JP5163099B2 - Electronic percussion instrument - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a bass drum type electronic percussion instrument that generates a musical sound by converting vibrations of a head portion hit by a beater of a foot pedal device into an electric signal by a hit sensor.

  Conventionally, a bass drum type electronic percussion instrument that generates a musical sound by converting vibration of a head portion struck by a beater of a foot pedal device into an electrical signal by a percussion sensor is known (Patent Documents 1 and 2 below). For example, the electronic percussion instrument disclosed in Patent Document 1 is configured as an electronic bass drum, and a hitting detection unit is formed by bonding a cushion member as an elastic portion to an upper surface of a piezoelectric element as a hitting sensor. The impact sensor is disposed so that the tip of the cushion member contacts the back surface of the head portion. And a head part is hit | damaged by a beater by depressing operation of a foot pedal. Then, the vibration of the head part is transmitted to the piezoelectric element via the cushion member, and is converted into an electric signal, thereby detecting a hit.

  If the beater is single, it is usually set to strike a fixed area in the center of the head. In addition, as used in the electronic percussion instrument, a twin beater may be used for the same electronic percussion instrument. In any case, the hitting area hit by the beater is a fixed area. In particular, when the same foot pedal device is continuously used, the position of the head portion struck by the beater is virtually always the same position.

In the electronic percussion instrument disclosed in Patent Document 1 below, two layers of elastic members are provided on the back surface side of the head portion in order to absorb the impact of impact. Furthermore, in order to suppress wear (sagging) of the elastic member due to the impact at the same position, a wear-resistant layer made of a nonwoven fabric is provided between the elastic member and the back surface of the head portion.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-212566 No. 7-38953

  However, it is not only the elastic member on the back side of the head part that is worn by the impact. That is, since the position of the head part that receives a hit with the beater is bent at the time of hitting and the beater is depressed, the hit position of the head part is rubbed intensively and gradually worn. For example, the surface of the head portion becomes thin as if it was scraped by repeated hitting in units of hundreds of thousands to millions.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems of the prior art, and an object of the present invention is to provide an electronic percussion instrument that can suppress wear at the striking position on the surface of the head portion struck by a beater. is there.

In order to achieve the above object, an electronic percussion instrument according to claim 1 of the present invention is a bass drum type electronic percussion instrument that is hit by a beater (29) of a foot pedal device, and has a cylindrical casing (11) and A striking surface (31a) having a striking region (R0) which is assumed to be hit by the beater on the front surface, a back surface (31b) which is a surface opposite to the striking surface, and a peripheral edge portion (32). The peripheral portion is supported by the housing portion, and is made of an elastic material, a head portion (30), a support portion (14, 15) fixedly provided inside the housing portion, A striking sensor (26) that is disposed on the support portion and converts vibrations of the head portion due to striking the striking region by the beater into an electrical signal, and a position corresponding to the striking region on the back side of the head portion. In the support portion, and An elastic member (22) softer than the head portion, and provided between the back surface of the head portion and the elastic member, is harder than the head portion, and the hitting area is hit by the beater. the striking force have a plate-like member and (28) for transmitting the elastic member when the said plate-like member is not fixed to the back surface of the head portion and the head portion at the time of non-playing When the hitting area is hit by the beater, the head portion biases the whole plate-like member backward, and the plate-like member compresses the whole elastic member. And is displaced backward .

  In addition, the code | symbol in the said parenthesis is an illustration.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, it is possible to suppress wear at the striking position on the surface of the head portion struck by the beater.

  According to the second aspect, it is possible to effectively suppress wear at the hitting position on the surface of the head part while maintaining a good hitting feel.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a diagram (front view) of an electronic percussion instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention as seen from the player side. This electronic percussion instrument is configured as an electronic bass drum, and a drum body 10 is supported by a riser 20 and two legs 19L, 19R. Although not shown, a foot pedal device is attached to the player side of the electronic percussion instrument. Hereinafter, the front, rear, left, and right directions of the drum body 10 are referred to based on the viewpoint (front view) from the player side.

  The foot pedal device to be attached is a general one, and the beater 29 (see FIG. 4) strikes the head portion 30 of the drum body 10 by pedal operation. Depending on the foot pedal device, the number of beaters 29 is not limited to one. In the structure of a single beater, the foot pedal device is usually installed so that the beater 29 strikes the center P0 of the head portion 30 as shown in FIG. On the other hand, in the configuration in which the two beaters 29 are operated by the twin pedal, the foot pedal device is installed so that each beater strikes the left side and the right side of the center P0.

  2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB in FIG.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the drum body 10 has a cylindrical shell 11, and a head portion 30 having a circular shape in front view is arranged on the shell 11 so as to close the player-side opening of the shell 11. It is supported. Specifically, first, a plurality of connecting members 12 are fixed inside the shell 11 with screws 13, and a first frame 14 having a substantially circular shape in front view is fixed between the connecting members 12. A substantially annular second frame 15 is fixed to the first frame 14. The second frame 15 is made of, for example, a medium density fiber board (MDF). From the upper part of the second frame 15, a tongue portion 15a is suspended and formed integrally (see also FIG. 1).

  As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, a columnar central cushion 22 for preventing the beater 29 from sinking is fixed to the central portion in the radial direction of the first frame 14 by adhesion or the like. A plate-like member 28 having a thickness of about 1 mm is bonded to the front side surface, which is the tip of the central cushion 22, with a double-sided tape or the like. The shape and size of the plate-like member 28 in the front view are the same as those of the central cushion 22.

  The head part 30 is integrally formed of a member having elasticity such as rubber and has a flat part 31 and a peripheral part 32. The plate-like member 28 is interposed between the back surface 31b of the flat portion 31 of the head portion 30 and the central cushion 22, and is in contact with the back surface 31b of the flat portion 31 in the initial state when not playing. Of the surface 31a of the flat portion 31 of the head portion 30, a region corresponding to the central cushion 22 (or the plate-like member 28) in front view is a striking region R0 in which striking is assumed (FIGS. 2 and 2). 3).

  The head part 30 is harder than the central cushion 22, but the plate-like member 28 is harder than the head part 30 and is made of resin. Specifically, in the present embodiment, polycarbonate is employed as the material for the plate-like member 28. In addition, ABS (acrylonitrile butadiene styrene), PP (polypropylene), EVA (ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer), FRP (fiber reinforced plastic) plate, etc. are also considered as employable materials. Moreover, even if an aluminum plate can secure a necessary thickness, it may be adopted.

  When the foot pedal device is attached, the hitting position of the beater 29 is set so as to be within the hitting region R0, and is normally adjusted to the center P0 (see also FIG. 1) as described above. The center P0 is also a position corresponding to the center of the hitting region R0 that is circular. When a plurality of beaters are employed, the foot pedal device is installed so that the hitting position of any beater is within the hitting region R0.

  On the periphery of the second frame 15, an inclined surface 15 b is formed on the player side and facing the oblique outer circumferential direction. The peripheral portion 32 of the head portion 30 is formed with a concave portion 32 b that opens radially inward, and the concave portion 32 b is fitted to the second frame 15. In this state, the head portion 30 is pulled in the peripheral direction so that a portion between the flat portion 31 and the peripheral portion 32 of the head portion 30 is in close contact with the inclined surface 15b of the second frame 15, and an appropriate tension is applied. It has become such a thing. On the peripheral edge portion 32 of the head portion 30, a protruding portion 32 a is integrally protruded toward the outer peripheral direction.

  An annular hoop 17 and a rim cover 21 are attached to the player side end of the shell 11. Engaging portions 17a are integrally formed at a plurality of locations in the circumferential direction of the hoop 17 (see FIGS. 1 and 3). The lug 16 is arrange | positioned in the outer peripheral side of the shell 11 in the position corresponding to the engaging part 17a (refer FIG. 3). The lug 16 is screwed and fixed to the engaging portion 17 a by a screw 18. Accordingly, the ridge portion 32 a of the head portion 30 is sandwiched between the hoop 17 and the player side end portion of the shell 11 via the rim cover 21. As a result, the head part 30 is fixed to the shell 11.

  A damper cushion 23 is disposed on the first frame 14 on the outer peripheral side of the central cushion 22. As shown in FIG. 1, the damper cushion 23 is configured in a donut shape that is interrupted by the interrupting portion 23 a and is disposed so as to surround the central cushion 22 in a front view. The damper cushion 23 is fixed to the first frame 14, and a non-slip sheet 24 is fixed to a front end surface on the player side (see FIGS. 2 and 3). The anti-slip sheet 24 is in contact with the back surface 31 b of the flat part 31 of the head part 30.

  On the tongue 15a of the second frame 15, a lower elastic member 25, a piezo element 26, and an upper elastic member 27 are arranged in this order toward the player. These are located between the intermittent portions 23 a on the circumference of the damper cushion 23. The piezo element 26 is bonded to both the lower elastic member 25 and the upper elastic member 27. The player-side end surface of the upper elastic member 27 is bonded to the back surface 31b of the flat portion 31 of the head portion 30 with an adhesive, a double-sided tape, or the like. Accordingly, when viewed from the head portion 30 side, the upper elastic member 27 is fixed to the back surface 31b of the head portion 30 so as to be integrally formed, and the piezo element 26 is bonded to the back surface 27a of the upper elastic member 27. It is the same as being fixed by etc.

  In the initial state when not playing, the central cushion 22, the damper cushion 23, and the upper elastic member 27 are all subjected to a slight compressive force from the head portion 30. In particular, the upper elastic member 27 is less likely to be peeled off from the back surface 31b of the head portion 30 due to the compressive force. The non-slip sheet 24 may be made of any material that exhibits a high frictional force with the head portion 30, and chloroprene rubber (CR rubber) or the like is adopted, but the type is not limited. As each material of the damper cushion 23, the upper elastic member 27, and the lower elastic member 25, an elastic material softer than the head portion 30, such as a poron sponge or rubber, is adopted, but the kind thereof is not limited.

  In such a configuration, when the hit region R0 of the head portion 30 is hit by the beater 29, the head portion 30 vibrates, and the vibration is transmitted to the piezo element 26 via the upper elastic member 27. The piezo element 26 converts the received vibration into an electric signal (voltage) and outputs it as a detection signal. When the detection signal exceeds a predetermined threshold, it is detected that there has been a hit. A musical sound is generated by a musical sound generating mechanism (not shown) at the detection result, that is, at a timing based on the detected timing and at a volume corresponding to the level of the detection signal.

  As shown in FIG. 1, in a front view of the head portion 30, a straight line that straightly connects the center P0 that is the center of the striking region R0 and the center Ps of the piezo element 26 (see also FIGS. 2 and 3) is denoted by L1. To do. When the center P0 is struck with a single beater, the vibration wave propagates radially outward from the center P0 as the striking position, but the shortest vibration propagation path from the striking position to the center Ps of the piezo element 26. Passes through the straight line L1. Here, since the piezo element 26 is disposed in the intermittent portion 23 a of the damper cushion 23, the straight line L <b> 1 does not interfere with the damper cushion 23 in the front view of the head portion 30. That is, the vibration propagation path is not blocked by the damper cushion 23. Therefore, the positive first wave of the vibration waveform is detected by the piezo element 26 with almost no attenuation by the damper cushion 23.

  On the other hand, the vibration wave of the head part 30 continues to vibrate by rebounding at the peripheral part 32 or the like. However, since the vibration wave is attenuated by the damper cushion 23, the waves after the second wave are smaller than in the configuration without the damper cushion 23. That is, the damper cushion 23 exhibits a damping effect of the impact vibration. In addition, since the damper cushion 23 is in contact with the head portion 30 via the anti-slip sheet 24, the vibration is more effectively attenuated and the detected waveform becomes an ideal shape.

  As a result, since the degree of attenuation of the signal level after the second wave with respect to the first wave becomes clearer than before, the hit can be accurately detected only from the first wave of the output waveform. For example, since the level difference between the first wave and the second wave becomes large, it is advantageous for preventing double noise. In addition, it is also advantageous to increase the dynamic range when performing musical tone control such as volume according to the level of the first wave. Further, the impact absorbing effect of the damper cushion 23 contributes to the improvement of the hitting feeling felt by the foot through the pedal.

  In addition, since the upper elastic member 27 is bonded to the back surface 31b of the head portion 30 instead of being simply contacted, a negative first wave does not appear in the detected waveform, and the first positive first A wave appears. Accordingly, the positive first wave has a magnitude corresponding to the hitting strength, and the hitting strength can be accurately detected only from the positive first wave of the output waveform. In addition, since no negative waves appear, sound generation delay due to detection delay is avoided. Incidentally, false detection and detection delay due to a negative wave can be electrically corrected normally by a half-wave rectifier or the like, but in this embodiment, such a corrector is unnecessary and the configuration is simple. .

  Further, when the hitting region R0 is hit by the beater 29, the hitting force is absorbed by the central cushion 22 via the plate-like member 28.

  FIG. 4A is a schematic cross-sectional view of a portion of the head portion 30 that is hit by the beater 29 in the conventional configuration in which the plate-like member 28 is not provided. FIG. 4B is a schematic cross-sectional view of the same part in the present embodiment in which the plate-like member 28 is provided.

  As shown in FIG. 4A, if the plate-like member 28 is not interposed, the striking position in the flat portion 31 of the head portion 30 sinks, and the central cushion 22 sinks locally in the same manner. Include. Accordingly, the reaction force from the central cushion 22 is applied to the entire wide contact surface between the beater 29 and the head portion 30, and particularly, the portion of the contact surface between the beater 29 and the head portion 30 that is inclined with respect to the initial state. The sliding contact state is established. For this reason, the repeated hitting of the head portion 30 rubs and wears the vicinity of the hitting position on the surface 31a of the head portion 30, and the central cushion 22 is also deformed that cannot be restored by long-term use.

  However, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4B, since the plate-like member 28 is interposed, the head portion 30 urges the entire plate-like member 28 backward, and the plate-like member 28 is The entire central cushion 22 is compressed and displaced rearward in parallel. In this case, the contact area between the beater 29 and the head unit 30 and the sinking amount of the head unit 30 are both smaller than those in the example of FIG. Accordingly, since there are few portions where the beater 29 and the head portion 30 are in a sliding contact state, the progress of wear of the head portion 30 can be suppressed. Nevertheless, the detection accuracy in the piezo element 26 is hardly adversely affected.

  According to the present embodiment, since the plate-like member 28 is interposed between the back surface 31b of the head portion 30 and the central cushion 22, wear at the striking position on the surface 31a of the head portion 30 can be suppressed. . In particular, since the plate-like member 28 is made of polycarbonate, there is almost no adverse effect on a good hitting feel.

  Speaking only from the viewpoint of suppressing the wear of the head portion 30, the plate-like member 28 may be a plate-like member that is harder and more flexible than the head portion 30, and may be various kinds of metals such as resin and iron. . However, a metal that easily undergoes plastic deformation such as aluminum is not preferable.

  The plate-like member 28 is not necessarily bonded to the central cushion 22, and is interposed between the back surface 31 b of the flat portion 31 of the head portion 30 and the central cushion 22. What is necessary is just to be hold | maintained at the 1st flame | frame 14 or the 2nd flame | frame 15 so that it may urge in a compression direction. Further, the shape of the plate-like member 28 as viewed from the front may be substantially the same as that of the central cushion 22 and does not need to be exactly matched.

  According to the present embodiment, the positional relationship between the damper cushion 23 and the piezo element 26 is set so that the vibration propagation path (straight line L1) does not interfere with the damper cushion 23, and the damper cushion 23 is attached to the anti-slip sheet. 24 and abutted against the head portion 30. Accordingly, the damping of the striking vibration can be effectively accelerated, the striking can be accurately detected from the first wave of the output waveform of the piezo element 26, and the striking feel can be improved.

  Further, since the piezo element 26 is disposed in the intermittent portion 23a of the damper cushion 23, it is possible to save space by effectively using the arrangement space.

  Also according to the present embodiment, since the upper elastic member 27 is bonded to the back surface 31b of the head portion 30, it is possible to reduce the detection error of the hit timing and the hit strength.

  By the way, the upper elastic member 27 is configured separately from the head portion 30 and is bonded to the back surface 31b, so that it is easy to manufacture. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the upper elastic member 27 may be integrally formed with the head portion 30 by integral molding as long as the detection error of the impact timing and impact strength is reduced. In addition, from the same viewpoint, the configuration in which the upper elastic member 27 to which the piezo element 26 is fixed is integrally formed with the head portion 30 is not limited to the bass drum, and can be applied to other percussion instruments.

  In addition, although the piezo element 26 was employ | adopted as a striking sensor, another sensor can be employ | adopted if it converts the striking vibration of the head part 30 into an electric signal.

  It should be noted that the setting of the positional relationship between the damper cushion 23 and the piezo element 26 is assumed as long as the damping of the impact vibration is effectively accelerated and the impact is accurately detected from the first wave of the output waveform. As long as the hit area is fixed, the present invention is not limited to the bass drum, and can be applied to other percussion instruments. Further, when a twin beater is employed, the piezo element 26 is shifted to a position shifted upward from the striking point (center P0 of the striking region R0) in order to make it difficult to produce a difference in the hit detection results by both beaters. Although provided, the direction of shifting is not limited to the upper side.

  From the same point of view, the positional relationship between the damper cushion 23 and the piezo element 26 and the shape of the damper cushion 23 are not limited to those illustrated, but may be modified as shown in FIG.

  FIGS. 5A to 5D are schematic views showing modifications of the arrangement of the damper cushion 23 and the piezo element 26. These drawings correspond to a front view of the damper cushion 23.

  In any example, the damper cushion 23 is disposed so as to surround the striking region R0, and the vibration propagation path (straight line L1) from the center P0 that is the center of the striking region R0 to the center Ps of the piezo element 26 is The damper cushion 23 is not obstructed.

  First, about the shape of the damper cushion 23, the damper cushion 23 may be not continuous but intermittently formed at a plurality of locations (see FIG. 5A). In that case, the piezo element 26 is arranged at the position of one of the interrupting portions 23a (for example, the interrupting portion 23a1). Further, the damper cushion 23 may not be circular except for the intermittent portion 23a, may be rectangular other than the intermittent portion 23a (see FIG. 5C), or is a completely continuous shape (limited to a circular shape). (See FIG. 5D). However, when a completely continuous shape (FIG. 5D) is adopted, the piezo element 26 needs to be arranged at a position away from the center P0 inside the damper cushion 23.

  Further, the piezo element 26 may be disposed outside the intermittent portion 23a in the vicinity of the intermittent portion 23a of the damper cushion 23, as illustrated in FIG. Or you may arrange | position inside the intermittence part 23a.

  Moreover, the damper cushion 23 should just be arrange | positioned so that the hit | damage area | region R0 may be enclosed, and the shape of hit | damage area | region R0 where a hit | damage is assumed is not restricted circularly (refer FIG.5 (c)).

  If the above conditions are satisfied, even if the beater 29 hits two places with a twin pedal, if the hit position is within the hit area R0, the hit vibration from any hit position is substantially inhibited. It is possible to propagate directly to the piezo element 26 without being done.

  The piezo element 26 is disposed on the second frame 15, and the damper cushion 23 is disposed on the first frame 14, but these are fixedly provided on the inside of the shell 11, which is a housing. What is necessary is just to be arrange | positioned in a part. Further, the first frame 14 and the second frame 15 may be integrated instead of separate.

It is the figure (front view) which looked at the electronic percussion instrument which concerns on one embodiment of this invention from the player side. It is sectional drawing which follows the AA line of FIG. It is sectional drawing which follows the BB line of FIG. It is typical sectional drawing of the part of the head part hit | damaged by a beater when there is no plate-shaped member (a figure (a)) and when it exists (a figure (b)). It is a schematic diagram ((a)-(d)) which shows the modification of the arrangement | positioning aspect of a damper cushion and a piezoelectric element.

Explanation of symbols

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 Shell (housing | casing part), 14 1st frame (support part), 15 2nd frame (support part), 22 Center cushion (elastic member), 26 Piezo element (hitting sensor), 28 Plate member, 29 Beater, 30 head portion, 31a front surface (striking surface), 31b back surface, 32 peripheral edge portion, R0 striking area

Claims (2)

A bass drum type electronic percussion instrument hit by a beater device beater,
A tubular casing,
A striking surface having a striking area which is supposed to be hit by the beater, a back surface which is a surface opposite to the striking surface, and a peripheral portion, and the peripheral portion is formed on the casing portion. A head portion supported and made of an elastic material;
A support portion fixedly provided inside the housing portion;
A striking sensor disposed on the support portion and converting vibrations of the head portion due to striking the striking region by the beater into an electrical signal;
An elastic member that is disposed on the support portion at a position corresponding to the striking region on the back side of the head portion, and is softer than the head portion;
A plate that is provided between the back surface of the head portion and the elastic member, is harder than the head portion, and transmits a striking force to the elastic member when the striking region is hit by the beater. have a and the member,
The plate-like member is not fixed to the back surface of the head portion, and abuts against the back surface of the head portion when not hit,
When the hitting area is hit by the beater, the head portion biases the whole plate-like member backward, and the plate-like member compresses the whole elastic member and is displaced backward. Characteristic electronic percussion instrument.   The electronic percussion instrument according to claim 1, wherein the plate member is made of resin.

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