WO2018196496A1 - 像素结构驱动方法 - Google Patents

像素结构驱动方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018196496A1
WO2018196496A1 PCT/CN2018/078788 CN2018078788W WO2018196496A1 WO 2018196496 A1 WO2018196496 A1 WO 2018196496A1 CN 2018078788 W CN2018078788 W CN 2018078788W WO 2018196496 A1 WO2018196496 A1 WO 2018196496A1
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Prior art keywords
pixel
sub
pixel unit
pixels
unit group
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PCT/CN2018/078788
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈心全
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昆山国显光电有限公司
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Priority to JP2019534756A priority Critical patent/JP6997192B2/ja
Priority to KR1020197019782A priority patent/KR102192212B1/ko
Priority to EP18791566.5A priority patent/EP3618118B1/en
Priority to US16/324,281 priority patent/US10741618B2/en
Publication of WO2018196496A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018196496A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/30—Devices specially adapted for multicolour light emission
    • H10K59/35—Devices specially adapted for multicolour light emission comprising red-green-blue [RGB] subpixels
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/2007—Display of intermediate tones
    • G09G3/2074—Display of intermediate tones using sub-pixels
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/30—Devices specially adapted for multicolour light emission
    • H10K59/35—Devices specially adapted for multicolour light emission comprising red-green-blue [RGB] subpixels
    • H10K59/353—Devices specially adapted for multicolour light emission comprising red-green-blue [RGB] subpixels characterised by the geometrical arrangement of the RGB subpixels
    • G—PHYSICS
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    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
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    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
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    • G09G3/22—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources
    • G09G3/30—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels
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    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/22—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources
    • G09G3/30—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels
    • G09G3/32—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • G09G3/3208—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED]
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    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/34—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source
    • G09G3/36—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source using liquid crystals
    • G09G3/3607—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source using liquid crystals for displaying colours or for displaying grey scales with a specific pixel layout, e.g. using sub-pixels
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/10—OLED displays
    • H10K59/12—Active-matrix OLED [AMOLED] displays
    • H10K59/121—Active-matrix OLED [AMOLED] displays characterised by the geometry or disposition of pixel elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/30—Devices specially adapted for multicolour light emission
    • H10K59/35—Devices specially adapted for multicolour light emission comprising red-green-blue [RGB] subpixels
    • H10K59/352—Devices specially adapted for multicolour light emission comprising red-green-blue [RGB] subpixels the areas of the RGB subpixels being different
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K71/00—Manufacture or treatment specially adapted for the organic devices covered by this subclass
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
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    • G02F2201/52—RGB geometrical arrangements
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H10K59/131—Interconnections, e.g. wiring lines or terminals

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of display technologies, and in particular, to a pixel structure driving method.
  • OLED Organic Light-Emitting Diode
  • LCD Liquid Crystal Display
  • OLED display technology does not require a backlight and has self-luminous characteristics.
  • the OLED uses a thinner organic material film layer and a glass substrate, and when a current passes, the organic material emits light. Therefore, the OLED display can significantly save power, can be made lighter and thinner, can withstand a wider range of temperature changes than the LCD display, and has a larger viewing angle.
  • OLED display is expected to become the next-generation flat panel display technology after LCD, and it is one of the most popular technologies in flat panel display technology.
  • OLED colorization technology that is now mature and has been successfully mass-produced is mainly OLED evaporation technology, which uses conventional RGB Stripe (RGB strip) arrangement for evaporation.
  • RGB stripe RGB strip
  • the side-by-side method has three sub-pixels of red, green, and blue (R, G, B) in a pixel (Pixel) range, each sub-pixel is rectangular, and each has its own independent organic
  • An illuminating component which forms an organic luminescent component by a vapor deposition film forming technique through a high-precision metal mask (FMM) on a corresponding pixel position on an array substrate, the high-definition metal mask
  • FMM high-precision metal mask
  • the stencil is often referred to simply as an evaporation mask.
  • the OLED display technology that produces high PPI (Pixel Per Inch, the number of pixels per inch) focuses on fine and mechanically stable FMMs and pixel layout.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a pixel arrangement of an OLED display screen in the prior art.
  • the industry usually refers to this kind of pixel structure as Real RGB.
  • the OLED display screen adopts a pixel juxtaposition manner, and each pixel unit Pixel includes an R sub-pixel region 101, a G sub-pixel region 103, and a B sub-pixel region 105, wherein the R sub-pixel region 101 includes R.
  • the light emitting region 102 and the R non-light emitting region, the G sub-pixel region 103 includes a G light emitting region 104 and a G non-light emitting region, and the B subpixel region 105 includes a B light emitting region 106 and a B non-light emitting region.
  • the R, G, and B sub-pixels shown in FIG. 1 are all rectangular and the area of the light-emitting area is equal, and the R, G, and B sub-pixels are arranged in a straight line.
  • each sub-pixel region comprising a cathode, an anode and an electroluminescent layer (also referred to as an organic emission layer), wherein the electroluminescent layer is located between the cathode and the anode for generating a predetermined color of light for display .
  • an electroluminescent layer also referred to as an organic emission layer
  • the pixel structure of the OLED display screen shown in FIG. 1 is usually vapor deposited by using the FMM shown in FIG. 2, and the FMM includes a shielding area 107 and a plurality of vapor deposition openings 108, and two vapor deposition openings 108 adjacent to each other in the same column.
  • the occlusion area between them is called a bridge. Since the sub-pixels of the same color are arranged in the upper and lower alignments in the arrangement of FIG. 1, the vapor deposition openings 108 of the FMM must also be aligned, which makes the connection bridge between the two adjacent vapor deposition openings 108 in the longitudinal direction. (bridge) has the risk of disconnection.
  • the vapor deposition opening 108 of the FMM needs to correspond to a predetermined pixel position. According to the conventional pixel arrangement method, the alignment space of the FMM and the sub-pixel region is reduced, which may cause defects of color shortage or color mixture.
  • the present invention provides a pixel structure driving method, the pixel structure including a plurality of pixel rows, each pixel row including a first sub-pixel, a second sub-pixel, and a third sub-pixel sequentially arranged in sequence.
  • the light-emitting areas of the sub-pixels of the same color in the adjacent two odd-numbered rows are mutually opposite each other, and the light-emitting areas of the sub-pixels of the same color in the adjacent two even-numbered rows are mutually opposite each other, and adjacent odd-numbered lines and The light-emitting areas of the sub-pixels of the same color in even rows are staggered from each other;
  • the pixel structure driving method includes: dividing an image to be displayed into a plurality of theoretical pixel unit groups, each theoretical pixel unit group including four reference pixel units, each of the reference pixel units including three juxtaposed sub-pixels, determining a color component of each sub-pixel in the theoretical pixel unit group; dividing the pixel structure into a plurality of target pixel unit groups, each target pixel unit group being equivalent to one theoretical pixel unit group, each target pixel unit group including three a target pixel unit, each target pixel unit includes three sub-pixels, and determining a color component of each sub-pixel in the target pixel unit group according to a color component of each sub-pixel in the theoretical pixel unit group, wherein at least one of the target pixel unit groups
  • the color component of the sub-pixel is the maximum or average value of the color components of the two sub-pixels of the corresponding color in the theoretical pixel unit group.
  • the first target pixel unit and the second target pixel unit are both triangular structures, and the third target pixel unit has a rectangular configuration.
  • the color component of each of the three target pixel units has a maximum value or an average value of the color components of the two sub-pixels of the corresponding color in the theoretical pixel unit group.
  • the color component of each of the first target pixel unit and the second target pixel unit has the color of two sub-pixels of the corresponding color in the theoretical pixel unit group.
  • the maximum value or the average value of the components, and the color component of the sub-pixel located at the intermediate position in the third target pixel unit is the maximum value or the average value of the color components of the two sub-pixels of the corresponding color in the theoretical pixel unit group.
  • the color components of the three sub-pixels in the third target pixel unit are the maximum value or the average value of the color components of the two sub-pixels of the corresponding color in the theoretical pixel unit group.
  • the color component of the sub-pixel located at the intermediate position in the third target pixel unit is the maximum value or average of the color components of the two sub-pixels of the corresponding color in the theoretical pixel unit group. value.
  • a maximum or average value of color components of two sub-pixels is determined by a driving chip of the display screen.
  • the first sub-pixel, the second sub-pixel, and the third sub-pixel have the same shape and size
  • the first sub-pixel, the second sub-pixel, and the third The shape of the sub-pixels is a rectangle having an aspect ratio of less than 1.5:1.
  • the common boundary line of the adjacent first sub-pixel and the second sub-pixel on the same row coincides with the center line of the most adjacent third sub-pixel on the adjacent row extending in the column direction.
  • Adjacent two sides of the first sub-pixel, the second sub-pixel, and the third sub-pixel are connected by one or more arcs and/or one or more straight lines.
  • the pixel structure driving method is divided into a plurality of target pixel unit groups according to a Real RGB arrangement manner, and the size of the target pixel unit group in the row direction is equivalent to a theoretical pixel unit group.
  • the size in the row direction, and the size of the target pixel unit group in the column direction corresponds to the size of the theoretical pixel unit group in the column direction.
  • the present invention divides a pixel structure into a plurality of target pixel unit groups, each target pixel unit group is equivalent to one theoretical pixel unit group, and determines a target according to a color component of each sub-pixel in the theoretical pixel unit group.
  • the present invention compresses a conventional four pixel unit into three pixel units such that the color component of at least one sub-pixel in the target pixel unit group is equivalent to the maximum or average value of the color components of the two sub-pixels in the theoretical pixel unit group. Therefore, at least one sub-pixel in the target pixel unit group functions as two sub-pixels in the theoretical pixel unit group, and driving of the pixel structure is realized.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a pixel structure in the prior art.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an FMM corresponding to FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a pixel according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an FMM corresponding to FIG. 3.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of another pixel structure according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of another pixel structure according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of still another pixel structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a further pixel structure according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a pixel structure in which a gate line and a data line are connected according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 10 is an equivalent schematic diagram of a theoretical pixel unit group in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is an equivalent diagram of four theoretical pixel unit groups in an embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a pixel structure taking color components according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 13 is an equivalent schematic view of the pixel structure of FIG.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of another pixel structure taking color components according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • Figure 15 is an equivalent schematic view of the pixel structure of Figure 14.
  • the technical focus of the OLED display panel for producing a high PPI is the FMM with fine and mechanical stability and the arrangement of pixels.
  • FMM is a key component in vapor-deposited pixels, and problems such as warpage and breakage should be minimized to avoid defects such as vaporization of the vapor deposition film layer and offset.
  • the arrangement of pixels and sub-pixels is the main reason for determining whether the FMM is prone to warpage and breakage. That is, the arrangement of pixels and sub-pixels largely determines the mechanical properties of the FMM, and the mechanical properties of the FMM largely determine the quality of the evaporation.
  • the FMM shown in FIG. 2 is provided with an evaporation opening corresponding to the position of the sub-pixel of a certain color.
  • the evaporation of the FMM is performed.
  • the opening 108 must also be aligned, making masking and evaporation processes more difficult.
  • the present invention provides a pixel structure of an OLED display panel, the pixel structure including a plurality of pixel rows (also referred to as columns), each pixel row (column) including a plurality of sub-pixels, the plurality of sub-pixels
  • the first sub-pixel, the second sub-pixel, and the third sub-pixel are repeatedly arranged in sequence, and the shapes of the light-emitting regions of the first sub-pixel, the second sub-pixel, and the third sub-pixel are all less than 1.5:1 aspect ratio Square, the light-emitting areas of the sub-pixels of the same color in two adjacent odd-numbered rows (columns) are arranged opposite each other, and between the light-emitting areas of the sub-pixels of the same color in two adjacent even rows (columns) Also arranged in opposition to each other, and the light-emitting areas of the sub-pixels of the same color in the adjacent odd-numbered rows (columns) and even-numbered rows (columns)
  • the invention sets the aspect ratio (the ratio of the length of the long side to the length of the short side) of the sub-pixel to be less than 1.5:1 (that is, the shape of the sub-pixel is square or close to a square), which can ensure the maximum opening, correspondingly, in order to ensure the sub-pixel
  • the pixels are square or nearly square, converting the conventional four pixel units (12 sub-pixels) into three pixel units (9 sub-pixels).
  • the light-emitting areas of the sub-pixels of the same color in the adjacent odd-numbered rows and even-numbered rows are staggered from each other, and the vapor-deposited openings on the evaporation mask are staggered, which can improve the strength of the evaporation mask and avoid steaming.
  • the masking plate has problems such as warping and cracking, and reduces the defects of evaporation coating, such as blooming and offset of the vapor deposition film layer, and reduces the difficulty of masking and vapor deposition processes. Further, the shapes and sizes of the first sub-pixel, the second sub-pixel, and the third sub-pixel are the same, and the intervals on the vapor deposition mask are the same, so that the strength of the evaporation mask can be further improved.
  • the present invention further provides a pixel structure driving method, which divides an image to be displayed into a plurality of theoretical pixel unit groups, each theoretical pixel unit group includes four reference pixel units, and each of the reference pixel units includes three juxtaposed pixels.
  • Arranging sub-pixels determining color components of each sub-pixel in the theoretical pixel unit group; dividing the pixel structure into a plurality of target pixel unit groups, each target pixel unit group being equivalent to one theoretical pixel unit group, each target The pixel unit group includes three target pixel units, each of the target pixel units includes three sub-pixels, and the color component of each sub-pixel in the target pixel unit group is determined according to the color component of each sub-pixel in the theoretical pixel unit group, wherein the target A color component of at least one sub-pixel in the pixel unit group is a maximum value or an average value of color components of two sub-pixels of a corresponding color in the theoretical pixel unit group. In this way, the driving of the pixel structure is realized on the basis of compressing four pixel units into three pixel units.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a pixel arrangement of an OLED display screen according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • the X direction refers to an extending direction of each pixel row, which is also referred to as a row direction (lateral direction); and the Y direction refers to a direction perpendicular to the X direction, which is also referred to as a column direction (longitudinal direction).
  • the column direction is referred to as the length direction of the sub-pixel
  • the row direction is referred to as the width direction of the sub-pixel
  • the "length of the sub-pixel” refers to The size of the light-emitting region of the pixel in the column direction
  • the "width of the sub-pixel” refer to the size of the light-emitting region of the sub-pixel in the row direction.
  • the row direction is referred to as the length direction of the sub-pixel
  • the column direction is referred to as the width direction of the sub-pixel
  • the "length of the sub-pixel” refers to The size of the light-emitting region of the pixel in the row direction
  • the "width of the sub-pixel” refer to the size of the light-emitting region of the sub-pixel in the column direction.
  • the “aspect ratio of the sub-pixel” refers to the ratio of the maximum size of the light-emitting region of the sub-pixel in the longitudinal direction to the maximum size in the width direction.
  • the number of pixels in the actual product is not limited thereto, and the number of pixel units may be changed according to the actual display needs.
  • the first row, the second row, the first column, the second column, etc. in the present invention are all shown as reference standards for illustrating the present invention, and do not refer to rows and columns in actual products.
  • the pixel structure 300 of the OLED display panel includes a plurality of pixel rows, and each sub-pixel in the pixel structure is arranged in a side-by-side manner, and each pixel row includes a repeated arrangement in sequence.
  • the first sub-pixel 301, the second sub-pixel 303, and the third sub-pixel 305, the light-emitting areas of the sub-pixels of the same color in the adjacent two odd-numbered rows are arranged opposite to each other, and adjacent two even rows
  • the light-emitting areas of the sub-pixels of the same color are also arranged opposite each other, but the light-emitting areas of the sub-pixels of the same color in the odd-numbered rows and the even-numbered rows are misaligned.
  • the sub-pixels in all odd rows are arranged in the same manner, and the sub-pixels in the even rows are arranged in the same manner.
  • the light-emitting regions of the sub-pixels of the same color in the odd-numbered rows and the even-numbered rows are not vertically corresponding, but are staggered from each other. (Shift) arrangement.
  • the shapes and sizes of the light-emitting areas of the first sub-pixel 301, the second sub-pixel 303, and the third sub-pixel 305 are the same, and the first sub-pixel 301 and the second sub-pixel 303 adjacent to each other on the same row.
  • the boundary line coincides with the center line of the light-emitting area of the most adjacent third sub-pixel 305 on the adjacent row extending in the column direction, so that the RGB sub-pixels are evenly distributed and have a better display effect.
  • the center line 305 ′ of the third sub-pixel 305 extending in the column direction (the center line 305 ′ extends in the column direction and the center line 305 ′ divides the third sub-pixel 305 into two) and the first sub-pixel
  • the common boundary line of the 301 and the second sub-pixel 303 coincides.
  • the odd-numbered rows and the even-numbered rows of the same color sub-pixels (such as the first sub-pixel 301) are misaligned by 1.5 sub-pixel arrays, that is, two sub-pixels of the same color that are closest in position in the adjacent two rows.
  • the distance in the row direction between the midpoints of the light-emitting region is the size of 1.5 sub-pixels in the row direction, and the distance between the mid-points of the two sub-pixels of the same color closest to the same row in the same row is 3 sub-pixels in the row direction size.
  • the common edge is the common boundary line of the first sub-pixel 301 and the second sub-pixel 303, however,
  • the "boundary" or “boundary line” herein is not limited to a "boundary” or “boundary line” of an entity, but may refer to a virtual "boundary” or "boundary line” between two sub-pixels.
  • the boundary lines of the adjacent first sub-pixel 301 and the second sub-pixel 303 coincide with the center line extending along the column direction of the most adjacent third sub-pixel 305 on the adjacent row, the arrangement effect Preferably, however, the size of the sub-pixels of the same color in adjacent odd-numbered rows and even-numbered rows is not strictly limited to 1.5 sub-pixels, such as in the range of 1.4 to 1.6 sub-pixels.
  • the colors of the first sub-pixel 301, the second sub-pixel 303, and the third sub-pixel 305 are respectively red, green, and blue, and the first sub-pixel 301, the second sub-pixel 303, and the third sub-pixel The colors of 305 are different. For example, in FIG.
  • the first sub-pixel 301 is a green (G) sub-pixel
  • the second sub-pixel 303 is a blue (B) sub-pixel
  • the third sub-pixel 305 is a red (R) sub-pixel, such that an odd row
  • the plurality of sub-pixels are cyclically arranged in the manner of G, B, R, G, B, R, etc., and in the even rows, the plurality of sub-pixels are cyclically arranged in the manner of R, G, B, R, G, B, . .
  • the first sub-pixel 301 may also be a blue sub-pixel or a red sub-pixel
  • the second sub-pixel 303 may be a green sub-pixel or a red sub-pixel
  • the third sub-pixel 305 may be a green sub-pixel or a blue sub-pixel.
  • the colors of the first sub-pixel 301, the second sub-pixel 303, and the third sub-pixel 305 may be different.
  • the first sub-pixel 301, the second sub-pixel 303, and the third sub-pixel 305 each include a light-emitting area (display area) and a non-light-emitting area (non-display area), and the light-emitting area of each sub-pixel includes a cathode, an anode, and an electric An electroluminescent layer (also referred to as an organic emissive layer) positioned between the cathode and the anode for generating a predetermined color of light for display.
  • An electroluminescent layer also referred to as an organic emissive layer
  • the first sub-pixel 301 includes a G-emitting area 302
  • the second sub-pixel 303 includes a B-emitting area 304
  • the third sub-pixel 305 includes an R-emitting area 306, which is generally required to use a three-dimensional evaporation process to respectively
  • An electroluminescent layer of a corresponding color eg, red, green, or blue
  • a corresponding color eg, red, green, or blue
  • the metal mask 400 has a plurality of vapor deposition openings 408 that correspond to sub-pixels of the same color (eg, green) in FIG. Since the odd-numbered rows and the even-numbered rows of pixels of the same color are not vertically corresponding, but are shifted (shifted) from each other, the vapor-deposited openings on the vapor-deposited mask (FMM) for forming the sub-pixels are also staggered. . As can be seen from FIG.
  • the distance between the two vapor deposition openings 408 closest to each other in the adjacent two rows is increased, the strength of the FMM can be increased, and the warpage, breakage, etc. of the FMM can be avoided as much as possible.
  • the problem is to reduce the defects of vapor deposition quality such as blooming and offset of the vapor deposition film layer.
  • the light-emitting areas of the first sub-pixel 301, the second sub-pixel 303, and the third sub-pixel 305 are all quadrangular, and the aspect ratio of the light-emitting area of each sub-pixel (long side)
  • the ratio of the length to the length of the short side is less than 1.5:1, that is, L2:L1 ⁇ 1.5:1 when L2 is the long side, or L1:L2 ⁇ 1.5:1 when L1 is the long side. Setting the aspect ratio of the sub-pixels to be less than 1.5:1 can ensure the maximum opening.
  • four pixel units in the conventional Real RGB arrangement are converted into the embodiment.
  • the three pixel units that is, the 3*3 pixel array shown in FIG. 3, the size in the row direction corresponds to the size of two pixel units (2 pixels) in the Real RGB arrangement, and the size in the column direction is equivalent.
  • the size of two pixel units in the Real RGB arrangement in other words, the nine sub-pixels in this embodiment are equivalent to 12 sub-pixels in the prior art.
  • the light-emitting areas of the first sub-pixel 301, the second sub-pixel 303, and the third sub-pixel 305 are all square, that is, the aspect ratio (L2: L1) of each of the sub-pixels is 1 : 1, correspondingly, the evaporation opening 408 in Figure 4 is also square.
  • the inventors have found that the closer the aspect ratio of the light-emitting region of the sub-pixel is to 1:1, the closer the aspect ratio of the vapor-deposited opening of the FMM is to 1:1, then the FMM is less prone to warpage and breakage, FMM The higher the intensity.
  • the shapes of the light-emitting areas of the first sub-pixel 301, the second sub-pixel 303, and the third sub-pixel 305 are not limited to squares, and may also be rectangles having an aspect ratio of less than 1.5:1, as shown in FIG. It is shown that L2 of the first sub-pixel 301, the second sub-pixel 303, and the third sub-pixel 305 is greater than L1, wherein the aspect ratio (L2: L1) of the rectangular sub-pixel may be 1.1:1, 1.2:1, 1.3: 1, 1.4:1, etc., as long as less than 1.5:1 can achieve better results.
  • the shape of the light-emitting area of the first sub-pixel 301, the second sub-pixel 303, and the third sub-pixel 305 may also be a square-like or a rectangular-like shape, such as an approximately rectangular or approximately square trapezoid, for example, an isosceles trapezoid.
  • a non-isosceles trapezoid which may be a positive trapezoid, an inverted trapezoid, a trapezoid rotated 90 degrees to the left or a trapezoid rotated 90 degrees to the right.
  • the trapezoid is an isosceles trapezoid
  • the difference in size between the upper base and the lower base of the isosceles trapezoid is less than 10% of the length of the lower base
  • the waist and the upper side of the isosceles trapezoid are The angle is greater than 90 degrees and less than 100 degrees
  • the angle between the waist of the isosceles trapezoid and the lower base is greater than 80 degrees and less than 90 degrees, such that the first sub-pixel 301, the second sub-pixel 303, and the third sub-
  • the shape of the light-emitting region of the pixel 305 is also substantially square (within the allowable range of deviation), and a better arrangement effect can still be obtained.
  • the shape of the light-emitting area of the first sub-pixel 301, the second sub-pixel 303, and the third sub-pixel 305 is a positive trapezoid or an inverted trapezoid, the average of the upper base length and the lower base length and the trapezoidal high school.
  • the maximum value is regarded as the dimension of the trapezoidal length direction
  • the mean value of the length of the upper base side and the lower base side and the minimum value of the high school of the trapezoid are regarded as the dimension of the trapezoidal width direction
  • the dimension of the trapezoidal length direction and the trapezoidal shape The ratio of the dimensions in the width direction is less than 1.5.
  • the shape of the light-emitting areas of the first sub-pixel 301, the second sub-pixel 303, and the third sub-pixel 305 is the best when it is square, in actual production, it is not necessarily It is possible to obtain a square with a very good corner and some suitable deformation within the allowable range.
  • the adjacent two sides 3021, 3022 may not be directly connected and perpendicular to each other as shown in FIG. 3, or may be an arc connection (the adjacent two sides 3021, 3022 are connected by the curved line segment 3023), that is, The corners of the square are rounded, as shown in Figure 6.
  • the adjacent two sides 3021, 3022 may also be connected by a straight line segment 3024, so that the quadrilateral is expanded into an octagon, as shown in FIG. 7, but the overall aspect ratio is less than 1.5:1.
  • Square the adjacent two sides 3021, 3022 may also be connected by two straight segments, so that the quadrilateral is expanded into a dodecagonal shape.
  • the object of the present invention can be achieved as long as the shape of the light-emitting regions of the first sub-pixel 301, the second sub-pixel 303, and the third sub-pixel 305 is square as a whole, and the aspect ratio of the square is less than 1.5.
  • the pixel structure shown in FIG. 3 can be rotated 90 degrees to the left or right, or of course, 180 degrees.
  • a pixel structure as shown in Fig. 8 is obtained.
  • the pixel structure includes a plurality of pixel columns, and each pixel column includes a first sub-pixel 301, a second sub-pixel 303, and a third sub-pixel 305 which are sequentially arranged in sequence, and two adjacent odd columns.
  • the light-emitting areas of the sub-pixels of the same color are arranged opposite each other, and the light-emitting areas of the sub-pixels of the same color in the adjacent two even columns are also arranged opposite each other, but the same color in the odd-numbered columns and the even-numbered columns
  • the light-emitting regions of the sub-pixels are arranged offset.
  • the sub-pixels in all odd columns are arranged in the same manner, and the sub-pixels in all even columns are arranged in the same manner.
  • the light-emitting areas of the sub-pixels of the same color in the odd-numbered column and the even-numbered column are not aligned with each other, but are staggered from each other ( Shift) Arrange. Compared with FIG.
  • the row and column directions in FIG. 8 are interchanged, however, the aspect ratio of the light-emitting region of each sub-pixel is still less than 1.5:1, preferably the aspect ratio is 1:1, FMM The closer the aspect ratio of the vapor deposition opening is to 1:1, the less likely the FMM is to warp and break, and the higher the strength of the FMM.
  • an OLED display panel which can adopt any of the above pixel structures.
  • each pixel row in the pixel structure 300 is connected to one gate line, and each pixel column is connected to one data line.
  • a plurality of pixel rows are respectively connected to the gate lines G1, G2, G3, ..., and a plurality of pixel columns are connected to the gate lines S1, S2, S3, ..., respectively.
  • the data lines may be bent.
  • the pixel structure of the OLED display panel includes a plurality of target pixel unit groups P0, each of which is equivalent to one theoretical pixel unit group in the Real RGB pixel structure. That is, the size of one target pixel unit group in the row direction corresponds to the size of one theoretical pixel unit group in the row direction, and the size of one target pixel unit group in the column direction is equivalent to the theoretical pixel unit group in the column direction. size.
  • Each target pixel unit group P0 includes three target pixel units P1, P2, P3, and each target pixel unit includes 3 sub-pixels.
  • the first pixel unit P1 and the second pixel unit P2 are juxtaposed in a straight line, and the third pixel unit P3 is arranged on the other line.
  • the sub-pixels in the first pixel unit P1 and the second pixel unit P2 are distributed in a triangle, and the sub-pixels in the third pixel unit P3 are distributed in a straight line, that is, the pixel units P1 and P2 have a triangular configuration, and the pixel unit P3 is Rectangular construction.
  • each of the target pixel unit groups P0 includes 9 sub-pixels, and thus each of the target pixel unit groups P0 is connected to 3 gate lines and 3 data lines.
  • each theoretical pixel unit group includes 4 reference pixel units, and each of the reference pixel units includes 3 sub-pixels, that is, 12 sub-pixels are included in each theoretical pixel unit group. , connect 2 gate lines and 6 data lines.
  • the pixel structure of the present embodiment has a larger number of gate lines than Real RGB (1.5 times the number of gate lines of the Real RGB pixel structure), but the connected data lines. The number of data lines is less than Real RGB (50% of the number of data lines in the Real RGB pixel structure), and the number of signal lines connected to the display as a whole is reduced.
  • the embodiment further provides a driving method for the foregoing pixel structure, including the following steps:
  • each theoretical pixel unit group includes four array-distributed reference pixel units, each of the reference pixel units including three juxtaposed sub-pixels, and determining a theoretical pixel unit The color component of each sub-pixel in the group;
  • the pixel structure is divided into a plurality of target pixel unit groups, each target pixel unit group is equivalent to one theoretical pixel unit group, each target pixel unit group includes three array-distributed target pixel units, and each target pixel unit includes three sub-objects. a pixel, and determining, according to a color component of the theoretical sub-pixel in the theoretical pixel unit group, a color component actually assumed by each sub-pixel in the target pixel unit group; wherein, a color component of at least one sub-pixel in the target pixel unit group is a theoretical pixel unit The maximum or average value of the color components of the two sub-pixels of the corresponding color in the group.
  • the image to be displayed is first divided into a plurality of theoretical pixel unit groups according to the Real RGB pixel structure, and then the pixel structure is divided into a plurality of target pixel unit groups, and each target pixel unit group is equivalent to one theoretical pixel. Unit group.
  • FIG. 10 is an equivalent schematic diagram of a theoretical pixel unit group in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • (a) is a schematic diagram of a theoretical pixel unit group in a Real RGB pixel structure
  • (b) is a schematic diagram of a target pixel unit group in the pixel structure of the embodiment.
  • the theoretical pixel unit group includes four reference pixel units P1', P2', P3', P4', and each of the reference pixel units includes three sub-pixels arranged side by side, that is, R sub-pixels.
  • the G sub-pixels and the B sub-pixels, the sub-pixels in the reference pixel units P1', P2' are arranged on one line, and the sub-pixels of the reference pixel units P3', P4' are arranged on another line.
  • the reference pixel unit P1' is controlled by the gate line G1' and the data lines S1', S2', S3'
  • the reference pixel unit P2' is controlled by the gate line G1' and the data lines S4', S5', S6'
  • the cell P3' is controlled by the gate line G2' and the data lines S1', S2', S3'
  • the reference pixel unit P4' is controlled by the gate line G2' and the data lines S4', S5', S6'. It can be seen that the four reference pixel units P1', P2', P3', P4' have a rectangular configuration.
  • the target pixel unit group includes three target pixel units P1, P2, and P3, and each of the target pixel units includes three sub-pixels arranged side by side, that is, R sub-pixels, G sub-pixels, and B. Subpixel.
  • the target pixel unit P1 is controlled by the gate lines G1, G2 and the data lines S1, S2,
  • the target pixel unit P2 is controlled by the gate lines G1, G2 and the data lines S2, S3, and the target pixel unit P3 is subjected to the gate line G3 and the data line S1, S2, S3 control. It can be seen that the target pixel units P1 and P2 have a triangular configuration, and the target pixel unit P3 has a rectangular configuration.
  • the target pixel unit P1 bears the color component of the reference pixel unit P1'
  • the target pixel unit P2 bears the color component of the reference pixel unit P2'
  • the target pixel unit P3 bears the colors of the reference pixel units P3' and P4'.
  • Component the color component of at least one of the target pixel units P3 is the maximum value or the average value of the color components of the sub-pixels of the two corresponding colors in the reference pixel units P3' and P4'.
  • FIG. 11 (a) is a schematic diagram of four theoretical pixel unit groups in a Real RGB pixel structure, and (b) is a schematic diagram of four target pixel unit groups in the pixel structure of the present embodiment.
  • the red sub-pixel in the reference pixel unit P1 ′ of the first row and the first column is denoted as R11
  • the green sub-pixel is denoted as G11
  • the blue sub-pixel is denoted as B11
  • the red sub-pixel in the reference pixel unit P2' of the first row and the second column is denoted as R12
  • the green sub-pixel is denoted as G12
  • the blue sub-pixel is denoted as B12
  • the reference pixel unit of the second row and the first column
  • the red sub-pixel in P3' is denoted as R21
  • the green sub-pixel is denoted as G21
  • the blue sub-pixel is denoted as B21
  • the red sub-pixel in the reference pixel unit P4' of the second row and the second column is denoted as R22
  • green sub-pixel The pixel is labeled G22, the blue subpixel is labeled B22, and so on.
  • the target pixel unit P1 is equivalent to the reference pixel unit P1', the red sub-pixel in the target pixel unit P1 bears the color component of the red sub-pixel R11 in the reference pixel unit P1', and the green sub-pixel in the target pixel unit P1 bears the reference.
  • the color component of the green sub-pixel G11 in the pixel unit P1', and the blue sub-pixel in the target pixel unit P1 bears the color component of the blue sub-pixel B11 in the reference pixel unit P1'.
  • the target pixel unit P2 is equivalent to the reference pixel unit P2', the red sub-pixel of the target pixel unit P2 bears the color component of the red sub-pixel R12 in the reference pixel unit P2', and the green sub-pixel of the target pixel unit P2 bears the reference pixel unit.
  • the color component of the green sub-pixel G12 in P2', and the blue sub-pixel in the target pixel unit P2 bears the color component of the blue sub-pixel B12 in the reference pixel unit P2'.
  • the target pixel unit P3 is equivalent to the reference pixel units P3' and P4'.
  • One way is to compare the maximum values of the color components of the two corresponding color sub-pixels in the reference pixel unit P3 ′ and P4 ′, and the color component of the sub-pixel corresponding to the color in the target pixel unit P3 is equivalent to the maximum value, for example
  • the color component of the red sub-pixel in the target pixel unit P3 is equivalent to the maximum of the two red sub-pixels R21, R22 in the reference pixel unit P3' and P4'
  • the color component of the green sub-pixel in the target pixel unit P3 is equivalent to The maximum of the two green sub-pixels G21, G22 in the reference pixel unit P3' and P4'
  • the color component of the blue sub-pixel in the target pixel unit P3 is equivalent to two blue sub-pixels in the reference pixel unit P3
  • Another way is to obtain an average value of the color components of the sub-pixels of the two corresponding colors in the reference pixel unit P3', P4', and the color component of the sub-pixel of the corresponding color in the target pixel unit P3 is equivalent to the average value.
  • the above driving process can be controlled by a driving chip (Drive IC) of the display screen, which compares the magnitudes of the data voltages of the two sub-pixels to determine the size of the color components of the two sub-pixels, thereby controlling the sub-pixels in the target pixel unit to be the theoretical pixel unit group.
  • the maximum value among the color components of the two sub-pixels of the corresponding color is displayed.
  • the average value of the color components of the two sub-pixels can also be calculated by the driving chip, thereby controlling the sub-pixels in the target pixel unit to be displayed as the average value of the color components of the two sub-pixels of the corresponding color in the theoretical pixel unit group.
  • the two target pixel unit groups adjacent in the column direction have the same configuration, and the configurations of the two target pixel unit groups adjacent in the row direction are reversed by 180 degrees, that is, Two triangularly constructed pixel units (such as P1 and P2) of a target pixel unit group are above, rectangularly constructed pixel units (such as P3) are below, and two triangles in a row of adjacent target pixel unit groups in the row direction
  • the pixel unit of the structure is below, and the pixel unit of the rectangular structure is above.
  • sub-pixels of the target pixel unit equivalent to two reference pixel units are required to be distributed on different rows.
  • the present invention may also make some changes to the construction of the pixel unit.
  • Another driving method in this embodiment will be described in detail below with reference to FIG. 12 and FIG.
  • the sub-pixels of the middle row and the middle column need to bear the color components of the corresponding color sub-pixels of the two reference pixel units, and output the color components of the corresponding color sub-pixels of the two reference pixel units.
  • the maximum or average value As shown in FIG. 13, in the target pixel unit group, the sub-pixels of the middle row and the middle column need to bear the color components of the corresponding color sub-pixels of the two reference pixel units, and output the color components of the corresponding color sub-pixels of the two reference pixel units.
  • the maximum or average value is the maximum or average value.
  • the color component of the green sub-pixel in the target pixel unit P1 is equivalent to the color component of the green sub-pixel G11 in the reference pixel unit P1'
  • the color component of the red sub-pixel in the target pixel unit P1 is equivalent to the reference pixel unit P1'.
  • the maximum or average value of the color components of the two red sub-pixels R11 and R12 in P2', and the color component of the blue sub-pixel in the target pixel unit P1 is equivalent to two blues in the reference pixel unit P1', P3'
  • the color component of the red sub-pixel in the target pixel unit P2 is equivalent to the color component of the red sub-pixel R21 in the reference pixel unit P3'
  • the color component of the green sub-pixel in the target pixel unit P2 is equivalent to the reference pixel unit P3', P4'.
  • the maximum value or average value of the color components of the green sub-pixels G21 and G22, and the color component of the blue sub-pixel in the target pixel unit P2 is equivalent to two blue sub-pixels B21 and B22 of the reference pixel unit P3', P4'
  • the maximum or average of the color components is equivalent to two blue sub-pixels B21 and B22 of the reference pixel unit P3', P4'
  • the color component of the red sub-pixel in the target pixel unit P3 is equivalent to the color component of the red sub-pixel R22 in the reference pixel unit P4', and the color component of the green sub-pixel in the target pixel unit P3 is equivalent to the green sub-pixel in the reference pixel unit P2'.
  • the color component of the pixel G12, the color component of the blue sub-pixel in the target pixel unit P3 is equivalent to the maximum value or the average value of the color components of the two blue sub-pixels B11, B22 in the reference pixel unit P1', P4'.
  • the color component of the green sub-pixel is equivalent to the color component of the green sub-pixel G11 in the reference pixel unit P1', and the color component of the red sub-pixel is equivalent to the red sub-pixel in the reference pixel unit P1'.
  • the color component of R11, the color component of the blue sub-pixel is equivalent to the color component of the reference pixel unit P1' blue sub-pixel B11.
  • the color component of the red sub-pixel is equivalent to the color component of the red sub-pixel R12 in the reference pixel unit P2'
  • the color component of the green sub-pixel is equivalent to the color of the green sub-pixel G12 in the reference pixel unit P2'.
  • the component, the color component of the blue sub-pixel is equivalent to the color component of the blue sub-pixel B12 in the reference pixel unit P2'.
  • the color component of the red sub-pixel is equivalent to the color component of one red sub-pixel (such as R22) in the reference pixel unit P4'
  • the color component of the green sub-pixel is equivalent to a green in the reference pixel unit P3'
  • the color component of the sub-pixel (such as G21) and the color component of the blue sub-pixel are equivalent to the maximum value or average value of the color components of the two blue sub-pixels B21, B22 in the reference pixel unit P3', P4'.
  • the present invention proposes a matched pixel driving method based on the above pixel structure, which compresses a conventional Real RGB pixel structure, and the four pixel units in the theoretical pixel unit group are equivalent to the target pixel unit group.
  • Three pixel units compression rate: 75%), such that the color component of at least one sub-pixel in the target pixel unit group is equivalent to the maximum value or average value of the color components of the two sub-pixels in the theoretical pixel unit group, thereby At least one sub-pixel in the target pixel unit group is caused to function as two sub-pixels in the theoretical pixel unit group.
  • the pixel driving method is particularly suitable for a high PPI pixel structure (PPI is 300 or more), and experiments have shown that the higher the display PPI is, the better the effect of the pixel structure and its driving method is.

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Abstract

本发明提供了一种像素结构驱动方法，将像素结构划分为若干目标像素单元组，每一目标像素单元组等效为一个理论像素单元组，根据理论像素单元组中每一子像素的颜色分量确定目标像素单元组中每一子像素的颜色分量。本发明将传统的像素结构进行压缩，使目标像素单元组中至少一个子像素的颜色分量等效为理论像素单元组中两个子像素的颜色分量中的最大值或平均值，从而使目标像素单元组中至少一个子像素承担理论像素单元组中两个子像素的功能。

Description

像素结构驱动方法 技术领域
本发明涉及显示技术领域，特别涉及一种像素结构驱动方法。
背景技术
OLED(Organic Light-Emitting Diode，有机发光二极管)是主动发光器件。与传统的LCD(Liquid Crystal Display，液晶显示)显示方式相比，OLED显示技术无需背光灯，具有自发光的特性。OLED采用较薄的有机材料膜层和玻璃基板，当有电流通过时，有机材料就会发光。因此OLED显示屏能够显著节省电能，可以做得更轻更薄，比LCD显示屏耐受更宽范围的温度变化，而且可视角度更大。OLED显示屏有望成为继LCD之后的下一代平板显示技术，是目前平板显示技术中受到关注最多的技术之一。
OLED屏体的彩色化方法有许多种，现在较为成熟并已经成功量产的OLED彩色化技术主要是OLED蒸镀技术，其采用传统的RGB Stripe(RGB条状)排列方式进行蒸镀。其中画面效果最好的是side-by-side(并置)的方式。side-by-side方式是在一个像素(Pixel)范围内有红、绿、蓝(R、G、B)三个子像素(sub-pixel)，每个子像素均呈长方形，且各自具有独立的有机发光元器件，它是利用蒸镀成膜技术透过高精细金属掩膜版(Fine Metal Mask，FMM)在array(阵列)基板上相应的像素位置形成有机发光元器件，所述高精细金属掩膜版通常简称为蒸镀掩膜版。制作高PPI(Pixel Per Inch，每英寸所拥有的像素数目)的OLED显示屏的技术重点在于精细及机械稳定性好的FMM以及像素的排布方式。
图1为现有技术中一种OLED显示屏的像素排布示意图。业界通常将该种像素结构称为Real RGB。如图1所示，该OLED显示屏采用像素并置的方式，每个像素单元Pixel包括R子像素区域101、G子像素区域103以及B子像素区域105，其中，R子像素区域101包括R发光区102以及R非发光区，G子像素区域103包括G发光区104以及G非发光区，B子像素区域105包括B发光区106以及B非发光区。图1中所示R、G、B子像素均为长方形且发光区面积相等，并且R、G、B子像素呈直线排列。在每个子像素区域的发光区 中，包括阴极、阳极和电致发光层(亦称为有机发射层)，其中，电致发光层位于阴极和阳极之间，用于产生预定颜色光线以实现显示。在制备显示屏时，通常需要利用三次蒸镀工艺以分别在对应颜色像素区域的发光区中形成对应颜色的电致发光层。
图1所示的OLED显示屏的像素结构通常采用图2所示的FMM进行蒸镀，该种FMM包括遮挡区107以及若干个蒸镀开口108，同一列相邻的两个蒸镀开口108之间的遮挡区称之为连接桥(bridge)。由于图1的排布方式中相同颜色的子像素是上下对位设置的，因此FMM的蒸镀开口108也必须对位设置，这使得纵向相邻的两个蒸镀开口108之间的连接桥(bridge)具有断线的风险。并且，FMM的蒸镀开口108需要对应于预定的像素位置，按照现有的这一种像素排布方式，FMM和子像素区的对位空间会缩小，有可能产生缺色或混色的缺陷。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种像素结构驱动方法，以解决现有技术中存在的问题。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明提供一种像素结构驱动方法，所述像素结构包括多个像素行，每个像素行包括依次重复排列的第一子像素、第二子像素和第三子像素，相邻的两个奇数行中相同颜色的子像素的发光区之间相互正对，相邻的两个偶数行中相同颜色的子像素的发光区之间相互正对，相邻的奇数行和偶数行中相同颜色的子像素的发光区相互错开；
所述像素结构驱动方法包括：将待显示的图像划分为若干理论像素单元组，每个理论像素单元组包括四个基准像素单元，每个基准像素单元包括三个并置排列的子像素，确定理论像素单元组中每一子像素的颜色分量；将所述像素结构划分为若干目标像素单元组，每一目标像素单元组等效为一个理论像素单元组，每个目标像素单元组包括三个目标像素单元，每个目标像素单元包括三个子像素，根据理论像素单元组中每一子像素的颜色分量确定目标像素单元组中每一子像素的颜色分量，其中，目标像素单元组中至少一个子像素的颜色分量为理论像素单元组中对应颜色的两个子像素的颜色分量的最大值或平均值。
可选的，在所述的像素结构驱动方法中，在目标像素单元组中，第一个目 标像素单元和第二个目标像素单元均为三角形构造，第三个目标像素单元为长方形构造。
可选的，在所述的像素结构驱动方法中，三个目标像素单元中各有至少一个子像素的颜色分量为理论像素单元组中对应颜色的两个子像素的颜色分量的最大值或平均值。
可选的，在所述的像素结构驱动方法中，第一个目标像素单元和第二个目标像素单元中各有两个子像素的颜色分量为理论像素单元组中对应颜色的两个子像素的颜色分量的最大值或平均值，第三个目标像素单元中位于中间位置的子像素的颜色分量为理论像素单元组中对应颜色的两个子像素的颜色分量的最大值或平均值。
可选的，在所述的像素结构驱动方法中，第三个目标像素单元中三个子像素的颜色分量均为理论像素单元组中对应颜色的两个子像素的颜色分量的最大值或平均值。
可选的，在所述的像素结构驱动方法中，第三个目标像素单元中位于中间位置的子像素的颜色分量为理论像素单元组中对应颜色的两个子像素的颜色分量的最大值或平均值。
可选的，在所述的像素结构驱动方法中，由显示屏的驱动芯片来确定两个子像素的颜色分量的最大值或平均值。
可选的，在所述的像素结构驱动方法中，所述第一子像素、第二子像素和第三子像素的形状和尺寸相同，所述第一子像素、第二子像素和第三子像素的形状均为长宽比小于1.5:1的矩形。同一行上相邻的第一子像素和第二子像素的公共边界线与相邻行上最相邻的第三子像素沿列方向延伸的中心线重合。所述第一子像素、第二子像素和第三子像素中相邻的两条边通过一条或多条弧线和/或一条或多条直线连接。
可选的，在所述的像素结构驱动方法中，根据Real RGB排布方式将所述像素结构划分为若干目标像素单元组，所述目标像素单元组在行方向上的尺寸相当于理论像素单元组在行方向上的尺寸，并且，所述目标像素单元组在列方向上的尺寸相当于理论像素单元组在列方向上的尺寸。
与现有技术相比，本发明将像素结构划分为若干目标像素单元组，每一目 标像素单元组等效为一个理论像素单元组，根据理论像素单元组中每一子像素的颜色分量确定目标像素单元组中每一子像素的颜色分量。本发明将传统的四个像素单元压缩为三个像素单元，使目标像素单元组中至少一个子像素的颜色分量等效为理论像素单元组中两个子像素的颜色分量中的最大值或平均值，从而使目标像素单元组中至少一个子像素承担理论像素单元组中两个子像素的功能，实现了像素结构的驱动。
附图说明
图1为现有技术中一种像素结构示意图。
图2为对应图1的一种FMM的示意图。
图3为本发明一实施例中一种像素结构示意图。
图4为对应图3的一种FMM的示意图。
图5为本发明一实施例中另一种像素结构示意图。
图6为本发明一实施例中又一种像素结构示意图。
图7为本发明一实施例中再一种像素结构示意图。
图8为本发明一实施例中更一种像素结构示意图。
图9为本发明一实施例中连接有栅极线和数据线的像素结构示意图。
图10为本发明一实施例中一个理论像素单元组的等效示意图。
图11为本发明一实施例中四个理论像素单元组的等效示意图。
图12为本发明一实施例中一种像素结构承担颜色分量的示意图。
图13为图12中像素结构的等效示意图。
图14为本发明一实施例中另一种像素结构承担颜色分量的示意图。
图15为图14中像素结构的等效示意图。
具体实施方式
如背景技术所述，制作高PPI的OLED显示屏的技术重点在于精细及机械稳定性好的FMM以及像素的排布方式。FMM是蒸镀像素中的关键元件，应尽量少地发生翘由、断裂等问题，避免造成蒸镀膜层晕开、偏移等影响蒸镀品质的缺陷。而像素及子像素的排布方式是决定FMM是否容易发生翘曲和断裂的主 要原因。即，像素及子像素的排布方式较大程度上决定FMM的机械性能，FMM的机械性能较大程度上决定蒸镀的品质。如图2所示的FMM是在某一颜色的子像素的位置对应设置蒸镀开口，由于图1的Real RGB排布方式中相同颜色的子像素是上下对位设置的，因此FMM的蒸镀开口108也必须对位设置，掩膜版制作和蒸镀工艺的难度较大。
基于上述研究，本发明提供一种OLED显示屏的像素结构，该像素结构包括多个像素行(亦可称之为列)，每个像素行(列)包括多个子像素，所述多个子像素包括依次重复排列的第一子像素、第二子像素和第三子像素，所述第一子像素、第二子像素和第三子像素的发光区的形状均为长宽比小于1.5：1的方形，相邻的两个奇数行(列)中相同颜色的子像素的发光区之间相互正对布置，相邻的两个偶数行(列)中相同颜色的子像素的发光区之间亦是相互正对布置，并且，相邻的奇数行(列)和偶数行(列)中相同颜色的子像素的发光区相互错开布置。本发明将子像素的长宽比(长边长度与短边长度之比)设置为小于1.5:1(即子像素的形状为正方形或接近正方形)，可以保证开口最大，相应的，为了保证子像素为正方形或接近正方形，将传统的四个像素单元(12个子像素)转化为三个像素单元(9个子像素)。并且，相邻的奇数行和偶数行中相同颜色的子像素的发光区相互错开，蒸镀掩膜版上的蒸镀开口是错开排布的，可提高蒸镀掩膜版的强度，避免蒸镀掩膜版发生翘曲、断裂等问题，减少蒸镀膜层晕开、偏移等影响蒸镀品质的缺陷，降低掩膜版制作和蒸镀工艺的难度。进一步的，第一子像素、第二子像素和第三子像素形状和尺寸均相同，蒸镀掩膜版上的间隔相同，可以进一步提高蒸镀掩膜版的强度。
为此，本发明还提供一种像素结构驱动方法，将待显示的图像划分为若干理论像素单元组，每个理论像素单元组包括四个基准像素单元，每个基准像素单元包括三个并置排列的子像素，确定理论像素单元组中每一子像素的颜色分量；将所述像素结构划分为若干目标像素单元组，每一目标像素单元组等效为一个理论像素单元组，每个目标像素单元组包括三个目标像素单元，每个目标像素单元包括三个子像素，根据理论像素单元组中每一子像素的颜色分量确定目标像素单元组中每一子像素的颜色分量，其中，目标像素单元组中至少一个子像素的颜色分量为理论像素单元组中对应颜色的两个子像素的颜色分量的最 大值或平均值。以此，在将四个像素单元压缩为三个像素单元的基础上，实现了像素结构的驱动。
以下结合附图对本发明作进一步详细说明。根据下面说明和权利要求书，本发明的优点和特征将更清楚。
图3为本发明一实施例中OLED显示屏的像素排布示意图。其中，X方向是指每一像素行的延伸方向，亦称为行方向(横向)；Y方向是指与X方向相垂直的方向，亦称之为列方向(纵向)。当子像素的发光区在行方向上的尺寸小于列方向上的尺寸时，列方向称之为子像素的长度方向，行方向称之为子像素的宽度方向，“子像素的长度”是指子像素的发光区在该列方向上的尺寸，“子像素的宽度”是指子像素的发光区在该行方向上的尺寸。当子像素的发光区在行方向上的尺寸大于列方向上的尺寸时，行方向称之为子像素的长度方向，列方向称之为子像素的宽度方向，“子像素的长度”是指子像素的发光区在该行方向上的尺寸，“子像素的宽度”是指子像素的发光区在该列方向上的尺寸。“子像素的长宽比”则是指子像素的发光区在长度方向上的最大尺寸与宽度方向上的最大尺寸之比。
另外，为简便，附图中只表示出了OLED显示屏的一部分，实际产品中像素数量不限于此，像素单元的数量可依据实际显示需要作相应的变化。本发明中所述第一行、第二行、第一列、第二列……均是为说明本发明而以图中所示为参考标准的，并非指实际产品中的行和列。
如图3所示，OLED显示屏的像素结构300包括多个像素行，该像素结构中的各个子像素呈并置(side-by-side)的排列方式，每个像素行中包括依次重复排列的第一子像素301、第二子像素303和第三子像素305，相邻的两个奇数行中相同颜色的子像素的发光区之间相互正对布置，相邻的两个偶数行中相同颜色的子像素的发光区之间亦是相互正对布置，但奇数行和偶数行中相同颜色的子像素的发光区之间错位布置。换言之，所有奇数行中的子像素的排列方式相同，所述偶数行中的子像素的排列方式也相同，然而奇数行和偶数行相同颜色的子像素的发光区并非上下对应，而是相互错开(移位)排列。
本实施例中，第一子像素301、第二子像素303和第三子像素305的发光区的形状和尺寸均相同，同一行上相邻的第一子像素301、第二子像素303的边界 线与相邻行上最相邻的第三子像素305的发光区沿列方向延伸的中心线重合，以此使得RGB子像素分布均匀，具有较佳的显示效果。详细的，第三子像素305沿列方向延伸的中心线305’(该中心线305’沿列方向延伸且该中心线305’将第三子像素305均分为两份)与第一子像素301和第二子像素303的公共边界线重合。换言之，上述排布方式中，奇数行和偶数行相同颜色的子像素(如第一子像素301)错位1.5个子像素排列，即，相邻两行中位置最接近的相同颜色的两个子像素的发光区中点之间的在行方向上的距离为1.5个子像素在行方向上的尺寸，同一行中位置最接近的相同颜色的两个子像素的中点之间的距离为3个子像素在行方向上的尺寸。可以理解的是，由于同一像素单元内的第一子像素301和第二子像素303共用一条边，该共用的边即为第一子像素301和第二子像素303的公共边界线，但是，此处的“边界”或“边界线”并不限定为实体的“边界”或“边界线”，而可以是指两个子像素之间虚拟的“边界”或“边界线”。需要说明的是，尽管相邻的第一子像素301、第二子像素303的边界线与相邻行上最相邻的第三子像素305沿列方向延伸的中心线重合时，排布效果较佳，不过，实际上相邻奇数行和偶数行相同颜色的子像素错开的尺寸并不严格限制为1.5个子像素，比如在1.4～1.6个子像素范围内仍是允许的。
所述第一子像素301、第二子像素303、第三子像素305的颜色分别为红色、绿色、蓝色其中任一，且第一子像素301、第二子像素303、第三子像素305的颜色各不相同。比如，图3中，第一子像素301为绿色(G)子像素、第二子像素303为蓝色(B)子像素、第三子像素305为红色(R)子像素，如此，奇数行中，多个子像素按照G、B、R、G、B、R……的方式循环排列，偶数行中，多个子像素按照R、G、B、R、G、B、……的方式循环排列。当然，第一子像素301也可以为蓝色子像素或红色子像素，第二子像素303可以为绿色子像素或红色子像素，第三子像素305可以为绿色子像素或蓝色子像素，只要第一子像素301、第二子像素303、第三子像素305的颜色各不相同即可。
所述第一子像素301、第二子像素303、第三子像素305均包括发光区(显示区)和非发光区(非显示区)，每个子像素的发光区中包括阴极、阳极和电致发光层(亦称为有机发射层)，所述电致发光层位于阴极和阳极之间，用于产生预定颜色光线以实现显示。本实施例中，所述第一子像素301包括G发光区302， 第二子像素303包括B发光区304，第三子像素305包括R发光区306，通常需要利用三次蒸镀工艺以分别在对应颜色像素区域的发光区中形成对应颜色(如红色、绿色或蓝色)的电致发光层。
图4为对应图3所示像素结构的一种FMM的示意图。如图4所示，金属掩模板400具有多个蒸镀开口408，蒸镀开口408对应于图3中同一种颜色(例如绿色)的子像素。由于奇数行和偶数行相同颜色的像素并非上下对应，而是相互错开(移位)排列，因而，用以形成子像素的蒸镀掩膜版(FMM)上的蒸镀开口也是错开排布的。从图4可以看出，由于错开布置，相邻的两行中距离最近的两个蒸镀开口408之间的距离得到了增加，可增加FMM的强度，尽可能避免FMM发生翘曲、断裂等问题，减少蒸镀膜层晕开、偏移等影响蒸镀品质的缺陷。
继续参考图3所示，本实施例中，第一子像素301、第二子像素303和第三子像素305的发光区均为四边形，且每个子像素的发光区的长宽比(长边长度与短边长度之比)小于1.5:1，即，当L2为长边时L2：L1＜1.5:1，或当L1为长边时L1：L2＜1.5:1。将子像素的长宽比设置为小于1.5:1，可以保证开口最大，相应的，为了保证子像素为正方形或接近正方形，将传统的Real RGB排布方式中四个像素单元转化为本实施例的三个像素单元，即，图3所示的3*3的像素阵列中，行方向的尺寸相当于Real RGB排布方式中2个像素单元(2pixels)的尺寸，列方向的尺寸亦相当于Real RGB排布方式中2个像素单元的尺寸，换言之，本实施例中9个子像素相当于现有技术中12个子像素。较佳的，所述第一子像素301、第二子像素303和第三子像素305的发光区均为正方形，即，每个子像素的发光区的长宽比(L2：L1)均为1:1，相应的，图4中的蒸镀开口408也为正方形。发明人研究发现，子像素的发光区的长宽比越接近于1:1，FMM的蒸镀开口的长宽比越接近于1:1，那么，FMM越不容易发生翘曲和断裂，FMM的强度越高。
不过，应当理解，第一子像素301、第二子像素303和第三子像素305的发光区的形状并不局限于正方形，还可以是长宽比小于1.5:1的长方形，如图5所示，第一子像素301、第二子像素303和第三子像素305的L2大于L1，其中，长方形子像素的长宽比(L2：L1)可以是1.1:1、1.2:1、1.3:1、1.4:1等，只要小于1.5:1均可取得较佳的效果。
另外，可以理解的是，实际生产中，各种产品的实际形状(和尺寸)与设计形状(和尺寸)之间允许存在一定偏差。一般，只要产品的实际形状(和尺寸)在设计形状(和尺寸)允许的偏差范围内，便可以达到使用要求。比如，第一子像素301、第二子像素303和第三子像素305的发光区的形状也可以是类正方形或者类长方形，比如说近似长方形或者近似正方形的梯形，比如，可以是等腰梯形或者非等腰梯形，可以是正梯形、倒梯形、向左旋转90度的梯形或向右旋转90度的梯形。在优选方案中，该梯形为等腰梯形，该等腰梯形的上底边与下底边的尺寸差值小于下底边长度的10％，并且，该等腰梯形的腰与上底边的夹角大于90度且小于100度，以及，该等腰梯形的腰与下底边的夹角大于80度且小于90度，这样，第一子像素301、第二子像素303和第三子像素305的发光区的形状还是大致为方形(在允许的偏差范围内)，仍可获得较佳的排布效果。可以理解的是，当第一子像素301、第二子像素303和第三子像素305的发光区的形状是正梯形或倒梯形时，上底边长与下底边长的均值以及梯形的高中的最大值视作梯形长度方向的尺寸，上底边长与下底边长的均值以及梯形的高中的最小值则视作梯形的宽度方向的尺寸，并且，梯形的长度方向的尺寸与梯形的宽度方向的尺寸的比值小于1.5。
另一方面，如前所述，应认识到，尽管第一子像素301、第二子像素303和第三子像素305的发光区的形状为正方形时效果最佳，但在实际生产中，未必能够获得边角非常理想的正方形，有一些适当的变形在允许的范围内。比如，相邻的两条边3021、3022可以不是如图3所示为直接连接且相互垂直，也可以是弧形连接(相邻的两条边3021、3022通过弧形线段3023连接)，即，正方形的边角圆弧化，如图6所示。再比如，相邻的两条边3021、3022也可以是通过一条直线段3024连接，使得该四边形拓展为八边形，如图7所示，不过整体上仍然是长宽比小于1.5：1的方形。当然，相邻的两条边3021、3022也可以是通过两条直线段连接，使得该四边形拓展为十二边形。总之，只要第一子像素301、第二子像素303和第三子像素305的发光区的形状整体上呈方形，且该方形的长宽比小于1.5，均可实现本发明的目的。
此外，根据实际设计和生产需要，可以将图3所示像素结构向左或向右旋转90度，当然，也可以是旋转180度。比如，将图3向左旋转90度，则得到 如图8所示的像素结构。如图8所示，该像素结构包括多个像素列，每个像素列中包括依次重复排列的第一子像素301、第二子像素303和第三子像素305，相邻的两个奇数列中相同颜色的子像素的发光区之间相互正对布置，相邻的两个偶数列中相同颜色的子像素的发光区之间亦是相互正对布置，但奇数列和偶数列中相同颜色的子像素的发光区之间错位布置。换言之，所有奇数列中的子像素的排列方式相同，所有偶数列中的子像素的排列方式也相同，然而奇数列和偶数列相同颜色的子像素的发光区并非相互对齐，而是相互错开(移位)排列。与图3相比，图8中的行和列方向进行了互换，不过，每个子像素的发光区的长宽比仍是小于1.5:1，优选是长宽比为1:1，FMM的蒸镀开口的长宽比越接近于1:1，那么，FMM越不容易发生翘曲和断裂，FMM的强度越高。
根据本实施例的另一方面，还提供一种OLED显示屏，可以采用上述任一种像素结构。以采用图3所示的像素结构300为例，该像素结构300中每个像素行连接一条栅极线，每个像素列连接一条数据线。如图9所示，多个像素行分别连接栅极线G1、G2、G3、……，多个像素列分别连接栅极线S1、S2、S3、……。进一步的，由于该像素结构300中奇数行和偶数行相同颜色的子像素的发光区相互错开排列，因而数据线可呈弯折状。
继续参考图9所示，该OLED显示屏的像素结构包括若干目标像素单元组P0，每一目标像素单元组P0等效于Real RGB像素结构中的一个理论像素单元组。即，一个目标像素单元组在行方向上的尺寸相当于一个理论像素单元组在行方向上的尺寸，并且，一个目标像素单元组在列方向上的尺寸相当于一个理论像素单元组在列方向上的尺寸。每个目标像素单元组P0包括三个目标像素单元P1、P2、P3，每个目标像素单元包括3个子像素。三个目标像素单元中，第一个像素单元P1和第二个像素单元P2并置排列在一条直线上，第三个像素单元P3排列在另一条直线上。第一个像素单元P1和第二个像素单元P2中的子像素呈三角形分布，第三个像素单元P3中的子像素呈直线分布，即，像素单元P1、P2为三角形构造，像素单元P3为长方形构造。
在此，每个目标像素单元组P0中包括9个子像素，故而每个目标像素单元组P0连接3条栅极线和3条数据线。而在传统的Real RGB中，结合图10所示，每个理论像素单元组包括4个基准像素单元，每个基准像素单元包括3个子像 素，即，每个理论像素单元组中包括12个子像素，连接2条栅极线和6条数据线。相比之下，本实施例的像素结构尽管连接的栅极线的数量较Real RGB的栅极线数量多(为Real RGB像素结构的栅极线数量的1.5倍)，但其连接的数据线数量较Real RGB的数据线数量少(为Real RGB像素结构的数据线数量的50％)，显示屏整体连接的信号线数量变少。
本实施例针对上述像素结构，还提供一种驱动方法，包括如下步骤：
将一待显示的图像划分为若干理论像素单元组，每个理论像素单元组包括四个阵列分布的基准像素单元，每个基准像素单元包括三个并置排列的子像素，并确定理论像素单元组中每一子像素的颜色分量；以及
将像素结构划分为若干目标像素单元组，每一目标像素单元组等效为一个理论像素单元组，每个目标像素单元组包括三个阵列分布的目标像素单元，每个目标像素单元包括三个子像素，并根据该理论像素单元组中理论子像素的颜色分量确定目标像素单元组中每一子像素实际承担的颜色分量；其中，目标像素单元组中至少一个子像素的颜色分量为理论像素单元组中对应颜色的两个子像素的颜色分量的最大值或平均值。
下面结合图10和图11对本实施例中一种驱动方法进行详细介绍。
显示一图像时，先根据Real RGB像素结构将待显示的图像划分为若干理论像素单元组，再将所述像素结构划分为若干目标像素单元组，每一目标像素单元组等效为一个理论像素单元组。
图10为本发明一实施例中一个理论像素单元组的等效示意图。其中，(a)是Real RGB像素结构中一个理论像素单元组的示意图，(b)是本实施例的像素结构中一个目标像素单元组的示意图。
如图10(a)所示，理论像素单元组包括四个基准像素单元P1’、P2’、P3’、P4’，每个基准像素单元包括三个并置排列的子像素，即R子像素、G子像素、B子像素，基准像素单元P1’、P2’中的子像素排列在一行上，基准像素单元P3’、P4’的子像素排列在另一行上。基准像素单元P1’受栅极线G1’和数据线S1’、S2’、S3’控制，基准像素单元P2’受栅极线G1’和数据线S4’、S5’、S6’控制，基准像素单元P3’受栅极线G2’和数据线S1’、S2’、S3’控制，基准像素单元P4’受栅极线G2’和数据线S4’、S5’、S6’控制。可以看出，四个基准像素单元P1’、 P2’、P3’、P4’均为长方形构造。
如图10(b)所示，目标像素单元组包括三个目标像素单元P1、P2、P3，每个目标像素单元包括三个并置排列的子像素，即R子像素、G子像素、B子像素。目标像素单元P1受栅极线G1、G2和数据线S1、S2控制，目标像素单元P2受栅极线G1、G2和数据线S2、S3控制，目标像素单元P3受栅极线G3和数据线S1、S2、S3控制。可以看出，目标像素单元P1、P2均为三角形构造，目标像素单元P3为长方形构造。
确定所述理论像素单元组中每一子像素的颜色分量后，将其映射到目标理论像素单元中。具体的，图10中，目标像素单元P1承担基准像素单元P1’的颜色分量，目标像素单元P2承担基准像素单元P2’的颜色分量，目标像素单元P3承担基准像素单元P3’和P4’的颜色分量。详细的，目标像素单元P3中的至少一个子像素的颜色分量为基准像素单元P3’和P4’中两个对应颜色的子像素的颜色分量的最大值或平均值。
图11中，(a)是Real RGB像素结构中四个理论像素单元组的示意图，(b)是本实施例的像素结构中四个目标像素单元组的示意图。
如图11(a)所示，理论像素单元组中，将第一行第一列的基准像素单元P1’中的红色子像素记为R11，绿色子像素记为G11，蓝色子像素记为B11；将第一行第二列的基准像素单元P2’中的红色子像素记为R12，绿色子像素记为G12，蓝色子像素记为B12；将第二行第一列的基准像素单元P3’中的红色子像素记为R21，绿色子像素记为G21，蓝色子像素记为B21；将第二行第二列的基准像素单元P4’中的红色子像素记为R22，绿色子像素记为G22，蓝色子像素记为B22，以此类推。
实际显示时，目标像素单元P1等效为基准像素单元P1’，目标像素单元P1中红色子像素承担基准像素单元P1’中红色子像素R11的颜色分量，目标像素单元P1中绿色子像素承担基准像素单元P1’中绿色子像素G11的颜色分量，目标像素单元P1中蓝色子像素承担基准像素单元P1’中的蓝色子像素B11的颜色分量。同时，目标像素单元P2等效为基准像素单元P2’，目标像素单元P2中红色子像素承担基准像素单元P2’中红色子像素R12的颜色分量，目标像素单元P2中绿色子像素承担基准像素单元P2’中绿色子像素G12的颜色分量，目标像素单 元P2中蓝色子像素承担基准像素单元P2’中的蓝色子像素B12的颜色分量。
由于目标像素单元组中三个像素单元需承担基准像素单元组中四个像素单元的颜色分量，故而，目标像素单元P3等效为基准像素单元P3’和P4’。一种方式是比较出基准像素单元P3’和P4’中两个对应颜色的子像素的颜色分量的最大值，目标像素单元P3中对应颜色的子像素的颜色分量等效为该最大值，比如，目标像素单元P3中红色子像素的颜色分量等效为基准像素单元P3’和P4’中两个红色子像素R21、R22中最大值，目标像素单元P3中绿色子像素的颜色分量等效为基准像素单元P3’和P4’中两个绿色子像素G21、G22中最大值，目标像素单元P3中蓝色子像素的颜色分量等效为基准像素单元P3’和P4’中两个蓝色子像素B21、B22中最大值。另一种方式是获取基准像素单元P3’、P4’中两个对应颜色的子像素的颜色分量的平均值，目标像素单元P3中对应颜色的子像素的颜色分量等效为该平均值。
上述驱动过程可由显示屏的驱动芯片(Drive IC)控制，由其比较两个子像素的数据电压的大小以判断两个子像素的颜色分量的大小，从而控制目标像素单元中子像素以理论像素单元组中对应颜色的两个子像素的颜色分量中的最大值显示。同理，也可以由该驱动芯片计算两个子像素的颜色分量的平均值，从而控制目标像素单元中子像素以理论像素单元组中对应颜色的两个子像素的颜色分量的平均值显示。
进一步的，如图11(b)所示，列方向上相邻的两个目标像素单元组的构造相同，而行方向上相邻的两个目标像素单元组的构造翻转180度后相同，即，一个目标像素单元组的两个三角形构造的像素单元(如P1和P2)在上方、长方形构造的像素单元(如P3)在下方，而其行方向上相邻的目标像素单元组中的两个三角形构造的像素单元在下方、长方形构造的像素单元则在上方。如此一来，相邻的目标像素单元组中，需要等效为两个基准像素单元的目标像素单元的子像素分布在不同行上。
本发明对于像素单元的构造还可做一些变化。下面结合图12和图13对本实施例中另一种驱动方法进行详细介绍。
如图13所示，目标像素单元组中，中间一行和中间一列的子像素需要承担两个基准像素单元中对应颜色子像素的颜色分量，输出两个基准像素单元中对 应颜色子像素的颜色分量的最大值或平均值。
具体的，目标像素单元P1中绿色子像素的颜色分量等效为基准像素单元P1’中绿色子像素G11的颜色分量，目标像素单元P1中红色子像素的颜色分量等效为基准像素单元P1’、P2’中两个红色子像素R11、R12的颜色分量的最大值或平均值，目标像素单元P1中蓝色子像素的颜色分量等效为基准像素单元P1’、P3’中两个蓝色子像素B11、B21的颜色分量的最大值或平均值。目标像素单元P2中红色子像素的颜色分量等效为基准像素单元P3’中红色子像素R21的颜色分量，目标像素单元P2中绿色子像素的颜色分量等效为基准像素单元P3’、P4’中绿色子像素G21、G22的颜色分量的最大值或平均值，目标像素单元P2中蓝色子像素的颜色分量等效为基准像素单元P3’、P4’中两个蓝色子像素B21、B22的颜色分量的最大值或平均值。目标像素单元P3中红色子像素的颜色分量等效为基准像素单元P4’中红色子像素R22的颜色分量，目标像素单元P3中绿色子像素的颜色分量等效为基准像素单元P2’中绿色子像素G12的颜色分量，目标像素单元P3中蓝色子像素的颜色分量等效为基准像素单元P1’、P4’中两个蓝色子像素B11、B22的颜色分量的最大值或平均值。如此一来，每个目标像素单元组中，目标像素单元中需要承担两个基准像素单元子像素的颜色分量的子像素整体呈十字状分布。
下面结合图14和图15对本实施例中又一种驱动方法进行详细介绍。
图14和图15中，目标像素单元组中，仅有为长方形构造的像素单元中的一个子像素需要承担两个基准像素单元中对应颜色子像素的颜色分量，该子像素的颜色分量为两个基准像素单元中对应颜色子像素的颜色分量的最大值或平均值。
具体的，目标像素单元P1中，绿色子像素的颜色分量等效为基准像素单元P1’中绿色子像素G11的颜色分量，红色子像素的颜色分量等效为基准像素单元P1’中红色子像素R11的颜色分量，蓝色子像素的颜色分量等效为基准像素单元P1’蓝色子像素B11的颜色分量。目标像素单元P2中，红色子像素的颜色分量等效为基准像素单元P2’中红色子像素R12的颜色分量，绿色子像素的颜色分量等效为基准像素单元P2’中绿色子像素G12的颜色分量，蓝色子像素的颜色分量等效为基准像素单元P2’中蓝色子像素B12的颜色分量。
目标像素单元P3中，红色子像素的颜色分量等效为基准像素单元P4’中一个红色子像素(如R22)的颜色分量，绿色子像素的颜色分量等效为基准像素单元P3’中一个绿色子像素(如G21)的颜色分量，蓝色子像素的颜色分量则等效为基准像素单元P3’、P4’中两个蓝色子像素B21、B22的颜色分量的最大值或平均值。
综上，本发明基于上述像素结构，提出了一种与之匹配的像素驱动方法，将传统的Real RGB像素结构进行压缩，由理论像素单元组中的4个像素单元等效为目标像素单元组中的三个像素单元(压缩率为75％)，使目标像素单元组中至少一个子像素的颜色分量等效为理论像素单元组中两个子像素的颜色分量中的最大值或平均值，从而使目标像素单元组中至少一个子像素承担理论像素单元组中两个子像素的功能。该像素驱动方法尤其适用于高PPI像素结构(PPI为300以上)，实验表明，显示屏PPI越高的情况下该像素结构及其驱动方法的效果越好。
需要说明的是，本说明书中各个实施例采用递进的方式描述，每个实施例重点说明的都是与其他实施例的不同之处，各个实施例之间相同相似部分互相参见即可。
以上实施例对本发明进行了详细说明，但应理解，上述描述仅是对本发明较佳实施例的描述，并非对本发明范围的任何限定，本发明领域的普通技术人员根据上述揭示内容做的任何变更、修饰，均属于权利要求书的保护范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种像素结构驱动方法，其特征在于，所述像素结构包括多个像素行，每个像素行包括依次重复排列的第一子像素、第二子像素和第三子像素，相邻的两个奇数行中相同颜色的子像素的发光区之间相互正对，相邻的两个偶数行中相同颜色的子像素的发光区之间相互正对，相邻的奇数行和偶数行中相同颜色的子像素的发光区相互错开；
    所述像素结构驱动方法包括：
    将待显示的图像划分为若干理论像素单元组，每个理论像素单元组包括四个基准像素单元，每个基准像素单元包括三个并置排列的子像素，确定理论像素单元组中每一子像素的颜色分量；以及
    将所述像素结构划分为若干目标像素单元组，每一目标像素单元组等效为一个理论像素单元组，每个目标像素单元组包括三个目标像素单元，每个目标像素单元包括三个子像素，根据理论像素单元组中每一子像素的颜色分量确定目标像素单元组中每一子像素的颜色分量，其中，目标像素单元组中至少一个子像素的颜色分量为理论像素单元组中对应颜色的两个子像素的颜色分量的最大值或平均值。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述目标像素单元组中，第一个目标像素单元和第二个目标像素单元均为三角形构造，第三个目标像素单元为长方形构造。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，三个目标像素单元中各有至少一个子像素的颜色分量为理论像素单元组中对应颜色的两个子像素的颜色分量的最大值或平均值。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的方法，其特征在于，第一个目标像素单元和第二个目标像素单元中各有两个子像素的颜色分量为理论像素单元组中对应颜色的两 个子像素的颜色分量的最大值或平均值，第三个目标像素单元中位于中间位置的子像素的颜色分量为理论像素单元组中对应颜色的两个子像素的颜色分量的最大值或平均值。
  5. 如权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，第三个目标像素单元中三个子像素的颜色分量均为理论像素单元组中对应颜色的两个子像素的颜色分量的最大值或平均值，或者，第三个目标像素单元中位于中间位置的子像素的颜色分量为理论像素单元组中对应颜色的两个子像素的颜色分量的最大值或平均值。
  6. 如权利要求1至5中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，由OLED显示屏的驱动芯片来确定两个子像素的颜色分量的最大值或平均值。
  7. 如权利要求1至5中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一子像素、第二子像素和第三子像素的形状和尺寸相同，所述第一子像素、第二子像素和第三子像素的形状均为长宽比小于1.5:1的矩形。
  8. 如权利要求1至5中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，同一行上相邻的第一子像素和第二子像素的公共边界线与相邻行上最相邻的第三子像素沿列方向延伸的中心线重合。
  9. 如权利要求1至5中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一子像素、第二子像素和第三子像素中相邻的两条边通过一条或多条弧线和/或一条或多条直线连接。
  10. 如权利要求1至5中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，根据Real RGB排布方式将所述像素结构划分为若干目标像素单元组，所述目标像素单元组在行方向上的尺寸相当于所述理论像素单元组在行方向上的尺寸，并且，所述目标像素单元组在列方向上的尺寸相当于所述理论像素单元组在列方向上的尺寸。
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