WO2018218756A1 - 一种船舶下水方法 - Google Patents

一种船舶下水方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018218756A1
WO2018218756A1 PCT/CN2017/093664 CN2017093664W WO2018218756A1 WO 2018218756 A1 WO2018218756 A1 WO 2018218756A1 CN 2017093664 W CN2017093664 W CN 2017093664W WO 2018218756 A1 WO2018218756 A1 WO 2018218756A1
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Prior art keywords
sliding plate
slide
ship
limiting
launching method
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PCT/CN2017/093664
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张龙
韦青嵩
张少兴
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广船国际有限公司
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Application filed by 广船国际有限公司 filed Critical 广船国际有限公司
Publication of WO2018218756A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018218756A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63C—LAUNCHING, HAULING-OUT, OR DRY-DOCKING OF VESSELS; LIFE-SAVING IN WATER; EQUIPMENT FOR DWELLING OR WORKING UNDER WATER; MEANS FOR SALVAGING OR SEARCHING FOR UNDERWATER OBJECTS
    • B63C3/00—Launching or hauling-out by landborne slipways; Slipways

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of ship manufacturing, and in particular to a ship launching method.
  • the method of entering the skateboard is as follows: firstly, the skateboard is hoisted and laid on the grease-drained slideway, and then pushed by human power from a high to a low position to a predetermined position or pulled from a low to a high position by a winch to a predetermined position.
  • the raft has a large open space, which takes up a large assembly site, and the total time of entering the skateboard is nearly double that of the manual pushing time. Therefore, the method saves manpower but takes more time. long.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a method for entering a sliding plate, which aims to solve the problems of ensuring the amount of grease retained in the lubricating layer of the slideway after the sliding plate, reducing the amount of grease used in the lubricating layer, and the personnel entering the skateboard, and shortening the time for entering the sliding plate.
  • a ship launching method comprising: applying lubricating grease and arranging a sliding plate, wherein the sliding plate is padded by a supporting device at a front end of the sliding direction of the sliding plate during the step of arranging the sliding plate, so that the front end of the sliding plate is formed to be suspended In the state, the contact area between the slider and the slide is reduced.
  • the width of the supporting device is smaller than the width of the sliding plate.
  • the supporting device has a limiting step, the limiting step includes a first limiting surface contacting the bottom of the sliding plate and contacting the front end of the sliding plate The second limit surface.
  • the supporting device has a bottom surface in contact with the slide rail, and the bottom surface is provided with a circular chamfer at a front end of the moving direction.
  • a speed limiting device is further provided, and the speed limiting device is disposed at an end of the sliding direction of the sliding plate.
  • the speed limiting device includes a speed limiting pulley and a driving device for driving the speed limiting pulley, and the speed limiting pulley is fixed on the ship platform, and the winding device is arranged thereon There is a rope, one end of which is connected to the slide and the other end is connected to the drive.
  • the arranging the slide plate further comprises: taking out the support device after the slide plate is moved into position, the taking out the support device comprises lifting the slide plate, and removing the support device .
  • the method further includes limiting a position of the sliding plate after the sliding plate arrangement is completed, and limiting a position between the sliding plate and the sliding path by a limiting operation.
  • the skateboard has a width greater than The skirt of the width of the slide, the limiting operation is to provide a limiting block between the skirt and the slide.
  • the lubricating rail operation of the sliding track is further included.
  • the utility model has the beneficial effects that the ship launching method according to the embodiment of the invention greatly retains the retention amount of lubricating grease when entering the sliding plate, reduces the amount of lubricating grease used, increases the sliding force of the sliding plate, and greatly reduces the number of working personnel. And its workload, effectively shortening the time to skateboarding.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a state of a state in which a supporting device and a slide plate are combined according to an embodiment of the present invention (a slide is not shown).
  • FIG. 2 is a top plan view showing a state in which a supporting device and a slide rail are combined according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which a slide rail and a slide plate are combined according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • connection should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. It can be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction of two elements.
  • connection should be understood in a specific case by those skilled in the art.
  • the first feature "on” or “under” the second feature may include direct contact of the first and second features, and may also include first and second features, unless otherwise specifically defined and defined. It is not in direct contact but through additional features between them.
  • the first feature "above”, “above” and “above” the second feature includes the first feature directly above and above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature level is higher than the second feature.
  • the first feature “below”, “below” and “below” the second feature includes the first feature directly below and below the second feature, or merely the first feature level being less than the second feature.
  • a ship launching method includes: applying lubricating grease and arranging a sliding plate 2, and supporting the front end of the sliding plate 2 in the forward direction of the sliding plate 2
  • the device 3 pads the slide plate 2 such that the front end of the slide plate 2 is in a suspended state, and the contact area between the slide plate 2 and the slide plate 1 is reduced.
  • the support device 3 is designed.
  • the size of the support device 3 is set according to the size of the slideway 1.
  • the support device 3 is padded at the end of the slide plate 2, and the slide plate 2 is separated from the slideway 1 to prevent the slide plate 2 from sliding down. Push out a lot of grease.
  • the ship launching method according to the embodiment of the present invention greatly retains the retention amount of the lubricating grease when entering the sliding plate 2, reduces the amount of lubricating grease used, and increases the sliding force of the sliding plate 2, thereby greatly reducing the number of workers and the workload thereof. Effectively shortens the time to enter the skateboard 2 times.
  • skateboard 2 sliding process will not shovel lubrication Layer grease.
  • the contact surface of the sliding plate 2 and the slide 1 is minimized, the frictional resistance is greatly reduced, and the sliding plate 2 can be quickly and naturally slid after overcoming the initial static frictional resistance, thereby eliminating the need for manual pushing, and the work efficiency is high and the working time is short. .
  • the supporting device 3 is formed by wood, and the width of the supporting device 3 is smaller than the width of the sliding plate 2.
  • the supporting device 3 has a limiting step, the limiting step includes a first limiting surface in contact with the bottom of the sliding plate 2 and a second limiting surface in contact with the front end of the sliding plate 2.
  • the sliding plate 2 can be effectively supported while preventing the sliding speed of the sliding plate 2 to exceed the sliding speed of the supporting device 3, thereby causing unevenness of the sliding plate 2 and avoiding difficulty of the supporting device 3. The removal took place.
  • the support device 3 has a bottom surface that is in contact with the slide rail 1, and the bottom surface is provided with a circular chamfer at a front end in the moving direction.
  • the contact angle between the support device 3 and the slide 1 is arcuate to reduce the damage of the pressure-resistant layer of the support device 3.
  • a speed limiting device is also included, the speed limiting device being disposed at an end of the sliding direction of the slider 2.
  • the speed limiting device includes a speed limiting pulley and a driving device for driving the speed limiting pulley, the speed limiting pulley is fixed on the ship platform, and a rope is wound thereon, and one end of the rope is connected to the sliding plate 2, and the other One end is connected to the drive unit.
  • the sliding plate 2 is inserted from the head of the ship to the tail of the ship, and a set of movable pulleys are arranged at the head of the ship.
  • the cable is connected to the movable pulley at the port 2 of the sliding plate in the direction of the ship head, and the driving device is responsible for dragging the sliding plate 2 to prevent Skateboard 2 naturally slipped faster and went off.
  • the arrangement of the slide 2 further comprises taking the support device 3 after the slide 2 has been moved into position, said taking out the support 3 comprises lifting the slide 2 and removing the support 3 .
  • the method further includes performing a limit operation on the sliding plate 2 after the arrangement of the sliding plate 2 is completed, by limiting operation The position between the slide plate 2 and the slide 1 is restricted.
  • the slide plate 2 has a skirt 21 having a width greater than the width of the slide 1, and the limit operation is to provide a stop block 4 between the skirt 21 and the slide 1.
  • the sliding plate 2 is jacked up by using a jack.
  • the jack is used to lift the sliding plate 2 to take out the supporting device 3, and at the same time, the limiting wooden block with a thickness of about 30 mm is stuck on the control sliding plate 2.
  • the skirt 21 and the inner side of the slideway 1 to prevent the skirt 21 of the skateboard 2 from being scratched by the slideway 1 when the ship is launched, the ship naturally slides down.
  • the lubricating rail operation of the slide 1 is further included. After the grease is replenished, the lubricant can be applied sufficiently to ensure the lubrication effect.
  • the original skateboard requires 16 operators. After using the skateboard operation mode, only about 8 operators are needed.
  • the labor cost of a slinger entering the skateboard for half a day is calculated at 150 yuan.
  • the labor cost saved by one boat is 1,200 yuan, one year. 10 ships in the water calculation, saving labor costs about 12,000 yuan
  • the adoption of the skateboarding method can save the company about 112,000 yuan in the whole year.
  • the method of sliding into the shipboard has greatly preserved the lubricating layer grease, greatly improved the safety of the ship's smooth launching, reduced the risk of water failure, responded to the slogan of the company's reform and innovation, and also inspired a group of on-site construction personnel. And the innovative thinking of the craftsman.
  • an embodiment means that a specific feature, structure, material or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. in.
  • the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily mean the same embodiment or example.
  • the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be in any One or more embodiments or examples are combined in a suitable manner.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)

Abstract

一种船舶下水方法，包括：涂抹润滑油脂和布置滑板（2），在布置滑板（2）的过程中，在所述滑板（2）前进方向的前端采用支撑装置（3）将所述滑板（2）垫起，使得所述滑板（2）的前端形成悬空状态，所述滑板（2）与滑道（1）之间的接触面积减小。该船舶下水方法极大地保留了布置滑板（2）时润滑油脂的保留量，减少了润滑油脂使用量，且由于滑板（2）下滑力增加，从而大大减少了作业人员数量和其工作量，有效的缩短了布置滑板时间。

Description

一种船舶下水方法 技术领域
本发明涉及船舶制造技术领域，尤其涉及一种船舶下水方法。
背景技术
绝大多数纵向倾斜船台建造的船舶下水时，均需涂抹润滑油脂和布置滑板，而进滑板作业必然在滑道淋油并涂抹润滑油脂之后进行。目前进滑板的方法为：先将滑板吊装平铺在淋完油脂的滑道上再依靠人力从高向低推送至规定的位置或通过卷扬机从低向高拖拉至规定位置。
首先，不论人力推送还是使用卷扬机拖拉形式进滑板，滑板均以平铺的形式在涂抹了润滑油的滑道上滑移，滑移过程中将造成大量润滑油脂被铲掉，保留的润滑层油脂较少，不利船舶下滑。
其次，人力每推送一块滑板大概需要8个人，全船布置滑板较多时，进滑板工作量大，作业人员需求数较大。
此外，若采用卷扬机拖拉则要求船台艉部有较大空旷场地，占用了大片组装场地，且进滑板的总时间比人力推送时间多近1倍，因此该方法虽节省了人力但花费的时间更长。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种进滑板的方法，旨在解决保证进滑板后滑道润滑层油脂保留量、减少润滑层油脂使用量及进滑板作业人员，缩短进滑板的时间等问题。
为达此目的，本发明采用以下技术方案：
提供一种船舶下水方法，包括：涂抹润滑油脂和布置滑板，在所述布置滑板过程中，在所述滑板前进方向的前端采用支撑装置将所述滑板垫起，使得所述滑板的前端形成悬空状态，所述滑板与滑道之间的接触面积减小。
作为所述的船舶下水方法的一种优选技术方案，所述支撑装置的宽度小于所述滑板的宽度。
作为所述的船舶下水方法的一种优选技术方案，所述支撑装置具有限位台阶，所述限位台阶包括与所述滑板底部接触的第一限位面以及与所述滑板的前端接触的第二限位面。
作为所述的船舶下水方法的一种优选技术方案，所述支撑装置具有与所述滑道接触的底面，所述底面沿运动方向的前端设置有圆弧倒角。
作为所述的船舶下水方法的一种优选技术方案，还包括限速装置，所述限速装置设置在所述滑板运动方向的末端。
作为所述的船舶下水方法的一种优选技术方案，所述限速装置包括限速滑轮以及用于驱动所述限速滑轮的驱动装置，所述限速滑轮固定在船台上，其上绕设有绳索，所述绳索一端连接所述滑板，另一端连接所述驱动装置。
作为所述的船舶下水方法的一种优选技术方案，所述布置滑板还包括当滑板移动到位后将所述支撑装置取出，所述将支撑装置取出包括将所述滑板顶起，以及去除支撑装置。
作为所述的船舶下水方法的一种优选技术方案，还包括在所述滑板布置完成后对所述滑板进行限位操作，通过限位操作限制所述滑板与所述滑道之间的位置。
作为所述的船舶下水方法的一种优选技术方案，所述滑板具有宽度大于所 述滑道的宽度的裙边，所述限位操作为在所述裙边和所述滑道之间设置限位块。
作为所述的船舶下水方法的一种优选技术方案，于所述滑板布置完成后还包括对所述滑道进行补充润滑油脂操作。
本发明的有益效果为：采用本发明实施例所述的船舶下水方法极大的保留了进滑板时润滑油脂的保留量，减少了润滑油脂使用量，滑板下滑力增加，大大减少了作业人员数量和其工作量，有效的缩短了进滑板时间。
附图说明
下面根据附图和实施例对本发明作进一步详细说明。
图1为本发明实施例所述支撑装置与滑板组合状态状态示意图(图中未示出滑道)。
图2为本发明实施例所述支撑装置与滑板滑轨组合状态俯视图。
图3为本发明实施例所述滑道与滑板组合状态截面图。
图中：
1、滑道；2、滑板；21、裙边；3、支撑装置；4、限位块。
具体实施方式
为使本发明解决的技术问题、采用的技术方案和达到的技术效果更加清楚，下面将结合附图对本发明实施例的技术方案作进一步的详细描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
在本发明的描述中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“相连”、“连接”、 “固定”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或成一体；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
在本发明中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，第一特征在第二特征之“上”或之“下”可以包括第一和第二特征直接接触，也可以包括第一和第二特征不是直接接触而是通过它们之间的另外的特征接触。而且，第一特征在第二特征“之上”、“上方”和“上面”包括第一特征在第二特征正上方和斜上方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度高于第二特征。第一特征在第二特征“之下”、“下方”和“下面”包括第一特征在第二特征正下方和斜下方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度小于第二特征。
如图1至3所示，本发明实施例提供的一种船舶下水方法，包括：涂抹润滑油脂和布置滑板2，在所述布置滑板2过程中，在所述滑板2前进方向的前端采用支撑装置3将所述滑板2垫起，使得所述滑板2的前端形成悬空状态，所述滑板2与滑道1之间的接触面积减小。
设计支撑装置3，支撑装置3的尺寸根据滑道1尺寸进行设置，将支撑装置3衬垫在滑板2下滑的端头，将滑板2与滑道1隔空成，从而避免滑板2平铺下滑时推挤掉大量润滑油脂。
采用本发明实施例所述的船舶下水方法极大的保留了进滑板2时润滑油脂的保留量，减少了润滑油脂使用量，滑板2下滑力增加，大大减少了作业人员数量和其工作量，有效的缩短了进滑板2时间。
产生诸优点的原因可总结为：木船垫空滑板2，滑板2下滑过程不会铲润滑 层油脂。同时，滑板2与滑道1接触面最小化，大大减小摩擦阻力，克服初始静摩擦阻力后滑板2能够快速自然下滑，从而不需要人力推送，工作量减少的情况下作业效率高，作业时间短。
本实施例中所述支撑装置3采用木材制作形成，所述支撑装置3的宽度小于所述滑板2的宽度。
所述支撑装置3具有限位台阶，所述限位台阶包括与所述滑板2底部接触的第一限位面以及与所述滑板2的前端接触的第二限位面。
通过设置第一限位面以及第二限位面，能够对所述滑板2进行有效支撑的同时防止滑板2下滑速度超过支撑装置3下滑的速度，造成滑板2受理不均，避免支撑装置3难以取出的情况发生。
所述支撑装置3具有与所述滑道1接触的底面，所述底面沿运动方向的前端设置有圆弧倒角。支撑装置3与滑道1接触位置导角成圆弧状，以减少支撑装置3损坏耐压层油脂。
还包括限速装置，所述限速装置设置在所述滑板2运动方向的末端。所述限速装置包括限速滑轮以及用于驱动所述限速滑轮的驱动装置，所述限速滑轮固定在船台上，其上绕设有绳索，所述绳索一端连接所述滑板2，另一端连接所述驱动装置。
本实施例中从船台头向船台尾方向进滑板2，同时在船台头设置一组动滑轮，在靠船台头方向的滑板2端口栓上缆绳与动滑轮连接，驱动装置负责拖拽住滑板2，防止滑板2自然下滑时速度过快而跑偏。
所述布置滑板2还包括当滑板2移动到位后将所述支撑装置3取出，所述将支撑装置3取出包括将所述滑板2顶起，以及去除支撑装置3。
还包括在所述滑板2布置完成后对所述滑板2进行限位操作，通过限位操 作限制所述滑板2与所述滑道1之间的位置。所述滑板2具有宽度大于所述滑道1的宽度的裙边21，所述限位操作为在所述裙边21和所述滑道1之间设置限位块4。
本实施例中采用千斤顶将所述滑板2顶起，当滑板2进到端头时，使用千斤顶撑起滑板2取出支撑装置3，同时装订约30mm厚的限位木块卡在控制滑板2的裙边21与滑道1内侧面木之间，以防止船舶下水时滑板2的裙边21与滑道1刮擦影响船舶自然下滑。
于所述滑板2布置完成后还包括对所述滑道1进行补充润滑油脂操作。补充润滑油脂后可以保证润滑油涂抹充分，保证润滑效果。
原进滑板需要16名作业人员，采用该进滑板作业方式后仅需要约8名作业人员，一名起重工进滑板半天的人工费按150元计算，一条船节省的人工费1200元，一年下水10条船计算，节省人工费约12000元
采用该进滑板方法，能够节省约1/4的润滑油脂，一条船润滑油脂施工费用约4万，一条船节省约1万元的油脂费用，一年下水10条船计算，节省润滑层油脂费约10万元。
因此采用该进滑板方式全年可为公司节省约11.2万元。
本船台进滑板方法，由于极大的保留了润滑层油脂，大大提高船舶顺利下水的安全性，降低了出现下水故障的风险，响应了公司改革创新的口号，同时也激发了一批现场施工人员和工艺人员创新的思维。
在本说明书的描述中，参考术语“一实施例”、“示例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本发明的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中，对上述术语的示意性表述不一定指的是相同的实施例或示例。而且，描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任何 的一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。
以上结合具体实施例描述了本发明的技术原理。这些描述只是为了解释本发明的原理，而不能以任何方式解释为对本发明保护范围的限制。基于此处的解释，本领域的技术人员不需要付出创造性的劳动即可联想到本发明的其它具体实施方式，这些方式都将落入本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种船舶下水方法，其特征在于，包括：涂抹润滑油脂和布置滑板，在所述布置滑板过程中，在所述滑板前进方向的前端采用支撑装置将所述滑板垫起，使得所述滑板的前端形成悬空状态，所述滑板与滑道之间的接触面积减小。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的船舶下水方法，其特征在于，所述支撑装置的宽度小于所述滑板的宽度。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的船舶下水方法，其特征在于，所述支撑装置具有限位台阶，所述限位台阶包括与所述滑板底部接触的第一限位面以及与所述滑板的前端接触的第二限位面。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的船舶下水方法，其特征在于，所述支撑装置具有与所述滑道接触的底面，所述底面沿运动方向的前端设置有圆弧倒角。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的船舶下水方法，其特征在于，还包括限速装置，所述限速装置设置在所述滑板运动方向的末端。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的船舶下水方法，其特征在于，所述限速装置包括限速滑轮以及用于驱动所述限速滑轮的驱动装置，所述限速滑轮固定在船台上，其上绕设有绳索，所述绳索一端连接所述滑板，另一端连接所述驱动装置。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的船舶下水方法，其特征在于，所述布置滑板还包括当滑板移动到位后将所述支撑装置取出，所述将支撑装置取出包括将所述滑板顶起，以及去除支撑装置。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的船舶下水方法，其特征在于，还包括在所述滑板布置完成后对所述滑板进行限位操作，通过限位操作限制所述滑板与所述滑道之间的位置。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的船舶下水方法，其特征在于，所述滑板具有宽度大于所述滑道的宽度的裙边，所述限位操作为在所述裙边和所述滑道之间设置 限位块。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的船舶下水方法，其特征在于，于所述滑板布置完成后还包括对所述滑道进行补充润滑油脂操作。
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