WO2018223184A1 - Procédé et appareil de déshydratation, de revêtement et de dépôt d'explosif en vrac dans un trou de mine en un seul passage - Google Patents

Procédé et appareil de déshydratation, de revêtement et de dépôt d'explosif en vrac dans un trou de mine en un seul passage Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018223184A1
WO2018223184A1 PCT/AU2018/050559 AU2018050559W WO2018223184A1 WO 2018223184 A1 WO2018223184 A1 WO 2018223184A1 AU 2018050559 W AU2018050559 W AU 2018050559W WO 2018223184 A1 WO2018223184 A1 WO 2018223184A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
blast hole
liner
blast
dewatering
platform
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/AU2018/050559
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Gregory Patching
Original Assignee
Tbs Mining Solutions Pty Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from AU2017902159A external-priority patent/AU2017902159A0/en
Application filed by Tbs Mining Solutions Pty Ltd filed Critical Tbs Mining Solutions Pty Ltd
Publication of WO2018223184A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018223184A1/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42D—BLASTING
    • F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
    • F42D1/08—Tamping methods; Methods for loading boreholes with explosives; Apparatus therefor
    • F42D1/10—Feeding explosives in granular or slurry form; Feeding explosives by pneumatic or hydraulic pressure

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of blasting, particularly in the fields of mining, quarrying and excavations.
  • the invention relates to methods and apparatus for use in blasting operations in mining, quarrying and excavations.
  • Minerals such as iron ore and coal can be recovered in a variety of methods including above ground open cut mining methods. Such methods can involve the use of blasting with bulk explosives to dislodge bulk quantities of ore for excavation and recovery through subsequent handling via excavators and the like.
  • blast holes are filled with bulk explosive materials that are, at least in part, ammonium nitrate based low velocity explosives.
  • the explosive material will be contacted with a primer and covered or “stemmed” with material such as aggregate.
  • the primer is activated electrically, non- electrically or by some other means to cause the explosive to detonate.
  • blast holes can contain water in varying quantities.
  • the water may enter the blast holes from different sources after they are drilled such as from seepage into the hole from the surrounding geology or through the opening at the entrance to the blast hole.
  • Ammonium nitrate based explosives such as ANFO (Ammonium nitrate fuel oil) are sensitive to the presence of water as the ammonium nitrate is highly water soluble.
  • ANFO used in a dry blast hole may comprise a mixture of around 94% porous prilled ammonium nitrate (NH4N03) (AN), which acts as the oxidizing agent and absorbent for the fuel, and around 6% fuel oil (FO).
  • HANFO is a composition of porous prilled ammonium nitrate and an emulsion that serves to increase the density of the explosive and reduce any interaction with water.
  • the explosive may comprise a significant quantity of the emulsion material of up to 100% emulsion.
  • the explosive characteristics of the different explosive compositions can vary significantly which can and does complicate the explosive design and efficiency of the blasting operation. Because the presence of water in blast holes can dictate the composition of the explosive used the blasting operation is not always optimised on an "energy partitioning" basis. In most instances, the preferred explosive to use in a blasting operation is ANFO which necessitates a dry blast hole. However, in some instances an explosive composition containing some proportion of emulsion may be preferred.
  • One solution that enables the use of ANFO in blast holes containing water is the use of a water impermeable liner material.
  • the liner material is an elongated tube that is sealed at one end and the sealed end is fed down into the blast hole.
  • the liner is then primed and filled with the ANFO which is then pulled to the side of the hole and then the hole is stemmed.
  • the use of a liner involves an additional sequence of steps to the blasting process and requires that additional material and equipment be deployed to the blasting site.
  • the invention provides a mobile platform for dewatering a blast hole and for delivering a bulk explosive thereto in a single pass, the platform including: a dewatering apparatus for removing water from a blast hole; and a store of bulk explosive material for delivery into the blast hole.
  • the mobile platform is advantageous in that it facilitates the dewatering of a blast hole and subsequent delivery of bulk explosive thereto in a single pass of a single mobile platform, such as a vehicle or truck, that does not require revisiting the same blast hole on multiple occasions to carry out dewatering and explosive delivery and preferably other tasks associated with embodiments detailed below.
  • the reference to "single pass" is a reference to a single visitation to a blast hole by a single mobile platform and its operators as opposed to revisiting a blast hole on multiple occasions.
  • the platform includes an explosive material depositing apparatus adapted for depositing a quantity of the explosive material into the blast hole.
  • the platform can include an explosive material metering apparatus adapted for controlling a quantity of the explosive material deposited into the blast hole.
  • the explosive material depositing apparatus includes an auger.
  • the metering apparatus includes a processing means for calculating the quantity of explosive material as a function of a parameter of the blast hole.
  • the parameter of the blast hole can include any one or more of blast hole diameter and blast hole depth.
  • the store of explosive material includes a store of porous prilled ammonium nitrate, a store of fuel oil and an emulsion wherein the explosive material depositing means is adapted to deposit a mixture of the porous prilled ammonium nitrate and optionally the fuel oil or the emulsion or both.
  • the mobile platform may include a processing device for determining the relative quantities of the porous prilled ammonium nitrate and the fuel oil and/or the emulsion in the mixture as a function of any one or more of a parameter of the blast hole, a parameter of any water in the blast hole, a parameter of the geology surrounding the blast hole and a predetermined blast design.
  • the dewatering apparatus can include a reel assembly and a flexible conduit adapted to be fed into the blast hole, the conduit being coupled to a pump assembly adapted for pumping water out of the blast hole via the flexible conduit.
  • the dewatering apparatus is configured so that the flexible conduit is fed forward of the mobile platform and the explosive material depositing apparatus is configured to deposit explosive material to the side of the mobile platform.
  • This embodiment is advantageous as it allows the conduit of the dewatering apparatus to be fed into a blast hole forward of the mobile platform while simultaneously allowing the explosive material depositing apparatus to deposit explosive material into a blast hole to the side of the mobile platform.
  • the mobile platform can include a water store for retaining water pumped out of the blast hole with the flexible conduit.
  • the mobile platform further includes a supply of a lay- flat tubular blast hole liner adapted for a length of the liner to be drawn therefrom.
  • the mobile platform may preferably also include a blast hole liner sealing apparatus adapted to form a seal at a location along the length of the liner.
  • the mobile platform includes a supply of a stemming material and a device for depositing the stemming material into the blast hole.
  • a stemming material metering device for depositing a metered portion of the stemming material.
  • the mobile platform is configured for the dewatering apparatus to remove water from one blast hole while simultaneously providing a blast hole liner and/or depositing a bulk explosive material and/or depositing a stemming material into another blast hole.
  • the mobile platform includes a boom extending forward of the mobile platform for supporting a flexible conduit adapted to be fed into a blast hole forward of the mobile platform and to the side of the mobile platform an explosive material depositing apparatus is adapted to deliver a bulk explosive and/or a length of the liner can be drawn from a supply of a blast hole liner and/or a stemming material supply device is adapted to supply a stemming material into a blast hole to the side of the mobile apparatus.
  • the invention provides a method of dewatering a blast hole and delivering a bulk explosive thereto in a single pass, the method including: manoeuvring a mobile platform comprising a dewatering apparatus and a store of bulk explosive material to a location adjacent a blast hole; inserting a flexible conduit of the dewatering apparatus into the blast hole and pumping water out of the blast hole via the conduit; removing the flexible conduit from the blast hole; and depositing a quantity of a bulk explosive mate ial into the blast hole from the store of the explosive material.
  • the method is advantageous in that it facilitates the dewatering of a blast hole and subsequent delivery of bulk explosive thereto in a single pass by, for example, a single mobile platform, such as a vehicle or trailer mounted platform.
  • the method does not require revisiting the same blast hole on multiple occasions to carry out dewatering and explosive delivery and preferably also other tasks associated with embodiments of the method detailed below.
  • the method may include metering the quantity of the explosive material deposited into the blast hole.
  • the method may include calculating the quantity of explosive material as a function of a parameter of the blast hole.
  • the parameter of the blast hole includes blast hole diameter and/or blast hole depth.
  • the store of explosive material includes any one or more of a store of porous prilled ammonium nitrate, a store of fuel oil and an emulsion and wherein depositing the explosive material includes depositing a mixture of the porous prilled ammonium nitrate and any one or more of the fuel oil and the emulsion.
  • the method includes determining the relative quantities of the porous prilled ammonium nitrate and any one or more of the fuel oil and the emulsion required for the mixture as a function of any one or more of a parameter of the blast hole, a parameter of any water in the blast hole, a parameter of the geology surrounding the blast hole and a predetermined blast design.
  • the method can include providing a store of a blast hole liner and drawing a length of the liner therefrom and sealing the blast hole liner at a location along the length of the liner.
  • the method includes inserting the sealed length of the liner into the blast hole and filling the liner with the quantity of the bulk explosive material.
  • the method can also include depositing a metered portion of stemming material into the blast hole.
  • the stemming material is deposited above the bulk explosive material within the blast hole.
  • the invention provides an apparatus for dewatering and lining a blast hole in a single pass, the apparatus comprising: a dewatering apparatus; and a supply of a blast hole liner adapted for a length of the liner to be drawn therefrom and deployed into the blast hole.
  • the apparatus is advantageous in that it facilitates the dewatering of a blast hole and subsequent, or simultaneous provision of a liner into the blast hole in a single pass of a mobile apparatus, preferably mounted on a vehicle such as a truck, that does not require revisiting the same blast hole on multiple occasions to carry out dewatering and blast hole liner delivery and other tasks associated with embodiments detailed below.
  • the reference to "single pass" in relation to the apparatus is a reference to a single visitation to a blast hole with a single apparatus, and in embodiments the vehicle or truck upon which the apparatus is mounted, as opposed to revisiting a blast hole on multiple occasions.
  • the apparatus includes a blast hole liner sealing apparatus adapted to form a transverse seal at a location along the length of the liner.
  • the apparatus may include a supply of stemming material and a means for the delivery of the stemming material into the blast hole.
  • the apparatus further includes a means for depositing a metered portion of the stemming material into the blast hole.
  • the dewatering apparatus includes a reel assembly and a flexible conduit adapted to be fed into the blast hole, the conduit being coupled to a pump assembly adapted for pumping water out of the blast hole via the flexible conduit.
  • Figure 1 illustrates a perspective view of a modular apparatus for dewatering a blast hole in accordance with an embodiment of the invention, wherein the apparatus includes a dewatering apparatus, a supply of blast hole liner, a means for sealing the blast hole liner and a supply of stemming material;
  • Figure 2 illustrates another perspective view of the modular apparatus for dewatering a blast hole thereto of figure 1 ;
  • Figure 3 illustrates a cut away view of a portion of the modular apparatus for dewatering a blast hole thereto of figure 1 illustrating the supply of the blast hole liner material and the sealing apparatus for sealing the liner along a length thereof;
  • Figure 4 illustrates the same portion of the modular apparatus as illustrated in Figure 3 and the operation of the sealing apparatus in sealing the liner at a location along a length thereof;
  • Figure 5 illustrates the sealing apparatus of the modular apparatus of Figure 1 and the operation of the sealing apparatus in sealing the liner at a location along a length thereof
  • Figure 6 illustrates the sealing apparatus of Figure 1 and illustrating the operation of the sealing apparatus in sealing the liner at two locations along a length thereof either side of a weight positioned within the liner;
  • Figure 7 illustrates a perspective view of a mobile platform for dewatering a blast hole and for delivering a bulk explosive thereto in accordance with an embodiment of the invention, wherein the mobile platform includes a dewatering apparatus, a supply of blast hole liner, a means for sealing the blast hole liner and a supply of stemming material;
  • Figure 8 illustrates a side view of the mobile platform of figure 7;
  • Figure 9 illustrates a rear view of the mobile platform of figure 9
  • Figure 10 illustrates a flow chart of embodiments of a method of dewatering a blast hole and delivering a bulk explosive thereto;
  • Figure 11 illustrates a perspective view of the mobile platform of Figure 7 performing dewatering a blast hole in accordance with an embodiment of the invention wherein the dewatering apparatus is operative to dewater a blast hole;
  • Figure 12 illustrates a perspective view of the mobile platform of Figure 7 performing deployment of a blast hole liner into the blast hole in accordance with an embodiment of the invention
  • Figure 13 illustrates a perspective view of the mobile platform of Figure 7 performing a step of depositing an amount of bulk explosive material into the liner within the blast hole in accordance with an embodiment of the invention
  • Figure 14 illustrates a perspective view of the mobile platform of Figure 7 performing a step of depositing an amount of stemming material into the blast hole to cover the explosive within the liner within the blast hole;
  • Figure 15 illustrates a perspective view of the mobile platform of Figure 7 performing a step accordance with some embodiments wherein an amount of stemming material is being deployed into the blast hole before an amount of bulk explosive material is provided into the blast hole;
  • Figure 6 illustrates a flow chart of a method in accordance with any embodiment of the invention for designing a blasting scheme of blast holes for a blasting operation, drilling the blast holes, measuring the amount of any water in the blast holes, dewatering the blast holes, priming and deploying the bulk explosive material including any liner that is required and subsequent stemming of the blast holes;
  • Figure 17 illustrates a flow chart of a method in accordance with an embodiment of the invention for measuring the amount of any water in any blast holes, capturing and processing data obtained from the measurements, dewatering the blast holes if required, priming the blast holes, providing bulk explosive in the blast hole along with any blast liner and finally stemming the blast holes;
  • Figure 18 illustrates a flow chart of a method of conducting a blasting operation including dewatering a blast hole and delivering a bulk explosive thereto in accordance with embodiments of the invention.
  • Figure 19 illustrates a side view of a mobile platform for dewatering a blast hole and for delivering a bulk explosive thereto in accordance with an embodiment of the invention, wherein the mobile platform includes a dewatering apparatus adapted to dewater a blast hole while simultaneously providing a blast hole liner and/or deploying explosive and/or providing stemming material into another blast hole.
  • the invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the embodiments illustrated in the Figures.
  • FIG. 1 to 6 there is shown an apparatus 10 for dewatering and/or lining a blast hole in a single pass.
  • the reference to “single pass” is a reference to a single visitation to a blast hole of a single apparatus or piece of equipment or a platform (such as a vehicle, truck or trailer) comprising the apparatus or piece of equipment.
  • “single pass” refers to an apparatus, platform or method that obviates the need to revisit the same blast hole on multiple occasions to carry out various tasks including any combination of dewatering, blast hole lining and explosive delivery and other tasks associated with embodiments detailed herein. Accordingly, throughout the specification, the reference to “single pass” is a reference to a single visitation to a blast hole as opposed to revisiting a blast hole on multiple occasions.
  • the apparatus 10 broadly includes a dewatering apparatus 20 and a supply 30 of a blast hole liner 35.
  • the apparatus includes a frame 12 to which the various components of the apparatus 10 described herein are mounted.
  • the apparatus 10 is adapted, in use, for a length of the liner 35 to be drawn from the supply 30 thereof to be deployed into the blast hole.
  • Embodiments of the apparatus 10 are advantageous in that they facilitate the rapid dewatering of a blast hole and provision of blast hole liner 35 into the blast hole with a single pass by the apparatus 10.
  • the apparatus 10 facilitates an improvement upon the existing procedure which is to position one piece of equipment, such as a vehicle comprising a dewatering apparatus adjacent the blast hole following which the dewatering apparatus must be removed to make room for another apparatus to be located adjacent the blast hole for the provision of blast hole liner material into the blast hole or to carry out other procedures such as filling the blast hole with bulk explosive or stemming the blast hole.
  • one piece of equipment such as a vehicle comprising a dewatering apparatus adjacent the blast hole following which the dewatering apparatus must be removed to make room for another apparatus to be located adjacent the blast hole for the provision of blast hole liner material into the blast hole or to carry out other procedures such as filling the blast hole with bulk explosive or stemming the blast hole.
  • dewatering apparatus may be performed.
  • the supply 30 of the blast hole liner 35 includes a spool 32 comprising an elongated rod 33 for supporting a plurality of rolls 36 of the blast hole liner 35. Each roll 36 is separated on the rod 33 by a plate member 31.
  • the rod 33 is pivotally mounted to the frame 12 so that the rod 33 can swing from a first position, such as is illustrated in Figures 1 and 2, to a second position (not shown) in which the plurality of rolls 36 of the blast hole liner 35 can be replaced on the rod 33 before swinging the rod 33 back into the first position ready for use.
  • the blast hole liner 35 is comprised of an elongate length of water impermeable gusseted or lay-flat material formed as a tube.
  • a blast hole liner sealing apparatus 40 is mounted to the frame 12 adjacent to the spool 32.
  • the blast hole liner sealing apparatus 40 includes a guide member 42 that includes a substantially U-shaped opening 43 that is configured to receive the blast hole liner 35 therewithin.
  • a sealing device 45 is positioned adjacent and downstream from the guide member 42 to receive, as illustrated in Figure 4, the blast hole liner 35 as fed from the rolls 36 thereof.
  • the sealing device 45 comprises a ring clip applicating mechanism operable to apply a ring clip, formed out of deformable wire, around the blast hole liner 35 to thereby provide a seal 34 at a location along the length thereof, as illustrated in Figure 6.
  • the seal 34 is formed transversely relative to the longitudinal length of the liner.
  • the sealing device may be hydraulically powered or powered by compressed air or by direct drive electric motors.
  • the sealing device 45 may alternatively include a tie wire machine that automatically ties wire up to three times around the liner 35 and tensions the wire to provide the seal 34.
  • the provision of the seal 34 is water tight and prevents the ingress of water into the internal space within the tubular liner 35.
  • an end of a length of the liner 35 is provided with a first seal 34 and a second seal 34 with a weight 33 provided therebetween.
  • the weight may be provided in the form of a portion of pre- bagged aggregate or rock positioned within the tubular liner 35.
  • the weight 33 facilitates dropping the liner 35 down a blast hole in a manner described in more detail below.
  • the sealing apparatus 40 may comprise a heat sealing device or an adhesive sealing device for forming the transverse seal 34 at a location along the length of the liner 35.
  • the embodiment capable of deploying a ring clip as a seal is preferred as it has been found to be faster than other heat or adhesive sealing techniques and to have other advantages such as a more secure seal 34 and be more readily suited for use in the field where heat sealing and adhesive techniques may be interfered with by dust, gravel, sand or the like.
  • the apparatus 10 preferably includes, and in the embodiment of figures 1 and 2 does include, a supply of stemming material 50 and a means for the delivery of the stemming material 50 into a blast hole.
  • the stemming material 50 may be comprised of aggregate or crushed rock or some other material or substance that is adapted to provide a seal in a blast hole above or below the bulk explosive.
  • the stemming material 50 is contained within a store 52 comprising a hopper 53 and an auger (not shown) or like device adapted for metering a precise amount of the stemming material 50 through an outlet 54 and via a conduit (not shown) into the blast hole.
  • the dewatering apparatus 20 includes a reel 22 and a flexible conduit 24 adapted to be fed from the reel 22 and into the blast hole.
  • the conduit 24 is coupled to a pump assembly 25, which as in the embodiment illustrated in Figures 1 and 2, can be a down-the-hole or submergible pump assembly 26 coupled to the distal end of the conduit 24.
  • the pump assembly may be mounted inboard on the frame 12 of the apparatus 10 such that the distal end of the flexible conduit simply comprises an opening adapted to be submerged below the level of any water located at the bottom of a blast hole.
  • the submergible pump assembly 25, or the inboard pump assembly can be activated by an operator when the distal end of the flexible conduit is below the level of water at the bottom of the blast hole to pump the water therefrom for expulsion above ground or for retention in a storage tank 160 for further use.
  • the apparatus 10 is advantageous in that it provides a single unitary module that may be provided on a single vehicle such as a light truck or on a larger truck including, in combination with other features such as will be described in more detail below, an efficient and convenient means for the preparation of blast holes with respect to dewatering and/or lining operations in conjunction with stemming of the blast hole in a single pass. Furthermore, the operations of dewatering a blast hole, such as with the dewatering apparatus 20, lining the blast hole with blast hole liner 35 including providing any seals 34 along the length of the blast hole liner 35 and preferably also providing any stemming material 50 into the blast hole can be performed by an operator without having to relocate any equipment or any vehicles carrying any equipment thus saving time and man-hours.
  • the method 180 includes an initial step of designing the blasting plan or scheme 182. This initial step is followed by deploying blast hole drills to drill the blast holes 184. The next step is for the drill to be removed and for the apparatus 10, which preferably is mounted on a mobile platform, is to be deployed to the blast hole where an operator determines if the blast hole contains any water. If water is detected in the blast hole then the operator can dewater the blast hole 186 and/or provide a liner 188 into the blast hole. The steps of dewatering 186 and providing a liner 188 may be omitted if the blast hole contains no water.
  • the operator selects the type of bulk explosive to be used 190, by determining the relative quantities of PPAN, fuel oil and emulsion, and charges the blast hole 192 by deploying the bulk explosive.
  • the operator Prior to charging, the operator would provide a primer and detonator into the blast hole. Subsequently, the operator would stem the blast hole 194 from the supply of stemming material 50. Finally, the detonators from a series of the blast holes are tied and fired 196.
  • the step of lining the blast hole 188 may be omitted and explosive such as HANFO is selected 188 and deployed 192 into the blast hole.
  • FIG. 7 to 9 and 11 to 15 there is shown an embodiment of the invention comprising a mobile platform 100, preferably in the form of a truck body mounted on a truck frame 102, for dewatering a blast hole 110 and for delivering a bulk explosive thereto.
  • the platform 100 includes a module in the form of the apparatus 10 described above comprising the dewatering apparatus 20, the supply 30 of the blast hole liner 35 as well as the apparatus for the provision of stemming material 50.
  • the platform 100 also includes a store of bulk explosive material 130.
  • the platform 100 provides an efficient and convenient means for the delivery of bulk explosives such as ANFO and ANFO/emulsion mixtures of varying compositions into the blast hole 110.
  • the platform 100 also provides for and facilitates efficient preparation of the blast hole 110 with respect to dewatering and/or lining operations in conjunction with bulk explosive material handling and delivery and the provision of a metered amount of stemming material 50. All of the aforementioned functions or tasks, or any combination thereof, may advantageously be performed with the mobile platform 100 in a single pass, that is with a single visitation to a blast hole and without requiring the need to conduct multiple visits to the blast hole with multiple platforms and/or pieces of equipment. Accordingly, the platform provides a means for the efficient and labour-saving deployment of bulk explosive material to blast holes that is optimised on an energy partitioning basis rather than one that is dictated by the conditions in blast holes such as the presence of any water.
  • the store 130 of explosive material is comprised of a store of porous prilled ammonium nitrate (PPAN) 135 and a store of fuel oil 136.
  • PPAN porous prilled ammonium nitrate
  • the PPAN 135 and the fuel oil 136 are mixed in a ratio that is controlled by a mixing and delivery device 138 on-board the platform 100 to form the explosive material.
  • the mobile platform 100 also includes a store of emulsion 132 which can be used as the explosive material or may be mixed with the PPAN 135 and/or fuel oil 136 in appropriate ratios and relative quantities.
  • the explosive material is fed via the mixing and delivery device 138 to a flexible conduit 139 which, as illustrated in Figure 13, operates as a depositing means adapted for depositing a quantity of the explosive material into the blast hole 110.
  • the open end of the liner 35 is coupled directly to an outlet of the mixing and delivery device 138.
  • the mixing and delivery device 138 also preferably includes an auger to mechanically deliver the explosive material comprised of the PPAN/fuel oil or emulsion mixture.
  • the open end of the liner 35 is preferably clamped or coupled by a pneumatic or hydraulic clamp 137 to the outlet of the mixing and delivery device 138.
  • the processing device may be programmed with the dimensions of the blast hole such as the diameter and depth and also with information in relation to the blast hole conditions such as any moisture content or whether a blast hole liner will be used as well as other parameters such as the overall blasting scheme or plan.
  • the processor may then determine the ratio of PPAN 135 to fuel oil 136 and emulsion 132, if any, required for the individual blast hole 110 as well as the quantity of blasting material required to be fed into each blast hole and control the mixing and delivery device 138 to mix and deliver the constituents in the correct ratio.
  • the platform 100 can thereby efficiently and with minimal wastage provide accurate deployment of explosive material into a blast hole after any dewatering or blast hole lining operation is carried out by the operator in a single pass using the apparatus 10 described above comprising the dewatering apparatus 20 and the supply 30 of the blast hole liner 35.
  • the operation of the mobile platform 100 will be described with reference to the sequence of steps illustrated in Figures 1 1 to 15.
  • the platform 100 is manoeuvred to a position adjacent the blast hole 110 and the operator may conduct a dipping measurement to determine the depth of water in the blast hole. If there is water in the blast hole 110 then as shown in Figure 1 1 the dewatering apparatus 20 is deployed by the operator to pump any water 11 1 out of the bottom of the blast hole 1 10.
  • the next step might be, as illustrated in Figure 12, to insert a blast hole liner 35 into the blast hole 1 10.
  • An open end of the liner is connected to the outlet of the mixing and delivery device 138 by clamps, such as pneumatic clamps, or some other suitable means.
  • a flexible conduit 139 may be coupled to the mixing and delivery device 138 and inserted into the open end of the liner 35 at ground level, or otherwise simply into the open end of the blast hole 110 without any liner 35.
  • the explosive material comprised of some mixture of PPAN and fuel oil and/or emulsion is fed via the auger component of the device 138 directly into the liner 35 or via the flexible conduit 139 into the open end of the liner 35 or otherwise directly into the blast hole without any liner.
  • the amount of explosive material that is fed is metered according to control exercised by the processor until the requisite quantity of the blasting material has been provided into the blast hole 110.
  • the open end of the liner 35 is disconnected from the device 138 or the flexible conduit 139 is withdrawn from the blast hole 110.
  • the open end of the liner 35 may be connected to the outlet 54 of the store 52 of the stemming material 50.
  • another flexible conduit 150 extending from the outlet 54 of the store 52 of the stemming material 50 is inserted into the open end of the liner 35 or into the blast hole 110.
  • the store 52 of the stemming material includes a means, such as an auger, for delivering the stemming material 50 to the outlet 54 and into the liner 35 or into the blast hole 110.
  • the appropriate quantity of the stemming material 50 delivered into the open end of the liner 35 or into the blast hole 110 can be determined automatically or manually and should be an amount sufficient to cover the bulk explosive material.
  • the blast hole 1 0 may then be prepared for detonation such as by tying detonators in sequence that have been inserted into the blast hole at the appropriate stage in the process, such as before to the delivery of bulk explosive material into the blast hole 1 10.
  • a portion of the stemming material 50 may be deployed into the blast hole 1 10 for the purpose of separating portions of explosive in a process referred to as "decking".
  • the explosive material is provided in the blast hole 110 in a number of layers or “decks” of explosive material.
  • the mobile platform 100 is advantageous as it facilitates the "decking" of explosive in a blast hole 110 in a single pass and without the need to revisit the blast hole 110 on multiple occasions with multiple pieces of equipment.
  • the platform 100 also includes a water store 160 for retaining water pumped out of the blast hole via the flexible conduit 24 of the dewatering apparatus 20.
  • the store of water 160 may be used for any suitable means such as with a stemming composition that is reactive to the addition of water to provide a suitable stem or cap at the top of the blast hole 110 or for use as a means for separating explosives into decks in a blast hole.
  • the water contained in the water store 160 can be pumped through a rear spray bar (not shown) to provide a dust suppression option for roads on and around the blasting site.
  • FIG. 15 there is illustrated another step in embodiments of the method or an alternative method in which the flexible conduit 150 extending from the outlet 54 of the store 52 of the stemming material 50, mounted to the apparatus 10, is inserted into the blast hole 110 prior to any dewatering or to obviate the need for any dewatering by way of pumping.
  • the stemming material 50 is reactive to water the stemming material 50 may be provided into the blast hole 1 10 instead of dewatering by a pumping operation.
  • the mobile platform 100 is configured to operate autonomously or semi-autonomously.
  • the platform 100 may comprise a control module that includes a GPS location device and is adapted for controlling a drive means and steering means of the platform 100.
  • the control module is adapted to receive or be programmed with the coordinates of the location of one or more of a plurality of blast holes and to autonomously manoeuvre the mobile platform 100 to a location adjacent a first one of the blast holes.
  • control module may autonomously deploy the flexible conduit 24 of the dewatering apparatus 20 into the blast hole and then activate the pump assembly 25 to thereby pump water out of the blast hole.
  • the control module may cause the dewatering apparatus 20 to retract the flexible conduit 24 and then autonomously, or with the assistance of an operator manually deploy the liner into the blast hole, if necessary.
  • the control module may cause the platform 100 to autonomously or with the assistance of an operator connect the end of the liner to the outlet of the mixing and delivery device 138 such as by way of the pneumatic or hydraulic clamp 137. If a liner is not used, then the control module may cause the outlet of the delivery device 138 to locate over the blast hole using the coordinates of the blast hole or using imagery from a camera mounted to the platform 100 or a combination of both.
  • the control module may autonomously or semi-autonomously operate the delivery device 138 to cause the delivery of bulk explosives such as ANFO and ANFO/emulsion mixtures of varying compositions into the blast hole 110.
  • the control module may autonomously cause the flexible conduit 150 to extend from the outlet 54 of the store 52 of the stemming material 50 and into the blast hole 110 to autonomously deliver stemming material into the blast hole.
  • the control module may cause the autonomous delivery of stemming prior to any dewatering by way of pumping or after completing the step of delivering bulk explosives into the blast hole or in intervening steps in a method of decking the explosive column.
  • the control module may operate to autonomously deploy the flexible conduit 24 of the dewatering apparatus 20 to dewater another blast hole while other operations are being carried out on the first blast hole such as liner deployment, bulk explosive deployment and stemming.
  • control module may cause the platform 100 to autonomously manoeuvre to a location adjacent the next blast hole for subsequent autonomous or semi-autonomous liner deployment, bulk explosive deployment and stemming to be completed.
  • the control module may cause the platform to autonomously or semi-autonomously carry out dewatering, liner deployment, bulk explosive deployment and stemming across an array of blast holes.
  • the overall process of blast planning and execution involves an initial step of designing the blast plan or scheme 202.
  • This initial step is followed by deploying blast hole drills to drill the blast holes 204, which can consist of 00 holes or more.
  • the next step is for the drill to be removed and for the mobile platform 100 in accordance with embodiments of the present invention to be deployed to the blast hole where an operator measures the depth of any water in the blast hole 206 and to then subsequently carry out an embodiment of the method described herein, such as to dewater and/or provide a liner 208, prime 210 and charging with the deployment of explosive 212 into the blast hole.
  • the blast hole is stemmed 214.
  • the aforementioned steps of dewatering 206, charging 212 with the deployment of explosive, in relation to a single blast hole, can be achieved by embodiments of the invention in a single pass with a single deployment unit consisting of the mobile platform 100.
  • the blast hole is primed with a primer and detonator 210.
  • the detonators from the series of blast holes are tied and fired 216.
  • an embodiment of the method includes the dewatering and/or lining step 208 and the charging step 212 only. Other embodiments may include the dewatering and/or lining step 208 and the charging step 212 in conjunction with any one or more of the other steps illustrated in Figure 16 and described above.
  • a further embodiment of the method 200 of Figure 16 comprising some further steps that may be carried out in addition to the steps described above in relation to Figure 16.
  • the data obtained during the measuring step 206 namely measuring the depth of the blast hole and determining if water is present and if so the depth of the water in the blast hole, is recorded 207 and captured by a hand-held device such as a tablet device for processing to determine an appropriate solution for the blast hole.
  • the solution could include whether the blast hole should be dewatered and/or lined and the nature of the bulk explosive to be used such as the relative quantities of PPAN, fuel oil and emulsion or the total quantity of bulk explosive to be used.
  • the solution is stored by the processing device which can then serve to control or provide instructions to an operator controlling the platform 100 in any one or more of the dewatering, lining and explosive deployment processes and/or whether any decking of explosive is to be employed or whether any dewatering using a stemming agent is to be carried out.
  • the ground may be marked 209 near the blast hole with the relevant information such as whether the hole requires dewatering and by what means.
  • the platform 100 may be equipped with GPS to enable the processor to determine which blast hole the platform 100 is adjacent to and to display to the operator to appropriate solution to that blast hole.
  • Figure 18 illustrates a method 300 for carrying out a blasting operation in accordance with an embodiment.
  • the method 300 includes designing a blasting operation 302, drilling blast holes 304 and then with the use of the apparatus 10 or the mobile platform 100 described above, the method 300 includes dewatering, lining, charging and stemming 306 each blast hole in a single pass. Finally, the blast holes are tied and fired 308.
  • Figure 19 illustrates a side view of an embodiment of the mobile platform 400 for dewatering a blast hole and for delivering a bulk explosive thereto.
  • the mobile platform 400 of Figure 19 differs from the mobile platform 100 of Figures 7 to 9 and 11 to 15 in that the dewatering apparatus 20 is configured so that the flexible conduit 24 is fed from the reel 22 forward of the cab of the mobile platform 400, such as a truck.
  • the mobile platform 400 of Figure 19 is the same as the mobile platform 100 of Figures 7 to 9 and 11 to 15.
  • the mobile platform 400 further includes a boom that is adapted to support the flexible conduit 24 over the top and forward of the cab of the truck.
  • An operator can draw the flexible conduit 24 therefrom for insertion into a blast hole located forward of the mobile platform 400 or this can be carried out autonomously.
  • the submergible pump assembly 25, or the inboard pump assembly (not shown), can be activated by the operator or carried out by the platform autonomously when the distal end of the flexible conduit is below the level of water at the bottom of the blast hole to pump the water therefrom for expulsion above ground or for retention in the storage tank 160 for further use.
  • a length of the blast hole liner 35 may be drawn from the supply 30 thereof for insertion into another blast hole to the side of the mobile platform 400 in the manner described above.
  • the delivery device 138 can be operated to deploy explosive either into the liner 35 or directly into the blast hole 110 located to the side of the mobile platform 400 in the manner described above.
  • mobile platform 400 may deploy the stemming material 50 into the open end of the liner 35 or into the blast hole 110.
  • the mobile platform 400 of Figure 19 allows for dewatering of a blast hole forward of the mobile platform 400 while simultaneously lining another blast hole and/or filling another blast hole with explosive and/or the stemming material.
  • embodiments of the methods 100, 200, 300 illustrated in Figures 10, 16, 17 and 18 are advantageous in that they may provide an efficient and convenient method for the delivery of bulk explosives such as ANFO and ANFO/emulsion mixtures of varying compositions into blast holes.
  • Embodiments of the method may also be advantageous by enabling the efficient preparation of blast holes with respect to dewatering and/or lining operations in conjunction with bulk explosive material handling and delivery.
  • Embodiments of the methods can facilitate the deployment of bulk explosive material to blast holes that is optimised on an energy partitioning basis rather than one that is dictated by the conditions in blast holes such as the presence of any water.
  • the methods, and the apparatus disclosed herein can enable the operator of a mine or excavation site to conduct blasting operations using the most appropriate explosive material with the most appropriate energy profile for the blasting scheme or plan as opposed to being forced to adopt a bulk explosive material that is dictated by the presence of moisture or water in the blast hole. Furthermore, embodiments of the method and apparatus may fulfil the aforementioned tasks in a single pass of a single mobile platform 100, 400, such as a vehicle or truck, that is more efficient than previous solutions requiring multiple passes of multiple pieces of equipment and associated vehicles.
  • the present methods and apparatus provide a single pass mobile platform 100, 400 that will enable the operator to convert a wet blast hole to a dry blast hole condition, or an effectively dry blast hole condition, in turn allowing access to the full explosives range and select the appropriate explosives for the geology and then place stemming in the hole to cap the explosives.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une plate-forme mobile et un procédé de déshydratation d'un trou de mine et de distribution d'un explosif en vrac dans celui-ci en un seul passage. La plate-forme comprend un appareil de déshydratation pour retirer l'eau d'un trou de mine et un magasin de matériau explosif en vrac pour une distribution dans le trou de mine. Dans des modes de réalisation, la plate-forme mobile et le procédé comprennent l'alimentation d'un revêtement flexible, tubulaire et imperméable à l'eau du trou de mine adapté pour une longueur du revêtement à tirer de celui-ci, et de préférence également un matériau de bourrage et un dispositif pour déposer le matériau de bourrage dans le trou de mine.
PCT/AU2018/050559 2017-06-06 2018-06-05 Procédé et appareil de déshydratation, de revêtement et de dépôt d'explosif en vrac dans un trou de mine en un seul passage WO2018223184A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2017902159 2017-06-06
AU2017902159A AU2017902159A0 (en) 2017-06-06 A method and apparatus for dewatering, lining and depositing bulk explosive into a blast hole in a single pass

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WO2018223184A1 true WO2018223184A1 (fr) 2018-12-13

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Cited By (4)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111425133A (zh) * 2020-03-30 2020-07-17 中国一冶集团有限公司 降水井施工装置及其施工方法
AU2021106656B4 (en) * 2021-08-23 2023-02-02 Matt Hangan Pty Ltd Dispenser for blast hole liner
WO2023173168A1 (fr) * 2022-03-15 2023-09-21 Aquirian Technology Pty Ltd Procédé et appareil de mise en place d'un revêtement pour explosifs dans un trou de mine
US11839782B2 (en) 2018-12-19 2023-12-12 Scania Cv Ab Safety method and control device for an emergency vehicle

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AU2012247011B2 (en) * 2005-09-19 2015-08-06 Hanwha Corporation Mobile platform for the delivery of bulk explosive
AU2015252125B2 (en) * 2005-09-19 2016-10-27 Hanwha Corporation Mobile platform for the delivery of bulk explosive
AU2016253702A1 (en) * 2009-06-25 2016-11-24 Wheeler, Andrew John MR A vehicle

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US3303738A (en) * 1963-10-14 1967-02-14 Intermountain Res And Engineer Method for mixing and pumping of slurry explosive
US4743175A (en) * 1984-03-15 1988-05-10 Legra Engineering Pty. Ltd. Reel assembly for dewatering apparatus
AU2012247011B2 (en) * 2005-09-19 2015-08-06 Hanwha Corporation Mobile platform for the delivery of bulk explosive
AU2015252125B2 (en) * 2005-09-19 2016-10-27 Hanwha Corporation Mobile platform for the delivery of bulk explosive
AU2016253702A1 (en) * 2009-06-25 2016-11-24 Wheeler, Andrew John MR A vehicle
US20150003186A1 (en) * 2012-01-05 2015-01-01 Qingdao Target Mining Services Co., Ltd. Site vehicle for mixing and loading multiple kinds of explosives with different detonation velocities
WO2014201524A1 (fr) * 2013-06-20 2014-12-24 Orica International Pte Ltd Plateforme de fabrication et de distribution de composition explosive, et procédé de dynamitage

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11839782B2 (en) 2018-12-19 2023-12-12 Scania Cv Ab Safety method and control device for an emergency vehicle
CN111425133A (zh) * 2020-03-30 2020-07-17 中国一冶集团有限公司 降水井施工装置及其施工方法
AU2021106656B4 (en) * 2021-08-23 2023-02-02 Matt Hangan Pty Ltd Dispenser for blast hole liner
WO2023173168A1 (fr) * 2022-03-15 2023-09-21 Aquirian Technology Pty Ltd Procédé et appareil de mise en place d'un revêtement pour explosifs dans un trou de mine

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