WO2018202004A1 - 一种基于模拟人敲击卷烟烟灰掉落行为特征的卷烟落头倾向性能检测设备和方法 - Google Patents

一种基于模拟人敲击卷烟烟灰掉落行为特征的卷烟落头倾向性能检测设备和方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018202004A1
WO2018202004A1 PCT/CN2018/085077 CN2018085077W WO2018202004A1 WO 2018202004 A1 WO2018202004 A1 WO 2018202004A1 CN 2018085077 W CN2018085077 W CN 2018085077W WO 2018202004 A1 WO2018202004 A1 WO 2018202004A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cigarette
unit
tapping
clamping
hammer
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PCT/CN2018/085077
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李斌
张翼
桑瑶烁
张明建
洪流
李志刚
许冰洋
徐振宇
汤小玲
刘勇
Original Assignee
中国烟草总公司郑州烟草研究院
中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院
江西中烟工业有限责任公司
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Application filed by 中国烟草总公司郑州烟草研究院, 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院, 江西中烟工业有限责任公司 filed Critical 中国烟草总公司郑州烟草研究院
Priority to EP18795036.5A priority Critical patent/EP3620789B1/en
Priority to US16/608,144 priority patent/US11653692B2/en
Priority to JP2020511851A priority patent/JP7116783B2/ja
Priority to KR1020197035352A priority patent/KR102416488B1/ko
Publication of WO2018202004A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018202004A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24C—MACHINES FOR MAKING CIGARS OR CIGARETTES
    • A24C5/00—Making cigarettes; Making tipping materials for, or attaching filters or mouthpieces to, cigars or cigarettes
    • A24C5/32—Separating, ordering, counting or examining cigarettes; Regulating the feeding of tobacco according to rod or cigarette condition
    • A24C5/34—Examining cigarettes or the rod, e.g. for regulating the feeding of tobacco; Removing defective cigarettes
    • A24C5/343—Examining cigarettes or the rod, e.g. for regulating the feeding of tobacco; Removing defective cigarettes by mechanical means, e.g. feelers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24C—MACHINES FOR MAKING CIGARS OR CIGARETTES
    • A24C5/00—Making cigarettes; Making tipping materials for, or attaching filters or mouthpieces to, cigars or cigarettes
    • A24C5/32—Separating, ordering, counting or examining cigarettes; Regulating the feeding of tobacco according to rod or cigarette condition
    • A24C5/34—Examining cigarettes or the rod, e.g. for regulating the feeding of tobacco; Removing defective cigarettes
    • A24C5/3406—Controlling cigarette combustion
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24F—SMOKERS' REQUISITES; MATCH BOXES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES
    • A24F13/00—Appliances for smoking cigars or cigarettes
    • A24F13/16—Safety sleeves for cigars or cigarettes preventing damage by glowing ash
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M7/00—Vibration-testing of structures; Shock-testing of structures
    • G01M7/08—Shock-testing
    • G01N33/0078—

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of quality inspection of cigarette products, and particularly relates to a cigarette heading tendency performance detecting device and method based on simulating the characteristics of cigarette smoking ash drop behavior of human tapping.
  • the main reason for the possible collapse of the cigarette combustion cone is due to the matching of the burning rate of the cigarette paper with the tobacco, the filling of the tobacco in the cigarette paper, and the control of the axial distribution of the flat disk of the cigarette during the rolling process.
  • the measurement of the performance of the drop head is an important basis for the evaluation of the effectiveness of various technical improvements. At present, the detection of the performance of the cigarette head can only rely on the consumer's conscious qualitative judgment in the process of cigarette smoking and ash, and the data is obtained by this method. Low efficiency and poor repeatability.
  • the Chinese invention patent (CN 102937639 A) developed a cigarette head detection device by simulating consumer ash habits, and judged whether the burning cigarette was dropped by intermittent tapping.
  • the device uses a tapping method different from the actual consumer's ash habit, and the test results of the method are too simplified to give an effective objective evaluation.
  • the cigarette head detection device involved in the Chinese utility model patent (CN 204165850 U) has improved the problem that the device's impact strength and angle cannot be flexibly changed in the Chinese invention patent (CN 102937639 A), but there are still some deficiencies.
  • the tapping method involved in the patent still relies on mechanical external force to strike the cigarette, but it is imitated from the surface tapping behavior, and the simple knocking action is made by the mechanical component, and the cigarette is essentially considered to be tapped. The actual stress situation in the process.
  • the Chinese invention patent (201310227468.X) is a device for detecting the tendency of cigarettes to fall by rotation, and is characterized in that the device comprises a base, a motor, a cigarette holding mechanism driven by a motor, and a safety shield.
  • the invention tests the falling phenomenon of the combustion cone of the cigarette by the rotation method, and opens up a new method for detecting the combustion cone, and uses the multiple detection to obtain the statistical data of the falling head, thereby obtaining the performance index of the tendency of the cigarette to fall when burning.
  • the invention has the advantages that the rotation time and the number of revolutions are controllable, different detection strengths can be adopted for different samples, and the application range is wide; the detection method is simple and convenient, the time is short, and the detection cost is low. Since the method does not have a pumping process that actually exists, and does not conform to the behavior of the person knocking down the soot and the falling soot, there is a problem in evaluating the performance of the head drop in the actual state.
  • the Chinese invention patent (201510973214.1) proposes an automatic control detection device and detection method for the burning cone of the cigarette, and designs the detection device by studying the mechanical behavior of the mechanical and human falling ash to ensure the tapping by the mechanical device.
  • the mechanical behavior of cigarettes is consistent with humans, providing a unified, objective and accurate detection method for the detection of cigarette heading tendency.
  • This method has not yet established how to establish a cigarette heading tendency detection method based on simulating the behavior of consumer pop-off soot.
  • the behavioral characteristics of how consumers pop off the soot is the basic problem of the proposed and applied method of cigarette drop performance evaluation, and it is more important to establish the detection method based on the simulated human bomb ash behavior characteristics.
  • the object of the present invention is based on the deficiencies and problems in the above patents, through the survey of the characteristics of cigarette smoke soot dropping behavior of cigarette consumers, obtaining the characteristic data of the cigarette smoking soot falling behavior of the cigarette consumer, and inventing a model based on the simulated person knocking
  • the cigarette heading tendency performance detecting device and method for hitting the cigarette soot dropping behavior feature provides an objective and accurate detection basis for the evaluation of the cigarette head performance.
  • One aspect of the present invention provides a cigarette heading tendency performance detecting apparatus based on a simulated human percussion cigarette soot falling behavior characteristic, the apparatus comprising:
  • a clamping unit for clamping the cigarette
  • the suction unit is connected to one end of the cigarette to smoke the smoking branch;
  • tapping unit is placed close to the clamping unit, and the tapping unit is capable of tapping the cigarette;
  • the control unit is connected to the suction unit and the tap unit to control the suction and tapping actions, respectively.
  • the gripping unit is clamped at the filter portion of the cigarette and one end is the free end of the filter portion.
  • the tap unit comprises:
  • the hammer is struck, and the hammer is placed at one end of the knocking arm to strike the cigarette under the driving of the tapping arm.
  • the hammer is made of a material having a Shore hardness of between 0.4 HA and 5 HA.
  • the hammering force of the hammer on the cigarette is between 10gf and 30gf.
  • the action time of each tap of the hammer is between 0.095-0.105 seconds;
  • the action time of each tap of the hammer is between 0.115 and 0.125 seconds.
  • the hammer width or diameter is between 9.5 mm and 10.5 mm and the distance between the striking point and one end is between 33 mm and 38 mm.
  • the clamping unit is made of a material having a Shore hardness of between 0.4 HA and 5.0 HA.
  • the clamping unit has a clamping width of 9.5 mm to 10.5 mm for the cigarette holder, a clamping force of the clamping unit of between 16 gf and 18 gf, and a clamping point of the clamping unit to one end.
  • the distance is between 19mm and 22mm.
  • control device is configured to control the clamping force of the clamping unit, the suction strength and the suction frequency of the suction unit, and the stroke period of the striking unit, the position of the striking point, and the striking force.
  • Another aspect of the present invention discloses a method of detecting a cigarette heading tendency performance using a cigarette head tendency performance detecting apparatus, the method comprising:
  • Step A using a clamping unit to clamp the cigarette and ignite the cigarette;
  • Step B the smoking unit is started by the control unit to simulate the smoking action of the person
  • Step C pumping k times in a suction unit as a cycle, and the knocking unit is activated by the control unit to perform a round of tapping on the cigarette to simulate a human tapping action;
  • Step D when the cigarette branch falls or the cigarette burns to a predetermined test termination mark, the detection is stopped by the control unit;
  • Step E Repeat steps B, C, and D for 40 cigarettes for detection, and record the number n of occurrences of the head drop to calculate the cigarette burning cone tendency HCFP using the following formula:
  • step A, step B, step C, step D, and step E are completed in a constant temperature and humidity environment.
  • the clamping unit has a clamping width of 9.5 mm to 10.5 mm for the cigarette holder, a clamping force of the clamping unit of between 16 gf and 18 gf, and a clamping point of the clamping unit to one end.
  • the distance is between 18mm and 20mm.
  • one round of taps includes performing 2-4 taps on the cigarette using the tap unit, and the interval between adjacent two is no more than one second.
  • the tapping unit includes a tapping arm and a hammering hammer.
  • the angle between the tapping arm and the cigarette is between 30° and 60°.
  • step C the hammering force of the hammer on the cigarette is between 20gf and 60gf.
  • step C the tapping point of the hammer to the cigarette is between 9.5 mm and 10.5 mm, and the distance between the striking point and one end is between 30 mm and 32 mm.
  • two sets of tests are performed on each cigarette sample, and after step E, the final HCFP of the cigarette is represented by the average of the two sets of test results, and when the absolute difference between the two sets of measurements is greater than 20% When it is time, re-test.
  • the invention investigates the behavior of the consumer's falling soot and targets the commercially available fine cigarettes and conventional cigarettes by tapping the cigarettes to force the falling ash behavior as the basis for exerting the force, from the characteristics of the knocking cigarette soot falling behavior, holding According to the characteristics of smoke behavior and the characteristics of the force application process, the behavior characteristic data of the cigarette consumer when the cigarette smoke is dropped is obtained, and the test operation condition in the cigarette heading tendency performance detection method is formed based on the data. Provide objective and accurate testing basis for the evaluation of cigarette head performance, and provide technical data support for related cigarette heading research.
  • FIG. 1 is a side view of a cigarette heading tendency performance detecting apparatus based on a simulated human tapping cigarette soot dropping behavior characteristic, in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • the invention investigates the behavior of the consumer's falling soot and targets the commercially available conventional cigarettes and finely-rolled cigarettes, and uses the action of knocking the cigarettes to force the falling of the ashes as the basis for exerting the force.
  • the behavior characteristic data of the cigarette consumer when the cigarette soot is dropped is obtained, and the test operation condition in the cigarette head tendency detection method is formed based on the data.
  • the invention provides a combustion cone drop tendency test device (see FIG. 1) according to the operating conditions, and the test device comprises a cigarette suction unit, a clamp device unit and a tap device unit, the specific conditions are as follows:
  • the hammer unit requires the Shore hardness of the hammer material to be 2.7 ⁇ 2.3HA, the width or diameter of the hammer to conform to (10 ⁇ 0.5)mm, and the striking strength should be adjustable within the range of (10-30)gf ( The tolerance is ⁇ 0.5gf), the tapping action time can keep the conventional cigarette branch 0.12s (tolerance ⁇ 0.005s), the fine branch cigarette 0.1s (tolerance ⁇ 0.005s), and the tapping position is in the range of (33-38)mm Adjustable inside (tolerance ⁇ 0.5mm), the frequency of tapping can control the setting of 4 times of each round of ash action and 2-4 times of continuous stroke (the interval between two strokes is not more than 1s);
  • the material of the cigarette holder in the clamping device unit is based on the simulated human finger.
  • the Shore hardness should be 2.7 ⁇ 2.3HA.
  • the width of the cigarette holder should be 10 ⁇ 0.5mm. Adjustable within the range of 15-17gf, the tolerance is ⁇ 0.5gf, the clamping position is adjustable within the range of 19-22mm, the tolerance is ⁇ 0.5mm, and the device should also have the control of tapping force, tapping action time and tapping position. Control unit for parameters such as timing, clamping force, and clamping position.
  • Step 1 Place the sample in a constant temperature and humidity environment and adjust the sample according to the requirements of GB/T 16447.
  • the laboratory test atmosphere for the combustion cone drop tendency test shall also comply with the provisions of GB/T 16447.
  • Step 2 Set the test operating conditions according to the specifications of the cigarette.
  • the tapping force of the combustion cone drop tendency test device is 16 ⁇ 0.5gf, the tapping action time is 0.12 ⁇ 0.005s; set the tapping position of the combustion cone drop tendency test device to 34 ⁇ 0.5mm;
  • the combustion cone of the combustion cone drop tendency test device has a tendency to test the end mark position of 44 ⁇ 0.5 mm; the timing of setting the combustion cone drop tendency test device is: starting from the second port, one after each port The wheel is tapped until it is pumped to the test end mark position; the frequency of the ash of the combustion cone drop tendency test device is set to: 4 strokes per round, and the interval between the two strokes is not more than 1 s; setting combustion
  • the clamping force of the cone drop tendency test device is 17 ⁇ 0.5gf; the clamping position of the combustion cone drop tendency test device is set to 19 ⁇ 0.5mm; the suction mode of the combustion cone drop tendency test device is set to ISO3308. Standard suction mode.
  • Step 3 Insert the adjusted cigarette sample into the cigarette holder and pump and tap under test conditions.
  • Step 4 When the cigarette is in the head of the suction, or when it is sucked to the position of the cigarette burning cone, the end of the test is terminated, and the test is completed, and the state information of the "falling" and “not falling” of the combustion cone of the cigarette and the occurrence of the head are recorded. The number of suction ports.
  • Step 5 Repeatly test 40 cigarettes and calculate the tendency of the cigarette burning cone to fall as a set of test results.
  • Step 6 Test each group for each sample.
  • Step 7 Calculate the test results.
  • the number of cigarettes in the two groups of 40 cigarettes was 9 and 10 respectively.
  • Step 8 Analysis and discrimination of results.
  • the two measurements were 22.5% and 25.0%, respectively.
  • the absolute difference of the parallel test results is not more than 20.0%, and the test result is 23.8%.
  • Step 1 Place the sample in a constant temperature and humidity environment and adjust the sample according to the requirements of GB/T 16447.
  • the laboratory test atmosphere for the combustion cone drop tendency test shall also comply with the provisions of GB/T 16447.
  • Step 2 Set the test operating conditions according to the specifications of the cigarette.
  • the tapping force of the combustion cone drop tendency test device is 14 ⁇ 0.5gf, the tapping action time is 0.10 ⁇ 0.005s; set the tapping position of the combustion cone drop tendency test device to 37 ⁇ 0.5mm;
  • the burning cone of the combustion cone falling angle tendency test device has a tendency to test the end mark position of 47 ⁇ 0.5 mm; the timing of setting the burning cone heading tendency test device is: starting from the second port, one after each port The wheel is tapped until it is pumped to the test end mark position; the frequency of the ash of the combustion cone drop tendency test device is set: 2 taps per round, the interval between two taps is not more than 1 s; setting combustion
  • the clamping force of the cone drop tendency test device is 15 ⁇ 0.5gf; the clamping position of the combustion cone drop tendency test device is set to 22 ⁇ 0.5mm; the suction mode of the combustion cone drop tendency test device is set to ISO3308. Standard suction mode.
  • Step 3 Insert the adjusted cigarette sample into the cigarette holder and pump and tap under test conditions.
  • Step 4 When the cigarette is in the head of the suction, or when it is sucked to the position of the cigarette burning cone, the end of the test is terminated, and the test is completed, and the state information of the "falling" and “not falling” of the combustion cone of the cigarette and the occurrence of the head are recorded. The number of suction ports.
  • Step 5 Repeatly test 40 cigarettes and calculate the tendency of the cigarette burning cone to fall as a set of test results.
  • Step 6 Test each group for each sample.
  • Step 7 Calculate the test results.
  • the number of cigarettes in the two groups of 40 cigarettes was 6 and 6 respectively.
  • Step 8 Analysis and discrimination of results.
  • the two measurements were 15.0% and 15.0%, respectively.
  • the absolute difference of the parallel test results is not more than 20.0%, and the test result is 15.0%.

Abstract

一种基于模拟人敲击卷烟烟灰掉落行为特征的卷烟落头倾向性能检测方法，其特征在于：通过燃烧锥落头倾向测试装置模拟人敲击卷烟烟灰掉落行为特征、持烟行为特征和施力过程特征等方面特征，形成基于模拟人敲击卷烟烟灰掉落行为特征的卷烟落头倾向性能检测方法，为卷烟落头性能的评价提供客观和准确的检测依据。

Description

一种基于模拟人敲击卷烟烟灰掉落行为特征的卷烟落头倾向性能检测设备和方法 技术领域
本发明属于卷烟产品质量检测技术领域，具体涉及一种基于模拟人敲击卷烟烟灰掉落行为特征的卷烟落头倾向性能检测设备和方法。
背景技术
近年来，因卷烟燃烧锥落头引起消费者反感的市场反馈时有发生，涉及的品牌范围呈现愈加广泛的趋势，尤其在高档卷烟产品中表现突出。卷烟消费过程中燃烧锥落头不仅会使卷烟损耗造成抽吸的中断，掉落下的烟头还可能会烧损衣物、家具，同时带来发生火灾风险(平安.世界无烟日:解读烟头火灾[J].中国消防,2011(11):38-42.)。卷烟落头问题受到了越来越多的关注，希望通过技术创新寻求改进途径(王海滨,刘德虎,吴兆刚等.卷烟燃烧端掉落现象的分析与研究[A].中国烟草学会2010年研讨会论文集,2010,285-287.)。
卷烟燃烧锥落头可能的主要原因是由于卷烟纸与烟丝燃烧速率匹配、烟丝在卷烟纸中的填充和卷制过程卷烟机平整盘对轴向分布的控制等方面造成的。落头性能的测量是各项技术改进工作有效性评价的重要基础，目前卷烟落头性能的检测只能依靠消费者在卷烟抽吸和弹灰过程中有意识的定性判断，通过该方法获得数据的效率低，重复性差。
中国发明专利(CN 102937639 A)通过模拟消费者弹灰习惯，研制了一种卷烟落头检测装置，通过间隔敲击来判断燃烧中的卷烟是否落头。装置采用敲击方式与实际的消费者弹灰习惯不同，而且该方法测试结果判定过于简化，不能给出有效客观评价。
中国实用新型专利(CN 204165850 U)所涉及的卷烟落头检测装置针对 中国发明专利(CN 102937639 A)中装置敲击力度、角度不能灵活改变的问题作了改进，但仍存在一定的不足之处，专利中所涉及的敲击方式仍是靠机械外力对卷烟进行敲击，只是从表面的敲击行为进行模仿，由机械部件做出简单的敲击动作，并没有考虑本质上卷烟在敲击过程中真实的受力情况。
中国发明专利(201310227468.X)是一种利用旋转方式检测卷烟落头倾向的装置，其特征在于：该装置包括底座、电机、由电机驱动旋转的卷烟夹持机构以及安全护罩。该发明通过旋转方式测试卷烟燃烧锥的落头现象，开创了一种燃烧锥检测的新方法，利用多次检测获得落头的统计数据，进而获得卷烟燃烧时落头倾向的性能指标。本发明的优点在于：旋转时间、转数可控，对应不同样品可采用不同检测强度，应用范围广泛；检测方法简单方便、时间短，检测成本低。由于该方法没有实际存在的抽吸过程，不符合人敲落烟灰和弹落烟灰行为，对于评价实际状态下落头性能存在问题。
中国发明专利(201510973214.1)提出一种卷烟燃烧锥落头性能自动控制检测装置及检测方法，通过研究对比机械与人弹落烟灰的力学行为，设计出该检测装置，以保证通过机械装置进行敲击烟支时的力学行为与人保持一致，为烟支落头倾向检测提供统一、客观和准确的检测方法，该方法尚未对如何建立基于模拟消费者弹落烟灰行为特征的卷烟落头倾向检测方法未作出说明，消费者如何弹落烟灰的行为特征是卷烟落头性能评价方法提出与应用的基础问题，而基于模拟人弹落弹灰行为特征建立检测方法就更加重要的。
发明内容
本发明的目的正是基于上述专利中的不足及问题，通过卷烟消费者敲击卷烟烟灰掉落行为特征调查，获得卷烟消费人群敲击卷烟烟灰掉落行为特征数据，发明一种基于模拟人敲击卷烟烟灰掉落行为特征的卷烟落头倾向性能检测设备和方法，该发明为卷烟落头性能的评价提供客观和准确的检测依据。
本发明的一个方面提出了一种基于模拟人敲击卷烟烟灰掉落行为特征的卷烟落头倾向性能检测设备，该设备包括：
夹持单元，夹持单元用于夹持烟支；
抽吸单元，抽吸单元与烟支的一端相连接以抽吸烟支；
敲击单元，敲击单元靠近夹持单元设置，并且敲击单元能够敲击烟支；和
控制单元，控制单元分别与抽吸单元和敲击单元相连接以控制抽吸和敲击动作。
在一个实施例中，夹持单元夹持在烟支的过滤嘴部分处，并且一端为过滤嘴部分的自由端。
在一个实施例中，敲击单元包括：
敲击臂；和
敲击锤，敲击锤设置在敲击臂的一端以在敲击臂的驱动下对烟支进行敲击。
在一个实施例中，敲击锤由邵氏硬度在0.4HA-5HA之间的材料制成。
在一个实施例中，敲击锤对烟支的敲击力度在10gf-30gf之间。
在一个实施例中：
当烟支为小直径的细烟支时，敲击锤的每次敲击的作用时间在0.095-0.105秒之间；以及
当烟支为大直径的常规烟支时，敲击锤的每次敲击的作用时间在0.115-0.125秒之间。
在一个实施例中，敲击锤宽度或者直径在9.5mm-10.5mm之间，并且敲击点与一端的距离在33mm-38mm之间。
在一个实施例中，夹持单元由邵氏硬度在0.4HA-5.0HA之间的材料制成。
在一个实施例中，夹持单元对烟支的夹持宽度在9.5mm-10.5mm之间，夹持单元的夹持力度在16gf-18gf之间，并且夹持单元的夹持点到一端的距离在19mm-22mm之间。
在一个实施例中，控制装置用于控制夹持单元的夹持力度、抽吸单元的抽吸强度和抽吸频率以及敲击单元的敲击周期、敲击点的位置和敲击力度。
本发明的另一个方面公开了一种使用卷烟落头倾向性能检测设备检测卷烟落头倾向性能的方法，该方法包括：
步骤A：使用夹持单元夹持烟支，点燃烟支；
步骤B：通过控制单元启动抽吸单元抽吸烟支，以模拟人的抽吸动作；
步骤C：以抽吸单元抽吸k次为周期，通过控制单元启动敲击单元对烟 支执行一轮敲击，以模拟人的敲击烟支动作；
步骤D：当烟支出现落头或者烟支燃烧至预定的测试终止标记处时，通过控制单元停止检测；和
步骤E：对40个烟支重复步骤B、步骤C和步骤D以进行检测，并且记录出现落头的次数n，以使用以下公式计算烟支燃烧锥落头倾向HCFP：
HCFP＝n/40×100％。
在一个实施例中，在恒温恒湿环境中完成步骤A、步骤B、步骤C、步骤D和步骤E。
在一个实施例中，夹持单元对烟支的夹持宽度在9.5mm-10.5mm之间，夹持单元的夹持力度在16gf-18gf之间，并且夹持单元的夹持点到一端的距离在18mm-20mm之间。
在一个实施例中，在步骤C中，一轮敲击包括使用敲击单元对烟支执行2-4次敲击，并且相邻两次之间的间隔时间不大于1秒。
在一个实施例中，敲击单元包括敲击臂和敲击锤，当敲击锤与烟支接触时，敲击臂与烟支的夹角在30°-60°之间。
在一个实施例中，在步骤C中，敲击锤对烟支的敲击力度在20gf-60gf之间。
在一个实施例中，在步骤C中，敲击锤对烟支的敲击点的宽度在9.5mm-10.5mm之间，并且敲击点与一端的距离在30mm-32mm之间。
在一个实施例中，对每个烟支样品进行两组测试，在步骤E之后，以两组检测结果的平均值表示烟支的最终HCFP，并且当两组测量结果的绝对值差大于20％时，重新进行检测。
该发明通过对消费者弹落烟灰行为的调查，针对市售的细支卷烟和常规卷烟，以敲击卷烟施力弹落烟灰行为为施力依据，从敲击卷烟烟灰掉落行为特征、持烟行为特征和施力过程特征等几个方面，获得卷烟消费者敲击卷烟烟灰掉落时的行为特征数据，基于该数据形成卷烟落头倾向性能检测方法中的测试操作条件。为卷烟落头性能的评价提供客观和准确的检测依据，为相关卷烟落头研究提供技术数据方面的支持。
附图说明
图1为根据本发明的一个示例性实施例的基于模拟人敲击卷烟烟灰掉落行为特征的卷烟落头倾向性能检测设备的侧视图。
其中：1.烟支；2.击锤；3.持烟夹；4.抽吸单元；X1.夹持位置；X2.敲击位置；X3.持烟夹宽度；X4.击锤宽度。
具体实施方式
本发明的具体实施方式将结合附图做进一步描述。
该发明通过对消费者弹落烟灰行为的调查，针对市售的常规卷烟和细支卷烟，以敲击卷烟施力弹落烟灰行为为施力依据，从敲击卷烟烟灰掉落行为特征、持烟行为特征和施力过程特征等几个方面，获得卷烟消费者敲击卷烟烟灰掉落时的行为特征数据，基于该数据形成卷烟落头倾向检测方法中的测试操作条件。
表1 敲击卷烟施力弹落烟灰行为下常规烟支和细支烟确定的测定条件
Figure PCTCN2018085077-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2018085077-appb-000002
该发明依据该操作条件设置燃烧锥落头倾向测试装置(参见图1)，测试装置包括卷烟抽吸单元、夹持装置单元和敲击装置单元，具体条件如下：
1、具备符合GB/T 16450要求的卷烟抽吸单元；
2、敲击装置单元要求击锤材质的邵氏硬度为2.7±2.3HA，击锤的宽度或直径符合(10±0.5)mm，敲击力度应在(10-30)gf范围内可调(允差±0.5gf)，敲击作用时间可保持常规烟支0.12s(允差±0.005s)、细支烟0.1s(允差±0.005s),敲击位置在(33-38)mm范围内可调(允差±0.5mm)，敲击频次可控制每轮弹灰动作敲击4次和连续敲击2-4次的设定(两次敲击间隔时间不大于1s)；
3、夹持装置单元中持烟夹材质以模拟人手指为依据，其邵氏硬度应符合2.7±2.3HA，根据吸烟者敲击习惯持烟夹宽度应符合10±0.5mm，夹持力度在15-17gf范围内可调,允差±0.5gf，夹持位置在19-22mm范围内可调，允差±0.5mm，该装置还应具备控制敲击力度、敲击作用时间、敲击位置、敲击时机、夹持力度、夹持位置等参数的控制单元。
实施例1：
选择一种常规卷烟(牌号A)为样品进行测试。该发明可以依据以下测试条件设置和操作步骤实现：
步骤1：将试样置入恒温恒湿环境中，按GB/T 16447的要求调节样品。进行燃烧锥落头倾向测试的实验室测试大气也应符合GB/T 16447的规定。
步骤2：根据卷烟的规格，设置测试操作条件。
设定燃烧锥落头倾向测试装置的敲击力度为16±0.5gf，敲击作用时间为0.12±0.005s；设定燃烧锥落头倾向测试装置的敲击位置为34±0.5mm；设定燃烧锥落头倾向测试装置的卷烟燃烧锥落头倾向测试终止标记位置44±0.5mm；设定燃烧锥落头倾向测试装置的敲击时机为：从第2口开始，每口后分别实施一轮敲击，直至抽吸至测试终止标记位置为止；设定燃烧锥落 头倾向测试装置的弹灰频次为：每轮实施4次敲击，两次敲击时间间隔不大于1s；设定燃烧锥落头倾向测试装置的夹持力度为17±0.5gf；设定燃烧锥落头倾向测试装置的夹持位置为19±0.5mm；设定燃烧锥落头倾向测试装置的抽吸模式为ISO3308标准抽吸模式。
步骤3：将调节好的卷烟试样插入卷烟夹持器，测试条件下进行抽吸和敲击。
步骤4：抽吸中烟支出现落头现象或者抽吸至卷烟燃烧锥落头倾向测试终止标记位置时，结束测试，记录卷烟燃烧锥“落”与“不落”的状态信息及落头发生的抽吸口数。
步骤5：重复测试40支卷烟，计算卷烟燃烧锥落头倾向，作为一组测试结果。
步骤6：每个样品测试两组。
步骤7：计算测试结果。
测试数据记录结果所要表征的卷烟燃烧锥落头倾向(HCFP)计算按式(1)计算：
Figure PCTCN2018085077-appb-000003
式中：
HCFP——卷烟燃烧锥落头倾向，％；
n——发生落头现象的烟支数。
两组40支卷烟发生落头现象的烟支数分别为9和10支。
步骤8：结果分析与判别。两次测量结果分别为22.5％和25.0％。平行试验结果的绝对差不大于20.0％,测试结果为23.8％。
实施例2：
选择一种细支卷烟(牌号B)为样品进行测试。该发明可以依据以下测试条件设置和操作步骤实现：
步骤1：将试样置入恒温恒湿环境中，按GB/T 16447的要求调节样品。进行燃烧锥落头倾向测试的实验室测试大气也应符合GB/T 16447的规定。
步骤2：根据卷烟的规格，设置测试操作条件。
设定燃烧锥落头倾向测试装置的敲击力度为14±0.5gf，敲击作用时间为0.10±0.005s；设定燃烧锥落头倾向测试装置的敲击位置为37±0.5mm； 设定燃烧锥落头倾向测试装置的卷烟燃烧锥落头倾向测试终止标记位置47±0.5mm；设定燃烧锥落头倾向测试装置的敲击时机为：从第2口开始，每口后分别实施一轮敲击，直至抽吸至测试终止标记位置为止；设定燃烧锥落头倾向测试装置的弹灰频次为：每轮实施2次敲击，两次敲击时间间隔不大于1s；设定燃烧锥落头倾向测试装置的夹持力度为15±0.5gf；设定燃烧锥落头倾向测试装置的夹持位置为22±0.5mm；设定燃烧锥落头倾向测试装置的抽吸模式为ISO3308标准抽吸模式。
步骤3：将调节好的卷烟试样插入卷烟夹持器，测试条件下进行抽吸和敲击。
步骤4：抽吸中烟支出现落头现象或者抽吸至卷烟燃烧锥落头倾向测试终止标记位置时，结束测试，记录卷烟燃烧锥“落”与“不落”的状态信息及落头发生的抽吸口数。
步骤5：重复测试40支卷烟，计算卷烟燃烧锥落头倾向，作为一组测试结果。
步骤6：每个样品测试两组。
步骤7：计算测试结果。
测试数据记录结果所要表征的卷烟燃烧锥落头倾向(HCFP)计算按式(1)计算：
Figure PCTCN2018085077-appb-000004
式中：
HCFP——卷烟燃烧锥落头倾向，％；
n——发生落头现象的烟支数。
两组40支卷烟发生落头现象的烟支数分别为6和6支。
步骤8：结果分析与判别。两次测量结果分别为15.0％和15.0％。平行试验结果的绝对差不大于20.0％,测试结果为15.0％。

Claims (18)

  1. 一种基于模拟人敲击卷烟烟灰掉落行为特征的卷烟落头倾向性能检测设备，包括：
    夹持单元，所述夹持单元用于夹持烟支；
    抽吸单元，所述抽吸单元与烟支的一端相连接以抽吸烟支；
    敲击单元，所述敲击单元靠近所述夹持单元设置，并且所述敲击单元能够敲击烟支；和
    控制单元，所述控制单元分别与所述抽吸单元和所述敲击单元相连接以控制抽吸和敲击动作。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的设备，其中，所述夹持单元夹持在烟支的过滤嘴部分处，并且所述一端为所述过滤嘴部分的自由端。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的设备，其中，所述敲击单元包括：
    敲击臂；和
    敲击锤，所述敲击锤设置在所述敲击臂的一端以在所述敲击臂的驱动下对烟支进行敲击。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的设备，其中，所述敲击锤由邵氏硬度在0.4HA-5HA之间的材料制成。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的设备，其中，所述敲击锤对烟支的敲击力度在10gf-30gf之间。
  6. 根据权利要求3所述的设备，其中：
    当烟支为小直径的细烟支时，所述敲击锤的每次敲击的作用时间在0.095-0.105秒之间；以及
    当烟支为大直径的常规烟支时，所述敲击锤的每次敲击的作用时间在0.115-0.125秒之间。
  7. 根据权利要求3所述的设备，其中，所述敲击锤宽度或者直径在9.5mm-10.5mm之间，并且所述敲击点与所述一端的距离在33mm-38mm之间。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的设备，其中，所述夹持单元由邵氏硬度在0.4HA-5.0HA之间的材料制成。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的设备，其中，所述夹持单元对烟支的夹持宽度 在9.5mm-10.5mm之间，所述夹持单元的夹持力度在16gf-18gf之间，并且所述夹持单元的夹持点到所述一端的距离在19mm-22mm之间。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的设备，其中，所述控制装置用于控制所述夹持单元的夹持力度、所述抽吸单元的抽吸强度和抽吸频率以及所述敲击单元的敲击周期、敲击点的位置和敲击力度。
  11. 一种使用权利要求1-10中任一项所述的卷烟落头倾向性能检测设备检测卷烟落头倾向性能的方法，包括：
    步骤A：使用所述夹持单元夹持烟支，点燃烟支；
    步骤B：通过所述控制单元启动所述抽吸单元抽吸烟支，以模拟人的抽吸动作；
    步骤C：以所述抽吸单元抽吸k次为周期，通过所述控制单元启动所述敲击单元对烟支执行一轮敲击，以模拟人的敲击烟支动作；
    步骤D：当烟支出现落头或者烟支燃烧至预定的测试终止标记处时，通过所述控制单元停止检测；和
    步骤E：对40个烟支重复所述步骤B、所述步骤C和所述步骤D以进行检测，并且记录出现落头的次数n，以使用以下公式计算烟支燃烧锥落头倾向HCFP：
    HCFP＝n/40×100％。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的方法，其中，在恒温恒湿环境中完成所述步骤A、所述步骤B、所述步骤C、所述步骤D和所述步骤E。
  13. 根据权利要求11所述的方法，其中，所述夹持单元对烟支的夹持宽度在9.5mm-10.5mm之间，所述夹持单元的夹持力度在16gf-18gf之间，并且所述夹持单元的夹持点到所述一端的距离在18mm-20mm之间。
  14. 根据权利要求11所述的方法，其中，在所述步骤C中，所述一轮敲击包括使用所述敲击单元对烟支执行2-4次敲击，并且相邻两次之间的间隔时间不大于1秒。
  15. 根据权利要求11所述的方法，其中，敲击单元包括敲击臂和敲击锤，当所述敲击锤与烟支接触时，所述敲击臂与烟支的夹角在30°-60°之间。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的方法，其中，在所述步骤C中，所述敲击锤对烟支的敲击力度在20gf-60gf之间。
  17. 根据权利要求15所述的设备，其中，在所述步骤C中，所述敲击锤 对烟支的敲击点的宽度在9.5mm-10.5mm之间，并且所述敲击点与所述一端的距离在30mm-32mm之间。
  18. 根据权利要求11所述的设备，其中，对每个烟支样品进行两组测试，在所述步骤E之后，以两组检测结果的平均值表示烟支的最终HCFP，并且当两组测量结果的绝对值差大于20％时，重新进行检测。
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