JP5163070B2 - Electronic percussion instrument - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an electronic percussion instrument that generates a musical sound by converting vibrations of a head portion caused by a hit into an electric signal by a hit sensor.

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, an electronic percussion instrument is known that detects vibrations of a head portion due to a hit with a hit sensor and generates a musical tone based on the detection signal. For example, the electronic percussion instrument disclosed in Patent Document 1 is configured as an electronic bass drum, and a hitting detection unit is formed by bonding a cushion member as an elastic portion to an upper surface of a piezoelectric element as a hitting sensor. The impact sensor is disposed so that the tip of the cushion member contacts the back surface of the head portion. And a head part is hit | damaged by a beater by depressing operation of a foot pedal. Then, the vibration of the head part is transmitted to the piezoelectric element via the cushion member, and is converted into an electric signal, thereby detecting a hit.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-212566

  However, in the electronic percussion instrument of the above-mentioned Patent Document 1, since the elastic part interposed between the hit sensor and the head part is only in contact with the back surface of the head part, as described below, By this aspect, the appearance of the detection signal waveform in the impact sensor becomes unstable.

  5 and 6 are diagrams showing output waveforms of the hit sensor at the time of one hit. In both cases, the horizontal axis represents time, and the vertical axis represents signal output level. Ideally, as shown in FIG. 5, a positive first wave first rises from level 0, and once a negative first wave appears, a positive second wave appears. The first wave has the highest level, and after the second wave, it gradually attenuates (ideally rapidly).

  Here, in the example of FIG. 5, it is detected that the hit is made at the time t1 when the signal level is 0 at the hit time t0 and the signal level first exceeds the threshold value TH. The time interval from the time t0 to the time t1 is T1.

  However, in the configuration in which the elastic portion only comes into contact with the back surface of the head portion, such as the electronic percussion instrument disclosed in Patent Document 1, depending on the striking mode, first, as shown in FIG. A wave may appear, followed by a positive first wave. In such a case, the time interval T1 from the time t0 to the time t1 when the signal level first exceeds the threshold value TH becomes longer than in the example of FIG. That is, a detection delay is generated as compared with the example of FIG. 5 by the time interval T2 from the time t0 to the time t2 when the signal level returns from negative to zero. Naturally, the detection delay causes a pronunciation delay.

  In addition, in a state where a negative waveform appears first, the positive first wave (the amplitude thereof) becomes smaller than in the case where the negative waveform appears first. Therefore, there is also a problem that the first wave does not have a magnitude corresponding to the hitting strength, and the hitting strength cannot be accurately detected.

  Therefore, there is room for improvement in accurately detecting the hit timing and hit strength and reflecting them faithfully in the generation of musical sound.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems of the prior art, and an object thereof is to provide an electronic percussion instrument that can reduce the detection error of the hitting timing and hitting strength.

In order to achieve the above object, an electronic percussion instrument according to claim 1 of the present invention has a cylindrical housing portion (11) and a striking surface (31a) having a striking area which is supposed to be hit on the surface. A head portion (30) having a back surface (31b) which is a surface opposite to the striking surface, and a peripheral portion (32), the peripheral portion being supported by the housing portion and made of an elastic material, A substantially annular frame portion (15) fixedly provided inside the housing portion; and an integral elastic portion (27) projecting from the back surface of the head portion and configured integrally with the head portion; The integral elastic portion is fixed to the surface (27a) opposite to the head portion and disposed on the frame portion, and is transmitted through the integral elastic portion by striking the striking surface of the head portion. the vibration of the head portion possess a striking sensor for converting into an electric signal (26) An extension portion is integrally formed in the frame portion in a cantilever state, and the impact sensor is sandwiched between the integral elastic portion and the extension portion of the frame portion. It is characterized by being arranged in .

  Preferably, the integrated elastic portion is formed separately from the head portion, and is bonded to the back surface of the head portion so as to be integrated with the head portion (Claim 2).

  In addition, the code | symbol in the said parenthesis is an illustration.

  According to claim 1 of the present invention, it is possible to reduce the detection error of the hitting timing and hitting strength.

  According to the second aspect, the manufacture is easy.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a diagram (front view) of an electronic percussion instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention as seen from the player side. This electronic percussion instrument is configured as an electronic bass drum, and a drum body 10 is supported by a riser 20 and two legs 19L, 19R. Although not shown, a foot pedal device is attached to the player side of the electronic percussion instrument. Hereinafter, the front, rear, left, and right directions of the drum body 10 are referred to based on the viewpoint (front view) from the player side.

  The foot pedal device to be attached is a general one, and the beater strikes the head portion 30 of the drum body 10 by pedal operation. Depending on the foot pedal device, the number of beaters is not limited to one. In the structure of a single beater, the foot pedal device is usually installed so that the beater strikes the center P0 of the head portion 30 as shown in FIG. On the other hand, in a configuration in which two beaters are operated by a twin pedal, the foot pedal device is installed so that each beater strikes the left side and the right side of the center P0.

  2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB in FIG.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the drum body 10 has a cylindrical shell 11, and a head portion 30 having a circular shape in front view is arranged on the shell 11 so as to close the player-side opening of the shell 11. It is supported. Specifically, first, a plurality of connecting members 12 are fixed inside the shell 11 with screws 13, and a first frame 14 having a substantially circular shape in front view is fixed between the connecting members 12. A substantially annular second frame 15 is fixed to the first frame 14. The second frame 15 is made of, for example, a medium density fiber board (MDF). From the upper part of the second frame 15, a tongue portion 15a is suspended and formed integrally (see also FIG. 1).

  A cylindrical central cushion 22 for preventing the beater from sinking is fixed to the central portion in the radial direction of the first frame 14 by adhesion or the like (see also FIG. 1). The head part 30 is integrally formed of a member having elasticity such as rubber and has a flat part 31 and a peripheral part 32. The front end of the central cushion 22 is in contact with the back surface 31 b of the flat part 31 of the head part 30. Of the surface 31a of the flat portion 31 of the head portion 30, a region corresponding to the central cushion 22 in a front view is a striking region R0 in which striking is assumed (see FIGS. 2 and 3).

  When the foot pedal device is attached, the beater is placed so that the hitting position is within the hitting region R0, and is usually set to the center P0 (see also FIG. 1) as described above. The center P0 is also a position corresponding to the center of the hitting region R0 that is circular. When a plurality of beaters are employed, the foot pedal device is installed so that the hitting position of any beater is within the hitting region R0.

  On the periphery of the second frame 15, an inclined surface 15 b is formed on the player side and facing the oblique outer circumferential direction. The peripheral portion 32 of the head portion 30 is formed with a concave portion 32 b that opens radially inward, and the concave portion 32 b is fitted to the second frame 15. In this state, the head portion 30 is pulled in the peripheral direction so that a portion between the flat portion 31 and the peripheral portion 32 of the head portion 30 is in close contact with the inclined surface 15b of the second frame 15, and an appropriate tension is applied. It has become such a thing. On the peripheral edge portion 32 of the head portion 30, a protruding portion 32 a is integrally protruded toward the outer peripheral direction.

  An annular hoop 17 and a rim cover 21 are attached to the player side end of the shell 11. Engaging portions 17a are integrally formed at a plurality of locations in the circumferential direction of the hoop 17 (see FIGS. 1 and 3). The lug 16 is arrange | positioned in the outer peripheral side of the shell 11 in the position corresponding to the engaging part 17a (refer FIG. 3). The lug 16 is screwed and fixed to the engaging portion 17 a by a screw 18. Accordingly, the ridge portion 32 a of the head portion 30 is sandwiched between the hoop 17 and the player side end portion of the shell 11 via the rim cover 21. As a result, the head part 30 is fixed to the shell 11.

  A damper cushion 23 is disposed on the first frame 14 on the outer peripheral side of the central cushion 22. As shown in FIG. 1, the damper cushion 23 is configured in a donut shape that is interrupted by the interrupting portion 23 a and is disposed so as to surround the central cushion 22 in a front view. The damper cushion 23 is fixed to the first frame 14, and a non-slip sheet 24 is fixed to a front end surface on the player side (see FIGS. 2 and 3). The anti-slip sheet 24 is in contact with the back surface 31 b of the flat part 31 of the head part 30.

  On the tongue 15a of the second frame 15, a lower elastic member 25, a piezo element 26, and an upper elastic member 27 are arranged in this order toward the player. These are located between the intermittent portions 23 a on the circumference of the damper cushion 23. The piezo element 26 is bonded to both the lower elastic member 25 and the upper elastic member 27. The player-side end surface of the upper elastic member 27 is bonded to the back surface 31b of the flat portion 31 of the head portion 30 with an adhesive, a double-sided tape, or the like. Accordingly, when viewed from the head portion 30 side, the upper elastic member 27 is fixed to the back surface 31b of the head portion 30 so as to be integrally formed, and the piezo element 26 is bonded to the back surface 27a of the upper elastic member 27. It is the same as being fixed by etc.

  In the initial state when not playing, the central cushion 22, the damper cushion 23, and the upper elastic member 27 are all subjected to a slight compressive force from the head portion 30. In particular, the upper elastic member 27 is less likely to be peeled off from the back surface 31b of the head portion 30 due to the compressive force. The non-slip sheet 24 may be made of any material that exhibits a high frictional force with the head portion 30, and chloroprene rubber (CR rubber) or the like is adopted, but the type is not limited. As each material of the damper cushion 23, the upper elastic member 27, and the lower elastic member 25, an elastic material softer than the head portion 30, such as a poron sponge or rubber, is adopted, but the kind thereof is not limited.

  In such a configuration, when the striking region R0 of the head unit 30 is struck by the beater, the head unit 30 vibrates, and the vibration is transmitted to the piezo element 26 via the upper elastic member 27. The piezo element 26 converts the received vibration into an electric signal (voltage) and outputs it as a detection signal. When the detection signal exceeds a predetermined threshold value TH, it is detected that there has been an impact (see FIG. 5). A musical sound is generated by a musical sound generating mechanism (not shown) at the detection result, that is, at a timing based on the detected timing and at a volume corresponding to the level of the detection signal.

  As shown in FIG. 1, in a front view of the head portion 30, a straight line that straightly connects the center P0 that is the center of the striking region R0 and the center Ps of the piezo element 26 (see also FIGS. 2 and 3) is denoted by L1. To do. When the center P0 is struck with a single beater, the vibration wave propagates radially outward from the center P0 as the striking position, but the shortest vibration propagation path from the striking position to the center Ps of the piezo element 26. Passes through the straight line L1. Here, since the piezo element 26 is disposed in the intermittent portion 23 a of the damper cushion 23, the straight line L <b> 1 does not interfere with the damper cushion 23 in the front view of the head portion 30. That is, the vibration propagation path is not blocked by the damper cushion 23. Therefore, the positive first wave of the vibration waveform is detected by the piezo element 26 with almost no attenuation by the damper cushion 23.

  On the other hand, the vibration wave of the head part 30 continues to vibrate by rebounding at the peripheral part 32 or the like. However, since the vibration wave is attenuated by the damper cushion 23, the waves after the second wave are smaller than in the configuration without the damper cushion 23. That is, the damper cushion 23 exhibits a damping effect of the impact vibration. In addition, since the damper cushion 23 is in contact with the head portion 30 via the anti-slip sheet 24, the vibration is more effectively attenuated and the detected waveform becomes an ideal shape.

  As a result, since the degree of attenuation of the signal level after the second wave with respect to the first wave becomes clearer than before, the hit can be accurately detected only from the first wave of the output waveform. For example, since the level difference between the first wave and the second wave becomes large, it is advantageous for preventing double noise. In addition, it is also advantageous to increase the dynamic range when performing musical tone control such as volume according to the level of the first wave. Further, the impact absorbing effect of the damper cushion 23 contributes to the improvement of the hitting feeling felt by the foot through the pedal.

  In addition, since the upper elastic member 27 is bonded to the back surface 31b of the head portion 30 instead of being merely abutted, a negative wave (see FIG. 6) does not appear in the detected waveform. The first positive wave appears. Accordingly, the positive first wave has a magnitude corresponding to the hitting strength, and the hitting strength can be accurately detected only from the positive first wave of the output waveform. In addition, since no negative waves appear, sound generation delay due to detection delay is avoided. Incidentally, false detection and detection delay due to a negative wave can be electrically corrected normally by a half-wave rectifier or the like, but in this embodiment, such a corrector is unnecessary and the configuration is simple. .

  According to the present embodiment, the positional relationship between the damper cushion 23 and the piezo element 26 is set so that the vibration propagation path (straight line L1) does not interfere with the damper cushion 23, and the damper cushion 23 is attached to the non-slip sheet 24. It was made to contact | abut to the head part 30 via. Accordingly, the damping of the striking vibration can be effectively accelerated, the striking can be accurately detected from the first wave of the output waveform of the piezo element 26, and the striking feel can be improved.

  Further, since the piezo element 26 is disposed in the intermittent portion 23a of the damper cushion 23, it is possible to save space by effectively using the arrangement space.

  Also according to the present embodiment, since the upper elastic member 27 is bonded to the back surface 31b of the head portion 30, it is possible to reduce the detection error of the hit timing and the hit strength.

  By the way, the upper elastic member 27 is configured separately from the head portion 30 and is bonded to the back surface 31b, so that it is easy to manufacture. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the upper elastic member 27 may be integrally formed with the head portion 30 by integral molding as long as the detection error of the impact timing and impact strength is reduced. In addition, from the same viewpoint, the configuration in which the upper elastic member 27 to which the piezo element 26 is fixed is integrally formed with the head portion 30 is not limited to the bass drum, and can be applied to other percussion instruments.

  In addition, although the piezo element 26 was employ | adopted as a striking sensor, another sensor can be employ | adopted if it converts the striking vibration of the head part 30 into an electric signal.

  It should be noted that the setting of the positional relationship between the damper cushion 23 and the piezo element 26 is assumed as long as the damping of the impact vibration is effectively accelerated and the impact is accurately detected from the first wave of the output waveform. As long as the hit area is fixed, the present invention is not limited to the bass drum, and can be applied to other percussion instruments. Further, although the piezo element 26 is provided at a position shifted upward from the hit point (center P0 of the hit area R0), the shifting direction is not limited to the upper side.

  From the same point of view, the positional relationship between the damper cushion 23 and the piezo element 26 and the shape of the damper cushion 23 are not limited to those illustrated, but may be modified as shown in FIG.

  FIGS. 4A to 4D are schematic views showing modifications of the arrangement of the damper cushion 23 and the piezo element 26. FIG. These drawings correspond to a front view of the damper cushion 23.

  In any example, the damper cushion 23 is disposed so as to surround the striking region R0, and the vibration propagation path (straight line L1) from the center P0 that is the center of the striking region R0 to the center Ps of the piezo element 26 is The damper cushion 23 is not obstructed.

  First, about the shape of the damper cushion 23, the damper cushion 23 may be not continuous but intermittently formed at a plurality of locations (see FIG. 4A). In that case, the piezo element 26 is arranged at the position of one of the interrupting portions 23a (for example, the interrupting portion 23a1). Further, the damper cushion 23 may not be circular except for the intermittent portion 23a, may be rectangular other than the intermittent portion 23a (see FIG. 4C), or is a completely continuous shape (limited to a circular shape). (See FIG. 4D). However, when a completely continuous shape (FIG. 4D) is employed, the piezo element 26 needs to be disposed at a position away from the center P0 inside the damper cushion 23.

  Further, the piezo element 26 may be disposed outside the intermittent portion 23a in the vicinity of the intermittent portion 23a of the damper cushion 23, as illustrated in FIG. 4B, instead of the position of the intermittent portion 23a. Or you may arrange | position inside the intermittence part 23a.

  Moreover, the damper cushion 23 should just be arrange | positioned so that the hit | damage area | region R0 may be enclosed, and the shape of the hit | damage area | region R0 where a hit | damage is assumed is not restricted circular (refer FIG.4 (c)).

  If the conditions as described above are satisfied, even if the beater hits two places with the twin pedal, if the hitting position is within the hitting region R0, the hitting vibration from any hitting position is substantially inhibited. Without being transmitted to the piezo element 26.

  The piezo element 26 is disposed on the second frame 15, and the damper cushion 23 is disposed on the first frame 14, but these are fixedly provided on the inside of the shell 11, which is a housing. What is necessary is just to be arrange | positioned in a part. Further, the first frame 14 and the second frame 15 may be integrated instead of separate.

It is the figure (front view) which looked at the electronic percussion instrument which concerns on one embodiment of this invention from the player side. It is sectional drawing which follows the AA line of FIG. It is sectional drawing which follows the BB line of FIG. It is a schematic diagram ((a)-(d)) which shows the modification of the arrangement | positioning aspect of a damper cushion and a piezoelectric element. It is a figure which shows the output waveform of the impact sensor at the time of one impact. It is a figure which shows the output waveform of the impact sensor at the time of one impact.

Explanation of symbols

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 Shell (housing | casing part), 15 2nd frame (frame part), 26 Piezo element (hitting sensor), 27 Upper elastic material (integral elastic part), 27a Back surface, 30 Head part, 31a Surface (hitting surface), 31b Back, 32 peripheral edge

Claims (4)

A tubular casing,
It has a striking surface having a striking area that is supposed to be struck , a back surface that is a surface opposite to the striking surface, and a peripheral edge, and the peripheral edge is supported by the housing part A head portion made of an elastic material;
A substantially annular frame portion fixedly provided inside the housing portion;
An integral elastic portion projecting from the back surface of the head portion and configured integrally with the head portion;
The vibration of the head portion that is fixed to the surface of the integral elastic portion opposite to the head portion and is disposed on the frame portion and transmitted through the integral elastic portion by striking the striking surface of the head portion. possess a striking sensor for converting into an electric signal,
The frame portion is integrally formed with an extending portion in a cantilever state,
The electronic percussion instrument is characterized in that the percussion sensor is disposed in the extension part so as to be sandwiched between the integral elastic part and the extension part of the frame part .   The integrated elastic portion is formed separately from the head portion, and is bonded to the back surface of the head portion so as to be integrated with the head portion. Electronic percussion instrument. The extension portion of the frame portion extends in a certain direction of the hitting region and is in a position not interfering with the hitting region when the hitting surface of the head portion is viewed from the front. Item 3. The electronic percussion instrument according to item 1 or 2. The electronic percussion instrument according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the impact sensor is disposed in the extended portion via an elastic material fixed to the impact sensor.

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