WO2018223440A1 - 一种金属除锈防锈封闭剂及制备方法 - Google Patents

一种金属除锈防锈封闭剂及制备方法 Download PDF

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WO2018223440A1
WO2018223440A1 PCT/CN2017/090437 CN2017090437W WO2018223440A1 WO 2018223440 A1 WO2018223440 A1 WO 2018223440A1 CN 2017090437 W CN2017090437 W CN 2017090437W WO 2018223440 A1 WO2018223440 A1 WO 2018223440A1
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parts
aqueous solution
rust
mass
added
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PCT/CN2017/090437
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English (en)
French (fr)
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赵龙
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深圳朝伟达科技有限公司
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Publication of WO2018223440A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018223440A1/zh

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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23GCLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
    • C23G1/00Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts
    • C23G1/02Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts with acid solutions
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C22/00Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C22/05Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
    • C23C22/06Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
    • C23C22/24Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing hexavalent chromium compounds
    • C23C22/33Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing hexavalent chromium compounds containing also phosphates

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of metallurgy, and in particular relates to a metal rust and rust preventive sealant and a preparation method thereof.
  • the present invention provides a metal rust and rust preventive sealant and a preparation method thereof, the sealant is a same as deodorizing oil
  • One of the objects of the present invention is to provide a metal rust and rust preventive sealant, which is composed of the following mass parts: water 35.4-56.8 parts, phosphoric acid 45-50 parts, aluminum Powder 1-1.5 parts, complexing agent 1.5-2.
  • the rust and rust preventive blocking agent further comprises a catalyst, the catalyst is 1.5-2.2 parts, and the catalyst is any one or more of sodium carbonate, sodium hydrogencarbonate, sodium sulfate or sodium sulfite.
  • the complexing agent is EDTA.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing the above metal rust and rust preventive sealant, the preparation method comprising the steps of: first adding tartaric acid, zinc dihydrogen phosphate, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate , potassium dichromate, nickel nitrate prepared separately into an aqueous solution, ready for use; the weighed good phosphoric acid is added to the aluminum powder to stir, stirring In the process, a catalyst, a complexing agent, an aqueous solution of tartaric acid, an aqueous solution of zinc dihydrogen phosphate, an aqueous solution of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, an aqueous solution of potassium dichromate, an aqueous solution of nickel nitrate, and a mixture of metal rust and rust are added in this order. Agent.
  • the preparation method comprises the following steps: 1) first pouring phosphoric acid into a container, then uniformly spraying the aluminum powder on the phosphoric acid, allowing the reaction, adding a catalyst in this reaction stage to obtain a reaction liquid 1;
  • reaction solution 2 slowly adding a complexing agent to the reaction solution 1, the liquid is converted from turbid to clear, to obtain a reaction solution 2;
  • the aqueous tartaric acid is added in an amount of 17 to 25 parts by mass of water to 5 parts by mass of tartaric acid.
  • the zinc dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution is added with 17-30 parts by mass of water in an amount of 7 parts by mass of zinc dihydrogen phosphate.
  • the sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate aqueous solution is added with 0.2-0.8 parts by mass of water in an amount of 0.2 parts by mass of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate.
  • the potassium dichromate aqueous solution is added with 0.5 parts by mass of water to 0.05 parts by mass of potassium dichromate; and 0.5 parts by mass of water is added to 0.03 parts by mass of nickel nitrate aqueous solution.
  • the phosphoric acid is added to the aluminum powder and stirred, and then the catalyst is added to obtain a reaction liquid 1.
  • the product has no pollution, no odor, safe and reliable use, and there is no problem of discharging waste water during the operation process.
  • the sealing agent developed by the invention is suitable for pre-treatment of steel surface coating and surface derusting treatment of rusted iron parts, and the surface of the steel workpiece is degreased, derusted, phosphatized and passivated at room temperature. It produces high adhesion and can be used in place of the primer.
  • the sealer can be recycled, saving labor and saving power.
  • the sealing agent is characterized by high efficiency, energy saving and adaptability. It is suitable for the treatment of large parts of local and outdoor, and can also be used for anti-rust treatment for short-term storage.
  • the sealant does not contain harmful substances such as copper, lead, tin, cobalt, antimony, mercury, cadmium, etc., and does not pollute the environment. 4.
  • the present invention provides a novel phosphating process which provides better rust and adhesion.
  • the method has the advantages of less steps, simple operation, small investment, substantial saving of manpower, material and financial resources, and processing of large workpieces, and the sealing agent has stable performance, good film formation corrosion resistance and adhesion.
  • a metal rust and rust preventive sealer consisting of the following parts by mass: water 35.4 parts, 45 parts of phosphoric acid, 1 part of aluminum powder, 1.5 parts of catalyst, 1.5 parts of complexing agent EDTA, 5 parts of tartaric acid, 7 parts of zinc dihydrogen phosphate, 0.2 parts of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, 0.05 parts of potassium dichromate, 0.03 parts of nickel nitrate; the catalyst is sodium sulfate.
  • the preparation method comprises the following steps:
  • reaction solution 2 slowly adding a complexing agent to the reaction solution 1, the liquid is converted from turbid to clear, to obtain a reaction solution 2;
  • the aqueous solution of tartaric acid is added with 17 parts by mass of water to 5 parts by mass of tartaric acid; the aqueous solution of zinc dihydrogen phosphate is added with 17 parts by mass of water of 7 parts by mass of zinc dihydrogen phosphate; and the aqueous solution of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate is 0.2 parts by mass.
  • Dodecane 0.4 parts by mass of water was added to sodium benzenesulfonate; 0.5 parts by mass of water was added to 0.05 parts by mass of potassium dichromate in an aqueous solution of potassium dichromate; and 0.5 parts by mass of water was added to 0.03 parts by mass of nickel nitrate aqueous solution.
  • a metal rust and rust preventive sealer consisting of the following parts by mass: water 56.8 parts, phosphoric acid 50 parts, aluminum powder 1.5 parts, catalyst 2.2 parts, complexing agent EDTA 2.2 parts, tartaric acid 5 parts, 7 parts of zinc dihydrogen phosphate, 0.2 parts of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, 0.05 parts of potassium dichromate, 0.03 parts of nickel nitrate; the catalyst is sodium carbonate.
  • the preparation method comprises the following steps:
  • reaction solution 2 slowly adding a complexing agent to the reaction solution 1, the liquid is converted from turbid to clear, to obtain a reaction solution 2;
  • the aqueous solution of tartaric acid is added with 25 parts by mass of water to 5 parts by mass of tartaric acid; 30 parts by mass of water is added to 7 parts by mass of zinc dihydrogen phosphate, and the aqueous solution of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate is 0.2 parts by mass.
  • 0.8 parts by mass of water is added to sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate;
  • 0.5 parts by mass of water is added to 0.05 parts by mass of potassium dichromate in potassium dichromate aqueous solution;
  • 0.5 parts by mass of water is added to 0.03 parts by mass of nickel nitrate solution .
  • a metal rust and rust preventive sealer consisting of the following parts by mass: 40 parts of water, 48 parts of phosphoric acid, 1.2 parts of aluminum powder, 2 parts of catalyst, 1.8 parts of complexing agent EDTA, 5 parts of tartaric acid, 7 parts of zinc dihydrogen phosphate, 0.2 parts of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, 0.05 parts of potassium dichromate, 0.03 parts of nickel nitrate; the catalyst is sodium hydrogencarbonate.
  • the preparation method comprises the following steps:
  • reaction solution 2 slowly adding a complexing agent to the reaction solution 1, the liquid is converted from turbid to clear, to obtain a reaction solution 2;
  • a metal rust and rust preventive sealer consisting of the following parts by mass: 50 parts of water, 46 parts of phosphoric acid, 1.1 parts of aluminum powder, 1.8 parts of catalyst, 1.6 parts of complexing agent, 5 parts of tartaric acid, and phosphoric acid 7 parts of zinc hydride, 0.2 parts of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, 0.05 parts of potassium dichromate, 0.03 parts of nickel nitrate; the catalyst is sodium sulfite.
  • the preparation method comprises the following steps:
  • reaction solution 2 slowly adding a complexing agent to the reaction solution 1, the liquid is converted from turbid to clear, to obtain a reaction solution 2;
  • the aqueous tartaric acid solution adds 23.4 parts by mass of water to 5 parts by mass of tartaric acid; the aqueous zinc dihydrogen phosphate solution adds 25 parts by mass of water to 7 parts by mass of zinc dihydrogen phosphate; and 0.2 parts by mass of aqueous sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate solution.
  • Sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate was added with 0.6 parts by mass of water; potassium dichromate aqueous solution was added to 0.05 parts by mass of potassium dichromate.
  • a metal rust and rust preventive sealer consisting of the following mass parts: 38 parts of water, 46 parts of phosphoric acid, 1.3 parts of aluminum powder, 1.7 parts of catalyst, 1.9 parts of complexing agent EDTA, 5 parts of tartaric acid, 7 parts of zinc dihydrogen phosphate, 0.2 parts of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, 0.05 parts of potassium dichromate, 0.03 parts of nickel nitrate; the catalyst is a 1:1 mixture of sodium carbonate and sodium sulfite.
  • the preparation method comprises the following steps:
  • reaction solution 2 slowly adding a complexing agent to the reaction solution 1, the liquid is converted from turbid to clear, to obtain a reaction solution 2; [0059] 3) preparing tartaric acid aqueous solution, zinc dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution, sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate aqueous solution, potassium dichromate aqueous solution, nickel nitrate aqueous solution, the aqueous solution of the above substances are sequentially added to the container under stirring, and mixed The metal rust and rust preventive sealant is prepared.
  • the aqueous solution of tartaric acid adds 18.3 parts by mass of water to 5 parts by mass of tartaric acid; the aqueous solution of zinc dihydrogen phosphate adds 18 parts by mass of water to 7 parts by mass of zinc dihydrogen phosphate; and 0.2 parts by mass of aqueous sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate solution.
  • the sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate is added with 0.7 parts by mass of water;
  • the potassium dichromate aqueous solution is added with 0.5 parts by mass of potassium dichromate, 0.5 parts by mass of water; the aqueous solution of nickel nitrate is added with 0.5 parts by mass of 0.03 parts by mass of nickel nitrate. Water.
  • a metal rust and rust preventive sealer consisting of the following mass parts: 38 parts of water, 46 parts of phosphoric acid, 1.3 parts of aluminum powder, 1.9 parts of complexing agent EDTA, 5 parts of tartaric acid, zinc dihydrogen phosphate 7 parts, sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate 0.2 parts, 0.05 parts of potassium dichromate, 0.03 parts of nickel nitrate; the catalyst is a mixture of sodium carbonate and sodium sulfite in a mass ratio of 1:1.
  • the preparation method comprises the following steps:
  • reaction solution 1 First, the phosphoric acid is poured into a container, and then the aluminum powder is evenly sprinkled on the phosphoric acid, and allowed to react to obtain a reaction solution 1;
  • reaction solution 2 slowly adding a complexing agent to the reaction solution 1, the liquid is converted from turbid to clear, to obtain a reaction solution 2;
  • the aqueous solution of tartaric acid added 18.3 parts by mass of water to 5 parts by mass of tartaric acid; the aqueous solution of zinc dihydrogen phosphate added 18 parts by mass of water to 7 parts by mass of zinc dihydrogen phosphate; and 0.2 parts by mass of aqueous sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate solution. 0.7 parts by mass of water was added to sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate; potassium dichromate solution was added to 0.05 parts by mass of potassium dichromate.
  • the metal rust-proof and rust-proof sealing agent according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention is used for cleaning the steel, and the steel materials are respectively A, B, C and D in the national standard GB/T 8923.1-2001.
  • the cleaning method is as follows: [0071] Class A (completely covered steel surface, adhered scale, almost no rust): Evenly spray the rust and rust preventive sealant, keep the crucible for 2-5 minutes, erase the sealant, and remove the rust effect to achieve Sal At the same level, the steel was placed indoors for 3 months without obvious rust marks, and the rust prevention effect was good.
  • Class B (the surface of the steel has been rusted, and the scale starts to fall off in a sheet form): Evenly spray the rust and rust preventive sealant, keep the crucible for 5-7 minutes, wipe off the sealant, and the rust removal effect is achieved. Sa2.5 grade, good rust removal effect.
  • Class C The oxide scale on the surface of the steel has been rusted or scraped, and slight rust spots can be seen in the naked eye): Spray the rust and rust preventive sealant evenly, keep the day for 7-10 minutes, wipe the sealant The rust removal effect reaches Sa3 level, and the rust removal effect is good.
  • Class D The oxide scale on the surface of the steel has been rusted and peeled off, and a large number of rust spots can be seen in the naked eye: Evenly spray the rust and rust preventive sealant, keep the crucible for 12-15 minutes, wipe off the sealant, remove the rust. The effect reaches Sa3 level and the rust removal effect is good.
  • the metal rust and rust preventive sealant described in Example 5 of the present invention is used for pickling the hot rolled wire of G7634 and G7724, and the immersion time is 15 minutes at room temperature, and no passivation treatment is required. According to this method, the surface of G7634 and G7724 which were pickled by the method is free of iron oxide skin, and the appearance is bright white. It is indicated that the metal rust and rust preventive sealant of the present invention can replace the conventional pickling process.
  • the metal rust and rust preventive sealant of the present invention is used as follows:
  • the concentration of the rust remover should be detected. When the acid concentration of the rust remover is low, the rust remover should be added, and then the rust remover is not used.
  • the rust remover should be first filtered and then used to avoid affecting the cleanliness of the rust remover and affecting the rust removal effect.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Preventing Corrosion Or Incrustation Of Metals (AREA)
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Abstract

一种金属除锈防锈封闭剂,其由如下质量份的物质组成:水35.4-56.8份,磷酸45-50份,铝粉1-1.5份,络合剂1.5-2.2份,酒石酸5份,磷酸二氢锌7份,十二烷基苯磺酸钠0.2份,重铬酸钾0.05份,硝酸镍0.03份。还公开了一种金属除锈防锈封闭剂的制备方法。

Description

一种金属除锈防锈封闭剂及制备方法 技术领域
[0001] 本发明属于冶金技术领域, 具体涉及一种金属除锈防锈封闭剂及制备方法。
背景技术
[0002] 根据国家标准, 钢铁表面在进行涂漆、 喷塑或电镀之前, 都要对钢铁表面进行 磷化、 钝化的预处理, 以提高钢铁表面的防锈性和附和力。 传统行业中使用手 工除锈或酸洗除锈。 手工除锈是最早应用的表面处理方法, 用于小面积的部位 以及不需要进行喷砂处理的地方, 它可以去除附着的氧化皮、 锈蚀产物以及松 散的漆皮和其他杂物。 目前, 磷酸盐转化膜处理广泛应用于汽车、 轮船、 机械 制造、 航空航天及家用电器等产品上。 酸洗除锈工艺的酸洗液一般为多种酸的 混合物, 主要有硫酸、 硝酸和氢氟酸等, 这些混合酸的腐蚀性很强, 同吋具有 很强的氧化性、 较高的腐蚀介质的温度。 钢材的酸洗除锈处理广泛地应用于冷 轧板材坯料及热轧板材的表面氧化铁皮的去除, 目前酸洗仍是钢铁生产和钢铁 表面处理吋不可或缺的工艺过程。
[0003] 手工除锈不适宜大规模生产。 传统酸洗处理工艺的采用虽然是目前最普及的除 锈方法, 但也带来如下的一些问题: 1、 大量消耗钢铁材料和酸。 在酸洗的过程 中, 有的主要通过酸与铁皮的化学反应, 溶解相应的金属氧化物来除去铁皮。 有的, 如使用硫酸进行钢材酸洗吋, 还要借助于酸与钢铁发生化学反应产生的 氢气泡的剥离作用来除去氧化铁皮。 因此在酸洗过程中, 大量消耗酸是必然的 。 虽然在酸洗中使用酸洗缓蚀剂可以降低钢铁的金属消耗, 但是仍有相当量的 金属铁损失掉。 2、 可能降低钢材的物理性能。 在酸洗过程中, 金属铁和酸之间 发生化学反应并产生氢气。 由于酸洗液中的氢的化学位高于被酸洗的钢材中氢 的化学位, 生成的氢会渗入钢中并积存起来造成氢脆, 从而影响钢材的机械性 能或以后的加工处理。 3、 会带来一系列的环境污染问题。 采用酸洗工艺对钢材 或零件进行表面处理, 由于钢材的品种、 产品的规格和生产的规模各不相同, 从而造成了在生产装备和生产环境方面有着很大差别。 如酸洗槽体的密封、 对 生产设备的腐蚀、 酸洗车间的通风排风、 酸雾的排出和处理以及污水的处理和 排放等方面, 处理方法和处理水平相差悬殊。 从而会带来许多环境保护方面的 问题, 而需要一一加以处理和解决。 4、 废酸和铁盐的处理问题。 钢铁的酸洗在 消耗大量金属铁的同吋还产生大量的废酸液与相应的酸和氧化铁或生成的铁盐 溶液。 为了回收和利用这些废酸液和铁盐, 需要较大的投资来建设相应的回收 和处理设备。 特别是对于一些小型的、 小批量的钢铁件进行酸洗处理吋, 往往 会出现酸洗废液难以集中进行处理的情况, 一旦发生直接排放的情况, 就会对 环境造成严重污染。
[0004] 保证质量的前提下, 尽量减少处理步骤, 缩短处理吋间, 降低处理成本以及减 少处理危害, 已成为当前钢铁表面处理领域中亟待解决的重要课题。 同吋, 推 行环保生产已成为世界各国实现经济、 社会可持续发展的必然选择。
技术问题
[0005] 对于一些小型的、 小批量的钢铁件进行酸洗处理吋, 往往会出现酸洗废液难以 集中进行处理的情况, 一旦发生直接排放的情况, 就会对环境造成严重污染。 问题的解决方案
技术解决方案
[0006] 本发明提供一种金属除锈防锈封闭剂及制备方法, 该封闭剂是一种可同吋除油
、 除锈、 磷化、 钝化, 高附着力, 代替底漆的"六合一"综合封闭剂。
[0007] 本发明的目的之一是提供一种金属除锈防锈封闭剂, 所述除锈防锈封闭剂由如 下质量份的物质组成: 水 35.4-56.8份, 磷酸 45-50份, 铝粉 1-1.5份, 络合剂 1.5-2.
2份, 酒石酸 5份, 磷酸二氢锌 7份, 十二烷基苯磺酸钠 0.2份, 重铬酸钾 0.05份, 硝酸镍 0.03份。
[0008] 优选地, 所述除锈防锈封闭剂还包括催化剂, 所述催化剂 1.5-2.2份, 所述催化 剂为碳酸钠、 碳酸氢钠、 硫酸钠或亚硫酸钠中的任意一种或几种。
[0009] 优选地, 所述络合剂为 EDTA。
[0010] 本发明的另一目的是提供一种上述金属除锈防锈封闭剂的制备方法, 所述制备 方法包括如下步骤: 先将酒石酸, 磷酸二氢锌, 十二烷基苯磺酸钠, 重铬酸钾 , 硝酸镍分别制备成水溶液, 备用; 将称量好的磷酸加入铝粉搅拌, 在搅拌的 过程中依次添加催化剂, 络合剂, 酒石酸水溶液, 磷酸二氢锌水溶液, 十二烷 基苯磺酸钠水溶液, 重铬酸钾水溶液, 硝酸镍水溶液, 混匀即可得金属除锈防 锈封闭剂。
[0011] 优选地, 所述制备方法包括如下步骤: 1) 首先将磷酸倒入容器中, 再将铝粉 均匀撒在磷酸上, 让其反应, 在这个反应阶段加入催化剂, 得到反应液 1 ;
[0012] 2) 向反应液 1中缓慢加入络合剂, 让液体由浊转变为清, 得到反应液 2;
[0013] 3) 制备酒石酸水溶液、 磷酸二氢锌水溶液, 十二烷基苯磺酸钠水溶液, 重铬 酸钾水溶液, 硝酸镍水溶液, 将上述物质的水溶液在搅拌下依次加入容器中, 混匀制得所述金属除锈防锈封闭剂。
[0014] 优选地, 所述步骤 3) 中, 酒石酸水溶液为 5质量份酒石酸添加 17-25质量份的 水。
[0015] 优选地, 所述步骤 3) 中, 所述步骤 1) 中, 磷酸二氢锌水溶液为 7质量份磷酸 二氢锌添加 17-30质量份的水。
[0016] 优选地, 所述步骤 3) 中, 所述步骤 1) 中, 十二烷基苯磺酸钠水溶液为 0.2质量 份十二烷基苯磺酸钠添加 0.4-0.8质量份的水。
[0017] 优选地, 所述重铬酸钾水溶液为 0.05质量份重铬酸钾添加 0.5质量份的水; 硝酸 镍水溶液为 0.03质量份硝酸镍添加 0.5质量份的水。
[0018] 优选地, 所述磷酸加入铝粉搅拌后加入催化剂, 得到反应液 1。
[0019] 与传统除锈工艺相比, 本发明的技术方案具有如下优点:
[0020] 1、 传统表面处理需要多道工序, 现改为一道工序完成, 可以减少传统表面处 理操作次数多、 清洁繁琐的过程, 彻底节省金属表面处理的材料和人工费用。
[0021] 2、 产品无污染, 无气味, 使用安全可靠, 操作过程不存在排放废水问题, 金 属表面处理清洗后, 沉淀的残留不存在液体排放, 处理液可重复使用, 适当补 充原液即可, 节约金属前处理的成本费用, 且腐蚀性弱, 人体皮肤短吋间接触 用清水清洗即可, 无挥发性, 不易燃, 无特殊气味, 操作绝对安全。
[0022] 3、 抗冲击性强, 用本产品处理过的金属表面完全与保护层 (油漆) 高度粘合 , 具极强抗冲击性, 有较长吋间防腐防锈寿命, 与现有市场上传统处理产品相 比, 使用本产品的物体可延长金属表面维护吋间, 更上一个档次。 [0023] 4、 工作环境要求低, 无"三废"排放, 操作简单。
发明的有益效果
有益效果
[0024] 1、 本发明研制的封闭剂适用于钢铁表面涂装前处理及生锈铁件表面除锈处理 , 室温下使钢铁工件表面去油、 除锈、 磷化、 钝化一步完成, 用后产生高附着 力并可代替底漆使用。 封闭剂可循环使用, 节省工吋, 节约电源。 2、 本封闭剂 具有高效节能、 适应性强等特点, 适合于局部和户外大型部件的处理, 也可作 短期存放的防锈处理。 3、 本封闭剂不含铜、 铅、 锡、 钴、 锑、 汞、 镉等有害物 质, 不污染环境。 4、 本发明提供了一种新的磷化方法, 所得磷化膜有较好的防 锈性和附着力。 该方法具有工序少, 操作简单, 投资小, 能大量节约人力物力 和财力, 对大型工件也可进行处理等优越性, 该封闭剂性能稳定, 成膜耐蚀性 及附着力均佳。
本发明的实施方式
[0025] 下面结合具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细的说明。
[0026] 实施例 1
[0027] 一种金属除锈防锈封闭剂, 由如下质量份的物质组成: 水 35.4份, 磷酸 45份, 铝粉 1份, 催化剂 1.5份, 络合剂 EDTA1.5份, 酒石酸 5份, 磷酸二氢锌 7份, 十二 烷基苯磺酸钠 0.2份, 重铬酸钾 0.05份, 硝酸镍 0.03份; 所述催化剂为硫酸钠。
[0028] 制备方法包括如下步骤:
[0029] 1) 首先将磷酸倒入容器中, 再将铝粉均匀撒在磷酸上, 让其反应, 在这个反 应阶段加入催化剂, 得到反应液 1 ;
[0030] 2) 向反应液 1中缓慢加入络合剂, 让液体由浊转变为清, 得到反应液 2;
[0031] 3) 制备酒石酸水溶液、 磷酸二氢锌水溶液, 十二烷基苯磺酸钠水溶液, 重铬 酸钾水溶液, 硝酸镍水溶液, 将上述物质的水溶液在搅拌下依次加入容器中, 混匀制得所述金属除锈防锈封闭剂。
[0032] 酒石酸水溶液为 5质量份酒石酸添加 17质量份的水; 磷酸二氢锌水溶液为 7质量 份磷酸二氢锌添加 17质量份的水; 十二烷基苯磺酸钠水溶液为 0.2质量份十二烷 基苯磺酸钠添加 0.4质量份的水; 重铬酸钾水溶液为 0.05质量份重铬酸钾添加 0.5 质量份的水; 硝酸镍水溶液为 0.03质量份硝酸镍添加 0.5质量份的水。
[0033] 实施例 2
[0034] 一种金属除锈防锈封闭剂, 由如下质量份的物质组成: 水 56.8份, 磷酸 50份, 铝粉 1.5份, 催化剂 2.2份, 络合剂 EDTA2.2份, 酒石酸 5份, 磷酸二氢锌 7份, 十 二烷基苯磺酸钠 0.2份, 重铬酸钾 0.05份, 硝酸镍 0.03份; 所述催化剂为碳酸钠。
[0035] 制备方法包括如下步骤:
[0036] 1) 首先将磷酸倒入容器中, 再将铝粉均匀撒在磷酸上, 让其反应, 在这个反 应阶段加入催化剂, 得到反应液 1 ;
[0037] 2) 向反应液 1中缓慢加入络合剂, 让液体由浊转变为清, 得到反应液 2;
[0038] 3) 制备酒石酸水溶液、 磷酸二氢锌水溶液, 十二烷基苯磺酸钠水溶液, 重铬 酸钾水溶液, 硝酸镍水溶液, 将上述物质的水溶液在搅拌下依次加入容器中, 混匀制得所述金属除锈防锈封闭剂。
[0039] 酒石酸水溶液为 5质量份酒石酸添加 25质量份的水; 磷酸二氢锌水溶液为 7质量 份磷酸二氢锌添加 30质量份的水; 十二烷基苯磺酸钠水溶液为 0.2质量份十二烷 基苯磺酸钠添加 0.8质量份的水; 重铬酸钾水溶液为 0.05质量份重铬酸钾添加 0.5 质量份的水; 硝酸镍水溶液为 0.03质量份硝酸镍添加 0.5质量份的水。
[0040] 实施例 3
[0041] 一种金属除锈防锈封闭剂, 由如下质量份的物质组成: 水 40份, 磷酸 48份, 铝 粉 1.2份, 催化剂 2份, 络合剂 EDTA1.8份, 酒石酸 5份, 磷酸二氢锌 7份, 十二烷 基苯磺酸钠 0.2份, 重铬酸钾 0.05份, 硝酸镍 0.03份; 所述催化剂为碳酸氢钠。
[0042] 制备方法包括如下步骤:
[0043] 1) 首先将磷酸倒入容器中, 再将铝粉均匀撒在磷酸上, 让其反应, 在这个反 应阶段加入催化剂, 得到反应液 1 ;
[0044] 2) 向反应液 1中缓慢加入络合剂, 让液体由浊转变为清, 得到反应液 2;
[0045] 3) 制备酒石酸水溶液、 磷酸二氢锌水溶液, 十二烷基苯磺酸钠水溶液, 重铬 酸钾水溶液, 硝酸镍水溶液, 将上述物质的水溶液在搅拌下依次加入容器中, 混匀制得所述金属除锈防锈封闭剂。 [0046] 酒石酸水溶液为 5质量份酒石酸添加 20质量份的水; 磷酸二氢锌水溶液为 7质量 份磷酸二氢锌添加 18.5质量份的水; 十二烷基苯磺酸钠水溶液为 0.2质量份十二 烷基苯磺酸钠添加 0.5质量份的水; 重铬酸钾水溶液为 0.05质量份重铬酸钾添加 0. 5质量份的水; 硝酸镍水溶液为 0.03质量份硝酸镍添加 0.5质量份的水。
[0047] 实施例 4
[0048] 一种金属除锈防锈封闭剂, 由如下质量份的物质组成: 水 50份, 磷酸 46份, 铝 粉 1.1份, 催化剂 1.8份, 络合剂 1.6份, 酒石酸 5份, 磷酸二氢锌 7份, 十二烷基苯 磺酸钠 0.2份, 重铬酸钾 0.05份, 硝酸镍 0.03份; 所述催化剂为亚硫酸钠。
[0049] 制备方法包括如下步骤:
[0050] 1) 首先将磷酸倒入容器中, 再将铝粉均匀撒在磷酸上, 让其反应, 在这个反 应阶段加入催化剂, 得到反应液 1 ;
[0051] 2) 向反应液 1中缓慢加入络合剂, 让液体由浊转变为清, 得到反应液 2;
[0052] 3) 制备酒石酸水溶液、 磷酸二氢锌水溶液, 十二烷基苯磺酸钠水溶液, 重铬 酸钾水溶液, 硝酸镍水溶液, 将上述物质的水溶液在搅拌下依次加入容器中, 混匀制得所述金属除锈防锈封闭剂。
[0053] 酒石酸水溶液为 5质量份酒石酸添加 23.4质量份的水; 磷酸二氢锌水溶液为 7质 量份磷酸二氢锌添加 25质量份的水; 十二烷基苯磺酸钠水溶液为 0.2质量份十二 烷基苯磺酸钠添加 0.6质量份的水; 重铬酸钾水溶液为 0.05质量份重铬酸钾添加 0.
5质量份的水; 硝酸镍水溶液为 0.03质量份硝酸镍添加 0.5质量份的水。
[0054] 实施例 5
[0055] 一种金属除锈防锈封闭剂, 由如下质量份的物质组成: 水 38份, 磷酸 46份, 铝 粉 1.3份, 催化剂 1.7份, 络合剂 EDTA1.9份, 酒石酸 5份, 磷酸二氢锌 7份, 十二 烷基苯磺酸钠 0.2份, 重铬酸钾 0.05份, 硝酸镍 0.03份; 所述催化剂为碳酸钠和亚 硫酸钠质量比 1:1混合物。
[0056] 制备方法包括如下步骤:
[0057] 1) 首先将磷酸倒入容器中, 再将铝粉均匀撒在磷酸上, 让其反应, 在这个反 应阶段加入催化剂, 得到反应液 1 ;
[0058] 2) 向反应液 1中缓慢加入络合剂, 让液体由浊转变为清, 得到反应液 2; [0059] 3) 制备酒石酸水溶液、 磷酸二氢锌水溶液, 十二烷基苯磺酸钠水溶液, 重铬 酸钾水溶液, 硝酸镍水溶液, 将上述物质的水溶液在搅拌下依次加入容器中, 混匀制得所述金属除锈防锈封闭剂。
[0060] 酒石酸水溶液为 5质量份酒石酸添加 18.3质量份的水; 磷酸二氢锌水溶液为 7质 量份磷酸二氢锌添加 18质量份的水; 十二烷基苯磺酸钠水溶液为 0.2质量份十二 烷基苯磺酸钠添加 0.7质量份的水; 重铬酸钾水溶液为 0.05质量份重铬酸钾添加 0. 5质量份的水; 硝酸镍水溶液为 0.03质量份硝酸镍添加 0.5质量份的水。
[0061] 实施例 6
[0062] 一种金属除锈防锈封闭剂, 由如下质量份的物质组成: 水 38份, 磷酸 46份, 铝 粉 1.3份, 络合剂 EDTA1.9份, 酒石酸 5份, 磷酸二氢锌 7份, 十二烷基苯磺酸钠 0. 2份, 重铬酸钾 0.05份, 硝酸镍 0.03份; 所述催化剂为碳酸钠和亚硫酸钠质量比 1: 1混合物。
[0063] 制备方法包括如下步骤:
[0064] 1) 首先将磷酸倒入容器中, 再将铝粉均匀撒在磷酸上, 让其反应, 得到反应 液 1 ;
[0065] 2) 向反应液 1中缓慢加入络合剂, 让液体由浊转变为清, 得到反应液 2;
[0066] 3) 制备酒石酸水溶液、 磷酸二氢锌水溶液, 十二烷基苯磺酸钠水溶液, 重铬 酸钾水溶液, 硝酸镍水溶液, 将上述物质的水溶液在搅拌下依次加入容器中, 混匀制得所述金属除锈防锈封闭剂。
[0067] 酒石酸水溶液为 5质量份酒石酸添加 18.3质量份的水; 磷酸二氢锌水溶液为 7质 量份磷酸二氢锌添加 18质量份的水; 十二烷基苯磺酸钠水溶液为 0.2质量份十二 烷基苯磺酸钠添加 0.7质量份的水; 重铬酸钾水溶液为 0.05质量份重铬酸钾添加 0.
5质量份的水; 硝酸镍水溶液为 0.03质量份硝酸镍添加 0.5质量份的水。
[0068] 实施例 7
[0069] 本实施例将进一步阐述封闭剂的使用效果。 实施例 1-7中所述除锈防锈封闭剂 使用效果差距不明显, 仅以实施例 5例举, 其余实施例相同。
[0070] 应用本发明实施例 5所述的金属除锈防锈封闭剂清洗钢材, 钢材分别为国标 GB/ T 8923.1-2001中所述 A级、 B级、 C级、 D级。 清洗方法如下: [0071] A级 (钢材表面完全覆盖, 粘附的氧化皮, 几乎无铁锈) : 均匀喷涂本除锈防 锈封闭剂, 保持吋间 2-5分钟, 擦除封闭剂, 除锈效果达到 Sal级, 同吋将钢材置 于室内 3个月未见明显锈痕, 防锈效果好。
[0072] B级 (钢材表面已幵始锈蚀, 氧化皮幵始成片状脱落) : 均匀喷涂本除锈防锈 封闭剂, 保持吋间 5-7分钟, 擦除封闭剂, 除锈效果达到 Sa2.5级, 除锈效果好。
[0073] C级 (钢材表面上的氧化皮已锈蚀或可刮除, 裸眼可看到轻微锈点) : 均匀喷 涂本除锈防锈封闭剂, 保持吋间 7-10分钟, 擦除封闭剂, 除锈效果达到 Sa3级, 除锈效果好。
[0074] D级 (钢材表面上的氧化皮已锈蚀剥落, 裸眼可看到大量锈点) : 均匀喷涂本 除锈防锈封闭剂, 保持吋间 12-15分钟, 擦除封闭剂, 除锈效果达到 Sa3级, 除锈 效果好。
[0075] 实施例 8
[0076] 应用本发明实施例 5中所述的金属除锈防锈封闭剂对 G7634、 G7724热轧线材进 行酸洗, 浸泡吋间为 15分钟, 常温, 无需做钝化处理。 按照此方法酸洗的 G7634 、 G7724表面无氧化铁皮残留, 外观呈亮白色。 说明本发明的金属除锈防锈封闭 剂可以替代传统酸洗工序。
[0077] 实施例 9
[0078] 本发明的金属除锈防锈封闭剂使用方法如下:
[0079] 使用吋, 将生锈的金属浸泡在本除锈剂中, 浸泡吋间为 2-30分钟。
[0080] 若多次使用, 应对除锈剂的浓度进行检测, 当除锈剂中酸浓度较低吋应补加除 锈剂, 然后再继续使用, 除锈剂的除锈效果不会下降。
[0081] 若除锈剂长期使用, 应对除锈剂先进行过滤, 然后再使用, 以免影响除锈剂的 洁净度, 影响除锈效果。
[0082] 以上实施例仅用以说明而非限制本发明的技术方案, 尽管参照上述实施例对本 发明进行了详细说明, 本领域的普通技术人员应当理解: 依然可以对本发明进 行修改或者等同替换, 而不脱离本发明的精神和范围的任何修改或局部替换, 其均应涵盖在本发明的权利要求范围当中。

Claims

权利要求书
一种金属除锈防锈封闭剂, 其特征在于, 所述除锈防锈封闭剂由如下 质量份的物质组成: 7J 35.4-56.8份, 磷酸 45-50份, 铝粉 1-1.5份, 络 合剂 1.5-2.2份, 酒石酸 5份, 磷酸二氢锌 7份, 十二烷基苯磺酸钠 0.2份 , 重铬酸钾 0.05份, 硝酸镍 0.03份。
根据权利要求 1所述的一种金属除锈防锈封闭剂, 其特征在于, 所述 除锈防锈封闭剂还包括催化剂, 所述催化剂 1.5-2.2份, 所述催化剂为 碳酸钠、 碳酸氢钠、 硫酸钠或亚硫酸钠中的任意一种或几种。
根据权利要求 1所述的一种金属除锈防锈封闭剂, 其特征在于, 所述 络合剂为 EDTA。
基于权利要求 1-3任意一项所述的一种金属除锈防锈封闭剂的制备方 法, 其特征在于, 所述制备方法包括如下步骤: 先将酒石酸, 磷酸二 氢锌, 十二烷基苯磺酸钠, 重铬酸钾, 硝酸镍分别制备成水溶液, 备 用; 将称量好的磷酸加入铝粉搅拌, 在搅拌的过程中依次添加络合剂 , 酒石酸水溶液, 磷酸二氢锌水溶液, 十二烷基苯磺酸钠水溶液, 重 铬酸钾水溶液, 硝酸镍水溶液, 混匀即可得金属除锈防锈封闭剂。 根据权利要求 4所述的制备方法, 其特征在于, 所述制备方法包括如 下步骤: 1) 首先将磷酸倒入容器中, 再将铝粉均匀撒在磷酸上, 让 其反应, 得到反应液 1 ;
2) 向反应液 1中缓慢加入络合剂, 让液体由浊转变为清, 得到反应液 2;
3) 制备酒石酸水溶液、 磷酸二氢锌水溶液, 十二烷基苯磺酸钠水溶 液, 重铬酸钾水溶液, 硝酸镍水溶液, 将上述物质的水溶液在搅拌下 依次加入容器中, 混匀制得所述金属除锈防锈封闭剂。
根据权利要求 4或 5所述的制备方法, 其特征在于, 所述酒石酸水溶液 为 5质量份酒石酸添加 17-25质量份的水。
根据权利要求 4或 5所述的制备方法, 其特征在于, 所述磷酸二氢锌水 [权利要求 8] 根据权利要求 4或 5所述的制备方法, 其特征在于, 所述十二烷基苯磺 酸钠水溶液为 0.2质量份十二烷基苯磺酸钠添加 0.4-0.8质量份的水。
[权利要求 9] 根据权利要求 4或 5所述的制备方法, 其特征在于, 所述重铬酸钾水溶 液为 0.05质量份重铬酸钾添加 0.5质量份的水; 硝酸镍水溶液为 0.03质 量份硝酸镍添加 0.5质量份的水。
[权利要求 10] 根据权利要求 4或 5所述的制备方法, 其特征在于, 所述磷酸加入铝粉 搅拌后加入催化剂, 得到反应液 1。
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