WO2018188793A1 - Longitudinally adjustable connecting rod for a piston engine - Google Patents

Longitudinally adjustable connecting rod for a piston engine Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018188793A1
WO2018188793A1 PCT/EP2018/000186 EP2018000186W WO2018188793A1 WO 2018188793 A1 WO2018188793 A1 WO 2018188793A1 EP 2018000186 W EP2018000186 W EP 2018000186W WO 2018188793 A1 WO2018188793 A1 WO 2018188793A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
connecting rod
length
piston
pressure chamber
adjustable connecting
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2018/000186
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Kai Arens
Original Assignee
Iwis Motorsysteme Gmbh & Co. Kg
Avl List Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Iwis Motorsysteme Gmbh & Co. Kg, Avl List Gmbh filed Critical Iwis Motorsysteme Gmbh & Co. Kg
Priority to CN201880024226.1A priority Critical patent/CN110582625B/en
Publication of WO2018188793A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018188793A1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B75/00—Other engines
    • F02B75/04—Engines with variable distances between pistons at top dead-centre positions and cylinder heads
    • F02B75/045—Engines with variable distances between pistons at top dead-centre positions and cylinder heads by means of a variable connecting rod length
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C7/00—Connecting-rods or like links pivoted at both ends; Construction of connecting-rod heads
    • F16C7/06—Adjustable connecting-rods
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B13/00—Details of servomotor systems ; Valves for servomotor systems
    • F15B13/01—Locking-valves or other detent i.e. load-holding devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B13/00—Details of servomotor systems ; Valves for servomotor systems
    • F15B13/02—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors
    • F15B13/04—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors for use with a single servomotor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B11/00—Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor
    • F15B11/003—Systems with load-holding valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B11/00—Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor
    • F15B11/08—Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor with only one servomotor
    • F15B11/12—Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor with only one servomotor providing distinct intermediate positions; with step-by-step action
    • F15B11/121—Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor with only one servomotor providing distinct intermediate positions; with step-by-step action providing distinct intermediate positions
    • F15B11/126—Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor with only one servomotor providing distinct intermediate positions; with step-by-step action providing distinct intermediate positions by means of actuators of the standard type with special circuit controlling means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/30—Directional control
    • F15B2211/305—Directional control characterised by the type of valves
    • F15B2211/30505—Non-return valves, i.e. check valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/30—Directional control
    • F15B2211/305—Directional control characterised by the type of valves
    • F15B2211/30525—Directional control valves, e.g. 4/3-directional control valve
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/30—Directional control
    • F15B2211/315—Directional control characterised by the connections of the valve or valves in the circuit
    • F15B2211/31552—Directional control characterised by the connections of the valve or valves in the circuit being connected to an output member and a return line
    • F15B2211/31558—Directional control characterised by the connections of the valve or valves in the circuit being connected to an output member and a return line having a single output member
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/30—Directional control
    • F15B2211/32—Directional control characterised by the type of actuation
    • F15B2211/327—Directional control characterised by the type of actuation electrically or electronically
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/70—Output members, e.g. hydraulic motors or cylinders or control therefor
    • F15B2211/705—Output members, e.g. hydraulic motors or cylinders or control therefor characterised by the type of output members or actuators
    • F15B2211/7051—Linear output members
    • F15B2211/7053—Double-acting output members
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/70—Output members, e.g. hydraulic motors or cylinders or control therefor
    • F15B2211/72—Output members, e.g. hydraulic motors or cylinders or control therefor having locking means

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a length-adjustable connecting rod for a piston engine, having a first connecting rod portion associated with the crankshaft and a second connecting rod portion associated with the engine piston, wherein a cylinder is formed in a connecting rod portion, while the other connecting rod portion is provided with a piston in the cylinder slidably disposed and limited according to its position in the cylinder at least one hydraulic pressure chamber.
  • Such a length-adjustable connecting rod is known, for example, from WO2015 / 055582.
  • In the local connecting rod of the piston can take two positions in which he drives each against a mechanical stop and is hydraulically locked by the pressure chamber formed on the other side of the stop.
  • This type of length adjustment of the connecting rod has the advantage that both positions are clearly defined by the mechanical stop, so that the two positions can be assigned a unique compression ratio.
  • the invention is therefore the object of developing a length-adjustable connecting rod of the type mentioned so that the connecting rod between the short and the long rod length can also occupy intermediate positions.
  • hydraulic pressure chambers are each lockable via a drain valve, so that the piston can assume a central position in which it limits two hydraulic pressure chambers.
  • This solution provides that one deliberately dispenses with a mechanical stop for the middle position. At least for the intermediate positions, this gives the advantage that a certain connecting rod length is determined by a mechanical and thus clearly defined stop. On the other hand, one gains the advantage that one can better adapt the connecting rod length and thus the compression ratio of the engine to the respective operating conditions.
  • the two connecting rod sections are telescopic stuck together.
  • the use of a hydraulically adjusted eccentric, preferably in the small connecting rod, is also possible.
  • each pressure chamber is connected to an inlet check valve, which allows the inflow of the hydraulic medium, the drain, however, blocks.
  • the combination with the controllable drain valves causes that when a blockage of the pressure chambers, although no hydraulic medium can escape, but can flow. In other words, this means that any leakage in the pressure chambers are compensated.
  • the hydraulic medium is engine oil, so that the length-adjustable connecting rod can be easily connected to the engine oil supply.
  • drain valves are designed as solenoid control valves.
  • the connecting rod length can be adjusted.
  • the drain valves are designed to be controllable, wherein a knock sensor is involved in the control of the drain valves.
  • the engine can always operate close to the knock limit. Adjusting the length adjustment of the connecting rod can be easily controlled over the duration of the control of the drain valves.
  • This type of control of the drain valves also makes it possible in an advantageous manner that the length adjustment of the connecting rod in dependence on other engine characteristics we speed, load, consumption and speed takes place.
  • the drawing shows schematically a length-adjustable connecting rod 1 for a reciprocating engine.
  • the connecting rod 1 comprises a first connecting rod section 2, which comprises a radially projecting cylinder 3, in which a second connecting rod section 4 is inserted with a piston 5 telescopically.
  • the second connecting rod section 4 has a piston rod 6, which connects the piston 5 with the small connecting rod eye 7, which is assigned to the engine piston of the internal combustion engine.
  • the cylinder 3 is provided with a cylinder cover 8, which also serves as an upper stop for the piston 5.
  • the piston 5 is shown in the drawing in an intermediate position in which the length-adjustable connecting rod 1 also occupies an intermediate position between the largest and the smallest length.
  • the double-acting piston 5 divides the cylinder into two pressure chambers 10 and 11 which are filled with engine oil.
  • Each of the pressure chambers 10, 11 is connected to an oil line 12 or 3 to the engine oil supply of the internal combustion engine.
  • the oil lines 12 and 13 are check valves 14, 15 which allow the supply of oil into the pressure chambers 10 and 11, but block the outflow from these chambers.
  • Parallel to the check valves 14 and 15 branch off the oil lines 12 and 13 to a 3/3-way valve, through which either the flow of a pressure chamber 0 or 1 1 or both pressure chambers 10 and 11 can be locked.
  • the 3/3-way valve 16 shown in the drawing, the flow of the upper pressure chamber 1 is opened, while the flow of the lower pressure chamber 10 is locked.
  • the connecting rod length is to be shortened, which is the case, for example, when the engine tends to knock, the 3/3-way valve is pushed completely to the left, so that the lower pressure chamber 10 is opened and there located engine oil can flow while the flow of the upper pressure chamber 1 is blocked. In this way, the piston can move down until the knock limit is reached. Should this happen before reaching the lower stop, the engine control can provide that the 3/3-way valve is moved to the middle position in which both the upper pressure chamber 11 and the lower pressure chamber 10 are locked.
  • the length-adjustable connecting rod assumes a middle position. As a result, the engine can always be operated close to the knock limit.

Abstract

The invention relates to a longitudinally adjustable connecting rod for a piston engine, comprising a first connecting rod portion associated with the crankshaft and a second connecting rod portion associated with the engine piston; a cylinder is formed in one connecting rod portion, and the other connecting rod portion is equipped with a piston which is arranged so as to be able to slide in the cylinder and which delimits at least one hydraulic pressure chamber according to the position of the piston in the cylinder. According to the invention, in order for the connecting rod to be able to be brought into intermediate positions in addition to a short and a long connecting rod length, the hydraulic chambers can be blocked by one respective discharge valve such that the piston can be brought into a central position in which same delimits two hydraulic pressure chambers.

Description

Längenverstellbares Pleuel für einen Kolbenmotor  Length adjustable connecting rod for a piston engine
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein längenverstellbares Pleuel für einen Kolbenmotor, mit einem der Kurbelwelle zugeordneten ersten Pleuelabschnitt und einem dem Motorkolben zugeordneten zweiten Pleuelabschnitt, wobei in einem Pleuelabschnitt ein Zylinder ausgebildet ist, während der andere Pleuelabschnitt mit einem Kolben versehen ist, der in dem Zylinder verschiebbar angeordnet ist und entsprechend seiner Stellung in dem Zylinder mindestens eine hydraulische Druckkammer begrenzt. The invention relates to a length-adjustable connecting rod for a piston engine, having a first connecting rod portion associated with the crankshaft and a second connecting rod portion associated with the engine piston, wherein a cylinder is formed in a connecting rod portion, while the other connecting rod portion is provided with a piston in the cylinder slidably disposed and limited according to its position in the cylinder at least one hydraulic pressure chamber.
Ein solches, längenverstellbares Pleuel ist beispielsweise aus der WO2015/055582 bekannt. Bei dem dortigen Pleuel kann der Kolben zwei Stellungen einnehmen, in denen er jeweils gegen einen mechanischen Anschlag fährt und durch die auf der anderen Seite des Anschlages gebildete Druckkammer hydraulisch verriegelt wird. Such a length-adjustable connecting rod is known, for example, from WO2015 / 055582. In the local connecting rod of the piston can take two positions in which he drives each against a mechanical stop and is hydraulically locked by the pressure chamber formed on the other side of the stop.
Diese Art der Längenverstellung des Pleuels hat den Vorteil, dass durch den mechanischen Anschlag beide Stellungen klar definiert sind, so dass sich den beiden Stellungen ein eindeutiges Verdichtungsverhältnis zuordnen lässt. This type of length adjustment of the connecting rod has the advantage that both positions are clearly defined by the mechanical stop, so that the two positions can be assigned a unique compression ratio.
Allerdings lassen sich nicht sämtliche Verdichtungsverhältnisse durch zwei Pleuellängen abbilden, so dass es wünschenswert wäre, auch Zwischenstellungen zu realisieren. However, not all compression ratios can be represented by two connecting rod lengths, so that it would be desirable to also realize intermediate positions.
Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein längenverstellbares Pleuel der eingangs genannten Art so weiterzubilden, dass das Pleuel zwischen der kurzen und der langen Pleuellänge auch Zwischenstellungen einnehmen kann. The invention is therefore the object of developing a length-adjustable connecting rod of the type mentioned so that the connecting rod between the short and the long rod length can also occupy intermediate positions.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, dass die hydraulischen Druckkammern über je ein Ablaufventil verriegelbar sind, so dass der Kolben eine Mittelstellung einnehmen kann, in der er zwei hydraulische Druckkammern begrenzt. This object is achieved in that the hydraulic pressure chambers are each lockable via a drain valve, so that the piston can assume a central position in which it limits two hydraulic pressure chambers.
Diese Lösung sieht vor, dass man für die Mittelstellung bewusst auf einen mechanischen Anschlag verzichtet. Zumindest für die Zwischenstellungen gibt man damit den Vorteil auf, dass eine bestimmte Pleuellänge durch einen mechanischen und damit klar definierten Anschlag bestimmt ist. Andererseits gewinnt man den Vorteil, dass man die Pleuellänge und damit das Verdichtungsverhältnis des Motors an die jeweiligen Betriebszu- stände besser anpassen kann. Bevorzugt sind die beiden Pleuelabschnitte teleskopartig ineinander gesteckt. Die Verwendung eines hydraulisch zu verstellenden Exzenters, bevorzugt im kleinen Pleuelauge, ist ebenfalls möglich. This solution provides that one deliberately dispenses with a mechanical stop for the middle position. At least for the intermediate positions, this gives the advantage that a certain connecting rod length is determined by a mechanical and thus clearly defined stop. On the other hand, one gains the advantage that one can better adapt the connecting rod length and thus the compression ratio of the engine to the respective operating conditions. Preferably, the two connecting rod sections are telescopic stuck together. The use of a hydraulically adjusted eccentric, preferably in the small connecting rod, is also possible.
Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist jede Druckkammer mit einem Zulaufrückschlagventil verbunden, welches den Zufluss des Hydraulikmediums gestattet, den Ab- fluss hingegen sperrt. Die Kombination mit den steuerbaren Ablaufventilen bewirkt, dass bei einer Sperrung der Druckkammern zwar kein Hydraulikmedium entweichen kann, allerdings zufließen kann. Mit anderen Worten bedeutet das, dass etwaige Leckverluste in den Druckkammern ausgeglichen werden. According to a preferred embodiment, each pressure chamber is connected to an inlet check valve, which allows the inflow of the hydraulic medium, the drain, however, blocks. The combination with the controllable drain valves causes that when a blockage of the pressure chambers, although no hydraulic medium can escape, but can flow. In other words, this means that any leakage in the pressure chambers are compensated.
Besonders bevorzugt ist eine Weiterbildung der Erfindung, wonach die beiden Druckkammern parallel zu den Zulaufrückschlagventilen mit einem 3/3-Wegeventil in Verbindung stehen, wobei das 3/3-Wegeventil Particularly preferred is a development of the invention, according to which the two pressure chambers are parallel to the inlet check valves with a 3/3-way valve in connection, the 3/3-way valve
- in einer ersten Schaltstellung den Abfluss der einen Druckkammer sperrt und den Abfluss der anderen Druckkammer erlaubt, in a first switching position blocks the outflow of one pressure chamber and allows the outflow of the other pressure chamber,
- in einer zweiten Schaltstellung den Abfluss beider Druckkammern sperrt und - In a second switching position blocks the outflow of both pressure chambers and
- in einer dritten Schaltstellung den Abfluss der anderen Druckkammer sperrt und den Abfluss der einen Druckkammer freigibt. - Locks the outflow of the other pressure chamber in a third switching position and the outflow of a pressure chamber releases.
Auf diese Weise ist es einfach möglich, das längenverstellbare Pleuel zum einen kurz und zum anderen lang einzustellen, und durch Sperren beider Druckkammern in jeder Mittelstellung zu arretieren. In this way, it is easily possible to adjust the length-adjustable connecting rod for a short and the other long, and to lock by locking both pressure chambers in each middle position.
Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist das Hydraulikmedium Motoröl, so dass das längenverstellbare Pleuel einfach an die Motorölversorgung angeschlossen werden kann. According to a preferred embodiment, the hydraulic medium is engine oil, so that the length-adjustable connecting rod can be easily connected to the engine oil supply.
Günstig ist auch, wenn die Ablaufventile als Magnetsteuerventile ausgebildet sind. So kann während des Betriebs des Motors durch einfaches Ansteuern der Magnetventile die Pleuellänge eingestellt werden. It is also advantageous if the drain valves are designed as solenoid control valves. Thus, during operation of the engine by simply driving the solenoid valves, the connecting rod length can be adjusted.
Hierbei ist es besonders vorteilhaft, wenn die Ablaufventile ansteuerbar ausgestaltet sind, wobei ein Klopfsensor in die Ansteuerung der Ablaufventile eingebunden ist. Dadurch lässt sich der Motor stets nahe an der Klopfgrenze betreiben. Das Einstellen der Längenverstellung des Pleuels lässt sich auf einfache Weise über die Dauer der Ansteuerung der Ablaufventile regeln. It is particularly advantageous if the drain valves are designed to be controllable, wherein a knock sensor is involved in the control of the drain valves. As a result, the engine can always operate close to the knock limit. Adjusting the length adjustment of the connecting rod can be easily controlled over the duration of the control of the drain valves.
Diese Art der Ansteuerung der Ablaufventile ermöglicht es in vorteilhafter Weise auch, dass die Längenverstellung des Pleuels in Abhängigkeit weiterer Motorkenndaten wir Drehzahl, Last, Verbrauch und Geschwindigkeit erfolgt. This type of control of the drain valves also makes it possible in an advantageous manner that the length adjustment of the connecting rod in dependence on other engine characteristics we speed, load, consumption and speed takes place.
Im Folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand einer einzigen Zeichnung näher erläutert. In the following the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to a single drawing.
Die Zeichnung zeigt schematisch ein längenverstellbares Pleuel 1 für einen Hubkolbenmotor. Das Pleuel 1 umfasst einen ersten Pleuelabschnitt 2, welcher einen radial abstehenden Zylinder 3 umfasst, in den ein zweiter Pleuelabschnitt 4 mit einem Kolben 5 teleskopartig eingesteckt ist. Der zweite Pleuelabschnitt 4 weist eine Kolbenstange 6 auf, die den Kolben 5 mit dem kleinen Pleuelauge 7, welches dem Motorkolben des Verbrennungsmotors zugeordnet ist, verbindet. Der Zylinder 3 ist mit einem Zylinderdeckel 8 versehen, der zugleich als oberer Anschlag für den Kolben 5 dient. Den unteren Anschlag des Kolbens 5 bildet der Zylinderboden 9. Der Kolben 5 ist in der Zeichnung in einer Zwischenstellung gezeigt, in der das längenverstellbare Pleuel 1 ebenfalls eine Zwischenstellung zwischen der größten und der kleinsten Länge einnimmt. In dieser Stellung unterteilt der doppelt wirkende Kolben 5 den Zylinder in zwei Druckkammern 10 und 11 , die mit Motoröl gefüllt sind. Jede der Druckkammern 10, 11 ist mit einer Ölleitung 12 bzw. 3 an die Motorölversorgung des Verbrennungsmotors angeschlossen. In den Ölleitungen 12 und 13 befinden sich Rückschlagventile 14, 15, die den Zulauf von Öl in die Druckkammern 10 und 11 erlauben, den Abfluss aus diesen Kammern jedoch sperren. Parallel zu den Rückschlagventilen 14 und 15 zweigen die Ölleitungen 12 und 13 zu einem 3/3- Wegeventil ab, durch welches wahlweise der Ablauf einer Druckkammer 0 bzw. 1 1 oder auch beider Druckkammern 10 und 11 gesperrt werden kann. In der in der Zeichnung dargestellten Stellung des 3/3-Wegeventils 16 ist der Ablauf der oberen Druckkammer 1 geöffnet, während der Ablauf der unteren Druckkammer 10 gesperrt ist. In dieser Stellung des 3/3-Wegeventils sorgen die Massenkräfte des Motors dafür, dass sich der Kolben 5 nach oben in Richtung des durch den Zylinderdeckel 8 gebildeten Anschlags bewegt. Die Gasdruckkräfte des Motors, die eigentlich dafür sorgen würden, dass sich der Kolben nach unten bewegt, werden durch den gesperrten Druckraum 10 gehindert. Der Druckraum 10 füllt sich zwar weiter mit Motoröl, wenn der Kolben sich nach oben bewegt, das Öl kann allerdings nicht abfließen. Das längenverstellbare Pleuel 1 nimmt also in dieser Stellung des 3/3-Wegeventils seine längste Länge ein. The drawing shows schematically a length-adjustable connecting rod 1 for a reciprocating engine. The connecting rod 1 comprises a first connecting rod section 2, which comprises a radially projecting cylinder 3, in which a second connecting rod section 4 is inserted with a piston 5 telescopically. The second connecting rod section 4 has a piston rod 6, which connects the piston 5 with the small connecting rod eye 7, which is assigned to the engine piston of the internal combustion engine. The cylinder 3 is provided with a cylinder cover 8, which also serves as an upper stop for the piston 5. The piston 5 is shown in the drawing in an intermediate position in which the length-adjustable connecting rod 1 also occupies an intermediate position between the largest and the smallest length. In this position, the double-acting piston 5 divides the cylinder into two pressure chambers 10 and 11 which are filled with engine oil. Each of the pressure chambers 10, 11 is connected to an oil line 12 or 3 to the engine oil supply of the internal combustion engine. In the oil lines 12 and 13 are check valves 14, 15 which allow the supply of oil into the pressure chambers 10 and 11, but block the outflow from these chambers. Parallel to the check valves 14 and 15 branch off the oil lines 12 and 13 to a 3/3-way valve, through which either the flow of a pressure chamber 0 or 1 1 or both pressure chambers 10 and 11 can be locked. In the position of the 3/3-way valve 16 shown in the drawing, the flow of the upper pressure chamber 1 is opened, while the flow of the lower pressure chamber 10 is locked. In this position of the 3/3-way valve, the mass forces of the engine ensure that the piston 5 moves upward in the direction of the stop formed by the cylinder cover 8. The gas pressure forces of the engine, which would actually ensure that the piston moves down, are prevented by the locked pressure chamber 10. Although the pressure chamber 10 continues to fill with engine oil when the piston moves upward, the However, oil can not drain away. The length-adjustable connecting rod 1 thus assumes its longest length in this position of the 3/3-way valve.
Wenn aufgrund von ermittelten Motordaten die Pleuellänge verkürzt werden soll, was beispielsweise dann der Fall ist, wenn der Motor zum Klopfen neigt, wird das 3/3-Wegen- ventil vollständig nach links geschoben, so dass die untere Druckkammer 10 geöffnet wird und das dort befindliche Motoröl abfließen kann, während der Ablauf der oberen Druckkammer 1 gesperrt wird. Auf diese Weise kann sich der Kolben nach unten bewegen, bis die Klopfgrenze unterschritten wird. Sollte das vor Erreichen des unteren Anschlags passieren, kann die Motorsteuerung vorsehen, dass das 3/3-Wegenventil in die Mittelstellung gefahren wird, in der sowohl die obere Druckkammer 11 als auch die untere Druckkammer 10 gesperrt sind. Das längenverstellbare Pleuel nimmt eine Mittelstellung ein. Hierdurch kann der Motor stets nah an der Klopfgrenze betrieben werden. If, due to determined motor data, the connecting rod length is to be shortened, which is the case, for example, when the engine tends to knock, the 3/3-way valve is pushed completely to the left, so that the lower pressure chamber 10 is opened and there located engine oil can flow while the flow of the upper pressure chamber 1 is blocked. In this way, the piston can move down until the knock limit is reached. Should this happen before reaching the lower stop, the engine control can provide that the 3/3-way valve is moved to the middle position in which both the upper pressure chamber 11 and the lower pressure chamber 10 are locked. The length-adjustable connecting rod assumes a middle position. As a result, the engine can always be operated close to the knock limit.
Bezugszeichenliste LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS
1 Pleuel 1 connecting rod
2 erster Pleuelabschnitt 2 first connecting rod section
3 Zylinder 3 cylinders
4 zweiter Pleuelabschnitt 4 second connecting rod section
5 Kolben 5 pistons
6 Kolbenstange  6 piston rod
7 Pleuelauge  7 connecting eye
8 Zylinderdeckel  8 cylinder cover
9 Zylinderboden  9 cylinder bottom
10 Druckkammer  10 pressure chamber
11 Druckkammer  11 pressure chamber
12 Ölleitung  12 oil line
13 Ölleitung  13 oil line
14 Zulaufrückschlagventil 14 inlet check valve
15 Zulaufrückschlagventil15 inlet check valve
16 3/3-Wegeventil 16 3/3-way valve

Claims

Ansprüche claims
1. Längenverstellbares Pleuel (1) für einen Kolbenmotor, mit einem der Kurbelwelle zugeordneten ersten Pleuelabschnitt (2) und einem dem Motorkolben zugeordneten zweiten Pleuelabschnitt (4), wobei in einem Pleuelabschnitt ein Zylinder (3) ausgebildet ist, während der andere Pleuelabschnitt mit einem Kolben (5) versehen ist, der in dem Zylinder (3) verschiebbar angeordnet ist und entsprechend seiner Stellung in dem Zylinder mindestens eine hydraulische Druckkammer (10, 11 ) begrenzt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die hydraulischen Druckkammern (10, 11 ) über je ein Ablaufventil (16) verriegelbar sind, so dass der Kolben eine Mittelstellung einnehmen kann, in der er zwei hydraulische Druckkammern (10, 11 ) begrenzt. 1. length-adjustable connecting rod (1) for a piston engine, with a crankshaft associated first connecting rod portion (2) and a motor piston associated second connecting rod portion (4), wherein in a connecting rod a cylinder (3) is formed, while the other connecting rod portion with a Piston (5) is provided, which is arranged displaceably in the cylinder (3) and limited according to its position in the cylinder at least one hydraulic pressure chamber (10, 11), characterized in that the hydraulic pressure chambers (10, 11) via a respective Drain valve (16) are lockable, so that the piston can assume a central position in which it limits two hydraulic pressure chambers (10, 11).
2. Längenverstellbares Pleuel nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, jede Druckkammer mit einem Zulaufrückschlagventil (14, 15) verbunden ist, welches den Zufluss des Hydraulikmediums gestattet, den Abfluss hingegen sperrt. 2. Length-adjustable connecting rod according to claim 1, characterized in that each pressure chamber with an inlet check valve (14, 15) is connected, which allows the inflow of the hydraulic medium, the drain, however, blocks.
3. Längenverstellbares Pleuel nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Druckkammern (10, 11) parallel zu den Zulaufrückschlagventilen (14, 15) mit einem 3/3- Wegeventil (16) in Verbindung stehen, wobei das 3/3-Wegeventil in einer ersten Schaltstellung den Abfluss der einen Druckkammer (10) sperrt und den Abfluss der anderen Druckkammer (11) erlaubt, in einer zweiten Schaltstellung den Abfluss beider Druckkammern (10, 11) sperrt, und in einer dritten Schaltstellung den Abfluss der anderen Druckkammer (11) sperrt und den Abfluss der einen Druckkammer (10) freigibt. 3. Length-adjustable connecting rod according to claim 2, characterized in that the pressure chambers (10, 11) parallel to the inlet check valves (14, 15) with a 3/3-way valve (16) are in communication, wherein the 3/3-way valve in a first switching position blocks the outflow of a pressure chamber (10) and allows the outflow of the other pressure chamber (11) in a second switching position the outflow of both pressure chambers (10, 11) blocks, and in a third switching position the outflow of the other pressure chamber (11 ) blocks and the outflow of a pressure chamber (10) releases.
4. Längenverstellbares Pleuel nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Hydraulikmedium Motoröl ist. 4. Length-adjustable connecting rod according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the hydraulic medium is engine oil.
5. Längenverstellbares Pleuel nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Ablaufventile als Magnetsteuerventile (16) ausgebildet sind. 5. Length-adjustable connecting rod according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the drain valves are designed as solenoid control valves (16).
6. Längenverstellbares Pleuel nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Ablaufventile ansteuerbar ausgestaltet sind, wobei ein Klopfsensor in die Ansteuerung der Ablaufventile eingebunden ist.7. Längenverstellbares Pleuel nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Steuerung der Längenverstellung des Pleuels (1 ) über die Dauer der Ansteuerung der Ablaufventile erfolgt. 6. Length-adjustable connecting rod according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the drain valves are designed to be controllable, wherein a knock sensor in the control of the drain valves is integrated. Length-adjustable connecting rod according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the control of the length adjustment of the connecting rod (1) over the duration of the control of the drain valves.
7. Längenverstellbares Pleuel nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Steuerung der Längenverstellung des Pleuels (1) in Abhängigkeit weiterer Motorkenndaten, wie Drehzahl, Last, Verbrauch und Geschwindigkeit, erfolgt. 7. Length-adjustable connecting rod according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the control of the length adjustment of the connecting rod (1) in response to other engine characteristics, such as speed, load, consumption and speed occurs.
PCT/EP2018/000186 2017-04-10 2018-04-10 Longitudinally adjustable connecting rod for a piston engine WO2018188793A1 (en)

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AT519805B1 (en) 2020-02-15
DE102017107731A1 (en) 2018-10-11
CN110582625B (en) 2021-10-29
AT519805A3 (en) 2019-02-15
AT519805A2 (en) 2018-10-15

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