WO2018207438A1 - Electronic percussion instrument - Google Patents

Electronic percussion instrument Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018207438A1
WO2018207438A1 PCT/JP2018/007573 JP2018007573W WO2018207438A1 WO 2018207438 A1 WO2018207438 A1 WO 2018207438A1 JP 2018007573 W JP2018007573 W JP 2018007573W WO 2018207438 A1 WO2018207438 A1 WO 2018207438A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
hitting
percussion instrument
electronic percussion
head
hoop
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2018/007573
Other languages
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
良彰 森
一晃 井上
Original Assignee
Ａｔｖ株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=59997774&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=WO2018207438(A1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Ａｔｖ株式会社 filed Critical Ａｔｖ株式会社
Publication of WO2018207438A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018207438A1/en

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10H—ELECTROPHONIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; INSTRUMENTS IN WHICH THE TONES ARE GENERATED BY ELECTROMECHANICAL MEANS OR ELECTRONIC GENERATORS, OR IN WHICH THE TONES ARE SYNTHESISED FROM A DATA STORE
    • G10H3/00—Instruments in which the tones are generated by electromechanical means
    • G10H3/12—Instruments in which the tones are generated by electromechanical means using mechanical resonant generators, e.g. strings or percussive instruments, the tones of which are picked up by electromechanical transducers, the electrical signals being further manipulated or amplified and subsequently converted to sound by a loudspeaker or equivalent instrument
    • G10H3/14—Instruments in which the tones are generated by electromechanical means using mechanical resonant generators, e.g. strings or percussive instruments, the tones of which are picked up by electromechanical transducers, the electrical signals being further manipulated or amplified and subsequently converted to sound by a loudspeaker or equivalent instrument using mechanically actuated vibrators with pick-up means
    • G10H3/146—Instruments in which the tones are generated by electromechanical means using mechanical resonant generators, e.g. strings or percussive instruments, the tones of which are picked up by electromechanical transducers, the electrical signals being further manipulated or amplified and subsequently converted to sound by a loudspeaker or equivalent instrument using mechanically actuated vibrators with pick-up means using a membrane, e.g. a drum; Pick-up means for vibrating surfaces, e.g. housing of an instrument
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10D—STRINGED MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; WIND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACCORDIONS OR CONCERTINAS; PERCUSSION MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; AEOLIAN HARPS; SINGING-FLAME MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10D13/00—Percussion musical instruments; Details or accessories therefor
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10D—STRINGED MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; WIND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACCORDIONS OR CONCERTINAS; PERCUSSION MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; AEOLIAN HARPS; SINGING-FLAME MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10D13/00—Percussion musical instruments; Details or accessories therefor
    • G10D13/01—General design of percussion musical instruments
    • G10D13/02—Drums; Tambourines with drumheads
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10D—STRINGED MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; WIND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACCORDIONS OR CONCERTINAS; PERCUSSION MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; AEOLIAN HARPS; SINGING-FLAME MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10D13/00—Percussion musical instruments; Details or accessories therefor
    • G10D13/10—Details of, or accessories for, percussion musical instruments
    • G10D13/12—Drumsticks; Mallets
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10H—ELECTROPHONIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; INSTRUMENTS IN WHICH THE TONES ARE GENERATED BY ELECTROMECHANICAL MEANS OR ELECTRONIC GENERATORS, OR IN WHICH THE TONES ARE SYNTHESISED FROM A DATA STORE
    • G10H1/00—Details of electrophonic musical instruments
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10H—ELECTROPHONIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; INSTRUMENTS IN WHICH THE TONES ARE GENERATED BY ELECTROMECHANICAL MEANS OR ELECTRONIC GENERATORS, OR IN WHICH THE TONES ARE SYNTHESISED FROM A DATA STORE
    • G10H3/00—Instruments in which the tones are generated by electromechanical means
    • G10H3/12—Instruments in which the tones are generated by electromechanical means using mechanical resonant generators, e.g. strings or percussive instruments, the tones of which are picked up by electromechanical transducers, the electrical signals being further manipulated or amplified and subsequently converted to sound by a loudspeaker or equivalent instrument
    • G10H3/14—Instruments in which the tones are generated by electromechanical means using mechanical resonant generators, e.g. strings or percussive instruments, the tones of which are picked up by electromechanical transducers, the electrical signals being further manipulated or amplified and subsequently converted to sound by a loudspeaker or equivalent instrument using mechanically actuated vibrators with pick-up means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10H—ELECTROPHONIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; INSTRUMENTS IN WHICH THE TONES ARE GENERATED BY ELECTROMECHANICAL MEANS OR ELECTRONIC GENERATORS, OR IN WHICH THE TONES ARE SYNTHESISED FROM A DATA STORE
    • G10H2230/00—General physical, ergonomic or hardware implementation of electrophonic musical tools or instruments, e.g. shape or architecture
    • G10H2230/045—Special instrument [spint], i.e. mimicking the ergonomy, shape, sound or other characteristic of a specific acoustic musical instrument category
    • G10H2230/251—Spint percussion, i.e. mimicking percussion instruments; Electrophonic musical instruments with percussion instrument features; Electrophonic aspects of acoustic percussion instruments, MIDI-like control therefor
    • G10H2230/275—Spint drum
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10H—ELECTROPHONIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; INSTRUMENTS IN WHICH THE TONES ARE GENERATED BY ELECTROMECHANICAL MEANS OR ELECTRONIC GENERATORS, OR IN WHICH THE TONES ARE SYNTHESISED FROM A DATA STORE
    • G10H2230/00—General physical, ergonomic or hardware implementation of electrophonic musical tools or instruments, e.g. shape or architecture
    • G10H2230/045—Special instrument [spint], i.e. mimicking the ergonomy, shape, sound or other characteristic of a specific acoustic musical instrument category
    • G10H2230/251—Spint percussion, i.e. mimicking percussion instruments; Electrophonic musical instruments with percussion instrument features; Electrophonic aspects of acoustic percussion instruments, MIDI-like control therefor
    • G10H2230/275—Spint drum
    • G10H2230/301—Spint drum rim, i.e. mimicking using or striking the rim of a drum or percussion instrument, rimshot; Interfacing aspects of the generation of different drumsound harmonic contents when a drum sensor is struck closer to the rim

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an electronic percussion instrument that generates an electronic musical tone by detecting the impact of a hit surface hit with a hand, a stick, or a beater.
  • Patent Document 1 discloses an electronic percussion instrument device including an electronic drum that derives a musical sound by specifying a hit position on a mesh head based on a half wave of a rising portion of an electrical signal output by a hit detection means. ing.
  • the hitting position is detected by paying attention to the fact that the entire mesh head is bent and deformed around the hitting position when the tensioned mesh head is hit. For this reason, there is a problem that the hitting position cannot be accurately specified on a hitting surface in which the entire hitting surface is not bent and deformed at the time of hitting, or on a performance form in which a hand is placed on the hitting surface at the time of playing and the bending deformation is inhibited.
  • the present invention has been made to address the above-mentioned problems, and its purpose is to determine the hitting position by the performer even in a non-flexible hitting surface in which the entire hitting surface is not flexed and deformed when hitting or in a performance form that hinders deformation.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide an electronic percussion instrument that can accurately specify and generate musical sounds.
  • a feature of the present invention is that a first hitting portion hit by a player and a natural frequency different from that of the first hitting portion are provided at positions different from the first hitting portion.
  • a second hitting unit that is hit by a player, a hitting unit support that supports the first hitting unit and the second hitting unit in a state of being physically connected to the first hitting unit, and a first hitting unit support provided on the hitting unit support.
  • a common tapping sensor that detects a vibration generated by each tapping of the tapping portion and the second tapping portion and outputs a detection signal corresponding to the vibration, and each tapping of the first tapping portion and the second tapping portion using the detection signal.
  • a control unit that generates a musical sound signal corresponding to each of the first and second percussion periods, wavelengths, or unit times of vibration generated by the hitting of the first hitting unit and vibration generated by the hitting of the second hitting unit.
  • the first striking part using the difference in frequency Other is to generate a musical tone signal corresponding to the beating identified to the particular beating of the second beating section.
  • the common tapping sensor has a configuration in which each vibration of the first tapping portion and the second tapping portion is transmitted, in addition to the configuration directly provided on the tapping portion support, through other components.
  • Electronic percussion instruments include electronic bass drums, snare drums, electronic drums such as tom toms and floor toms, electronic cymbals or electronic hi-hats.
  • the first hitting portion and the second hitting portion are configured to have different natural frequencies, and the first hitting portion and the second hitting portion are configured.
  • Non-flexible striking surface where the entire striking surface is not deflected and deformed when striking because it is determined using the difference in period, wavelength or frequency per unit time in the vibration generated by striking.
  • the hitting portion support constitutes a cylindrical shell that supports the head of the drum.
  • the electronic percussion instrument has a hitting surface physically connected to the shell because the hitting part support body constitutes a cylindrical shell that supports the head of the drum.
  • Such components for example, the head or the hoop, can be distinguished from each other as the first hitting portion or the second hitting portion.
  • Another feature of the present invention is that, in the electronic percussion instrument, the first hitting portion and the second hitting portion are configured with different hardnesses.
  • the electronic percussion instrument is configured so that the first hitting portion and the second hitting portion have different hardnesses. It is possible to easily give a clear difference in natural frequency between the two, and to give the player a different feeling of hitting at the time of hitting the first hitting part and at the time of hitting the second hitting part. Can do.
  • Another feature of the present invention is that, in the electronic percussion instrument, the first hitting portion and the second hitting portion are made of different materials.
  • the electronic percussion instrument is composed of different materials for the first hitting portion and the second hitting portion. It is possible to easily give a clear difference in natural frequency between the first hitting portion and the second hitting portion visually, thereby preventing mistakes in hitting between the two and facilitating performance. be able to.
  • first hitting portion and the second hitting portion are formed with different thicknesses.
  • the electronic percussion instrument is configured so that the first hitting portion and the second hitting portion have different thicknesses.
  • the number of material points can be reduced to efficiently constitute the first hitting portion and the second hitting portion, and the first hitting portion and the second hitting portion are different from each other.
  • the difference in natural frequency can be made more conspicuous in the case of
  • the first hitting portion constitutes at least a part of a hoop provided around the head of the drum, and the second hitting portion is the other in the hoop. That is part of
  • the electronic percussion instrument has the first hitting portion constituting at least a part of a hoop provided around the head of the drum and the second hitting portion being the hoop. Therefore, the musical sound can be divided in the same hoop, and the expressive power as a musical instrument can be improved.
  • the first hitting portion constitutes at least a part of a hoop provided around the drum head, and the second hitting portion has a plate shape. It is formed and provided adjacent to the hoop.
  • the electronic percussion instrument includes the first hitting portion constituting at least a part of a hoop provided around the head of the drum and the second hitting portion being a plate. Because it is formed in a shape and is provided adjacent to the hoop, the second hitting portion can be hit with a sense close to that of the hoop while preventing mistakes in hitting with the hoop, thereby improving the expressive power of the instrument as a natural performance. be able to.
  • FIG. 3 It is a perspective view showing the outline of the appearance composition of the electronic percussion instrument concerning one embodiment of the present invention. It is a partially broken sectional view which shows the outline of the internal structure of the electronic percussion instrument shown in FIG. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the signal processing apparatus electrically connected to the electronic percussion instrument shown in FIG. It is a flowchart which shows the flow of a process of the musical tone signal generation program which the signal processing apparatus shown in FIG. 3 performs. (A), (B) has shown the vibration waveform which the detection signal each output from a 1st hitting part and a 2nd hitting part represents, (A) represents the detection signal output from a 1st hitting part.
  • the vibration waveform is shown, (B) has shown the vibration waveform which the detection signal output from a 2nd hit
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an outline of an external configuration of an electronic percussion instrument 100 according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a partially cutaway sectional view showing an outline of the internal configuration of the electronic percussion instrument 100 shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a signal processing device 200 electrically connected to the electronic percussion instrument 100 shown in FIG.
  • the electronic percussion instrument 100 is a snare drum type electronic drum that generates an electronic musical tone by detecting the impact of a hitting surface 101a hit by a performer (not shown) through a stick (not shown).
  • the electronic percussion instrument 100 includes a head 101.
  • the head 101 is a component that vibrates and elastically deforms when hit by a stick operation by a player, and is configured by forming a cloth material or a resin material into a sheet shape or a thin plate shape.
  • the head 101 is composed of a transparent or translucent resin sheet material or thin plate material, or a cloth material or resin material formed in a mesh shape.
  • the head 101 is configured by forming a mesh-like sheet body into a circle in a plan view. The outer edge of the head 101 is held by a head frame 102.
  • the head frame 102 is a component for arranging the head 101 on the shell 103 in a tensioned state, and is configured by forming a metal material or a resin material in an annular shape.
  • the head frame 102 is fitted to the outer periphery of the shell 103 while holding the outer edge of the head 101. In this case, the upper surface of the head frame 102 is pressed by the hoop 106.
  • the shell 103 is a component that supports the head 101, the sensor support 120, and the cover 130, and is configured by forming a metal material, a resin material, or wood into a cylindrical shape.
  • One end (upper side in the figure) of the shell 103 is closed by the head 101, and the other end (lower side in the figure) is closed by the shell cover 110.
  • the surface exposed to the outside of the shell 103 constitutes the striking surface 101a
  • the surface facing the inside of the shell 103 constitutes the back surface 101b.
  • a lug 104, a cover lug 105, and a second hitting portion 114 are provided on the outer peripheral surface of the shell 103, respectively.
  • the lug 104 is a part for pressing the hoop 106 against the upper surface of the head frame 102, and is provided in a state of overhanging on the outer peripheral surface of the shell 103. More specifically, the lug 104 is composed of a metal block body extending in the axial direction in a state of projecting outward in the radial direction of the shell 103, and an end surface of the block body on the head frame 102 side (the upper side in the drawing). A female screw (not shown) is formed in a hole extending in the axial direction of the shell 103. That is, the lug 104 fixedly supports the hoop 106 by the tension bolt 108 passing through the hoop 106 being screwed into the female screw.
  • the lug 104 has two cylindrical boss portions (not shown) that fit on the side surface of the shell 103 on the surface facing the shell 103, and the sensor support 120 is inserted through the boss portion. It is supported.
  • eight lugs 104 are formed at substantially equal intervals along the circumferential direction of the shell 103 in the present embodiment.
  • the cover lug 105 is a part for pressing a later-described cover hoop 112 against the upper surface of the cover frame 111, and is provided in a state of protruding on the outer peripheral surface of the shell 103. More specifically, the cover lug 105 is composed of a metal block body that extends in the axial direction in a state of projecting outward in the radial direction of the shell 103, and is formed on an end surface of the block body on the cover frame side (the upper side in the drawing). A female screw (not shown) is formed in a hole extending in the axial direction of the shell 103. In the present embodiment, eight cover lugs 105 are formed at positions adjacent to the lugs 104 at substantially equal intervals along the circumferential direction of the shell 103.
  • the hoop 106 is a component for pushing the upper surface of the head frame 102 to stretch the head 101 on the shell 103, and is configured by forming a metal material into a stepped cylindrical shape. More specifically, the hoop 106 has one end (upper side in the drawing) extending from the upper surface of the head 101 so as to protrude upward in the drawing, and the other (lower side in the drawing) is projecting radially outward to the head frame. It is formed in a cylindrical shape covering the outer surface of 102. A first hitting portion 107 is provided on the upper portion of the hoop 106. The hoop 106 is attached to the lug 104 via a tension bolt 108 at a portion projecting radially outward on the other end side.
  • the first hitting portion 107 is a component that covers the upper edge portion of the hoop 106 and is hit by a player's stick operation, and has an annular shape having a recess into which the upper edge portion of the hoop 106 above the head 101 is fitted. Is formed.
  • the first hitting portion 107 is made of an elastic material having elasticity. That is, the first hitting portion 107 is elastically fitted to the upper edge portion of the hoop 106.
  • the elastomer material constituting the first hitting portion 107 is a rubber material or a resin material having elasticity that elastically deforms when the player strikes with a stick or the like, and more specifically, a thermosetting elastomer material.
  • a thermosetting elastomer material for example, vulcanized rubber, urethane rubber, silicone rubber, fluororubber, etc.
  • thermoplastic elastomer materials for example, styrene-based, olefin-based, vinyl chloride-based, urethane-based or amide-based resins.
  • the annular upper end portion of the hoop 106 and the first hitting portion 107 are rims hit by the player.
  • the tension bolt 108 is a part for pressing the hoop 106 against the upper surface of the head frame 102 and attaching the second hitting portion 114 to the shell 103.
  • the tension bolt 108 is a bolt in which a male screw is formed on the outer peripheral portion of a metal shaft body. It is configured.
  • the tension bolt 108 is fastened to the female thread portion of the lug 104 in a state where the tension bolt 108 penetrates a portion where the outer diameter of the hoop 106 protrudes.
  • the head 101 is pressed against the end of the shell 103 by the head frame 102 being pulled toward the lug 104 and is stretched into a flat film shape.
  • the shell cover 110 is a component for covering the opposite side of the shell 103 to the head 101 side, and is configured by forming a cloth material or a resin material into a sheet shape or a thin plate shape.
  • the shell cover 110 is configured by forming a mesh-like sheet body in a circular shape in plan view, like the head 101.
  • the outer edge of the shell cover 110 is held by a cover frame 111.
  • the cover frame 111 is a component for placing the shell cover 110 on the shell 103 in a tensioned state, and is configured by forming a metal material or a resin material in an annular shape. .
  • the cover frame 111 is fitted to the outer peripheral portion of the shell 103 while holding the outer edge portion of the shell cover 110. In this case, the cover frame 111 has an annular lower surface pressed by the cover hoop 112.
  • the cover hoop 112 is a part for pushing the lower surface of the cover frame 111 to stretch the shell cover 110 on the shell 103, and is configured by forming a metal material into a stepped cylindrical shape. . More specifically, the cover hoop 112 has one end (the lower side in the figure) extending from the lower surface of the shell cover 110 so as to protrude downward in the figure, and the other end (the upper side in the figure) projecting radially outward. It is formed in a cylindrical shape that covers the outer surface of the cover frame 111. The cover hoop 112 is attached to the cover lug 105 through a cover tension bolt 113 at a portion projecting radially outward on the other end side.
  • the cover tension bolt 113 is a part for pressing the cover hoop 112 against the lower surface of the cover frame 111.
  • the cover tension bolt 113 is a bolt having a male shaft formed on the outer periphery of a metal shaft. Has been.
  • the cover tension bolt 113 is fastened to the female screw portion of the cover lug 105 in a state of passing through a portion where the outer diameter of the cover hoop 112 protrudes.
  • the shell cover 110 is pressed against the end of the shell 103 by the cover frame 111 being pulled toward the cover lug 105 and is in a state of being stretched into a flat film.
  • the second hitting part 114 is a part hit by a player's stick operation, and is configured to have a natural frequency different from that of the first hitting part 107 at a position different from the first hitting part 107.
  • the second hitting portion 114 is formed of a wooden plate-like body that is curved in an arc shape along the shell 103 and the hoop 106 at a position outside the first hitting portion 107. In this case, the second hitting portion 114 is formed to protrude upward from the upper surface of the first hitting portion 107.
  • the second hitting portion 114 is attached to the hoop 106 by a tension bolt 108 via a metal attachment 115.
  • the second hitting portion 114 is attached to the shell 103 via the attachment 115, the tension bolt 108, the hoop 106, and the lug 104. That is, the shell 103 supports both the first hitting portion 107 and the second hitting portion 114 in a state of being physically connected, and corresponds to the hitting portion support according to the present invention.
  • a sensor support 120 and a cover 130 are provided on the inner peripheral surface of the shell 103, respectively.
  • the sensor support 120 is a component for supporting the rim sensor 122 in the shell 103, and is configured by forming a metal material (such as a steel plate or a non-ferrous metal) or a resin material into a flat ring shape.
  • the sensor support 120 is configured using a metal material that has good transmission of vibration from the hoop 106.
  • the sensor support 120 is formed so that the outer diameter is smaller than the inner diameter of the shell 103 and the outer periphery of the sensor support 120 is not in contact with the inner peripheral surface of the shell 103.
  • the inner diameter of the sensor support 120 is formed so as not to reach the center portion of the head 101.
  • the central portion of the head 101 is a portion where the performer mainly hits the head 101, and is an area within a circle having a diameter that is 2/3 of the outer diameter (diameter) of the head centering on the center of the head 101. It is.
  • the sensor support 120 is connected to the lug 104 with the shell 103 interposed therebetween via a fixture 121.
  • the fixture 121 is a component for connecting the sensor support 120 and the cover 130 to the lug 104 with the shell 103 interposed therebetween, and is made of a metal plate (such as a steel plate or non-ferrous metal) or a resin plate. Each end portion is formed into a bent shape (in other words, the cross section is U-shaped).
  • the fixture 121 is attached to the lug 104 via a metal screw 121a.
  • the sensor support body 120 and the cover body 130 are attached to the fixture 121 through metal screws (not shown).
  • the sensor support 120 is attached to the inside of the shell 103 with the shell 103 sandwiched with the lug 104 via the fixture 121. In this case, the sensor support 120 is attached in a posture parallel to the head 101. In the present embodiment, the sensor support 120 is attached to the inner peripheral surface of the shell 103 by being connected to the eight lugs 104 via the fixtures 121. In this case, the sensor support 120 is provided in a non-contact state with the inner peripheral surface of the shell 103.
  • the rim sensor 122 is a detector for detecting vibrations in which the player strikes the first hitting unit 107 and the second hitting unit 114, each of which is a rim.
  • the rim sensor 122 includes an electrical signal corresponding to the vibration of the sensor support 120.
  • the detection signal is output to the signal processing device 200. That is, the rim sensor 122 corresponds to a common tapping sensor according to the present invention.
  • the rim sensor 122 is constituted by a piezoelectric element in which electrodes are arranged on both surfaces of a piezoelectric ceramic, and a metal plate is arranged on one of these electrodes.
  • Three rim sensors 122 are provided at equal intervals along the circumferential direction on the surface of the sensor support 120 facing the head 101.
  • each rim sensor 122 is fixed on the sensor support 120 with a double-sided tape or an adhesive (not shown).
  • These three rim sensors 122 are connected to a phone terminal 123 for outputting a sum signal of the respective rim sensor detection signals via a wiring (not shown).
  • the phone terminal 123 is a component for outputting a sum signal of three rim sensor detection signals of the rim sensor 122 and a sum signal of three head sensor detection signals of a head sensor 133 described later to an external device such as the signal processing device 200.
  • the shell 103 is attached to the shell 103 so as to be exposed to the outside.
  • the cover 130 is a component for covering the sensor support 120 in the shell 103 and supporting the head sensor 133, and is configured by forming a metal material (such as a steel plate or a non-ferrous metal) or a resin material into a flat ring shape. ing. More specifically, the cover 130 includes a flat plate ring-shaped support 131 that extends in parallel with the sensor support 120, and a wall-shaped extension that extends from the inner periphery of the support 131 to the sensor support 120. The side wall part 132 is formed integrally. In the present embodiment, the cover 130 is made of a resin material in order to prevent vibrations from other than the head 101 from being transmitted to the head sensor 133.
  • This cover 130 is formed to have the same outer diameter and inner diameter as the sensor support 120.
  • the cover 130 is on the side of the head 101 with respect to the sensor support 120, and the head sensor 133 is in contact with the head 101, and the shell 130 is attached to the sensor support 120 via the fixture 121 so as to cover the support surface of the rim sensor 122.
  • 103 is attached to the inner peripheral surface.
  • the cover 130 is provided in a non-contact state with the inner peripheral surface of the shell 103 and the sensor support 120.
  • the head sensor 133 is a detector that detects the vibration of the head 101, and outputs a head sensor detection signal including an electrical signal corresponding to the vibration of the head 101 to the phone terminal 123.
  • the head sensor 133 is configured by a piezo element, but other detection elements such as an optical sensor can also be used.
  • the head sensor 133 is fixed to the support portion 131 with a double-sided tape or an adhesive (not shown) while pressing the back surface 101b of the head 101 via the cushion body 134. In this case, in the present embodiment, the head sensor 133 is disposed on the support portion 131 directly above each of the three rim sensors 122.
  • the cushion body 134 is a component for accurately transmitting the vibration to the head sensor 133 while protecting the head sensor 133 from the vibration of the head 101, and is configured by forming a rubber material or an elastic resin material into a truncated cone shape.
  • the cushion body 134 has a small-diameter tip portion pressed against the back surface 101b of the head 101, and a head sensor 133 is attached to the large-diameter lower surface portion via a double-sided tape or an adhesive (not shown).
  • the signal processing device 200 has a sound source composed of an electronic circuit that outputs a musical sound signal using each detection signal output from the head sensor 133 and the rim sensor 122, and is different from the electronic percussion instrument 100. Consists of the body.
  • the signal processing apparatus 200 is mainly configured by including a power supply unit 201, an A / D converter 202, a control unit 203, a PCM sound source unit 204, a D / A converter 205, and an amplifier 206, respectively.
  • the power supply unit 201 is an electric circuit that receives power from a power supply source (for example, a household 100V power supply) via a power cord (not shown) and supplies power to each electric circuit of the signal processing device 200. is there.
  • the A / D converter 202 is an electronic circuit that converts analog detection signals output from the head sensor 133 and the rim sensor 122 into digital signals and outputs the digital signals to the control unit 203, respectively.
  • the control unit 203 is configured by a microcomputer including a CPU, a ROM, a RAM, and the like, and each output from the head sensor 133 and the rim sensor 122 by executing a control program stored in advance in a storage device such as a ROM.
  • a musical sound signal representing a musical sound is generated using the detection signal and the PCM sound source unit 204.
  • the control unit 203 is also provided with an operation panel 203a for inputting instructions from the performer.
  • the PCM sound source unit 204 is an electronic circuit that stores a signal representing a musical tone of an actual musical instrument (also referred to as “live musical instrument”) recorded in advance by a PCM (pulse code modulation) method.
  • the PCM sound source unit 204 has a head tone when the head of the snare drum is struck when the head 101 is struck, and a rim of the snare drum when the stab drum 107 is struck.
  • the second hitting unit 114 is hit, a tone signal representing each tone of the second tone different from the head tone and the first tone is stored.
  • the head tone includes a tone corresponding to the tapping force of the head 101.
  • the first musical sound is a so-called open rim shot musical sound in which the head 101 and the first striking portion 107 are simultaneously struck, and a so-called closed rim shot musical sound in which only the first striking portion 107 is struck while placing a hand on the striking surface 101a.
  • the second musical tone is a musical tone of a performance technique equivalent to an open rim shot in which the head 101 and the second hitting portion 114 are simultaneously hit, and a closed rim in which only the second hitting portion 114 is hit while placing a hand on the hitting surface 101a. It includes up to the musical tone of the performance technique equivalent to a shot.
  • the D / A converter 205 is an electronic circuit that converts a digital musical tone signal output from the control unit 203 into an analog signal and outputs the analog signal to the amplifier 206.
  • the amplifier 206 is an electric circuit that amplifies and outputs the analog tone signal output from the D / A converter 205.
  • the signal processing device 200 can generate a musical sound signal for generating a musical sound close to that of a live musical instrument.
  • the amplifier 206 is provided with an output terminal (not shown) for taking out the musical tone signal so that it can be electrically connected to the external speaker 207.
  • the external speaker 207 is a device that converts a musical sound signal composed of an analog electric signal into a musical sound, and is configured separately from the signal processing device 200. Thereby, the signal processing apparatus 200 can generate a musical sound by being electrically connected to the external speaker 207.
  • the performer prepares the electronic percussion instrument 100, the signal processing device 200, and the external speaker 207, and then electrically connects the electronic percussion instrument 100 and the signal processing device 200, as well as the signal processing device 200 and the external speaker 207. Are electrically connected.
  • the performer turns on the power of the signal processing device 200 and then operates the operation panel 203a to set the performance mode in which the signal processing device 200 can perform.
  • the signal processing device 200 is in a state where it can output a musical sound by detecting each vibration of the head 101, the first hitting unit 107, and the second hitting unit 114.
  • the control unit 203 starts execution of the musical tone signal generation program shown in FIG. 4 at step S100.
  • step S102 the control unit 203 waits for the head 101, the first hitting unit 107, or the second hitting unit 114 to be hit. Specifically, the control unit 203 monitors the peak value of each detection signal output from the head sensor 133 and the rim sensor 122, and determines whether each peak value is equal to or greater than a predetermined value. judge.
  • the performer plays the electronic percussion instrument 100. Specifically, the performer strikes at least one of the head 101, the first hitting unit 107, and the second hitting unit 114 using a stick. Thereby, the head sensor 133 and the rim sensor 122 output each detection signal corresponding to the received vibration to the signal processing device 200 via the phone terminal 123. Therefore, the control unit 203 monitors the crest value of each detection signal output from the head sensor 133 and the rim sensor 122, and in this determination process until one of the crest values becomes a predetermined value or more. It continues to be determined as “No”, and when any of the peak values is equal to or greater than a predetermined value, it is determined as “Yes” in this determination process, and the process proceeds to step S104.
  • step S104 the control unit 203 determines whether or not the head 101 has been hit. Specifically, the control unit 203 compares the peak value of the head sensor detection signal output from the head sensor 133 with the peak value of the rim sensor detection signal output from the rim sensor 122 to determine the peak value of the head sensor detection signal. If it is greater than or equal to the peak value of the rim sensor detection signal, it is determined as “Yse” in this determination process, and the process proceeds to step S106. That is, the case where the crest value of the head sensor detection signal is equal to or greater than the crest value of the rim sensor detection signal is a case where the head 101 is struck more strongly than the first tapping portion 107 and the second tapping portion 114.
  • the control unit 203 determines “No” in this determination process and proceeds to step S108. That is, the case where the peak value of the head sensor detection signal is less than the peak value of the rim sensor detection signal is a case where the first hitting portion 107 or the second hitting portion 114 is hit more strongly than the head 101.
  • the comparison determination process may be performed by multiplying the peak value of the rim sensor detection signal by a coefficient exceeding “1”. Good.
  • the control unit 203 when it is determined that the head 101 has been hit, the control unit 203 generates and outputs a musical sound signal representing the head musical sound in step S106. Specifically, the control unit 203 generates a musical tone signal representing a head musical tone according to the amplitude of the head sensor detection signal and outputs the musical tone signal to the external speaker 207. As a result, the external speaker 207 generates a tone corresponding to the hit of the head 101. Then, the control unit 203 returns to step S102.
  • the control unit 203 counts the frequency A within the predetermined time T of the rim sensor signal in step S108. Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B, the control unit 203 within a predetermined time T from the time when the first hitting unit 107 or the second hitting unit 114 is detected in the rim sensor signal. Is counted and stored as the frequency A.
  • the predetermined time T is appropriately 1 ms to 20 ms, and the predetermined value H and the frequency A are appropriately set according to the natural frequencies of the first hitting portion 107 and the second hitting portion 114.
  • step S110 the control unit 203 determines whether or not the first hitting unit 107 has been hit. Specifically, the control unit 203 determines whether or not the first hitting unit 107 has been hit using the frequency A. In this determination processing, the first hitting portion 107 and the second hitting portion 114 are hit with the first hitting portion 107 or the second hitting portion 114 by paying attention to the fact that the first hitting portion 107 and the second hitting portion 114 are formed with different natural frequencies. It is to be determined.
  • the control unit 203 discriminates both based on the number of vertices of the waveform equal to or greater than the predetermined value H within the predetermined time T of the vibration waveform at the time of the first hitting unit 107 and the second hitting unit 114.
  • a predetermined threshold value is stored.
  • the control unit 203 compares this threshold value with the vibration frequency A calculated in step S108. If the vibration frequency A is equal to or less than the threshold value, the control unit 203 determines that the first hitting unit 107 has been hit. The process determines “Yes” and proceeds to step S112. On the other hand, when the vibration frequency A is equal to or greater than the threshold, the control unit 203 determines that the second hitting unit 114 is hit and determines “No” in this determination process, and proceeds to step S114.
  • the control unit 203 when it is determined that the first hitting unit 107 has been hit, the control unit 203 generates and outputs a tone signal representing the first tone in step S112. Specifically, the control unit 203 generates a musical sound signal representing the first musical sound according to the amplitude of the rim sensor detection signal and outputs the musical sound signal to the external speaker 207. As a result, the external speaker 207 generates a tone corresponding to the beating of the first hitting unit 107. Then, the control unit 203 returns to step S102.
  • the control unit 203 when it is determined that the second hitting unit 114 has been hit, the control unit 203 generates and outputs a tone signal representing the second tone in step S114. Specifically, the control unit 203 generates a tone signal representing the second tone according to the amplitude of the rim sensor detection signal, and outputs the tone signal to the external speaker 207. As a result, the external speaker 207 generates a musical sound corresponding to the beating of the second beating unit 114. Then, the control unit 203 returns to step S102.
  • This musical tone signal generation program is continuously executed while the signal processing device 200 is set to the performance mode. Accordingly, the performer can freely select and strike the head 101, the first hitting unit 107, and the second hitting unit 114 in the electronic percussion instrument 100 while the signal processing apparatus 200 is set to the performance mode, so that the head musical tone is played.
  • the first musical tone and the second musical tone can be generated to perform.
  • the electronic percussion instrument 100 has the first hitting portion 107 and the first hitting portion 107 even when the tension of the head 101 is changed, or when the player hits the first hitting portion 107 or the second hitting portion 114 while touching it with the hand. Since the natural frequency of the second hitting portion 114 does not change, it is possible to accurately determine the hitting of the first hitting portion 107 and the hitting of the second hitting portion 114 and generate a musical sound.
  • the performer cancels the electrical connection between the electronic percussion instrument 100 and the signal processing device 200, and also cancels the electrical connection between the signal processing device 200 and the external speaker 207, thereby performing the performance of the electronic percussion instrument 100. Can be terminated.
  • the first hitting portion 107 and the second hitting portion 114 are configured to have different natural frequencies. Since the hit to the hitting portion 107 and the hit to the second hitting portion 114 are discriminated using the difference in the frequency per unit time in the vibration generated by the hitting, the entire hitting surface does not bend and deform when hitting. Even in a performance form in which the flexible hitting surface or the bending deformation is hindered, it is possible to generate a musical sound by accurately specifying the hit position by the performer.
  • the vibration frequency A obtained by counting the number of vertices of the waveform having a predetermined value H or more within a predetermined time T from the above is used.
  • the distinction between the hitting of the first hitting portion 107 and the hitting of the second hitting portion 114 is made per unit time in the vibration generated by the hitting of the first hitting portion 107 and the vibration generated by the hitting of the second hitting portion 114.
  • the difference in period or wavelength can also be used.
  • control unit 203 counts the number of times that the vibration waveform has passed 0V, or performs a Fourier transform on the vibration waveform of the first hitting unit 107 or the second hitting unit 114, and reaches a peak fundamental frequency. It can also be determined by performing extraction.
  • the first hitting portion 107 is the upper edge portion of the hoop 106 and the second hitting portion 114 is formed of a wooden plate adjacent to the hoop 106.
  • the first hitting unit 107 and the second hitting unit 114 are not limited to the above-described embodiment as long as they are hits during performance by the performer. Therefore, the 1st hitting part 107 and the 2nd hitting part 114 can also use the 1st hitting part 107 as the hoop 106 and the 2nd hitting part 114 as the head 101, for example.
  • the first hitting portion 107 and the second hitting portion 114 may be configured by the entire hoop 106 and the head 101, including the above-described embodiment, or may be configured by a part of the hoop 106 and the head 101. It may be. Moreover, the 1st hitting part 107 and the 2nd hitting part 114 can also each be provided on one hoop 106, as shown, for example in FIG.
  • the first hitting portion 107 is made of an elastomer material
  • the second hitting portion 114 is made of wood.
  • the 1st hitting part 107 and the 2nd hitting part 114 can be comprised by mutually different hardness or mutually different thickness other than a mutually different material, for example.
  • a material constituting the first hitting portion 107 and the second hitting portion 114 a metal material, a resin material, a rubber material, a wood material, a ceramic material, and a fiber material such as a felt are used alone or in appropriate combination. Can do.
  • an electronic percussion instrument 300 shown in FIG. 6 has a first hitting portion 301 at a part of the upper edge of the hoop 106 and a second hit at another part of the upper edge of the hoop 106.
  • a portion 302 is provided. More specifically, the first hitting portion 301 and the second hitting portion 302 have a recess capable of fitting an elastomer material into the annular upper edge portion of the hoop 106, like the first hitting portion 107 in the above embodiment.
  • Each cross-sectional shape is composed of an elongated body having an inverted U shape.
  • the first hitting portion 301 and the second hitting portion 302 may have the same hitting surface size (area), but one of them may be formed to have a larger hitting surface size than the other.
  • the first hitting portion 301 is bent and fitted in a C shape so as to cover 90% of the circumference of the annular upper edge portion of the hoop 106.
  • the second hitting portion 302 is fitted in an arc shape so as to cover the remaining 10% of the circumference of the annular upper edge portion of the hoop 106 with the same cross-sectional shape as the first hitting portion 301.
  • the second hitting portion 302 is made of an elastomer material having a hardness different from that of the first hitting portion 301.
  • the difference in hardness between the elastomer material constituting the first hitting portion 301 and the elastomer material constituting the second hitting portion 302 is at least HDA20 in durometer hardness (temperature 23 ° C. ⁇ 2 ° C., humidity 50% ⁇ 5%).
  • HDA 30 or more more preferably HDA 50 or more.
  • the first hitting portion 301 and the second hitting portion 302 may be provided apart from each other, but may be provided in contact with each other.
  • the electronic percussion instrument 400 shown in FIG. 7 has the first hitting portion 301 at a part of the annular upper edge of the hoop 106 and the other part of the annular upper edge of the hoop 106 is exposed.
  • the second hitting portion 401 is configured. That is, the second hitting portion 401 is directly constituted by the annular upper edge portion of the hoop 106. According to this, the electronic percussion instrument 400 can be easily configured and can be easily assembled.
  • an electronic percussion instrument 500 shown in FIG. 8 has a first hitting portion 501 at a part of the annular upper edge of the hoop 106, and a second part at the other part of the annular upper edge of the hoop 106. It has two hitting portions 502.
  • the first hitting portion 501 and the second hitting portion 502 are integrally formed of the same elastomer material, but the upper surface of the second hitting portion 502 is lower than the upper surface of the first hitting portion 501. Is formed. That is, the second hitting portion 502 is formed to be thinner on the upper edge portion of the hoop 106 than the first hitting portion 501.
  • the difference in thickness between the first hitting portion 501 and the second hitting portion 502 is preferably twice or more. According to this, since the first percussion instrument 501 and the second percussion part 502 are integrally formed of one material, the electronic percussion instrument 500 can stabilize the difference in frequency of vibration caused by the percussion.
  • the first hitting portion 501 and the second hitting portion 502 may be configured separately from each other.
  • the electronic percussion instrument 100 includes three head sensors 133 and three rim sensors 122. However, at least one head sensor 133 and one rim sensor 122 may be provided.
  • the signal processing device 200 is provided separately from the electronic percussion instrument 100.
  • the signal processing device 200 may be built in the electronic percussion instrument 100.
  • the rim sensor 122 is indirectly provided on the shell 103 via the sensor support 120.
  • the rim sensor 122 may be provided directly on the inner wall surface of the shell 103 or the like. That is, the common tapping sensor is a tapping portion that supports both the first tapping portion 107 and the second tapping portion 114 in a physically connected state so that each vibration from the first tapping portion 107 and the second tapping portion 114 is transmitted. What is necessary is just to be provided in the support body.
  • the musical sound signal generation program is configured to determine whether or not the first hitting portion 107 is struck in step S110 after determining whether or not the head 101 is struck in step S104.
  • the musical tone signal generation program executes the counting process of the vibration frequency A in step S108 before the determination process of whether or not the head 101 is struck, and then executes the above step S110 so that the vibration frequency A is equal to or greater than the threshold value.
  • a musical tone signal representing the second musical tone is generated and output on the assumption that the second hitting unit 114 has been hit.
  • the musical sound signal generation program determines whether or not the head 101 is hit or whether the first hitting unit 107 is hit or not.
  • a musical tone signal representing a musical tone is generated and output.
  • the musical sound signal generation program is when the difference between the peak values of the head sensor detection signal output from the head sensor 133 and the rim sensor detection signal output from the rim sensor 122 is not significant (for example, performance by weak hitting). Even in this case, it is possible to determine each hit more accurately.
  • the musical tone signal generation program generates the second musical tone as if the second hitting unit 114 was hit in step S114 when the hitting of the first hitting unit 107 is not determined in step S110. Configured to do. However, the musical sound signal generation program can also perform the determination of the hit of the first hitting unit 107 and the determination of the hit of the second hitting unit 114 independently.
  • control unit 203 assumes the number of vertices of a waveform equal to or greater than a predetermined value H within a predetermined time T of the vibration waveform at the time of each hit of the first hitting unit 107 and the second hitting unit 114 together with an allowable range. Each is stored as a value.
  • the musical sound signal generation program compares the assumed value of the first hitting unit 107 with the frequency A calculated in step S108, and if the frequency A is included in the assumed value, the first hitting unit It is determined that 107 has been struck, and a musical tone signal representing the first musical tone is generated and output.
  • the musical sound signal generation program determines that the first hitting unit 107 is not hit. Then, the musical sound signal generation program compares the assumed value of the second hitting unit 114 with the frequency A calculated in step S108, and if the frequency A is included in the assumed value, the second hitting unit 114. Is determined to have been struck and a musical tone signal representing the second musical tone is generated and output. On the other hand, when it is determined that the second hitting unit 114 is not hit, the musical tone signal generation program returns to step S102. Thereby, the musical tone signal generation program can utter the first musical tone and the second musical tone more accurately.
  • the electronic percussion instrument 100 is constituted by a snare drum type electronic drum.
  • the electronic percussion instrument 100 can be widely applied to electronic musical instruments that generate electronic musical tones by detecting vibrations and pressure changes of the striking surface when hit or rubbed with a hand or a stick. Therefore, the electronic percussion instrument 100 can also be configured as an electronic cymbal, hi-hat, bass drum, tom tom, floor tom or percussion.
  • Rim sensor 123 ... Phone terminal, DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 130 ... Cover body, 131 ... Support part, 132 ... Side wall part, 133 ... Head sensor, 134 ... Cushion body, DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 200 ... Signal processing apparatus, 201 ... Power supply part, 202 ... A / D converter, 203 ... Control part, 203a ... Operation panel, 204 ... PCM sound source part, 205 ... D / A converter, 206 ... Amplifier, 207 ... External Speaker, 301, 501... First hitting portion, 302, 401, 502... Second hitting portion.

Abstract

The present invention provides an electronic percussion instrument capable of creating a sound by accurately identifying the position hit by a player even when the instrument has an inflexible hitting surface where the entire hitting surface does not deflect when hit or when the player plays the instrument while blocking deflections of the hitting surface. An electronic percussion instrument 100 includes, on a tubular shell 103 that supports a head 101, a hoop 106, a second hitting part 114, and a rim sensor 122. A first hitting part 107 made up of an elastomer material is provided at the upper edge of the hoop 106. The second hitting part 114 is made up of a sheet-like wood material that is bent along the upper edge of the hoop 106. A signal processing device 200 electrically connected to the rim sensor 122 determines whether the first hitting part 107 or the second hitting part 114 was hit by using the difference in frequencies per time unit between the frequency generated by hitting the first hitting part 107 and the frequency generated by hitting the second hitting part 114.

Description

電子打楽器Electronic percussion instrument
　本発明は、手、スティックまたはビータなどで叩かれた打面の衝撃を検出して電子的な楽音を発生させる電子打楽器に関する。 The present invention relates to an electronic percussion instrument that generates an electronic musical tone by detecting the impact of a hit surface hit with a hand, a stick, or a beater.
　従来から、手、スティックまたはビータなどで叩かれた打面の衝撃を検出して電子的な楽音を発生させる電子打楽器がある。例えば、下記特許文献１には、網状ヘッドへの叩打位置を打撃検出手段が出力する電気信号の立ち上り部の半波に基づいて特定して楽音を派生させる電子ドラムからなる電子打楽器装置が開示されている。 Conventionally, there is an electronic percussion instrument that generates an electronic musical sound by detecting the impact of a hit surface hit with a hand, a stick or a beater. For example, Patent Document 1 below discloses an electronic percussion instrument device including an electronic drum that derives a musical sound by specifying a hit position on a mesh head based on a half wave of a rising portion of an electrical signal output by a hit detection means. ing.
特開平１０－２０８５４号公報Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-20854
　しかしながら、上記特許文献１に記載された電子打楽器装置においては、テンションが張られた網状ヘッドの叩打時に叩打位置を中心として網状ヘッド全体が錘状に撓み変形することに着目して叩打位置を検出しているため、叩打時に打面全体が撓み変形しない打面または演奏時に手を打面に置いて撓み変形を阻害した演奏形態などでは叩打位置を正確に特定することができないという問題がある。 However, in the electronic percussion instrument described in Patent Document 1, the hitting position is detected by paying attention to the fact that the entire mesh head is bent and deformed around the hitting position when the tensioned mesh head is hit. For this reason, there is a problem that the hitting position cannot be accurately specified on a hitting surface in which the entire hitting surface is not bent and deformed at the time of hitting, or on a performance form in which a hand is placed on the hitting surface at the time of playing and the bending deformation is inhibited.
　本発明は上記問題に対処するためなされたもので、その目的は、叩打時に打面全体が撓み変形しない非可撓性の打面または撓み変形を阻害した演奏形態においても演奏者による叩打位置を正確に特定して楽音を発生させることができる電子打楽器を提供することにある。 The present invention has been made to address the above-mentioned problems, and its purpose is to determine the hitting position by the performer even in a non-flexible hitting surface in which the entire hitting surface is not flexed and deformed when hitting or in a performance form that hinders deformation. An object of the present invention is to provide an electronic percussion instrument that can accurately specify and generate musical sounds.
　上記目的を達成するため、本発明の特徴は、演奏者によって叩打される第１叩打部と、第１叩打部とは異なる位置に同第１叩打部とは異なる固有振動数を有して設けられて演奏者によって叩打される第２叩打部と、第１叩打部および第２叩打部に物理的に繋がった状態で共に支持する叩打部支持体と、叩打部支持体に設けられて第１叩打部および第２叩打部の各叩打によって生じる振動を検出して同振動に対応する検出信号を出力する共通叩打センサと、前記検出信号を用いて第１叩打部および第２叩打部の各叩打にそれぞれ対応する楽音信号を生成する制御部とを有し、制御部は、第１叩打部の叩打によって生じた振動と第２叩打部の叩打によって生じた振動とにおける周期、波長または単位時間当たりの振動数の差を用いて第１叩打部または第２叩打部の叩打を特定して同特定した叩打に応じた楽音信号を生成することにある。 In order to achieve the above object, a feature of the present invention is that a first hitting portion hit by a player and a natural frequency different from that of the first hitting portion are provided at positions different from the first hitting portion. A second hitting unit that is hit by a player, a hitting unit support that supports the first hitting unit and the second hitting unit in a state of being physically connected to the first hitting unit, and a first hitting unit support provided on the hitting unit support. A common tapping sensor that detects a vibration generated by each tapping of the tapping portion and the second tapping portion and outputs a detection signal corresponding to the vibration, and each tapping of the first tapping portion and the second tapping portion using the detection signal. And a control unit that generates a musical sound signal corresponding to each of the first and second percussion periods, wavelengths, or unit times of vibration generated by the hitting of the first hitting unit and vibration generated by the hitting of the second hitting unit. The first striking part using the difference in frequency Other is to generate a musical tone signal corresponding to the beating identified to the particular beating of the second beating section.
　この場合、共通叩打センサは、叩打部支持体に直接設けられた構成のほか、第１叩打部および第２叩打部の各振動が伝達されるように構成されていれば他の部品を介して間接的に設けられた場合も含むものである。また、電子打楽器には、電子的なバスドラム、スネアドラム、タムタムおよびフロアタムなどの電子ドラム、電子シンバルまたは電子ハイハットなどがある。 In this case, the common tapping sensor has a configuration in which each vibration of the first tapping portion and the second tapping portion is transmitted, in addition to the configuration directly provided on the tapping portion support, through other components. This includes cases where it is provided indirectly. Electronic percussion instruments include electronic bass drums, snare drums, electronic drums such as tom toms and floor toms, electronic cymbals or electronic hi-hats.
　このように構成した本発明の特徴によれば、電子打楽器においては、第１叩打部と第２叩打部とを互いに異なる固有振動数を有して構成して第１叩打部へ叩打と第２叩打部への叩打とを叩打によって生じた振動における周期、波長または単位時間当たりの振動数の差を用いて判別しているため、叩打時に打面全体が撓み変形しない非可撓性の打面または撓み変形を阻害した演奏形態においても演奏者による叩打位置を正確に特定して楽音を発生させることができる。 According to the characteristics of the present invention configured as described above, in the electronic percussion instrument, the first hitting portion and the second hitting portion are configured to have different natural frequencies, and the first hitting portion and the second hitting portion are configured. Non-flexible striking surface where the entire striking surface is not deflected and deformed when striking because it is determined using the difference in period, wavelength or frequency per unit time in the vibration generated by striking. Alternatively, even in a performance form in which the bending deformation is hindered, it is possible to accurately specify the hit position by the performer and generate a musical sound.
　また、本発明の他の特徴は、前記電子打楽器において、叩打部支持体は、ドラムにおけるヘッドを支持する筒状のシェルを構成していることにある。 Further, another feature of the present invention is that in the electronic percussion instrument, the hitting portion support constitutes a cylindrical shell that supports the head of the drum.
　このように構成した本発明の他の特徴によれば、電子打楽器は、叩打部支持体がドラムにおけるヘッドを支持する筒状のシェルを構成しているため、シェルに物理的に繋がった打面となる部品、例えば、ヘッドまたはフープを第１叩打部または第２叩打部として互いに判別することができる。 According to another feature of the present invention configured as described above, the electronic percussion instrument has a hitting surface physically connected to the shell because the hitting part support body constitutes a cylindrical shell that supports the head of the drum. Such components, for example, the head or the hoop, can be distinguished from each other as the first hitting portion or the second hitting portion.
　また、本発明の他の特徴は、前記電子打楽器において、第１叩打部および第２叩打部は、互いに異なる硬度で構成されていることにある。 Another feature of the present invention is that, in the electronic percussion instrument, the first hitting portion and the second hitting portion are configured with different hardnesses.
　このように構成した本発明の他の特徴によれば、電子打楽器は、第１叩打部および第２叩打部が互いに異なる硬度で構成されているため、第１叩打部と第２叩打部との間で明確な固有振動数の違いを簡単に与えることができるとともに、演奏者に第１叩打部の叩打時と第２叩打部の叩打時とで互いに異なる叩打感を与えて演奏感を高めることができる。 According to another feature of the present invention configured as described above, the electronic percussion instrument is configured so that the first hitting portion and the second hitting portion have different hardnesses. It is possible to easily give a clear difference in natural frequency between the two, and to give the player a different feeling of hitting at the time of hitting the first hitting part and at the time of hitting the second hitting part. Can do.
　また、本発明の他の特徴は、前記電子打楽器において、第１叩打部および第２叩打部は、互いに異なる材質で構成されていることにある。 Another feature of the present invention is that, in the electronic percussion instrument, the first hitting portion and the second hitting portion are made of different materials.
　このように構成した本発明の他の特徴によれば、電子打楽器は、第１叩打部および第２叩打部が互いに異なる材質で構成されているため、第１叩打部と第２叩打部との間で明確な固有振動数の違いを簡単に与えることができるとともに、第１叩打部と第２叩打部とを視覚的に異ならせて両者間での叩打の間違いを防止して演奏し易くすることができる。 According to another feature of the present invention configured as described above, the electronic percussion instrument is composed of different materials for the first hitting portion and the second hitting portion. It is possible to easily give a clear difference in natural frequency between the first hitting portion and the second hitting portion visually, thereby preventing mistakes in hitting between the two and facilitating performance. be able to.
　また、本発明の他の特徴は、前記電子打楽器において、第１叩打部および第２叩打部は、互いに異なる厚さで形成されていることにある。 Further, another feature of the present invention is that in the electronic percussion instrument, the first hitting portion and the second hitting portion are formed with different thicknesses.
　このように構成した本発明の他の特徴によれば、電子打楽器は、第１叩打部および第２叩打部が互いに異なる厚さで構成されているため、第１叩打部と第２叩打部とが互いに同一の材質で構成されている場合には材料点数を減らして効率的に第１叩打部および第２叩打部をそれぞれ構成できるとともに、第１叩打部と第２叩打部とが互いに異なる材質で構成されている場合には固有振動数の違いをより顕著にすることができる。 According to another feature of the present invention configured as described above, the electronic percussion instrument is configured so that the first hitting portion and the second hitting portion have different thicknesses. Are made of the same material as each other, the number of material points can be reduced to efficiently constitute the first hitting portion and the second hitting portion, and the first hitting portion and the second hitting portion are different from each other. The difference in natural frequency can be made more conspicuous in the case of
　また、本発明の他の特徴は、前記電子打楽器において、第１叩打部は、ドラムのヘッドの周囲に設けられたフープの少なくとも一部を構成しており、第２叩打部は、フープにおける他の一部を構成していることにある。 Another feature of the present invention is that, in the electronic percussion instrument, the first hitting portion constitutes at least a part of a hoop provided around the head of the drum, and the second hitting portion is the other in the hoop. That is part of
　このように構成した本発明の他の特徴によれば、電子打楽器は、第１叩打部がドラムのヘッドの周囲に設けられたフープの少なくとも一部を構成しているとともに第２叩打部がフープにおける他の一部を構成しているため、同一のフープ内で楽音の鳴らし分けを行うことができ楽器としての表現力を向上させることができる。 According to another aspect of the present invention configured as described above, the electronic percussion instrument has the first hitting portion constituting at least a part of a hoop provided around the head of the drum and the second hitting portion being the hoop. Therefore, the musical sound can be divided in the same hoop, and the expressive power as a musical instrument can be improved.
　また、本発明の他の特徴は、前記電子打楽器において、第１叩打部は、ドラムのヘッドの周囲に設けられたフープの少なくとも一部を構成しており、第２叩打部は、板状に形成されてフープに隣接して設けられていることにある。 Another feature of the present invention is that, in the electronic percussion instrument, the first hitting portion constitutes at least a part of a hoop provided around the drum head, and the second hitting portion has a plate shape. It is formed and provided adjacent to the hoop.
　このように構成した本発明の他の特徴によれば、電子打楽器は、第１叩打部がドラムのヘッドの周囲に設けられたフープの少なくとも一部を構成しているとともに第２叩打部が板状に形成されてフープに隣接して設けられているため、フープとの叩き間違いを防止しながらフープと近い感覚で第２叩打部を叩打でき自然な演奏感で楽器としての表現力を向上させることができる。 According to another aspect of the present invention configured as described above, the electronic percussion instrument includes the first hitting portion constituting at least a part of a hoop provided around the head of the drum and the second hitting portion being a plate. Because it is formed in a shape and is provided adjacent to the hoop, the second hitting portion can be hit with a sense close to that of the hoop while preventing mistakes in hitting with the hoop, thereby improving the expressive power of the instrument as a natural performance. be able to.
本発明の一実施形態に係る電子打楽器の外観構成の概略を示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view showing the outline of the appearance composition of the electronic percussion instrument concerning one embodiment of the present invention. 図１に示す電子打楽器の内部構成の概略を示す一部破断断面図である。It is a partially broken sectional view which shows the outline of the internal structure of the electronic percussion instrument shown in FIG. 図１示す電子打楽器に電気的に接続される信号処理装置の構成を示すブロック図である。It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the signal processing apparatus electrically connected to the electronic percussion instrument shown in FIG. 図３に示す信号処理装置が実行する楽音信号生成プログラムの処理の流れを示すフローチャートである。It is a flowchart which shows the flow of a process of the musical tone signal generation program which the signal processing apparatus shown in FIG. 3 performs. （Ａ），（Ｂ）は、第１叩打部および第２叩打部からそれぞれ出力される検出信号が表す振動波形を示しており、（Ａ）は第１叩打部から出力される検出信号が表す振動波形を示しており、（Ｂ）は第２叩打部から出力される検出信号が表す振動波形を示している。(A), (B) has shown the vibration waveform which the detection signal each output from a 1st hitting part and a 2nd hitting part represents, (A) represents the detection signal output from a 1st hitting part. The vibration waveform is shown, (B) has shown the vibration waveform which the detection signal output from a 2nd hit | damage part represents. 本発明の変形例に係る電子打楽器の外観構成の概略を示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows the outline of the external appearance structure of the electronic percussion instrument which concerns on the modification of this invention. 本発明の他の変形例に係る電子打楽器の外観構成の概略を示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows the outline of the external appearance structure of the electronic percussion instrument which concerns on the other modification of this invention. 本発明の他の変形例に係る電子打楽器の外観構成の概略を示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows the outline of the external appearance structure of the electronic percussion instrument which concerns on the other modification of this invention.
　以下、本発明に係る電子打楽器の一実施形態について図面を参照しながら説明する。図１は、本発明に係る電子打楽器１００の外観構成の概略を示した斜視図である。また、図２は、図１に示す電子打楽器１００の内部構成の概略を示す一部破断断面図である。また、図３は、図１示す電子打楽器１００に電気的に接続される信号処理装置２００の構成を示すブロック図である。なお、本明細書において参照する図は、本発明の理解を容易にするために一部の構成要素を誇張して表わすなど模式的に表している。このため、各構成要素間の寸法や比率などは異なっていることがある。この電子打楽器１００は、演奏者（図示せず）がスティック（図示せず）を介して叩いた打面１０１ａの衝撃を検出して電子的な楽音を発生させるスネアドラム型の電子ドラムである。 Hereinafter, an embodiment of an electronic percussion instrument according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an outline of an external configuration of an electronic percussion instrument 100 according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a partially cutaway sectional view showing an outline of the internal configuration of the electronic percussion instrument 100 shown in FIG. FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a signal processing device 200 electrically connected to the electronic percussion instrument 100 shown in FIG. Note that the drawings referred to in this specification are schematically shown by exaggerating some of the components in order to facilitate understanding of the present invention. For this reason, the dimension, ratio, etc. between each component may differ. The electronic percussion instrument 100 is a snare drum type electronic drum that generates an electronic musical tone by detecting the impact of a hitting surface 101a hit by a performer (not shown) through a stick (not shown).
　（電子打楽器１００の構成）
　電子打楽器１００は、ヘッド１０１を備えている。ヘッド１０１は、演奏者によるスティック操作で叩かれることで振動および弾性変形する部品であり、布材または樹脂材をシート状または薄板状に形成して構成されている。具体的には、ヘッド１０１は、透明または半透明の樹脂製のシート材または薄板材、またはメッシュ状に形成した布材または樹脂材で構成されている。本実施形態においては、ヘッド１０１は、メッシュ状のシート体を平面視で円形に形成して構成されている。このヘッド１０１は、外縁部がヘッド枠１０２によって保持されている。 (Configuration of electronic percussion instrument 100)
The electronic percussion instrument 100 includes a head 101. The head 101 is a component that vibrates and elastically deforms when hit by a stick operation by a player, and is configured by forming a cloth material or a resin material into a sheet shape or a thin plate shape. Specifically, the head 101 is composed of a transparent or translucent resin sheet material or thin plate material, or a cloth material or resin material formed in a mesh shape. In the present embodiment, the head 101 is configured by forming a mesh-like sheet body into a circle in a plan view. The outer edge of the head 101 is held by a head frame 102.
　ヘッド枠１０２は、ヘッド１０１をシェル１０３上にテンションを張った状態で配置するために部品であり、金属材または樹脂材を環状に形成して構成されている。このヘッド枠１０２は、ヘッド１０１の外縁部を保持した状態でシェル１０３の外周部に嵌合している。この場合、ヘッド枠１０２は、環状の上面がフープ１０６によって押さえられている。 The head frame 102 is a component for arranging the head 101 on the shell 103 in a tensioned state, and is configured by forming a metal material or a resin material in an annular shape. The head frame 102 is fitted to the outer periphery of the shell 103 while holding the outer edge of the head 101. In this case, the upper surface of the head frame 102 is pressed by the hoop 106.
　シェル１０３は、ヘッド１０１、センサ支持体１２０および覆い体１３０をそれぞれ支持する部品であり、金属材、樹脂材または木材を円筒状に形成して構成されている。このシェル１０３は、一方（図示上側）の端部がヘッド１０１によって閉塞されているとともに、他方（図示下側）の端部がシェルカバー１１０によって閉塞されている。これにより、ヘッド１０１は、シェル１０３の外側に露出する面が打面１０１ａを構成するとともにシェル１０３の内側に面する面が裏面１０１ｂを構成する。このシェル１０３の外周面には、ラグ１０４、カバーラグ１０５および第２叩打部１１４がそれぞれ設けられている。 The shell 103 is a component that supports the head 101, the sensor support 120, and the cover 130, and is configured by forming a metal material, a resin material, or wood into a cylindrical shape. One end (upper side in the figure) of the shell 103 is closed by the head 101, and the other end (lower side in the figure) is closed by the shell cover 110. Thus, in the head 101, the surface exposed to the outside of the shell 103 constitutes the striking surface 101a, and the surface facing the inside of the shell 103 constitutes the back surface 101b. A lug 104, a cover lug 105, and a second hitting portion 114 are provided on the outer peripheral surface of the shell 103, respectively.
　ラグ１０４は、フープ１０６をヘッド枠１０２の上面に押し付けるための部品であり、シェル１０３の外周面上に張り出した状態で設けられている。より具体的には、ラグ１０４は、シェル１０３の径方向外側に張り出した状態で軸方向に延びる金属製のブロック体で構成されており、このブロック体におけるヘッド枠１０２側（図示上側）の端面にシェル１０３の軸方向に延びる穴内に雌ネジ（図示せず）が形成されている。すなわち、ラグ１０４は、前記雌ネジにフープ１０６を貫通するテンションボルト１０８が捩じ込まれることでフープ１０６を固定的に支持している。 The lug 104 is a part for pressing the hoop 106 against the upper surface of the head frame 102, and is provided in a state of overhanging on the outer peripheral surface of the shell 103. More specifically, the lug 104 is composed of a metal block body extending in the axial direction in a state of projecting outward in the radial direction of the shell 103, and an end surface of the block body on the head frame 102 side (the upper side in the drawing). A female screw (not shown) is formed in a hole extending in the axial direction of the shell 103. That is, the lug 104 fixedly supports the hoop 106 by the tension bolt 108 passing through the hoop 106 being screwed into the female screw.
　また、ラグ１０４は、シェル１０３に対向する面にシェル１０３の側面に嵌合する円筒状の２つボス部（図示せず）を有しており、このボス部を介してセンサ支持体１２０が支持されている。このラグ１０４は、本実施形態においては、ラグ１０４は、シェル１０３の周方向に沿って互いに略均等な間隔で８つ形成されている。 In addition, the lug 104 has two cylindrical boss portions (not shown) that fit on the side surface of the shell 103 on the surface facing the shell 103, and the sensor support 120 is inserted through the boss portion. It is supported. In the present embodiment, eight lugs 104 are formed at substantially equal intervals along the circumferential direction of the shell 103 in the present embodiment.
　カバーラグ１０５は、ラグ１０４と同様に、後述するカバーフープ１１２をカバー枠１１１の上面に押し付けるための部品であり、シェル１０３の外周面上に張り出した状態で設けられている。より具体的には、カバーラグ１０５は、シェル１０３の径方向外側に張り出した状態で軸方向に延びる金属製のブロック体で構成されており、このブロック体におけるカバー枠側（図示上側）の端面にシェル１０３の軸方向に延びる穴内に雌ネジ（図示せず）が形成されている。本実施形態においては、カバーラグ１０５は、ラグ１０４に隣接した位置にシェル１０３の周方向に沿って互いに略均等な間隔で８つ形成されている。 Similarly to the lug 104, the cover lug 105 is a part for pressing a later-described cover hoop 112 against the upper surface of the cover frame 111, and is provided in a state of protruding on the outer peripheral surface of the shell 103. More specifically, the cover lug 105 is composed of a metal block body that extends in the axial direction in a state of projecting outward in the radial direction of the shell 103, and is formed on an end surface of the block body on the cover frame side (the upper side in the drawing). A female screw (not shown) is formed in a hole extending in the axial direction of the shell 103. In the present embodiment, eight cover lugs 105 are formed at positions adjacent to the lugs 104 at substantially equal intervals along the circumferential direction of the shell 103.
　フープ１０６は、ヘッド枠１０２の上面を押してヘッド１０１をシェル１０３上で張るための部品であり、金属材を段付きの円筒状に形成して構成されている。より具体的には、フープ１０６は、一方（図示上側）の端部側がヘッド１０１の上面から図示上方に突出して延びるとともに、他方（図示下側）の端部側が径方向外側に張り出してヘッド枠１０２の外側面を覆う円筒状に形成されている。そして、フープ１０６の上部には、第１叩打部１０７が設けられている。このフープ１０６は、前記他方の端部側における径方向外側に張り出した部分がテンションボルト１０８を介してラグ１０４に取り付けられている。 The hoop 106 is a component for pushing the upper surface of the head frame 102 to stretch the head 101 on the shell 103, and is configured by forming a metal material into a stepped cylindrical shape. More specifically, the hoop 106 has one end (upper side in the drawing) extending from the upper surface of the head 101 so as to protrude upward in the drawing, and the other (lower side in the drawing) is projecting radially outward to the head frame. It is formed in a cylindrical shape covering the outer surface of 102. A first hitting portion 107 is provided on the upper portion of the hoop 106. The hoop 106 is attached to the lug 104 via a tension bolt 108 at a portion projecting radially outward on the other end side.
　第１叩打部１０７は、フープ１０６の上縁部を覆うとともに演奏者のスティック操作によって叩打される部品であり、ヘッド１０１より上方のフープ１０６の上縁部が嵌合する凹部を有した円環状に形成されている。この第１叩打部１０７は、本実施形態においては、弾力性を有したエラストマ材で構成されている。すなわち、第１叩打部１０７は、フープ１０６の上縁部に弾性的に嵌め込まれている。 The first hitting portion 107 is a component that covers the upper edge portion of the hoop 106 and is hit by a player's stick operation, and has an annular shape having a recess into which the upper edge portion of the hoop 106 above the head 101 is fitted. Is formed. In the present embodiment, the first hitting portion 107 is made of an elastic material having elasticity. That is, the first hitting portion 107 is elastically fitted to the upper edge portion of the hoop 106.
　また、第１叩打部１０７を構成するエラストマ材は、演奏者がスティックなどで叩打した際に弾性変形する弾力性を有するゴム材または樹脂材であり、より具体的には、熱硬化性エラストマ材（例えば、加硫ゴム、ウレタンゴム、シリコーンゴム、フッ素ゴムなど）、熱可塑性エラストマ材（例えば、スチレン系、オレフィン系、塩ビ系、ウレタン系またはアミド系の各樹脂など）がある。なお、このフープ１０６の環状の上端部および第１叩打部１０７が演奏者によって叩打されるリムである。 The elastomer material constituting the first hitting portion 107 is a rubber material or a resin material having elasticity that elastically deforms when the player strikes with a stick or the like, and more specifically, a thermosetting elastomer material. (For example, vulcanized rubber, urethane rubber, silicone rubber, fluororubber, etc.) and thermoplastic elastomer materials (for example, styrene-based, olefin-based, vinyl chloride-based, urethane-based or amide-based resins). The annular upper end portion of the hoop 106 and the first hitting portion 107 are rims hit by the player.
　テンションボルト１０８は、フープ１０６をヘッド枠１０２の上面に押さえ付けるとともに第２叩打部１１４をシェル１０３に取り付けるための部品であり、金属製の軸体の外周部に雄ネジが形成されたボルトで構成されている。このテンションボルト１０８は、フープ１０６における外径が張り出した部分を貫通した状態でラグ１０４の雌ネジ部分に締め付けられている。これにより、ヘッド１０１は、ヘッド枠１０２がラグ１０４側に引っ張られることによりシェル１０３の端部に押し付けられて平らな膜状に張られた状態となる。 The tension bolt 108 is a part for pressing the hoop 106 against the upper surface of the head frame 102 and attaching the second hitting portion 114 to the shell 103. The tension bolt 108 is a bolt in which a male screw is formed on the outer peripheral portion of a metal shaft body. It is configured. The tension bolt 108 is fastened to the female thread portion of the lug 104 in a state where the tension bolt 108 penetrates a portion where the outer diameter of the hoop 106 protrudes. As a result, the head 101 is pressed against the end of the shell 103 by the head frame 102 being pulled toward the lug 104 and is stretched into a flat film shape.
　シェルカバー１１０は、シェル１０３におけるヘッド１０１側とは反対側を覆うための部品であり、布材または樹脂材をシート状または薄板状に形成して構成されている。本実施形態においては、シェルカバー１１０は、ヘッド１０１と同様に、メッシュ状のシート体を平面視で円形に形成して構成されている。このシェルカバー１１０は、外縁部がカバー枠１１１によって保持されている。 The shell cover 110 is a component for covering the opposite side of the shell 103 to the head 101 side, and is configured by forming a cloth material or a resin material into a sheet shape or a thin plate shape. In the present embodiment, the shell cover 110 is configured by forming a mesh-like sheet body in a circular shape in plan view, like the head 101. The outer edge of the shell cover 110 is held by a cover frame 111.
　カバー枠１１１は、前記ヘッド枠１０２と同様に、シェルカバー１１０をシェル１０３上にテンションを張った状態で配置するために部品であり、金属材または樹脂材を環状に形成して構成されている。このカバー枠１１１は、シェルカバー１１０の外縁部を保持した状態でシェル１０３の外周部に嵌合している。この場合、カバー枠１１１は、環状の下面がカバーフープ１１２によって押さえられている。 Like the head frame 102, the cover frame 111 is a component for placing the shell cover 110 on the shell 103 in a tensioned state, and is configured by forming a metal material or a resin material in an annular shape. . The cover frame 111 is fitted to the outer peripheral portion of the shell 103 while holding the outer edge portion of the shell cover 110. In this case, the cover frame 111 has an annular lower surface pressed by the cover hoop 112.
　カバーフープ１１２は、前記フープ１０６と同様に、カバー枠１１１の下面を押してシェルカバー１１０をシェル１０３上で張るための部品であり、金属材を段付きの円筒状に形成して構成されている。より具体的には、カバーフープ１１２は、一方（図示下側）の端部側がシェルカバー１１０の下面から図示下方に突出して延びるとともに、他方（図示上側）の端部側が径方向外側に張り出してカバー枠１１１の外側面を覆う円筒状に形成されている。このカバーフープ１１２は、前記他方の端部側におけり径方向外側に張り出した部分がカバーテンションボルト１１３を介してカバーラグ１０５に取り付けられている。 Similar to the hoop 106, the cover hoop 112 is a part for pushing the lower surface of the cover frame 111 to stretch the shell cover 110 on the shell 103, and is configured by forming a metal material into a stepped cylindrical shape. . More specifically, the cover hoop 112 has one end (the lower side in the figure) extending from the lower surface of the shell cover 110 so as to protrude downward in the figure, and the other end (the upper side in the figure) projecting radially outward. It is formed in a cylindrical shape that covers the outer surface of the cover frame 111. The cover hoop 112 is attached to the cover lug 105 through a cover tension bolt 113 at a portion projecting radially outward on the other end side.
　カバーテンションボルト１１３は、前記テンションボルト１０８と同様に、カバーフープ１１２をカバー枠１１１の下面に押さえ付けるための部品であり、金属製の軸体の外周部に雄ネジが形成されたボルトで構成されている。このカバーテンションボルト１１３は、カバーフープ１１２における外径が張り出した部分を貫通した状態でカバーラグ１０５の雌ネジ部分に締め付けられている。これにより、シェルカバー１１０は、カバー枠１１１がカバーラグ１０５側に引っ張られることによりシェル１０３の端部に押し付けられて平らな膜状に張られた状態となる。 Similar to the tension bolt 108, the cover tension bolt 113 is a part for pressing the cover hoop 112 against the lower surface of the cover frame 111. The cover tension bolt 113 is a bolt having a male shaft formed on the outer periphery of a metal shaft. Has been. The cover tension bolt 113 is fastened to the female screw portion of the cover lug 105 in a state of passing through a portion where the outer diameter of the cover hoop 112 protrudes. As a result, the shell cover 110 is pressed against the end of the shell 103 by the cover frame 111 being pulled toward the cover lug 105 and is in a state of being stretched into a flat film.
　第２叩打部１１４は、演奏者のスティック操作によって叩打される部品であり、第１叩打部１０７と異なる位置に同第１叩打部１０７とは異なる固有振動数を有して構成されている。具体的には、第２叩打部１１４は、第１叩打部１０７の外側の位置にシェル１０３およびフープ１０６に沿う円弧状に湾曲した木製の板状体で構成されている。この場合、第２叩打部１１４は、第１叩打部１０７の上面よりも上方に張り出して形成されている。この第２叩打部１１４は、金属製の取付具１１５を介してテンションボルト１０８によってフープ１０６に取り付けられている。 The second hitting part 114 is a part hit by a player's stick operation, and is configured to have a natural frequency different from that of the first hitting part 107 at a position different from the first hitting part 107. Specifically, the second hitting portion 114 is formed of a wooden plate-like body that is curved in an arc shape along the shell 103 and the hoop 106 at a position outside the first hitting portion 107. In this case, the second hitting portion 114 is formed to protrude upward from the upper surface of the first hitting portion 107. The second hitting portion 114 is attached to the hoop 106 by a tension bolt 108 via a metal attachment 115.
　これにより、第２叩打部１１４は、取付具１１５、テンションボルト１０８、フープ１０６およびラグ１０４を介してシェル１０３に取り付けられている。すなわち、シェル１０３は、第１叩打部１０７および第２叩打部１１４に物理的に繋がった状態でこれらを共に支持しており、本発明に係る叩打部支持体に相当する。 Thus, the second hitting portion 114 is attached to the shell 103 via the attachment 115, the tension bolt 108, the hoop 106, and the lug 104. That is, the shell 103 supports both the first hitting portion 107 and the second hitting portion 114 in a state of being physically connected, and corresponds to the hitting portion support according to the present invention.
　一方、シェル１０３の内周面には、センサ支持体１２０および覆い体１３０がそれぞれ設けられている。センサ支持体１２０は、シェル１０３内でリムセンサ１２２を支持するための部品であり、金属材（鋼板または非鉄金属など）または樹脂材を平板リング状に形成して構成されている。本実施形態においては、センサ支持体１２０は、フープ１０６からの振動の伝達性が良好な金属材を用いて構成されている。このセンサ支持体１２０は、外径がシェル１０３の内径よりも小さく形成されてセンサ支持体１２０の外周部がシェル１０３の内周面に接しない大きさに形成されている。 On the other hand, a sensor support 120 and a cover 130 are provided on the inner peripheral surface of the shell 103, respectively. The sensor support 120 is a component for supporting the rim sensor 122 in the shell 103, and is configured by forming a metal material (such as a steel plate or a non-ferrous metal) or a resin material into a flat ring shape. In the present embodiment, the sensor support 120 is configured using a metal material that has good transmission of vibration from the hoop 106. The sensor support 120 is formed so that the outer diameter is smaller than the inner diameter of the shell 103 and the outer periphery of the sensor support 120 is not in contact with the inner peripheral surface of the shell 103.
　また、センサ支持体１２０の内径は、ヘッド１０１の中央部分に達しない大きさに形成されている。この場合、ヘッド１０１の中央部とは、ヘッド１０１における演奏者が主に叩打する部分であり、ヘッド１０１の中心を中心としてヘッドの外径（直径）の２／３の直径の円内の領域である。このセンサ支持体１２０は、取付具１２１を介してシェル１０３を挟んだ状態でラグ１０４に連結されている。 Further, the inner diameter of the sensor support 120 is formed so as not to reach the center portion of the head 101. In this case, the central portion of the head 101 is a portion where the performer mainly hits the head 101, and is an area within a circle having a diameter that is 2/3 of the outer diameter (diameter) of the head centering on the center of the head 101. It is. The sensor support 120 is connected to the lug 104 with the shell 103 interposed therebetween via a fixture 121.
　取付具１２１は、センサ支持体１２０および覆い体１３０をそれぞれシェル１０３を挟んだ状態でラグ１０４に連結するための部品であり、金属製（鋼板または非鉄金属など）または樹脂製の板状体の両端部をそれぞれ屈曲させた形状（換言すれば、断面がコ字状）に形成して構成されている。この場合、取付具１２１は、金属製のネジ１２１ａを介してラグ１０４に取り付けられている。また、センサ支持体１２０および覆い体１３０は、金属製のネジ（図示せず）を介して取付具１２１に取り付けられている。 The fixture 121 is a component for connecting the sensor support 120 and the cover 130 to the lug 104 with the shell 103 interposed therebetween, and is made of a metal plate (such as a steel plate or non-ferrous metal) or a resin plate. Each end portion is formed into a bent shape (in other words, the cross section is U-shaped). In this case, the fixture 121 is attached to the lug 104 via a metal screw 121a. Moreover, the sensor support body 120 and the cover body 130 are attached to the fixture 121 through metal screws (not shown).
　すなわち、センサ支持体１２０は、取付具１２１を介してラグ１０４とともにシェル１０３を挟んだ状態でシェル１０３の内側に取り付けられている。この場合、センサ支持体１２０は、ヘッド１０１と平行な姿勢で取り付けられている。本実施形態においては、センサ支持体１２０は、８つのラグ１０４に対してそれぞれ取付具１２１を介して連結されてシェル１０３の内周面に取り付けられている。この場合、センサ支持体１２０は、シェル１０３の内周面とは非接触の状態で設けられる。 That is, the sensor support 120 is attached to the inside of the shell 103 with the shell 103 sandwiched with the lug 104 via the fixture 121. In this case, the sensor support 120 is attached in a posture parallel to the head 101. In the present embodiment, the sensor support 120 is attached to the inner peripheral surface of the shell 103 by being connected to the eight lugs 104 via the fixtures 121. In this case, the sensor support 120 is provided in a non-contact state with the inner peripheral surface of the shell 103.
　リムセンサ１２２は、演奏者がリムである第１叩打部１０７および第２叩打部１１４をそれぞれ叩打した振動を検出するための検出器であり、センサ支持体１２０の振動に応じた電気信号からなるリムセンサ検出信号を信号処理装置２００に出力する。すなわち、リムセンサ１２２は、本発明に係る共通叩打センサに相当する。このリムセンサ１２２は、本実施形態においては、圧電セラミックスの両面にそれぞれ電極を配置するとともに、これらの電極の一方に金属板を配置したピエゾ素子によって構成されている。 The rim sensor 122 is a detector for detecting vibrations in which the player strikes the first hitting unit 107 and the second hitting unit 114, each of which is a rim. The rim sensor 122 includes an electrical signal corresponding to the vibration of the sensor support 120. The detection signal is output to the signal processing device 200. That is, the rim sensor 122 corresponds to a common tapping sensor according to the present invention. In this embodiment, the rim sensor 122 is constituted by a piezoelectric element in which electrodes are arranged on both surfaces of a piezoelectric ceramic, and a metal plate is arranged on one of these electrodes.
　このリムセンサ１２２は、センサ支持体１２０におけるヘッド１０１に対向する面に周方向に沿って均等な間隔で３つ設けられている。この場合、各リムセンサ１２２は、図示しない両面テープまたは接着剤などによってセンサ支持体１２０上に固着されている。そして、これら３つのリムセンサ１２２は、図示しない配線を介して各リムセンサ検出信号の総和信号を出力するためのフォーン端子１２３に接続されている。フォーン端子１２３は、リムセンサ１２２の３つのリムセンサ検出信号の総和信号および後述するヘッドセンサ１３３の３つのヘッドセンサ検出信号の総和信号をそれぞれ信号処理装置２００などの外部機器に出力するための部品であり、シェル１０３の外側に露出した状態でシェル１０３に取り付けられている。 Three rim sensors 122 are provided at equal intervals along the circumferential direction on the surface of the sensor support 120 facing the head 101. In this case, each rim sensor 122 is fixed on the sensor support 120 with a double-sided tape or an adhesive (not shown). These three rim sensors 122 are connected to a phone terminal 123 for outputting a sum signal of the respective rim sensor detection signals via a wiring (not shown). The phone terminal 123 is a component for outputting a sum signal of three rim sensor detection signals of the rim sensor 122 and a sum signal of three head sensor detection signals of a head sensor 133 described later to an external device such as the signal processing device 200. The shell 103 is attached to the shell 103 so as to be exposed to the outside.
　覆い体１３０は、シェル１０３内でセンサ支持体１２０を覆うとともにヘッドセンサ１３３を支持するための部品であり、金属材（鋼板または非鉄金属など）または樹脂材を平板リング状に形成して構成されている。より具体的には、覆い体１３０は、センサ支持体１２０と平行に延びる平板リング状の支持部１３１と、この支持部１３１の内周部からセンサ支持体１２０側に屈曲して延びる壁状の側壁部１３２とが一体的に形成されて構成されている。本実施形態においては、覆い体１３０は、ヘッド１０１以外からの振動がヘッドセンサ１３３に伝達されることを抑制するため樹脂材で構成されている。 The cover 130 is a component for covering the sensor support 120 in the shell 103 and supporting the head sensor 133, and is configured by forming a metal material (such as a steel plate or a non-ferrous metal) or a resin material into a flat ring shape. ing. More specifically, the cover 130 includes a flat plate ring-shaped support 131 that extends in parallel with the sensor support 120, and a wall-shaped extension that extends from the inner periphery of the support 131 to the sensor support 120. The side wall part 132 is formed integrally. In the present embodiment, the cover 130 is made of a resin material in order to prevent vibrations from other than the head 101 from being transmitted to the head sensor 133.
　この覆い体１３０は、外径および内径はセンサ支持体１２０と同じ大きさに形成されている。この覆い体１３０は、センサ支持体１２０に対してヘッド１０１側であってヘッドセンサ１３３がヘッド１０１に接触するとともにセンサ支持体１２０におけるリムセンサ１２２の支持面を覆うように取付具１２１を介してシェル１０３の内周面に取り付けられている。この場合、覆い体１３０は、シェル１０３の内周面およびセンサ支持体１２０とは非接触の状態で設けられる。 This cover 130 is formed to have the same outer diameter and inner diameter as the sensor support 120. The cover 130 is on the side of the head 101 with respect to the sensor support 120, and the head sensor 133 is in contact with the head 101, and the shell 130 is attached to the sensor support 120 via the fixture 121 so as to cover the support surface of the rim sensor 122. 103 is attached to the inner peripheral surface. In this case, the cover 130 is provided in a non-contact state with the inner peripheral surface of the shell 103 and the sensor support 120.
　ヘッドセンサ１３３は、ヘッド１０１の振動を検出する検出器であり、ヘッド１０１の振動に応じた電気信号からなるヘッドセンサ検出信号を前記フォーン端子１２３に出力する。本実施形態においては、ヘッドセンサ１３３は、ピエゾ素子によって構成されているが、光センサなど他の検出素子を用いることもできる。このヘッドセンサ１３３は、クッション体１３４を介してヘッド１０１の裏面１０１ｂを押圧した状態で支持部１３１上に図示しない両面テープまたは接着剤などによって固着されている。この場合、本実施形態においては、ヘッドセンサ１３３は、前記３つのリムセンサ１２２の各真上の支持部１３１上に配置されている。 The head sensor 133 is a detector that detects the vibration of the head 101, and outputs a head sensor detection signal including an electrical signal corresponding to the vibration of the head 101 to the phone terminal 123. In the present embodiment, the head sensor 133 is configured by a piezo element, but other detection elements such as an optical sensor can also be used. The head sensor 133 is fixed to the support portion 131 with a double-sided tape or an adhesive (not shown) while pressing the back surface 101b of the head 101 via the cushion body 134. In this case, in the present embodiment, the head sensor 133 is disposed on the support portion 131 directly above each of the three rim sensors 122.
　クッション体１３４は、ヘッド１０１の振動からヘッドセンサ１３３を保護しつつ振動を精度良くヘッドセンサ１３３に伝達するための部品であり、ゴム材または弾性を有する樹脂材を円錐台形状に形成して構成されている。この場合、クッション体１３４は、小径の先端部がヘッド１０１の裏面１０１ｂに押圧されているとともに大径の下面部分にヘッドセンサ１３３が図示しない両面テープまたは接着剤を介して取り付けられている。 The cushion body 134 is a component for accurately transmitting the vibration to the head sensor 133 while protecting the head sensor 133 from the vibration of the head 101, and is configured by forming a rubber material or an elastic resin material into a truncated cone shape. Has been. In this case, the cushion body 134 has a small-diameter tip portion pressed against the back surface 101b of the head 101, and a head sensor 133 is attached to the large-diameter lower surface portion via a double-sided tape or an adhesive (not shown).
　信号処理装置２００は、図３に示すように、ヘッドセンサ１３３およびリムセンサ１２２からそれぞれ出力される各検出信号を用いて楽音信号を出力する電子回路で構成された音源あり、電子打楽器１００とは別体で構成されている。この信号処理装置２００は、主として、電源部２０１、Ａ／Ｄ変換器２０２、制御部２０３、ＰＣＭ音源部２０４、Ｄ／Ａ変換器２０５および増幅器２０６をそれぞれ備えて構成されている。これらのうち、電源部２０１は、電力供給源（例えば、家庭用１００Ｖ電源）から図示しない電源コードを介して電力の供給を受けて信号処理装置２００の各電気回路に電力を供給する電気回路である。 As shown in FIG. 3, the signal processing device 200 has a sound source composed of an electronic circuit that outputs a musical sound signal using each detection signal output from the head sensor 133 and the rim sensor 122, and is different from the electronic percussion instrument 100. Consists of the body. The signal processing apparatus 200 is mainly configured by including a power supply unit 201, an A / D converter 202, a control unit 203, a PCM sound source unit 204, a D / A converter 205, and an amplifier 206, respectively. Among these, the power supply unit 201 is an electric circuit that receives power from a power supply source (for example, a household 100V power supply) via a power cord (not shown) and supplies power to each electric circuit of the signal processing device 200. is there.
　Ａ／Ｄ変換器２０２は、ヘッドセンサ１３３およびリムセンサ１２２がそれぞれ出力するアナログの検出信号をデジタル信号に変換して制御部２０３にそれぞれ出力する電子回路である。制御部２０３は、ＣＰＵ、ＲＯＭ、ＲＡＭなどからなるマイクロコンピュータによって構成されており、ＲＯＭなどの記憶装置に予め記憶された制御プログラムを実行することによってヘッドセンサ１３３およびリムセンサ１２２からそれぞれ出力される各検出信号およびＰＣＭ音源部２０４を用いて楽音を表す楽音信号を生成する。この制御部２０３には、演奏者からの指示を入力するための操作パネル２０３ａも設けられている。 The A / D converter 202 is an electronic circuit that converts analog detection signals output from the head sensor 133 and the rim sensor 122 into digital signals and outputs the digital signals to the control unit 203, respectively. The control unit 203 is configured by a microcomputer including a CPU, a ROM, a RAM, and the like, and each output from the head sensor 133 and the rim sensor 122 by executing a control program stored in advance in a storage device such as a ROM. A musical sound signal representing a musical sound is generated using the detection signal and the PCM sound source unit 204. The control unit 203 is also provided with an operation panel 203a for inputting instructions from the performer.
　ＰＣＭ音源部２０４は、ＰＣＭ（pulse code modulation）方式で予め録音した実際の楽器（「生楽器」ともいう）の楽音を表す信号を記憶した電子回路である。本実施形態においては、ＰＣＭ音源部２０４には、ヘッド１０１を叩打した際にスネアドラムのヘッドを叩打した際のヘッド楽音、第１叩打部１０７を叩打した際にスネアドラムのリムを叩打した際の第１楽音、および第２叩打部１１４を叩打した際に前記ヘッド楽音および第１楽音とは異なる第２楽音の各楽音を表し楽音信号がそれぞれ記憶されている。 The PCM sound source unit 204 is an electronic circuit that stores a signal representing a musical tone of an actual musical instrument (also referred to as “live musical instrument”) recorded in advance by a PCM (pulse code modulation) method. In this embodiment, the PCM sound source unit 204 has a head tone when the head of the snare drum is struck when the head 101 is struck, and a rim of the snare drum when the stab drum 107 is struck. When the second hitting unit 114 is hit, a tone signal representing each tone of the second tone different from the head tone and the first tone is stored.
　この場合、ヘッド楽音は、ヘッド１０１の叩打力に応じた楽音を含んでいる。また、第１楽音は、ヘッド１０１と第１叩打部１０７とを同時に叩打した所謂オープンリムショットの楽音および打面１０１ａに手を置きながら第１叩打部１０７のみを叩打した所謂クローズドリムショットの楽音までを含んでいる。また、第２楽音は、ヘッド１０１と第２叩打部１１４とを同時に叩打したオープンリムショットに相当する演奏手法の楽音および打面１０１ａに手を置きながら第２叩打部１１４のみを叩打したクローズドリムショットに相当する演奏手法の楽音までを含んでいる。 In this case, the head tone includes a tone corresponding to the tapping force of the head 101. The first musical sound is a so-called open rim shot musical sound in which the head 101 and the first striking portion 107 are simultaneously struck, and a so-called closed rim shot musical sound in which only the first striking portion 107 is struck while placing a hand on the striking surface 101a. Includes up to. The second musical tone is a musical tone of a performance technique equivalent to an open rim shot in which the head 101 and the second hitting portion 114 are simultaneously hit, and a closed rim in which only the second hitting portion 114 is hit while placing a hand on the hitting surface 101a. It includes up to the musical tone of the performance technique equivalent to a shot.
　Ｄ／Ａ変換器２０５は、制御部２０３から出力されるデジタルの楽音信号をアナログ信号に変換して増幅器２０６に出力する電子回路である。増幅器２０６は、Ｄ／Ａ変換器２０５から出力されたアナログの楽音信号を増幅して出力する電気回路である。これらにより、信号処理装置２００は、生楽器の楽音に近い楽音を発するための楽音信号を生成することができる。この場合、増幅器２０６には、前記楽音信号を取り出すための出力端子（図示せず）が設けられており、外部スピーカ２０７に対して電気的に接続することができるようになっている。 The D / A converter 205 is an electronic circuit that converts a digital musical tone signal output from the control unit 203 into an analog signal and outputs the analog signal to the amplifier 206. The amplifier 206 is an electric circuit that amplifies and outputs the analog tone signal output from the D / A converter 205. Thus, the signal processing device 200 can generate a musical sound signal for generating a musical sound close to that of a live musical instrument. In this case, the amplifier 206 is provided with an output terminal (not shown) for taking out the musical tone signal so that it can be electrically connected to the external speaker 207.
　外部スピーカ２０７は、アナログの電気信号からなる楽音信号を楽音に変換する機器であり、信号処理装置２００とは別体で構成される。これにより、信号処理装置２００は、外部スピーカ２０７に対して電気的に接続されることにより楽音を発生させることができる。 The external speaker 207 is a device that converts a musical sound signal composed of an analog electric signal into a musical sound, and is configured separately from the signal processing device 200. Thereby, the signal processing apparatus 200 can generate a musical sound by being electrically connected to the external speaker 207.
（電子打楽器１００の作動）
　次に、このように構成した電子打楽器１００の作動について説明する。まず、演奏者は、電子打楽器１００、信号処理装置２００および外部スピーカ２０７をそれぞれ用意した後、電子打楽器１００と信号処理装置２００とを電気的に接続するとともに、信号処理装置２００と外部スピーカ２０７とを電気的に接続する。次いで、演奏者は、信号処理装置２００の電源をＯＮにした後、操作パネル２０３ａを操作して信号処理装置２００を演奏を行なえる演奏モードに設定する。これにより、信号処理装置２００は、ヘッド１０１、第１叩打部１０７および第２叩打部１１４の各振動を検出して楽音を出力可能な状態となる。具体的には、制御部２０３は、図４に示す楽音信号生成プログラムの実行をステップＳ１００にて開始する。 (Operation of electronic percussion instrument 100)
Next, the operation of the electronic percussion instrument 100 configured as described above will be described. First, the performer prepares the electronic percussion instrument 100, the signal processing device 200, and the external speaker 207, and then electrically connects the electronic percussion instrument 100 and the signal processing device 200, as well as the signal processing device 200 and the external speaker 207. Are electrically connected. Next, the performer turns on the power of the signal processing device 200 and then operates the operation panel 203a to set the performance mode in which the signal processing device 200 can perform. As a result, the signal processing device 200 is in a state where it can output a musical sound by detecting each vibration of the head 101, the first hitting unit 107, and the second hitting unit 114. Specifically, the control unit 203 starts execution of the musical tone signal generation program shown in FIG. 4 at step S100.
　次に、制御部２０３は、ステップＳ１０２にて、ヘッド１０１、第１叩打部１０７または第２叩打部１１４の叩打を待つ。具体的には、制御部２０３は、ヘッドセンサ１３３およびリムセンサ１２２からそれぞれ出力される各検出信号の波高値を監視して、各波高値がそれぞれ予め設定された所定値以上であるか否かを判定する。 Next, in step S102, the control unit 203 waits for the head 101, the first hitting unit 107, or the second hitting unit 114 to be hit. Specifically, the control unit 203 monitors the peak value of each detection signal output from the head sensor 133 and the rim sensor 122, and determines whether each peak value is equal to or greater than a predetermined value. judge.
　一方、演奏者は、電子打楽器１００を演奏する。具体的には、演奏者は、スティックを用いてヘッド１０１、第１叩打部１０７および第２叩打部１１４のうちの少なくとも１つを叩く。これにより、ヘッドセンサ１３３およびリムセンサ１２２は、受けた振動に応じた各検出信号をフォーン端子１２３を介して信号処理装置２００に出力する。したがって、制御部２０３は、ヘッドセンサ１３３およびリムセンサ１２２からそれぞれ出力される各検出信号の波高値を監視して、各波高値のいずれかが所定値以上となるまでの間、この判定処理にて「Ｎｏ」と判定し続け、各波高値のいずれかが所定値以上である場合にこの判定処理で「Ｙｅｓ」と判定してステップＳ１０４に進む。 Meanwhile, the performer plays the electronic percussion instrument 100. Specifically, the performer strikes at least one of the head 101, the first hitting unit 107, and the second hitting unit 114 using a stick. Thereby, the head sensor 133 and the rim sensor 122 output each detection signal corresponding to the received vibration to the signal processing device 200 via the phone terminal 123. Therefore, the control unit 203 monitors the crest value of each detection signal output from the head sensor 133 and the rim sensor 122, and in this determination process until one of the crest values becomes a predetermined value or more. It continues to be determined as “No”, and when any of the peak values is equal to or greater than a predetermined value, it is determined as “Yes” in this determination process, and the process proceeds to step S104.
　次に、制御部２０３は、ステップＳ１０４にて、ヘッド１０１が叩打された否かを判定する。具体的には、制御部２０３は、ヘッドセンサ１３３から出力されたヘッドセンサ検出信号の波高値とリムセンサ１２２から出力されたリムセンサ検出信号の波高値とを比較してヘッドセンサ検出信号の波高値がリムセンサ検出信号の波高値以上である場合には、この判定処理にて「Ｙｓｅ」と判定してステップＳ１０６に進む。すなわち、ヘッドセンサ検出信号の波高値がリムセンサ検出信号の波高値以上である場合とは、ヘッド１０１が第１叩打部１０７および第２叩打部１１４よりも強く叩打された場合である。 Next, in step S104, the control unit 203 determines whether or not the head 101 has been hit. Specifically, the control unit 203 compares the peak value of the head sensor detection signal output from the head sensor 133 with the peak value of the rim sensor detection signal output from the rim sensor 122 to determine the peak value of the head sensor detection signal. If it is greater than or equal to the peak value of the rim sensor detection signal, it is determined as “Yse” in this determination process, and the process proceeds to step S106. That is, the case where the crest value of the head sensor detection signal is equal to or greater than the crest value of the rim sensor detection signal is a case where the head 101 is struck more strongly than the first tapping portion 107 and the second tapping portion 114.
　一方、制御部２０３は、ヘッドセンサ検出信号の波高値がリムセンサ検出信号の波高値未満である場合には、この判定処理にて「Ｎｏ」と判定してステップＳ１０８に進む。すなわち、ヘッドセンサ検出信号の波高値がリムセンサ検出信号の波高値未満である場合とは、第１叩打部１０７または第２叩打部１１４がヘッド１０１よりも強く叩打された場合である。なお、この判定処理においては、リムセンサ検出信号の振幅がヘッドセンサ検出信号の振幅よりも小さい場合には、リムセンサ検出信号の波高値に「１」を超える係数を掛けて比較判定処理を行ってもよい。 On the other hand, when the peak value of the head sensor detection signal is less than the peak value of the rim sensor detection signal, the control unit 203 determines “No” in this determination process and proceeds to step S108. That is, the case where the peak value of the head sensor detection signal is less than the peak value of the rim sensor detection signal is a case where the first hitting portion 107 or the second hitting portion 114 is hit more strongly than the head 101. In this determination process, when the amplitude of the rim sensor detection signal is smaller than the amplitude of the head sensor detection signal, the comparison determination process may be performed by multiplying the peak value of the rim sensor detection signal by a coefficient exceeding “1”. Good.
　次に、制御部２０３は、ヘッド１０１が叩打されたと判定した場合には、ステップＳ１０６にて、ヘッド楽音を表す楽音信号を生成して出力する。具体的には、制御部２０３は、ヘッドセンサ検出信号の振幅の大きさに応じたヘッド楽音を表す楽音信号を生成して外部スピーカ２０７に出力する。これにより、外部スピーカ２０７は、ヘッド１０１の叩打に応じた楽音を発音する。そして、制御部２０３は、ステップＳ１０２に戻る。 Next, when it is determined that the head 101 has been hit, the control unit 203 generates and outputs a musical sound signal representing the head musical sound in step S106. Specifically, the control unit 203 generates a musical tone signal representing a head musical tone according to the amplitude of the head sensor detection signal and outputs the musical tone signal to the external speaker 207. As a result, the external speaker 207 generates a tone corresponding to the hit of the head 101. Then, the control unit 203 returns to step S102.
　一方、制御部２０３は、第１叩打部１０７または第２叩打部１１４が叩打されたと判定した場合には、ステップＳ１０８にて、リムセンサ信号の所定時間Ｔ内での振動数Ａをカウントする。具体的には、制御部２０３は、図５（Ａ），（Ｂ）にそれぞれ示すように、リムセンサ信号における第１叩打部１０７または第２叩打部１１４の叩打を検出した時点から所定時間Ｔ内における所定値Ｈ以上の波形の頂点の数を振動数Ａとしてカウントして記憶する。なお、所定時間Ｔは、１ｍｓ～２０ｍｓが適当であり、所定値Ｈおよび振動数Ａは第１叩打部１０７および第２叩打部１１４の各固有振動数によって適宜設定される。 On the other hand, if it is determined that the first hitting unit 107 or the second hitting unit 114 has been hit, the control unit 203 counts the frequency A within the predetermined time T of the rim sensor signal in step S108. Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B, the control unit 203 within a predetermined time T from the time when the first hitting unit 107 or the second hitting unit 114 is detected in the rim sensor signal. Is counted and stored as the frequency A. The predetermined time T is appropriately 1 ms to 20 ms, and the predetermined value H and the frequency A are appropriately set according to the natural frequencies of the first hitting portion 107 and the second hitting portion 114.
　次に、制御部２０３は、ステップＳ１１０にて、第１叩打部１０７が叩打された否かを判定する。具体的には、制御部２０３は、前記振動数Ａを用いて第１叩打部１０７の叩打であったか否かを判定する。この判定処理は、第１叩打部１０７と第２叩打部１１４とが互いに異なる固有振動数を有して形成されていることに着目して第１叩打部１０７または第２叩打部１１４の叩打を判別するものである。 Next, in step S110, the control unit 203 determines whether or not the first hitting unit 107 has been hit. Specifically, the control unit 203 determines whether or not the first hitting unit 107 has been hit using the frequency A. In this determination processing, the first hitting portion 107 and the second hitting portion 114 are hit with the first hitting portion 107 or the second hitting portion 114 by paying attention to the fact that the first hitting portion 107 and the second hitting portion 114 are formed with different natural frequencies. It is to be determined.
　すなわち、第１叩打部１０７と第２叩打部１１４とは、互いに異なる固有振動数を有して形成されているため、所定時間Ｔ内における所定値以上の波形の頂点の数が異なる。したがって、制御部２０３には、第１叩打部１０７および第２叩打部１１４の各叩打時における振動波形の所定時間Ｔ内での所定値Ｈ以上の波形の頂点の数を踏まえて両者を判別するための所定の閾値が記憶されている。 That is, since the first hitting portion 107 and the second hitting portion 114 are formed to have different natural frequencies, the number of vertices of the waveform exceeding the predetermined value within the predetermined time T is different. Therefore, the control unit 203 discriminates both based on the number of vertices of the waveform equal to or greater than the predetermined value H within the predetermined time T of the vibration waveform at the time of the first hitting unit 107 and the second hitting unit 114. A predetermined threshold value is stored.
　そして、制御部２０３は、この閾値と前記ステップＳ１０８にて算出した振動数Ａとを比較して振動数Ａが閾値以下である場合には、第１叩打部１０７が叩打されたものとしてこの判定処理にて「Ｙｅｓ」と判定してステップＳ１１２に進む。一方、制御部２０３は、振動数Ａが閾値以上である場合には、第２叩打部１１４が叩打されたものとしてこの判定処理にて「Ｎｏ」と判定してステップＳ１１４に進む。 Then, the control unit 203 compares this threshold value with the vibration frequency A calculated in step S108. If the vibration frequency A is equal to or less than the threshold value, the control unit 203 determines that the first hitting unit 107 has been hit. The process determines “Yes” and proceeds to step S112. On the other hand, when the vibration frequency A is equal to or greater than the threshold, the control unit 203 determines that the second hitting unit 114 is hit and determines “No” in this determination process, and proceeds to step S114.
　次に、制御部２０３は、第１叩打部１０７が叩打されたと判定した場合には、ステップＳ１１２にて、第１楽音を表す楽音信号を生成して出力する。具体的には、制御部２０３は、リムセンサ検出信号の振幅の大きさに応じた第１楽音を表す楽音信号を生成して外部スピーカ２０７に出力する。これにより、外部スピーカ２０７は、第１叩打部１０７の叩打に応じた楽音を発音する。そして、制御部２０３は、ステップＳ１０２に戻る。 Next, when it is determined that the first hitting unit 107 has been hit, the control unit 203 generates and outputs a tone signal representing the first tone in step S112. Specifically, the control unit 203 generates a musical sound signal representing the first musical sound according to the amplitude of the rim sensor detection signal and outputs the musical sound signal to the external speaker 207. As a result, the external speaker 207 generates a tone corresponding to the beating of the first hitting unit 107. Then, the control unit 203 returns to step S102.
　また、制御部２０３は、第２叩打部１１４が叩打されたと判定した場合には、ステップＳ１１４にて、第２楽音を表す楽音信号を生成して出力する。具体的には、制御部２０３は、リムセンサ検出信号の振幅の大きさに応じた第２楽音を表す楽音信号を生成して外部スピーカ２０７に出力する。これにより、外部スピーカ２０７は、第２叩打部１１４の叩打に応じた楽音を発音する。そして、制御部２０３は、ステップＳ１０２に戻る。 Further, when it is determined that the second hitting unit 114 has been hit, the control unit 203 generates and outputs a tone signal representing the second tone in step S114. Specifically, the control unit 203 generates a tone signal representing the second tone according to the amplitude of the rim sensor detection signal, and outputs the tone signal to the external speaker 207. As a result, the external speaker 207 generates a musical sound corresponding to the beating of the second beating unit 114. Then, the control unit 203 returns to step S102.
　この楽音信号生成プログラムは、信号処理装置２００が演奏モードに設定されている間、継続的に実行される。したがって、演奏者は、信号処理装置２００が演奏モードに設定されている間、電子打楽器１００におけるヘッド１０１、第１叩打部１０７および第２叩打部１１４を自由に選択して叩打することによりヘッド楽音、第１楽音および第２楽音を発生させて演奏を行うことができる。この場合、電子打楽器１００は、ヘッド１０１のテンションが変化した場合、または演奏者が第１叩打部１０７または第２叩打部１１４を手で触りながら叩打した場合であっても第１叩打部１０７および第２叩打部１１４の固有振動数は変化しないため、第１叩打部１０７の叩打と第２叩打部１１４の叩打とを正確に判別して楽音を発生させることができる。 This musical tone signal generation program is continuously executed while the signal processing device 200 is set to the performance mode. Accordingly, the performer can freely select and strike the head 101, the first hitting unit 107, and the second hitting unit 114 in the electronic percussion instrument 100 while the signal processing apparatus 200 is set to the performance mode, so that the head musical tone is played. The first musical tone and the second musical tone can be generated to perform. In this case, the electronic percussion instrument 100 has the first hitting portion 107 and the first hitting portion 107 even when the tension of the head 101 is changed, or when the player hits the first hitting portion 107 or the second hitting portion 114 while touching it with the hand. Since the natural frequency of the second hitting portion 114 does not change, it is possible to accurately determine the hitting of the first hitting portion 107 and the hitting of the second hitting portion 114 and generate a musical sound.
　そして、演奏者は、電子打楽器１００と信号処理装置２００との電気的な接続を解消するとともに、信号処理装置２００と外部スピーカ２０７との電気的な接続を解消することにより、電子打楽器１００の演奏を終了することができる。 Then, the performer cancels the electrical connection between the electronic percussion instrument 100 and the signal processing device 200, and also cancels the electrical connection between the signal processing device 200 and the external speaker 207, thereby performing the performance of the electronic percussion instrument 100. Can be terminated.
　上記作動説明からも理解できるように、上記実施形態によれば、電子打楽器１００においては、第１叩打部１０７と第２叩打部１１４とを互いに異なる固有振動数を有して構成して第１叩打部１０７へ叩打と第２叩打部１１４への叩打とを叩打によって生じた振動における単位時間当たりの振動数の差を用いて判別しているため、叩打時に打面全体が撓み変形しない非可撓性の打面または撓み変形を阻害した演奏形態においても演奏者による叩打位置を正確に特定して楽音を発生させることができる。 As can be understood from the above description of the operation, according to the above-described embodiment, in the electronic percussion instrument 100, the first hitting portion 107 and the second hitting portion 114 are configured to have different natural frequencies. Since the hit to the hitting portion 107 and the hit to the second hitting portion 114 are discriminated using the difference in the frequency per unit time in the vibration generated by the hitting, the entire hitting surface does not bend and deform when hitting. Even in a performance form in which the flexible hitting surface or the bending deformation is hindered, it is possible to generate a musical sound by accurately specifying the hit position by the performer.
　さらに、本発明の実施にあたっては、上記実施形態に限定されるものではなく、本発明の目的を逸脱しない限りにおいて種々の変更が可能である。なお、下記各変形例において、上記実施形態と同様の構成部分については同じ符号を付して、その説明を省略する。 Furthermore, the implementation of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications can be made without departing from the object of the present invention. In the following modifications, the same reference numerals are given to the same components as those in the above embodiment, and the description thereof is omitted.
　例えば、上記実施形態においては、第１叩打部１０７の叩打と第２叩打部１１４の叩打とを判別するために、リムセンサ信号における第１叩打部１０７または第２叩打部１１４の叩打を検出した時点から所定時間Ｔ内における所定値Ｈ以上の波形の頂点の数をカウントした振動数Ａを用いた。しかし、第１叩打部１０７の叩打と第２叩打部１１４の叩打との判別は、第１叩打部１０７の叩打によって生じた振動と第２叩打部１１４の叩打によって生じた振動とにおける単位時間当たりの振動数の差以外にも周期または波長の差を用いることもできる。この場合、制御部２０３は、例えば、振動波形が０Ｖを通過した回数をカウントしたり、第１叩打部１０７または第２叩打部１１４の振動波形に対してフーリエ変換を行ってピークとなる基本周波数の抽出を行なったりして判別することもできる。 For example, in the above-described embodiment, when the first hitting portion 107 or the second hitting portion 114 is detected in the rim sensor signal in order to discriminate between the first hitting portion 107 and the second hitting portion 114. Then, the vibration frequency A obtained by counting the number of vertices of the waveform having a predetermined value H or more within a predetermined time T from the above is used. However, the distinction between the hitting of the first hitting portion 107 and the hitting of the second hitting portion 114 is made per unit time in the vibration generated by the hitting of the first hitting portion 107 and the vibration generated by the hitting of the second hitting portion 114. In addition to the difference in frequency, the difference in period or wavelength can also be used. In this case, for example, the control unit 203 counts the number of times that the vibration waveform has passed 0V, or performs a Fourier transform on the vibration waveform of the first hitting unit 107 or the second hitting unit 114, and reaches a peak fundamental frequency. It can also be determined by performing extraction.
　また、上記実施形態においては、第１叩打部１０７をフープ１０６の上縁部とするとともに第２叩打部１１４をフープ１０６に隣接する木製の板状体で構成した。しかし、第１叩打部１０７および第２叩打部１１４は、演奏者による演奏中に叩打される部分であればよく、上記実施形態に限定されるものではない。したがって、第１叩打部１０７および第２叩打部１１４は、例えば、第１叩打部１０７をフープ１０６とするとともに第２叩打部１１４をヘッド１０１とすることもできる。この場合、第１叩打部１０７および第２叩打部１１４は、上記実施形態も含めて、フープ１０６およびヘッド１０１の全体で構成されていてもよいし、フープ１０６およびヘッド１０１の一部で構成されていてもよい。また、第１叩打部１０７および第２叩打部１１４は、例えば、図６に示すように、１つのフープ１０６上にそれぞれ設けることもできる。 In the above embodiment, the first hitting portion 107 is the upper edge portion of the hoop 106 and the second hitting portion 114 is formed of a wooden plate adjacent to the hoop 106. However, the first hitting unit 107 and the second hitting unit 114 are not limited to the above-described embodiment as long as they are hits during performance by the performer. Therefore, the 1st hitting part 107 and the 2nd hitting part 114 can also use the 1st hitting part 107 as the hoop 106 and the 2nd hitting part 114 as the head 101, for example. In this case, the first hitting portion 107 and the second hitting portion 114 may be configured by the entire hoop 106 and the head 101, including the above-described embodiment, or may be configured by a part of the hoop 106 and the head 101. It may be. Moreover, the 1st hitting part 107 and the 2nd hitting part 114 can also each be provided on one hoop 106, as shown, for example in FIG.
　また、上記実施形態においては、第１叩打部１０７をエラストマ材で構成するとともに第２叩打部１１４を木材で構成した。しかし、第１叩打部１０７および第２叩打部１１４は、互いに異なる固有振動数を有して構成されていればよい。したがって、第１叩打部１０７および第２叩打部１１４は、互いに異なる材質のほかに、例えば、互いに異なる硬度または互いに異なる厚さで構成することができる。この場合、第１叩打部１０７および第２叩打部１１４を構成する材質としては、金属材、樹脂材、ゴム材、木材、セラミック材およびフェルトなどの繊維材を単体でまたは適宜組み合わせて採用することができる。 In the above embodiment, the first hitting portion 107 is made of an elastomer material, and the second hitting portion 114 is made of wood. However, the first hitting portion 107 and the second hitting portion 114 only need to be configured to have different natural frequencies. Therefore, the 1st hitting part 107 and the 2nd hitting part 114 can be comprised by mutually different hardness or mutually different thickness other than a mutually different material, for example. In this case, as a material constituting the first hitting portion 107 and the second hitting portion 114, a metal material, a resin material, a rubber material, a wood material, a ceramic material, and a fiber material such as a felt are used alone or in appropriate combination. Can do.
　例えば、図６に示す電子打楽器３００は、フープ１０６の環状の上縁部の一部に第１叩打部３０１を有するとともに、同フープ１０６の環状の上縁部の他の一部に第２叩打部３０２を有して構成されている。より具体的には、第１叩打部３０１および第２叩打部３０２は、上記実施形態における第１叩打部１０７と同様に、エラストマ材をフープ１０６の環状の上縁部に嵌め込み可能な凹部を有した断面形状が逆Ｕ字状の長尺体でそれぞれ構成されている。 For example, an electronic percussion instrument 300 shown in FIG. 6 has a first hitting portion 301 at a part of the upper edge of the hoop 106 and a second hit at another part of the upper edge of the hoop 106. A portion 302 is provided. More specifically, the first hitting portion 301 and the second hitting portion 302 have a recess capable of fitting an elastomer material into the annular upper edge portion of the hoop 106, like the first hitting portion 107 in the above embodiment. Each cross-sectional shape is composed of an elongated body having an inverted U shape.
　この場合、第１叩打部３０１および第２叩打部３０２は、打面の大きさ（面積）を互いに同じ大きさとしてもよいが、一方が他方よりも打面の大きさを大きく形成するとよい。本変形例においては、第１叩打部３０１はフープ１０６の環状の上縁部の９割の周長を覆うようにＣ字状に曲げられて嵌め込まれている。また、第２叩打部３０２は、第１叩打部３０１と同じ断面形状でフープ１０６の環状の上縁部の残余の１割の周長を覆うように円弧状に曲げられて嵌め込まれている。 In this case, the first hitting portion 301 and the second hitting portion 302 may have the same hitting surface size (area), but one of them may be formed to have a larger hitting surface size than the other. In the present modification, the first hitting portion 301 is bent and fitted in a C shape so as to cover 90% of the circumference of the annular upper edge portion of the hoop 106. Further, the second hitting portion 302 is fitted in an arc shape so as to cover the remaining 10% of the circumference of the annular upper edge portion of the hoop 106 with the same cross-sectional shape as the first hitting portion 301.
　また、第２叩打部３０２は、第１叩打部３０１とは異なる硬度を有するエラストマ材で構成されている。この場合、第１叩打部３０１を構成するエラストマ材と第２叩打部３０２を構成するエラストマ材との硬度差は、デュロメータ硬度（温度２３℃±２℃、湿度５０％±５％）で少なくともＨＤＡ２０以上、好ましくはＨＤＡ３０以上、より好ましくはＨＤＡ５０以上がよい。 Further, the second hitting portion 302 is made of an elastomer material having a hardness different from that of the first hitting portion 301. In this case, the difference in hardness between the elastomer material constituting the first hitting portion 301 and the elastomer material constituting the second hitting portion 302 is at least HDA20 in durometer hardness (temperature 23 ° C. ± 2 ° C., humidity 50% ± 5%). Above, preferably HDA 30 or more, more preferably HDA 50 or more.
　また、これらの場合、オープンリムショットを行う第１叩打部３０１の硬度を第２叩打部３０２の硬度よりも低く設定することでノイズを抑えることができる。また、これらの場合、第１叩打部３０１と第２叩打部３０２とは、互いに離間して設けてもよいが、互いに接触して設けるとよい。 In these cases, noise can be suppressed by setting the hardness of the first hitting portion 301 for performing the open rim shot to be lower than the hardness of the second hitting portion 302. In these cases, the first hitting portion 301 and the second hitting portion 302 may be provided apart from each other, but may be provided in contact with each other.
　また、例えば、図７に示す電子打楽器４００は、フープ１０６の環状の上縁部の一部に第１叩打部３０１を有するとともに、同フープ１０６の環状の上縁部の他の一部が露出した第２叩打部４０１を有して構成されている。すなわち、第２叩打部４０１は、フープ１０６の環状の上縁部によって直接構成されている。これによれば、電子打楽器４００は、簡単に構成できるとともに組立作業も容易にすることができる。 Further, for example, the electronic percussion instrument 400 shown in FIG. 7 has the first hitting portion 301 at a part of the annular upper edge of the hoop 106 and the other part of the annular upper edge of the hoop 106 is exposed. The second hitting portion 401 is configured. That is, the second hitting portion 401 is directly constituted by the annular upper edge portion of the hoop 106. According to this, the electronic percussion instrument 400 can be easily configured and can be easily assembled.
　また、例えば、図８に示す電子打楽器５００は、フープ１０６の環状の上縁部の一部に第１叩打部５０１を有するとともに、同フープ１０６の環状の上縁部の他の一部に第２叩打部５０２を有して構成されている。この場合、第１叩打部５０１および第２叩打部５０２は、互いに同じ材質のエラストマ材で一体的に構成されているが、第２叩打部５０２の上面が第１叩打部５０１の上面よりも低く形成されている。すなわち、第２叩打部５０２は、第１叩打部５０１よりもフープ１０６の上縁部上の厚さが薄く形成されている。 Further, for example, an electronic percussion instrument 500 shown in FIG. 8 has a first hitting portion 501 at a part of the annular upper edge of the hoop 106, and a second part at the other part of the annular upper edge of the hoop 106. It has two hitting portions 502. In this case, the first hitting portion 501 and the second hitting portion 502 are integrally formed of the same elastomer material, but the upper surface of the second hitting portion 502 is lower than the upper surface of the first hitting portion 501. Is formed. That is, the second hitting portion 502 is formed to be thinner on the upper edge portion of the hoop 106 than the first hitting portion 501.
　この場合、第１叩打部５０１と第２叩打部５０２との厚さの差は、２倍以上が好ましい。これによれば、電子打楽器５００は、第１叩打部５０１と第２叩打部５０２とが一つの材料で一体的に形成されているため、叩打による振動の周波数の差を安定させることができる。なお、第１叩打部５０１と第２叩打部５０２とは、互いに別体で構成してもよいことは当然である。 In this case, the difference in thickness between the first hitting portion 501 and the second hitting portion 502 is preferably twice or more. According to this, since the first percussion instrument 501 and the second percussion part 502 are integrally formed of one material, the electronic percussion instrument 500 can stabilize the difference in frequency of vibration caused by the percussion. Of course, the first hitting portion 501 and the second hitting portion 502 may be configured separately from each other.
　また、上記実施形態においては、電子打楽器１００は、ヘッドセンサ１３３およびリムセンサ１２２をそれぞれ３つずつ備えて構成した。しかし、ヘッドセンサ１３３およびリムセンサ１２２は、それぞれ少なくとも１つずつ設けられていればよい。 In the above embodiment, the electronic percussion instrument 100 includes three head sensors 133 and three rim sensors 122. However, at least one head sensor 133 and one rim sensor 122 may be provided.
　また、上記実施形態においては、信号処理装置２００は、電子打楽器１００とは別体で設けた。しかし、信号処理装置２００は、電子打楽器１００に内蔵されていてもよい。 In the above embodiment, the signal processing device 200 is provided separately from the electronic percussion instrument 100. However, the signal processing device 200 may be built in the electronic percussion instrument 100.
　また、上記実施形態においては、リムセンサ１２２をセンサ支持体１２０を介してシェル１０３に間接的に設けた。しかし、リムセンサ１２２は、シェル１０３の内壁面などに直接設けてもよい。すなわち、共通叩打センサは、第１叩打部１０７および第２叩打部１１４からの各振動が伝わるように物理的に繋がった状態で第１叩打部１０７および第２叩打部１１４を共に支持する叩打部支持体に設けられていればよい。 In the above embodiment, the rim sensor 122 is indirectly provided on the shell 103 via the sensor support 120. However, the rim sensor 122 may be provided directly on the inner wall surface of the shell 103 or the like. That is, the common tapping sensor is a tapping portion that supports both the first tapping portion 107 and the second tapping portion 114 in a physically connected state so that each vibration from the first tapping portion 107 and the second tapping portion 114 is transmitted. What is necessary is just to be provided in the support body.
　また、上記実施形態においては、楽音信号生成プログラムは、ステップＳ１０４にてヘッド１０１の叩打の有無を判定した後にステップＳ１１０にて第１叩打部１０７の叩打の有無を判定するように構成した。しかし、楽音信号生成プログラムは、ヘッド１０１の叩打の有無の判定処理よりも前に上記ステップＳ１０８による振動数Ａのカウント処理を実行した後、上記ステップＳ１１０を実行して振動数Ａが閾値以上である場合には、第２叩打部１１４が叩打されたものとして第２楽音を表す楽音信号を生成して出力するようにする。 In the above embodiment, the musical sound signal generation program is configured to determine whether or not the first hitting portion 107 is struck in step S110 after determining whether or not the head 101 is struck in step S104. However, the musical tone signal generation program executes the counting process of the vibration frequency A in step S108 before the determination process of whether or not the head 101 is struck, and then executes the above step S110 so that the vibration frequency A is equal to or greater than the threshold value. In some cases, a musical tone signal representing the second musical tone is generated and output on the assumption that the second hitting unit 114 has been hit.
　そして、この後、楽音信号生成プログラムは、第２叩打部１１４の叩打を判定しない場合には、ヘッド１０１の叩打の有無または第１叩打部１０７の叩打の有無を判定してヘッド楽音または第１楽音を表す楽音信号をそれぞれ生成して出力するようにする。これによれば、楽音信号生成プログラムは、ヘッドセンサ１３３から出力されるヘッドセンサ検出信号およびリムセンサ１２２から出力されるリムセンサ検出信号の各波高値の差が顕著でない場合（例えば、弱打による演奏）の場合においても各叩打をより正確に判定することができる。 After that, when the musical sound signal generation program does not determine the hit of the second hitting unit 114, it determines whether or not the head 101 is hit or whether the first hitting unit 107 is hit or not. A musical tone signal representing a musical tone is generated and output. According to this, the musical sound signal generation program is when the difference between the peak values of the head sensor detection signal output from the head sensor 133 and the rim sensor detection signal output from the rim sensor 122 is not significant (for example, performance by weak hitting). Even in this case, it is possible to determine each hit more accurately.
　また、上記実施形態においては、楽音信号生成プログラムは、ステップＳ１１０にて第１叩打部１０７の叩打の判定しない場合にステップＳ１１４にて第２叩打部１１４が叩打されたものとして第２楽音を発音するように構成した。しかし、楽音信号生成プログラムは、第１叩打部１０７の叩打の判定および第２叩打部１１４の叩打の判定をそれぞれ独立して行うこともできる。 In the above embodiment, the musical tone signal generation program generates the second musical tone as if the second hitting unit 114 was hit in step S114 when the hitting of the first hitting unit 107 is not determined in step S110. Configured to do. However, the musical sound signal generation program can also perform the determination of the hit of the first hitting unit 107 and the determination of the hit of the second hitting unit 114 independently.
　具体的には、制御部２０３は、第１叩打部１０７および第２叩打部１１４の各叩打時における振動波形の所定時間Ｔ内での所定値Ｈ以上の波形の頂点の数を許容範囲とともに想定値としてそれぞれ記憶しておく。そして、楽音信号生成プログラムは、この第１叩打部１０７の想定値と上記ステップＳ１０８にて算出した振動数Ａとを比較して振動数Ａが想定値に含まれる場合には、第１叩打部１０７が叩打されたものと判定して第１楽音を表す楽音信号を生成して出力するようにする。 Specifically, the control unit 203 assumes the number of vertices of a waveform equal to or greater than a predetermined value H within a predetermined time T of the vibration waveform at the time of each hit of the first hitting unit 107 and the second hitting unit 114 together with an allowable range. Each is stored as a value. The musical sound signal generation program compares the assumed value of the first hitting unit 107 with the frequency A calculated in step S108, and if the frequency A is included in the assumed value, the first hitting unit It is determined that 107 has been struck, and a musical tone signal representing the first musical tone is generated and output.
　一方、楽音信号生成プログラムは、振動数Ａが想定値に含まれない場合には、第１叩打部１０７が叩打されていないと判定する。そして、楽音信号生成プログラムは、第２叩打部１１４の想定値と前記ステップＳ１０８にて算出した振動数Ａとを比較して振動数Ａが想定値に含まれる場合には、第２叩打部１１４が叩打されたものと判定して第２楽音を表す楽音信号を生成して出力するようにする。また、楽音信号生成プログラムは、第２叩打部１１４が叩打されていない判定した場合には上記ステップＳ１０２に戻る。これにより、楽音信号生成プログラムは、より正確に第１楽音および第２楽音を発声させることができる。 On the other hand, when the frequency A is not included in the assumed value, the musical sound signal generation program determines that the first hitting unit 107 is not hit. Then, the musical sound signal generation program compares the assumed value of the second hitting unit 114 with the frequency A calculated in step S108, and if the frequency A is included in the assumed value, the second hitting unit 114. Is determined to have been struck and a musical tone signal representing the second musical tone is generated and output. On the other hand, when it is determined that the second hitting unit 114 is not hit, the musical tone signal generation program returns to step S102. Thereby, the musical tone signal generation program can utter the first musical tone and the second musical tone more accurately.
　また、上記実施形態においては、電子打楽器１００は、スネアドラム型の電子ドラムで構成した。しかし、電子打楽器１００は、手やスティックなどで叩かれたり擦られたりした際の打面の振動や圧力変化を検出して電子的な楽音を発生させる電子楽器に広く適用できるものである。したがって、電子打楽器１００は、電子的なシンバル、ハイハット、バスドラム、タムタム、フロアタムまたはパーカッションとして構成することもできる。 In the above embodiment, the electronic percussion instrument 100 is constituted by a snare drum type electronic drum. However, the electronic percussion instrument 100 can be widely applied to electronic musical instruments that generate electronic musical tones by detecting vibrations and pressure changes of the striking surface when hit or rubbed with a hand or a stick. Therefore, the electronic percussion instrument 100 can also be configured as an electronic cymbal, hi-hat, bass drum, tom tom, floor tom or percussion.
Ａ…振動数、Ｈ…所定値、Ｔ…所定時間、
１００，３００，４００，５００…電子打楽器、１０１…ヘッド、１０１ａ…打面、１０１ｂ…裏面、１０２…ヘッド枠、１０３…シェル、１０４…ラグ、１０５…カバーラグ、１０６…フープ、１０７…第１叩打部、１０８…テンションボルト、
１１０…シェルカバー、１１１…カバー枠、１１２…カバーフープ、１１３…カバーテンションボルト、１１４…第２叩打部、１１５…取付具、
１２０…センサ支持体、１２１…取付具、１２１ａ…ネジ、１２２…リムセンサ、１２３…フォーン端子、
１３０…覆い体、１３１…支持部、１３２…側壁部、１３３…ヘッドセンサ、１３４…クッション体、
２００…信号処理装置、２０１…電源部、２０２…Ａ／Ｄ変換器、２０３…制御部、２０３ａ…操作パネル、２０４…ＰＣＭ音源部、２０５…Ｄ／Ａ変換器、２０６…増幅器、２０７…外部スピーカ、
３０１，５０１…第１叩打部、３０２，４０１，５０２…第２叩打部。 A ... frequency, H ... predetermined value, T ... predetermined time,
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 100,300,400,500 ... Electronic percussion instrument, 101 ... Head, 101a ... Hitting surface, 101b ... Back surface, 102 ... Head frame, 103 ... Shell, 104 ... Rug, 105 ... Cover lug, 106 ... Hoop, 107 ... First hit 108, tension bolt,
110 ... Shell cover, 111 ... Cover frame, 112 ... Cover hoop, 113 ... Cover tension bolt, 114 ... Second hitting portion, 115 ... Fitting,
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 120 ... Sensor support body, 121 ... Fixture, 121a ... Screw, 122 ... Rim sensor, 123 ... Phone terminal,
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 130 ... Cover body, 131 ... Support part, 132 ... Side wall part, 133 ... Head sensor, 134 ... Cushion body,
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 200 ... Signal processing apparatus, 201 ... Power supply part, 202 ... A / D converter, 203 ... Control part, 203a ... Operation panel, 204 ... PCM sound source part, 205 ... D / A converter, 206 ... Amplifier, 207 ... External Speaker,
301, 501... First hitting portion, 302, 401, 502... Second hitting portion.

Claims (7)

  1. 　演奏者によって叩打される第１叩打部と、
    　前記第１叩打部とは異なる位置に同第１叩打部とは異なる固有振動数を有して設けられて前記演奏者によって叩打される第２叩打部と、
    　前記第１叩打部および前記第２叩打部に物理的に繋がった状態で共に支持する叩打部支持体と、
    　前記叩打部支持体に設けられて前記第１叩打部および前記第２叩打部の各叩打によって生じる振動を検出して同振動に対応する検出信号を出力する共通叩打センサと、
    　前記検出信号を用いて前記第１叩打部および前記第２叩打部の各叩打にそれぞれ対応する楽音信号を生成する制御部とを有し、
    　前記制御部は、
    　前記第１叩打部の叩打によって生じた振動と前記第２叩打部の叩打によって生じた振動とにおける周期、波長または単位時間当たりの振動数の差を用いて前記第１叩打部または前記第２叩打部の叩打を特定して同特定した叩打に応じた前記楽音信号を生成することを特徴とする電子打楽器。     A first striker that is struck by the performer;
    A second tapping portion provided at a position different from the first tapping portion and having a natural frequency different from that of the first tapping portion and tapped by the player;
    A striking part support that supports both the first striking part and the second striking part in a physically connected state;
    A common tapping sensor that is provided on the tapping portion support and detects a vibration caused by each tapping of the first tapping portion and the second tapping portion and outputs a detection signal corresponding to the vibration;
    A control unit that generates a musical sound signal corresponding to each of the first hitting unit and the second hitting unit using the detection signal,
    The controller is
    Using the difference in period, wavelength, or frequency per unit time between the vibration generated by hitting the first hitting part and the vibration generated by hitting the second hitting part, the first hitting part or the second hitting part An electronic percussion instrument characterized by generating a musical sound signal corresponding to the specified hit by specifying a hit of a part.
  2. 　請求項１に記載した電子打楽器において、
    　前記叩打部支持体は、
    　ドラムにおけるヘッドを支持する筒状のシェルを構成していることを特徴とする電子打楽器。     The electronic percussion instrument according to claim 1,
    The hitting portion support is
    An electronic percussion instrument comprising a cylindrical shell for supporting a head in a drum.
  3. 　請求項２に記載した電子打楽器において、
    　前記第１叩打部および前記第２叩打部は、
    　互いに異なる硬度で構成されていることを特徴とする電子打楽器。     The electronic percussion instrument according to claim 2,
    The first hitting portion and the second hitting portion are:
    An electronic percussion instrument characterized by having different hardness.
  4. 　請求項２または請求項３に記載した電子打楽器において、
    　前記第１叩打部および前記第２叩打部は、
    　互いに異なる材質で構成されていることを特徴とする電子打楽器。     In the electronic percussion instrument according to claim 2 or claim 3,
    The first hitting portion and the second hitting portion are:
    An electronic percussion instrument characterized by being made of different materials.
  5. 　請求項２ないし請求項４のうちのいずれか１つに記載した電子打楽器において、
    　前記第１叩打部および前記第２叩打部は、
    　互いに異なる厚さで形成されていることを特徴とする電子打楽器。     The electronic percussion instrument according to any one of claims 2 to 4,
    The first hitting portion and the second hitting portion are:
    An electronic percussion instrument characterized by being formed with different thicknesses.
  6. 　請求項２ないし請求項５のうちのいずれか１つに記載した電子打楽器において、
    　前記第１叩打部は、
    　ドラムのヘッドの周囲に設けられたフープの少なくとも一部を構成しており、
    　前記第２叩打部は、
    　前記フープにおける他の一部を構成していることを特徴とする電子打楽器。     The electronic percussion instrument according to any one of claims 2 to 5,
    The first hitting portion is
    It constitutes at least part of a hoop provided around the drum head,
    The second hitting portion is
    An electronic percussion instrument comprising another part of the hoop.
  7. 　請求項２ないし請求項５のうちのいずれか１つに記載した電子打楽器において、
    　前記第１叩打部は、
    　ドラムのヘッドの周囲に設けられたフープの少なくとも一部を構成しており、
    　前記第２叩打部は、
    　板状に形成されて前記フープに隣接して設けられていることを特徴とする電子打楽器。     The electronic percussion instrument according to any one of claims 2 to 5,
    The first hitting portion is
    It constitutes at least part of a hoop provided around the drum head,
    The second hitting portion is
    An electronic percussion instrument formed in a plate shape and provided adjacent to the hoop.
PCT/JP2018/007573 2017-05-08 2018-02-28 Electronic percussion instrument WO2018207438A1 (en)

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CN113129858A (en) 2019-12-26 2021-07-16 罗兰株式会社 Electronic percussion instrument and percussion detection method

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