be a triple quadrupole or a Q-TOF.
  • Each stage of the vacuum device is connected by small holes 17 and 23.
  • An evacuation device can be connected to each stage of the vacuum device to maintain a vacuum.
  • the ion mobility analysis device 15 At the vacuum device 11 of this stage where the ion mobility analysis device is located, there is a gas introduction device 15 to introduce a pure mobility analysis carrier gas. At the same time, at the apparatus inlet and the apparatus exit position of the vacuum apparatus of this stage, there are flow rectifying means 25 and 26 for laminar flow in the ion mobility analysis apparatus. As can be seen from the figure, since the introduction and extraction of ions occur in the axial direction perpendicular to the ion transport of the entire system (refer to the ion transport direction of 19, 22, 24), the ion mobility analysis device of the present invention can be introduced into a pure The carrier gas is used for accurate measurement of ion mobility; at the same time, the direction and speed of the gas flow can be easily changed.
  • FIG. 4A is a schematic view showing the structure of an ion mobility analyzing device of the present invention in the first embodiment.
  • ion source 2 and detector 3 are located at the same end of the migration zone and are located upstream of the gas stream.
  • the ions are transported from the ion source 2 to the other end of the migration region by the action of the gas stream, and ions having different mobility are balanced at different positions by the interaction of the electric field and the gas flow. After a certain period of time, ions having different mobility are reversed through the migration region by the scanning electric field to reach the detector at different migration times.
  • the ion mobility analysis device has three analysis steps: ion accumulation, trapping, and elution, and the electric field intensity distribution of the three analysis steps is as shown in FIG. 4B.
  • the migration region has three regions: an ion implantation and extraction region 33, an ion transport and analysis region 34, and a nonlinear electric field gradient capture region 35.
  • the ions are first introduced continuously into the migration zone, applying a small or zero electric field strength electric field across the electrode groups 7 and 8 to cause all ions to enter the nonlinear electric field gradient capture through the ion implantation zone 33 and the transmission zone 34 under the action of the gas stream. District 35.
  • a direct current voltage is applied to the electrode groups 7, 8 to form a nonlinear DC electric field in the migration region opposite to the direction of the gas flow, and the action direction is as shown in FIG. 32, so that different ion mobility K1 to K5 are present (K1> The ions 27 to 31 of K2>K3>K4>K5) are in equilibrium with the gas flow at different electric field strength positions in the region.
  • Fig. 4C is a simulation diagram of the ion trajectory of this embodiment.
  • 4D is a simulation map of ions having a mass-to-charge ratio of 720 and collision cross sections of 2.11e-18nm2 and 2.13e-18nm2, respectively. As can be seen from the figure, the resolution is around 150 and the migration time is 5-7 ms.
  • Fig. 5A is a schematic view showing a second embodiment of the ion mobility analyzing device of the present invention.
  • the ion source 2 and the detector 3 are located at both ends of the migration region, respectively.
  • the ion source 2 is located upstream of the gas stream and the detector 3 is located downstream of the gas stream.
  • Ions are introduced from the ion source 2 into the migration zone where they are captured at different locations depending on the mobility of the ions.
  • ions having different mobility are passed through the migration region to the detector at different migration times by scanning the electric field.
  • This embodiment has three analysis steps: enrichment, capture and efflux. The electric field intensity distribution of the three analysis steps is shown in Figure 5B.
  • the migration region has four regions: an ion analysis region 47, a nonlinear electric field trap region 46, an ion transport region 45, and an ion implantation region 44.
  • ions are continuously introduced into the migration zone.
  • a direct current voltage is applied to the electrode groups 7 and 8 to form a nonlinear DC electric field opposite to the direction of the flow of the ions, and the direction of action is as shown in Fig.
  • Fig. 5C is a simulation diagram of the ion trajectory of this embodiment.
  • Fig. 5D is a simulation map of ions having a mass-to-charge ratio of 720 and collision cross sections of 2.11e-18nm2 and 2.13e-18nm2, respectively. As can be seen from the figure, the resolution is around 150 and the migration time is 10 to 12 ms.
  • Fig. 6A is a view showing a third embodiment of the ion mobility analyzing device of the present invention.
  • the airflow direction 4 is opposite to the airflow direction in the second embodiment.
  • the ion source 2 is located downstream of the gas stream and the detector 3 is located upstream of the gas stream. Ions are introduced from the ion source 2 into the migration zone where they are captured at different locations depending on the mobility of the ions. After a certain period of time, ions having different mobility are passed through the migration region to the detector at different migration times by scanning the electric field.
  • This embodiment has three analysis steps: enrichment, capture, and outflow. The electric field intensity distribution of the three analysis steps is as shown in Fig. 6B.
  • the migration region has four regions: an ion analysis region 43, a nonlinear electric field trap region 42, an ion transport region 41, and an ion implantation region 40.
  • an ion analysis region 43 a nonlinear electric field trap region 42
  • an ion transport region 41 a nonlinear electric field trap region 41
  • an ion implantation region 40 a region in which ions are continuously introduced into the migration zone.
  • regions 41 and 40 There is a higher electric field in regions 41 and 40 that allows all ions to enter capture zone 42 through these two regions.
  • the DC voltage is applied to the electrode groups 7 and 8 to form a nonlinear DC electric field opposite to the direction of the gas flow, and the direction of action of the ions is as shown by 32, so that the ion mobility K1 is different.
  • the ions 27 to 31 of K5 are trapped at different electric field strength positions and gas flow balance in this region.
  • the electric field strength of the ion implantation region 40 is lowered so that all ions cannot enter the migration region.
  • the ions will be trapped and collided cooled in the nonlinear electric field capture region 42.
  • the electric field strength of the nonlinear electric field trapping region 42 and the ion analyzing region 43 is slowly increased from an initial value E0 at a certain speed ⁇ (the electric field strength is increased by 36 to 39). As the electric field strength increases, ions with higher mobility will first flow out of the migration region to the detector. Fig.
  • FIG. 6C is a simulation diagram of the ion trajectory of this embodiment.
  • Fig. 6D is a simulation map of ions having a mass-to-charge ratio of 720 and collision cross sections of 2.11e-18nm2 and 2.13e-18nm2, respectively. As can be seen from the figure, the resolution is around 150 and the migration time is 5-7 ms.
  • Fig. 7A is a view showing a fourth embodiment of the ion mobility analyzing apparatus of the present invention.
  • the ion source and detector are located at the same end of the migration zone and all ions are transported from the ion source to the detector perpendicular to the direction of gas flow.
  • a non-linear electric field having a direction opposite to the direction of the gas flow is applied to the parallel electrode groups 7 and 8 so that all ions 27 to 31 are bound in the vicinity of the axis of the gas source from the ion source to the detector.
  • Fig. 7B Simultaneously superimposing a direct current gradient perpendicular to the direction of the gas flow on the parallel electrode sets 7 and 8 causes all ions to be transmitted from the ion source to the detector perpendicular to the direction of the gas flow.
  • the electric field distribution is shown in Fig. 7B.
  • Fig. 7C is a simulation diagram of the ion trajectory of this embodiment. Among them, the ion transmission efficiency is close to 100%, and the transmission time is very short (about 100us).
  • the present invention provides an ion mobility analysis device and an analysis method.
  • the analyzer includes: an ion source; two sets of parallel electrodes forming a migration region, the migration region having an ion inlet and an ion outlet, the ion inlet Connecting the ion source; wherein, the two sets of parallel electrodes are respectively in a plane and the two planes are parallel to each other; there is a gas flow in the migration region, the airflow is a laminar flow; and a power supply device is used in the a direct current potential is applied to the two sets of parallel electrodes to form a direct current electric field opposite to the direction in which the gas flows against the ions to capture ions having different mobility under the action of the gas flow and the direct current electric field; And scanning the DC electric field to separate ions having different mobility in the migration region; the power supply device is further configured to superimpose a radio frequency voltage on the parallel electrode to bind ions in a direction perpendicular to the air flow; detecting Connected to the ion

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Abstract

本发明提供离子迁移率分析装置及分析方法，分析器包括：离子源；两组平行电极，之间形成迁移区域，迁移区域具有离子进口及离子出口，离子进口连通离子源；其中，两组平行电极分别处于一平面内且该两个平面相互平行；迁移区域内存在层流；电源装置，在两组平行电极上施加有直流电位，以形成与气流对离子作用方向相反的直流电场，以在气流和直流电场的共同作用下捕获具有不同迁移率的离子；电源装置，扫描直流电场以令迁移区域中具有不同迁移率的离子分离；电源装置，还用于在平行电极上叠加射频电压在垂直于气流方向束缚离子；检测器，连通离子出口，接收并检测离子；本发明的分析器具有很高的灵敏度和离子利用率，同时可以准确测量离子的迁移率。

Description

离子迁移率分析装置及所应用的分析方法 技术领域
本发明涉及离子迁移率分析技术领域，尤其是涉及离子迁移率分析装置及所应用的分析方法。
背景技术
测量离子的迁移率有两种方式，一种是测量离子在电场和静止的气体中的速度，第二种是测量离子在垂直的电场和气流中运动的距离。这两种离子迁移谱的分辨率和灵敏度受到扩散的限制。传统的飞行时间离子迁移谱的分辨率可以通过增加迁移管的长度和电场强度提高，同时也可以通过增加径向电场(射频离子漏斗，射频四极场和直流周期静电场)来减弱扩散对分辨率的影响。飞行时间离子迁移谱可以在非常短的时间内完成一张离子迁移谱图。几毫秒就可以得到大于100的分辨率。但是它的主要缺点是分辨率越高占空比越低。
为了进一步提高离子迁移谱的分辨率，Zeleny(Zeleny,J.Philos.Mag.46,120(1898))在他的平行流分析器中提出可以将气流方向与电场方向相反。在他的分析器中包含两个平行的网格，离子在气流和电场两种相反的作用力下平衡。Laiko((Laiko,Victor V.Journal of The American Society for Mass Spectrometry 17.4(2006):500-507)对Zeleny的装置进行了改进，Laiko的分析器包含一方向与气流方向相反的非线性电场，在电场和气流的共同作用下，具有不同迁移率的离子被分离。但是Laiko的装置工作在大气压下，没有用于减弱扩散作用的径向力，实验结果并不理想。除此以外还有许多制作平行流分析器的尝试，包括Loboda提出的存在反向气流的分段四极场(US.Pat.No.6630662B1)，Gillig提出的直流周期性聚焦差分迁移谱(PFDMA)(US.Pat.No.9324552B2)，以及Park提出的平行流离子迁移谱/捕获离子迁移谱(US.Pat.No.7838826B1)。目前只有Loboda和Park的装置以及Gillig的PFDMA在实验上取得了成功。在低压气流中，Loboda和Park的装置均采用射频场在径向束缚离子。Park采用一非线性电场首先根据离子迁移率对离子进行预分离，之后通过缓慢降低电场使具有不同迁移率的离子缓慢依次通过分析器(如图1)。Loboda采用一缓慢增加的均匀电场推动离子克服气流的作用通过分析器。Gillig采用方向垂直于和方向相反于气流的组合电场驱动离子克服气流的作用到达检测器。Park的装置的工作气压高于loboda的装置，获得了较高的分辨率，但是Park的装置有三个缺点：在不使用时具有较长的驻留时间；在一次分析中被捕获的特定迁移率的离子数受限，这使得装置的灵敏度和占空比较低；并且该装置的迁移气体只能是空气，这使得其测量的迁移率不准确。
因此，需要一种高分辨率的离子迁移谱分析器，其具有很高的灵敏度和离子利用率，同时可以准确测量离子的迁移率。
发明内容
鉴于以上所述现有技术的缺点，本发明的目的在于提供离子迁移率分析装置及所应用的分析方法，解决现有技术的问题。
为实现上述目的及其他相关目的，本发明提供一种离子迁移率分析装置，用于分离和标记离子分析物，所述离子迁移率分析装置包括：离子源；两组平行电极，之间形成迁移区域，所述迁移区域具有离子进口及离子出口，所述离子进口连通所述离子源；其中，所述两组平行电极分别处于一平面内且该两个平面相互平行；所述迁移区域内存在气流，所述气流为层流；电源装置，用于在所述两组平行电极上施加有直流电位，以形成与所述气流对离子作用方向相反的直流电场，以在所述气流和直流电场的共同作用下捕获具有不同迁移率的离子；所述电源装置，还用于扫描所述直流电场以令迁移区域中具有不同迁移率的离子分离；所述电源装置，还用于在所述平行电极上叠加射频电压在垂直于所述气流方向束缚离子；检测器，连通所述离子出口，用于接收并检测离子。
于本发明的一实施例中，每组平行电极包括一系列平行的条状电极，所述条状电极的延伸方向与所述气流方向垂直，在相邻条状电极上施加不同相位的射频电压，在垂直于所述气流方向形成束缚离子的四极场阵列或多极场阵列。
于本发明的一实施例中，每组平行电极包括一系列平行的条状电极，所述条状电极的方向与所述气流方向平行，在相邻的条状电极上施加不同相位的射频电压，在平行于气流方向形成束缚离子的四极场阵列或多极场阵列。
于本发明的一实施例中，在靠近所述迁移区域的离子出口的一预设长度段上设有一系列电极，在所述预设长度段上的一系列电极上施加射频电压以形成聚焦电场以将离子束缚聚焦传输至检测器。
于本发明的一实施例中，所述离子源及检测器分别位于所述气流的上游及下游。
于本发明的一实施例中，所述离子源及检测器分别位于所述气流的下游及上游。
于本发明的一实施例中，所述离子源和检测器同位于所述气流中一特定位置两侧。
于本发明的一实施例中，所述迁移区域的前级和/或后级包含质谱分析器以与所述离子迁移率分析装置组成迁移率质荷比组合分析器。
于本发明的一实施例中，所述电源装置，用于在所述迁移区域靠近离子进口的部分电极 形成一对离子作用方向与所述气流相反的非线性电场，以在所述离子源附近富集离子。
于本发明的一实施例中，所述迁移区域内的所述直流电场包括非线性直流电场，以将具有不同迁移率的离子捕获；所述电源装置，用于随时间扫描所述非线性直流电场，使所捕获的不同迁移率的离子在不同迁移时间穿过迁移区域到达检测器。
于本发明的一实施例中，所述迁移区域内的所述直流电场包括非线性直流电场，以将所有离子从离子进口传输到迁移区域的一端，并在该端富集；所述电源装置，用于随时间扫描所述非线性直流电场，使在该端富集的具有不同迁移率的离子在不同迁移时间穿过迁移区域到达检测器。
于本发明的一实施例中，所述直流电场的类型包括非线性直流电场，以将所有离子束缚在垂直于气流方向从离子源到检测器的轴线附近；所述电源装置，用于在所述两组平行电极中的至少部分上施加垂直于气流方向的直流梯度，使离子垂直于气流方向从离子进口到达离子出口。
于本发明的一实施例中，所述迁移区域内的气流的速度随时间扫描，使具有不同迁移率的离子在不同迁移时间穿过迁移区域到达检测器。
为实现上述目的及其他相关目的，本发明提供一种用于分离和标记离子分析物的分析方法，包括：提供离子源；提供两组平行电极，之间形成迁移区域，所述迁移区域具有离子进口及离子出口，所述离子进口连通所述离子源；其中，所述两组平行电极分别处于一平面内且该两个平面相互平行；所述迁移区域内存在气流，所述气流为层流；提供电源装置，在所述两组平行电极上施加有直流电位，以形成与所述气流对离子作用方向相反的直流电场，以在所述气流和直流电场的共同作用下捕获具有不同迁移率的离子；所述电源装置，还用于扫描所述直流电场以令迁移区域中具有不同迁移率的离子分离；所述电源装置，还用于在所述平行电极上叠加射频电压在垂直于所述气流方向束缚离子；提供检测器，连通所述离子出口，以接收并检测离子。
于本发明的一实施例中，所述迁移区域内的所述直流电场包括非线性直流电场；所述方法包括：利用所述非线性直流电场，将具有不同迁移率的离子捕获；随时间扫描所述非线性直流电场，使所捕获的不同迁移率的离子在不同迁移时间穿过迁移区域到达检测器。
于本发明的一实施例中，所述迁移区域内的所述直流电场包括非线性直流电场，所述方法包括：利用所述非线性直流电场，将所有离子从离子进口传输到迁移区域的一端，并在该端富集；随时间扫描所述非线性直流电场，使在该端富集的具有不同迁移率的离子在不同迁移时间穿过迁移区域到达检测器。
于本发明的一实施例中，所述直流电场的类型包括非线性直流电场；所述方法包括：将所有离子束缚在垂直于气流方向从离子源到检测器的轴线附近；在所述两组平行电极中的至少部分上施加垂直于气流方向的直流梯度，使离子垂直于气流方向从离子进口到达离子出口。
于本发明的一实施例中，所述的分析方法，包括：对迁移区域内的气流的速度随时间扫描，使具有不同迁移率的离子在不同迁移时间穿过迁移区域到达检测器。
如上所述，本发明提供离子迁移率分析装置及分析方法，分析器包括：离子源；两组平行电极，之间形成迁移区域，所述迁移区域具有离子进口及离子出口，所述离子进口连通所述离子源；，其中，所述两组平行电极分别处于一平面内且该两个平面相互平行；所述迁移区域内存在气流，所述气流为层流；电源装置，用于在所述两组平行电极上施加有直流电位，以形成与所述气流对离子作用方向相反的直流电场，以在所述气流和直流电场的共同作用下捕获具有不同迁移率的离子；所述电源装置，还用于扫描所述直流电场以令迁移区域中具有不同迁移率的离子分离；所述电源装置，还用于在所述平行电极上叠加射频电压在垂直于所述气流方向束缚离子；检测器，连通所述离子出口，用于接收并检测离子；本发明的分析器具有很高的灵敏度和离子利用率，同时可以准确测量离子的迁移率。
附图说明
图1为现有技术中Park专利的捕获迁移率分析器示意图；
图2A为本发明于一实施例中离子迁移率分析装置的第一种结构示意图；
图2B为本发明于一实施例中离子迁移率分析装置的第二种结构示意图；
图2C为图2A或图2B的离子迁移率分析装置的xy平面截面图；
图3为显示本发明离子迁移率分析装置与其前后级真空装置间关系的结构示意图；
图4A为本发明离子迁移率分析装置在第一实施例的结构示意图；
图4B为本发明离子迁移率分析装置在第一实施例中分析步骤电场分布图；
图4C为本发明离子迁移率分析装置在第一实施例离子轨迹仿真图。其中仿真条件为m/z：720,4Torr N2，起始电场强度为8.5V/mm，扫描速度为1x10-4V/mm·us；
图4D为本发明离子迁移率分析装置第一实施例仿真图谱；
图5A为本发明离子迁移率分析装置第二实施例的结构示意图；
图5B为本发明离子迁移率分析装置第二实施例分析步骤电场分布图；
图5C为本发明离子迁移率分析装置第二实施例离子轨迹仿真图。其中仿真条件为m/z：720,4Torr N2，起始电场强度为9V/mm，扫描速度为1x10-4V/mm·us；
图5D为本发明离子迁移率分析装置第二实施例仿真图谱；
图6A为本发明离子迁移率分析装置第三实施例的结构示意图；
图6B为本发明离子迁移率分析装置第三实施例分析步骤电场分布图；
图6C为本发明离子迁移率分析装置第三实施例离子轨迹仿真图。其中仿真条件为m/z：720,4Torr N2，起始电场强度为8.5V/mm，扫描速度为1x10-4V/mm·us；
图6D为本发明离子迁移率分析装置第三实施例的仿真图谱；
图7A为本发明离子迁移率分析装置第四实施例的结构示意图；
图7B为本发明离子迁移率分析装置第四实施例分析步骤电场分布图；
图7C为本发明离子迁移率分析装置第四实施例离子轨迹仿真图。
具体实施方式
以下由特定的具体实施例说明本发明的实施方式，熟悉此技术的人士可由本说明书所揭露的内容轻易地了解本发明的其他优点及功效。
须知，本说明书所附图式所绘示的结构、比例、大小等，均仅用以配合说明书所揭示的内容，以供熟悉此技术的人士了解与阅读，并非用以限定本发明可实施的限定条件，故不具技术上的实质意义，任何结构的修饰、比例关系的改变或大小的调整，在不影响本发明所能产生的功效及所能达成的目的下，均应仍落在本发明所揭示的技术内容得能涵盖的范围内。同时，本说明书中所引用的如“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“中间”及“一”等的用语，亦仅为便于叙述的明了，而非用以限定本发明可实施的范围，其相对关系的改变或调整，在无实质变更技术内容下，当亦视为本发明可实施的范畴。
本发明提供用于离子、分子和颗粒分离和标记的技术方案。具体的，本发明提供利用在电场和气流对离子的共同作用下基于离子迁移率分离和分析离子的装置和方法。本发明可以通过扫描电场和扫描气流两种方式分离和分析离子；其中，本发明具有的平面结构提供了大的离子容量，使装置具有高分辨率的同时具有高的灵敏度和离子利用率。
图2A为本发明离子迁移率分析装置1一实施例中的结构示意图。所述离子迁移率分析装置1包括两组相互平行的电极组7和8，电极组7和电极组8中分别包含多个条形电极，且电机组7和电极组8中的各条形电极间一一成对设置并沿离子传输的轴向排列，电极组7和电极组8之间形成迁移区域。所述迁移区域内存在气流4，所述气流为层流。平行电极组7和8各自所在平面之间相互平行。
所述平行电极组7和8上通过电源装置施加有直流电位以在前一区域内形成直流电场6， 所述直流电场6可以是线性或者非线性的，其对离子的作用方向与气流4方向相反，从图中箭头即可知晓。
同时，所述电源装置还可在电极组7和8上相邻电极上叠加相位不同的射频电压，以在垂直于气流4流动方向上形成束缚离子的四极场或多极场。
图2B为本发明离子迁移率分析装置1'另一种结构示意图。这种结构与图2A所示结构的区别是，两个电极组7'和8'中的各个电极在垂直于离子传输轴的轴向的方向上分段。在相邻电极上施加相位不同的射频电压以在平行于气流4'方向形成束缚离子的四极场或多极场。这种形式的四极场或多极场在离子运动方向不存在射频干扰，不影响装置的分辨率；所述电极组施加直流电压，以形成对离子作用方向和所述气流方向相反的线性或非线性直流电场6'。
图2C为本发明图2A或图2B实施例中的离子迁移率分析装置1″在xy平面的截面图。离子源2位于离子迁移率分析装置入口的外部。两组电极组7″和8″组成迁移区域作为迁移率分析器。迁移区域内存在气流4″，所述气流为层流。电极组7″和8″所在平面平行。在电极组7″和8″上施加直流电压，以形成对离子作用方向与气流4″方向相反的一线性或者非线性的直流电场6″。同时在电极组7″和8″上叠加射频电压以形成射频电场来束缚离子。离子在电场和气流的共同作用下按离子轨迹5通过迁移区域到达检测器3。
图3为一实施例中包含本发明的离子迁移率分析装置1与其前后级真空装置的离子分析系统的示意图。从离子源的大气压到质量分析器的10-6Torr的高真空，一台质谱仪器具有多级真空装置。离子从离子源产生，通过一个毛细管9进入第一级真空装置10，离子在该级真空装置内被一个射频离子导引装置19聚焦，之后通过一个分液器20进入第二级真空装置11。本发明的离子迁移率分析装置1布置在第二级真空装置11，该级真空装置11气压范围为2到4Torr；离子经过离子迁移率分析装置1后进入第三级真空装置12，该级真空装置12内布置第二个离子导引装置22，该级真空装置之后是质量分析器24所在的第四级真空装置13。这里的质量分析器可以是三重四极杆或者是Q-TOF。每级真空装置之间采用小孔17和23连接。每级真空装置均可连接有抽气装置以保持真空。在离子迁移率分析装置所在的这一级真空装置11，存在一个气体引入装置15以引入纯的迁移率分析载气。同时，在该级真空装置,1的装置入口和装置出口位置有气流整流装置25和26，以使离子迁移率分析装置内的气流为层流。从图中可见，由于离子的引入和引出均发生在垂直于整个系统的离子传输的轴向方向(参考19、22、24的离子传输方向)，本发明的离子迁移率分析装置可以引入纯净的载气用于离子迁移率的准确测量；同时，气流的方向和速度可以方便地改变。
请参阅图4A至图4C，展示本发明提供的离子迁移率分析装置在第一实施例中的一系列 示意图。
图4A为本发明的离子迁移率分析装置在第一实施例中的结构示意图。在该实施例中，离子源2和检测器3位于迁移区域的同一端，并且是位于气流的上游。离子在气流的作用下从离子源2传输到迁移区域的另一端，具有不同迁移率的离子在电场和气流的共同作用下平衡在不同的位置。经过一定的时间，通过扫描电场使具有不同迁移率的离子反向穿过迁移区域在不同的迁移时间到达检测器。于本实施例中，所述离子迁移率分析装置有三个分析步骤：离子富集(Accumulation)、捕获(Trap)和流出(Elute)，该三个分析步骤的电场强度分布如图4B所示。于本实施例中，迁移区域有三个区域：离子注入和引出区33，离子传输和分析区34和非线性电场梯度捕获区35。离子首先被连续的引入到迁移区域，在电极组7和8上施加较小的或者零电场强度的电场使所有离子在气流的作用下通过离子注入区33和传输区34进入非线性电场梯度捕获区35。电极组7、8上施加直流电压，在迁移区域内形成对离子的作用方向与气流方向相反的非线性直流电场，其作用方向如32所示，使具有不同离子迁移率K1～K5(K1>K2>K3>K4>K5)的离子27～31在该区域不同电场强度位置与气流平衡。平衡的条件是KE＝U。假设气流速度U是常数，具有高的迁移率的离子将在较低的电场强度位置平衡。经过一定的富集时间后，关闭离子源处的离子门，使离子无法进入迁移区域。离子将在非线性电场梯度捕获区35被捕获和碰撞冷却。一段时间后，非线性电场梯度捕获区35和传输区34的电场强度从一个初始值E0，以一定的速度β缓慢的升高(电场强度如39～36递增)。随着电场强度的升高，具有较高迁移率的离子将首先从迁移区域流出到达检测器3。图4C为该实施例的离子轨迹仿真图。图4D为质荷比为720，碰撞截面分别为2.11e-18nm2和2.13e-18nm2的离子的仿真图谱。从图中可以看出，分辨率在150左右，迁移时间在5～7ms。
图5A所示为本发明离子迁移率分析装置第二实施例示意图。该实施例中，离子源2和检测器3分别位于迁移区域的两端。并且离子源2位于气流的上游，检测器3位于气流的下游。离子从离子源2引入迁移区域，在迁移区域根据离子的迁移率在不同的位置被捕获。经过一定的时间，通过扫描电场使具有不同迁移率的离子穿过迁移区域在不同的迁移时间到达检测器。该实施例有三个分析步骤：富集，捕获和流出。三个分析步骤的电场强度分布如图5B所示。在该实施例中，迁移区域有4个区域：离子分析区47、非线性电场捕获区46、离子传输区45和离子注入区44。在富集过程中，离子被连续的引入到迁移区域。在区域45和44存在一较小的或零电场，所有离子被气流驱动通过这两个区域进入捕获区46。在捕获区46，电极组7和8上施加直流电压以形成对离子作用方向与气流方向相反的非线性直流电场，其作用方向如32所示，使具有不同离子迁移率K1～K5(K1>K2>K3>K4>K5)的离子27～31 在该区域不同电场强度位置与气流平衡。经过一定的富集时间后，将离子注入区44的电场强度升高使所有离子无法进入迁移区域。离子将在非线性电场捕获区域46被捕获和碰撞冷却。在流出步骤，非线性电场捕获区域46和离子分析区47的电场强度从一个初始值E0，以一定的速度β缓慢的降低(电场强度如51～48递减)。随着电场强度的降低，具有较低迁移率的离子将首先从迁移区域流出到达检测器。图5C为该实施例的离子轨迹仿真图。图5D为质荷比为720，碰撞截面分别为2.11e-18nm2和2.13e-18nm2的离子的仿真图谱。从图中可以看出，分辨率在150左右，迁移时间在10～12ms。
图6A所示为本发明离子迁移率分析装置第三实施例示意图。在该实施例中，气流方向4与第二实施例中的气流方向相反。离子源2位于气流的下游，检测器3位于气流的上游。离子从离子源2引入迁移区域，在迁移区域根据离子的迁移率在不同的位置被捕获。经过一定的时间，通过扫描电场使具有不同迁移率的离子穿过迁移区域在不同的迁移时间到达检测器。该实施例有三个分析步骤：富集、捕获和流出。三个分析步骤的电场强度分布如图6B所示。在该实施例中，迁移区域有4个区域：离子分析区43，非线性电场捕获区42，离子传输区41和离子注入区40。在富集过程中，离子被连续的引入到迁移区域。在区域41和40存在一较高电场使所有离子通过这两个区域进入捕获区42。在捕获区42，电极组7和8上施加直流电压，以形成对离子作用方向与气流方向相反的非线性直流电场，其对离子的作用方向如32所示，使具有不同离子迁移率K1～K5(K1>K2>K3>K4>K5)的离子27～31在该区域不同电场强度位置与气流平衡被捕获。经过一定的富集时间后，将离子注入区域40的电场强度降低使所有离子无法进入迁移区域。离子将在非线性电场捕获区域42被捕获和碰撞冷却。在流出步骤，非线性电场捕获区域42和离子分析区域43的电场强度从一个初始值E0，以一定的速度β缓慢的升高(电场强度如36～39递增)。随着电场强度的升高，具有较高迁移率的离子将首先从迁移区域流出到达检测器。图6C为该实施例的离子轨迹仿真图。图6D为质荷比为720，碰撞截面分别为2.11e-18nm2和2.13e-18nm2的离子的仿真图谱。从图中可以看出，分辨率在150左右，迁移时间在5～7ms。
图7A所示为本发明离子迁移率分析装置第四实施例示意图。在该实施例中，离子源和检测器位于迁移区域的同一端，所有离子垂直于气流方向从离子源传输到检测器。在平行电极组7和8上施加方向与气流方向相反的非线性电场使所有离子27～31被束缚在垂直于气流方向从离子源到检测器的轴线附近。在平行电极组7和8上同时叠加垂直于气流方向的直流梯度，使所有离子垂直于气流方向从离子源传输到检测器。电场分布如图7B所示。图7C为该实施例的离子轨迹仿真图。其中离子的传输效率接近100％，同时传输时间非常短(大约 100us)。
综上所述，本发明提供离子迁移率分析装置及分析方法，分析器包括：离子源；两组平行电极，之间形成迁移区域，所述迁移区域具有离子进口及离子出口，所述离子进口连通所述离子源；，其中，所述两组平行电极分别处于一平面内且该两个平面相互平行；所述迁移区域内存在气流，所述气流为层流；电源装置，用于在所述两组平行电极上施加有直流电位，以形成与所述气流对离子作用方向相反的直流电场，以在所述气流和直流电场的共同作用下捕获具有不同迁移率的离子；所述电源装置，还用于扫描所述直流电场以令迁移区域中具有不同迁移率的离子分离；所述电源装置，还用于在所述平行电极上叠加射频电压在垂直于所述气流方向束缚离子；检测器，连通所述离子出口，用于接收并检测离子；本发明的分析器具有很高的灵敏度和离子利用率，同时可以准确测量离子的迁移率。
上述实施例仅例示性说明本发明的原理及其功效，而非用于限制本发明。任何熟悉此技术的人士皆可在不违背本发明的精神及范畴下，对上述实施例进行修饰或改变。因此，举凡所属技术领域中具有通常知识者在未脱离本发明所揭示的精神与技术思想下所完成的一切等效修饰或改变，仍应由本发明的权利要求所涵盖。

Claims (18)

  1. 一种离子迁移率分析装置，用于分离和标记离子分析物；其特征在于，所述离子迁移率分析装置包括：
    离子源；
    两组平行电极，之间形成迁移区域，所述迁移区域具有离子进口及离子出口，所述离子进口连通所述离子源；，其中，所述两组平行电极分别处于一平面内且该两个平面相互平行；所述迁移区域内存在气流，所述气流为层流；
    电源装置，用于在所述两组平行电极上施加有直流电位，以形成与所述气流对离子作用方向相反的直流电场，以在所述气流和直流电场的共同作用下捕获具有不同迁移率的离子；所述电源装置，还用于扫描所述直流电场以令迁移区域中具有不同迁移率的离子分离；所述电源装置，还用于在所述平行电极上叠加射频电压在垂直于所述气流方向束缚离子；
    检测器，连通所述离子出口，用于接收并检测离子。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的离子迁移率分析装置，其特征在于，每组平行电极包括一系列平行的条状电极，所述条状电极的延伸方向与所述气流方向垂直，在相邻条状电极上施加不同相位的射频电压，在垂直于所述气流方向形成束缚离子的四极场阵列或多极场阵列。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的离子迁移率分析装置，其特征在于，每组平行电极包括一系列平行的条状电极，所述条状电极的方向与所述气流方向平行，在相邻的条状电极上施加不同相位的射频电压，在平行于气流方向形成束缚离子的四极场阵列或多极场阵列。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的离子迁移率分析装置，其特征在于，在靠近所述迁移区域的离子出口的一预设长度段上设有一系列电极，在所述预设长度段上的一系列电极上施加射频电压以形成聚焦电场以将离子束缚聚焦传输至检测器。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的离子迁移率分析装置，其特征在于，所述离子源及检测器分别位于所述气流的上游及下游。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的离子迁移率分析装置，其特征在于，所述离子源及检测器分别位于所述气流的下游及上游。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的离子迁移率分析装置，其特征在于，所述离子源和检测器同位于所述气流中一特定位置两侧。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的离子迁移率分析装置，其特征在于，所述迁移区域的前级和/或后级包含质谱分析器以与所述离子迁移率分析装置组成迁移率质荷比组合分析器。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的离子迁移率分析装置，其特征在于，所述电源装置，用于在所述迁移区域靠近离子进口的部分电极形成一对离子作用方向与所述气流相反的非线性电 场，以在所述离子源附近富集离子。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的离子迁移率分析装置，其特征在于，所述迁移区域内的所述直流电场包括非线性直流电场，以将具有不同迁移率的离子捕获；所述电源装置，用于随时间扫描所述非线性直流电场，使所捕获的不同迁移率的离子在不同迁移时间穿过迁移区域到达检测器。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的离子迁移率分析装置，其特征在于，所述迁移区域内的所述直流电场包括非线性直流电场，以将所有离子从离子进口传输到迁移区域的一端，并在该端富集；所述电源装置，用于随时间扫描所述非线性直流电场，使在该端富集的具有不同迁移率的离子在不同迁移时间穿过迁移区域到达检测器。
  12. 根据权利要求1所述的离子迁移率分析装置，其特征在于，所述直流电场的类型包括非线性直流电场，以将所有离子束缚在垂直于气流方向从离子源到检测器的轴线附近；所述电源装置，用于在所述两组平行电极中的至少部分上施加垂直于气流方向的直流梯度，使离子垂直于气流方向从离子进口到达离子出口。
  13. 根据权利要求1所述的离子迁移率分析装置，其特征在于，所述迁移区域内的气流的速度随时间扫描，使具有不同迁移率的离子在不同迁移时间穿过迁移区域到达检测器。
  14. 一种用于分离和标记离子分析物的分析方法，包括：
    提供离子源；
    提供两组平行电极，之间形成迁移区域，所述迁移区域具有离子进口及离子出口，所述离子进口连通所述离子源；其中，所述两组平行电极分别处于一平面内且该两个平面相互平行；所述迁移区域内存在气流，所述气流为层流；
    提供电源装置，在所述两组平行电极上施加有直流电位，以形成与所述气流对离子作用方向相反的直流电场，以在所述气流和直流电场的共同作用下捕获具有不同迁移率的离子；所述电源装置，还用于扫描所述直流电场以令迁移区域中具有不同迁移率的离子分离；所述电源装置，还用于在所述平行电极上叠加射频电压在垂直于所述气流方向束缚离子；
    提供检测器，连通所述离子出口，以接收并检测离子。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的分析方法，其特征在于，所述迁移区域内的所述直流电场包括非线性直流电场；所述方法包括：
    利用所述非线性直流电场，将具有不同迁移率的离子捕获；
    随时间扫描所述非线性直流电场，使所捕获的不同迁移率的离子在不同迁移时间穿过迁移区域到达检测器。
  16. 根据权利要求14所述的分析方法，其特征在于，所述迁移区域内的所述直流电场包括非线性直流电场，所述方法包括：
    利用所述非线性直流电场，将所有离子从离子进口传输到迁移区域的一端，并在该端富集；
    随时间扫描所述非线性直流电场，使在该端富集的具有不同迁移率的离子在不同迁移时间穿过迁移区域到达检测器。
  17. 根据权利要求14所述的分析方法，其特征在于，所述直流电场的类型包括非线性直流电场；所述方法包括：
    将所有离子束缚在垂直于气流方向从离子源到检测器的轴线附近；
    在所述两组平行电极中的至少部分上施加垂直于气流方向的直流梯度，使离子垂直于气流方向从离子进口到达离子出口。
  18. 根据权利要求14所述的分析方法，其特征在于，包括：对迁移区域内的气流的速度随时间扫描，使具有不同迁移率的离子在不同迁移时间穿过迁移区域到达检测器。
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