WO2018212404A1 - 하이브리드 에너지 저장 시스템 - Google Patents
하이브리드 에너지 저장 시스템 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2018212404A1 WO2018212404A1 PCT/KR2017/008589 KR2017008589W WO2018212404A1 WO 2018212404 A1 WO2018212404 A1 WO 2018212404A1 KR 2017008589 W KR2017008589 W KR 2017008589W WO 2018212404 A1 WO2018212404 A1 WO 2018212404A1
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- voltage
- converter
- distribution network
- energy storage
- power
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J1/00—Circuit arrangements for dc mains or dc distribution networks
- H02J1/14—Balancing the load in a network
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/382—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/06—Lead-acid accumulators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J1/00—Circuit arrangements for dc mains or dc distribution networks
- H02J1/10—Parallel operation of dc sources
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J1/00—Circuit arrangements for dc mains or dc distribution networks
- H02J1/10—Parallel operation of dc sources
- H02J1/12—Parallel operation of dc generators with converters, e.g. with mercury-arc rectifier
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
- H02J7/345—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering using capacitors as storage or buffering devices
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
- Y02B70/30—Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for improving the carbon footprint of the management of residential or tertiary loads, i.e. smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the buildings sector, including also the last stages of power distribution and the control, monitoring or operating management systems at local level
- Y02B70/3225—Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S20/00—Management or operation of end-user stationary applications or the last stages of power distribution; Controlling, monitoring or operating thereof
- Y04S20/20—End-user application control systems
- Y04S20/222—Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a hybrid energy storage system.
- DC power distribution system which is emerging in recent years, can directly supply DC (Direct Current) power to digital loads, which significantly reduces conversion loss and can be directly supplied from renewable energy sources. It also has the advantage of being large.
- An energy storage system is used to manage power of the DC power distribution system.
- Energy Storage System is a system that saves the generated power in each linked system including power plants, substations and transmission lines, and then uses it selectively and efficiently when the power is needed to increase energy efficiency.
- the energy storage system improves the overall load rate by leveling the electric load with large fluctuations in time and season, it can lower the cost of generating power and reduce the investment cost and operation cost required for the expansion of electric power facilities. can do.
- These energy storage systems are installed and used in power generation, transmission and distribution, and customers in the power system, and include frequency regulation, stabilization of generator output using renewable energy, peak shaving, and load leveling. It is used as a function of emergency power.
- the energy storage system is classified into physical energy storage and chemical energy storage according to the storage method.
- Physical energy storage includes a method using pumped power generation, compressed air storage, flywheel, etc.
- chemical energy storage includes a method using a lithium ion battery, a lead acid battery, and a Nas battery.
- FIG. 1 shows a conventional energy storage system.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a conventional energy storage system.
- a conventional energy storage system 1 uses a battery 100, and the battery 100 is installed in a DC power distribution network 30 (that is, a DC system) by a DC-DC converter 110.
- the power of the battery 100 is controlled by the associated DC-DC converter 110.
- the DC power distribution network 30 converts an AC (Alternating Current) voltage of the system 10 to a direct current (DC) voltage and transmits the DC power to the DC power distribution network 30.
- An AC-DC converter 20 is disposed, and the DC power distribution network 30 may include a load 36 and a distributed power supply system 33.
- the AC-DC converter 20 may convert the DC voltage of the DC power distribution network 30 into an AC voltage and transmit the converted AC voltage to the system 10.
- the DC-DC converter 110 converts the DC voltage of the battery 100 into a DC voltage and transmits the DC voltage to the DC power distribution network 30, or converts the DC voltage of the DC power distribution network 30 into a DC voltage to the battery 100. Can be delivered to.
- the load 36 and the distributed power system 33 may be a plurality.
- the conventional energy storage system 1 includes a higher operating system 60 (eg, an EMS) that operates electric power in connection with the distributed power supply system 33.
- a fuzzy logic method or filtering method is used to stabilize the output of the distributed power supply system 33.
- the upper operating system 60 generates an energy storage system command ref. Using smoothing control to stabilize the output of the distributed power system 33, and distributes the distributed power system 33. Filter the output of the (DG output) in real time to measure the change in power flowing into the system 10 from the distributed power system 33 as a DC component, the charge and discharge of the battery 100 through the change in the measured power To control.
- FIG. 2 shows an example of a conventional hybrid energy storage system.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of a conventional hybrid energy storage system.
- an example (2) of a conventional hybrid energy storage system includes a battery 100 directly connected to a DC power distribution network 30, and a super capacitor 70 through a DC-DC converter 80. It includes a structure connected to the DC power distribution network (30).
- power management of the battery 100 may not be directly performed, and power of the distributed power supply system 33, power supplied from the grid 10, and super capacitors may be used.
- the power of the battery 100 is automatically determined by the sum of the charge and discharge powers of 70.
- the upper operating system 60 performs smoothing control on the output of the distributed power supply system 33 to calculate the energy storage system command value, and filters the energy storage system command to generate a grid power command (Pgrid ref.).
- the upper operating system 60 transmits the generated grid power command (Pgrid ref.) To the AC-DC converter 20 that performs voltage control of the DC power distribution network 30, and the energy storage system command and the grid power command. Based on the difference of (Pgrid ref.) Generates a supercapacitor power command (Psc ref.) For the voltage control of the supercapacitor and transmits it to the DC-DC converter (80).
- Pgrid ref. generated grid power command
- Psc ref. supercapacitor power command
- the super capacitor power command (Psc ref.) Is a command for controlling a very small power component by the difference between the energy storage system command and the grid power command (Pgrid ref.).
- one example (2) of the conventional hybrid energy storage system has an advantage of using only one DC-DC converter 80, but the voltage of the DC power distribution network 30 is in a certain range for protecting the battery 100. Must be controlled within, there is a disadvantage in that the cost of the battery 100 must also be high when the rated voltage of the DC power distribution network 30 is high.
- 3 and 4 are schematic diagrams illustrating another example of a conventional hybrid energy storage system.
- another example (3) of a conventional hybrid energy storage system includes a supercapacitor 70 and a battery 100 via DC-DC converters 80 and 110, respectively, in a DC power distribution network 30. It includes the structure to connect to).
- the power of the super capacitor 70 and the battery 100 can be controlled by the first DC-DC converter 80 and the second DC-DC converter 110 independently of each other,
- the power commands Psc ref. And Pbatt ref. May be controlled by the operating system 60.
- the SOC of the battery 100 and the SOC of the super capacitor 70 may be managed separately, and the battery 100 and the super capacitor 70 may have different voltage levels. Another advantage is that it can be configured in any desired capacity and voltage.
- the upper operation system 60 performs smoothing control on the output of the distributed power system 33 to calculate the energy storage system command value, and filters the energy storage system command to filter the battery power command (Pbatt ref.).
- the upper operating system also generates a supercapacitor power command (Psc ref.) For voltage control of the supercapacitor based on the difference between the energy storage system command and the battery power command (Pbatt ref.).
- Psc ref. supercapacitor power command
- the super capacitor power command (Psc ref.) Is a command for controlling a very small power component by the difference between the energy storage system command and the battery power command (Pbatt ref.).
- the rapid and small change in power is handled by the super capacitor 70, and the vast change in power for a long time is managed by the battery 100.
- another example (3) of the conventional hybrid energy storage system has a disadvantage in that only power management of the DC power distribution network 30 can be performed, but power quality compensation of the DC power distribution network 30 cannot be performed.
- the DC power distribution network 30 may include a plurality of distributed power supply systems and loads, so that the switching harmonics generated in converters (ie, power converters) in the DC power distribution network 30 may be included.
- the voltage of the DC power distribution network 30 (that is, the DC grid voltage) may be nonlinear.
- the voltage Vc of the DC power distribution network may exhibit a change of nearly 200% due to the equivalent circuit and the incoming harmonic components.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a hybrid energy storage system that can manage the power of the DC distribution network and at the same time stabilize the power quality.
- the hybrid energy storage system of the present invention is a hybrid energy storage system managing power of a direct current (DC) distribution network connected to a grid and a grid, the first DC-DC connected to the DC distribution network.
- DC direct current
- the battery includes a battery in which charge and discharge are controlled by a second DC-DC converter, wherein the first DC-DC converter filters noise of grid voltage applied to the DC power distribution network and generates a damping current to stabilize the DC power distribution network.
- a DC power distribution stabilization controller is a DC power distribution stabilization controller.
- the DC distribution network stabilization controller is configured to generate an equivalent damping resistor based on a filter for filtering noise of a grid voltage applied to a DC distribution network, and an equivalent damping resistor based on a voltage difference and a damping current between the grid voltage and the grid voltage from which the noise is filtered. Contains wealth.
- the upper operating system the first DC-DC converter provides a power command associated with the charge and discharge of the super capacitor, Provide a power command related to charging and discharging of the battery to the second DC-DC converter.
- the DC power distribution network includes a load and a distributed power supply system, and an AC-DC converter is disposed between the system and the DC power distribution network to convert an AC voltage of the system into a DC voltage and transmit the DC voltage to the DC power distribution network.
- the upper operating system calculates an energy storage system command value through smoothing control of the output of the distributed power supply system, filters the calculated energy storage system command value, and calculates a power command value related to charging and discharging of the battery. Based on the difference between the energy storage system setpoint and the power setpoint associated with the charge / discharge of the battery, the power setpoint associated with the supercapacitor charge / discharge is calculated.
- the first DC-DC converter may include a DC distribution network voltage controller for controlling the voltage of the DC distribution network, a super capacitor voltage controller for controlling the voltage of the super capacitor, and a current command provided from the DC distribution network stabilization controller. And a first current controller for generating a first gate pulse based on the first current controller.
- the first DC-DC converter determines whether the grid is connected to the DC distribution network, and if it is determined whether the grid is connected to the DC distribution network, the first DC-DC converter determines whether the voltage of the super capacitor is maintained within a predetermined voltage range.
- the voltage control of the supercapacitor is performed through the supercapacitor voltage controller to generate a current command, and the generated current command is
- the final current command is generated in combination with the generated current command, and a first gate pulse is generated through the first current controller based on the final current command.
- the first DC-DC converter receives a power command related to charging and discharging of a super capacitor from an upper operating system when the grid and the DC distribution network are linked, and the DC distribution network voltage when the grid and the DC distribution network are separated. Initiate the DC distribution network voltage control mode through the controller.
- the first DC-DC converter further includes a first gate driver that receives a first gate pulse from a first current controller, and a first semiconductor device controlled by the first gate driver.
- the second DC-DC converter receives a power command related to charging and discharging of the battery from an upper operating system and controls the voltage of the battery, and generates a second gate pulse based on a current command provided from the battery voltage controller. And a second current controller to generate, a second gate driver to receive a second gate pulse from the second current controller, and a second semiconductor device controlled by the second gate driver.
- the second DC-DC converter determines whether the state of charge (SOC) of the battery is maintained within a predetermined stability range, and when the SOC of the battery is out of the predetermined stability range, the battery voltage controller Commit correction requests to the higher operating system to compensate for the SOC.
- SOC state of charge
- the battery includes a lead acid battery.
- the voltage stability can be improved by solving the power quality problem of the DC distribution network. Efficient energy management is also possible.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a conventional energy storage system.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic view illustrating an example of a conventional hybrid energy storage system.
- 3 and 4 are schematic diagrams illustrating another example of a conventional hybrid energy storage system.
- FIG. 5 is a graph illustrating a voltage and current variation of a conventional DC power distribution network.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a control flow of a first DC-DC converter of a hybrid energy storage system according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a control flow of the DC power grid stabilization controller of FIG. 6.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a control flow of the first current controller of FIG. 6.
- FIG 9 is a graph illustrating the voltage and current variation of the DC power distribution network controlled by the hybrid energy storage system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a control flow of a second DC-DC converter of a hybrid energy storage system according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a control flow of a first DC-DC converter of a hybrid energy storage system according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a control flow of the DC power grid stabilization controller of FIG. 6.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a control flow of the first current controller of FIG. 6.
- 9 is a graph illustrating the voltage and current variation of the DC power distribution network controlled by the hybrid energy storage system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- 10 is a diagram illustrating a control flow of a second DC-DC converter of a hybrid energy storage system according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
- the hybrid energy storage system according to the embodiment of the present invention has the same structure as another example (3) of the conventional hybrid energy storage system shown in FIG.
- the hybrid energy storage system is connected to the first DC-DC converter 80 and the first DC-DC converter 80 connected to the DC power distribution network 30.
- a second DC-DC converter 110 Connected to the supercapacitor 70 controlled by the first DC-DC converter 80, a second DC-DC converter 110 connected to the DC power distribution network 30, and a second DC-DC converter ( A higher level connected to the 110 and controlling the battery 100, the first DC-DC converter 80 and the second DC-DC converter 110, which are charged and discharged by the second DC-DC converter 110. May include an operating system 60.
- the battery 100 may include, for example, a lead acid battery.
- the upper operating system 60 normally controls the value of the energy storage system command (Sess ref.) Through a smoothing control on the output of the distributed power supply system 33. , The energy storage system command value) and the calculated energy storage system command value to calculate the value of the battery power command (Pbatt ref.) (That is, the power command value associated with charging and discharging of the battery 100), and storing the energy. Based on the difference between the system command value and the power command value related to the charge / discharge of the battery 100, the value of the super capacitor command Psc ref. (Ie, the power command value related to the charge / discharge of the super capacitor 70) may be calculated.
- the upper operating system 60 provides the first DC-DC converter 80 with a power command related to charge / discharge of the supercapacitor 70 (ie, a supercapacitor power command Psc ref.), And the second DC.
- the DC converter 110 may provide a power command (ie, a battery power command Pbatt ref.) Related to charge / discharge of the battery 100.
- the upper operating system 60 may operate in conjunction with the distributed power supply system 33 and may include, for example, an EMS (Energy Management System).
- EMS Electronicgy Management System
- the hybrid energy storage system according to the embodiment of the present invention unlike FIG. 3, generates a noise filtering technique and an equivalent positive resistance component in the first DC-DC converter 80 and increases the damping of the system 10.
- the stabilization technique aimed at this purpose is additionally applied.
- a first DC-DC converter 80 of a hybrid energy storage system may include a DC power supply voltage controller 83 and a super capacitor voltage controller 86.
- the DC network stabilization controller 90 may include a first current controller 95, a first gate driver 97, and a first semiconductor device 98.
- the DC power supply network controller 83 may control the voltage of the DC power supply network 30 when the grid 10 is disconnected (for example, the system 10 accident or power failure), and the super capacitor voltage controller ( 86 may control the voltage of the super capacitor 70.
- the DC network stabilization controller 90 may filter the noise of the grid voltage applied to the DC power distribution network 30 and generate a damping current to stabilize the DC power distribution network 30. ) May generate the first gate pulse S based on the current command provided from the DC power grid stabilization controller 90.
- the first gate driver 97 may receive the first gate pulse S from the first current controller 95 to control the first semiconductor device 98. That is, the first semiconductor device 98 may be controlled by the first gate driver 97.
- the first semiconductor device 98 may include, for example, an insulated gate bipolar mode transistor (IGBT), but is not limited thereto.
- IGBT insulated gate bipolar mode transistor
- the first DC-DC converter 80 having such a configuration may have a control flow as follows.
- the first DC-DC converter 80 may first determine whether the system 10 is connected to the DC power distribution network 30.
- the grid-tied mode that is, the grid 10 is connected to the DC power distribution network 30
- the power associated with charging and discharging of the super capacitor 70 from the upper operating system 60 basically.
- the DC distribution network voltage controller 83 is provided through the DC distribution network voltage controller 83. Control mode can be initiated.
- the DC network voltage controller 83 may initiate the DC network voltage control mode based on the DC network voltage command Vdc ref.
- the first DC-DC converter 80 may determine whether the voltage of the super capacitor 70 is maintained within a predetermined voltage range. .
- the first DC-DC converter 80 may superimpose the super capacitor voltage controller 86 through the super capacitor voltage controller 86.
- the voltage control of the capacitor 70 may be performed to generate a current command Isc_ref1 (first super capacitor current command).
- the super capacitor voltage controller 86 may perform voltage control of the super capacitor 70 based on the super capacitor voltage command Vsc ref.
- the current command Isc_ref2 (second super capacitor current command) generated by the DC power grid stabilization controller 90 may be summed to generate a final current command Isc_ref3 (third super capacitor current command).
- the device 87 may be, for example, a device having a division operation, that is, a division function.
- the generated third super capacitor current command Isc_ref3 is provided to the first current controller 95, and the first current controller 95 receives the first gate pulse S based on the third super capacitor current command Isc_ref3. It may be generated and provided to the first gate driver 97.
- the first gate driver 97 may control the first semiconductor device 98 based on the provided first gate pulse S.
- the DC distribution network stabilization controller 90 includes a filter 91 for filtering noise of the grid voltage Vend applied to the DC grid 30, a grid voltage Vend, and noise. It can be seen that includes an equivalent damping resistor 92 to generate an equivalent damping resistor (Rdamp) based on the voltage difference (Vend_lpf) and the damping current between the filtered system voltage.
- the DC network stabilization controller 90 may supply a grid voltage (Vend; ie, a terminal voltage of the DC power distribution network 30) applied to the DC power distribution network 30 through the filter 91 (for example, a low pass filter). You can filter out noise.
- Vend a grid voltage of the DC power distribution network 30
- the filter 91 for example, a low pass filter. You can filter out noise.
- the DC power grid stabilization controller 90 calculates a voltage difference (Vend_lpf) between the grid voltage (Vend) and the grid voltage from which the noise is filtered, and then the damping current and the voltage difference generated through the equivalent damping resistor unit 92.
- Vend_lpf a voltage difference between the grid voltage (Vend) and the grid voltage from which the noise is filtered
- the damping current and the voltage difference generated through the equivalent damping resistor unit 92 By generating the equivalent damping resistor Rdamp based on Vend_lpf, the second super capacitor current command Isc_ref2 may be generated.
- the first current controller 95 may include a PI controller 95a, an element 95b, a limiter 95c, a switching carrier 95d, and a comparator 95e.
- the difference between the third super capacitor current command Isc_ref3 and the super capacitor current Is is provided as an input to the PI controller 95a, and the sum of the output of the PI controller 95a and the super capacitor voltage Vsc and DC are obtained.
- the terminal voltage Vend of the power distribution network 30 is provided to the element 95b, the output of the element 95b is provided to the limiter 95c, the output of the limiter 95c and the output of the switching carrier 95d are When provided as an input to the comparator 95e, the comparator 95e can generate gate pulses S (Sp, Sn (inverted signal of Sp)).
- the first DC-DC converter 80 can reduce the variation of the end voltage Vend of the DC power distribution network 30 to within 10%. have.
- the first DC-DC converter 80 maintains the voltage variation of the DC power distribution network 30 at less than 10%, thereby reducing the voltage variation even when a plurality of devices are connected to the DC power distribution network 30 and the line is long. It can be seen that.
- the second DC-DC converter 110 of the hybrid energy storage system may include a battery voltage controller 115, a second current controller 118, and a second gate driver. 119 and a second semiconductor device 120.
- the battery voltage controller 115 may receive a power command Pbatt ref. Related to charge / discharge of the battery 100 from the upper operating system 60 to control the voltage of the battery 100.
- the current controller 118 may generate the second gate pulse S ′ based on the current command Ibatt_ref provided from the battery voltage controller 115.
- the second gate driver 119 may receive the second gate pulse S ′ from the second current controller 118 to control the second semiconductor device 120. That is, the second semiconductor device 120 may be controlled by the second gate driver 119.
- the second semiconductor device 120 may include, for example, an insulated gate bipolar mode transistor (IGBT), but is not limited thereto.
- IGBT insulated gate bipolar mode transistor
- the second DC-DC converter 110 having such a configuration may have a control flow as follows.
- the second DC-DC converter 110 may first determine whether a state of charge (SOC) of the battery 100 is maintained within a predetermined stability range.
- SOC state of charge
- the second DC-DC converter 110 basically provides the battery power command (Pbatt ref.) From the upper operating system 60 in both the grid-tied mode and the islanded mode.
- Pbatt ref battery power command
- the SOC of the battery 100 is within a predetermined stability range
- charging and discharging of the battery 100 may be controlled based on a battery power command Pbatt ref. Provided from the upper operating system 60.
- the correction request value (Adj ref.) For compensating the SOC of the battery 100 through the battery voltage controller 115 is higher. 60 can be delivered.
- the battery current command Ibatt_ref. May be generated. .
- the device 117 may be, for example, a device having a division operation, that is, a division function.
- the generated battery current command Ibatt_ref. Is provided to the second current controller 118, and the second current controller 118 generates a second gate pulse S ′ based on the battery current command Ibatt_ref. 2 may be provided to the gate driver 119.
- the second gate driver 119 may control the second semiconductor device 120 based on the provided second gate pulse S '.
- the hybrid energy storage system replaces an expensive lithium-based battery using an inexpensive lead acid battery (ie, the battery 100) and the super capacitor 70.
- the DC power distribution network 30 can not only improve the voltage stability but also has the advantage of efficient energy management.
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Abstract
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Claims (12)
- 계통 및 상기 계통에 연계된 DC(Direct Current) 배전망의 전력을 관리하는 하이브리드 에너지 저장 시스템에 있어서,상기 DC 배전망에 연결된 제1 DC-DC 컨버터;상기 제1 DC-DC 컨버터에 연결되고, 상기 제1 DC-DC 컨버터에 의해 충방전이 제어되는 슈퍼 커패시터;상기 DC 배전망에 연결된 제2 DC-DC 컨버터; 및상기 제2 DC-DC 컨버터에 연결되고, 상기 제2 DC-DC 컨버터에 의해 충방전이 제어되는 배터리를 포함하되,상기 제1 DC-DC 컨버터는 상기 DC 배전망에 인가된 계통 전압의 노이즈를 필터링한 후 댐핑 전류를 생성하여 상기 DC 배전망을 안정화시키는 DC 배전망 안정화 제어기를 포함하는하이브리드 에너지 저장 시스템.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 DC 배전망 안정화 제어기는,상기 DC 배전망에 인가된 상기 계통 전압의 노이즈를 필터링하는 필터와,상기 계통 전압과 상기 노이즈가 필터링된 계통 전압 간 전압 차이 및 상기 댐핑 전류를 토대로 등가 댐핑 저항을 생성하는 등가 댐핑 저항부를 포함하는하이브리드 에너지 저장 시스템.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 제1 DC-DC 컨버터 및 상기 제2 DC-DC 컨버터를 제어하는 상위 운용 시스템을 더 포함하되,상기 상위 운용 시스템은,상기 제1 DC-DC 컨버터에 상기 슈퍼 커패시터의 충방전과 관련된 전력 지령을 제공하고,상기 제2 DC-DC 컨버터에 상기 배터리의 충방전과 관련된 전력 지령을 제공하는하이브리드 에너지 저장 시스템.
- 제3항에 있어서,상기 DC 배전망은 부하와 분산 전원 시스템을 포함하고,상기 계통과 상기 DC 배전망 사이에는 상기 계통의 AC 전압을 DC 전압으로 변환하여 상기 DC 배전망에 전달하는 AC-DC 컨버터가 배치되는하이브리드 에너지 저장 시스템.
- 제4항에 있어서,상기 상위 운용 시스템은,상기 분산 전원 시스템의 출력에 대한 스무싱(smoothing) 제어를 통해 에너지 저장 시스템 지령치를 계산하고,상기 계산된 에너지 저장 시스템의 지령치를 필터링하여 상기 배터리의 충방전과 관련된 전력 지령치를 산출하고,상기 에너지 저장 시스템 지령치와 상기 배터리의 충방전과 관련된 전력 지령치 간 차이를 토대로 상기 슈퍼 커패시터의 충방전과 관련된 전력 지령치를 계산하는하이브리드 에너지 저장 시스템.
- 제3항에 있어서,상기 제1 DC-DC 컨버터는,상기 계통 분리시 상기 DC 배전망의 전압을 제어하는 DC 배전망 전압 제어기와,상기 슈퍼 커패시터의 전압을 제어하는 슈퍼 커패시터 전압 제어기와,상기 DC 배전망 안정화 제어기로부터 제공받은 전류 지령을 토대로 제1 게이트 펄스를 생성하는 제1 전류 제어기를 더 포함하는하이브리드 에너지 저장 시스템.
- 제6항에 있어서,상기 제1 DC-DC 컨버터는,상기 계통과 상기 DC 배전망의 연계 여부를 판별하고,상기 계통과 상기 DC 배전망의 연계 여부가 판별되면, 상기 슈퍼 커패시터의 전압이 미리 정해진 전압 범위 내에서 유지되는지 여부를 판별하고,상기 슈퍼 커패시터의 전압이 상기 미리 정해진 전압 범위의 상한값 또는 하한값에 도달하게 되면, 상기 슈퍼 커패시터 전압 제어기를 통해 상기 슈퍼 커패시터의 전압 제어를 수행하여 전류 지령을 생성하고,상기 생성된 전류 지령을 상기 DC 배전망 안정화 제어기에서 생성된 전류 지령과 합하여 최종 전류 지령을 생성하고,상기 최종 전류 지령을 토대로 상기 제1 전류 제어기를 통해 상기 제1 게이트 펄스를 생성하는하이브리드 에너지 저장 시스템.
- 제7항에 있어서,상기 제1 DC-DC 컨버터는,상기 계통과 상기 DC 배전망이 연계된 경우, 상기 상위 운용 시스템으로부터 상기 슈퍼 커패시터의 충방전과 관련된 전력 지령을 제공받고,상기 계통과 상기 DC 배전망이 분리된 경우, 상기 DC 배전망 전압 제어기를 통해 DC 배전망 전압 제어 모드를 개시하는하이브리드 에너지 저장 시스템.
- 제6항에 있어서,상기 제1 DC-DC 컨버터는,상기 제1 전류 제어기로부터 상기 제1 게이트 펄스를 제공받는 제1 게이트 드라이버와,상기 제1 게이트 드라이버에 의해 제어되는 제1 반도체 소자를 더 포함하는하이브리드 에너지 저장 시스템.
- 제3항에 있어서,상기 제2 DC-DC 컨버터는,상기 상위 운용 시스템으로부터 상기 배터리의 충방전과 관련된 전력 지령을 제공받아 상기 배터리의 전압을 제어하는 배터리 전압 제어기와,상기 배터리 전압 제어기로부터 제공받은 전류 지령을 토대로 제2 게이트 펄스를 생성하는 제2 전류 제어기와,상기 제2 전류 제어기로부터 상기 제2 게이트 펄스를 제공받는 제2 게이트 드라이버와,상기 제2 게이트 드라이버에 의해 제어되는 제2 반도체 소자를 포함하는하이브리드 에너지 저장 시스템.
- 제10항에 있어서,상기 제2 DC-DC 컨버터는,상기 배터리의 SOC(State of Charge)가 미리 정해진 안정 범위 내에서 유지되는지 여부를 판별하고,상기 배터리의 SOC가 상기 미리 정해진 안정 범위를 벗어나게 되면, 상기 배터리 전압 제어기를 통해 상기 배터리의 SOC를 보상하기 위한 수정 요구치를 상기 상위 운용 시스템에 전달하는하이브리드 에너지 저장 시스템.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 배터리는 납축 전지를 포함하는하이브리드 에너지 저장 시스템.
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CN110637403B (zh) | 2023-08-08 |
JP2020520226A (ja) | 2020-07-02 |
KR102074686B1 (ko) | 2020-02-07 |
JP6929385B2 (ja) | 2021-09-01 |
EP3627648A4 (en) | 2020-11-25 |
EP3627648A1 (en) | 2020-03-25 |
US20210111581A1 (en) | 2021-04-15 |
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