WO2018192577A1 - 用于锁具的开关机构以及锁具和车辆 - Google Patents

用于锁具的开关机构以及锁具和车辆 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018192577A1
WO2018192577A1 PCT/CN2018/083970 CN2018083970W WO2018192577A1 WO 2018192577 A1 WO2018192577 A1 WO 2018192577A1 CN 2018083970 W CN2018083970 W CN 2018083970W WO 2018192577 A1 WO2018192577 A1 WO 2018192577A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
lock
cam
locking
positioning sensor
tongue
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PCT/CN2018/083970
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
杨众杰
靳洪都
王阳
Original Assignee
北京摩拜科技有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN201720425646.3U external-priority patent/CN206753265U/zh
Priority claimed from CN201710266961.0A external-priority patent/CN106968531B/zh
Application filed by 北京摩拜科技有限公司 filed Critical 北京摩拜科技有限公司
Publication of WO2018192577A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018192577A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62H—CYCLE STANDS; SUPPORTS OR HOLDERS FOR PARKING OR STORING CYCLES; APPLIANCES PREVENTING OR INDICATING UNAUTHORIZED USE OR THEFT OF CYCLES; LOCKS INTEGRAL WITH CYCLES; DEVICES FOR LEARNING TO RIDE CYCLES
    • B62H5/00—Appliances preventing or indicating unauthorised use or theft of cycles; Locks integral with cycles
    • B62H5/14—Appliances preventing or indicating unauthorised use or theft of cycles; Locks integral with cycles preventing wheel rotation
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B47/00—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means
    • E05B47/06—Controlling mechanically-operated bolts by electro-magnetically-operated detents
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B71/00—Locks specially adapted for bicycles, other than padlocks

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of locks, and in particular to a switch mechanism for a lock and a lock and a vehicle.
  • the current state of the art is that public rental vehicles are equipped with locks that are not free to use under normal parking conditions.
  • the user can use the vehicle by opening the lock of the vehicle through a specific procedure and/or a payment procedure according to the terms of the lessor.
  • the lock of the vehicle begins to adopt an electronic smart lock, and the automatic unlocking can be realized by the software cooperation of the user end.
  • This design does solve the above problems, but it also brings new technical problems.
  • the unlocking action of the smart lock is low in reliability, and it often occurs that the lock cannot be automatically unlocked or the lock cannot be closed.
  • this technical problem may be caused by communication obstacles, and on the other hand, it may be caused by the failure of the automatic unlocking mechanism in the lock.
  • the switch lock action of the smart lock may not be performed normally.
  • a switch mechanism for a lock including a lock tongue, a cam, and a positioning sensor, is provided.
  • the lock tongue has a shifting portion
  • the cam has a protrusion and a dial extending from the cam, the cam being configured to enable the dial to push the dial by rotation to move the bolt to the unlock position;
  • the dial portion After the cam rotates to the vent angle region, the dial portion is disengaged from the dial portion, the protrusion triggers the positioning sensor, and the positioning sensor is configured to detect whether the bolt has completed an unlocking action .
  • the cam when the bolt is moved to the locked position, the cam is configured to be rotatable to a locking angle, the toggle being configured to be in a position to limit the bolt to the locked position.
  • the protrusion continuously triggers the positioning sensor when the cam rotates within a range of a clearance angle region, and the protrusion cancels the positioning sensor when the cam rotates to a locking angle
  • the triggering of the positioning sensor is configured to detect whether the cam has rotated to a locking angle.
  • the lock tongue has a lock triggering portion
  • the switch mechanism includes a lock sensor that triggers the lock sensor when the lock tongue moves to the lock position.
  • the locking tongue is configured to be movable to the locked position when the toggle portion is disengaged from the shifting portion.
  • the positioning sensor has a sensing button and an auxiliary pressing member, and the auxiliary pressing member is disposed between the cam and the sensing button, when the protruding portion triggers the positioning sensor, A projection is in contact with the auxiliary pressure member to urge the auxiliary pressure member against the sensing button.
  • the projection is configured to trigger the positioning sensor when the cam is rotated 45-150 degrees in the vent angle region.
  • the present invention also provides a lock comprising a locking member and the above-mentioned switch mechanism.
  • the lock tongue of the switch mechanism When the locking member is in the locked position, the lock tongue of the switch mechanism is configured to be in a locked position to The locking member is restrained in the locking position; when the locking tongue is moved to the unlocking position, the locking member is configured to be movable to the open position; when the locking member is returned to the locked position, The bolt is configured to return to the locked position.
  • the lock comprises a lock body and a buzzer, and the buzzer is disposed in the lock body, and the lock body has an sounding area for sounding the buzzer.
  • the sounding zone includes an outer sound hole and an inner sound hole, and the outer sound hole and the inner sound hole communicate with each other and are staggered.
  • the lock comprises a non-slip magnetic component, and the anti-slip magnetic component is configured to adsorb and fix the locking component when the locking component is in the open position.
  • the lock is a horseshoe lock
  • the lock member is a lock ring
  • the lock has a slide rail
  • the lock ring is configured to slide along the slide rail
  • the anti-slip magnetic component is disposed at Next to the slide rail.
  • the lock comprises a lock body, the lock comprises a battery and a circuit board, and the battery and the circuit board are stacked in the lock body.
  • the present invention provides a vehicle including a vehicle body and the above-described lock, the lock being disposed on the vehicle body, the lock being configured to be capable of locking the vehicle.
  • the positioning sensor is capable of detecting an unlocking action.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a switch mechanism provided by the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of a locking tongue provided by the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of a cam provided by the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a right side elevational view of the switch mechanism when the cam is turned to the locking angle in the embodiment
  • Figure 5 is a left side view of the switch mechanism corresponding to Figure 4.
  • Figure 6 is a right side elevational view of the switch mechanism when the cam is turned to the angle of the push bolt in the embodiment
  • Figure 7 is a left side view of the switch mechanism corresponding to Figure 6;
  • Figure 8 is a right side elevational view of the switch mechanism after the cam is turned to the vent angle region in the embodiment
  • Figure 9 is a left side view of the switch mechanism corresponding to Figure 8.
  • Figure 10 is a schematic rear view of the lock provided by the present invention.
  • Figure 11 is a side cross-sectional view of the sound producing area of the lock provided by the present invention.
  • Figure 12 is an exploded view of a part of a lock provided by the present invention.
  • Figure 13 is a view showing the overall structure of a lock provided by the present invention.
  • the present invention provides a switch mechanism for a lock that can be coupled to a lock structure to effect control of the lock opening action.
  • the switch mechanism includes a lock tongue 1, a cam 2, and a positioning sensor 3, as shown in FIG.
  • the locking tongue 1 is used for direct or indirect contact with the locking component of the lock, and functions as a positioning and control for the locking component.
  • the lock tongue 1 has a shifting portion 111.
  • the cam 2 has a projection 21 and a dial portion 22 projecting from the cam 2, as shown in FIG. When the cam 2 is rotated to a specific position, the dial portion 22 can push the shifting portion 111 to move the locking tongue 1 to the unlocked position.
  • the dial portion 22 is disengaged from the shifting portion 111.
  • the dial portion 22 no longer applies a thrust to the dial portion 111 and the lock tongue 1, and the switch mechanism completes an unlocking operation.
  • the projection 21 of the cam 2 can trigger the positioning sensor 3, indicating that an unlocking operation is completed. That is, the positioning sensor 3 is configured to detect whether the lock tongue 1 has completed an unlocking operation.
  • the locking tongue 1 may have a driving hole 11 , and the dialing portion 111 occupies a partial edge region of the driving hole 11 .
  • the dial portion 22 can extend into the drive hole 11 to drive or lock the lock tongue 1 by abutting against the edge of the drive hole 11.
  • the invention pushes the bolt through the dialing portion on the cam, and triggers the positioning sensor through the cam after completing the unlocking action.
  • the entire movement is completed by cam rotation, and reliability and stability are improved. If the positioning sensor is triggered, it indicates that the switching mechanism has completed a switching action.
  • the switch mechanism provided by the invention can effectively improve the reliability of the automatic opening of the Zhuneng lock.
  • the cam 2 can be in the locking angle position of the vent angle region.
  • the shifting portion 111 does not come into contact with the dial portion 22.
  • the cam 2 does not trigger the positioning sensor.
  • the invention does not limit the cam to stay in the position shown in FIG. 4, and the invention is optional as long as the cam stays in a position that does not move the bolt to the unlock position when the lock is not required to be unlocked. Implementation.
  • the cam starts to rotate when an unlocking operation is required.
  • the cam 2 is rotated in the direction of rotation indicated by the arrow in FIG. 4, so that the dial portion 22 is placed on the shifting portion 111 to urge the bolt 1 to move to the unlocked position.
  • the lock tongue 1 is pushed by the dial portion 22 to the unlocked position.
  • This position is typically the furthest distance that the dial 22 can move the locking tongue 1 to.
  • the projection 21 of the cam 2 may not trigger the positioning sensor 3.
  • the cam 2 continues to rotate in the direction of rotation indicated by the arrow in Fig. 6, and the cam 2 is rotated to the vent angle area.
  • the dial portion 22 is disengaged from the dial portion 111, and the dial portion 22 no longer exerts a pushing force on the bolt 1, as shown in FIG.
  • the projection 21 on the cam 2 can trigger the positioning sensor 3 as shown in FIG.
  • the positioning sensor 3 is configured to detect whether the locking tongue 1 has completed an unlocking action. Since the rotation of the cam 2 has passed the entire process described above, it can be determined that the switching mechanism has completed an unlocking operation, that is, the locking tongue 1 has moved to the unlocking position, or moved to the over-locking position in the previous movement. When the positioning sensor 3 is triggered, it indicates that the locking tongue 1 has completed the unlocking action.
  • the unlocking mechanism provided by the invention has good unlocking reliability, and the entire unlocking action is realized by a simple cam structure and a dialing portion of the locking tongue. Moreover, the in-position detection is realized by the cam trigger positioning sensor, and the unlocking operation is ensured.
  • the switch mechanism provided by the present invention can also improve the reliability of the locking action, and can fix the bolt in the locked position.
  • the bolt 1 shown in Figure 6 is in the unlocked position and the bolt 1 shown in Figure 4 is in the locked position.
  • the cam 2 is configured to be further rotatable to the locking angle. Referring to the direction of rotation shown in Fig. 8, when the tongue 1 is moved to the locked position, the cam 2 can be rotated back to the position shown in Fig. 4, and the angular position to which the cam 2 is rotated is the locking angle.
  • the dial portion 22 is located at the lowermost position of the drive hole 11, and the lock tongue is at the lock position.
  • the dial portion 22 will interfere with the drive hole 11 to prevent the bolt from moving out of the locked position.
  • the above configuration of the switch mechanism is effective to limit the locking tongue and the lock. When the lock is locked, the lock tongue can return to the lock position and jam the lock. Further, the cam is rotated to a locking angle to achieve a positional restriction on the bolt.
  • the bolt 1 has a drive hole 11 therein, and the above-described restriction of the position of the bolt 1 can be achieved by the cooperation between the dial portion 22 and the drive hole 11.
  • the invention does not limit that there must be a drive hole in the bolt.
  • the lock tongue may have no drive hole, but may be separately configured with a fixed stop or a rib. When the cam is rotated to the locking angle, the toggle portion can form a stop action with the fixed stop, the retaining edge, and the like, thereby restraining the locking tongue in the locked position.
  • the switching mechanism can also be configured to detect whether the cam has rotated to a locking angle by a stop trigger of the positioning sensor.
  • a stop trigger of the positioning sensor Referring to Fig. 9, when the cam 2 is rotated to a certain position in the venting angle region, the projection 21 of the cam 2 forms a triggering action on the positioning sensor 3. Then, when the lock tongue 1 is moved back to the lock position, the cam 2 can continue to rotate in the rotational direction shown in FIG.
  • the projection 21 is configured to occupy a portion of the curvature of the cam 2, so that the projection 21 can continue to form a trigger to the positioning sensor 3 as the cam 2 continues to rotate.
  • the cam 2 is rotated to the locking angle, i.e.
  • the projection 21 no longer forms a trigger for the positioning sensor 3. That is, the curvature of the projection 21 on the cam 2 is configured to extend only from the position at which the positioning sensor 3 is initially triggered to the rotation of the cam 2 to the locking angle. Thus, the trigger of the positioning sensor 3 is canceled.
  • the feature that triggers the cancellation causes the positioning sensor 3 to be configured to detect whether the cam 2 is accurately rotated to the locking angle. If the triggering of the positioning sensor 3 is cancelled, it means that the cam 2 has been rotated to the locking angle, that is, the position shown in Figs.
  • the cam 2 can stop rotating, forming a restriction on the tongue 1.
  • the lock tongue 1 may have a lock triggering portion 12, and accordingly, the switch mechanism may further include a lock sensor 4, as shown in FIGS.
  • the lock triggering portion 12 can trigger the lock sensor 4 when the lock tongue 1 is moved to the lock position.
  • the lock triggering portion 12 may be a flap projecting from the tongue 1, and the lock sensor 4 may have a button thereon. In the event that the tongue 1 is lowered back to the locked position, the flap will press against the button, creating a trigger for the lock sensor 4. This trigger signal can be used to trigger the cam 2 to rotate to the locking angle.
  • the present invention does not limit the structure in which the fins must be used as the lock triggering portion. In other embodiments, the lock triggering portions of other shapes and configurations may also be employed.
  • the bolt may be configured to be automatically movable to a locked position.
  • a spring 13 or other elastic member may be attached to the bolt 1.
  • the spring 13 is configured to apply a force to the lock tongue 1 to move to a locked position.
  • the cam 2 and the dial portion 22 need to overcome the force of the spring 13.
  • the dial portion 22 is disengaged from the shifting portion 111, the cam 2 is rotated to the venting angle region, and the latching tongue 1 is biased by the spring 13 and automatically moves to the locked position.
  • the locking tongue 1 can also be returned to the locked position by the action of the spring 13 when the lock is restored to the locked position.
  • the positioning sensor 3 may have a sensing button 31 and an auxiliary pressing member 32, as shown in FIGS.
  • the auxiliary pressing member 32 is at a position between the cam 2 and the sensing button 31.
  • the cam 2 is rotated to a position where the projection 21 triggers the positioning sensor 3, the projection 21 can contact and traverse the auxiliary pressing member 32.
  • the protrusion 21 drives the auxiliary pressing member 32 against the sensing button 31 to realize the triggering of the positioning sensor 3.
  • the auxiliary pressing member 32 can function to convert the rotational force of the cam 2 into the pressing of the sensing button 31, and reduce the friction and wear of the sensing button 31. Improve the reliability and fluency of the positioning sensor being triggered.
  • the triggering and canceling trigger are respectively used to detect whether the switching mechanism has completed the unlocking action and whether the cam is rotated to the locking angle. Therefore, the projection triggering position sensor when the cam is rotated to which angle is also related to the reliability of the switching mechanism.
  • the maximum range of the venting angle region is that the cam 2 rotates the dial portion 22 counterclockwise from the 12 o'clock direction to the 3 o'clock direction. Accordingly, for the position where the positioning sensor 3 is triggered, the maximum range may be that the cam 2 rotates the dial portion 22 counterclockwise from the 12 o'clock direction to the 6 o'clock direction.
  • the positioning sensor 3 can be continuously triggered within this range of rotation angles.
  • the cam 2 can be configured such that when the dial portion 22 is rotated counterclockwise to a position of 11-9 o'clock, the projection 21 starts to trigger the positioning sensor 3. This can improve the accuracy of the unlocking action of the locking tongue when the positioning sensor 3 is triggered.
  • 8 and 9 show an embodiment in which the projection 21 triggers the positioning sensor 3 when the dial portion 22 is rotated to the 10 o'clock direction.
  • the cam 2 when the dial portion 22 is rotated to the 6 o'clock direction, the cam 2 has been rotated to the locking angle, and the projection 21 is configured to cancel the triggering of the positioning sensor 3. Therefore, preferably, the cam 2 is rotated by 150 degrees in the vent angle region from the 11 o'clock direction to the 6 o'clock direction, and the positioning sensor 3 can be continuously triggered.
  • the projection 21 forms a trigger for the positioning sensor at least when the dial portion 22 is rotated counterclockwise to the 7-8 o'clock direction.
  • a trigger is formed on the positioning sensor at least within a range of 45 degrees of rotation before the dial 22 is rotated to the 6 o'clock direction.
  • the projection 21 is configured to trigger the positioning sensor 3 when the cam 2 is rotated 45-150 degrees in the vent angle region. The position at which the trigger is canceled is the position at which the dial portion 22 is rotated to the 6 o'clock direction.
  • the present invention also provides a lock, as shown in FIGS. 10 and 12, the lock comprising a locking member 6 and the above-mentioned switch mechanism 01.
  • the locking tongue 1 of the switching mechanism 01 When the locking member 6 is in the locked position, the locking tongue 1 of the switching mechanism 01 is configured to be in the locked position, thereby restraining the locking member 6 in the locked position.
  • the locking tongue 1 When the locking tongue 1 is moved to the unlocking position, the locking member 6 is configured to be unlocked and moved to the open position. Further, when the locking member 6 is returned to the locked position, the locking tongue 1 is configured to be returned to the locked position.
  • a motor may be provided for driving the cam rotation in the switch mechanism 01.
  • the improved locking mechanism is adopted in the lock provided by the invention, and the reliability of the automatic unlocking of the lock is higher.
  • the switching mechanism can accurately complete the unlocking action by the cooperation action of the cam and the locking tongue. After the unlocking action is completed, the positioning sensor is triggered to give a signal that the unlocking action is completed. Further, the switching mechanism of the preferred embodiment is also capable of limiting the bolt in the locked position when the locking member 6 is in the locked position. Thereby, the locking member 6 is locked to prevent the locking member 6 from coming out of the locking position.
  • the lock may include a lock body housing 5 and a buzzer for accommodating buzzers, switch mechanisms, and accessories in other locks.
  • the buzzer is disposed in the lock body casing 5, and the lock body casing 5 has an sound emission area 51 for sounding a buzzer.
  • Figure 10 shows the back structure of the lock in a particular embodiment, wherein the sound exit area 51 can be located on the back of the lock body housing 5.
  • the sound emission area 51 may include an inner sound hole 512 and an outer sound hole 511.
  • the lock body casing 5 may have two inner and outer shell wall structures at the sound exiting area 51 to form an inner layer sound hole 512 on the inner layer shell wall, and an outer layer sound hole 511 formed on the outer shell wall.
  • the outer sound hole 511 and the inner layer sound hole 512 are in communication with each other, but the positions of the outer sound hole 511 and the inner layer sound hole 512 are shifted from each other as shown in FIG.
  • the structure of the sounding area 51 can effectively protect the buzzer, and it is difficult for the foreign object to bypass the outer sound hole 511 and the inner sound hole 512 to contact the buzzer. Buzzers are usually not subject to direct damage.
  • Figure 11 also shows a specific embodiment of the outer sound hole 511 and the inner layer sound hole 512.
  • the inner layer sound hole 512 is located at an intermediate position, and the sound emission area 51 has a plurality of outer sound holes 511, and the outer sound hole 511 is surrounded by an annular distribution, and the inner layer sound hole 512 is surrounded. In the center.
  • Each of the outer sound holes 511 is not opposite to the inner sound hole 512.
  • the lock may further include a non-slip magnetic component.
  • the anti-slip magnetic component is configured to be capable of adsorbing and holding the locking member when the locking member is in the open position, so as to prevent the locking member from sliding back to the locking position.
  • the locking member can be moved from the open position to the locked position only when the magnetic force of the non-slip magnetic component is touched or an additional operation is applied.
  • Figure 12 is an exploded view of a lock specifically provided by the present invention.
  • the lock is a horseshoe lock and the lock 6 is a lock ring.
  • the lock has a slide rail that is configured to be slidable along the slide rail.
  • the lock ring is in the locked position.
  • the lock ring moves up and allows the entire horseshoe-shaped notch to open, the lock ring can be moved to the open position.
  • the anti-slip magnetic component may be disposed beside the slide rail, and the lock ring is provided with a magnetic conductive structure for adsorption.
  • the non-slip magnetic force component is capable of attracting the magnetically permeable structure on the lock ring when the lock ring is slid along the slide rail to the open position.
  • the lock may further include a battery 71 and a circuit board 72, and these electrical components may also be disposed in the lock body casing 5.
  • Circuit board 72 can be used to process signals from electronic devices such as sensors, which are used to provide electrical energy to devices such as circuit boards 72, sensors, and the like.
  • the battery 71 and the circuit board 72 may be stacked in the thickness direction of the entire lock. The space occupied by the battery 71 and the circuit board 72 is reduced, thereby reducing the overall volume of the lock.
  • the present invention also provides a vehicle, which may be a bicycle, a tricycle, a moped or other vehicle, which is not specifically limited in the present invention.
  • vehicle includes a body and the above locks.
  • the lock is disposed on the vehicle body.
  • the lock is configured to be able to lock the vehicle, for example, by locking the components such as the wheel, the brake disc, etc., and the locking of the vehicle is achieved, which is not limited by the present invention.

Abstract

一种用于锁具的开关机构，包括锁舌（1）、凸轮（2）和定位传感器（3），锁舌（1）上具有拨挡部（111），凸轮（2）上具有凸出部（21）和从凸轮（2）上伸出的拨动部（22），凸轮（2）被配置为能通过旋转使拨动部（22）推动拨挡部（111），以使锁舌（1）移动到开锁位置；当凸轮（2）旋转到放空角度区域后，拨动部（22）与拨挡部（111）脱离，凸出部（21）触发定位传感器（3），定位传感器（3）被配置为能检测锁舌（1）是否完成了一次开锁动作。还涉及包含该开关机构的锁具和包含该锁具的车辆。

Description

用于锁具的开关机构以及锁具和车辆
交叉引用关系
本申请要求申请日为2017年04月21日、申请号为：201720425646.3、名称为：“用于锁具的开关机构以及锁具和车辆”的中国专利申请的优先权。并且，本申请要求申请日为2017年04月21日、申请号为：201710266961.0、名称为：“用于锁具的开关机构以及锁具和车辆”的中国专利申请的优先权。
技术领域
本发明属于锁具技术领域，具体地，本发明涉及一种用于锁具的开关机构以及锁具和车辆。
背景技术
近年来，为了解决“最后一公里”等交通方面的问题，自行车、电动车以及平衡车等技术得到快速发展。相应地，如何保护这些车辆的安全也成为了需要解决的技术问题。特别地，车辆的安全问题在共享单车等公共租赁的领域中尤为突出。
本领域的现状是，公共租赁车辆配置有锁具，在通常的停放状态下不能随意使用。用户可以根据出租方的规定，通过特定手续和/或付费程序将车辆的锁具打开，从而使用车辆。
特别地，随着公共租赁车辆的发展，出于提高使用便捷度、防止车辆被盗用等目的，车辆的锁具开始采用电子智能锁，通过用户端的软件配合能够实现自动开锁。这种设计确实能够解决上述问题，但是也带来了新的技术问题。例如，智能锁的开锁动作可靠性较低，经常出现无法自动开锁或者锁具无法关闭等现象。一方面这种技术问题可能由于通讯障碍造成，另一方面，还有可能是因为锁具内的自动开锁机构故障造成的。当自 动开锁机构的操作动作出现异常时，极易造成智能锁的开关锁动作无法正常进行。
所以，有必要对锁具结构进行改进，提高锁具的开锁、关锁可靠性。
实用新型内容
本发明的一个目的是提供一种改进的用于锁具的开关机构。
根据本发明的一个方面，提供了一种用于锁具的开关机构，包括锁舌、凸轮和定位传感器，
所述锁舌上具有拨挡部，
所述凸轮上具有凸出部和从凸轮上伸出的拨动部，所述凸轮被配置为能通过旋转使所述拨动部推动拨挡部，以使所述锁舌移动到开锁位置；
当所述凸轮旋转到放空角度区域后，所述拨动部与拨挡部脱离，所述凸出部触发所述定位传感器，所述定位传感器被配置为能检测锁舌是否完成了一次开锁动作。
可选地，当所述锁舌移动到关锁位置时，所述凸轮被配置为能旋转到锁紧角度，所述拨动部被配置为处在将锁舌限制在关锁位置的位置。
可选地，当所述凸轮在放空角度区域的范围内旋转时，所述凸出部持续触发所述定位传感器，当所述凸轮旋转到锁紧角度时，所述凸出部取消对定位传感器的触发，所述定位传感器被配置为能检测凸轮是否旋转到了锁紧角度。
可选地，所述锁舌上具有关锁触发部，所述开关机构包括关锁传感器，当所述锁舌移动到关锁位置时，所述关锁触发部触发所述关锁传感器。
可选地，在所述拨动部与拨挡部脱离时，所述锁舌被配置为能向关锁位置移动。
可选地，所述定位传感器上具有传感按钮和辅助压件，所述辅助压件设置在所述凸轮与传感按钮之间，当所述凸出部触发所述定位传感器时，所述凸出部与所述辅助压件接触，驱使所述辅助压件压紧在所述传感按钮上。
可选地，所述凸出部被配置为所述凸轮在放空角度区域内旋转45-150度时，能够触发所述定位传感器。
本发明还提供了一种锁具，包括锁紧件和上述开关机构，当所述锁紧件在锁止位置时，所述开关机构的锁舌被配置为能处在关锁位置，以将所述锁紧件限制在锁止位置；当所述锁舌移动到开锁位置时，所述锁紧件被配置为能移动到打开位置；当所述锁紧件回到锁止位置时，所述锁舌被配置为能回到关锁位置。
可选地，所述锁具包括锁身壳体和蜂鸣器，所述蜂鸣器设置在所述锁身壳体内，所述锁身壳体上具有供蜂鸣器出声的出声区，所述出声区包括外层声孔和内层声孔，所述外层声孔与内层声孔相互连通并且位置错开。
可选地，所述锁具包括防滑落磁力部件，所述防滑落磁力部件被配置为，当所述锁紧件处在打开位置时，所述防滑落磁力部件吸附固定所述锁紧件。
可选地，所述锁具为马蹄形锁，所述锁紧件为锁环，所述锁具具有滑轨，所述锁环被配置为能沿所述滑轨滑动，所述防滑落磁力部件设置在所述滑轨旁。
可选地，所述锁具包括锁身壳体，所述锁具包括电池和电路板，所述电池和电路板堆叠设置在所述锁身壳体内。
本发明提供了一种车辆，包括车身和上述锁具，所述锁具设置在所述车身上，所述锁具被配置为能够锁止车辆。
本发明的一个技术效果在于，所述开关机构的开锁可靠性得到提高。所述定位传感器能够对开锁动作进行检测。
通过以下参照附图对本发明的示例性实施例的详细描述，本发明的其它特征及其优点将会变得清楚。
附图说明
构成说明书的一部分的附图描述了本发明的实施例，并且连同说明 书一起用于解释本发明的原理。
图1是本发明提供的开关机构的立体结构示意图；
图2是本发明提供的锁舌的立体结构示意图；
图3是本发明提供的凸轮的立体结构示意图；
图4是具体实施方式中凸轮转到锁紧角度时开关机构的右视图；
图5是与图4相对应的开关机构的左视图；
图6是具体实施方式中凸轮转到推动锁舌的角度时开关机构的右视图；
图7是与图6相对应的开关机构的左视图；
图8是具体实施方式中凸轮转到放空角度区域后开关机构的右视图；
图9是与图8相对应的开关机构的左视图；
图10是本发明提供的锁具的背面示意图；
图11是本发明提供的锁具中出声区的侧面剖视图；
图12是本发明提供的一种锁具的零件爆炸图；
图13是本发明提供的一种锁具的整体结构图。
具体实施方式
现在将参照附图来详细描述本发明的各种示例性实施例。应注意到：除非另外具体说明，否则在这些实施例中阐述的部件和步骤的相对布置、数字表达式和数值不限制本发明的范围。
以下对至少一个示例性实施例的描述实际上仅仅是说明性的，决不作为对本发明及其应用或使用的任何限制。
对于相关领域普通技术人员已知的技术和设备可能不作详细讨论，但在适当情况下，所述技术和设备应当被视为说明书的一部分。
在这里示出和讨论的所有例子中，任何具体值应被解释为仅仅是示例性的，而不是作为限制。因此，示例性实施例的其它例子可以具有不同的值。
应注意到：相似的标号和字母在下面的附图中表示类似项，因此，一旦某一项在一个附图中被定义，则在随后的附图中不需要对其进行进一步讨论。
本发明提供了一种用于锁具的开关机构，该开关机构能够与锁具结构配合，从而实现对锁具打开动作的控制。所述开关机构包括锁舌1、凸轮2和定位传感器3，如图1所示。所述锁舌1用于与锁具的锁止部件直接或间接接触，对锁止部件起到定位、控制的作用。如图2所示，所述锁舌1具有拨挡部111。所述凸轮2上具有凸出部21以及从凸轮2上伸出的拨动部22，如图3所示。当凸轮2旋转到特定位置时，所述拨动部22能够推动所述拨挡部111，以使所述锁舌1移动到开锁位置。进一步地，当凸轮2旋转到放空角度区域后，所述拨动部22会与所述拨挡部111脱离。所述拨动部22不再对拨挡部111以及锁舌1施加推力，开关机构完成了一次开锁动作。这时，所述凸轮2的凸出部21能够触发所述定位传感器3，示意完成了一次开锁动作。即，定位传感器3被配置为能检测锁舌1是否完成了一次开锁动作。可选地，所述锁舌1上可以具体有驱动孔11，所述拨挡部111占据所述驱动孔11的部分边缘区域。所述拨动部22可以伸入到所述驱动孔11中，通过顶住驱动孔11的边缘，实现对锁舌1的驱动或卡止。
本发明通过凸轮上的拨动部对锁舌进行推动，在完成开锁动作后再通过凸轮触发定位传感器。整个动作都由凸轮转动完成，可靠性和稳定性得到提高。如定位传感器得到触发，则说明开关机构已完成了一次开关动作。本发明提供的开关机构能够有效提高朱能锁具自动打开的可靠性。
对于凸轮驱动锁舌移动的动作，结合图4-9所示的具体实施方式进行介绍。首先，如图4所示，所述凸轮2可以处在放空角度区域的锁紧角度位置。当凸轮2旋转到这个位置时，拨挡部111不会与所述拨动部22接触。参见图5，在这一位置，可选地，所述凸轮2也不会触发所述定位传感器。本发明并不限制所述凸轮必须停留在如图4所示的位置，在无需对锁具进行开锁操作时，只要凸轮停留在不使锁舌向开锁位置移动的位 置，都是本发明可选的实施方式。
进一步地，在需要进行开锁动作时，所述凸轮开始旋转。所述凸轮2沿图4中箭头标出的旋转方向旋转，使所述拨动部22顶在所述拨挡部111上，驱使锁舌1向开锁位置移动。如图6所示，当所述凸轮2旋转到该位置时，所述锁舌1被所述拨动部22推动到开锁位置。该位置通常是拨动部22能够将锁舌1移动到的最远距离。如图7所示，在该位置处，所述凸轮2的凸出部21可以不触发所述定位传感器3。
进一步地，所述凸轮2沿着图6中箭头标出的旋转方向继续旋转，所述凸轮2会旋转到放空角度区域。此时，所述拨动部22与所述拨挡部111脱离，拨动部22不再对锁舌1施加推动作用力，如图8所示。在凸轮2旋转到放空角度区域后，凸轮2上的凸出部21可以触发所述定位传感器3，如图9所示。所述定位传感器3被配置为能检测锁舌1是否完成了一次开锁动作。由于所述凸轮2的转动动作经过了上述整个过程，所以，可以确定开关机构已经完成了一次开锁动作，即锁舌1已经移动到了开锁位置，或者在之前的动作中移动到过开锁位置。当定位传感器3被触发时，说明锁舌1完成了开锁动作。
本发明提供的开锁机构具有良好的开锁可靠性，通过简单的凸轮结构配合锁舌的拨动部实现整个开锁动作。并且，通过凸轮触发定位传感器实现到位检测，确保完成了开锁动作。
优选地，本发明提供的开关机构还能够提高关锁动作的可靠性，可以将锁舌固定在关锁位置。图6中示出的锁舌1处在开锁位置，图4中示出的锁舌1处在关锁位置。当锁舌1从开锁位置移动到关锁位置时，所述凸轮2被配置为能进一步旋转到锁紧角度。参照图8所示的旋转方向，在锁舌1移动到关锁位置时，所述凸轮2能够旋转回到图4所示的位置，凸轮2转动到的该角度位置即为锁紧角度。此时，所述拨动部22位于驱动孔11最靠下的位置，锁舌处在关锁位置。若有外力试图使锁舌向上移动从而移出关锁位置，所述拨动部22会与驱动孔11相抵触，阻止锁舌移出关锁位置。在优选的实施方式中，开关机构的上述配置能够有效的实现对 锁舌以及锁具的限制作用。当锁具锁合后，锁舌就能够回到关锁位置，卡住锁具。进一步地，凸轮旋转到锁紧角度，实现对锁舌的位置限制。
在图4所示的实施方式中，所述锁舌1上具有驱动孔11，通过拨动部22与驱动孔11之间的配合，可以实现上述限制锁舌1位置的作用。但是，本发明并不限制锁舌上必须要具有驱动孔。在其它的实施方式中，锁舌上可以不具有驱动孔，而是单独配置有固定挡台或挡沿等结构。当凸轮旋转到锁紧角度时，所述拨动部能够与固定挡台、挡沿等结构形成止挡作用，从而将锁舌限制在关锁位置。
特别地，在进一步优选的实施方式中，所述开关机构还可以配置为通过所述定位传感器的停止触发来检测所述凸轮是否旋转到了锁紧角度。参见图9，当凸轮2旋转到放空角度区域的某个位置时，所述凸轮2的凸出部21对定位传感器3形成触发作用。而后，当所述锁舌1移动回关锁位置时，所述凸轮2能够沿着图8所示的旋转方向继续旋转。所述凸出部21配置为占据了凸轮2的一部分弧度，所以，当凸轮2继续旋转时，所述凸出部21能够持续对所述定位传感器3形成触发。特别地，当所述凸轮2旋转到锁紧角度时，即图4、5所示的角度位置时，所述凸出部21不再对定位传感器3形成触发。即，凸出部21在凸轮2上的弧度被配置为只能从开始触发定位传感器3的位置延伸到凸轮2旋转到锁紧角度。这样，定位传感器3的触发被取消。触发被取消的特征使所述定位传感器3被配置为能够检测凸轮2是否准确旋转到了锁紧角度。如果定位传感器3的触发被取消，则说明凸轮2已经旋转到了锁紧角度，即图4、5所示的位置。所述凸轮2可以停止旋转，形成对锁舌1的限制。
可选地，所述锁舌1上可以具有关锁触发部12，相应地，所述开关机构还可以包括关锁传感器4，如图1、4所示。当所述锁舌1移动到关锁位置时，所述关锁触发部12能够触发所述关锁传感器4。以示锁舌已经到位关锁位置。在图1、4所示的实施方式中，所述关锁触发部12可以是从所述锁舌1上伸出的翼片，所述关锁传感器4上可以具有按钮。在锁舌1向下落回关锁位置的情况下，翼片会按压在按钮上，形成对关锁传感 器4的触发。该触发信号可以用于触发凸轮2旋转至锁紧角度。本发明并不限制必须采用翼片的结构作为关锁触发部，在其它实施方式中，也可以采用其它形状、结构的关锁触发部。
优选地，所述锁舌可以配置为能够自动向关锁位置移动。如图2所示，所述锁舌1上可以连接有弹簧13或其它弹性件。该弹簧13配置为对所述锁舌1施加向关锁位置移动的作用力。当锁舌1需要移动到开锁位置时，所述凸轮2及拨动部22需要克服弹簧13的作用力。而当拨动部22与拨挡部111脱离时，凸轮2旋转到了放空角度区域，所述锁舌1受到弹簧13的作用力，会自动向关锁位置移动。可选地，在锁具恢复到关锁位置时，所述锁舌1在弹簧13的作用下也能够回到关锁位置。本发明的这种配置方式提高了开关机构的自动化程度，无需配置额外的机构用于控制锁舌回复到关锁位置。
可选地，所述定位传感器3上可以具有传感按钮31和辅助压件32，如图1、5所示。所述辅助压件32处在所述凸轮2与传感按钮31之间的位置。当所述凸轮2旋转到使凸出部21触发定位传感器3的位置时，所述凸出部21能够接触并划过所述辅助压件32。所述凸出部21驱使所述辅助压件32压紧在传感按钮31上，实现定位传感器3的触发。所述辅助压件32能够起到将凸轮2的旋转作用力转化成按压传感按钮31的作用力，减少传感按钮31受到的摩擦力和磨损。提高定位传感器被触发的可靠性和流畅度。
根据上述在优选实施方式中给对定位传感器的触发和取消触发的说明，可以知道触发和取消触发分别用于检测开关机构是否完成了开锁动作和凸轮是否旋转到锁紧角度。所以，当凸轮旋转到哪个角度时凸出部触发定位传感器也与开关机构的可靠性有关。参见图4，所述放空角度区域最大的范围是凸轮2使拨动部22从12点钟方向逆时针旋转到3点钟方向。相应地，对于定位传感器3被触发的位置，最大的范围可以是凸轮2使拨动部22从12点钟方向逆时针旋转到6点钟方向。在这个旋转角度范围内，所述定位传感器3都可以被持续触发。优选地，参见图4，可以将凸轮2 配置成当拨动部22逆时针旋转到11-9点钟方向的位置时，所述凸出部21开始触发所述定位传感器3。这样可以提高定位传感器3被触发时所述锁舌完成了开锁动作的准确性。图8和9示出了当拨动部22旋转到10点钟方向时凸出部21触发定位传感器3的实施方式。
相应地，当拨动部22旋转到6点钟方向时，凸轮2已经旋转到了锁紧角度，所述凸出部21被配置为取消对定位传感器3的触发。所以优选地，从11点钟方向旋转到6点钟方向，所述凸轮2在放空角度区域内旋转了150度，可以持续对定位传感器3形成触发。
若凸出部对定位传感器的触发位置过晚，也有可能影响到开关机构的开锁、关锁动作的可靠性。所以优选地，参见图4，所述凸出部21至少在使拨动部22逆时针旋转到7-8点钟方向时对定位传感器形成触发。可选地，在拨动部22旋转到6点钟方向之前，至少在旋转45度的范围内对定位传感器形成触发。综合上述，优选地，所述凸出部21被配置为凸轮2在放空角度区域内旋转45-150度时，能够触发所述定位传感器3。取消触发的位置为拨动部22旋转到6点钟方向的位置。
进一步地，本发明还提供了一种锁具，如图10、12所示，该锁具包括锁紧件6和上述开关机构01。当所述锁紧件6处在锁止位置时，所述开关机构01的锁舌1被配置为能处在关锁位置，从而将锁紧件6限制在锁止位置。而当所述锁舌1移动到开锁位置时，所述锁紧件6被配置为能解除锁止，移动到打开位置。进一步地，当所述锁紧件6再回到锁止位置时，所述锁舌1被配置为能回到关锁位置。可选地，在所述锁具中，可以配置有电机，所述电机用于驱动开关机构01中的凸轮旋转。
本发明提供的锁具中采用了改进的开关机构，锁具自动开锁的可靠性更高。所述开关机构通过凸轮和锁舌的配合动作，能够准确的完成开锁动作。在完成开锁动作之后，所述定位传感器才会受到触发，以给出开锁动作完成的信号。进一步地，在锁紧件6处在锁止位置时，优选实施方式中的开关机构还能够使锁舌限位在关锁位置。从而锁死所述锁紧件6，防止锁紧件6以外脱离锁止位置。
可选地，所述锁具可以包括锁身壳体5和蜂鸣器，所述锁身壳体5用于容纳蜂鸣器、开关机构以及其它锁具内的配件。所述蜂鸣器设置在所述锁身壳体5内，锁身壳体5上具有供蜂鸣器出声的出声区51。图10示出了具体实施方式中锁具的背面结构，其中，所述出声区51可以位于锁身壳体5的背面。所述出声区51的外侧连通的锁身壳体5的外部，出声区51的内侧连通到锁身壳体5的内部容纳空间。
优选地，如图11所示，所述出声区51可以包括内层声孔512和外层声孔511。锁身壳体5在所述出声区51处可以具有内外两层壳壁结构，以便在内层壳壁上形成内层声孔512，外层壳壁上形成外层声孔511。所述外层声孔511与内层声孔512是相互连通的，但是外层声孔511与内层声孔512的位置相互错开，如图11所示。这种出声区51的结构设计能够对蜂鸣器起到有效的保护作用，外界的异物难以绕过外层声孔511和内层声孔512从而接触到蜂鸣器。蜂鸣器通常不会受到直接损伤。图11也示出了外层声孔511和内层声孔512的一种具体实施方式。在这种实施方式中，所述内层声孔512位于中间位置，出声区51上具有多个外层声孔511，外层声孔511围成环状分布，将内层声孔512围在中心。每个外层声孔511均不与内层声孔512正对。这种结构设计既能够为蜂鸣器提供良好的声音外传通路，也能够减小蜂鸣器受到破坏的可能性。
进一步可选地，所述锁具上还可以包括防滑落磁力部件。所述锁紧件处在打开位置时，存在非正常的落回锁止位置的风险。所述防滑落磁力部件配置为，当锁紧件处在打开位置时，能够将锁紧件吸附固定住，避免锁紧件滑落回锁止位置。可选地，只有在接触防滑落磁力部件的磁力或施加额外的操作时，才能够使锁紧件从打开位置向锁止位置移动。
图12是本发明具体提供的一种锁具爆炸图。在这种可选的实施方式中，所述锁具为马蹄形锁，所述锁紧件6为锁环。所述锁具具有滑轨，所述锁环被配置为能够沿着所述滑轨滑动。当所述锁环滑动到下部位置时，如图10所示，锁环处在锁止位置。当锁环向上移动，让开整个马蹄形缺口后，锁环能够移动到打开位置。优选地，所述防滑落磁力部件可以设置 在所述滑轨旁，所述锁环上则设置有用于吸附的导磁结构。当所述锁环沿着滑轨滑动到打开位置时，所述防滑落磁力部件能够吸附住锁环上的导磁结构。
可选地，如图12所示，锁具还可以包括电池71和电路板72，这些电气部件也可以设置在上述锁身壳体5中。电路板72可以用于处理传感器等电子设备的信号，所述电池71则用于为电路板72、传感器等设备提供电能。特别地，如图12、13所示，所述电池71和电路板72可以沿着锁具整体的厚度方向堆叠设置。减少电池71和电路板72占据的空间，从而减小锁具的整体体积。
本发明还提供了一种车辆，该车辆可以是自行车、三轮车、助力车或其它车辆，本发明不进行具体限制。该车辆包括车身和上述锁具。所述锁具设置在所述车身上。所述锁具配置为能够锁止车辆，例如可以通过对车轮、刹车盘等部件的锁止，实现对车辆的锁止，本发明不对此进行限制。
虽然已经通过示例对本发明的一些特定实施例进行了详细说明，但是本领域的技术人员应该理解，以上示例仅是为了进行说明，而不是为了限制本发明的范围。本领域的技术人员应该理解，可在不脱离本发明的范围和精神的情况下，对以上实施例进行修改。本发明的范围由所附权利要求来限定。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种用于锁具的开关机构，其特征在于，包括锁舌、凸轮和定位传感器，
    所述锁舌上具有拨挡部，
    所述凸轮上具有凸出部和从凸轮上伸出的拨动部，所述凸轮被配置为能通过旋转使所述拨动部推动拨挡部，以使所述锁舌移动到开锁位置；
    当所述凸轮旋转到放空角度区域后，所述拨动部与拨挡部脱离，所述凸出部触发所述定位传感器，所述定位传感器被配置为能检测锁舌是否完成了一次开锁动作。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的开关机构，其特征在于，当所述锁舌移动到关锁位置时，所述凸轮被配置为能旋转到锁紧角度，所述拨动部被配置为处在将锁舌限制在关锁位置的位置。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的开关机构，其特征在于，当所述凸轮在放空角度区域的范围内旋转时，所述凸出部持续触发所述定位传感器，当所述凸轮旋转到锁紧角度时，所述凸出部取消对定位传感器的触发，所述定位传感器被配置为能检测凸轮是否旋转到了锁紧角度。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3任意之一所述的开关机构，其特征在于，所述锁舌上具有关锁触发部，所述开关机构包括关锁传感器，当所述锁舌移动到关锁位置时，所述关锁触发部触发所述关锁传感器。
  5. 根据权利要求1-4任意之一所述的开关机构，其特征在于，在所述拨动部与拨挡部脱离时，所述锁舌被配置为能向关锁位置移动。
  6. 根据权利要求1-5任意之一所述的开关机构，其特征在于，所述定位传感器上具有传感按钮和辅助压件，所述辅助压件设置在所述凸轮与传感按钮之间，当所述凸出部触发所述定位传感器时，所述凸出部与所述辅助压件接触，驱使所述辅助压件压紧在所述传感按钮上。
  7. 一种锁具，其特征在于，包括锁紧件和权利要求1-6任意之一所述的开关机构，当所述锁紧件在锁止位置时，所述开关机构的锁舌被配置 为能处在关锁位置，以将所述锁紧件限制在锁止位置；当所述锁舌移动到开锁位置时，所述锁紧件被配置为能移动到打开位置；当所述锁紧件回到锁止位置时，所述锁舌被配置为能回到关锁位置。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的锁具，其特征在于，所述锁具包括锁身壳体和蜂鸣器，所述蜂鸣器设置在所述锁身壳体内，所述锁身壳体上具有供蜂鸣器出声的出声区，所述出声区包括外层声孔和内层声孔，所述外层声孔与内层声孔相互连通并且位置错开。
  9. 根据权利要求7或8所述的锁具，其特征在于，所述锁具包括防滑落磁力部件，所述防滑落磁力部件被配置为，当所述锁紧件处在打开位置时，所述防滑落磁力部件吸附固定所述锁紧件。
  10. 一种车辆，其特征在于，包括车身和权利要求7-9任意之一所述的锁具，所述锁具设置在所述车身上，所述锁具被配置为能够锁止车辆。
PCT/CN2018/083970 2017-04-21 2018-04-20 用于锁具的开关机构以及锁具和车辆 WO2018192577A1 (zh)

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