WO2018188501A1 - 一种数模转换器 - Google Patents

一种数模转换器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018188501A1
WO2018188501A1 PCT/CN2018/081772 CN2018081772W WO2018188501A1 WO 2018188501 A1 WO2018188501 A1 WO 2018188501A1 CN 2018081772 W CN2018081772 W CN 2018081772W WO 2018188501 A1 WO2018188501 A1 WO 2018188501A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
current
switch
switch group
current source
digital
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PCT/CN2018/081772
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
侯晨龙
邸岳淼
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华为技术有限公司
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Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to EP18783756.2A priority Critical patent/EP3579422A4/en
Publication of WO2018188501A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018188501A1/zh
Priority to US16/580,182 priority patent/US10998912B2/en

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H03ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03MCODING; DECODING; CODE CONVERSION IN GENERAL
    • H03M1/00Analogue/digital conversion; Digital/analogue conversion
    • H03M1/06Continuously compensating for, or preventing, undesired influence of physical parameters
    • H03M1/08Continuously compensating for, or preventing, undesired influence of physical parameters of noise
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H03ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03MCODING; DECODING; CODE CONVERSION IN GENERAL
    • H03M1/00Analogue/digital conversion; Digital/analogue conversion
    • H03M1/06Continuously compensating for, or preventing, undesired influence of physical parameters
    • H03M1/08Continuously compensating for, or preventing, undesired influence of physical parameters of noise
    • H03M1/0845Continuously compensating for, or preventing, undesired influence of physical parameters of noise of power supply variations, e.g. ripple
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H03ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03FAMPLIFIERS
    • H03F3/00Amplifiers with only discharge tubes or only semiconductor devices as amplifying elements
    • H03F3/45Differential amplifiers
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H03ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03MCODING; DECODING; CODE CONVERSION IN GENERAL
    • H03M1/00Analogue/digital conversion; Digital/analogue conversion
    • H03M1/001Analogue/digital/analogue conversion
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H03ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03MCODING; DECODING; CODE CONVERSION IN GENERAL
    • H03M1/00Analogue/digital conversion; Digital/analogue conversion
    • H03M1/66Digital/analogue converters
    • H03M1/74Simultaneous conversion
    • H03M1/742Simultaneous conversion using current sources as quantisation value generators
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H03ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03MCODING; DECODING; CODE CONVERSION IN GENERAL
    • H03M1/00Analogue/digital conversion; Digital/analogue conversion
    • H03M1/66Digital/analogue converters
    • H03M1/74Simultaneous conversion
    • H03M1/76Simultaneous conversion using switching tree
    • H03M1/765Simultaneous conversion using switching tree using a single level of switches which are controlled by unary decoded digital signals
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H03ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03MCODING; DECODING; CODE CONVERSION IN GENERAL
    • H03M1/00Analogue/digital conversion; Digital/analogue conversion
    • H03M1/66Digital/analogue converters

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of circuits and, more particularly, to a digital to analog converter.
  • Digital-to-analog converters are capable of converting discrete digital quantities into analog analog inputs. They are widely used in computers, communications, and other fields.
  • the existing current rudder structure is divided into two types: a bilateral switch type and a single side switch type.
  • the bilateral switch-type structure has a large number of switches, and the switching delay mismatch brings about a deterioration in dynamic performance.
  • the single-sided switch structure avoids switching delays while reducing power consumption.
  • the single-sided switch type structure only has a switching switch on the charging current (or discharge current), and the other side is a fixed two-way static discharge current sink (or charging current source), and the sum of the two quiescent currents is equal to switching.
  • the current of the switch That is to say, in order to achieve the same output signal amplitude as the double-change switching type structure, twice the quiescent current overhead is required, and the noise is also multiplied.
  • the present application provides a digital to analog converter capable of reducing noise generated by quiescent current.
  • a first current source module for supplying a current I 1 to the digital to analog converter
  • a first switch control module configured to control on or off between each branch and the transimpedance amplifier in the digital-to-analog converter according to a digital signal to be converted, the current provided by the first current source module I 1 flows through the conducting branch transimpedance amplifier;
  • the transimpedance amplifier is configured to convert the current I 1 provided by the first current source module into an analog voltage, and output the analog voltage.
  • the quiescent current flows through the transimpedance amplifier by completely removing the second current source module, thereby reducing the noise generated by the quiescent current in the digital-to-analog converter.
  • the quiescent current is reduced, and the noise generated by the quiescent current is greatly reduced under the condition of ensuring the same output signal amplitude without increasing the circuit complexity.
  • the bilateral switch type current rudder structure the power consumption caused by the quiescent current is greatly saved.
  • the common mode voltage of the output of the transimpedance amplifier is different from the common mode voltage of the input of the transimpedance amplifier.
  • the quiescent current is not removed by the second current source module, the quiescent current flows entirely through the transimpedance amplifier, ie, the quiescent current is not removed at all, resulting in a difference in the common mode voltage between the input and output of the transimpedance amplifier.
  • the first current source module includes N first current sources respectively disposed in the N current rudders
  • the first switch control module includes N first ones respectively disposed in the N current rudders a switch group and N second switch groups, wherein a first end of the ith first switch group and an ith second of the N second switch groups of the N first switch groups a first end of the switch group is respectively connected to an ith first current source of the N current sources, and a second end of each of the N first switch groups is connected to the cross resistance a first input end of the amplifier, a second end of each of the N second switch groups is connected to a second input end of the transimpedance amplifier, and the current I provided by the first current source module 1 is the sum of the currents supplied by the N first current sources, i ⁇ [1, N], i, N are all natural numbers greater than or equal to 1.
  • each of the first switch groups includes at least one P-type metal oxide semiconductor field effect MOS transistor
  • each of the second switch groups includes at least one P-type MOS transistor
  • the first switch group The first end of the first switch group and the first end of the second switch group respectively correspond to the source of the P-type MOS transistor, and the second end of the first switch group and the second end of the second switch group respectively Corresponding to the drain of the P-type MOS transistor.
  • the first end of the xth third switch group of the R third switch groups, and the first end of the xth fourth switch group of the R fourth switch groups are respectively connected to the a first one of the R first current sinks, a second end of each of the R third switch groups being coupled to the first input of the transimpedance amplifier a second end of each of the four fourth switch groups is connected to a second input end of the transimpedance amplifier, and the first current source module provides a current I 1 by the R
  • the sum of the currents supplied by the first current sink, x ⁇ [1, R], x, R are natural numbers greater than or equal to 1.
  • the digital-to-analog converter of the embodiment of the present application includes a digital-to-analog converter for converting a single-bit digital signal and a digital-to-analog converter for converting a multi-bit digital signal.
  • each of the third switch groups includes at least one N-type MOS transistor
  • each of the fourth switch groups includes at least one N-type MOS transistor
  • the first end of the third switch group and the first The first ends of the four switch groups respectively correspond to the sources of the N-type MOS transistors
  • the second ends of the third switch group and the second ends of the fourth switch group respectively correspond to the N-type MOS tubes The drain.
  • a first switch control module configured to control on or off between each branch and the transimpedance amplifier in the digital-to-analog converter according to a digital signal to be converted, the current provided by the first current source module I 1 flows into the second current source module and the transimpedance amplifier via the conducting branches;
  • the second current source module is configured to adjust a quiescent current I 2 flowing through the second current source module to control a common mode current flowing through the transimpedance amplifier;
  • the transimpedance amplifier is configured to convert a current flowing through to an analog voltage, and output the analog voltage;
  • the current I 1 provided by the first current source module and the quiescent current I 2 flowing through the second current source module satisfy: 0 ⁇ I 2 ⁇ I 1 .
  • the quiescent current flowing through the second current source module is reduced or even completely zero by adjusting the second current source module to reduce the noise generated by the quiescent current in the digital-to-analog converter.
  • the quiescent current is reduced, and the noise generated by the quiescent current is greatly reduced under the condition of ensuring the same output signal amplitude without increasing the circuit complexity.
  • the power consumption caused by the quiescent current is greatly saved.
  • the common mode voltage of the output of the transimpedance amplifier is different from the common mode voltage of the input of the transimpedance amplifier.
  • the quiescent current is partially removed by the second current source module or the quiescent current is not removed, some or all of the quiescent current flows through the transimpedance amplifier, ie, the quiescent current is not completely removed or not removed at all, thereby causing the transimpedance amplifier.
  • the common mode voltages at the input and output are different.
  • the first current source module includes N first current sources respectively disposed in the N current rudders
  • the first switch control module includes N first ones respectively disposed in the N current rudders a switch group and N second switch groups, wherein a first end of the ith first switch group and an ith second of the N second switch groups of the N first switch groups a first end of the switch group is respectively connected to an ith first current source of the N current sources, and a second end of each of the N first switch groups is connected to the cross resistance a first input end of the amplifier, a second end of each of the N second switch groups is connected to a second input end of the transimpedance amplifier, and the current I provided by the first current source module 1 is the sum of the currents supplied by the N first current sources, i ⁇ [1, N], i, N are all natural numbers greater than or equal to 1.
  • the digital-to-analog converter of the embodiment of the present application includes a digital-to-analog converter for converting a single-bit digital signal and a digital-to-analog converter for converting a multi-bit digital signal.
  • the second current source module includes M first controllable current sinks connected to the first input end of the transimpedance amplifier and M second selectables connected to the second input end of the transimpedance amplifier Control current sinking,
  • the quiescent current I 2 flowing through the second current source module is the sum of the current flowing through the M first controllable current sinks and the current flowing through the M second controllable current sinks, M Is a natural number greater than or equal to 1.
  • each of the first one controllable current sinks includes a fifth switch group and a second current sink
  • each of the M second controllable current sinks includes a sixth switch group and a third current sink
  • the fifth switch group is configured to control the third current sink and the first current source module and the cross Turning on or off between the impedance amplifiers
  • the sixth switch group is configured to control the third current sink and Turning on or off between the first current source module and the transimpedance amplifier, j ⁇ [1, M], j is a natural number
  • a fifth switch group having at least one first controllable current sink in the M first controllable current sinks is in an on state
  • the M second controllable current sinks have at least one second controllable current
  • the quiescent current I 2 flowing through the second current source module and the current I 1 supplied from the first current source module satisfy 0 ⁇ I 2 ⁇ I 1 .
  • the first current source module includes R first current sinks respectively disposed in the R current rudders
  • the first switch control module includes R first ones respectively disposed in the R current rudders a three-switch group and five fourth switch groups
  • each of the S first controllable current sources includes a seventh switch group and a second current source
  • each of the S second controllable current sources comprises an eighth switch group and a third current source
  • the seventh switch group is configured to control the second current source and the first current source module and Turning on or off between the transimpedance amplifiers
  • the eighth switch group is configured to control the third current Turning on or off between the source and the first current source module and the transimpedance amplifier, y ⁇ [1, S], y is a natural number
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic block diagram of a digital to analog converter.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a digital-to-analog converter having a single-sided switching type current steering structure.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic block diagram of a digital to analog converter in accordance with another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a digital to analog converter according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • ABB 12 perform digital-to-analog conversion on the digital-to-analog converter (DAC, which will be described later in detail in Figure 2) in ABB 12 to obtain an analog baseband I/Q signal.
  • the analog baseband I/Q signal is sent to RF FE 13.
  • the RE FE 13 is quadrature modulated and upconverted to the RF band and finally transmitted via the antenna 14.
  • the digital-to-analog converter 20 includes a digital-to-analog signal interface 21, a current steering structure 22, and a transimpedance amplifier 23.
  • the digital-analog interface 21 can pre-process the received digital signal (specifically, the digital baseband I/Q signal), for example, performing alignment, transcoding, etc. to generate a digital signal to be converted (ie, a switch) Control Data (Switch Control Data)).
  • the current rudder structure 22 After receiving the digital signal to be converted, the current rudder structure 22 can control the turn-on or turn-off of each branch and the transimpedance amplifier in the current rudder structure according to the specific value of the digital signal, so that different branches are The current signal flows through the transimpedance amplifier 23. Then, the analog current signal flowing through the transimpedance amplifier is converted into an analog voltage signal by a resistor connected in parallel between the input terminal and the output terminal of the transimpedance amplifier 23, and the analog voltage signal is output to the radio frequency transceiver.
  • the current rudder structure mainly includes two types of structures: a bilateral switch type and a single side switch type.
  • 3 is a schematic structural view of a digital-to-analog converter having a single-sided switching type current steering structure.
  • the digital-to-analog converter 30 includes a current source 31, a switch transistor #A 32, a switch transistor #B 33, a current sink #A 34, a current sink #B 35, and a transimpedance amplifier 36.
  • the current source 31, the switch tube #A 32, the switch tube #B 33, the current sink #A 34, and the current sink #B 35 constitute a current steering structure.
  • any two variables can be decomposed into common mode components and differential mode components.
  • the current flowing through the transimpedance amplifier through the input terminal #A and the input terminal #B can also be decomposed into a common mode current and a differential mode current.
  • the mode current is (I A + I B ) /2
  • the differential mode current is (I A - I B ) /2.
  • the common mode current is constant, and different analog voltages are output by the change of the differential mode current to indicate different digital signals.
  • the quiescent current can be understood as the constant current in the current rudder structure.
  • the quiescent current is the common mode current. That is to say, the quiescent current is completely extracted by the current sink, and only the differential mode current flows through the transimpedance amplifier to obtain an analog voltage.
  • the current sink #A and current sink #B of the prior art digital-to-analog converter can be completely removed, or completely removed for quiescent current.
  • the extracted modules ie, may correspond to the second current source module described later in this application).
  • the transimpedance amplifier 43 is for converting a current flowing (which can be understood, that is, a current I 1 supplied from the first current source module 41) into an analog voltage, and outputs the analog voltage.
  • a current flowing which can be understood, that is, a current I 1 supplied from the first current source module 41
  • the digital-to-analog converter completes the conversion of the digital signal to the analog signal.
  • the first current source module includes N first current sources respectively disposed in the N current rudders
  • the first switch control module includes the N currents respectively configured N first switch groups and N second switch groups in the rudder, wherein the first end of the ith first switch group and the first of the N second switch groups of the N first switch groups
  • the first ends of the i second switch groups are respectively connected to the ith first current source of the N current sources, and the second end of each of the N first switch groups is connected to the cross a first input end of the resistive amplifier, a second end of each of the N second switch groups is connected to a second input end of the transimpedance amplifier, and the current I 1 provided by the first current source module is
  • the sum of the currents supplied by the N first current sources, i ⁇ [1, N], i, N are all natural numbers greater than or equal to 1.
  • each switch group in the first switch control module includes at least one switch tube.
  • the switch transistor is a Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor (MOS) tube.
  • the MOS tube may be a P-type MOS tube.
  • the source of each MOS transistor is connected (or correspondingly) to the first end of the first switch group, and the drain of each MOS transistor is connected to the second end of the first switch group.
  • the source of each MOS transistor is connected to the first end of the second switch group, and the drain of each MOS transistor is connected to the second end of the second switch group.
  • the first end of the first switch group is coupled to the first current source, and the second end of the first switch group is coupled to the first input of the transimpedance amplifier.
  • the first end of the second switch group is coupled to the first current source, and the second end of the second switch group is coupled to the second input of the transimpedance amplifier.
  • the current I 1 provided by the first current source is 2I
  • the first switch group is in an on state
  • the second switch group is in an off state
  • the current of the 2I passes through the first branch, via the first switch group, and across
  • the first input of the ohmic amplifier flows into the transimpedance amplifier.
  • the two input terminals of the transimpedance amplifier are short-circuited, assuming that the input voltage is V 0 and the resistance of the transimpedance amplifier is R, then the first of the transimpedance amplifiers corresponding to the first branch
  • the analog voltage output by the transimpedance amplifier is different corresponding to the digital signal "1" or "0".
  • V 1 V com +IR
  • the common mode voltage at the input of the transimpedance amplifier is different from the common mode voltage at the output.
  • the quiescent current is not removed by the current sink, the desired analog voltage can still be obtained by using a transimpedance amplifier that matches the common mode voltage of the input and output to indicate a different digital signal.
  • each current rudder includes a first current source, a first switch group, and a second switch group.
  • the N current rudders constitute a current rudder structure, and each current rudder can be understood as a unit in the current rudder structure.
  • the current steering structure can include two branches (eg, a first branch and a second branch).
  • the first end of the first switch group and the first end of the second switch group are respectively connected to the first current source.
  • the second ends of the N first switch groups are respectively connected to the first input end of the transimpedance amplifier, and the second ends of the N second switch groups are respectively connected to the second input end of the transimpedance amplifier. That is, the first switch group in each current rudder is disposed in the first branch, the second switch group in each current rudder is disposed in the second branch, and the first input end of the transimpedance amplifier is connected to the first branch The second input of the transimpedance amplifier is coupled to the second branch.
  • the current I 1 provided by the first current source module 710 is the sum of the currents provided by the N first current sources. Assuming that each first current source provides a current 2I, by controlling the turn-on or turn-off of the N first switch groups and the N second switch groups, the current output of the first current source module can be realized at [0, 2NI Adjust within the range of ].
  • the voltages outputted by the two output terminals of the transimpedance amplifier can be made different, and the obtained analog voltages are also different.
  • the digital signal "10" the analog signal is 4IR
  • the digital signal "11" the analog voltage is 0.
  • the currents in the first branch and the second branch can be adjusted in the range of [0, 8I], respectively.
  • the first branch and the second switch can be adjusted by the first switch group and the second switch group in different current rudders, respectively.
  • Current In order to avoid redundancy, a detailed description thereof will be omitted herein.
  • the digital-to-analog converter of the embodiment of the present application completely removes the second current source module, in other words, similar to controlling the quiescent current of the second current source module to zero, so that the quiescent current flows through the transimpedance amplifier. , thereby reducing the noise generated by the quiescent current in the digital-to-analog converter.
  • the quiescent current is reduced by 2I, and the noise generated by the quiescent current is greatly reduced under the condition of ensuring the same output signal amplitude without increasing the circuit complexity. .
  • the bilateral switch type current rudder structure the power consumption caused by the quiescent current is greatly saved.
  • the second type of digital-to-analog converter differs from the first type of digital-to-analog converter in that the second type of digital-to-analog converter provides a reverse current I 1 through the first current source module, and the current flowing through the first switch control module The direction is opposite to the direction of the current flowing through the first switch control module in the first type of digital to analog converter.
  • the current flows from the first current source module to the transimpedance amplifier via the first switch control module
  • the second type of digital-to-analog converter the current is passed through the transimpedance amplifier.
  • the first switch control module flows into the first current source module.
  • the first current source module includes R first current sinks respectively disposed in the R current rudders
  • the first switch control module includes respectively disposed in the R current rudders R third switch groups and R fourth switch groups, wherein the first end of the xth third switch group and the xth of the R fourth switch groups of the R third switch groups a first end of the fourth switch group is respectively connected to the xth first current sink in the R first current sinks, and a second end of each of the R third switch groups is connected to the second switch a first input end of the transimpedance amplifier, a second end of each of the R fourth switch groups is connected to a second input end of the transimpedance amplifier, and the current I provided by the first current source module 1 is the sum of the currents supplied by the R first current sinks, and x ⁇ [1, R], x, and R are all natural numbers greater than or equal to 1.
  • FIG. 7 is still another schematic structural diagram of a digital to analog converter 700A according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the digital to analog converter 700A includes a first current source module 710, a first switch control module 720, and a transimpedance amplifier 730.
  • the first current source module 710 includes a first current sink 711
  • the first switch control module 720 includes a third switch group 721 and a fourth switch group 722.
  • the first current source module 710 and the first switch control module 720 constitute a current steering structure.
  • the current steering structure may include two branches (for example, a first branch and a second branch, respectively), and the first current sink 711 is respectively disposed with the third switch group 721 disposed in the first branch and configured in the second
  • the fourth switch group 722 of the branch is connected, the third switch group 721 is coupled to the first input of the transimpedance amplifier 730, and the fourth switch group 722 is coupled to the second input of the transimpedance amplifier 730. That is, the first switch control module 720 controls the first branch and the transimpedance amplifier 730 to be turned on or off through the third switch group 721, and the first switch control module 720 controls the second through the fourth switch group 722.
  • the branch and transimpedance amplifier 730 are turned on or off.
  • each switch group in the first switch control module includes at least one switch tube.
  • the switch tube is a MOS tube.
  • the MOS tube may be an N-type MOS tube.
  • the source of each MOS transistor is connected to the first end of the third switch group, and the drain of each MOS transistor is connected to the second end of the third switch group.
  • the source of each MOS transistor is connected to the first end of the fourth switch group, and the drain of each MOS transistor is connected to the second end of the fourth switch group.
  • the first end of the third switch group is coupled to the third current sink, and the second end of the third switch group is coupled to the first input of the transimpedance amplifier.
  • the second end of the fourth switch group is coupled to the third current sink, and the second end of the fourth switch group is coupled to the second input of the transimpedance amplifier.
  • the reverse current I 1 provided by the first current sink is 2I
  • the third switch group is in an on state
  • the fourth switch group is in an off state
  • the current of the 2I passes through the first branch through the third switch group.
  • the first input of the transimpedance amplifier flows into the transimpedance amplifier.
  • the two input terminals of the transimpedance amplifier are short-circuited, assuming that the input voltage is V 0 and the resistance of the transimpedance amplifier is R, then the first of the transimpedance amplifiers corresponding to the first branch
  • the common mode voltage at the input of the transimpedance amplifier is different from the common mode voltage at the output.
  • the quiescent current is not removed by the current sink, the desired analog voltage can still be obtained by using a transimpedance amplifier that matches the common mode voltage of the input and output to indicate a different digital signal.
  • FIG. 8 is still another schematic structural diagram of a digital to analog converter 700B according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the digital to analog converter 700B includes a first current source module 810, a first switch control module 820, and a transimpedance amplifier 730.
  • the first current source module 810 includes R third current sinks 711 as shown in FIG. 7 respectively disposed in the R current rudders, and the first switch control modules are respectively disposed in the R current rudders.
  • R are the fifth switch group 721 and the sixth switch group 722 as shown in FIG.
  • each current rudder includes a first current source, a first switch group, and a second switch group.
  • the R current rudders constitute a current rudder structure, and each current rudder can be understood as a unit of the current rudder structure.
  • the current steering structure can include two branches (eg, a first branch and a second branch).
  • the first end of the third switch group and the first end of the fourth switch group are respectively connected to the third current sink.
  • the second ends of the R third switch groups are respectively connected to the first input end of the transimpedance amplifier, and the second ends of the R fourth switch groups are respectively connected to the second input end of the transimpedance amplifier. That is, the third switch group in each current rudder is disposed in the first branch, the fourth switch group in each current rudder is disposed in the second branch, and the first input end of the transimpedance amplifier is connected to the first branch The second input of the transimpedance amplifier is coupled to the second branch.
  • the current I 1 provided by the first current source module 810 is the sum of the currents provided by the R third current sinks. Assuming that each third current sink provides a current 2I, by controlling the turn-on or turn-off of the R third switch groups and the R fourth switch groups, the current output of the first current source module can be realized at [0, 2RI Adjust within the range of ].
  • the digital-to-analog conversion shown in the example is only described by taking the hot code form as an example.
  • the present invention should not be limited in any way.
  • the transcoding method in the digital-to-analog conversion process of the present application is not particularly limited.
  • the first branch and the second branch can be adjusted through the first switch group and the second switch group in different branches, respectively.
  • Current In order to avoid redundancy, a detailed description thereof will be omitted herein.
  • first current sink in each current rudder is similar to the function of the first current source described above in connection with FIG. 7, the third switch group, the fourth switch group, and the transimpedance amplifier in each current rudder.
  • the function has been described in detail above with reference to FIG. 7. For brevity, details are not described herein again.
  • the digital-to-analog converter of the embodiment of the present application completely removes the second current source module, in other words, it is similar to controlling the quiescent current flowing through the second current source module to zero, so that the quiescent current flows through the cross.
  • a resistor amplifier that reduces the noise generated by the quiescent current in the digital-to-analog converter.
  • the quiescent current is reduced by 2I, and the noise generated by the quiescent current is greatly reduced under the condition of ensuring the same output signal amplitude without increasing the circuit complexity. .
  • the bilateral switch type current rudder structure the power consumption caused by the quiescent current is greatly saved.
  • the quiescent current I 2 flowing through can be reduced by the adjustment of the second current source module, and even the quiescent current can be reduced to zero, that is, 0 ⁇ I 2 ⁇ I 1 .
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic block diagram of a digital to analog converter 60 in accordance with another embodiment of the present application.
  • the digital-to-analog converter 60 includes a first current source module 61, a first switch control module 62, a second current source module 63, and a transimpedance amplifier 64.
  • the first current source module 61, the first switch control module 62 and the second current source module 63 constitute a current steering structure.
  • the first current source module 61 is configured to provide a current I 1 for the current steering structure
  • the first switch control module 62 is configured to control each branch of the current steering structure and the transimpedance amplifier 64 according to the digital signal to be converted.
  • the second current source module 63 is configured to regulate a quiescent current I 2 flowing through to control a common mode current flowing through the transimpedance amplifier 64, the transimpedance amplifier 64 being used to flow a current (understandably, flowing through the cross).
  • the current of the resistive amplifier 64 is not necessarily the same as the current I 1 supplied from the first current source module) is converted into an analog voltage, and the analog voltage is output.
  • the digital-to-analog converter completes the conversion of the digital signal to the analog signal.
  • the first current source module 61 may correspond to the current source 31 in the digital-to-analog converter 30 of FIG. 3, and the first switch control module 62 may correspond to the switch tube in the digital-to-analog converter 30 of FIG. A 32 and switch tube #B 33, the second current source module 63 may correspond to the current sink #A 34 and the current sink #B 35 in the digital-to-analog converter 30 of FIG. 3, and the transimpedance amplifier 64 may correspond to FIG. Transimpedance amplifier 36 in digital to analog converter 30.
  • the digital-to-analog converter 60 of the embodiment of the present application is only described in order to facilitate understanding of the various modules of the digital-to-analog converter shown in FIG. 3, but this should not be construed as limiting the application.
  • the first switch control module can include more parallel switch tubes.
  • the quiescent current I 2 flowing through the second current source module and the current I 1 provided by the first current source module satisfy: 0 ⁇ I 2 ⁇ I 1 . That is, some or all of the quiescent current flows into the transimpedance amplifier, causing the common-mode voltage at the input of the transimpedance amplifier to be different from the common-mode voltage at the output. Therefore, the transimpedance amplifier in the embodiment of the present application is also different from the transimpedance amplifier shown in FIG.
  • the first current source module includes N first current sources respectively disposed in the N current rudders
  • the first switch control module includes respectively N first switch groups and N second switch groups disposed in the N current rudders, wherein the first ends of the ith first switch groups of the N first switch groups, the N a first end of the i-th second switch group of the two switch groups is respectively connected to an i-th first current source of the N current sources, and a first switch group of each of the N first switch groups The second end is connected to the first input end of the transimpedance amplifier, and the second end of each of the N second switch groups is connected to the second input end of the transimpedance amplifier, the first current source module
  • the supplied current I 1 is the sum of the currents supplied by the N first current sources, and i ⁇ [1, N], i, N are natural numbers greater than or equal to 1.
  • the second current source module includes M first controllable current sinks connected to the first input end of the transimpedance amplifier and M second controllable current sinks connected to the second input end of the transimpedance amplifier, wherein
  • the quiescent current I 2 flowing through the second current source module is the sum of the current flowing through the M first controllable current sinks and the current flowing through the M second controllable current sinks, and M is greater than or equal to The natural number of 1.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a digital to analog converter 500C according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • the digital-to-analog converter 500C includes a first current source module 510, a first switch control module 520, a transimpedance amplifier 530, and a second current source module 540.
  • the first current source module 510, the first switch control module 520, and the transimpedance amplifier 530 can be combined with the first current source module 510, the first switch control module 520, and the crossover in the digital-to-analog converter 500A shown in FIG. 5.
  • the resistance amplifier 530 is the same.
  • the second current source module 540 can include a first controllable current sink 541 and a second controllable current sink 542.
  • the first current source module 510, the first switch control module 520, and the second current source module 540 constitute a current steering structure.
  • the current rudder structure includes two branches, for example, a first branch and a second branch, and the first branch and the second branch may be the first branch and the second branch shown in FIG. The same two branches of the road.
  • the connection relationship of the first current source module 510, the first switch control module 520, and the transimpedance amplifier 530 is the same as the connection relationship shown in FIG. 5.
  • the first controllable current sink module 541 included in the second current source module 540 is disposed in the first branch, and the second controllable current sink module 542 included in the second current source module 540 is disposed on the second branch. road.
  • the first controllable current sink module 541 can be coupled to the first input of the transimpedance amplifier 530, and the second controllable current sink module 542 can be coupled to the second input of the transimpedance amplifier 530.
  • the first controllable current sinker module 541 and the second controllable current sinker module 542 can respectively control the conduction or the off between the second current source module and the first branch and the second branch, and guide The quiescent current flowing through the second current source module is controlled in the case of a pass.
  • the second current source module 540 includes M first controllable current sinks connected to the first input of the transimpedance amplifier 530 and M second controllable currents connected to the second input of the transimpedance amplifier 530. Sink, where M is a natural number greater than or equal to 1.
  • FIG. 11 shows a schematic block diagram of a second current source module 540 in a digital to analog converter 500C in accordance with another embodiment of the present application.
  • the M first controllable current sinks are connected in parallel between the first input end of the transimpedance amplifier and the ground, and the M second controllable current sinks are connected in parallel to the second input of the transimpedance amplifier. Between the end and the earth.
  • the M first controllable current sinks form a first controllable current sink module 541, and the M second controllable current sinks form a second controllable current sink module 542.
  • each of the first controllable current sinks includes a fifth switch group 543 and a second current sink 544, in each of the M second controllable current sinks
  • the second controllable current sink includes a sixth switch group 545 and a third current sink 546.
  • the fifth switch group is used to control the conduction between the second current sink and the first current source module and the transimpedance amplifier
  • the sixth switch group is used to control the conduction or turn-off between the third current sink and the first current source module and the transimpedance amplifier.
  • the fifth switch group in the first controllable current sink module and the sixth switch group in the second controllable current sink module can be turned on or off at the same time for simultaneously controlling each current sink (
  • the second current sink and the third current sink are included and turned on or off between the first switch control module and the transimpedance amplifier, thereby flowing the quiescent current flowing through the first controllable current sink module and flowing through the first
  • the quiescent current of the two controllable current sink modules is the same, and the quiescent currents flowing through any two current sinks in the same controllable current sink module may be the same or different.
  • each switch group includes at least one switch tube.
  • the switch tube is a MOS tube.
  • the MOS tube may be an N-type MOS tube.
  • the source of each MOS transistor in the first controllable current sink module is connected to the first input terminal of the transimpedance amplifier, and the drain of each MOS transistor is connected to the second current sink.
  • the source of each MOS transistor in the second controllable current sink module is connected to the second input terminal of the transimpedance amplifier, and the drain of each MOS transistor is connected to the third current sink.
  • the turning on or off of the M fifth switch groups and the M sixth switch groups can control the quiescent current flowing through the second current source module to be adjusted within a range of [0, 2I).
  • the first current source provides the current I 1 to be 2I
  • the first switch group is in an on state
  • the second switch group is in an off state.
  • the fifth switch group of at least one of the first controllable current sinks of the M first controllable current sinks is in an on state, and at least one of the second controllable current sinks has a second controllable current sink
  • the six switch group is in an on state, and the quiescent current I 2 flowing through the second current source module is the sum of the current flowing through the turned-on second current sink and the current flowing through the third current sink, the quiescent current Between I 2 and the current I 1 flowing through the first current source module, 0 ⁇ I 2 ⁇ I 1 is satisfied.
  • the fifth switch group in the first controllable current sink module is configured to control the corresponding second current sink and the first current source module and the transimpedance amplifier Turning on or off; since the second switch group is in an open state, the second controllable current sink module is disconnected from the first current source module, then the second controllable current sink module
  • the sixth switch group is used to control the conduction or the turn-off between the corresponding third current sink and the transimpedance amplifier.
  • the transimpedance amplifier can be used to supply current to the second controllable current sink module.
  • the common mode voltage at the input of the transimpedance amplifier is different from the common mode voltage at the output. Although no quiescent current is removed by current sinking, the desired analog voltage can still be obtained by using a transimpedance amplifier that is matched to the common-mode voltage of the input and output to indicate a different digital signal.
  • the current flowing through the two resistors is opposite, wherein the first branch flows through
  • the current in the resistor eg, R 1
  • the resistance flowing through the second branch flows from the second output to the second input, which is provided by the first output of the transimpedance amplifier.
  • the positive and negative ends of the input terminal are positive and negative at the output end, that is, the second input terminal of the transimpedance amplifier is a negative input terminal, and the first output terminal is negative. Output. That is, the current flowing through the resistor in the second branch is provided by the negative output of the transimpedance amplifier.
  • the description of the same or similar cases will be omitted below.
  • FIG. 12 is another schematic structural diagram of a digital to analog converter 500D according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • the digital to analog converter 500D includes a first current source module 610, a first switch control module 620, a transimpedance amplifier 530, and a second current source module 540.
  • the structure and connection relationship between the first current source module 610 and the first switch control module 620 are similar to those of the first current source module 610 and the first switch control module 620 shown in FIG. 6, and are not described herein again.
  • the structure and connection relationship of the second current source module 540 and the second current source module 540 shown in FIG. 10 and FIG. 11 are similar, and details are not described herein again.
  • the transimpedance amplifier 530 is similar to the structure and connection relationship of the transimpedance amplifiers shown in FIGS. 5, 6, and 10, and will not be described again.
  • the M fifth switch groups and the M sixth switch groups in the second current source module are both in an off state, that is, the second current source
  • the module is disconnected from both the first current source module and the transimpedance amplifier, which may be equivalent to the second current source module being completely removed, i.e., similar to the digital to analog converter shown in the first case.
  • the quiescent current flowing through the second current source module is reduced or even completely zero by adjusting the second current source module to reduce the quiescent current generation in the digital-to-analog converter.
  • the noise Compared with the prior art single-sided switch type current steering structure, the quiescent current is reduced by 2 ⁇ I, thereby greatly reducing the static condition while ensuring the same output signal amplitude without increasing the circuit complexity. The noise generated by the current.
  • the power consumption caused by the quiescent current is greatly saved.
  • the first current source module includes R first current sinks respectively disposed in the R current rudders
  • the first switch control module includes separately configured R third switch groups and R fourth switch groups among R current rudders, wherein the first ends of the xth third switch groups of the R third switch groups, the R fourth switches The first ends of the xth fourth switch group in the group are respectively connected to the xth first current sink in the R first current sinks, and the third switch group of each of the R third switch groups
  • the second end is connected to the first input end of the transimpedance amplifier
  • the second end of each of the R fourth switch groups is connected to the second input end of the transimpedance amplifier
  • the first current I 1 supplied by the source module is the sum of the currents supplied by the R first current sinks, and x ⁇ [1, R], x, and R are natural numbers greater than or equal to 1.
  • the second current source module includes S first controllable current sources connected to the first input end of the transimpedance amplifier and S second controllable current sources connected to the second input end of the transimpedance amplifier ,
  • the quiescent current I 2 flowing through the second current source module is the sum of the current flowing through the S first controllable current sources and the current flowing through the S second controllable current sources, where S is greater than or A natural number equal to 1.
  • the digital-to-analog converter 700C includes a first current source module 710, a first switch control module 720, a transimpedance amplifier 730, and a second current source module 740.
  • the first current source module 710, the first switch control module 720, and the transimpedance amplifier 730 can be combined with the first current source module 710, the first switch control module 720, and the crossover in the digital-to-analog converter 700A shown in FIG.
  • the resistance amplifier 730 is the same.
  • the second current source module can include a first controllable current source sub-module 741 and a second controllable current source sub-module 742.
  • the first current source module 710, the first switch control module 720, and the second current source module 740 constitute a current steering structure.
  • the current rudder structure includes two branches, for example, two branches that may be the same as the first branch and the second branch shown in FIG. 8, and the first current source module 710, the first switch control module
  • the connection relationship between the 720 and the transimpedance amplifier 730 is the same as the connection relationship shown in FIG.
  • the first controllable current source sub-module 741 included in the second current source module 740 is disposed in the first branch, and the second controllable current source 742 sub-module included in the second current source module 740 is disposed in the second branch road.
  • the first controllable current source sub-module 741 can be coupled to the first input of the transimpedance amplifier 730, and the second controllable current source sub-module 742 can be coupled to the second input of the transimpedance amplifier 730.
  • the first controllable current source sub-module 741 and the second controllable current source sub-module 742 can respectively control the conduction or the off between the second current source module and the first branch and the second branch, and The quiescent current flowing through the second current source module is controlled in the case of a pass.
  • the second current source module 740 includes S first controllable current sources connected to the first input of the transimpedance amplifier 730 and S second controllable currents connected to the second input of the transimpedance amplifier 730 Source, where S is a natural number greater than or equal to 1.
  • FIG. 14 shows a schematic block diagram of a second current source module 740 in a digital to analog converter 700C in accordance with another embodiment of the present application.
  • the S first controllable current sources constitute a first controllable current source sub-module 741
  • the S second controllable current sources constitute a second controllable current source sub-module 742.
  • each of the first controllable current sources includes a seventh switch group 743 and a second current source 744
  • each of the S second controllable current sources includes an eighth switch group 744 and a third current source 747.
  • the seventh switch group is used to control the conduction between the second current source and the first current source module and the transimpedance amplifier Turning on or off, in the yth second controllable current source, the eighth switch group is used to control the conduction or the off between the third current source and the first current source module and the transimpedance amplifier.
  • the seventh switch group of the first controllable current source submodule and the eighth switch group of the second controllable current source submodule can be turned on or off simultaneously for simultaneously controlling each current source ( Included between the second current source and the third current source) and the first switch control module and the transimpedance amplifier, thereby turning on and off the quiescent current flowing through the first controllable current source sub-module
  • the quiescent current of the second controllable current source sub-module is the same, and the quiescent current flowing through any two current sources in the same controllable current source sub-module may be the same or different.
  • each switch group includes at least one switch tube.
  • the switch tube is a MOS tube.
  • the MOS tube may be a P-type MOS tube.
  • the connection relationship between the P-type MOS transistor and the current source and the first switch control module is similar to that of the P-type MOS transistor described above with reference to the accompanying drawings (for example, FIG. 5) and the current source and the transimpedance amplifier, respectively. Concise, no more details here.
  • the seventh switch group of at least one of the first controllable current sources of the S first controllable current sources is in an on state
  • the second controllable current source of the second controllable current sources is at least one of the second controllable current sources
  • the eight switch group is in an on state
  • the quiescent current I 2 flowing through the second current source module is the sum of the current flowing through the turned-on second current source and the current of the third current source, and the quiescent current flows through
  • the current I 1 of the first current source module satisfies 0 ⁇ I 2 ⁇ I 1 .
  • the transimpedance amplifier can be used to the second controllable current in the second branch
  • V 1 V com -IR
  • V 2 V com +IR
  • the digital-to-analog converter of the embodiment of the present application reduces or decreases the quiescent current flowing through the second current source module by adjusting the second current source module, or by completely removing the second current.
  • Source module to reduce the noise generated by the quiescent current in the digital-to-analog converter.
  • the quiescent current is reduced by 2I, and the noise generated by the quiescent current is greatly reduced under the condition of ensuring the same output signal amplitude without increasing the circuit complexity. .
  • the power consumption caused by the quiescent current is greatly saved.
  • the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, may be located in one place, or may be distributed to multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment.

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Abstract

本申请提供了一种数模转换器,能够减少静态电流开销,降低静态噪声。该数模转换器包括:第一电流源模块,用于为数模转换器提供电流I1;第一开关控制模块,用于根据待转换的数字信号,控制所述数模转换器中的各支路与跨阻放大器之间的导通或关断,所述第一电流源模块提供的电流I1经由导通的支路流入所述跨阻放大器;所述跨阻放大器,用于将所述第一电流源模块提供的电流I1转换为模拟电压,并输出所述模拟电压。

Description

一种数模转换器
本申请要求于2017年4月12日提交中国专利局、申请号为201710236868.5、发明名称为“一种数模转换器”的中国专利申请的优先权,其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及电路领域,并且更具体地,涉及一种数模转换器。
背景技术
数字-模拟转换器(简称,数模转化器,Digital Analog Converter,DAC)能够将离散的数字量转换为连接变化的模拟量,是一种广泛应用于计算机、通信等领域的器件。
当前技术中,为了达到较高的模拟信号输出带宽,同时满足低功耗小面积的要求,基于电流舵(Current Steering)结构的数模转换器已经成为主流。
现有的电流舵结构分为双边开关型和单边开关型两种结构。其中,双边开关型结构因开关数量较多,开关延时不匹配带来了动态性能恶化。单边开关型结构则避免了开关延时问题,同时减小了功耗。但是,单边开关型结构仅在充电电流(或者,放电电流)上存在切换开关,另一边为固定的两路静态放电电流沉(或者,充电电流源),两路静态电流之和等于具有切换开关的电流。也就是说,为了实现与双变开关型结构相同的输出信号幅度,需要两倍的静态电流开销,同时带来的噪声也成倍增加。
发明内容
本申请提供一种数模转换器,能够减小静态电流产生的噪声。
一方面,提供了一种数模转换器,包括:
第一电流源模块,用于为数模转换器提供电流I 1
第一开关控制模块,用于根据待转换的数字信号,控制所述数模转换器中的各支路与跨阻放大器之间的导通或关断,所述第一电流源模块提供的电流I 1经由导通的支路流入所述跨阻放大器;
所述跨阻放大器,用于将所述第一电流源模块提供的电流I 1转换为模拟电压,并输出所述模拟电压。
因此,本申请实施例通过完全去除第二电流源模块,使静态电流全部流经跨阻放大器,从而减小数模转换器中静态电流产生的噪声。与现有技术中的单边开关型的电流舵结构相比,静态电流得以减少,在保证相同的输出信号幅值并且不增加电路复杂度的条件下,大大减小了静态电流产生的噪声。同时,与双边开关型的电流舵结构相比,大大节省了静态电流带来的功耗。
可选地,所述跨阻放大器的输出端的共模电压与所述跨阻放大器的输入端的共模电压不同。
由于未通过第二电流源模块去除静态电流,使得静态电流全部流经跨阻放大器,即,静态电流完全未被去除,从而造成跨阻放大器的输入端和输出端的共模电压不同。
可选地,所述第一电流源模块包括分别配置于N个电流舵中的N个第一电流源,所述第一开关控制模块包括分别配置于所述N个电流舵中的N个第一开关组和N个第二开关组,其中,所述N个第一开关组中的第i个第一开关组的第一端、所述N个第二开关组中的第i个第二开关组的第一端分别连接于所述N个电流源中的第i个第一电流源,所述N个第一开关组中每个第一开关组的第二端连接于所述跨阻放大器的第一输入端,所述N个第二开关组中每个第二开关组的第二端连接于所述跨阻放大器的第二输入端,所述第一电流源模块提供的电流I 1为由所述N个第一电流源提供的电流之和,i∈[1,N],i、N均为大于或等于1的自然数。
即,本申请实施例的数模转换器包括用于转换单比特数字信号的数模转换器和用于转换多比特数字信号的数模转换器。
可选地,所述每个所述第一开关组包括至少一个P型金属氧化物半导体场效应MOS管,每个所述第二开关组包括至少一个P型MOS管,所述第一开关组的第一端和所述第二开关组的第一端分别对应于所述P型MOS管的源极,所述第一开关组的第二端和所述第二开关组的第二端分别对应于所述P型MOS管的漏极。
可选地,所述第一电流源模块包括分别配置于R个电流舵中的R个第一电流沉,所述第一开关控制模块包括分别配置于所述R个电流舵中的R个第三开关组和R个第四开关组,
其中,所述R个第三开关组中的第x个第三开关组的第一端、所述R个第四开关组中的第x个第四开关组的第一端分别连接于所述R个第一电流沉中的第x个第一电流沉,所述R个第三开关组中的每个第三开关组的第二端连接于所述跨阻放大器的第一输入端,所述R个第四开关组中的每个第四开关组的第二端连接于所述跨阻放大器的第二输入端,所述第一电流源模块提供的电流I 1为由所述R个第一电流沉提供的电流之和,x∈[1,R],x、R均为大于或等于1的自然数。
即,本申请实施例的数模转换器包括用于转换单比特数字信号的数模转换器和用于转换多比特数字信号的数模转换器。
可选地,每个所述第三开关组包括至少一个N型MOS管,每个所述第四开关组包括至少一个N型MOS管,所述第三开关组的第一端和所述第四开关组的第一端分别对应于所述N型MOS管的源极,所述第三开关组的第二端和所述第四开关组的第二端分别对应于所述N型MOS管的漏极。
另一方面,提供了一种数模转换器,包括:
第一电流源模块,用于为数模转换器提供电流I 1
第一开关控制模块,用于根据待转换的数字信号,控制所述数模转换器中的各支路与跨阻放大器之间的导通或关断,所述第一电流源模块提供的电流I 1经由导通的支路流入第二电流源模块和所述跨阻放大器;
所述第二电流源模块,用于调节流经所述第二电流源模块的静态电流I 2,以控制流经跨阻放大器的共模电流;
所述跨阻放大器,用于将流经的电流转换为模拟电压,并输出所述模拟电压;
其中,所述第一电流源模块提供的电流I 1与流经所述第二电流源模块的静态电流I 2满足:0≤I 2<I 1
因此,本申请实施例通过对第二电流源模块的调节,使得流经第二电流源模块的静态电流减小甚至完全为零,以减小数模转换器中静态电流产生的噪声。与现有技术的单边开关型的电流舵结构相比,静态电流得以减少,在保证相同的输出信号幅值并且不增加电路复杂度的条件下,大大减小了静态电流产生的噪声。同时,与双边开关型的电流舵结构相比,大大节省了静态电流带来的功耗。
可选地,所述跨阻放大器的输出端的共模电压与所述跨阻放大器的输入端的共模电压不同。
由于通过第二电流源模块部分去除静态电流或者不去除静态电流,使得部分或全部的静态电流流经跨阻放大器,即,静态电流未被完全去除或者完全未被去除,从而造成跨阻放大器的输入端和输出端的共模电压不同。
可选地,所述第一电流源模块包括分别配置于N个电流舵中的N个第一电流源,所述第一开关控制模块包括分别配置于所述N个电流舵中的N个第一开关组和N个第二开关组,其中,所述N个第一开关组中的第i个第一开关组的第一端、所述N个第二开关组中的第i个第二开关组的第一端分别连接于所述N个电流源中的第i个第一电流源,所述N个第一开关组中每个第一开关组的第二端连接于所述跨阻放大器的第一输入端,所述N个第二开关组中每个第二开关组的第二端连接于所述跨阻放大器的第二输入端,所述第一电流源模块提供的电流I 1为由所述N个第一电流源提供的电流之和,i∈[1,N],i、N均为大于或等于1的自然数。
即,本申请实施例的数模转换器包括用于转换单比特数字信号的数模转换器和用于转换多比特数字信号的数模转换器。
可选地,所述第二电流源模块包括连接于所述跨阻放大器的第一输入端的M个第一可控电流沉和连接于所述跨阻放大器的第二输入端的M个第二可控电流沉,
其中,流经所述第二电流源模块的静态电流I 2为流经所述M个第一可控电流沉的电流和流经所述M个第二可控电流沉的电流之和,M为大于或等于1的自然数。
可选地,所述M个第一可控电流沉中的每个第一可控电流沉包括第五开关组和第二电流沉,所述M个第二可控电流沉中的每个第二可控电流沉包括第六开关组和第三电流沉,
在所述M个第一可控电流沉的第j个第一可控电流沉中,所述第五开关组用于控制所述第三电流沉与所述第一电流源模块以及所述跨阻放大器之间的导通或关断,在所述M个第二可控电流沉的第j个第二可控电流沉中,所述第六开关组用于控制所述第三电流沉与所述第一电流源模块以及所述跨阻放大器之间的导通或关断,j∈[1,M],j为自然数,
其中,在所述M个第一可控电流沉中的第五开关组和所述M个第二可控电流沉中的第六开关组均处于断开状态时,流经所述第二电流源模块的静态电流I 2=0;
在所述M个第一可控电流沉中至少有一个第一可控电流沉的第五开关组处于导通状态,且所述M个第二可控电流沉至少有一个第二可控电流沉的第六开关组处于导通状态时,流经所述第二电流源模块的静态电流I 2与所述第一电流源模块提供的电流I 1满足0<I 2<I 1
可选地,每个所述第一开关组包括至少一个P型金属氧化物半导体场效应MOS管,每个所述第二开关组包括至少一个P型MOS管,所述第一开关组的第一端和所述第二开关组的第一端分别对应于所述P型MOS管的源极,所述第一开关组的第二端和所述第二开关组的第二端分别对应于所述P型MOS管的漏极。
可选地,所述第一电流源模块包括分别配置于R个电流舵中的R个第一电流沉,所述第一开关控制模块包括分别配置于所述R个电流舵中的R个第三开关组和R个第四开关组,
其中,所述R个第三开关组中的第x个第三开关组的第一端、所述R个第四开关组中的第x个第四开关组的第一端分别连接于所述R个第一电流沉中的第x个第一电流沉,所述R个第三开关组中的每个第三开关组的第二端连接于所述跨阻放大器的第一输入端,所述R个第四开关组中的每个第四开关组的第二端连接于所述跨阻放大器的第二输入端,所述第一电流源模块提供的电流I 1为由所述R个第一电流沉提供的电流之和,x∈[1,R],x、R均为大于或等于1的自然数。
即,本申请实施例的数模转换器包括用于转换单比特数字信号的数模转换器和用于转换多比特数字信号的数模转换器。
可选地,所述第二电流源模块包括连接于所述跨阻放大器的第一输入端的S个第一可控电流源和连接于所述跨阻放大器的第二输入端的S个第二可控电流源,
其中,流经所述第二电流源模块的静态电流I 2为流经所述S个第一可控电流源的电流和流经所述S个第二可控电流源的电流之和,S为大于或等于1的自然数。
可选地,所述S个第一可控电流源中的每个第一可控电流源包括第七开关组和第二电流源,所述S个第二可控电流源中的每个第二可控电流源包括第八开关组和第三电流源,
在所述S个第一可控电流源中的第y个第一可控电流源中,所述第七开关组用于控制所述第二电流源与所述第一电流源模块以及所述跨阻放大器之间的导通或关断,在所述S个第二可控电流源中的第y个第二可控电流源中,所述第八开关组用于控制所述第三电流源与所述第一电流源模块以及所述跨阻放大器之间的导通或关断,y∈[1,S],y为自然数,
其中,在所述S个第一可控电流源中的第七开关组和所述S个第二可控电流源中的第八开关组均处于断开状态时,流经所述第二电流源模块的静态电流I 2=0;
在所述S个第一可控电流源中至少有一个第一可控电流源的第七开关组处于导通状态,且所述S个第二可控电流源中至少有一个第二可控电流源的第八开关组处于导通状态时,流经所述第二电流源模块的静态电流I 2与所述第一电流源模块提供的电流I 1满足0<I 2<I 1
可选地,每个所述第三开关组包括至少一个N型MOS管,每个所述第四开关组包括至少一个N型MOS管,所述第三开关组的第一端和所述第四开关组的第一端分别对应于所述N型MOS管的源极,所述第三开关组的第二端和所述第四开关组的第二端分别对应于所述N型MOS管的漏极。
应理解,以上示例的P型MOS管和N型MOS管仅为示例性说明,而不应对本申请构成任何限定,本申请也不应限于此。
本申请实施例通过对第二电流源模块的调节,使得流经第二电流源模块的静态电流减小甚至完全为零,或者,完全去除第二电流源模块,以减小数模转换器中静态电流产生的 噪声。从而,在保证与现有单边开关型的电流舵结构相同的输出信号幅值并且不增加电路复杂度的条件下,大大减小了静态电流产生的噪声。
附图说明
图1是适用于本申请实施例的数模转换器的系统的示意性框图。
图2是数模转换器的示意性框图。
图3是具有单边开关型电流舵结构的数模转换器的示意性结构图。
图4是根据本申请一实施例的数模转换器的示意性框图。
图5是根据本申请一实施例的数模转换器的示意性结构图。
图6是根据本申请一实施例的数模转换器的另一示意性结构图。
图7是根据本申请一实施例的数模转换器的又一示意性结构图。
图8是根据本申请实施例的数模转换器的再一示意性结构图。
图9是根据本申请另一实施例的数模转换器的示意性框图。
图10是根据本申请另一实施例的数模转换器的示意性结构图
图11是根据本申请另一实施例的数模转换器中的第二电流源模块的示意性结构图。
图12是根据本申请另一实施例的数模转换器的另一示意性结构图。
图13是根据本申请另一实施例的数模转换器的又一示意性结构图。
图14是根据本申请另一实施例的数模转换器中的第二电流源模块的另一示意性结构图。
图15是根据本申请另一实施例的数模转换器的再一示意性结构图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图,对本申请中的技术方案进行描述。
图1是适用于本申请实施例的数模转换器的系统10的示意图。如图1所示,该系统10包括:数字基带模块(或者称,数字基带处理器(Digital Baseband Processor,DBP))11、模拟基带模块(或者称,模拟基带芯片(Analog Baseband Chip,ABB))12、射频前端(Radio Frequency Front End,RF FE)13和天线(Antenna)14。其中,DBP 11从应用处理器接收需要通信的数据,经过数字基带处理后得到正交的数字基带同相/正交(Inphase/Quadrature,I/Q)信号,该数字基带I/Q信号输出到ABB 12,经ABB 12中的数模转换器(DAC,后文中会结合图2详细说明)进行数模转换,得到模拟基带I/Q信号,模拟基带I/Q信号被送到RF FE 13,经过RE FE 13正交调制并上变频到射频频段,最后经由天线14发射出去。
图2是数模转换器20的示意性框图。如图2所示,该数模转换器20包括:数字-模拟信号接口21、电流舵结构22和跨阻放大器23。其中,数字-模拟接口21可以对接收到的数字信号(具体地为数字基带I/Q信号)进行预处理,例如,进行对齐、转码等处理,以生成待转换的数字信号(即,开关控制数据(Switch Control Data))。电流舵结构22在接收到该待转换的数字信号后,便可以根据该数字信号的具体取值控制电流舵结构中各支路与跨阻放大器的导通或关断,以使得不同支路的电流信号流经跨阻放大器23。然后,通过在跨阻放大器23的输入端和输出端之间并联的电阻,将流经跨阻放大器的模拟电流 信号转换成模拟电压信号,并向射频收发器输出该模拟电压信号。
当前技术中,电流舵结构主要包括双边开关型和单边开关型两种结构。图3是具有单边开关型电流舵结构的数模转换器的示意性结构图。如图3所示,该数模转换器30包括:电流源31、开关管#A 32、开关管#B 33、电流沉#A 34、电流沉#B 35和跨阻放大器36。其中,电流源31、开关管#A 32、开关管#B 33、电流沉#A 34、电流沉#B 35构成电流舵结构。电流源31用于向该电流舵结构中的两条支路(例如,分别记作支路#1和支路#2)提供输入电流,该开关管#A 32、电流沉#A 34配置于该两条支路中的一条支路(例如可以为支路#1),该开关管#B 33、电流沉#B 35配置于该两条支路中的另一条支路(例如可以为支路#2),电流沉(包括电流沉#A 34和电流沉#B 35)用于将该电流源31输入的电流中的静态电流(或者说,共模信号)引出,即,接地。跨阻放大器36的两个输入端(例如,分别记作输入端#A和输入端#B)分别连接于支路#A中开关管#A 32和电流沉#A 34之间的一点以及支路#B中开关管#B 33和电流沉#B 35之间的一点。该跨阻放大器36用于将流经的电流转换为模拟电压。
本领域的技术人员可以理解,在跨阻放大器的增益足够大时,跨阻放大器的两个输入端电压基本相同,即虚短。
在图3示出的电流舵结构中,由于通过电流沉(包括电流沉#A和电流沉#B)将电流源输入的电流中的共模电流全部引出,因此,通过跨阻放大器的信号全部为差模电流,在此情况下,该跨阻放大器的输入端的共模电压和输出端的共模电压是相同的。
需要说明的是,共模信号可以理解为幅度相等、相位相同的信号,差模信号可以理解为幅度相等、相位相反的信号。假设两个差分信号分别为V A和V B,则共模信号就是这两个信号共同拥有的那部分,即V com=(V A+V B)/2,差模信号就是这两个信号各自拥有的那部分,对于V A,V Adiff=(V A-V B)/2,对于V B,V Bdiff=-(V A-V B)/2。具体地说,在图3示出的电流舵结构中,假设有电流源提供的输入电流为2I,假设开关管#A导通,开关管#B关断,即,支路#A导通、支路#B断开。则,通过支路#A经输入端#A流入跨阻放大器的电流是I,通过支路#A流入电流沉#A的静态电流也是I,为了保证流经电流沉#B的静态电流与电流沉#A相同,静态电流I通过跨阻放大器的输入端#B流向电流沉#B。由图3可以看到,经过该跨阻放大器两个输入端的电流大小相同、方向相反。假设该跨阻放大器的输入端电压为V 0,该跨阻放大器的阻值为R,则该跨阻放大器的输入端共模电压即为V 0,与支路#A对应的该跨阻放大器的一个输出端(例如记作,输出端#A)的电压为V 0-IR,与支路#B对应的该跨阻放大器的另一个输出端(例如记作,输出端#B)的电压为V 0+IR,该跨阻放大器的输出端的共模电压为(V 0-IR+V 0+IR)/2=V 0。该跨阻放大器输出的模拟电压即为两个输出端的电压的差值,即,为“2IR”或者“-2IR”,分别对应于数字信号“1”或者“0”。
需要说明的是,任何两个变量都可以分解成共模成分和差模成分。在本申请实施例中,通过输入端#A和输入端#B的流经跨阻放大器的电流(例如,分别记作I A和I B)也可以分解为共模电流和差模电流,共模电流即为(I A+I B)/2,差模电流即为(I A-I B)/2。通常情况下,共模电流不变,通过差模电流的变化来输出不同的模拟电压,以指示不同的数字信号。
还需要说明的是,静态电流可以理解为在该电流舵结构中一直不变的电流。在上述数 模转换器(即,图3中所示出的数模转换器)中,静态电流即为共模电流。也就是说,通过电流沉将静态电流全部引出,而仅使差模电流流经跨阻放大器,以获得模拟电压。
应理解,上述所示例的模拟电压与数字信号的对应关系仅为示例性说明,而不应对本申请构成任何限定。为了简洁,后文中省略对相同或相似情况的说明。
由上文描述可以看到,单边型开关的电流舵结构在电流源流入的电流和电流沉(包括电流沉#A和电流沉#B)流出的电流值是相同的,均为2I,流经电流沉(包括电流沉#A和电流沉#B)的静态电流为2I,造成了较大的静态电流开销,由此产生的噪声也较大。
有鉴于此,本申请提出了一种数模转换器,在单边型开关的电流舵结构的基础上进行改进,能够减小静态电流的开销,从而减小静态电流产生的噪声。
下面结合图4至图15详细说明本申请实施例的数模转换器。应理解,图4至图15中示出的数模转换器并未示出数字-模拟接口,但这不应对本申请构成任何限定,在本申请实施例中,可以沿用现有技术中或未来可能出现的数字-模拟接口对接收到的基带数字信号进行预处理,而这也并未本申请的核心所在,为了简洁,这里不再赘述。
需要说明的是,本申请实施例中的数模转换器可以分为第一类数模转换器和第二类数模转换器,第二类数模转换器与第一类数模转换器不同在于,第一类数模转换器通过电流源提供正向的电流I 1,第二类数模转换器通过电流沉提供反向的电流I 1,因此,第二类数模转换器中流经开关管的电流的方向与第一类数模转换器中流经开关管的电流的方向也是相反的。
具体地,第一类数模转换器可以不引出静态电流,即,静态电流全部流经跨阻放大器(情况一,对应于图5和图6),也可以引出部分静态电流I 2(情况三,对应于图10至图12);第二类数模转换器可以不引出静态电流,即,静态电流全部流经跨阻放大器(情况二,对应于图7和图8),也可以引出部分静态电流I 2(情况四,对应于图13至图15)。
为便于理解本申请实施例,下面结合图4至图8详细说明完全去除第二电流源模块的情况(即,包括情况一和情况二)。
在情况一和情况二中,可以将现有技术中的数模转换器(例如图3中示出)的电流沉#A和电流沉#B完全去除,或者说,完全去除用于将静态电流引出的模块(即,可以对应于后文中本申请所描述的第二电流源模块)。
图4是根据本申请一实施例的数模转换器40的示意性框图。如图4所示,该数模转换器40包括:第一电流源模块41、第一开关控制模块42和跨阻放大器43。其中,第一电流源模块41和第一开关控制模块42构成电流舵结构。第一电流源模块41用于为该电流舵结构提供电流I 1,该第一开关控制模块42用于根据待转换的数字信号,控制该电流舵结构中的各支路与跨阻放大器43之间的导通或关断,或者说,控制连接于第一电流源模块41与跨阻放大器43之间的各支路的导通或关断。该跨阻放大器43用于将流经的电流(可以理解,也就是第一电流源模块41提供的电流I 1)转换为模拟电压,并输出该模拟电压。由此,该数模转换器完成了数字信号到模拟信号的转换。
需要说明的是,第一电流源模块41可以对应于图3中数模转换器30中的电流源31,第一开关控制模块42可以对应于图3中数模转换器30中的开关管#A 32和开关管#B 33,跨阻放大器43可以对应于图3中数模转换器30中的跨阻放大器36。应理解,这里只是为了便于理解本申请实施例的数模转换器40,结合了图3中示出的数模转换器的各个模 块进行介绍,但这不应对本申请构成任何限定。例如,第一开关控制模块可以包括更多并联的开关管。下面详细说明情况一和情况二。
需要说明的是,通常情况下,数模转换器可以通过多个电流舵同时翻转来实现多个比特的数字信号到模拟信号的转换。为便于理解,下文中首先说明用于单比特数字信号的数模转换器,后文中将结合用于2比特数字信号的数模转换器为例详细说明用于多比特数字信号的数模转换器。
情况一:
可选地,在第一类数模转换器中,第一电流源模块包括分别配置于N个电流舵中的N个第一电流源,该第一开关控制模块包括分别配置于该N个电流舵中的N个第一开关组和N个第二开关组,其中,该N个第一开关组中的第i个第一开关组的第一端、该N个第二开关组中的第i个第二开关组的第一端分别连接于该N个电流源中的第i个第一电流源,该N个第一开关组中每个第一开关组的第二端连接于该跨阻放大器的第一输入端,该N个第二开关组中每个第二开关组的第二端连接于该跨阻放大器的第二输入端,该第一电流源模块提供的电流I 1为由该N个第一电流源提供的电流之和,i∈[1,N],i、N均为大于或等于1的自然数。
图5是根据本申请一实施例的数模转换器500A的示意性结构图。具体地,图5示出了用于单比特数字信号的数模转换器的一例,即,N=1。如图5所示,该数模转换器500A包括:第一电流源模块510、第一开关控制模块520和跨阻放大器530。其中,第一电流源模块510包括第一电流源511,第一开关控制模块520包括第一开关组521和第二开关组522。该第一电流源模块510和第一开关控制模块520构成电流舵结构。该电流舵结构可以包括两个支路(例如,分别记作第一支路和第二支路),第一电流源511分别与配置于第一支路的第一开关组521和配置于第二支路的第二开关组522连接,第一开关组521与跨阻放大器530的第一输入端连接,第二开关组522与跨阻放大器530的第二输入端连接。也就是说,该第一开关控制模块520通过第一开关组521控制第一支路上第一电流源模块510与跨阻放大器530的导通或关断,该第一开关控制模块520通过第二开关组522控制第二支路上第一电流源模块与跨阻放大器530的导通或关断。
其中,该第一开关控制模块中的每个开关组包括至少一个开关管。可选地,作为示例而非限定,该开关管为金属氧化物半导体场效应(Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor,MOS)管。
具体地,在本申请实施例中,该MOS管可以为P型MOS管。在第一开关组中,每个MOS管的源极连接(或者说,对应)于第一开关组的第一端,每个MOS管的漏极连接于第一开关组的第二端。在第二开关组中,每个MOS管的源极连接于第二开关组的第一端,每个MOS管的漏极连接于第二开关组的第二端。第一开关组的第一端与第一电流源相连,第一开关组的第二端与跨阻放大器的第一输入端相连。第二开关组的第一端与第一电流源相连,第二开关组的第二端与跨阻放大器的第二输入端相连。
假设该第一电流源提供的电流I 1为2I,第一开关组处于导通状态,第二开关组处于关断状态,则该2I的电流通过第一支路、经由第一开关组以及跨阻放大器的第一输入端流入跨阻放大器。上文已经说明,该跨阻放大器的两个输入端虚短,假设输入电压均为V 0,跨阻放大器的阻值为R,则,与第一支路对应的该跨阻放大器的第一输出端的电压为V 1=V 0-2IR,与第二支路对应的该跨阻放大器的第二输出端的电压为V 2=V 0
由上文描述可知,对应于数字信号“1”或者“0”,该跨阻放大器输出的模拟电压是不同的。由上文描述可知,共模电压为两路电压的平均值,也就是,该跨阻放大器输出端的共模电压为V com=V 0-IR,则,与第一支路对应的该跨阻放大器的第一输出端的电压为V 1=V com-IR,与第二支路对应的该跨阻放大器的第二输出端的电压为V 2=V com+IR,也就是说,差模电压V 1-V com=-(V 2-V com)。
与此相似地,若第二开关组处于导通状态,第一开关组处于关断状态,则第二支路导通,第一支路断开,在跨阻放大器的第一输出端和第二输出端输出的电压分别为V 1=V com+IR,V 2=V com-IR,即,V 1-V com=-(V 2-V com)。
由此可以看到,跨阻放大器输入端的共模电压与输出端的共模电压不同。虽然没有通过电流沉去除静态电流,但是通过使用与该输入端和输出端不同的共模电压相匹配的跨阻放大器,仍然可以得到所期望的模拟电压,用于指示不同的数字信号。
图6是根据本申请实施例的数模转换器500B的另一示意性结构图。具体地,图6示出了用于多比特数字信号的数模转换器的一例,即,N>1。如图6所示,该数模转换器500B包括:第一电流源模块610、第一开关控制模块620和跨阻放大器530。其中,该第一电流源模块610包括分别配置于N个电流舵中的N个如图5中示出的第一电流源511,该第一开关控制模块620包括分别配置于N个电流舵中的N个如图5中示出的第一开关组521和N个如图5中示出的第二开关组522。换句话说,每个电流舵包括第一电流源、第一开关组和第二开关组。N个电流舵构成电流舵结构,每个电流舵可以理解为电流舵结构中的一个单元。该电流舵结构可以包括两个支路(例如,第一支路和第二支路)。
具体地,在该N个电流舵的第j个电流舵中,第一开关组的第一端、第二开关组的第一端分别连接于第一电流源。N个第一开关组的第二端分别连接于跨阻放大器的第一输入端,N个第二开关组的第二端分别连接于跨阻放大器的第二输入端。即,每个电流舵中的第一开关组配置于第一支路,每个电流舵中的第二开关组配置于第二支路,跨阻放大器的第一输入端连接于第一支路,跨阻放大器的第二输入端连接于第二支路。
由于N个电流舵中N个第一电流源共同提供电流,故该第一电流源模块710提供的电流I 1为由该N个第一电流源提供的电流之和。假设每个第一电流源提供电流2I,通过控制N个第一开关组和N个第二开关组的导通或关断,可以实现该第一电流源模块输出的电流大小在[0,2NI]的范围内调节。
应理解,每个电流舵中的第一电流源、第一开关组、第二开关组以及跨阻放大器的功能在上文中已经结合图5详细说明,为了简洁,这里不再赘述。
以2比特的数字信号为例,对应有“00”、“01”、“10”、“11”四个二进制数,则可以通过N=3的数模转换器来实现数字信号到模拟信号的转换。需要说明的是,这里所示例的数模转换仅以热码形式为例进行说明,但这不应对本申请构成任何限定,本申请对于数模转换过程中的转码方式并未特别限定。
具体地,可以分别通过第一支路的3个第一开关组和第二支路的3个第二开关组来控制,例如,对于数字信号“00”,可以将第一支路的3个第一开关组置为导通状态,第二支路的3个第二开关组置为断开状态;对于数字信号“01”,可以将第一支路的2个第一开关组置为导通状态,第二支路的1个第二开关状态置为导通状态;对于数字信号“10”,可以将第一支路的1个第一开关组置为导通状态,第二支路的2个第二开关状态置为导通 状态;对于数字信号“11”,可以将第一支路的3个第一开关组置为断开状态,第二支路的3个第二开关状态置为导通状态。由此实现第一支路的总电流可以在[0,8I]范围内调节,第二支路的总电流也可以在[0,8I]范围内调节。
通过对第一支路和第二支路的电流的调节,可以使得跨阻放大器的两个输出端输出的电压不同,从而得到的模拟电压也不相同。例如,对于数字信号“00”,跨阻放大器第一输出端输出的电压V 1=V 0-8IR,第二输出端输出的电压V 2=V 0,得到的模拟电压为V 1-V 2=-8IR;对于数字信号“01”,跨阻放大器第一输出端输出的电压V 1=V 0-6IR,第二输出端输出的电压V 2=V 0-2IR,得到的模拟电压为V 1-V 2=-4IR;以此类推,对于数字信号“10”,模拟信号为4IR;对于数字信号“11”,模拟电压为0。
也就是说,通过N个第一开关组和N个第二开关组的控制,可以实现第一支路和第二支路中的电流分别在[0,8I]范围内调节。
与此相似地,在用于更多比特数字信号的数模转换器中,可以分别通过不同电流舵中的第一开关组和第二开关组来调节第一支路和第二支路中的电流。为了避免赘述,这里省略对其详细说明。
因此,本申请实施例的数模转换器,通过完全去除第二电流源模块,换句话说,这类似于将第二电流源模块的静态电流控制为零,使静态电流全部流经跨阻放大器,从而减小数模转换器中静态电流产生的噪声。与现有技术中的单边开关型的电流舵结构相比,静态电流减少了2I,在保证相同的输出信号幅值并且不增加电路复杂度的条件下,大大减小了静态电流产生的噪声。同时,与双边开关型的电流舵结构相比,大大节省了静态电流带来的功耗。
情况二:
第二类数模转换器与第一类数模转换器不同在于,第二类数模转换器通过第一电流源模块提供反向的电流I 1,流经该第一开关控制模块的电流的方向与第一类数模转换器中流经第一开关控制模块的电流的方向是相反的。具体地说,在第一类数模转换器中,电流是由第一电流源模块经由第一开关控制模块流入跨阻放大器,在第二类数模转换器中,电流是由跨阻放大器经由第一开关控制模块流入第一电流源模块。
可选地,在第二类数模转换器中,第一电流源模块包括分别配置于R个电流舵中的R个第一电流沉,第一开关控制模块包括分别配置于R个电流舵中的R个第三开关组和R个第四开关组,其中,该R个第三开关组中的第x个第三开关组的第一端、该R个第四开关组中的第x个第四开关组的第一端分别连接于该R个第一电流沉中的第x个第一电流沉,该R个第三开关组中的每个第三开关组的第二端连接于该跨阻放大器的第一输入端,该R个第四开关组中的每个第四开关组的第二端连接于该跨阻放大器的第二输入端,该第一电流源模块提供的电流I 1为由该R个第一电流沉提供的电流之和,x∈[1,R],x、R均为大于或等于1的自然数。
图7是根据本申请实施例的数模转换器700A的又一示意性结构图。具体地,图7示出了用于单比特数字信号的数模转换器的又一例,即,R=1。如图7所示,该数模转换器700A包括:第一电流源模块710、第一开关控制模块720和跨阻放大器730。其中,第一电流源模块710包括第一电流沉711,该第一开关控制模块720包括第三开关组721和第四开关组722。该第一电流源模块710和第一开关控制模块720构成电流舵结构。该电流 舵结构可以包括两个支路(例如,分别为第一支路和第二支路),第一电流沉711分别与配置于第一支路的第三开关组721和配置于第二支路的第四开关组722连接,第三开关组721与跨阻放大器730的第一输入端连接,第四开关组722与跨阻放大器730的第二输入端连接。也就是说,该第一开关控制模块720通过第三开关组721控制第一支路与跨阻放大器730的导通或关断,该第一开关控制模块720通过第四开关组722控制第二支路与跨阻放大器730的导通或关断。
其中,该第一开关控制模块中的每个开关组包括至少一个开关管。可选地,作为示例而非限定,该开关管为MOS管。
具体地,在本申请实施例中,该MOS管可以为N型MOS管。在第三开关组中,每个MOS管的源极连接于第三开关组的第一端,每个MOS管的漏极连接于第三开关组的第二端。在第四开关组中,每个MOS管的源极连接于第四开关组的第一端,每个MOS管的漏极连接于第四开关组的第二端。第三开关组的第一端与第三电流沉连接,第三开关组的第二端与跨阻放大器的第一输入端相连。第四开关组的第二端与第三电流沉相连,第四开关组的第二端与跨阻放大器的第二输入端相连。
假设该第一电流沉提供的反向电流I 1为2I,第三开关组处于导通状态,第四开关组处于关断状态,则该2I的电流通过第一支路,经由第三开关组以及跨阻放大器的第一输入端流入跨阻放大器。上文已经说明,该跨阻放大器的两个输入端虚短,假设输入电压均为V 0,跨阻放大器的阻值为R,则,与第一支路对应的该跨阻放大器的第一输出端的电压V 1=V 0+2IR,与第二支路对应的该跨阻放大器的第二输出端的电压为V 2=V 0。因此,该跨阻放大器的输出端的共模电压为V com=V 0+IR,则,与第一支路对应的该跨阻放大器的第一输出端的电压为V 1=V com+IR,与第二支路对应的该跨阻放大器的第二输出端的电压为V 2=V com-IR,也就是说,差模电压V 1-V com=-(V 2-V com)。
与此相似地,若第四开关组导通,第三开关组关断,则第二支路导通,第一支路断开,在跨阻放大器的第一输出端和第二输出端输出的电压则分别为V 1=V com+IR,V 2=V com-IR,即,V 1-V com=-(V 2-V com)。
由此可以看到,跨阻放大器输入端的共模电压与输出端的共模电压不同。虽然没有通过电流沉去除静态电流,但是通过使用与该输入端和输出端不同的共模电压相匹配的跨阻放大器,仍然可以得到所期望的模拟电压,用于指示不同的数字信号。
图8是根据本申请实施例的数模转换器700B的再一示意性结构图。具体地,图8示出了用于多比特数字信号的数模转换器的又一例,即,R>1。如图8所示,该数模转换器700B包括:第一电流源模块810、第一开关控制模块820和跨阻放大器730。其中,该第一电流源模块810包括分别配置于R个电流舵中的R个如图7中示出的第三电流沉711,该第一开关控制模块包括分别配置于R个电流舵中的R个如图7中示出的第五开关组721和第六开关组722。换句话说,每个电流舵包括第一电流源、第一开关组和第二开关组。R个电流舵构成电流舵结构,每个电流舵可以理解为电流舵结构的一个单元。该电流舵结构可以包括两个支路(例如,第一支路和第二支路)。
具体地,在该R个电流舵的第x个电流舵中,第三开关组的第一端、第四开关组的第一端分别连接于第三电流沉。R个第三开关组的第二端分别连接于跨阻放大器的第一输入端,R个第四开关组的第二端分别连接于跨阻放大器的第二输入端。即,每个电流舵中的 第三开关组配置于第一支路,每个电流舵中的第四开关组配置于第二支路,跨阻放大器的第一输入端连接于第一支路,跨阻放大器的第二输入端连接于第二支路。
由于R个电流舵中R个第一电流源模块共同提供电流,故该第一电流源模块810提供的电流I 1为由该R个第三电流沉提供的电流之和。假设每个第三电流沉提供电流2I,通过控制R个第三开关组和R个第四开关组的导通或关断,可以实现该第一电流源模块输出的电流大小在[0,2RI]的范围内调节。
仍以2比特的数字信号为例,则可以通过R=3的数模转换器来实现数字信号到模拟信号的转换。具体地,可以分别通过第一支路的3个第三开关组和第二支路的3个第四开关组来控制,实现第一支路的总电流可以在[0,8I]范围内调节,第二支路的总电流也可以在[0,8I]范围内调节。
需要说明的是,这里所示例的数模转换仅以热码形式为例进行说明,但这不应对本申请构成任何限定,本申请对于数模转换过程中的转码方式并未特别限定。
与此相似地,在用于更多比特数字信号的数模转换器中,可以分别通过不同支路中的第一开关组和第二开关组来调节第一支路和第二支路中的电流。为了避免赘述,这里省略对其详细说明。
应理解,每个电流舵中的第一电流沉的功能与上文中结合图7描述的第一电流源的功能相似,每个电流舵中的第三开关组、第四开关组以及跨阻放大器的功能在上文中已经结合图7详细说明,为了简洁,这里不再赘述。
因此,本申请实施例的数模转换器,通过完全去除第二电流源模块,换句话说,这类似于将流经第二电流源模块的静态电流控制为零,使静态电流全部流经跨阻放大器,从而减小数模转换器中静态电流产生的噪声。与现有技术中的单边开关型的电流舵结构相比,静态电流减少了2I,在保证相同的输出信号幅值并且不增加电路复杂度的条件下,大大减小了静态电流产生的噪声。同时,与双边开关型的电流舵结构相比,大大节省了静态电流带来的功耗。
以上结合图4至图8详细说明了完全去除第二电流源模块的情况,以下结合图9至图15详细说明未去除第二电流源模块的情况(包括情况三和情况四)。
在情况三和情况四中,可以通过对第二电流源模块的调节减小流经的静态电流I 2,甚至可以使静态电流减小至零,即,0≤I 2<I 1
图9是根据本申请另一实施例的数模转换器60的示意性框图。如图9所示,该数模转换器60包括:第一电流源模块61、第一开关控制模块62、第二电流源模块63和跨阻放大器64。其中,第一电流源模块61、第一开关控制模块62和第二电流源模块63构成电流舵结构。第一电流源模块61用于为该电流舵结构提供电流I 1,该第一开关控制模块62用于根据待转换的数字信号,控制该电流舵结构中的各支路与跨阻放大器64之间的导通或关断,或者说,控制连接于第一电流源模块61与跨阻放大器63之间的各支路的导通或关断。该第二电流源模块63用于调节流经的静态电流I 2,以控制流经跨阻放大器64的共模电流,该跨阻放大器64用于将流经的电流(可以理解,流经跨阻放大器64的电流并不一定与第一电流源模块提供的电流I 1相同)转换为模拟电压,并输出该模拟电压。由此,该数模转化器完成了数字信号到模拟信号的转换。
需要说明的是,第一电流源模块61可以对应于图3中数模转换器30中的电流源31, 第一开关控制模块62可以对应于图3中数模转换器30中的开关管#A 32和开关管#B 33,第二电流源模块63可以对应于图3中数模转换器30中的电流沉#A 34和电流沉#B 35,跨阻放大器64可以对应于图3中数模转换器30中的跨阻放大器36。应理解,这里只是为了便于理解本申请实施例的数模转换器60,结合了图3中示出的数模转换器的各个模块进行介绍,但这不应对本申请构成任何限定。例如,第一开关控制模块可以包括更多的并联的开关管。
特别需要注意的是,与图3中示出的单边开关型电流舵结构不同的是,流经第二电流源模块的静态电流I 2与第一电流源模块提供的电流I 1满足:0≤I 2<I 1。也就是说,部分或者全部静态电流流入了跨阻放大器,从而造成跨阻放大器输入端的共模电压与输出端的共模电压不同。因此,本申请实施例中的跨阻放大器与图3中示出的跨阻放大器也是不同的。
下面详细说明情况三和情况四。
情况三:
可选地,与情况一相似地,在第一类数模转换器中,第一电流源模块包括分别配置于N个电流舵中的N个第一电流源,该第一开关控制模块包括分别配置于该N个电流舵中的N个第一开关组和N个第二开关组,其中,该N个第一开关组中的第i个第一开关组的第一端、该N个第二开关组中的第i个第二开关组的第一端分别连接于该N个电流源中的第i个第一电流源,该N个第一开关组中每个第一开关组的第二端连接于该跨阻放大器的第一输入端,该N个第二开关组中每个第二开关组的第二端连接于该跨阻放大器的第二输入端,该第一电流源模块提供的电流I 1为由该N个第一电流源提供的电流之和,i∈[1,N],i、N均为大于或等于1的自然数。
可选地,第二电流源模块包括连接于跨阻放大器的第一输入端的M个第一可控电流沉和连接于该跨阻放大器的第二输入端的M个第二可控电流沉,其中,流经该第二电流源模块的静态电流I 2为流经该M个第一可控电流沉的电流和流经该M个第二可控电流沉的电流之和,M为大于或等于1的自然数。
图10是根据本申请另一实施例的数模转换器500C的示意性结构图。具体地,图10示出了用于单比特数字信号的数模转换器的又一例,即,N=1。如图10所示,该数模转换器500C包括:第一电流源模块510、第一开关控制模块520、跨阻放大器530和第二电流源模块540。其中,第一电流源模块510、第一开关控制模块520以及跨阻放大器530可以与图5中示出的数模转换器500A中的第一电流源模块510、第一开关控制模块520和跨阻放大器530相同。该第二电流源模块540可以包括第一可控电流沉541和第二可控电流沉542。该第一电流源模块510、第一开关控制模块520和第二电流源模块540构成电流舵结构。该电流舵结构包括两个支路,例如记作第一支路和第二支路,该第一支路和第二支路可以是与图5中示出的第一支路和第二支路相同的两个支路。并且,第一电流源模块510、第一开关控制模块520以及跨阻放大器530的连接关系与图5中示出的连接关系相同。该第二电流源模块540所包含的第一可控电流沉子模块541配置于第一支路,该第二电流源模块540所包含的第二可控电流沉子模块542配置于第二支路。该第一可控电流沉子模块541可以连接于该跨阻放大器530的第一输入端,该第二可控电流沉子模块542可以连接于该跨阻放大器530的第二输入端。该第一可控电流沉子模块541和第二可控电流沉子模块542可以分别控制第二电流源模块与第一支路和第二支路之间的导通或 关断,并在导通的情况下控制流经第二电流源模块的静态电流大小。
可选地,该第二电流源模块540包括连接于跨阻放大器530的第一输入端的M个第一可控电流沉和连接于跨阻放大器530的第二输入端的M个第二可控电流沉,其中,M为大于或等于1的自然数。
图11示出了根据本申请另一实施例的数模转换器500C中的第二电流源模块540的示意性结构图。如图11所示,该M个第一可控电流沉并联连接于跨阻放大器的第一输入端和大地之间,该M个第二可控电流沉并联连接于跨阻放大器的第二输入端和大地之间。该M个第一可控电流沉构成第一可控电流沉子模块541,该M个第二可控电流沉构成第二可控电流沉子模块542。
第二电流源模块中的第一可控电流沉子模块和第二可控电流沉子模块的电路连接可以如图11中所示。具体地说,在该M个第一可控电流沉中,每个第一可控电流沉包括第五开关组543和第二电流沉544,在该M个第二可控电流沉中,每个第二可控电流沉包括第六开关组545和第三电流沉546。在第j(j∈[1,M],j为自然数)个第一可控电流沉中,第五开关组用于控制第二电流沉与第一电流源模块以及跨阻放大器之间的导通或关断,在第j个第二可控电流沉中,第六开关组用于控制第三电流沉与第一电流源模块以及跨阻放大器之间的导通或关断。
可以理解的是,第一可控电流沉子模块中的第五开关组和第二可控电流沉子模块中的第六开关组可以同时导通或关断,用于同时控制各电流沉(包括第二电流沉和第三电流沉)与第一开关控制模块以及跨阻放大器之间的导通或关断,由此,流经第一可控电流沉子模块的静态电流和流经第二可控电流沉子模块的静态电流相同,同一个可控电流沉子模块中的任意两个电流沉流经的静态电流可能相同或不同。
在图11示出的第二电流源模块的电路中,每个开关组包括至少一个开关管。作为示例而非限定,该开关管为MOS管。
具体地,在本申请实施例中,该MOS管可以为N型MOS管。如图11中所示,第一可控电流沉子模块中的每个MOS管的源极连接于跨阻放大器的第一输入端,每个MOS管的漏极连接于第二电流沉。第二可控电流沉子模块中的每个MOS管的源极连接于跨阻放大器的第二输入端,每个MOS管的漏极连接于第三电流沉。
在本申请实施例中,M个第五开关组和M个第六开关组的导通或断开可以控制流经该第二电流源模块的静态电流在[0,2I)的范围内调节。
假设该第一电流源提供电流I 1为2I,第一开关组处于导通状态,第二开关组处于关断状态。
若M个第一可控电流沉中的第五开关组和M个第二可控电流沉中的第六开关组都处于断开状态,流经该第二电流源模块的静态电流I 2=0。
此情况下,若假设输入电压均为V 0,跨阻放大器的阻值为R,则跨阻放大器的第一输出端的电压为V 1=V 0-2IR,第二输出端的电压为V 2=V 0。也就是与图5中示出的完全去除第二电流源模块的情形相似。输出的模拟电压与数字信号的对应关系在上文中已经结合图5详细说明,为了简洁,这里不再赘述。
若M个第一可控电流沉中至少有一个第一可控电流沉的第五开关组处于导通状态,且M个第二可控电流沉中至少有一个第二可控电流沉的第六开关组处于导通状态,流经 该第二电流源模块的静态电流I 2为流经该导通的第二电流沉的电流和导通的第三电流沉的电流之和,该静态电流I 2与流经第一电流源模块的电流I 1之间满足0<I 2<I 1
如上文所述,由于假设第一开关组处于导通状态,该第一可控电流沉子模块中的第五开关组用于控制对应的第二电流沉与第一电流源模块以及跨阻放大器之间的导通或关断;由于第二开关组处于断开状态,该第二可控电流沉子模块与第一电流源模块之间断路,则该第二可控电流沉子模块中的第六开关组用于控制对应的第三电流沉与跨阻放大器之间的导通或关断。
可以理解,随着M个第一可控电流沉中处于导通状态的第五开关组和M个第二可控电流沉中处于导通状态的第六开关组的数量的增多,流经该第二电流源模块的静态电流I 2的值也增大,但仍然满足0<I 2<I 1
此情况下,若假设输入电压均为V 0,跨阻放大器的阻值为R,流经第一可控电流沉子模块的静态电流均为I-△I,则,跨阻放大器中与第一支路对应的电阻(即,图中R 1)中流过的电流为I 3=I+△I。为了保持从第二可控电流沉子模块中流经的静态电流与流经第一可控电流沉子模块中的静态电流相同,跨阻放大器可用于向第二可控电流沉子模块提供电流,此时流经跨阻放大器中与第二支路对应的电阻(即,图中R 2)中的电流为I 4=I-△I。因此,该跨阻放大器的第一输出端的电压为V 1=V 0-(I+△I)R,第二输出端的电压为V 2=V 0+(I-△I)R。则可以得到,该跨阻放大器的输出端的共模电压为V com=V 0-△IR,与第一支路对应的该跨阻放大器的第一输出端的电压为V 1=V com-IR,与第二支路对应的该跨阻放大器的第二输出端的电压为V 2=V com+IR,也就是说,差模电压V 1-V com=-(V 2-V com)。
与之相似地,假设第二开关组处于导通状态,第一开关组处于关断状态,则该跨阻放大器输出端的电压分别为V 1=V 0+(I-△I)R,V 2=V 0-(I+△I)R,即,V 1-V com=-(V 2-V com)。应理解,第二开关组导通、第一开关组关断的情形与第一开关组导通、第二开关组关断的情形相似,为了简洁,这里省略其详细说明。
由此可以看到,跨阻放大器输入端的共模电压与输出端的共模电压不同。虽然没有通过电流沉去除全部静态电流,但是通过使用与该输入端和输出端不同的共模电压相匹配的跨阻放大器,仍然可以得到所期望的模拟电压,用于指示不同的数字信号。
需要说明的是,在图10中示出的数模转换器中,接入跨阻放大器的两条支路中,流经两个电阻的电流方向是相反的,其中,流过第一支路中的电阻(例如,R 1)的电流是由第一输入端流向第一输出端,该电流是由第一电流源提供的电流I 1中的一部分;流过第二支路中的电阻(例如,R 2)的电流是由第二输出端流向第二输入端,该电流是由跨阻放大器的第一输出端提供的。可以理解的是,对于运算放大器而言,输入端的正、负端与输出端的正、负端是方向的,即,该跨阻放大器的第二输入端为负输入端,第一输出端为负输出端。也就是说,流过该第二支路中的电阻的电流是由该跨阻放大器的负输出端提供的。为了简洁,以下省略对相同或相似情况的说明。
图12是根据本申请另一实施例的数模转换器500D的另一示意性结构图。具体地,图12示出了用于多比特数字信号的数模转换器的一例,即,N>1。如图12所示,该数模转换器500D包括第一电流源模块610、第一开关控制模块620、跨阻放大器530和第二电流源模块540。具体地,第一电流源模块610、第一开关控制模块620与图6中示出的第一 电流源模块610和第一开关控制模块620的结构、连接关系相似,这里不再赘述。第二电流源模块540与图10和图11中示出的第二电流源模块540的结构、连接关系相似,这里不再赘述。跨阻放大器530与图5、图6以及图10中示出的跨阻放大器的结构、连接关系相似,这里不再赘述。
在数模转换器500D中,第一支路和第二支路的开关组的功能与图6中示出的数模转换器500B中的第一支路和第二支路的开关组的功能相似,在流经第二电流源模块540中的两个可控电流沉子模块的静态电流分别为I-△I的情况下,跨阻放大器的输出电压分别为:V 1=V 0-(I+△I)R,V 2=V 0+(I-△I)R,或者,V 1=V 0+(I-△I)R,V 2=V 0-(I+△I)R,即,V 1-V com=-(V 2-V com)。
可以理解的是,在情况三示出的数模转换器中,若第二电流源模块中的M个第五开关组和M个第六开关组均处于断开状态,即,第二电流源模块与第一电流源模块以及跨阻放大器之间均断路,这种情况可以等同于第二电流源模块被完全去除,即,与情况一中示出的数模转换器相似。
因此,本申请实施例的数模转换器,通过对第二电流源模块的调节,使得流经第二电流源模块的静态电流减少甚至完全为零,以减小数模转换器中静态电流产生的噪声。与现有技术中的单边开关型的电流舵结构相比,静态电流减少了2△I,从而在保证相同的输出信号幅值并且不增加电路复杂度的条件下,大大减小了了静态电流产生的噪声。同时,与双边开关型的电流舵结构相比,大大节省了静态电流带来的功耗。
情况四:
可选地,与情况二相似地,在第二类数模转换器中,第一电流源模块包括分别配置于R个电流舵中的R个第一电流沉,第一开关控制模块包括分别配置于R个电流舵中的R个第三开关组和R个第四开关组,其中,该R个第三开关组中的第x个第三开关组的第一端、该R个第四开关组中的第x个第四开关组的第一端分别连接于该R个第一电流沉中的第x个第一电流沉,该R个第三开关组中的每个第三开关组的第二端连接于该跨阻放大器的第一输入端,该R个第四开关组中的每个第四开关组的第二端连接于该跨阻放大器的第二输入端,该第一电流源模块提供的电流I 1为由该R个第一电流沉提供的电流之和,x∈[1,R],x、R均为大于或等于1的自然数。
可选地,该第二电流源模块包括连接于该跨阻放大器的第一输入端的S个第一可控电流源和连接于该跨阻放大器的第二输入端的S个第二可控电流源,
其中,流经该第二电流源模块的静态电流I 2为流经该S个第一可控电流源的电流和流经该S个第二可控电流源的电流之和,S为大于或等于1的自然数。
图13是根据本申请另一实施例的数模转换器700C的又一示意性结构图。具体地,图13示出了用于单比特数字信号的数模转换器的一例,即,R=1。如图13所示,该数模转换器700C包括:第一电流源模块710、第一开关控制模块720、跨阻放大器730和第二电流源模块740。其中,第一电流源模块710、第一开关控制模块720和跨阻放大器730可以与图7中示出的数模转换器700A中的第一电流源模块710、第一开关控制模块720和跨阻放大器730相同。该第二电流源模块可以包括第一可控电流源子模块741和第二可控电流源子模块742。该第一电流源模块710、第一开关控制模块720和第二电流源模块740构成电流舵结构。该电流舵结构包括两个支路,例如,可以与图8中示出的第一支路和第 二支路相同的两个支路,并且,第一电流源模块710、第一开关控制模块720以及跨阻放大器730的连接关系与图7中示出的连接关系相同。该第二电流源模块740所包含的第一可控电流源子模块741配置于第一支路,该第二电流源模块740所包含的第二可控电流源742子模块配置于第二支路。该第一可控电流源子模块741可以连接于该跨阻放大器730的第一输入端,该第二可控电流源子模块742可以连接于该跨阻放大器730的第二输入端。该第一可控电流源子模块741和第二可控电流源子模块742可以分别控制第二电流源模块与第一支路和第二支路之间的导通或关断,并在导通的情况下控制流经第二电流源模块的静态电流大小。
可选地,该第二电流源模块740包括连接于跨阻放大器730的第一输入端的S个第一可控电流源和连接于跨阻放大器730的第二输入端的S个第二可控电流源,其中,S为大于或等于1的自然数。
图14示出了根据本申请另一实施例的数模转换器700C中的第二电流源模块740的示意性结构图。如图14所示,S个第一可控电流源构成第一可控电流源子模块741,S个第二可控电流源构成第二可控电流源子模块742。
第二电流源中的第一可控电流源子模块和第二可控电流源子模块的电路连接如图14中所示。具体地说,在该S个第一可控电流源中,每个第一可控电流源包括第七开关组743和第二电流源744,在S个第二可控电流源中,每个第二可控电流源包括第八开关组744和第三电流源747。在第y(y∈[1,S],y为自然数)个第一可控电流源中,第七开关组用于控制第二电流源与第一电流源模块以及跨阻放大器之间的导通或关断,在第y个第二可控电流源中,第八开关组用于控制第三电流源与第一电流源模块以及跨阻放大器之间的导通或关断。
可以理解的是,第一可控电流源子模块中的第七开关组和第二可控电流源子模块中的第八开关组可以同时导通或关断,用于同时控制各电流源(包括第二电流源和第三电流源)与第一开关控制模块以及跨阻放大器之间的导通或关断,由此,流经第一可控电流源子模块的静态电流和流经第二可控电流源子模块的静态电流相同,同一个可控电流源子模块中的任意两个电流源流经的静态电流可能相同或不同。
在图14示出的第二电流源模块的电路中,每个开关组包括至少一个开关管。作为示例而非限定,该开关管为MOS管。
具体地,在本申请实施例中,该MOS管可以为P型MOS管。该P型MOS管分别与电流源和第一开关控制模块的连接关系与上文中结合附图(例如,图5)描述的P型MOS管分别与电流源与跨阻放大器的连接关系相似,为了简洁,这里不再赘述。
在本申请实施例中,S个第七开关组和S个第八开关组的导通或断开可以控制该第二电流源模块中流经的静态电流在[0,2I)的范围内调节。
假设该第三电流沉提供的反向电流I 1为2I,第三开关组处于导通状态,第四开关组处于关断状态。
若S个第一可控电流源中的第七开关组和S个第二可控电流源中的第八开关组都处于断开状态,流经该第二电流源模块的静态电流I 2=0。
此情况下,若假设输入电压均为V 0,跨阻放大器的阻值为R,则跨阻放大器的第一输出端的电压为V 1=V 0+2IR,第二输出端的电压为V 2=V 0。也就是与图7中示出的完全去 除第二电流源模块的情形相似。输出的模拟电压与数字信号的对应关系在上文中已经结合图7详细说明,为了简洁,这里不再赘述。
若S个第一可控电流源中至少有一个第一可控电流源的第七开关组处于导通状态,且S个第二可控电流源中至少有一个第二可控电流源的第八开关组处于导通状态,流经该第二电流源模块的静态电流I 2即流经该导通的第二电流源的电流和第三电流源的电流之和,该静态电流与流经第一电流源模块的电流I 1之间满足0<I 2<I 1
如上文所述,由于假设第三开关组处于导通状态,该第一可控电流源子模块中的第七开关组用于控制对应的第二电流源与第一电流源模块以及跨阻放大器之间的导通或关断;由于第四开关组处于断开状态,该第二可控电流源子模块与第一电流源模块之间断路,则该第二可控电流源子模块中的第八开关组用于控制对应的第三电流源与跨阻放大器之间的导通或关断。
可以理解,随着S个第一可控电流源模块中处于导通状态的第七开关组和S个第二可控电流源模块中处于导通状态第八开关组的数量的增多,流经该第二电流源模块的静态电流I 2的值也增大,但仍然满足0<I 2<I 1
此情况下,若假设输入电压均为V 0,跨阻放大器的阻值为R,流经第一可控电流源子模块的静态电流均为I-△I,则,跨阻放大器中与第一支路对应的电阻(即,图中R 1)中流过的电流为I 3=I+△I。为了保持从第二可控电流源子模块中流经的静态电流与流经第一可控电流源子模块的静态电流相同,跨阻放大器可用于向第二支路中的第二可控电流子模块源提供电流,此时流经跨阻放大器中与第二支路对应的电阻(即,图中R 2)中的电流为I 4=I-△I。因此,该跨阻放大器的第一输出端的电压为V 1=V 0+(I+△I)R,第二输出端的电压为V 1=V 0-(I-△I)R。则可以得到,该跨阻放大器的输出端的共模电压为V com=V 0+△IR,与第一支路对应的该跨阻放大器的第一输出端的电压为V 1=V com+IR,与第二支路对应的该跨阻放大器的第二输出端的电压为V 2=V com-IR,也就是说,差模电压V 1-V com=-(V 2-V com)。
与之相似地,假设第四开关组处于导通状态,第三开关组处于关断状态,则跨阻放大器输出端的电压V 1=V com-IR,V 2=V com+IR,即,V 1-V com=-(V 2-V com)。应理解,第八开关组导通、第七开关组关断的情形与第七开关组导通、第八开关组关断的情形相似,为了简洁,这里省略其详细说明。
由此可以看到,跨阻放大器输入端的共模电压与输出端的共模电压不同。虽然没有通过电流沉去除全部静态电流,但是通过使用与该输入端和输出端不同的共模电压相匹配的跨阻放大器,仍然可以得到所期望的模拟电压,用于指示不同的数字信号。
图15是根据本申请另一实施例的数模转换器700D的再一示意性结构图。具体地,图15示出了用于多比特数字信号的数模转换器的又一例,即,R>1。如图15所示,该数模转换器700D包括第一电流源模块810、第一开关控制模块820、跨阻放大器730和第二电流源模块740。具体地,第一电流源模块810、第一开关控制模块820与图11中示出的第一电流源模块810和第一开关控制模块820的结构、连接关系相似,这里不再赘述。第二电流源模块740与图12和图13中示出的第二电流源模块740的结构、连接关系相似,这里不再赘述。跨阻放大器730与图10至图12中示出的跨阻放大器的结构、连接关系相似,这里不再赘述。
在数模转换器700D中,第一支路和第二支路的开关组的功能与图11中示出的数模转换器700B的第一支路和第二支路的开关组的功能相似,在流经第二电流源模块740的两个可控电流源子模块的静态电流分别为I-△I的情况下,跨阻放大器的输出电压分别为:V 1=V 0-(I+△I)R,V 2=V 0+(I-△I)R,或者,V 1=V 0+(I-△I)R,V 2=V 0-(I+△I)R,即,V 1-V com=-(V 2-V com)。
可以理解的是,在情况四示出的数模转换器中,若第二电流源模块中的S个第七开关组和S个第八开关组均处于断开状态,即,第二电流源模块与第一电流源模块以及跨阻放大器之间均断路,这种情况可以等同于第二电流源模块被完全去除,即,与情况二中示出的数模转换器相似。
因此,本申请实施例的数模转换器,通过对第二电流源模块的调节,使得流经第二电流源模块的静态电流减少甚至完全为零,以减小数模转换器中静态电流产生的噪声。与现有技术中的单边开关型的电流舵结构相比,静态电流减少了2△I,从而在保证相同的输出信号幅值并且不增加电路复杂度的条件下,大大减小了了静态电流产生的噪声。同时,与双边开关型的电流舵结构相比,大大节省了静态电流带来的功耗。
综上所述,本申请实施例的数模转换器,通过对第二电流源模块的调节,使流经第二电流源模块的静态电流减小甚至为零,或者,通过完全去除第二电流源模块,以减小数模转换器中静态电流产生的噪声。与现有技术中的单边开关型的电流舵结构相比,静态电流减少了2I,在保证相同的输出信号幅值并且不增加电路复杂度的条件下,大大减小了静态电流产生的噪声。同时,与双边开关型的电流舵结构相比,大大节省了静态电流带来的功耗。
应理解,以上示例的电路中的各元件以及连接关系仅为示例性说明,不应对本申请构成任何限定。本申请并不排除通过现有技术或者未来技术中的元件来替代本申请实施例中的元件,以实现相同或相似的功能的可能性。
还应理解,以上示例的数字信号与模拟信号的对应关系仅为示例性说明,不应对本申请构成任何限定。
本领域普通技术人员可以意识到,结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的各示例的单元及算法步骤,能够以电子硬件、或者计算机软件和电子硬件的结合来实现。这些功能究竟以硬件还是软件方式来执行,取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能,但是这种实现不应认为超出本申请的范围。
所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到,为描述的方便和简洁,上述描述的系统、装置和单元的具体工作过程,可以参考前述方法实施例中的对应过程,在此不再赘述。
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中,应该理解到,所揭露的系统、装置和方法,可以通过其它的方式实现。例如,以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的,例如,所述单元的划分,仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分,实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式,例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个系统,或一些特征可以忽略,或不执行。另一点,所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口,装置或单元的间接耦合或通信连接,可以是电性,机械或其它的形式。
所述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的,作为单元显示的 部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元,即可以位于一个地方,或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部单元来实现本实施例方案的目的。
另外,在本申请各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中,也可以是各个单元单独物理存在,也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。
所述功能如果以软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时,可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。基于这样的理解,本申请的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分或者该技术方案的部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来,该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质中,包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可以是个人计算机,服务器,或者网络设备等)执行本申请各个实施例所述方法的全部或部分步骤。而前述的存储介质包括:U盘、移动硬盘、只读存储器(Read-Only Memory,ROM)、随机存取存储器(Random Access Memory,RAM)、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
以上所述,仅为本申请的具体实施方式,但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此,任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内,可轻易想到变化或替换,都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。因此,本申请的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (16)

  1. 一种数模转换器,其特征在于,包括:
    第一电流源模块,用于为数模转换器提供电流I 1
    第一开关控制模块,用于根据待转换的数字信号,控制所述数模转换器中的各支路与跨阻放大器之间的导通或关断,所述第一电流源模块提供的电流I 1经由导通的支路流入所述跨阻放大器;
    所述跨阻放大器,用于将所述第一电流源模块提供的电流I 1转换为模拟电压,并输出所述模拟电压。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的数模转换器,其特征在于,所述跨阻放大器的输出端的共模电压与所述跨阻放大器的输入端的共模电压不同。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的数模转换器,所述第一电流源模块包括分别配置于N个电流舵中的N个第一电流源,所述第一开关控制模块包括分别配置于所述N个电流舵中的N个第一开关组和N个第二开关组,其中,所述N个第一开关组中的第i个第一开关组的第一端、所述N个第二开关组中的第i个第二开关组的第一端分别连接于所述N个电流源中的第i个第一电流源,所述N个第一开关组中每个第一开关组的第二端连接于所述跨阻放大器的第一输入端,所述N个第二开关组中每个第二开关组的第二端连接于所述跨阻放大器的第二输入端,所述第一电流源模块提供的电流I 1为由所述N个第一电流源提供的电流之和,i∈[1,N],i、N均为大于或等于1的自然数。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的数模转换器,其特征在于,所述每个所述第一开关组包括至少一个P型金属氧化物半导体场效应MOS管,每个所述第二开关组包括至少一个P型MOS管,所述第一开关组的第一端和所述第二开关组的第一端分别对应于所述P型MOS管的源极,所述第一开关组的第二端和所述第二开关组的第二端分别对应于所述P型MOS管的漏极。
  5. 根据权利要求1或2所述的数模转换器,其特征在于,所述第一电流源模块包括分别配置于R个电流舵中的R个第一电流沉,所述第一开关控制模块包括分别配置于所述R个电流舵中的R个第三开关组和R个第四开关组,
    其中,所述R个第三开关组中的第x个第三开关组的第一端、所述R个第四开关组中的第x个第四开关组的第一端分别连接于所述R个第一电流沉中的第x个第一电流沉,所述R个第三开关组中的每个第三开关组的第二端连接于所述跨阻放大器的第一输入端,所述R个第四开关组中的每个第四开关组的第二端连接于所述跨阻放大器的第二输入端,所述第一电流源模块提供的电流I 1为由所述R个第一电流沉提供的电流之和,x∈[1,R],x、R均为大于或等于1的自然数。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的数模转换器,其特征在于,每个所述第三开关组包括至少一个N型MOS管,每个所述第四开关组包括至少一个N型MOS管,所述第三开关组的第一端和所述第四开关组的第一端分别对应于所述N型MOS管的源极,所述第三开关组的第二端和所述第四开关组的第二端分别对应于所述N型MOS管的漏极。
  7. 一种数模转换器,其特征在于,包括:
    第一电流源模块,用于为数模转换器提供电流I 1
    第一开关控制模块,用于根据待转换的数字信号,控制所述数模转换器中的各支路与跨阻放大器之间的导通或关断,所述第一电流源模块提供的电流I 1经由导通的支路流入第二电流源模块和所述跨阻放大器;
    所述第二电流源模块,用于调节流经所述第二电流源模块的静态电流I 2,以控制流经跨阻放大器的共模电流;
    所述跨阻放大器,用于将流经的电流转换为模拟电压,并输出所述模拟电压;
    其中,所述第一电流源模块提供的电流I 1与流经所述第二电流源模块的静态电流I 2满足:0≤I 2<I 1
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的数模转换器,其特征在于,所述跨阻放大器的输出端的共模电压与所述跨阻放大器的输入端的共模电压不同。
  9. 根据权利要求7或8所述的数模转换器,其特征在于,所述第一电流源模块包括分别配置于N个电流舵中的N个第一电流源,所述第一开关控制模块包括分别配置于所述N个电流舵中的N个第一开关组和N个第二开关组,其中,所述N个第一开关组中的第i个第一开关组的第一端、所述N个第二开关组中的第i个第二开关组的第一端分别连接于所述N个电流源中的第i个第一电流源,所述N个第一开关组中每个第一开关组的第二端连接于所述跨阻放大器的第一输入端,所述N个第二开关组中每个第二开关组的第二端连接于所述跨阻放大器的第二输入端,所述第一电流源模块提供的电流I 1为由所述N个第一电流源提供的电流之和,i∈[1,N],i、N均为大于或等于1的自然数。
  10. 根据权利要求7至9中任一项所述的数模转换器,其特征在于,所述第二电流源模块包括连接于所述跨阻放大器的第一输入端的M个第一可控电流沉和连接于所述跨阻放大器的第二输入端的M个第二可控电流沉,
    其中,流经所述第二电流源模块的静态电流I 2为流经所述M个第一可控电流沉的电流和流经所述M个第二可控电流沉的电流之和,M为大于或等于1的自然数。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的数模转换器,其特征在于,所述M个第一可控电流沉中的每个第一可控电流沉包括第五开关组和第二电流沉,所述M个第二可控电流沉中的每个第二可控电流沉包括第六开关组和第三电流沉,
    在所述M个第一可控电流沉的第j个第一可控电流沉中,所述第五开关组用于控制所述第三电流沉与所述第一电流源模块以及所述跨阻放大器之间的导通或关断,在所述M个第二可控电流沉的第j个第二可控电流沉中,所述第六开关组用于控制所述第三电流沉与所述第一电流源模块以及所述跨阻放大器之间的导通或关断,j∈[1,M],j为自然数,其中,在所述M个第一可控电流沉中的第五开关组和所述M个第二可控电流沉中的第六开关组均处于断开状态时,流经所述第二电流源模块的静态电流I 2=0;
    在所述M个第一可控电流沉中至少有一个第一可控电流沉的第五开关组处于导通状态,且所述M个第二可控电流沉至少有一个第二可控电流沉的第六开关组处于导通状态时,流经所述第二电流源模块的静态电流I 2与所述第一电流源模块提供的电流I 1满足0<I 2<I 1
  12. 根据权利要求9至11中任一项所述的数模转换器,其特征在于,每个所述第一开关组包括至少一个P型金属氧化物半导体场效应MOS管,每个所述第二开关组包括至 少一个P型MOS管,所述第一开关组的第一端和所述第二开关组的第一端分别对应于所述P型MOS管的源极,所述第一开关组的第二端和所述第二开关组的第二端分别对应于所述P型MOS管的漏极。
  13. 根据权利要求7或8所述的数模转换器,其特征在于,所述第一电流源模块包括分别配置于R个电流舵中的R个第一电流沉,所述第一开关控制模块包括分别配置于所述R个电流舵中的R个第三开关组和R个第四开关组,
    其中,所述R个第三开关组中的第x个第三开关组的第一端、所述R个第四开关组中的第x个第四开关组的第一端分别连接于所述R个第一电流沉中的第x个第一电流沉,所述R个第三开关组中的每个第三开关组的第二端连接于所述跨阻放大器的第一输入端,所述R个第四开关组中的每个第四开关组的第二端连接于所述跨阻放大器的第二输入端,所述第一电流源模块提供的电流I 1为由所述R个第一电流沉提供的电流之和,x∈[1,R],x、R均为大于或等于1的自然数。
  14. 根据权利要求7、8、13中任一项所述的数模转换器,其特征在于,所述第二电流源模块包括连接于所述跨阻放大器的第一输入端的S个第一可控电流源和连接于所述跨阻放大器的第二输入端的S个第二可控电流源,
    其中,流经所述第二电流源模块的静态电流I 2为流经所述S个第一可控电流源的电流和流经所述S个第二可控电流源的电流之和,S为大于或等于1的自然数。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的数模转换器,其特征在于,所述S个第一可控电流源中的每个第一可控电流源包括第七开关组和第二电流源,所述S个第二可控电流源中的每个第二可控电流源包括第八开关组和第三电流源,
    在所述S个第一可控电流源中的第y个第一可控电流源中,所述第七开关组用于控制所述第二电流源与所述第一电流源模块以及所述跨阻放大器之间的导通或关断,在所述S个第二可控电流源中的第y个第二可控电流源中,所述第八开关组用于控制所述第三电流源与所述第一电流源模块以及所述跨阻放大器之间的导通或关断,y∈[1,S],y为自然数,
    其中,在所述S个第一可控电流源中的第七开关组和所述S个第二可控电流源中的第八开关组均处于断开状态时,流经所述第二电流源模块的静态电流I 2=0;
    在所述S个第一可控电流源中至少有一个第一可控电流源的第七开关组处于导通状态,且所述S个第二可控电流源中至少有一个第二可控电流源的第八开关组处于导通状态时,流经所述第二电流源模块的静态电流I 2与所述第一电流源模块提供的电流I 1满足0<I 2<I 1
  16. 根据权利要求7、8、14、15中任一项所述的数模转换器,其特征在于,每个所述第三开关组包括至少一个N型MOS管,每个所述第四开关组包括至少一个N型MOS管,所述第三开关组的第一端和所述第四开关组的第一端分别对应于所述N型MOS管的源极,所述第三开关组的第二端和所述第四开关组的第二端分别对应于所述N型MOS管的漏极。
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