WO2018205782A1 - 一种偏振无关的光器件 - Google Patents

一种偏振无关的光器件 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018205782A1
WO2018205782A1 PCT/CN2018/082192 CN2018082192W WO2018205782A1 WO 2018205782 A1 WO2018205782 A1 WO 2018205782A1 CN 2018082192 W CN2018082192 W CN 2018082192W WO 2018205782 A1 WO2018205782 A1 WO 2018205782A1
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Prior art keywords
optical
port
input
output
psr
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PCT/CN2018/082192
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
冀瑞强
涂鑫
李彦波
付生猛
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华为技术有限公司
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Priority to EP18799266.4A priority Critical patent/EP3499282B1/en
Publication of WO2018205782A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018205782A1/zh
Priority to US16/441,658 priority patent/US10735124B2/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J14/00—Optical multiplex systems
    • H04J14/02—Wavelength-division multiplex systems
    • H04J14/0201—Add-and-drop multiplexing
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
    • G02B6/28—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
    • G02B6/293—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
    • G02B6/28—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
    • G02B6/293—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means
    • G02B6/29331—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means operating by evanescent wave coupling
    • G02B6/29335—Evanescent coupling to a resonator cavity, i.e. between a waveguide mode and a resonant mode of the cavity
    • G02B6/29338—Loop resonators
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
    • G02B6/28—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
    • G02B6/293—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means
    • G02B6/29379—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means characterised by the function or use of the complete device
    • G02B6/2938—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means characterised by the function or use of the complete device for multiplexing or demultiplexing, i.e. combining or separating wavelengths, e.g. 1xN, NxM
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
    • G02B6/28—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
    • G02B6/293—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means
    • G02B6/29379—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means characterised by the function or use of the complete device
    • G02B6/2938—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means characterised by the function or use of the complete device for multiplexing or demultiplexing, i.e. combining or separating wavelengths, e.g. 1xN, NxM
    • G02B6/29382—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means characterised by the function or use of the complete device for multiplexing or demultiplexing, i.e. combining or separating wavelengths, e.g. 1xN, NxM including at least adding or dropping a signal, i.e. passing the majority of signals
    • G02B6/29383—Adding and dropping
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
    • G02B6/28—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
    • G02B6/293—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means
    • G02B6/29379—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means characterised by the function or use of the complete device
    • G02B6/29395—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means characterised by the function or use of the complete device configurable, e.g. tunable or reconfigurable
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
    • G02B6/28—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
    • G02B6/293—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means
    • G02B6/29379—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means characterised by the function or use of the complete device
    • G02B6/29397—Polarisation insensitivity
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J14/00—Optical multiplex systems
    • H04J14/06—Polarisation multiplex systems

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of optical fiber communication, and in particular to a polarization-independent optical device.
  • the size of optical devices can now reach the order of micrometers, so that the cross-sectional area of the waveguide for transmitting optical signals in optical devices is also on the order of micrometers, at which time the transverse electric field of the optical signal ( Transverse Electric, TE)
  • Transverse Electric Transverse Electric
  • TE Transverse Electric
  • TM Transverse Magnetic
  • PDL Polarization Dependent Loss
  • PMD Polarization Mode Dispersion
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical device for implementing optical signal add/drop multiplexing in the related art, where the optical device can be used to download light of any wavelength in a Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) signal. Signals or for uploading optical signals of different wavelengths.
  • WDM Wavelength Division Multiplexing
  • the optical device when the optical device is used to separate a WDM signal, the optical device includes one input port (Input), n output ports R ⁇ 1 , R ⁇ 2 , ..., R ⁇ n , and n micro-ring filters.
  • the micro ring filtering unit 100 1 is configured to separate the optical signal with the wavelength ⁇ 1
  • the micro ring filtering unit 100 2 is used to separate the optical signal with the wavelength ⁇ 2
  • the micro ring filtering unit 100 n is used for separating the wavelength ⁇ The optical signal of n .
  • the process of separating the WDM signal by the optical device is described by taking the micro-ring filtering unit 100 1 as an example.
  • the WDM signal includes n optical signals of different wavelengths, which are respectively ⁇ 1 , ⁇ 2 , . . . , ⁇ n .
  • the optical signal of each wavelength in the WDM signal is decomposed into two components, TE mode and TM mode, by a polarization splitter splitter (PBS) 101.
  • the TE mode of each optical signal is labeled Q TE
  • the TM mode is labeled P TM
  • the P TM is converted to TE polarization by a Polarization Rotator (PR) 102, labeled P TE .
  • the micro ring 103 included in the micro ring filtering unit 100 1 includes four ports, which are an input port, a through port, an upload port, and a download port.
  • the Q TE enters from the input port of the microring 103.
  • the Q TE When the wavelength of the optical signal corresponding to the Q TE is ⁇ 1 satisfying the resonance condition of the microring 103, the Q TE will be output from the download port of the microring 103; the P corresponding to the Q TE TE from the through 103 of port access, upload port output differential ring 103 from, and again through another PR104 converted confluent to TM polarization P TM, Q TE and P TM, and from the output port R ⁇ 1 output wavelength ⁇ of light 1
  • the signal completes the separation of the optical signal having the wavelength ⁇ 1 , that is, the completion of the download of the optical signal having the wavelength ⁇ 1 .
  • the n different wavelengths of optical signals included in the WDM signal are separated by n microring filtering units 100 1 , 100 2 , . . . , 100 n , respectively.
  • the above-mentioned n output ports R ⁇ 1 , R ⁇ 2 , . . . , R ⁇ n may be used as n different wavelength optical input ports of the optical device.
  • the above input port (Input) is used as an output port after the optical signals are merged.
  • the n optical signals of different wavelengths are merged by the n micro-ring filtering units 100 1 , 100 2 , . . . , 100 n , that is, the optical signals of the n different wavelengths are uploaded by the optical device.
  • the optical signal passing through the micro-ring filtering unit includes only one mode of polarization, and thus even the device included in the optical device For polarization dependent devices, the optical signal does not generate PDL and PMD when transmitted in the optical device, that is, the optical device is a polarization independent optical device.
  • the optical device shown in FIG. 1 when the optical device is used to separate the WDM signal, the optical device cannot be used to merge optical signals of different wavelengths; when the optical device is used to combine optical signals of different wavelengths, the optical device Cannot be used to separate WDM signals, so the optical device shown in Figure 1 severely limits the function of add-drop multiplexing of optical signals.
  • the present application provides a polarization-independent optical device.
  • the structure of the polarization-independent optical device is as follows:
  • the polarization-independent optical device includes an input-output pre-processing optical path and M upper download optical paths, each of the upper download optical paths including a micro-ring and a first polarization splitting rotator PSR, the M being greater than 1;
  • the input ports of the M micro-rings included in the M upper download optical paths are connected end to end with the through port, and the first optical wave transmission port of the input/output pre-processing optical path is connected to the input port of the micro-ring included in the first upper download optical path.
  • the second optical wave transmission port of the input and output pre-processing optical path is connected to the through port of the micro ring included in the Mth upper download optical path;
  • the input/output pre-processing optical path is configured to process the optical signals of the plurality of different wavelengths in the input first wavelength division multiplexing WDM signal into the first Q TE and the first P TE respectively , and obtain the processed multiple
  • the first Q TE and the plurality of first P TEs are transmitted to the micro-rings included in the M upper download optical paths, Q TE refers to a transverse electric field TE mode of the optical signal, and P TE refers to a transverse magnetic field TM mode of the optical signal a mode that is rotated to TE polarization;
  • the micro ring included in the upper download optical path is connected to a first PSR included in the upper download optical path;
  • the micro-ring included in the upper download optical path is configured to transmit a first Q TE that satisfies a resonance condition among the plurality of first Q TEs and a first P TE that satisfies a resonance condition among the plurality of first P TEs Up to the first PSR connected to the micro ring, the first PSR included in the upper download optical path is configured to process the received first Q TE and the received first P TE ;
  • the first PSR included in the upper download optical path is further configured to process the input optical signal into a second Q TE and a second P TE , and transmit the second Q TE and the second P TE to a micro-ring connected to the first PSR, the micro-ring included in the upper download optical path is further configured to transmit the second Q TE and the second P TE to the input/output pre-processing optical path, where the input and output pre-processing
  • the optical path is further configured to process the received second Q TE and the second P TE and output the same.
  • any of the upper download optical paths can be used to download the first Q TE and the first P TE satisfying the microring resonance conditions it includes, that is, each of the upper download optical paths can be used to download the required optical signal;
  • the input optical signal is transmitted to the input and output pre-processed optical path, that is, each of the upper download optical paths can also be used to upload the required optical signal. Therefore, when the optical path is downloaded on any one of the M upper download optical paths for downloading the required optical signal, the other upper download optical path can be used to upload the required optical signal, that is, the polarization-independent light provided by the present application.
  • the device can simultaneously implement the optical signals required for downloading and upload the required optical signals.
  • the micro ring included in the upper download optical path is further configured to: the first Q TE that does not satisfy the resonance condition in the plurality of first Q TEs and the plurality of first P TEs that do not satisfy the resonance condition Transmitting, by the first P TE, the input and output pre-processing optical path;
  • the input and output pre-processing optical path is further configured to process the first Q TE that does not satisfy the resonance condition and the first P TE that does not satisfy the resonance condition, and output the result.
  • the polarization-independent optical device provided by the present application can simultaneously realize the optical signal required for downloading and the optical signal required for uploading, and can also process the first Q TE and the first P TE that do not satisfy the resonance condition in the first WDM signal. To achieve the punch-through function of the optical signal.
  • the input and output pre-processing optical path includes a first input-output splitter and a second PSR, and the first input-output splitter is a polarization-insensitive optical device;
  • the first input/output splitter includes an input port, an output port, and an optical wave transmission port
  • the second PSR includes an optical wave transmission port, an optical wave splitting port, and an optical wave splitting rotating port
  • the optical wave transmission port of the first input/output splitter is connected to the optical wave transmission port of the second PSR, and the optical beam splitting port of the second PSR and the first one of the M upper download optical paths are connected to the optical path.
  • the input port of the micro-ring is connected, and the optical beam splitting port of the second PSR is connected to the through port of the micro-ring included in the M-th download optical path of the M upper download optical paths;
  • the first input/output splitter is configured to transmit the first WDM signal received by the included input port to the second PSR through an optical wave transmission port included in the first input/output splitter, where
  • the second PSR is configured to process a plurality of optical signals of different wavelengths in the first WDM signal received by the included optical wave transmission port, to obtain a plurality of first Q TEs and a plurality of first P TEs , and
  • the plurality of first Q TEs are transmitted to the input port of the micro ring included in the first upper download optical path by using the optical beam splitting port included in the second PSR, and the plurality of first P TEs are included by the second PSR.
  • the optical wave splitting port is transmitted to the through port of the micro ring included in the Mth download optical path;
  • the second PSR further comprising means for rotating a beam of light waves received by the second port Q TE rotate the second Q TM
  • the second with the second PSR Q TM comprises a wavelength division Receiving, by the bundle port, the second P TE convergence, and transmitting the merged second QTM and the second P TE to the first input and output through the second PSR including an optical wave transmission port
  • the optical wave transmission port of the device, the first input/output splitter is further configured to output the merged second QTM and the second P TE through an output port included in the first input/output splitter
  • Q TM refers to a mode in which Q TE is rotated to TM polarization.
  • the polarization-independent optical device provided above is used in an input-output pre-processing optical path including a scene in which the input-output splitter is a polarization-insensitive optical device.
  • the input and output pre-processing optical path includes a second input/output splitter, a third input-output splitter, a third PSR, and a fourth PSR, and the second input-output splitter and the third input-output are separated
  • the devices are all polarization-sensitive optical devices
  • the second input/output splitter and the third input/output splitter each include an input port, an output port, and an optical wave transmission port
  • the third PSR and the fourth PSR both include an optical wave transmission port and an optical wave splitting port.
  • An optical wavelength splitting port of the third PSR is connected to an input port of the second input/output splitter, and an optical splitting rotating port of the third PSR is connected to an input port of the third input/output splitter.
  • An output port of the second input/output splitter is connected to an optical beam splitting port of the fourth PSR, and an optical beam splitting rotating port of the fourth PSR is connected to an output port of the third input/output splitter;
  • the optical wave transmission port of the second input/output splitter is connected to an input port of a micro ring included in the first download optical path of the M upper download optical paths, and the optical wave transmission port of the third input/output splitter is a micro-ring straight-through port connection included in the Mth download optical path of the M upper download optical paths;
  • the third PSR is configured to process multiple optical signals of different wavelengths in the first WDM signal received by the included optical wave transmission port to obtain multiple first Q TEs and multiple first P TEs. And transmitting, by the optical beam splitting port included in the third PSR, the plurality of first Q TEs to an input port of the second input/output splitter, and the optical wave splitting rotating port included by the third PSR An input port of the third input/output splitter transmits the plurality of first P TEs , and the second input/output splitter is configured to send, by using the included optical wave transmission port, the micro ring transmission included in the M upper download optical paths a plurality of first Q TEs , wherein the third input/output splitter is configured to transmit the plurality of first P TEs to the micro-rings included in the M upper download optical paths through the included optical wave transmission port;
  • the third input-output port through the separator is further configured to receive the lightwave transmission comprises a second Q TE and the second Q TE is transmitted to the output through the third input of the splitter output port comprises the An optical wave splitting rotation port of the fourth PSR, the second input/output splitter further configured to receive the second P TE through the included optical wave transmission port, and pass through an output port included in the second input/output splitter Transmitting a second P TE to an optical beam splitting port of the fourth PSR, the fourth PSR being further configured to rotate the second Q TE to a second QTM , the second QTM and the second The two P TEs merge, and the merged second QTM and the second P TE are output through the optical wave transmission port included in the fourth PSR.
  • the polarization-independent optical device provided above is used in an input-output pre-processed optical path including a scene in which the input-output splitter is a polarization-sensitive optical device.
  • the micro ring included in the upper download optical path further includes an upload port and a download port
  • the first PSR included in the upper download optical path includes an optical wave transmission port, an optical wave splitting port, and an optical wave splitting rotating port
  • the upload port of the micro ring included in the upper download optical path is connected to the optical beam splitting port of the first PSR included in the upper download optical path, and the download port of the micro ring included in the upper download optical path is included in the download port of the upper download optical path a lightwave splitting rotating port connection of the first PSR;
  • the first PSR include rotating the optical wave beam port satisfying the resonance condition of the received first rotation is a first Q TE Q TM, and the first Q TM comprises the first PSR
  • the first P TE that meets the resonance condition received by the optical beam splitting port is merged and output through the optical wave transmission port included in the first PSR;
  • the first PSR is further configured to process the optical signal input by the included optical wave transmission port into a second Q TE and a second P TE , and pass the second Q TE through the optical wave splitting port included in the first PSR. And transmitting to the upload port of the micro ring, and transmitting, by the second P TE , the optical wave splitting port included in the first PSR to a download port of the micro ring.
  • the micro-ring included in the upper download optical path and the first PSR included in the upper download optical path are connected through the port.
  • the upper download optical path further includes a fourth input/output splitter
  • the fourth input/output splitter includes an input port, an output port, and an optical wave transmission port;
  • the optical wave transmission port of the first PSR is connected to the optical wave transmission port of the fourth input/output splitter;
  • An input port of the fourth input-output splitter is used to input an optical signal that needs to be uploaded, and an output port of the fourth input-output splitter is used to output an optical signal that needs to be downloaded.
  • each of the upper download optical paths may further include a fourth input/output splitter.
  • the micro-ring is a micro-ring with adjustable resonant wavelength, and a free spectral region FSR of the micro-ring covers wavelengths of all optical signals included in the first WDM signal and the second WDM signal,
  • the second WDM signal is an optical signal output from the polarization-independent optical device.
  • the optical signal of any wavelength may also be uploaded.
  • the micro-ring provided by the present application is a micro-ring with adjustable resonant wavelength.
  • any one of the first input/output splitter, the second input/output splitter, the third input/output splitter, and the fourth input/output splitter is a multi-port optical circulator Or a multi-port coupler.
  • the input/output splitter provided by the present application may be a multi-port optical circulator or a multi-port coupler.
  • a first of said plurality of first Q TE Q TE satisfying the resonance condition in said polarization independent optical device in the optical path of the optical transmission path and said plurality of first P TE resonance condition is satisfied a first P TE same optical path in the optical transmission path of the polarization independent optical device
  • said first plurality of transmission Q TE does not satisfy the resonance condition at a first Q TE polarization independent optical device in the the optical path of the optical path
  • a plurality of first P TE does not satisfy the resonance condition of the first P TE same optical path in the optical transmission path of the polarization independent optical device
  • the optical path of the transmission optical path in the unrelated optical device is the same as the optical path of the transmission optical path of the second P TE in the polarization-independent optical device.
  • the optical paths of the two components of the optical signal transmitted in the polarization-independent optical device are the same.
  • the polarization-independent optical device provided by the present application includes an input and output pre-processing optical path and M upper download optical paths.
  • the input and output pre-processing optical path can process the optical signals of the plurality of different wavelengths in the first WDM signal into the first Q TE and the first P TE respectively , because the Q TE refers to the TE mode of the optical signal, and the P TE refers to the light.
  • the TM mode of the signal is rotated into a mode of TE polarization, that is, the first WDM signal includes only one polarization mode after being processed by the input and output pre-processed optical path, and thus the optical device provided by the present application is a polarization-independent optical device.
  • each upper download optical path can be used to download the required optical signal. It can also be used to transmit the input optical signal to the input and output pre-processing optical path, that is, each of the upper download optical paths can also be used to upload the required optical signal. Therefore, when the optical path is downloaded on any one of the M upper download optical paths for downloading the required optical signal, the other upper download optical path can be used to upload the required optical signal, that is, the polarization-independent light provided by the present application.
  • the device can simultaneously implement the optical signals required for downloading and upload the required optical signals.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical device for implementing optical signal add/drop multiplexing in the related art
  • FIG. 2A is a schematic structural diagram of a microring according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2B is a schematic structural diagram of a PSR according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2C is a schematic structural diagram of an input/output splitter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a polarization-independent optical device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of another polarization-independent optical device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of another polarization-independent optical device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of another polarization-independent optical device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7A is a schematic structural diagram of a polarization-independent optical device after cascading according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7B (a) is a schematic diagram of a cascade connection mode of a polarization-independent optical device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7B(b) is a schematic diagram showing a cascade manner of another polarization-independent optical device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8A is a schematic structural diagram of another cascading polarization-independent optical device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8B is a schematic structural diagram of another cascading polarization-independent optical device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8C is a schematic structural diagram of another cascoded polarization-independent optical device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8D is a schematic structural diagram of another cascaded polarization-independent optical device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2A is a schematic structural diagram of a microring according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the microring includes two parallel straight waveguides and the two A parallel straight waveguide-coupled ring waveguide R.
  • the two straight waveguides can be coupled to the ring waveguide R through a directional coupler or a multimode interference (MMI) coupler.
  • MMI multimode interference
  • the coupled microring includes four ports, an input port and a through port ( Pass port, add port, add port, for ease of illustration, in the Figure 2A and subsequent embodiments of the figure, the micro-ring input port is marked as i, the micro-ring straight-through port Marked as t, the download port of the microring is marked as d, and the upload port of the microring is marked as a.
  • the optical signal satisfying a resonance condition when an optical signal satisfying the resonance condition is input from a port of a straight waveguide, it is output from a corresponding port of another straight waveguide. That is, when an optical signal satisfying the resonance condition is input from the input port of the microring, the optical signal will be output from the download port of the microring; when an optical signal satisfying the resonance condition is input from the through port of the microring, the optical signal Output from the upload port of the micro-ring; when the optical signal satisfying the resonance condition is input from the download port of the micro-ring, the optical signal will be output from the input port of the micro-ring; when the optical signal satisfying the resonance condition is from the upload port of the micro-ring When input, the optical signal will be output from the through port of the microring.
  • the wavelength of the optical signal satisfying the resonance condition satisfies the following formula:
  • m is an integer
  • L is the circumference of the ring waveguide included in the microring
  • N eff is the effective refractive index of the ring waveguide R
  • ⁇ is the wavelength of the optical signal satisfying the resonance condition.
  • an optical signal that does not satisfy the resonance condition When an optical signal that does not satisfy the resonance condition is input from a port of a straight waveguide of the microring, it is output from the other port of the straight waveguide. That is, when an optical signal that does not satisfy the resonance condition is input from the input port of the microring, the optical signal will be output from the through port of the microring, and when an optical signal that does not satisfy the resonance condition is input from the download port of the microring, The optical signal will be output from the upload port of the microring.
  • optical signal ⁇ A of another wavelength is input from the upload port of the microring, where ⁇ 2 And ⁇ A an optical signal that satisfies the resonance condition of the microring.
  • the optical signal ⁇ 2 input from the input port of the micro-ring will be output from the download port of the micro-ring; the optical signal ⁇ A input from the upload port of the micro-ring is output from the through-port of the micro-ring.
  • Optical signals ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 3 that do not satisfy the resonant condition will be output directly from the through port of the microring.
  • the micro-ring provided by the embodiment of the present invention is a micro-ring with adjustable resonant wavelength, that is, the environmental information such as temperature around the micro-ring can be adjusted to adjust the resonant wavelength of the micro-ring.
  • the WDM signal input to the polarization-independent optical device provided by the embodiment of the present invention is referred to as a first WDM signal, and since the resonant wavelength of the micro-ring can be adjusted, the micro-ring can realize the input WDM signal.
  • the optical signal of any one of the different wavelengths of the optical signal is downloaded, and the free spectral region (FSR) of the microring should cover all the optical signals included in the first WDM signal and the second WDM signal. wavelength.
  • the PSR is an optical device that can perform polarization splitting processing and polarization rotation processing on the optical signal at the same time.
  • FIG. 2B is a schematic structural diagram of a PSR according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 2B, the PSR includes three ports. , respectively, the optical wave transmission port, the optical wave splitting rotation port, and the optical wave splitting port.
  • the PSR When an optical signal is input from the optical wave transmission port of the PSR, the PSR performs polarization splitting processing on the input optical signal to obtain two components Q TE and P TM of the optical signal.
  • the PSR outputs one of the two components from the optical beam splitting port, performs polarization rotation processing on the other component, and outputs another component subjected to polarization rotation processing from the optical beam splitting rotation port of the PSR.
  • the PSR outputs Q TE from the optical beam splitting port while rotating the other component of the optical signal to a polarization mode of TE polarization, that is, PTM is rotated to P TE , and P TE is output from the PSR optical beam splitting rotary port. .
  • the PSR When two components of a certain optical signal are respectively input from the optical beam splitting port and the optical wave splitting rotating port of the PSR, the PSR performs polarization rotation processing on the component input from the optical beam splitting rotating port, and performs polarization rotation processing.
  • the component is merged with another component input from the optical beam splitting port to obtain the certain optical signal, and the certain optical signal is output from the optical wave transmission port of the PSR.
  • the PSR receives a component P TE of the optical signal from the optical beam splitting port and receives another component Q TE of the optical signal from the optical beam splitting rotating port, the PSR rotates the Q TE into a mode in which the polarization mode is TM polarization.
  • Q TE rotation of also about to merge Q TM, and P TE and Q TM, then the lightwave transmission from the output port of the convergence of P TE PSR and Q TM.
  • QTM refers to a mode in which Q TE is rotated to TM polarization.
  • the input/output splitter refers to an optical device that separates an input port and an output port of an optical signal, wherein the input/output splitter can be a multi-port circulator or a multi-port coupler.
  • the input/output splitter is a three-port circulator, and the three-port circulator includes three ports, which are an input port, an optical wave transmission port, and an output. port.
  • the main function of the three-port circulator is to output optical signals input to any of the three ports from the next port in a certain direction. That is, when an optical signal is input from the input port, the optical signal will be output from the optical wave transmission port of the three-port circulator; when an optical signal is input from the optical transmission port, the optical signal will be output from the three-port circulator. Port output.
  • the certain direction sequence is a preset sequence. As shown in FIG. 2C, the preset sequence is an order of 1-2-3. When the optical signals are transmitted in the reverse order of the preset order, the light is The energy of the signal will be attenuated.
  • an application scenario of the embodiment of the present invention is introduced. Due to the development of optical device integration technology, the size of optical devices is getting smaller and smaller. When optical signals propagate in small-sized optical devices, the quality of optical signals deteriorates due to the presence of PDL and PMD. Therefore, the polarization-independent property is a challenge to integrated optical devices, and the present application is applied in the context of how to construct an optical device that is polarization-independent and used for add-drop multiplexing of optical signals.
  • the polarization-independent optical device provided by the embodiment of the present invention and the method for performing add-drop multiplexing on the WDM signal by the polarization-independent optical device will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
  • the WDM optical signal input to the polarization-independent optical device is referred to as a first WDM signal
  • the WDM signal output from the polarization-independent optical device is referred to as a second WDM signal.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a polarization-independent optical device 300 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the polarization-independent optical device 300 includes an input and output pre-processing optical path 301 and M upper download optical paths 302.
  • Each of the upper download optical paths includes a microring 303 and a first PSR 304, which is an integer greater than one.
  • the input ports of the M micro-rings included in the M upper download optical paths 302 are connected end to end with the through port, and the first optical wave transmission port 305 of the input/output pre-processing optical path 301 and the input port of the micro-ring included in the first upper download optical path are input and output ports
  • the second optical wave transmission port 306 of the input/output pre-processing optical path 301 is connected to the through port of the micro-ring included in the Mth upper download optical path.
  • the micro-ring included in the upper download optical path is connected to the first PSR included in the upper download optical path.
  • the upload port of the micro ring included in the upper download optical path is connected to the optical wave splitting port of the first PSR included in the upper download optical path, and the download port of the micro ring included in the upper download optical path and the upper download optical path
  • the included lightwave splitting rotation port connection of the first PSR is included.
  • the input/output pre-processing optical path 301 is configured to process the optical signals of the plurality of different wavelengths in the first WDM signal input by the input port 307 into the first Q TE and the first P TE respectively , and the plurality of processed signals are obtained.
  • the first Q TE and the plurality of first P TEs are transmitted to the micro-rings included in the M upper download optical paths, Q TE refers to the TE mode of the optical signal, and P TE refers to the mode in which the TM mode of the optical signal is rotated into the TE polarization.
  • the optical path 302 on either download a download of M in the optical path of the optical path on the download microring 302 comprises a first plurality of Q TE for the resonance condition is satisfied and said first plurality of first Q TE P
  • the first P TE that satisfies the resonance condition in the TE is transmitted to the first PSR connected to the micro ring, and the first PSR included in the upper download optical path is used to perform the received first Q TE and the received first P TE .
  • the first PSR included in the upper download optical path is used to rotate the received first Q TE a first Q TM, after the first and the received Q TM and the first port P TE lightwave transmission output comprises merging through.
  • QTM refers to a mode in which Q TE is rotated to TM polarization.
  • the first PSR included in the upper download optical path may also be used to rotate the received first P TE , and merge the rotated first P TE and the first Q TE to pass the included optical wave. Transport port output.
  • the connection mode of the microring and the first PSR in the upper download optical path is opposite to the connection manner of the microring and the first PSR shown in FIG. That is, the upload port of the micro ring included in the upper download optical path is connected to the optical wave splitting rotating port of the first PSR included in the upper download optical path, and the download port of the micro ring included in the upper download optical path is included in the download port of the upper download optical path.
  • the optical splitting port of the first PSR is connected.
  • the micro ring included in the upper download optical path is further configured to transmit the first Q TE that does not satisfy the resonance condition in the plurality of first Q TEs and the first P TE that does not satisfy the resonance condition in the plurality of first P TEs To the input and output pre-processed optical path.
  • the input and output pre-processing optical paths will not satisfy the first Q TE of the resonance condition and the first P TE processed output that does not satisfy the resonance condition.
  • the input and output pre-processing optical path is further configured to rotate the first Q TE that does not satisfy the resonance condition into the first Q TM , and merge the first Q TM with the first P TE that does not satisfy the resonance condition to obtain the second An optical signal in the WDM signal and outputting one of the second WDM signals through the output port 308.
  • the first PSR 304 included in the upper download optical path 302 is further configured to process the input optical signal into a second Q TE and a second P TE , and transmit the second Q TE and the second P TE to the first PSR 304.
  • the micro-ring 303 included in the upper download optical path is further configured to transmit the second Q TE and the second P TE to the input/output pre-processing optical path 301.
  • the input/output pre-processing optical path 301 processes and receives the received second Q TE and the second P TE .
  • the optical input and output pre-processing for the second path 301 also rotate the second Q TE Q TM, the second Q TM and a WDM optical signal in the second after the second recombined P TE Signaling, and outputting one of the second WDM signals through output port 308.
  • the resonance condition is satisfied in a plurality of first Q TE in the first Q TE polarization independent optical device 300 in the optical transmission path of the first optical path and a plurality of P TE satisfying the resonance condition in the first polarization P TE
  • the optical path of the transmission optical path of 300 in the unrelated optical device is the same; the optical path of the transmission optical path of the first Q TE in the polarization-independent optical device 300 and the plurality of first Ps in the plurality of first Q TEs that do not satisfy the resonance condition
  • the first P TE of the TE that does not satisfy the resonance condition has the same optical path of the transmission optical path of the polarization-independent optical device 300; the optical path of the transmission optical path of the second Q TE in the polarization-independent optical device 300 and the second P TE
  • the optical paths of the transmission optical paths in the polarization-independent optical device 300 are the same.
  • determining a length of a waveguide for transmitting one of the components of the optical signal in the polarization-independent optical device obtaining a first length
  • determining a length of a waveguide for transmitting another component of the optical signal in the polarization-independent optical device Get the second length.
  • the two components of the optical signal can be realized in the same optical path of the two transmission optical paths in the polarization-independent optical device.
  • the operation of the polarization-independent optical device shown in Fig. 3 will be described in detail below.
  • the polarization-independent optical device shown in FIG. 3 mainly includes the following three processes in the add/drop multiplexing of the optical signal.
  • the input port 307 of the input/output pre-processing optical path 301 receives the first WDM signal, and processes the plurality of optical signals of different wavelengths in the first WDM signal to obtain a plurality of first Q TEs and multiples.
  • the first P TE , the input and output pre-processing optical path 301 transmits the obtained plurality of first Q TEs and the plurality of first P TEs to the micro-rings 303 included in the M upper download optical paths.
  • the micro ring 303 included in the upper download optical path selects a first Q TE satisfying the resonance condition from the plurality of first Q TEs , from the plurality of first P TEs Selecting a first P TE that satisfies a resonance condition, and transmitting the selected first Q TE and the selected first P TE to the first PSR 304, so that the first PSR 304 rotates the received first Q TE to the first Q TM , and the first Q TM is merged with the received first P TE and output through the included optical wave transmission port to obtain an optical signal that needs to be downloaded.
  • the input/output pre-processing optical path 301 transmits the obtained plurality of first Q TEs through the first optical wave transmission port 305 included in the input/output pre-processing optical path 301 to the input of the micro-ring 303 included in the first upper download optical path.
  • the input/output pre-processing optical path 301 transmits the obtained plurality of first P TEs to the through-ports of the micro-rings included in the Mth upper download optical path through the second optical-wave transmission port 306 included in the input-output pre-processing optical path 301.
  • the micro-ring 303 included in the upper download optical path transmits the selected first Q TE to the optical wave splitting rotating port of the first PSR 304 through the included download port, where
  • the download microchannel includes a microring 303 that transmits the selected first P TE to the optical splitting port of the first PSR 304 through the included upload port.
  • the polarization-independent optical device 300 When the polarization-independent optical device 300 is used to upload an optical signal, that is, when the first PSR 304 included in the download optical path on any of the M upper download optical paths shown in FIG. 3 receives the input optical signal,
  • the first PSR 304 processes the input optical signal into a second Q TE and a second P TE , and transmits the second Q TE and the second P TE to the micro ring 303 connected to the first PSR 304, and the micro ring 303 will be the second
  • the Q TE and the second P TE are transmitted to the input/output pre-processing optical path 301, and the input/output pre-processing optical path 301 rotates the second Q TE to the second Q TM and merges the second Q TM with the second P TE to obtain the second An optical signal in the WDM signal, and outputting one of the second WDM signals through the output port 308 of the input/output pre-processing optical path 301.
  • the first PSR 304 transmits the second Q TE to the upload port of the micro ring 303 through the included optical wave splitting transmission port, and the first PSR 304 transmits the second P TE to the download port of the micro ring 303 through the included optical wave splitting and rotating port.
  • the microring 301 transmits a second Q TE to the second optical wave transmission port 306 of the input/output preprocessing optical path 301 through the through port, and the microring 303 outputs the first optical transmission port 305 of the preprocessing optical path 301 through the included input port. Transfer the second P TE .
  • the polarization-independent optical device 300 is used for the process of optical signal punch-through.
  • the downloading of the optical path comprises a plurality of micro-loop 303 the first Q TE does not satisfy the resonance condition of the first Q TE and a plurality of first P TE
  • the first P TE that does not satisfy the resonance condition is transmitted to the input/output pre-processing optical path 301.
  • the input/output pre-processing optical path 301 rotates the first Q TE that does not satisfy the resonance condition into the first Q TM , and merges the first Q TM with the first P TE that does not satisfy the resonance condition to obtain one of the second WDM signals.
  • the optical signal outputs an optical signal of the second WDM signal through the output port 308 of the input/output pre-processing optical path 301.
  • the micro-ring 303 included in the upper download optical path transmits the first Q TE that does not satisfy the resonance condition in the plurality of first Q TEs and the input port from the micro-ring 303 to the through port of the micro-ring 303 to
  • the first Q TE that does not satisfy the resonance condition is transmitted to the input port of the micro ring included in the next upper download optical path, and the micro ring of the next upper download optical path is determined from the next one when determining that the first Q TE does not satisfy the resonance condition
  • the pass-through port of the micro-ring of the optical path outputs the first Q TE , and so on, until all the upper download optical paths determine that the first Q TE does not satisfy the resonance condition, and the last micro-ring that downloads the optical path passes through the included pass-through
  • the port transmits the first Q TE to the second optical wave transmission port 306 of the input/output pre-processing optical path 301.
  • the transmission path of the first P TE that does not satisfy the resonance condition in the polarization-independent optical device 300 is opposite to the transmission path of the first Q TE that does not satisfy the resonance condition, and will not be described in detail herein.
  • each of the upper download optical paths can be used to download the required optical signal; or can be used to transmit the input optical signal to the input/output pre-processing optical path to obtain one optical signal in the second WDM signal, that is, each download optical path can also be Used to upload the desired optical signal. Therefore, when the optical path is downloaded for downloading the required optical signal on any of the M upper download optical paths, the other upper download optical path can be used to upload the required optical signal, that is, the polarization independent of the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the optical device 300 can simultaneously implement the optical signals required for downloading and upload the required optical signals.
  • the input/output pre-processed optical path includes an input-output splitter which may be a polarization-sensitive optical device or a polarization-insensitive optical device
  • the input-output pre-processed optical path 301 shown in FIG. 3 has two structures, which will be described below. These two structures are described in detail.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of another polarization-independent optical device 400 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the polarization-independent optical device is applied to an input/output pre-processed optical path including an input-output splitter that is polarization-insensitive optical device. Scenes.
  • the polarization-independent optical device 400 includes an input and output pre-processing optical path 401 and M upper download optical paths 402, each of which includes a micro-ring 403 and a first PSR 404.
  • the input and output pre-processing optical path 401 includes a first input-output splitter 405 and a second PSR 406.
  • the first input-output splitter 405 includes an input port, an output port, and an optical wave transmission port
  • the second PSR 406 includes an optical wave transmission port, an optical wave splitting port, and an optical wave splitting rotating port.
  • the optical wave transmission port of the first input/output splitter 405 is connected to the optical wave transmission port of the second PSR 406, and the optical beam splitting port of the second PSR 406 and the first download optical path of the M upper download optical paths are included.
  • the input port of the microring 403 is connected, and the optical beam splitting rotation port of the second PSR 406 is connected to the through port of the microring 403 included in the Mth upper download optical path of the M upper download optical paths.
  • the specific positions of the four ports of the micro ring 403, the three ports of the first PSR 404, the three ports of the first input/output splitter 405, and the three ports of the second PSR 406 are shown in FIG. 2A, FIG. 2B and FIG. 2C, which will not be described in detail in FIG. 4 here.
  • the input port of the first input/output splitter 405 is the input port of the input/output pre-processing optical path, that is, the input port of the first input-output splitter 405 is used to input the first WDM signal.
  • the output port of the first input-output splitter 405 is the output port of the input-output pre-processed optical path, that is, the output port of the first input-output splitter is used to output the second WDM signal.
  • the upper download optical path of the polarization-independent optical device shown in FIG. 4 has the same structure as the upper download optical path of the polarization-independent optical device shown in FIG. 3, and will not be described in detail herein.
  • the operation of the polarization-independent optical device shown in FIG. 4 will be described in detail below.
  • the polarization-independent optical device shown in FIG. 4 also includes the following three processes when the optical signal is subjected to add/drop multiplexing.
  • the first input-output splitter 405 receives the first WDM signal through the included input port, and transmits the first WDM signal to the second PSR 406 through the optical wave transmission port included in the first input-output splitter 405.
  • the second PSR 406 receives the first WDM signal through the included optical wave transmission port, and processes the plurality of optical signals of different wavelengths in the first WDM signal to obtain a plurality of first Q TEs and a plurality of first P TEs .
  • the second PSR 406 transmits a plurality of first Q TEs to the micro-rings included in the M upper download optical paths through the included optical wave splitting transmission port, and the second PSR 406 downloads the micro-rings included in the optical paths to the M by using the included optical wave splitting and rotating port. Transfer multiple first P TEs .
  • the second PSR 406 transmits a plurality of first Q TEs to the input ports of the micro-rings 403 included in the first upper download optical path through the included optical wave splitting transmission port, and the second PSR 406 passes the included optical waves.
  • the splitting rotation port transmits a plurality of first P TEs to the through ports of the micro ring 403 included in the Mth upper download optical path.
  • the micro-ring 403 included in the upper download optical path selects a first Q TE that satisfies a resonance condition from the plurality of first Q TEs , from the plurality of first Ps TE that satisfies a resonance condition of the first P TE, the microring 403 comprises a download port through the selected first Q TE light waves transmitted to the first partial beam rotation PSR404 port, the microring 403 comprises a port selected by the upload a first P TE PSR404 transmitted to the first optical wave beam port, so that the first PSR received first rotation is a first Q TE Q TM, and a first Q TM and the first P TE received After convergence, the optical wave transmission port included in the first PSR 404 is outputted to obtain an optical signal that needs to be downloaded.
  • the first PSR 404 included in the download optical path on any one of the M upper download optical paths shown in FIG. 4 receives the input optical signal
  • the first PSR 404 processes the input optical signal into the second Q TE and the second P. TE and transmits the second Q TE and the second P TE to the microring 403 connected to the first PSR 404.
  • the microring 403 transmits a second Q TE to the optical beam splitting rotation port of the second PSR 406, and the microring 403 transmits the second P TE to the optical beam splitting port of the second PSR 406.
  • Q TE second PSR406 second rotation is a second Q TM, and a second confluence Q TM and the second P TE, and after the second merging Q TM and the second by a second P TE lightwave transmission comprising PSR406
  • the port is transmitted to the optical wave transmission port of the first input/output splitter 405.
  • the first input/output splitter 405 outputs the merged second Q TM and the second P TE through the included output port to obtain one of the second WDM signals.
  • the first PSR 404 transmits a second Q TE to the upload port of the micro ring 403 through the included optical wave splitting transmission port, and the first PSR 404 transmits the second P TE to the download port of the micro ring 403 through the included optical wave splitting and rotating port.
  • the microring 401 transmits a second Q TE to the optical beam splitting rotation port of the second PSR 406 through the included through port, and the microring 403 transmits the second P TE to the optical beam splitting port of the second PSR 406 through the included input port.
  • the polarization-independent optical device 400 is used for the process of optical signal punch-through.
  • the micro-ring 303 included in the upper download optical path transmits the first Q TE and the input port of the micro-ring 303 that do not satisfy the resonance condition among the plurality of first Q TEs a pass-through port to the micro-ring 303 to transmit the first Q TE that does not satisfy the resonance condition to the input port of the micro-ring included in the next upper download optical path, and the next micro-ring of the upper download optical path determines the first Q TE
  • the resonance condition is not satisfied
  • the first Q TE is output from the through port of the micro ring that downloads the optical path, and so on, until all the upper download optical paths determine that the first Q TE does not satisfy the resonance condition
  • a micro-ring that downloads the optical path transmits the first Q TE to the optical beam splitting rotation port of the second PSR 406 through the included through port. Accordingly, the last micro-ring that downloads the optical path transmits the first P TE that does not satisfy the resonance condition to the optical beam
  • a second rotary PSR406 Q TE does not satisfy the first condition is a first resonance Q TM, and a first Q TM P TE is not satisfied with the first resonant condition of convergence, the convergence of a first and a first Q TM
  • the P TE is transmitted to the optical wave transmission port of the first input/output separator 405 through the second PSR 406 including the optical wave transmission port.
  • a first input-output through the separator 405 includes a first output port of the convergence of the first Q TM P TE, to obtain a second optical signal to the WDM signal.
  • each of the upper download optical paths can be used to download the required optical signal; or can be used to transmit the input optical signal to the input/output pre-processing optical path to obtain one optical signal in the second WDM signal, that is, each download optical path can also be Used to upload the desired optical signal. Therefore, when the optical path is downloaded for downloading the required optical signal on any of the M upper download optical paths, the other upper download optical path can be used to upload the required optical signal, that is, the polarization independent of the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the optical device 400 can simultaneously implement the optical signals required for downloading and upload the required optical signals.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of another polarization-independent optical device 500 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the polarization-independent optical device is applied to a scene in which an input-output splitter included in an input-output pre-processing optical path is a polarization-sensitive optical device.
  • the polarization-independent optical device 500 includes an input-output pre-processing optical path 501 and M upper download optical paths 502, each of which includes a micro-ring 503 and a first PSR 504.
  • the input and output pre-processing optical path 501 includes a second input-output splitter 505, a third input-output splitter 506, a third PSR 507, and a fourth PSR 508.
  • the second input/output splitter 505 and the third input/output splitter 506 each include an input port, an output port, and an optical wave transmission port
  • the third PSR 507 and the fourth PSR 508 each include an optical wave transmission port, an optical wave splitting port, and an optical wave splitting rotating port.
  • the optical splitting port of the third PSR 507 is connected to the input port of the second input/output splitter 505, and the optical splitting and rotating port of the third PSR 507 is connected to the input port of the third input/output splitter 506, and the second input and output are separated.
  • the output port of the 505 is connected to the optical beam splitting port of the fourth PSR 508, and the optical splitting rotating port of the fourth PSR 508 is connected to the output port of the third input/output splitter 506.
  • the optical wave transmission port of the second input/output splitter 505 is connected to the input port of the micro ring 503 included in the first download optical path of the M upper download optical paths, and the optical wave transmission port of the third input/output splitter 506 is downloaded from the M.
  • the optical wave transmission port of the third PSR 507 is used to input the first WDM signal, that is, the optical wave transmission port of the third PSR 507 is the input port of the input/output and processing optical path 501.
  • the optical wave transmission port of the fourth PSR 508 is for outputting the second WDM signal, that is, the optical wave transmission port of the fourth PSR 508 is the output port of the input and output and processing optical path 501.
  • the specific locations of the ports included in the second input/output splitter 505 and the third input/output splitter 506 in FIG. 5 may refer to the structure of the input/output splitter shown in FIG. 2C.
  • the specific locations of the ports included in the third PSR 507 and the fourth PSR 508 may refer to the structure of the PSR shown in FIG. 2B.
  • the upper download optical path of the polarization-independent optical device shown in FIG. 5 has the same structure as the upper download optical path of the polarization-independent optical device shown in FIG. 3, and will not be described in detail herein.
  • the polarization-independent optical device shown in FIG. 5 it is also necessary to satisfy the same optical path of the two transmission optical paths of the two components of the optical signal in the polarization-independent optical device, and the specific implementation process is shown in FIG. The implementation of polarization-independent optical devices.
  • the operation of the polarization-independent optical device shown in Fig. 5 will be described in detail below.
  • the polarization-independent optical device shown in FIG. 5 also includes the following three processes when the optical signal is subjected to add/drop multiplexing.
  • the third PSR 507 receives the first WDM signal through the included optical wave transmission port, and processes the plurality of optical signals of different wavelengths in the first WDM signal to obtain a plurality of first Q TEs and a plurality of first P TEs .
  • the third PSR 507 transmits a plurality of first Q TEs to the input port of the second input/output splitter 505 through the included optical wave splitting port, and the third PSR 507 inputs to the input of the third input/output splitter 506 through the included optical wave splitting rotating port.
  • the port transmits multiple first P TEs .
  • the second input/output splitter 505 transmits a plurality of first Q TEs to the M micro-rings 503 included in the M-up download optical path through the included optical wave transmission port, and the third input-output splitter 506 downloads to the M by using the included optical wave transmission port.
  • the optical path includes a micro ring to transmit a plurality of first P TEs .
  • the second input/output splitter 505 transmits a plurality of first Q TEs , third input and output to an input port of the micro ring 503 included in the first one of the M upper download optical paths through the included optical wave transmission port.
  • the splitter 506 transmits a plurality of first P TEs to the through ports of the micro-rings included in the Mth upper download optical path among the M upper download optical paths through the included optical wave transmission port.
  • the micro-ring 503 included in the upper download optical path selects a first Q TE that satisfies a resonance condition from the plurality of first Q TEs , from the plurality of first Ps TE that satisfies a resonance condition of the first P TE, the microring 503 comprises a download port through the selected first Q TE light waves transmitted to the first partial beam rotation PSR504 port, the microring 503 comprises a port selected by the upload a first P TE PSR504 transmitted to the first optical wave beam port, so that the first PSR received first rotation is a first Q TE Q TM, and a first Q TM and the first P TE received After convergence, the optical wave transmission port included in the first PSR 504 is outputted to obtain an optical signal that needs to be downloaded.
  • the first PSR 504 included in the download optical path on any one of the M upper download optical paths shown in FIG. 5 receives the input optical signal
  • the first PSR 504 processes the input optical signal into the second Q TE and the second P. TE and transmits the second Q TE and the second P TE to the microring 503 connected to the first PSR 504.
  • the first PSR 504 transmits a second Q TE to the upload port of the micro ring 503 through the included optical wave splitting transmission port
  • the first PSR 504 transmits the second P TE to the download port of the micro ring 503 through the included optical wave splitting and rotating port. .
  • the microring 503 relays the second Q TE to the optical wave transmission port of the third input/output splitter 506, and the microring 503 transmits the second P TE to the optical wave transmission port of the second input/output splitter 505.
  • the third input-output splitter 506 transmits the second Q TE to the optical beam splitting rotation port of the fourth PSR 508 through the included output port, and the second input-output splitter 505 transmits the second P TE to the fourth through the included output port.
  • the fourth PSR 508 rotates the second Q TE to the second Q TM , and merges the second Q TM with the second P TE , and transmits the merged second Q TM and the second P TE through the optical wave included in the fourth PSR 508
  • the port outputs to output one of the second WDM signals, that is, to output an optical signal that needs to be uploaded.
  • the polarization-independent optical device 500 is used for the process of optical signal punch-through.
  • the micro-ring 503 included in the upper download optical path transmits the first Q TE and the input port of the micro-ring 503 that do not satisfy the resonance condition among the plurality of first Q TEs a pass-through port to the micro-ring 503 to transmit the first Q TE that does not satisfy the resonance condition to the input port of the micro-ring included in the next upper download optical path, and the next micro-ring of the upper download optical path determines the first Q TE
  • the resonance condition is not satisfied
  • the first Q TE is output from the through port of the micro ring that downloads the optical path, and so on, until all the upper download optical paths determine that the first Q TE does not satisfy the resonance condition
  • a micro-ring that downloads the optical path transmits the first Q TE to the optical transmission port of the third input-output splitter 506 through the included through port. Accordingly, the last micro-ring 503 for downloading the optical path transmits the first P TE to the optical wave transmission port of the
  • the third input-output splitter 506 transmits the first Q TE that does not satisfy the resonance condition to the optical beam splitting rotation port of the fourth PSR 508 through the included output port, and the second input-output splitter 505 does not satisfy the output port included
  • the first P TE of the resonant condition is transmitted to the optical splitting port of the fourth PSR 508.
  • the first rotation of the fourth PSR508 Q TE does not satisfy the resonance condition for a first Q TM, and merging the first P TE and a first Q TM does not satisfy the resonance condition, the first and the second Q TM and after confluence
  • a P TE is output through the optical wave transmission port included in the fourth PSR 508 to output one of the second WDM signals.
  • each of the upper download optical paths can be used to download the required optical signal; or can be used to transmit the input optical signal to the input/output pre-processing optical path to obtain one optical signal in the second WDM signal, that is, each download optical path can also be Used to upload the desired optical signal. Therefore, when the optical path is downloaded for downloading the required optical signal on any of the M upper download optical paths, the other upper download optical path can be used to upload the required optical signal, that is, the polarization independent of the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the optical device 500 can simultaneously implement the optical signals required for downloading and upload the required optical signals.
  • the upper download optical path is only used to upload a desired optical signal or to download a desired optical signal.
  • the upper download optical path still cannot simultaneously perform the upper download optical path. Therefore, the present application also provides an upper download optical path that can simultaneously perform an upward download optical signal.
  • the structure of the polarization-independent optical device having such an upper download optical path will be described below.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of another polarization-independent optical device 600 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the polarization-independent optical device 600 includes an input and output pre-processing optical path 601 and M upper download optical paths 602.
  • Each of the upper download optical paths includes a microring 603, a first PSR 604, and a fourth input/output splitter 605.
  • the input ports of the M micro-rings included in the M upper download optical path 602 are connected end to end with the through port, and the first optical wave transmission port 605 of the input/output pre-processing optical path 601 and the input port of the micro-ring included in the first upper download optical path are input and output ports of the micro-ring included in the first download optical path 601.
  • the second optical wave transmission port 607 of the input, output, and output optical path 601 is connected to the through port of the micro ring included in the Mth upper download optical path.
  • the upload port of the micro ring 603 included in the upper download optical path is connected to the optical splitting port of the first PSR 604 included in the upper download optical path
  • the upper download optical path includes The download port of the microring 603 is connected to the optical beam splitting rotation port of the first PSR 604 included in the upper download optical path.
  • the optical wave transmission port of the first PSR 604 is connected to the optical wave transmission port of the fourth input/output separator 605.
  • the input port of the fourth input/output splitter 605 is used to input an optical signal that needs to be uploaded, and the output port of the fourth input/output splitter 605 is used to output an optical signal that needs to be downloaded.
  • the input and output pre-processing optical path shown in FIG. 6 may be the input/output pre-processing optical path 401 shown in FIG. 4, or may be the input/output pre-processing optical path 501 shown in FIG. 5. Therefore, the embodiment of the present invention The structure of the input and output pre-processing optical path in Fig. 6 will not be described in detail.
  • the specific position of the port included in the fourth input/output splitter 605 in FIG. 6 can be referred to the structure of the input/output splitter shown in FIG. 2C.
  • the operation of the polarization-independent optical device shown in Fig. 6 will be described in detail below.
  • the polarization-independent optical device shown in FIG. 6 mainly includes the following three processes in the add-drop multiplexing of the optical signal.
  • the input port 608 of the input/output pre-processing optical path 601 receives the first WDM signal, and processes the plurality of optical signals of different wavelengths in the first WDM signal to obtain a plurality of first Q TEs.
  • the plurality of first P TEs , the input and output pre-processing optical paths 601 transmit the obtained plurality of first Q TEs and the plurality of first P TEs to the micro-rings 603 included in the M upper download optical paths.
  • the micro-ring 603 included in the upper download optical path selects a first Q TE satisfying the resonance condition from the plurality of first Q TEs , from the plurality of first P TEs Selecting a first P TE that satisfies a resonance condition, and transmitting the selected first Q TE and the selected first P TE to the first PSR 604, so that the first PSR 604 rotates the received first Q TE to the first Q TM , and the first Q TM is merged with the received first P TE and output through the included optical wave transmission port.
  • the input and output pre-processing optical path 601 transmits the obtained plurality of first Q TEs and the plurality of first P TEs to the first PSR 604. Referring to the plurality of first Q TEs in the polarization-independent optical device shown in FIG. 3 And the transmission process of multiple first P TEs will not be elaborated here.
  • the fourth input/output splitter 605 included in the download optical path on any one of the M upper download optical paths shown in FIG. 6 receives the input optical signal through the included input port, and the fourth input/output splitter 605 includes The optical wave transmission port transmits the input optical signal to the optical wave transmission port of the first PSR 604. The input optical signal is then transmitted to the input and output pre-processed optical path 601 through the first PSR 604 and the micro-ring 603 to input an optical signal that needs to be uploaded.
  • the specific transmission process of the input optical signal transmitted to the input/output pre-processing optical path 601 through the first PSR 604 and the micro-ring 603 may refer to the transmission process of the optical signal in the polarization-independent optical device shown in FIG. 3, where Not elaborated.
  • the polarization-independent optical device 600 is used for the process of optical signal punch-through.
  • the main difference in structure is that one PSR is added to each of the upper download optical paths.
  • Q TE and the first optical transmission path and a first plurality of first P TE Q TE and a plurality of first P TE resonance condition is not satisfied and the optical path on the download other structures other than micro-ring does not matter, therefore,
  • the process of the polarization-independent optical device shown in FIG. 6 for the through-light signal reference may be made to the process of the polarization-independent optical device shown in FIG. 3, FIG. 4 or FIG. 5 for the straight-through optical signal.
  • each of the upper download optical paths can be used to download the first Q TE and the first P TE satisfying the resonance condition of the microring included in the upper download optical path;
  • the input optical signal is transmitted to the input and output pre-processing optical path to obtain one of the second WDM signals. That is, each of the upper download optical paths can be used to simultaneously upload the required optical signals and download the required optical signals. Therefore, the polarization-independent optical device 600 provided by the embodiment of the present invention can simultaneously implement the optical signals required for downloading and uploading the required light. signal.
  • any one of the polarization-independent optical devices shown in FIGS. 3 to 6 may be cascaded to increase the number of upload channels of the polarization-independent optical device provided by the present application. And the number of download channels.
  • the structure of the polarization-independent optical device after the cascade will be described in detail below.
  • FIG. 7A is a schematic structural diagram of a cascaded polarization-independent optical device 700 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the cascaded polarization-independent optical device is two polarizations as shown in FIG. 4.
  • Unrelated optical devices are cascaded.
  • the polarization-independent optical device on the left side of FIG. 7A can be used to download M optical signals of different wavelengths, and the polarization-independent optical device on the right side of FIG. 7A can be used to upload M optical signals of different wavelengths.
  • N polarization-independent optical devices shown in FIG. 4 can be cascaded at the same time.
  • the input port and the output port of the input/output separator 405 among the N polarization-independent optical devices shown in FIG. 4 may be directly connected in series in a series manner as shown in FIG. 7B(a) to obtain N.
  • the input port of the input-output splitter of the polarization-independent optical device is connected to the output port of the previous input-output splitter connected in series thereof, the polarization-independent optical device
  • the output port of the input/output splitter is connected to the input port of the next input/output splitter connected in series.
  • the structure of the polarization-independent optical device other than the input-output splitter and the polarization-independent optical device shown in FIG. 4 are identical except for the input-output splitter, and are not shown in FIG. 7B(a). More details will be described.
  • an N+2 port input/output splitter can be used instead of the above structure of FIG. 7B(a), that is, the structure shown by 7B(a) can be replaced by the structure shown by 7B(b).
  • the transmission mode of the first WDM signal in the polarization-independent optical device after cascading is substantially the same as that in the polarization-independent optical device shown in FIG. 4, and will not be described in detail herein.
  • one polarization-independent optical device can be used to upload an optical signal
  • the other polarization-independent optical device can be used to download light.
  • the signal, therefore, the cascaded polarization-independent optical device 700 shown in FIG. 7A can also simultaneously implement the optical signals required for uploading and the optical signals required for downloading.
  • FIG. 8A is a schematic structural diagram of another cascading polarization-independent optical device 801 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the cascoded polarization-independent optical device 801 is shown in FIG.
  • the polarization-independent optical device 500 is cascaded. Since the two polarization-independent optical devices 500 shown in FIG. 5 are cascaded, it is only necessary to cascade the input and output pre-processing optical paths included in the two polarization-independent optical devices shown in FIG. 5. Therefore, FIG. 8A
  • the cascading structure of the input and output pre-processing optical paths included in the two polarization-independent optical devices shown in FIG. 5 is included, and the specific structure of the M upper download optical paths connected to each of the input and output pre-processed optical paths can be referred to FIG.
  • the upper download optical path is not described in detail in FIG. 8A.
  • the transmission mode of the first WDM signal in the polarization-independent optical device 800 after cascading is substantially the same as that in the polarization-independent optical device shown in FIG. 5, and will not be described in detail herein.
  • the cascaded polarization-independent optical device 802 includes a PSR 8021, a PSR 8022, an input-output splitter 8023, an input-output splitter 8024, an input-output splitter 8025, and an input-output splitter 8026.
  • the output port of the input/output splitter 8024 is connected to the input port of the input/output splitter 8025, and the output port of the input/output splitter 8023 is connected to the input port of the input/output splitter 8026.
  • the optical splitting port of the PSR8021 is connected to the input port of the input/output splitter 8023, and the optical splitting rotating port of the PSR8021 is connected to the input port of the input/output splitter 8024.
  • the output port of the input/output splitter 8025 is connected to the optical splitting port of the PSR8022, and the output port of the input/output splitter 8026 is connected to the optical splitting rotating port of the PSR8022.
  • FIG. 8B The specific locations of the ports included in the PSR and the input/output splitter in FIG. 8B can be referred to FIG. 2B and FIG. 2C, and will not be described in detail herein.
  • the first WDM signal passes through the PSR 8021, the input/output splitter 8023, the input/output splitter 8024, and the input/output splitter 8023 and the input.
  • the M upper download optical paths connected to the output separator 8024 upload the required optical signals and/or download the required optical signals to obtain two components of the optical signals of the respective wavelengths of the third WDM signal.
  • one of the components of the optical signals of the respective wavelengths of the third WDM signal is transmitted to the input port of the input/output splitter 8026 through the output port of the input/output splitter 8023, and the third WDM is passed through the output port of the input/output splitter 8024.
  • the other component of the optical signal of each wavelength in the signal is transmitted to the input port of the input/output splitter 8025 to continue uploading the required light through the M upper download optical paths connected to the input/output splitter 8025 and the input/output splitter 8026.
  • the signal and/or the desired optical signal is downloaded to obtain a second WDM signal and the second WDM signal is output through the PSR8022.
  • M upper download optical paths connected to the input/output splitter 8023 and the input/output splitter 8024, and M upper download optical paths connected to the input/output splitter 8025 and the input/output splitter 8026 may be downloaded from the M as shown in FIG. 5 or may be the M upper download optical paths as shown in FIG. 6.
  • the cascade structure shown in FIG. 8B can be further simplified to the cascade structure shown in FIG. 8C, that is, the four shown in FIG. 8B.
  • the three-port I/O splitter is replaced by two four-port I/O splitters.
  • the four ports of the four-port I/O splitter are referred to as 1-port, 2-port, 3-port, and 4-port, respectively, and the specific port positions are as shown in FIG. 8C.
  • the optical wavelength splitting port of the PSR8031 is connected to one port of the input/output splitter 8033
  • the optical splitting and rotating port of the PSR8031 is connected to one port of the input/output splitter 8034
  • the optical wave division of the four ports of the input/output splitter 8033 and the PSR8032 is connected
  • the 4-port of the input-output separator 8034 is connected to the optical beam splitting rotation port of the PSR8032.
  • the PSR8031 processes the first WDM signal to obtain a plurality of first Q TEs and a plurality of first P TEs .
  • the PSR8031 transmits the first Q TE to the one port of the input/output splitter 8033 through the optical beam splitting port, and transmits the plurality of first P TEs to the one port of the input/output splitter 8034 through the optical splitting and rotating port.
  • the plurality of first Q TEs are output from the two ports of the input/output separator 8033, and the plurality of first P TEs are output from the two ports of the input/output separator 8034.
  • Transmission is performed by M upper download optical paths connected to the 2-port of the input/output splitter 8033 and the 2-port of the input/output splitter 8034 to upload a desired optical signal and/or download a desired optical signal to obtain a fourth WDM.
  • the signal includes the Q TE and P TE of the optical signals of the respective wavelengths.
  • P TE optical signal of each wavelength of the WDM signal includes a fourth input 2 from the input and output ports of the splitter 8033, 3 outputted from the input-output port splitter 8033; the fourth WDM signal light including respective wavelength
  • the Q TE of the signal is input from the 2-port of the input/output splitter 8034, and is output from the 3-port of the input/output splitter 8034. Then, transmission is performed by M upper download optical paths connected to the 3-port of the input/output splitter 8033 and the 3-port of the input/output splitter 8034 to continue uploading the required optical signal and/or downloading the required optical signal to obtain the second
  • the WDM signal includes Q TE and P TE of optical signals of different wavelengths.
  • P TE optical signals having the respective wavelengths of the WDM signal comprising a second input from the input and output ports 3 splitter 8033 is output from the 4-port input-output splitter 8033, light waves entering the port PSR8032 beamsplitter.
  • Q TE optical signals having the respective wavelengths of the WDM signal comprising a second input from the input and output ports 3 splitter 8034 is output from the 4-port input-output splitter 8034, light waves entering the port PSR8032 partial beam rotation.
  • the Q TE and P TE of the optical signals of different wavelengths included in the second WDM signal are processed and merged in the PSR8032 to output a second WDM signal.
  • M upper download optical paths connected to the 2-port of the input/output splitter 8033 and the 2-port of the input/output splitter 8034, and the 3-port sum of the input/output splitter 8033 may be M upper download optical paths as shown in FIG. 5, or may be M upper download optical paths shown in FIG. 6.
  • the polarization-independent optical devices shown in FIG. 8C described above are connected in a cascade manner to obtain N polarizations as shown in FIG. 8D.
  • a cascading structure of unrelated optical devices That is, the 4-port I/O splitter 8033 and the input/output splitter 8034 shown in Fig. 8C are replaced by an N+2 port I/O splitter 8043 and an N+2 port I/O splitter 8044, respectively.
  • the specific positions of the N+2 ports of the input/output splitter 8043 and the input/output splitter 8044 are as shown in FIG. 8D.
  • the port 1 of the input/output separator 8043 is connected to the optical beam splitting port of the PSR8041, and the N+2 port of the input/output splitter 8043 is connected to the optical beam splitting port of the PSR8042.
  • One port of the input/output separator 8044 is connected to the optical beam splitting rotation port of the PSR8041, and the N+2 port of the input/output separator 8044 is connected to the optical beam splitting rotation port of the PSR8042.
  • M upper download optical paths are connected between the i port of the input/output separator 8043 and i of the input/output splitter 8043, where 2 ⁇ i ⁇ N+1.
  • the first WDM signal is uploaded and/or downloaded by the M upper download optical paths connected between the i port of the input/output splitter 8043 and the input/output splitter 8043 and the stage shown in FIG. 8C
  • the implementation of uploading and/or downloading optical signals by the polarization-independent optical devices is substantially the same, and will not be specifically described herein.
  • the M upper download optical paths connected between the i port of the input/output splitter 8043 and the i of the input/output splitter 8043 are the M upper download optical paths shown in FIG. 5, and may also be as shown in FIG. 6. M on the download light path.
  • the polarization-independent optical devices shown in FIG. 5 are connected in series to increase the number of channels for uploading the optical signal and downloading the optical signal, and therefore, the polarization after the cascade shown in FIG. 8A is irrelevant.
  • the optical device 801 can also simultaneously implement the optical signals required for uploading and the optical signals required for downloading.

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Abstract

本申请公开了一种偏振无关的光器件，属于光纤通信领域。该偏振无关的光器件包括输入输出预处理光路和M个上下载光路。由于任一个上下载光路可以用于下载满足该上下载光路包括的微环的谐振条件的第一Q TE和第一P TE，也即每个上下载光路可以用于下载需要的光信号；也可以用于将输入的光信号传输至输入输出预处理光路，也即每个上下载光路还可以用于上载需要的光信号。因此，当该M个上下载光路中的任一个上下载光路用于下载需要的光信号时，其他上下载光路就可以用于上载需要的光信号，也即，本申请提供的偏振无关的光器件可以同时实现下载需要的光信号和上载需要的光信号。

Description

一种偏振无关的光器件
本申请要求于2017年05月11日提交中华人民共和国国家知识产权局、申请号为201710330536.3、申请名称为“一种偏振无关的光器件”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及光纤通信领域，特别涉及一种偏振无关的光器件。
背景技术
随着光器件集成技术的发展，光器件的尺寸目前可以达到微米量级，致使光器件中用于传输光信号的波导的横截面积的尺寸也达到微米量级，此时光信号的横向电场(Transverse Electric，TE)模和横向磁场(Transverse Magnetic，TM)模这两个分量在有效折射率差以及群折射率等方面存在较大的差异，导致光信号在光器件中传输时产生偏振相关的损耗(Polarization Dependent Loss，PDL)和偏振模式色散(Polarization Mode Dispersion，PMD)，此时称光器件为偏振相关的光器件。当光信号在偏振相关的光器件中传输时，由于PDL和PMD的存在，导致光信号质量恶化。因此，在光纤通信中，偏振无关特性是对光器件的基本要求。另外，在光纤通信的波分系统中，通常需要对不同波长信号进行分插复用，也即需要对不同波长的光信号进行分离以及对不同波长的光信号进行汇合。因此，如何构造用于对光信号进行分插复用且偏振无关的光器件受到了人们的广泛关注。
图1为相关技术中的一种用于实现光信号分插复用的光器件的结构示意图，该光器件可以用于下载波分复用(Wavelength Division Multiplexing，WDM)信号中的任意波长的光信号或用于将不同波长的光信号上载。如图1所示，当该光器件用于分离WDM信号时，该光器件包括1个输入端口(Input)，n个输出端口R λ1、R λ2、…、R λn，以及n个微环滤波单元100 1、100 2、…、100 n。其中，微环滤波单元100 1用于分离波长为λ 1的光信号、微环滤波单元100 2用于分离波长为λ 2的光信号、…、微环滤波单元100 n用于分离波长为λ n的光信号。以微环滤波单元100 1为例说明该光器件对WDM信号进行分离的过程，该WDM信号包括n个不同波长的光信号，分别为λ 1、λ 2、…、λ n。当该WDM信号从输入端口进入时，通过偏振分束器(Polarization beam splitter，PBS)101将该WDM信号中每个波长的光信号分解为TE模和TM模这两个分量。将每个光信号的TE模标记为Q TE，TM模标记为P TM，且P TM通过偏振旋转器(Polarization rotator，PR)102转换为TE偏振，标记为P TE。另外，微环滤波单元100 1包括的微环103包括四个端口，分别为输入端口、直通端口、上载端口和下载端口。Q TE从微环103的输入端口进入，当Q TE对应的光信号的波长为满足微环103谐振条件的λ 1时，Q TE将从微环103的下载端口输出；与Q TE对应的P TE从103的直通端口进入，从微环103的上载端口输出，并再次通过另一个PR104转换为TM偏振P TM，Q TE和P TM进行汇合并从输出端口R λ1输出波长为λ 1的光信号，完成分离波长为λ 1的光信号，也即完成下载波长为λ 1的光信号。通过n个微环滤波单元100 1、100 2、…、100 n 将WDM信号中包括的n个不同波长的光信号分别分离出来。
同样地，当该光器件用于将不同波长的光信号进行汇合时，可以将上述的n个输出端口R λ1、R λ2、…、R λn作为该光器件的n个不同波长的光波输入端口，将上述的输入端口(Input)作为光信号汇合后的输出端口。之后，通过n个微环滤波单元100 1、100 2、…、100 n实现将n个不同波长的光信号进行汇合，也即通过光器件上载n个不同波长的光信号。由于在光信号进入微环滤波单元之前，将光信号进行了偏振分束和偏振旋转，使得经过该微环滤波单元的光信号仅包括一种模式的偏振，因此即使该光器件中包括的器件为偏振相关的器件，光信号在该光器件中传输时也不会产生PDL和PMD，也即该光器件为偏振无关的光器件。
对于图1所示的光器件，当该光器件用来分离WDM信号时，该光器件不能用于汇合不同波长的光信号；当该光器件用来汇合不同波长的光信号时，该光器件不能用于分离WDM信号，因此图1所示的光器件严重限制了对光信号进行分插复用的功能。
发明内容
为了解决相关技术中的光器件不能同时用于汇合不同波长的光信号和分离WDM信号的问题，本申请提供了一种偏振无关的光器件。所述偏振无关的光器件的结构如下：
所述偏振无关的光器件包括输入输出预处理光路和M个上下载光路，每个上下载光路均包括微环和第一偏振分束旋转器PSR，所述M大于1；
所述M个上下载光路包括的M个微环的输入端口与直通端口首尾相连，所述输入输出预处理光路的第一光波传输端口与第1个上下载光路包括的微环的输入端口连接，所述输入输出预处理光路的第二光波传输端口与第M个上下载光路包括的微环的直通端口连接；
其中，所述输入输出预处理光路用于将输入的第一波分复用WDM信号中多个不同波长的光信号分别处理为第一Q TE和第一P TE，并将处理后得到的多个第一Q TE和多个第一P TE传输至所述M个上下载光路包括的微环，Q  TE是指光信号的横向电场TE模，P TE是指光信号的横向磁场TM模被旋转为TE偏振的模；
对于所述M个上下载光路中的任一个上下载光路，所述上下载光路包括的微环与所述上下载光路包括的第一PSR连接；
其中，所述上下载光路包括的微环用于将所述多个第一Q TE中满足谐振条件的第一Q TE和所述多个第一P TE中满足谐振条件的第一P TE传输至与所述微环连接的第一PSR，所述上下载光路包括的第一PSR用于将接收到的第一Q TE和接收到的第一P TE进行处理后输出；
所述上下载光路包括的第一PSR还用于将输入的光信号处理为第二Q TE和第二P TE，并将所述第二Q TE和所述第二P TE传输至与所述第一PSR连接的微环，所述上下载光路包括的微环还用于将所述第二Q TE和所述第二P TE传输至所述输入输出预处理光路，所述输入输出预处理光路还用于将接收到的所述第二Q TE和所述第二P TE进行处理后输出。
由于任一个上下载光路可以用于下载满足其包括的微环谐振条件的第一Q TE和第一P TE，也即每个上下载光路可以用于下载需要的光信号；也可以用于将输入的光信号传输至输入输出预处理光路，也即每个上下载光路还可以用于上载需要的光信号。因此，当该M个上下载光路中的任一个上下载光路用于下载需要的光信号时，其他上下载光路就可以用于上载需要的光信号，也即，本申请提供的偏振无关的光器件可以同时实现下载需要的光 信号和上载需要的光信号。
可选地，所述上下载光路包括的微环还用于将所述多个第一Q TE中不满足谐振条件的第一Q TE和所述多个第一P TE中不满足谐振条件的第一P TE传输至所述输入输出预处理光路；
所述输入输出预处理光路还用于将不满足谐振条件的第一Q TE和不满足谐振条件的第一P TE处理后输出。
本申请提供的偏振无关的光器件除了可以同时实现下载需要的光信号和上载需要的光信号，还可以将第一WDM信号中不满足谐振条件的第一Q TE和第一P TE处理后输出，以实现光信号的穿通功能。
可选地，所述输入输出预处理光路包括第一输入输出分离器和第二PSR，所述第一输入输出分离器为偏振不敏感的光器件；
所述第一输入输出分离器包括输入端口、输出端口和光波传输端口，所述第二PSR包括光波传输端口、光波分束端口和光波分束旋转端口；
所述第一输入输出分离器的光波传输端口与所述第二PSR的光波传输端口连接，所述第二PSR的光波分束端口与所述M个上下载光路中的第1个上下载光路包括的微环的输入端口连接，所述第二PSR的光波分束旋转端口与所述M个上下载光路中的第M个上下载光路包括的微环的直通端口连接；
其中，所述第一输入输出分离器用于将包括的输入端口接收到的所述第一WDM信号通过所述第一输入输出分离器包括的光波传输端口传输至所述第二PSR，所述第二PSR用于将包括的光波传输端口接收到的所述第一WDM信号中的多个不同波长的光信号进行处理，得到多个第一Q TE和多个第一P TE，并将所述多个第一Q TE通过所述第二PSR包括的光波分束端口传输至第1个上下载光路包括的微环的输入端口，将所述多个第一P TE通过所述第二PSR包括的光波分束端口传输至第M个上下载光路包括的微环的直通端口；
所述第二PSR还用于将包括的光波分束旋转端口接收到的所述第二Q TE旋转为第二Q TM，并将所述第二Q TM与所述第二PSR包括的光波分束端口接收到的所述第二P TE汇合，并将汇合后的所述第二Q TM与所述第二P TE通过所述第二PSR包括光波传输端口传输至所述第一输入输出分离器的光波传输端口，所述第一输入输出分离器还用于将汇合后的所述第二Q TM与所述第二P TE通过所述第一输入输出分离器包括的输出端口输出，Q TM是指Q TE被旋转为TM偏振的模。
上述提供的偏振无关的光器件用于输入输出预处理光路包括输入输出分离器为偏振不敏感的光器件的场景。
可选地，所述输入输出预处理光路包括第二输入输出分离器、第三输入输出分离器、第三PSR和第四PSR，所述第二输入输出分离器和所述第三输入输出分离器均为偏振敏感的光器件；
所述第二输入输出分离器和所述第三输入输出分离器均包括输入端口、输出端口和光波传输端口，所述第三PSR和所述第四PSR均包括光波传输端口、光波分束端口和光波分束旋转端口；
所述第三PSR的光波分束端口与所述第二输入输出分离器的输入端口连接，所述第三PSR的光波分束旋转端口与所述第三输入输出分离器的输入端口连接，所述第二输入输出分离器的输出端口与所述第四PSR的光波分束端口连接，所述第四PSR的光波分束旋转端 口与所述第三输入输出分离器的输出端口连接；
所述第二输入输出分离器的光波传输端口与所述M个上下载光路中的第1个上下载光路包括的微环的输入端口连接，所述第三输入输出分离器的光波传输端口与所述M个上下载光路中的第M个上下载光路包括的微环直通端口连接；
其中，所述第三PSR用于将包括的光波传输端口接收到的所述第一WDM信号中的多个不同波长的光信号进行处理，得到多个第一Q TE和多个第一P TE，并通过所述第三PSR包括的光波分束端口向所述第二输入输出分离器的输入端口传输所述多个第一Q TE，通过所述第三PSR包括的光波分束旋转端口向所述第三输入输出分离器的输入端口传输所述多个第一P TE，所述第二输入输出分离器用于通过包括的光波传输端口向所述M个上下载光路包括的微环传输所述多个第一Q TE，所述第三输入输出分离器用于通过包括的光波传输端口向所述M个上下载光路包括的微环传输所述多个第一P TE；
所述第三输入输出分离器还用于通过包括的光波传输端口接收所述第二Q TE，并通过所述第三输入输出分离器包括的输出端口将所述第二Q TE传输至所述第四PSR的光波分束旋转端口，所述第二输入输出分离器还用于通过包括的光波传输端口接收所述第二P TE，并通过所述第二输入输出分离器包括的输出端口将第二P TE传输至所述第四PSR的光波分束端口，所述第四PSR还用于将所述第二Q TE旋转为第二Q TM，将所述第二Q TM与所述第二P TE汇合，并将汇合后的所述第二Q TM与所述第二P TE通过所述第四PSR包括的光波传输端口输出。
上述提供的偏振无关的光器件用于输入输出预处理光路包括输入输出分离器为偏振敏感的光器件的场景。
可选地，所述上下载光路包括的微环还包括上载端口和下载端口，所述上下载光路包括的第一PSR包括光波传输端口、光波分束端口和光波分束旋转端口；
所述上下载光路包括的微环的上载端口与所述上下载光路包括的第一PSR的光波分束端口连接，所述上下载光路包括的微环的下载端口与所述上下载光路包括的第一PSR的光波分束旋转端口连接；
其中，所述第一PSR用于将包括的光波分束旋转端口接收到的满足谐振条件的第一Q TE旋转为第一Q TM，并将所述第一Q TM与所述第一PSR包括的光波分束端口接收到的满足谐振条件的第一P TE汇合后通过所述第一PSR包括的光波传输端口输出；
所述第一PSR还用于将包括的光波传输端口输入的光信号处理为第二Q TE和第二P TE，并将所述第二Q TE通过所述第一PSR包括的光波分束端口传输至所述微环的上载端口，将所述第二P TE通过所述第一PSR包括的光波分束端口传输至所述微环的下载端口。
对于该偏振无关的光器件中的M个上下载光路中的任一个上下载光路，该上下载光路包括的微环和该上下载光路包括的第一PSR通过端口相连。
可选地，所述上下载光路还包括第四输入输出分离器；
所述第四输入输出分离器包括输入端口、输出端口和光波传输端口；
所述第一PSR的光波传输端口与所述第四输入输出分离器的光波传输端口连接；
所述第四输入输出分离器的输入端口用于输入需要上载的光信号，所述第四输入输出分离器的输出端口用于输出需要下载的光信号。
进一步地，为了使每个上下载光路都可以同时用于下载光信号和上载光信号，每个上 下载光路还可以包括第四输入输出分离器。
可选地，其特征在于，所述微环为谐振波长可调的微环，所述微环的自由光谱区FSR覆盖所述第一WDM信号和第二WDM信号包括的所有光信号的波长，所述第二WDM信号为从所述偏振无关的光器件输出的光信号。
为了使每个上下载光路包括的微环可以下载第一WDM中的任一波长的光信号，也可以上载任意波长的光信号，本申请提供的微环为谐振波长可调的微环。
可选地，所述第一输入输出分离器、所述第二输入输出分离器、所述第三输入输出分离器和所述第四输入输出分离器中的任一个为多端口的光环形器或者为多端口的耦合器。
本申请提供的输入输出分离器可以为多端口的光环形器，也可以为多端口的耦合器。
可选地，所述多个第一Q TE中满足谐振条件的第一Q TE在所述偏振无关的光器件中的传输光路的光程和所述多个第一P TE中满足谐振条件的第一P TE在所述偏振无关的光器件中的传输光路的光程相同，所述多个第一Q TE中不满足谐振条件的第一Q TE在所述偏振无关的光器件中的传输光路的光程和所述多个第一P TE中不满足谐振条件的第一P TE在所述偏振无关的光器件中的传输光路的光程相同，所述第二Q TE在所述偏振无关的光器件中的传输光路的光程和所述第二P TE在所述偏振无关的光器件中的传输光路的光程相同。
进一步地，为了减少PDL损耗，光信号的两个分量在该偏振无关的光器件中传输的光路的光程相同。
本申请提供的技术方案带来的有益效果是：
本申请提供的偏振无关的光器件包括输入输出预处理光路和M个上下载光路。其中，输入输出预处理光路可以将第一WDM信号中多个不同波长的光信号分别处理为第一Q TE和第一P TE，由于Q  TE是指光信号的TE模，P TE是指光信号的TM模被旋转为TE偏振的模，也即，第一WDM信号经过输入输出预处理光路处理之后仅包括一种偏振方式，因此本申请提供的光器件为偏振无关的光器件。另外，由于任一个上下载光路可以用于下载满足该上下载光路包括的微环的谐振条件的第一Q TE和第一P TE，也即每个上下载光路可以用于下载需要的光信号；也可以用于将输入的光信号传输至输入输出预处理光路，也即每个上下载光路还可以用于上载需要的光信号。因此，当该M个上下载光路中的任一个上下载光路用于下载需要的光信号时，其他上下载光路就可以用于上载需要的光信号，也即，本申请提供的偏振无关的光器件可以同时实现下载需要的光信号和上载需要的光信号。
附图说明
图1为相关技术中的一种用于实现光信号分插复用的光器件的结构示意图；
图2A为本发明实施例提供的一种微环的结构示意图；
图2B为本发明实施例提供的一种PSR的结构示意图；
图2C为本发明实施例提供的一种输入输出分离器的结构示意图；
图3是本发明实施例提供的一种偏振无关的光器件的结构示意图；
图4是本发明实施例提供的另一种偏振无关的光器件的结构示意图；
图5是本发明实施例提供的另一种偏振无关的光器件的结构示意图；
图6是本发明实施例提供的另一种偏振无关的光器件的结构示意图；
图7A为本发明实施例提供的一种级联后的偏振无关的光器件的结构示意图；
图7B(a)为本发明实施例提供的一种偏振无关的光器件的级联方式示意图；
图7B(b)为本发明实施例提供的另一种偏振无关的光器件的级联方式示意图；
图8A为本发明实施例提供的另一种级联后的偏振无关的光器件的结构示意图；
图8B为本发明实施例提供的另一种级联后的偏振无关的光器件的结构示意图；
图8C为本发明实施例提供的另一种级联后的偏振无关的光器件的结构示意图；
图8D为本发明实施例提供的另一种级联后的偏振无关的光器件的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
为使本申请的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合附图对本申请实施方式作进一步地详细描述。
在对本发明实施例进行详细的解释说明之前，先对本发明实施例涉及的光器件的结构和功能进行简单介绍。
(1)微环
微环是指用于光学滤波的一种结构，图2A为本发明实施例提供的一种微环的结构示意图，如图2A所示，该微环包括两条平行的直波导和与该两条平行的直波导耦合的环形波导R。这两个直波导可以通过定向耦合器或多模干涉(Multimode Interference，MMI)耦合器与环形波导R耦合，耦合之后的微环包括四个端口，分别为输入端口(input port)、直通端口(throughput port)、下载端口(drop port)和上载端口(add port)，为了便于说明，在图2A以及后续的实施例附图中，将微环的输入端口标记为i，将微环的直通端口标记为t，将微环的下载端口标记为d，将微环的上载端口标记为a。
如图2A所示，当满足谐振条件的光信号从一条直波导的某个端口输入时，将从另外一条直波导的对应端口输出。也即，当满足谐振条件的光信号从微环的输入端口输入时，该光信号将从微环的下载端口输出；当满足谐振条件的光信号从微环的直通端口输入时，该光信号将从微环的上载端口输出；当满足谐振条件的光信号从微环的下载端口输入时，该光信号将从微环的输入端口输出；当满足谐振条件的光信号从微环的上载端口输入时，该光信号将从微环的直通端口输出。其中，满足谐振条件的光信号的波长满足如下公式：
L×N eff＝mλ，
其中m为整数，L为微环包括的环形波导的周长，N eff为环形波导R的有效折射率，λ为满足谐振条件的光信号的波长。
当不满足谐振条件的光信号从微环的一条直波导的某个端口输入时，将从该直波导的另一个端口输出。也即，当不满足谐振条件的光信号从微环的输入端口输入时，该光信号将从该微环的直通端口输出，当不满足谐振条件的光信号从微环的下载端口输入时，该光信号将从该微环的上载端口输出。
例如，当从图2A所示的微环的输入端口输入三个不同波长的光信号λ 1、λ 2和λ 3，从微环的上载端口输入另一个波长的光信号λ A，其中λ 2和λ A满足该微环的谐振条件的光信号。从微环的输入端口输入的光信号λ 2将从微环的下载端口输出；从微环的上载端口输入的光信号λ A则从微环的直通端口输出。而不满足谐振条件的光信号λ 1和λ 3将直接从微环的直通端口输出。
值得注意的是，本发明实施例提供的微环为谐振波长可调的微环，也即可以通过对该微环周围的环境信息如温度进行调节，以实现调节该微环的谐振波长。为了后续便于说明，将输入本发明实施例提供的偏振无关的光器件的WDM信号称为第一WDM信号，由于微环的谐振波长可以调节，因此，为了使微环可以实现对输入的WDM信号包括的不同波长的光信号中的任一波长的光信号进行下载，该微环的自由光谱区(Free Spectral Range，FSR)应覆盖该第一WDM信号和第二WDM信号包括的所有光信号的波长。
(2)偏振分束旋转器(Polarization splitter and rotator，PSR)
PSR是指可以同时将光信号进行偏振分束处理和偏振旋转处理的一种光器件，图2B为本发明实施例提供的一种PSR的结构示意图，如图2B所示，PSR包括三个端口，分别为光波传输端口、光波分束旋转端口和光波分束端口。
当从PSR的光波传输端口输入光信号时，PSR将该输入的光信号进行偏振分束处理，得到该光信号的两个分量Q TE和P TM。PSR将从光波分束端口输出两个分量中的一个，将另一个分量进行偏振旋转处理，并将进行偏振旋转处理后的另一个分量从PSR的光波分束旋转端口输出。例如，PSR从光波分束端口输出Q TE，同时将光信号的另一个分量旋转为偏振方式为TE偏振，也即将P TM旋转为P TE，并将P TE从PSR的光波分束旋转端口输出。
当从PSR的光波分束端口和光波分束旋转端口分别输入某个光信号的两个分量时，PSR将从光波分束旋转端口输入的分量进行偏振旋转处理，并将进行偏振旋转处理后的分量和从光波分束端口输入的另一个分量进行汇合，得到该某个光信号，并将该某个光信号从PSR的光波传输端口输出。例如，当PSR从光波分束端口接收到光信号的一个分量P TE，从光波分束旋转端口接收到光信号的另一个分量Q TE时，PSR将Q TE旋转为偏振方式为TM偏振的模，也即将Q TE旋转为Q TM，并将P TE和Q TM进行汇合，然后从PSR的光波传输端口输出汇合后的P TE和Q TM。其中，Q TM是指Q TE被旋转为TM偏振的模。
(3)输入输出分离器
输入输出分离器是指将光信号的输入端口和输出端口分开的一种光器件，其中，输入输出分离器可以为多端口环形器，也可以为多端口耦合器。
图2C为本发明实施例提供的一种输入输出分离器的结构示意图，该输入输出分离器为三端口环形器，该三端口环形器包括三个端口,分别为输入端口、光波传输端口和输出端口。该三端口环形器的主要功能为：将输入该三个端口中的任一端口的光信号，按照一定的方向顺序从下一个端口输出。也即，当从输入端口输入光信号时，该光信号将从该三端口环形器的光波传输端口输出；当从光波传输端口输入光信号时，该光信号将从该三端口环形器的输出端口输出。需要说明的是，该一定方向顺序为预设顺序，如图2C所示，该预设顺序为1-2-3的顺序，当光信号按照与该预设顺序相反的顺序传播时，该光信号的能量将被衰减。
另外，对本发明实施例的应用场景进行介绍。由于光器件集成技术的发展，光器件的尺寸越来越小，当光信号在尺寸较小的光器件中传播时，由于PDL和PMD的存在，导致光信号质量恶化。因此，偏振无关特性是对集成光器件的一个挑战，而本申请就应用于如何构造偏振无关的且用于对光信号进行分插复用的光器件的场景中。
下面将结合附图为对本发明实施例提供的偏振无关的光器件以及通过该偏振无关的光器件对WDM信号进行分插复用的方法进行详细说明。为了后续便于说明，将输入该偏振无关的光器件的WDM光信号称为第一WDM信号，将从该偏振无关的光器件输出的WDM信号称为第二WDM信号。
图3是本发明实施例提供的一种偏振无关的光器件300的结构示意图，如图3所示，该偏振无关的光器件300包括输入输出预处理光路301和M个上下载光路302，每个上下载光路均包括微环303和第一PSR304，该M为大于1的整数。
其中，M个上下载光路302包括的M个微环的输入端口与直通端口首尾相连，输入输出预处理光路301的第一光波传输端口305与第1个上下载光路包括的微环的输入端口连接，输入输出预处理光路301的第二光波传输端口306与第M个上下载光路包括的微环的直通端口连接。
对于该M个上下载光路中的任一个上下载光路，该上下载光路包括的微环与该上下载光路包括的第一PSR连接。具体地，参见图3该上下载光路包括的微环的上载端口与该上下载光路包括的第一PSR的光波分束端口连接，该上下载光路包括的微环的下载端口与该上下载光路包括的第一PSR的光波分束旋转端口连接。其中，图3中微环的四个端口和第一PSR的三个端口的具体位置详见图2A和图2B，在此不再图3中详细说明。
为了充分理解图3所示的偏振无关的光器件300的结构，在此对该偏振无关的光器件300中的输入输出预处理光路301和上下载光路302的功能进行介绍。
其中，该输入输出预处理光路301用于将输入端口307输入的第一WDM信号中多个不同波长的光信号分别处理为第一Q TE和第一P TE，并将处理后得到的多个第一Q TE和多个第一P TE传输至M个上下载光路包括的微环，Q  TE是指光信号的TE模，P TE是指光信号的TM模被旋转为TE偏振的模。
对于M个上下载光路中的任一个上下载光路302，该上下载光路302包括的微环用于将该多个第一Q TE中满足谐振条件的第一Q TE和该多个第一P TE中满足谐振条件的第一P TE传输至与该微环连接的第一PSR，该上下载光路包括的第一PSR用于将接收到的第一Q TE和接收到的第一P TE进行处理后输出。
具体地，为了使光信号的两个分量在该偏振无关的光器件中被旋转的次数相同，以减少PDL损耗，该上下载光路包括的第一PSR用于将接收到的第一Q TE旋转为第一Q TM，并将该第一Q TM与接收到的第一P TE汇合后通过包括的光波传输端口输出。其中，Q TM是指Q TE被旋转为TM偏振的模。
值得注意的是，该上下载光路包括的第一PSR也可以用于将接收到的第一P TE进行旋转，并将旋转后的第一P TE和该第一Q TE汇合后通过包括的光波传输端口输出。此时，对于该偏振无关的光器件中的每个上下载光路，该上下载光路中的微环和第一PSR的连接方式和图3所示的微环和第一PSR的连接方式相反。也即，该上下载光路包括的微环的上载端口与该上下载光路包括的第一PSR的光波分束旋转端口连接，该上下载光路包括的微环的下载端口与该上下载光路包括的第一PSR的光波分束端口连接。
另外，该上下载光路包括的微环还用于将该多个第一Q TE中不满足谐振条件的第一Q TE和该多个第一P TE中不满足谐振条件的第一P TE传输至输入输出预处理光路。输入输出预处理光路将不满足谐振条件的第一Q TE和不满足谐振条件的第一P TE处理后输出。具体地，输 入输出预处理光路还用于将不满足谐振条件的第一Q TE旋转为第一Q TM，并将该第一Q TM与不满足谐振条件的第一P TE汇合后得到第二WDM信号中的一个光信号，并通过输出端口308输出该第二WDM信号中的一个光信号。
该上下载光路302包括的第一PSR304还用于将输入的光信号处理为第二Q TE和第二P TE，并将该第二Q TE和第二P TE传输至与该第一PSR304连接的微环303。相应地，该上下载光路包括的微环303还用于将该第二Q TE和该第二P TE传输至该输入输出预处理光路301。该输入输出预处理光路301将接收到的第二Q TE和第二P TE进行处理后输出。具体地，该输入输出预处理光路301还用于将该第二Q TE旋转为第二Q TM，并将该第二Q TM与该第二P TE汇合后得到第二WDM信号中的一个光信号，并通过输出端口308输出该第二WDM信号中的一个光信号。
进一步地，为了避免由于光信号的两个分量在该偏振无关的光器件中传输的光程不同而导致出现PDL损耗和PMD，对于图3所示的偏振无关的光器件，光信号的两个分量在该偏振无关的光器件300中的两个传输光路的光程相同。也即，多个第一Q TE中满足谐振条件的第一Q TE在偏振无关的光器件300中的传输光路的光程和多个第一P TE中满足谐振条件的第一P TE在偏振无关的光器件中300的传输光路的光程相同；多个第一Q TE中不满足谐振条件的第一Q TE在偏振无关的光器件300中的传输光路的光程和多个第一P TE中不满足谐振条件的第一P TE在偏振无关的光器件中300的传输光路的光程相同；第二Q TE在偏振无关的光器件300中的传输光路的光程和第二P TE在偏振无关的光器件300中的传输光路的光程相同。
具体地，确定偏振无关的光器件中用于传输光信号的其中一个分量的波导的长度，得到第一长度；确定偏振无关的光器件中用于传输光信号的另一个分量的波导的长度，得到第二长度。其中，当第一长度和第二长度相同时，即可实现光信号的两个分量在该偏振无关的光器件中的两个传输光路的光程相同。
下面对通过图3所示的偏振无关的光器件的工作原理进行详细说明。图3所示的偏振无关的光器件在对光信号进行分插复用主要包括以下三个过程。
(1)该偏振无关的光器件300用于下载光信号的过程。
如图3所示，输入输出预处理光路301的输入端口307接收第一WDM信号，对该第一WDM信号中的多个不同波长的光信号分别进行处理，得到多个第一Q TE和多个第一P TE，该输入输出预处理光路301将得到的多个第一Q TE和多个第一P TE传输至M个上下载光路包括的微环303。对于M个上下载光路中的任一个上下载光路，该上下载光路包括的微环303从该多个第一Q TE中选择满足谐振条件的第一Q TE，从该多个第一P TE中选择满足谐振条件的第一P TE，并将选择的第一Q TE和选择的第一P TE中传输至第一PSR304，以使第一PSR304将接收到的第一Q TE旋转为第一Q TM，并将第一Q TM与接收到的第一P TE汇合后通过包括的光波传输端口输出，以得到需要下载的光信号。
具体地，该输入输出预处理光路301将得到的多个第一Q TE通过该输入输出预处理光路301包括的第一光波传输端口305传输至第一个上下载光路包括的微环303的输入端口，该输入输出预处理光路301将得到的多个第一P TE通过该输入输出预处理光路301包括的第二光波传输端口306传输至第M个上下载光路包括的微环的直通端口。对于该M个上下载光路中的任一上下载光路，该上下载光路包括的微环303通过包括的下载端口将选择的第 一Q TE传输至第一PSR304的光波分束旋转端口，该上下载光路包括的微环303通过包括的上载端口将选择的第一P TE传输至第一PSR304的光波分束端口。
(2)该偏振无关的光器件300用于上载光信号的过程。
当该偏振无关的光器件300用于上载光信号时，也即，当图3所示的M个上下载光路中的任一个上下载光路包括的第一PSR304接收到输入的光信号时，该第一PSR304将输入的光信号处理为第二Q TE和第二P TE，并将第二Q TE和第二P TE传输至与该第一PSR304连接的微环303，微环303将第二Q TE和第二P TE传输至输入输出预处理光路301，输入输出预处理光路301将第二Q TE旋转为第二Q TM，并将第二Q TM与第二P TE汇合后得到第二WDM信号中的一个光信号，并通过该输入输出预处理光路301的输出端口308输出该第二WDM信号中的一个光信号。
具体地，第一PSR304通过包括的光波分束传输端口向微环303的上载端口传输第二Q TE，第一PSR304通过包括的光波分束旋转端口向微环303的下载端口传输第二P TE。微环301通过包括的直通端口向输入输出预处理光路301的第二光波传输端口306传输第二Q TE，微环303通过包括的输入端口向输入输出预处理光路301的第一光波传输端口305传输第二P TE。
(3)该偏振无关的光器件300用于光信号穿通的过程。
对于M个上下载光路中的任一个上下载光路，该上下载光路包括的微环303将该多个第一Q TE中不满足谐振条件的第一Q TE和该多个第一P TE中不满足谐振条件的第一P TE传输至输入输出预处理光路301。该输入输出预处理光路301将不满足谐振条件的第一Q TE旋转为第一Q TM，并将第一Q TM与不满足谐振条件的第一P TE汇合后得到第二WDM信号中的一个光信号，通过该输入输出预处理光路301的输出端口308输出该第二WDM信号中的一个光信号。
具体地，该上下载光路包括的微环303将该多个第一Q TE中不满足谐振条件的第一Q TE和从微环303的输入端口传输至微环303的直通端口，以将该不满足谐振条件的第一Q TE传输至下一个上下载光路包括的微环的输入端口，下一个上下载光路的微环在确定该第一Q TE不满足谐振条件时，从该下一个上下载光路的微环的直通端口输出该第一Q TE，以此类推，直至所有的上下载光路确定该第一Q TE不满足谐振条件，此时最后一个上下载光路的微环通过包括的直通端口将该第一Q TE传输至输入输出预处理光路的301的第二光波传输端口306。
相应地，不满足谐振条件的第一P TE在偏振无关的光器件300中的传输光路与不满足谐振条件的第一Q TE的传输光路相反，在此不做详细阐述。
对于图3所示的偏振无关的光器件300，由于每个上下载光路可以用于下载满足该上下载光路包括的微环的谐振条件的第一Q TE和第一P TE，也即每个上下载光路可以用于下载需要的光信号；也可以用于将输入的光信号传输至输入输出预处理光路，以得到第二WDM信号中的一个光信号，也即每个上下载光路还可以用于上载需要的光信号。因此，当该M个上下载光路中的任一个上下载光路用于下载需要的光信号时，其他上下载光路就可以用于上载需要的光信号，也即，本发明实施例提供的偏振无关的光器件300可以同时实现下载需要的光信号和上载需要的光信号。
由于输入输出预处理光路包括的输入输出分离器可能为偏振敏感的光器件，也可能为偏振不敏感的光器件，因此图3所示的输入输出预处理光路301存在两种结构，下面将对这两种结构进行详细描述。
图4是本发明实施例提供的另一种偏振无关的光器件400的结构示意图，该偏振无关的光器件应用于输入输出预处理光路中包括的输入输出分离器为偏振不敏感的光器件的场景。如图4所示，该偏振无关的光器件400包括输入输出预处理光路401和M个上下载光路402，每个上下载光路均包括微环403和第一PSR404。该输入输出预处理光路401包括第一输入输出分离器405和第二PSR406。
该第一输入输出分离器405包括输入端口、输出端口和光波传输端口，该第二PSR406包括光波传输端口、光波分束端口和光波分束旋转端口。
如图4所示，第一输入输出分离器405的光波传输端口与第二PSR406的光波传输端口连接，第二PSR406的光波分束端口与M个上下载光路中的第1个上下载光路包括的微环403的输入端口连接，第二PSR406的光波分束旋转端口与M个上下载光路中的第M个上下载光路包括的微环403的直通端口连接。其中，微环403的四个端口、第一PSR404的三个端口、第一输入输出分离器405的三个端口、以及第二PSR406的三个端口的具体位置详见图2A、图2B以及图2C，在此不再图4中详细说明。
此时，第一输入输出分离器405的输入端口为该输入输出预处理光路的输入端口，也即该第一输入输出分离器405的输入端口用于输入第一WDM信号。第一输入输出分离器405的输出端口为该输入输出预处理光路的输出端口，也即第一输入输出分离器的输出端口用于输出第二WDM信号。
其中，图4所示的偏振无关的光器件的上下载光路和图3所示的偏振无关的光器件的上下载光路的结构相同，在此不做详细描述。
另外，对于图4所示的偏振无关的光器件，同样需满足光信号的两个分量在该偏振无关的光器件中的两个传输光路的光程相同。具体实现过程详见图3所示的偏振无关的光器件的实现过程。
下面对图4所示的偏振无关的光器件的工作原理进行详细说明。图4所示的偏振无关的光器件在对光信号进行分插复用时同样包括以下三个过程。
(1)该偏振无关的光器件400用于下载光信号的过程。
第一输入输出分离器405通过包括的输入端口接收第一WDM信号，通过第一输入输出分离器405包括的光波传输端口向第二PSR406传输该第一WDM信号。第二PSR406通过包括的光波传输端口接收第一WDM信号，将第一WDM信号中的多个不同波长的光信号进行处理，得到多个第一Q TE和多个第一P TE。第二PSR406通过包括的光波分束传输端口向M个上下载光路包括的微环传输多个第一Q TE，第二PSR406通过包括的光波分束旋转端口向M个上下载光路包括的微环传输多个第一P TE。
具体地，如图4所示，第二PSR406通过包括的光波分束传输端口向第1个上下载光路包括的微环403的输入端口传输多个第一Q TE，第二PSR406通过包括的光波分束旋转端口向第M个上下载光路包括的微环403的直通端口传输多个第一P TE。
对于该M个上下载光路中的任一个上下载光路，该上下载光路包括的微环403从该多个第一Q TE中选择满足谐振条件的第一Q TE，从该多个第一P TE中选择满足谐振条件的第一 P TE，微环403通过包括的下载端口将选择的第一Q TE传输至第一PSR404的光波分束旋转端口，微环403通过包括的上载端口将选择的第一P TE传输至第一PSR404的光波分束端口，以使该第一PSR将接收到的第一Q TE旋转为第一Q TM，并将第一Q TM与接收到的第一P TE汇合后通过该第一PSR404包括的光波传输端口输出，以得到需要下载的光信号。
(2)该偏振无关的光器件400用于上载光信号的过程。
当图4所示的M个上下载光路中的任一个上下载光路包括的第一PSR404接收到输入的光信号时，该第一PSR404将输入的光信号处理为第二Q TE和第二P TE，并将第二Q TE和第二P TE传输至与第一PSR404连接的微环403。微环403向第二PSR406的光波分束旋转端口传输第二Q TE，微环403向第二PSR406的光波分束端口传输第二P TE。第二PSR406将第二Q TE旋转为第二Q TM，并将第二Q TM与第二P TE汇合，并将汇合后的第二Q TM与第二P TE通过该第二PSR406包括光波传输端口传输至第一输入输出分离器405的光波传输端口。第一输入输出分离器405通过包括的输出端口输出该汇合后的第二Q TM与第二P TE，以得到该第二WDM信号中的一个光信号。
具体地，第一PSR404通过包括的光波分束传输端口向微环403的上载端口传输第二Q TE，第一PSR404通过包括的光波分束旋转端口向微环403的下载端口传输第二P TE。微环401通过包括的直通端口向第二PSR406的光波分束旋转端口传输第二Q TE，微环403通过包括的输入端口向第二PSR406的光波分束端口传输第二P TE。
(3)该偏振无关的光器件400用于光信号穿通的过程。
对于M个上下载光路中的任一个上下载光路，该上下载光路包括的微环303将该多个第一Q TE中不满足谐振条件的第一Q TE和从微环303的输入端口传输至微环303的直通端口，以将该不满足谐振条件的第一Q TE传输至下一个上下载光路包括的微环的输入端口，下一个上下载光路的微环在确定该第一Q TE不满足谐振条件时，从该下一个上下载光路的微环的直通端口输出该第一Q TE，以此类推，直至所有的上下载光路确定该第一Q TE不满足谐振条件，此时最后一个上下载光路的微环通过包括的直通端口将该第一Q TE传输至第二PSR406的光波分束旋转端口。相应地，最后一个上下载光路的微环通过包括的输入端口将不满足谐振条件的第一P TE传输至第二PSR406的光波分束端口。
第二PSR406将不满足谐振条件的第一Q TE旋转为第一Q TM，并将第一Q TM与不满足谐振条件的第一P TE汇合，并将汇合后的第一Q TM与第一P TE通过该第二PSR406包括光波传输端口传输至第一输入输出分离器405的光波传输端口。第一输入输出分离器405通过包括的输出端口输出该汇合后的第一Q TM与第一P TE，以得到该第二WDM信号中的一个光信号。
对于图4所示的偏振无关的光器件400，由于每个上下载光路可以用于下载满足该上下载光路包括的微环的谐振条件的第一Q TE和第一P TE，也即每个上下载光路可以用于下载需要的光信号；也可以用于将输入的光信号传输至输入输出预处理光路，以得到第二WDM信号中的一个光信号，也即每个上下载光路还可以用于上载需要的光信号。因此，当该M个上下载光路中的任一个上下载光路用于下载需要的光信号时，其他上下载光路就可以用于上载需要的光信号，也即，本发明实施例提供的偏振无关的光器件400可以同时实现下载需要的光信号和上载需要的光信号。
图5是本发明实施例提供的另一种偏振无关的光器件500的结构示意图，该偏振无关的光器件应用于输入输出预处理光路中包括的输入输出分离器为偏振敏感的光器件的场景。如图5所示，该偏振无关的光器件500包括输入输出预处理光路501和M个上下载光路502，每个上下载光路均包括微环503和第一PSR504。该输入输出预处理光路501包括第二输入输出分离器505、第三输入输出分离器506、第三PSR507和第四PSR508。
第二输入输出分离器505和第三输入输出分离器506均包括输入端口、输出端口和光波传输端口，第三PSR507和第四PSR508均包括光波传输端口、光波分束端口和光波分束旋转端口。
其中，第三PSR507的光波分束端口与第二输入输出分离器505的输入端口连接，第三PSR507的光波分束旋转端口与第三输入输出分离器506的输入端口连接，第二输入输出分离器505的输出端口与第四PSR508的光波分束端口连接，第四PSR508的光波分束旋转端口与第三输入输出分离器506的输出端口连接。
第二输入输出分离器505的光波传输端口与M个上下载光路中第1个上下载光路包括的微环503的输入端口连接，第三输入输出分离器506的光波传输端口与M个上下载光路中第M个上下载光路包括的微环503的直通端口连接。
对于图5所示的偏振无关的光器件，第三PSR507的光波传输端口用于输入第一WDM信号，也即第三PSR507的光波传输端口为该输入输出与处理光路501的输入端口。第四PSR508的光波传输端口用于输出第二WDM信号，也即第四PSR508的光波传输端口为该输入输出与处理光路501的输出端口。
其中，图5中的第二输入输出分离器505和第三输入输出分离器506包括的端口的具体位置可以参考图2C所示的输入输出分离器的结构。第三PSR507和第四PSR508包括的端口的具体位置可以参考图2B所示的PSR的结构。
另外，图5所示的偏振无关的光器件的上下载光路和图3所示的偏振无关的光器件的上下载光路的结构相同，在此不做详细描述。并且，对于图5所示的偏振无关的光器件，同样需满足光信号的两个分量在该偏振无关的光器件中的两个传输光路的光程相同，具体实现过程详见图3所示的偏振无关的光器件的实现过程。
下面对通过图5所示的偏振无关的光器件的工作原理进行详细说明。图5所示的偏振无关的光器件在对光信号进行分插复用时同样包括以下三个过程。
(1)该偏振无关的光器件500用于下载光信号的过程。
第三PSR507通过包括的光波传输端口接收第一WDM信号，将第一WDM信号中的多个不同波长的光信号进行处理，得到多个第一Q TE和多个第一P TE。第三PSR507通过包括的光波分束端口向第二输入输出分离器505的输入端口传输多个第一Q TE，第三PSR507通过包括的光波分束旋转端口向第三输入输出分离器506的输入端口传输多个第一P TE。第二输入输出分离器505通过包括的光波传输端口向M个上下载光路包括的微环503传输多个第一Q TE，第三输入输出分离器506通过包括的光波传输端口向M个上下载光路包括的微环传输多个第一P TE。
具体地，第二输入输出分离器505通过包括的光波传输端口向M个上下载光路中中第1个上下载光路包括的微环503的输入端口传输多个第一Q TE，第三输入输出分离器506通过包括的光波传输端口向M个上下载光路中第M个上下载光路包括的微环的直通端口传输 多个第一P TE。
对于该M个上下载光路中的任一个上下载光路，该上下载光路包括的微环503从该多个第一Q TE中选择满足谐振条件的第一Q TE，从该多个第一P TE中选择满足谐振条件的第一P TE，微环503通过包括的下载端口将选择的第一Q TE传输至第一PSR504的光波分束旋转端口，微环503通过包括的上载端口将选择的第一P TE传输至第一PSR504的光波分束端口，以使该第一PSR将接收到的第一Q TE旋转为第一Q TM，并将第一Q TM与接收到的第一P TE汇合后通过该第一PSR504包括的光波传输端口输出，以得到需要下载的光信号。
(2)该偏振无关的光器件500用于上载光信号的过程。
当图5所示的M个上下载光路中的任一个上下载光路包括的第一PSR504接收到输入的光信号时，该第一PSR504将输入的光信号处理为第二Q TE和第二P TE，并将第二Q TE和第二P TE传输至与该第一PSR504连接的微环503。具体地，第一PSR504通过包括的光波分束传输端口向微环503的上载端口传输第二Q TE，第一PSR504通过包括的光波分束旋转端口向微环503的下载端口传输第二P TE。
微环503向第三输入输出分离器506的光波传输端口传述第二Q TE，微环503向第二输入输出分离器505的光波传输端口传输第二P TE。第三输入输出分离器506通过包括的输出端口将第二Q TE传输至第四PSR508的光波分束旋转端口，第二输入输出分离器505通过包括的输出端口将第二P TE传输至第四PSR508的光波分束端口。第四PSR508将第二Q TE旋转为第二Q TM，并将第二Q TM与第二P TE汇合，并将汇合后的第二Q TM与第二P TE通过第四PSR508包括的光波传输端口输出，以输出该第二WDM信号中的一个光信号，也即输出需要上载的光信号。
(3)该偏振无关的光器件500用于光信号穿通的过程。
对于M个上下载光路中的任一个上下载光路，该上下载光路包括的微环503将该多个第一Q TE中不满足谐振条件的第一Q TE和从微环503的输入端口传输至微环503的直通端口，以将该不满足谐振条件的第一Q TE传输至下一个上下载光路包括的微环的输入端口，下一个上下载光路的微环在确定该第一Q TE不满足谐振条件时，从该下一个上下载光路的微环的直通端口输出该第一Q TE，以此类推，直至所有的上下载光路确定该第一Q TE不满足谐振条件，此时最后一个上下载光路的微环通过包括的直通端口将该第一Q TE传输至第三输入输出分离器506的光波传输端口。相应地，最后一个上下载光路的微环503通过包括的输入端口向第二输入输出分离器505的光波传输端口传输第一P TE。
第三输入输出分离器506通过包括的输出端口将不满足谐振条件的第一Q TE传输至第四PSR508的光波分束旋转端口，第二输入输出分离器505通过包括的输出端口将该不满足谐振条件的第一P TE传输至第四PSR508的光波分束端口。第四PSR508将该不满足谐振条件的第一Q TE旋转为第一Q TM，并将第一Q TM与不满足谐振条件的第一P TE汇合，并将汇合后的第一Q TM与第一P TE通过第四PSR508包括的光波传输端口输出，以输出该第二WDM信号中的一个光信号。
对于图5所示的偏振无关的光器件500，由于每个上下载光路可以用于下载满足该上下载光路包括的微环的谐振条件的第一Q TE和第一P TE，也即每个上下载光路可以用于下载需要的光信号；也可以用于将输入的光信号传输至输入输出预处理光路，以得到第二WDM信号中的一个光信号，也即每个上下载光路还可以用于上载需要的光信号。因此，当该M 个上下载光路中的任一个上下载光路用于下载需要的光信号时，其他上下载光路就可以用于上载需要的光信号，也即，本发明实施例提供的偏振无关的光器件500可以同时实现下载需要的光信号和上载需要的光信号。
在上述图3至图5所示的偏振无关的光器件中，对于偏振无关的光器件中的每个上下载光路，该上下载光路仅仅用于上载需要的光信号或下载需要的光信号，该上下载光路仍不能同时进行上下载光路。因此，本申请还提供了一种可以同时进行上下载光信号的上下载光路，下面将对具有这种上下载光路的偏振无关的光器件的结构进行介绍。
图6是本发明实施例提供的另一种偏振无关的光器件600的结构示意图，如图6所示，该偏振无关的光器件600包括输入输出预处理光路601和M个上下载光路602，每个上下载光路均包括微环603、第一PSR604和第四输入输出分离器605。
其中，M个上下载光路602包括的M个微环的输入端口与直通端口首尾相连，输入输出预处理光路601的第一光波传输端口605与第1个上下载光路包括的微环的输入端口连接，输入输出预处理光路601的第二光波传输端口607与第M个上下载光路包括的微环的直通端口连接。
对于该M个上下载光路中的每个上下载光路，该上下载光路包括的微环603的上载端口与该上下载光路包括的第一PSR604的光波分束端口连接，该上下载光路包括的微环603的下载端口与该上下载光路包括的第一PSR604的光波分束旋转端口连接。第一PSR604的光波传输端口与第四输入输出分离器605的光波传输端口连接。其中，第四输入输出分离器605的输入端口用于输入需要上载的光信号，第四输入输出分离器605的输出端口用于输出需要下载的光信号。
需要说明的是，图6所示的输入输出预处理光路可以为图4所示的输入输出预处理光路401，也可以为图5所示的输入输出预处理光路501，因此，本发明实施例对图6中的输入输出预处理光路的结构不再进行详细阐述。另外，图6中的第四输入输出分离器605包括的端口的具体位置可以参考图2C所示的输入输出分离器的结构。
对于图6所示的偏振无关的光器件，同样需满足光信号的两个分量在该偏振无关的光器件中的两个传输光路的光程相同。具体实现过程详见图3所示的偏振无关的光器件的实现过程。
下面对通过图6所示的偏振无关的光器件的工作原理进行详细说明。图6所示的偏振无关的光器件在对光信号进行分插复用主要包括以下三个过程。
(1)该偏振无关的光器件600用于下载光信号的过程。
如图6所示，输入输出预处理光路601的输入端口608接收到第一WDM信号，对该第一WDM信号中的多个不同波长的光信号分别进行处理，得到多个第一Q TE和多个第一P TE，该输入输出预处理光路601将得到的多个第一Q TE和多个第一P TE传输至M个上下载光路包括的微环603。对于M个上下载光路中的任一个上下载光路，该上下载光路包括的微环603从该多个第一Q TE中选择满足谐振条件的第一Q TE，从该多个第一P TE中选择满足谐振条件的第一P TE，并将选择的第一Q TE和选择的第一P TE中传输至第一PSR604，以使第一PSR604将接收到的第一Q TE旋转为第一Q TM，并将第一Q TM与接收到的第一P TE汇合后通过包括的光波传输端口输出。第一PSR604将汇合后的第一Q TM与第一P TE通过包括的光 波传输端口传输至第四输入输出分离器605的光波传输端口，第四输入输出分离器605通过包括的输出端口输出该汇合后的第一Q TM与第一P TE，以输出需要下载的光信号。
其中，输入输出预处理光路601将得到的多个第一Q TE和多个第一P TE传输至第一PSR604过程，可以参见图3所示的偏振无关的光器件中多个第一Q TE和多个第一P TE的传输过程，在此不再详细阐述。
(2)该偏振无关的光器件600用于上载光信号的过程。
当图6所示的M个上下载光路中的任一个上下载光路包括的第四输入输出分离器605通过包括的输入端口接收到输入的光信号，该第四输入输出分离器605通过包括的光波传输端口将该输入的光信号传输至第一PSR604的光波传输端口。之后该输入的光信号通过第一PSR604、微环603传输至输入输出预处理光路601，以输入需要上载的光信号。
其中，该输入的光信号通过第一PSR604、微环603传输至输入输出预处理光路601的具体传输过程可以参考图3所示的偏振无关的光器件中的光信号的传输过程，在此同样不在详细阐述。
(3)该偏振无关的光器件600用于光信号穿通的过程。
由于该偏振无关的光器件600相对于图3、图4或图5所示的偏振无关的光器件，结构主要不同之处为：每个上下载光路中添加一个PSR。而多个第一Q TE和多个第一P TE中不满足谐振条件的第一Q TE和第一P TE的传输光路和上下载光路中除微环以外的其他结构并没有关系，因此，对于图6所示的偏振无关的光器件用于直通光信号的过程可以参考图3、图4或图5所示的偏振无关的光器件用于直通光信号的过程。
对于图6所示的偏振无关的光器件600，由于每个上下载光路可以用于下载满足该上下载光路包括的微环的谐振条件的第一Q TE和第一P TE；也可以同时用于将输入的光信号传输至输入输出预处理光路，以得到第二WDM信号中的一个光信号。也即，每个上下载光路可以同时用于上载需要的光信号并下载需要的光信号，因此本发明实施例提供的偏振无关的光器件600可以同时实现下载需要的光信号和上载需要的光信号。
另外，在本申请中，可以将图3至图6所示的偏振无关的光器件中的任一个偏振无关的光器件进行级联，以增加本申请提供的偏振无关的光器件的上载通道数量和下载通道数量。下面将对级联后的偏振无关的光器件的结构进行详细说明。
图7A为本发明实施例提供的一种级联后的偏振无关的光器件700的结构示意图，如图7A所示，该级联后的偏振无关的光器件为两个图4所示的偏振无关的光器件级联而成。其中，图7A左边的偏振无关的光器件可以用于下载M个不同波长的光信号，图7A右边的偏振无关的光器件可以用于上载M个不同波长的光信号。
进一步地，在本申请中，可以同时级联N个图4所示的偏振无关的光器件。此时，可以按照如图7B(a)所示的串联方式，直接将N个图4所示的偏振无关的光器件中的输入输出分离器405的输入端口和输出端口依次串联，得到N个级联的偏振无关的光器件。其中，对于N个偏振无关的光器件中的任一个，该偏振无关的光器件的输入输出分离器的输入端口和前一个与其串联的输入输出分离器的输出端口连接，该偏振无关的光器件的输入输出分离器的输出端口和下一个与其串联的输入输出分离器的输入端口连接。并且，该偏振无关的光器件中除输入输出分离器之外的结构和图4所示的偏振无关的光器件中除输入输出 分离器之外的结构完全相同，在图7B(a)中不再详细描述。
当然，可以采用一个N+2端口的输入输出分离器来替代上述图7B(a)的结构，也即7B(a)所示的结构可以采用7B(b)所示的结构来代替。
其中，第一WDM信号在级联后的偏振无关的光器件中的传输方式和在单个图4所示的偏振无关的光器件中的传输方式基本相同，在此不再做详细阐述。
在本发明实施例中，通过将两个图4所示的偏振无关的光器件进行串联，其中一个偏振无关的光器件可以用于上载光信号，另一个偏振无关的光器件可以用于下载光信号，因此，图7A所示的级联后的偏振无关的光器件700也可以同时实现上载需要的光信号和下载需要的光信号。
图8A为本发明实施例提供的另一种级联后的偏振无关的光器件801的结构示意图，如图8A所示，该级联后的偏振无关的光器件801为两个图5所示的偏振无关的光器件500级联而成。由于两个图5所示的偏振无关的光器件500级联时，只需将该两个图5所示的偏振无关的光器件包括的输入输出预处理光路级联即可，因此，图8A中仅仅包括两个图5所示的偏振无关的光器件包括的输入输出预处理光路的级联结构，与每个输入输出预处理光路连接的M个上下载光路的具体结构可以参考图5所示的上下载光路，在图8A中就不再详细描述。
其中，第一WDM信号在级联后的偏振无关的光器件800中的传输方式和在单个图5所示的偏振无关的光器件中的传输方式基本相同，在此不再做详细阐述。
进一步地，由于图8A所示的级联后的偏振无关的光器件中，如果将中间两个PSR去掉，并不影响该偏振无关的光器件的功能，此时得到图8B所示的级联后的偏振无关的光器件结构802。
如图8B所示，该级联后的偏振无关的光器件802包括PSR8021、PSR8022、输入输出分离器8023、输入输出分离器8024、输入输出分离器8025以及输入输出分离器8026。其中，输入输出分离器8024的输出端口与输入输出分离器8025的输入端口连接，输入输出分离器8023的输出端口与输入输出分离器8026的输入端口连接。PSR8021的光波分束端口和输入输出分离器8023的输入端口连接，PSR8021的光波分束旋转端口和输入输出分离器8024的输入端口连接。输入输出分离器8025的输出端口和PSR8022的光波分束端口相连，输入输出分离器8026的输出端口和PSR8022的光波分束旋转端口相连。
其中，图8B中的PSR和输入输出分离器包括的端口的具体位置可以参考图2B和图2C，在此不再详细说明。
当第一WDM信号通过图8B所示的偏振无关的光器件进行分插复用时，第一WDM信号通过PSR8021、输入输出分离器8023、输入输出分离器8024以及与输入输出分离器8023和输入输出分离器8024连接的M个上下载光路，上载需要的光信号和/或下载需要的光信号，得到第三WDM信号的中各个波长的光信号的两个分量。然后通过输入输出分离器8023的输出端口将第三WDM信号的中各个波长的光信号的其中一个分量传输至输入输出分离器8026的输入端口，通过输入输出分离器8024的输出端口将第三WDM信号的中各个波长的光信号的另一个分量传输至输入输出分离器8025的输入端口，以通过与输入输出分离器8025和输入输出分离器8026连接的M个上下载光路，继续上载需要的光信号和/或下载 需要的光信号，得到第二WDM信号，并通过PSR8022输出第二WDM信号。
需要说明的是，在图8B中，与输入输出分离器8023和输入输出分离器8024连接的M个上下载光路，以及与输入输出分离器8025和输入输出分离器8026连接的M个上下载光路可以为图5所示的M个上下载光路，也可以为图6所示的M个上下载光路。
进一步地，对于图8B所示的级联后的偏振无关的光器件，图8B所示的级联结构可以进一步简化为图8C所示的级联结构，也即，将图8B所示4个三端口的输入输出分离器替换为2个四端口的输入输出分离器。
为了便于说明，将四端口的输入输出分离器的四个端口分别称为1端口、2端口、3端口和4端口，具体端口位置如图8C所示。其中，PSR8031的光波分束端口与输入输出分离器8033的1端口连接，PSR8031的光波分束旋转端口与输入输出分离器8034的1端口连接，输入输出分离器8033的4端口与PSR8032的光波分束端口连接，输入输出分离器8034的4端口与PSR8032的光波分束旋转端口连接。
当第一WDM信号通过图8C所示的偏振无关的光器件进行分插复用时，PSR8031将第一WDM信号进行处理，，得到多个第一Q TE和多个第一P TE。PSR8031将第一Q TE通过光波分束端口向输入输出分离器8033的1端口传输，将多个第一P TE通过光波分束旋转端口向输入输出分离器8034的1端口传输。该多个第一Q TE从输入输出分离器8033的2端口输出，该多个第一P TE从输入输出分离器8034的2端口输出。通过与该输入输出分离器8033的2端口和该输入输出分离器8034的2端口相连的M个上下载光路进行传输，以上载需要的光信号和/或下载需要的光信号，得到第四WDM信号包括的各个波长的光信号的Q TE和P TE。
该第四WDM信号包括的各个波长的光信号的P TE将从输入输出分离器8033的2端口输入，从该输入输出分离器8033的3端口输出；该第四WDM信号包括的各个波长的光信号的Q TE将从输入输出分离器8034的2端口输入，从该输入输出分离器8034的3端口输出。然后通过与该输入输出分离器8033的3端口和输入输出分离器8034的3端口连接的M个上下载光路进行传输，以继续上载需要的光信号和/或下载需要的光信号，得到第二WDM信号包括的不同波长的光信号的Q TE和P TE。
该第二WDM信号包括的各个波长的光信号的P TE将从输入输出分离器8033的3端口输入，从该输入输出分离器8033的4端口输出，以进入PSR8032的光波分束端口。该第二WDM信号包括的各个波长的光信号的Q TE将从输入输出分离器8034的3端口输入，从该输入输出分离器8034的4端口输出，以进入PSR8032的光波分束旋转端口。第二WDM信号包括的不同波长的光信号的Q TE和P TE经过处理后在PSR8032中汇合，以输出第二WDM信号。
需要说明的是，在图8C中，与该输入输出分离器8033的2端口和该输入输出分离器8034的2端口相连的M个上下载光路，以及与该输入输出分离器8033的3端口和输入输出分离器8034的3端口连接的M个上下载光路可以为图5所示的M个上下载光路，也可以为图6所示的M个上下载光路。
进一步地，当存在N个图5所示的偏振无关的光器件进行级联时，按照上述图8C所示的偏振无关的光器件进行级联结构连接方式，得到图8D所示的N个偏振无关的光器件的级联结构。也即，将图8C所示的4端口的输入输出分离器8033和输入输出分离器8034分别 采用N+2端口的输入输出分离器8043和N+2端口的输入输出分离器8044来替换。
其中，输入输出分离器8043和输入输出分离器8044的N+2个端口的具体位置如图8D所示。输入输出分离器8043的1端口与PSR8041的光波分束端口连接，输入输出分离器8043的N+2端口与PSR8042的光波分束端口连接。输入输出分离器8044的1端口与PSR8041的光波分束旋转端口连接，输入输出分离器8044的N+2端口与PSR8042的光波分束旋转端口连接。另外，输入输出分离器8043的i端口和输入输出分离器8043的i之间连接M个上下载光路，其中，2≤i≤N+1。
其中，第一WDM信号通过输入输出分离器8043的i端口和输入输出分离器8043的i之间连接的M个上下载光路进行上载和/或下载光信号的实现方式和图8C所示的级联后的偏振无关的光器件进行上载和/或下载光信号的实现方式基本相同，在此不再具体阐述。
需要说明的是，输入输出分离器8043的i端口和输入输出分离器8043的i之间连接的M个上下载光路以为图5所示的M个上下载光路，也可以为图6所示的M个上下载光路。
在本发明实施例中，通过将两个图5所示的偏振无关的光器件进行串联，以增加上载光信号和下载光信号的通道数量，因此，图8A所示的级联后的偏振无关的光器件801也可以同时实现上载需要的光信号和下载需要的光信号。
以上所述为本申请提供的实施例，并不用以限制本申请，凡在本申请的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本申请的保护范围之内。

Claims (9)

  1. 一种偏振无关的光器件，其特征在于，所述偏振无关的光器件包括输入输出预处理光路和M个上下载光路，每个上下载光路均包括微环和第一偏振分束旋转器PSR，所述M大于1；
    所述M个上下载光路包括的M个微环的输入端口与直通端口首尾相连，所述输入输出预处理光路的第一光波传输端口与第1个上下载光路包括的微环的输入端口连接，所述输入输出预处理光路的第二光波传输端口与第M个上下载光路包括的微环的直通端口连接；
    其中，所述输入输出预处理光路用于将输入的第一波分复用WDM信号中多个不同波长的光信号分别处理为第一Q TE和第一P TE，并将处理后得到的多个第一Q TE和多个第一P TE传输至所述M个上下载光路包括的微环，Q TE是指光信号的横向电场TE模，P TE是指光信号的横向磁场TM模被旋转为TE偏振的模；
    对于所述M个上下载光路中的任一个上下载光路，所述上下载光路包括的微环与所述上下载光路包括的第一PSR连接；
    其中，所述上下载光路包括的微环用于将所述多个第一Q TE中满足谐振条件的第一Q TE和所述多个第一P TE中满足谐振条件的第一P TE传输至与所述微环连接的第一PSR，所述上下载光路包括的第一PSR用于将接收到的第一Q TE和接收到的第一P TE进行处理后输出；
    所述上下载光路包括的第一PSR还用于将输入的光信号处理为第二Q TE和第二P TE，并将所述第二Q TE和所述第二P TE传输至与所述第一PSR连接的微环，所述上下载光路包括的微环还用于将所述第二Q TE和所述第二P TE传输至所述输入输出预处理光路，所述输入输出预处理光路还用于将接收到的所述第二Q TE和所述第二P TE进行处理后输出。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的偏振无关的光器件，其特征在于，所述上下载光路包括的微环还用于将所述多个第一Q TE中不满足谐振条件的第一Q TE和所述多个第一P TE中不满足谐振条件的第一P TE传输至所述输入输出预处理光路；
    所述输入输出预处理光路还用于将不满足谐振条件的第一Q TE和不满足谐振条件的第一P TE处理后输出。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的偏振无关的光器件，其特征在于，所述输入输出预处理光路包括第一输入输出分离器和第二PSR，所述第一输入输出分离器为偏振不敏感的光器件；
    所述第一输入输出分离器包括输入端口、输出端口和光波传输端口，所述第二PSR包括光波传输端口、光波分束端口和光波分束旋转端口；
    所述第一输入输出分离器的光波传输端口与所述第二PSR的光波传输端口连接，所述第二PSR的光波分束端口与所述M个上下载光路中的第1个上下载光路包括的微环的输入端口连接，所述第二PSR的光波分束旋转端口与所述M个上下载光路中的第M个上下载光路包括的微环的直通端口连接；
    其中，所述第一输入输出分离器用于将包括的输入端口接收到的所述第一WDM信号通过所述第一输入输出分离器包括的光波传输端口传输至所述第二PSR，所述第二PSR用于将包括的光波传输端口接收到的所述第一WDM信号中的多个不同波长的光信号进行处理，得 到多个第一Q TE和多个第一P TE，并将所述多个第一Q TE通过所述第二PSR包括的光波分束端口传输至第1个上下载光路包括的微环的输入端口，将所述多个第一P TE通过所述第二PSR包括的光波分束端口传输至第M个上下载光路包括的微环的直通端口；
    所述第二PSR还用于将包括的光波分束旋转端口接收到的所述第二Q TE旋转为第二Q TM，并将所述第二Q TM与所述第二PSR包括的光波分束端口接收到的所述第二P TE汇合，并将汇合后的所述第二Q TM与所述第二P TE通过所述第二PSR包括光波传输端口传输至所述第一输入输出分离器的光波传输端口，所述第一输入输出分离器还用于将汇合后的所述第二Q TM与所述第二P TE通过所述第一输入输出分离器包括的输出端口输出，Q TM是指Q TE被旋转为TM偏振的模。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的偏振无关的光器件，其特征在于，所述输入输出预处理光路包括第二输入输出分离器、第三输入输出分离器、第三PSR和第四PSR，所述第二输入输出分离器和所述第三输入输出分离器均为偏振敏感的光器件；
    所述第二输入输出分离器和所述第三输入输出分离器均包括输入端口、输出端口和光波传输端口，所述第三PSR和所述第四PSR均包括光波传输端口、光波分束端口和光波分束旋转端口；
    所述第三PSR的光波分束端口与所述第二输入输出分离器的输入端口连接，所述第三PSR的光波分束旋转端口与所述第三输入输出分离器的输入端口连接，所述第二输入输出分离器的输出端口与所述第四PSR的光波分束端口连接，所述第四PSR的光波分束旋转端口与所述第三输入输出分离器的输出端口连接；
    所述第二输入输出分离器的光波传输端口与所述M个上下载光路中的第1个上下载光路包括的微环的输入端口连接，所述第三输入输出分离器的光波传输端口与所述M个上下载光路中的第M个上下载光路包括的微环直通端口连接；
    其中，所述第三PSR用于将包括的光波传输端口接收到的所述第一WDM信号中的多个不同波长的光信号进行处理，得到多个第一Q TE和多个第一P TE，并通过所述第三PSR包括的光波分束端口向所述第二输入输出分离器的输入端口传输所述多个第一Q TE，通过所述第三PSR包括的光波分束旋转端口向所述第三输入输出分离器的输入端口传输所述多个第一P TE，所述第二输入输出分离器用于通过包括的光波传输端口向所述M个上下载光路包括的微环传输所述多个第一Q TE，所述第三输入输出分离器用于通过包括的光波传输端口向所述M个上下载光路包括的微环传输所述多个第一P TE；
    所述第三输入输出分离器还用于通过包括的光波传输端口接收所述第二Q TE，并通过所述第三输入输出分离器包括的输出端口将所述第二Q TE传输至所述第四PSR的光波分束旋转端口，所述第二输入输出分离器还用于通过包括的光波传输端口接收所述第二P TE，并通过所述第二输入输出分离器包括的输出端口将第二P TE传输至所述第四PSR的光波分束端口，所述第四PSR还用于将所述第二Q TE旋转为第二Q TM，将所述第二Q TM与所述第二P TE汇合，并将汇合后的所述第二Q TM与所述第二P TE通过所述第四PSR包括的光波传输端口输出。
  5. 如权利要求1至4任一所述的偏振无关的光器件，其特征在于，所述上下载光路包括的微环还包括上载端口和下载端口，所述上下载光路包括的第一PSR包括光波传输端口、光 波分束端口和光波分束旋转端口；
    所述上下载光路包括的微环的上载端口与所述上下载光路包括的第一PSR的光波分束端口连接，所述上下载光路包括的微环的下载端口与所述上下载光路包括的第一PSR的光波分束旋转端口连接；
    其中，所述第一PSR用于将包括的光波分束旋转端口接收到的满足谐振条件的第一Q TE旋转为第一Q TM，并将所述第一Q TM与所述第一PSR包括的光波分束端口接收到的满足谐振条件的第一P TE汇合后通过所述第一PSR包括的光波传输端口输出；
    所述第一PSR还用于将包括的光波传输端口输入的光信号处理为第二Q TE和第二P TE，并将所述第二Q TE通过所述第一PSR包括的光波分束端口传输至所述微环的上载端口，将所述第二P TE通过所述第一PSR包括的光波分束端口传输至所述微环的下载端口。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的偏振无关的光器件，其特征在于，所述上下载光路还包括第四输入输出分离器；
    所述第四输入输出分离器包括输入端口、输出端口和光波传输端口；
    所述第一PSR的光波传输端口与所述第四输入输出分离器的光波传输端口连接；
    所述第四输入输出分离器的输入端口用于输入需要上载的光信号，所述第四输入输出分离器的输出端口用于输出需要下载的光信号。
  7. 如权利要求1至6任一所述的偏振无关的光器件，其特征在于，所述微环为谐振波长可调的微环，所述微环的自由光谱区FSR覆盖所述第一WDM信号和第二WDM信号包括的所有光信号的波长，所述第二WDM信号为从所述偏振无关的光器件输出的光信号。
  8. 如权利要求1至7任一所述的偏振无关的光器件，其特征在于，所述第一输入输出分离器、所述第二输入输出分离器、所述第三输入输出分离器和所述第四输入输出分离器中的任一个为多端口的光环形器或者多端口的耦合器。
  9. 如权利要求1至8任一所述的偏振无关的光器件，其特征在于，所述多个第一Q TE中满足谐振条件的第一Q TE在所述偏振无关的光器件中的传输光路的光程和所述多个第一P TE中满足谐振条件的第一P TE在所述偏振无关的光器件中的传输光路的光程相同，所述多个第一Q TE中不满足谐振条件的第一Q TE在所述偏振无关的光器件中的传输光路的光程和所述多个第一P TE中不满足谐振条件的第一P TE在所述偏振无关的光器件中的传输光路的光程相同，所述第二Q TE在所述偏振无关的光器件中的传输光路的光程和所述第二P TE在所述偏振无关的光器件中的传输光路的光程相同。
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