WO2018185218A2 - Dispositif de représentation d'une image - Google Patents

Dispositif de représentation d'une image Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018185218A2
WO2018185218A2 PCT/EP2018/058723 EP2018058723W WO2018185218A2 WO 2018185218 A2 WO2018185218 A2 WO 2018185218A2 EP 2018058723 W EP2018058723 W EP 2018058723W WO 2018185218 A2 WO2018185218 A2 WO 2018185218A2
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
light
emitting diodes
array
opening angle
lens
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2018/058723
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
WO2018185218A3 (fr
Inventor
Peter Brick
Original Assignee
Osram Opto Semiconductors Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Osram Opto Semiconductors Gmbh filed Critical Osram Opto Semiconductors Gmbh
Publication of WO2018185218A2 publication Critical patent/WO2018185218A2/fr
Publication of WO2018185218A3 publication Critical patent/WO2018185218A3/fr

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B27/017—Head mounted
    • G02B27/0172—Head mounted characterised by optical features
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N9/00—Details of colour television systems
    • H04N9/12—Picture reproducers
    • H04N9/31—Projection devices for colour picture display, e.g. using electronic spatial light modulators [ESLM]
    • H04N9/3138—Projection devices for colour picture display, e.g. using electronic spatial light modulators [ESLM] using arrays of modulated light sources
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B27/017—Head mounted
    • G02B2027/0178—Eyeglass type

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for displaying an image according to patent claim 1.
  • An object of the proposed apparatus is to provide an apparatus for displaying an image with Leuchtdio ⁇ which allows a better quality of Darge ⁇ presented image.
  • the object of the invention is achieved by the device according to claim 1.
  • the light-emitting diodes are in particular individually controllable.
  • the light-emitting diodes are arranged and designed in such a way as to emit electromagnetic radiation in the form of radiation beams in the direction of a radiation side of the array.
  • the light-emitting diodes are designed to emit electromagnetic radiation beams with a first opening angle in the emission direction.
  • a collimation device is arranged at a predetermined distance after the array of light emitting diodes.
  • the collimation device limits the first aperture angles of the beams of the light-emitting diodes in the radiation direction after the collimation device a second opening angle.
  • the second opening angle is smaller than the first opening angle.
  • An imaging optics is provided in the emission direction after the collimation device.
  • the imaging optics are provided to direct the electromagnetic radiation to represent the image.
  • the image may be in the form of a two-dimensional image or in the form of a three-dimensional image.
  • ⁇ nen device is achieved improved efficiency and light output ⁇ yield.
  • the focusing of the radiation beams can be improved.
  • the provision of the collimation device achieves the higher efficiency and improved light output.
  • a better adjustment of the individual beam bundles can be made possible by the Kollimati ⁇ onsvorraum.
  • the bundles of rays can overall be aligned more precisely to a predetermined direction of radiation.
  • less mixing of adjacent beams is achieved.
  • so-called ghost images can be reduced.
  • an increased light output in the desired image representation is made possible and efficiency losses are reduced.
  • the collimation device has a plurality of collimating lenses.
  • a collimating lens is provided for at least one beam of a light emitting diode.
  • the collimating lens reduces the first opening ⁇ angle of the beam of the light emitting diode to the second opening angle.
  • the collimating lenses of the collimation device can be designed identically and allow the same reduction of the first opening angle to the second opening angle.
  • the collimation device may also have different collimating lenses, wherein the different collimating lenses have a different size and / or a different size reduction of the first opening angle ermögli ⁇ chen on different second opening angle. As a result, a further optimization of the radiation guidance can be achieved.
  • each collimation lens can be used for at least two beams of two
  • a collimating lens is provided for at least three beam bundles of three light-emitting diodes.
  • a collimating lens of the collimation device may be provided for an image pixel.
  • an image pixel may include one, two, three or more light emitting diodes.
  • a lens element of the lens array is provided for a collimating lens.
  • a lens element of the lens array can be provided for a plurality of collimating lenses.
  • a simplified structure with good quality of the displayed image can be achieved.
  • a lens element of the lens array can be provided for Kolli ⁇ mationslinsen an image pixel. In this way, the ray bundles of the image pixel are focused by a lens element on the imaging plane. As a result, an improved image quality can be achieved.
  • the collimation device can have a pinhole or a pinhole with a sub-lens array.
  • the pinhole has several holes.
  • the sub-lens array has a plurality of sub-lenses.
  • each hole of the pinhole can be assigned a sub-pinhole.
  • ge ⁇ a sub-lens can radiating side to an input and / or be disposed on an emission side of the aperture plate.
  • the pinhole can be formed on a Einstrahlseite which faces the array of light-emitting diodes, reflective for the electrical beam ⁇ bundles.
  • the reflectance may be greater than 30%, in particular greater than 50% or greater than 80%. In this way, a reduction of radiation losses is achieved.
  • the reflected beams can be reflected back from the light-emitting diode array and thus increase the overall radiation power of the device.
  • a Sublinse for beams of multiple light emitting diodes is provided.
  • a sub-lens can be provided for the beams of the light emitting diode ⁇ an image pixel.
  • the device is formed in such a way that a hole of the pinhole for beams of several light emitting diodes is provided. This achieves a simplified construction of the device with good quality of the displayed image.
  • a plurality of sub-lenses are provided for a beam of a light-emitting diode.
  • the device is designed in such a way that a plurality of holes of the aperture hole ⁇ is provided for a beam of a light emitting diode. As a result, an improved radiation guidance is achieved.
  • one hole of the pinhole and / or one row of the lens array can be provided for a plurality of light pixels, wherein a light pixel has three light-emitting diodes with the light colors red, green and blue.
  • a luminous pixel is formed from ⁇ in order to generate in particular a pixel of the displayed image.
  • the pinhole has a smaller distance to the light emitting diodes than an edge length of a light emitting diode is large. As a result, an improved radiation guidance of the radiation beams of the light-emitting diodes is achieved.
  • the pinhole has a smaller distance to the light emitting diodes than an edge length of a light pixel is long.
  • a light pixels we ⁇ iquess includes the light-emitting diodes, which are required for the representation of a pixel of the displayed image.
  • the light-emitting diodes may have two light-emitting diodes, in particular ⁇ sondere three light emitting diodes or light emitting diodes, a plurality of light-emitting pixels.
  • the Kollimationsvor- direction an optical filter element, wherein the Fil ⁇ terelement is adapted to transmit radiation beam in a pre ⁇ give incidence angle range and to block beams of rays outside the angle of incidence range.
  • the Fil ⁇ terelement is adapted to transmit radiation beam in a pre ⁇ give incidence angle range and to block beams of rays outside the angle of incidence range.
  • Opening angle can be achieved.
  • the opti ⁇ cal filter element may be formed to reflect back and / or absorb the radiation beams which impinge on the filter element outside the predetermined angle of incidence range.
  • the filter element is formed from a material transparent to the beam.
  • the filtrate ⁇ terelement has a structured surface, wherein the surface is formed in such a way to reach a total reflection on the structured surface ⁇ a desired reduction of the first opening angle of the radiation beam to the second smaller opening angle.
  • the surface may be in the form of pyramids, prisms, cone arrays or crossed prisms.
  • different geometric shapes of the structured surface can be used.
  • the filter element has a layer structure with dielectric layers.
  • Layer structure is transparent to the beam when the beams impinge on the layer structure in the predetermined incident angle range. Outside the incident ⁇ angle range, the beams are reflected
  • the filter element has a smaller distance to the light-emitting diodes than an edge length of a light-emitting diode is long. In one embodiment, the filter element has a smaller distance to the light emitting diodes than an edge length of a light pixel is long.
  • a light pixels at least includes the light-emitting diodes be taken Benö ⁇ for the representation of a pixel of the displayed image. In this case, a light-emitting pixel may have, for example, two light-emitting diodes, in particular three light-emitting diodes or else a plurality of light-emitting diodes.
  • the collimation device has a tapered reflection structure in the emission direction. In this way, a desired reduction of the first opening angle of the beam to the second smaller opening angle can be achieved.
  • the reflection structure has reflected inner surfaces.
  • a reflection structure may be provided for at least one light-emitting diode.
  • a reflection structure may be provided for a plurality of light-emitting diodes, in particular for light-emitting diodes of a light-emitting pixel.
  • An advantageous embodiment of the reflection structure consists in a tapered cylinder. Also with this embodiment, a reduction of the first opening angle of a beam to the second opening angle can be achieved.
  • the reflectance of the inner surfaces of the reflection structure may be greater than 50%, in particular greater than 80%.
  • the lens array is divided into a Mittenbe ⁇ rich and in a surrounding region, wherein in the central area, the lens elements are arranged in ⁇ a density greater than in the surrounding region. This achieves a greater resolution in the middle range.
  • the LEDs are integrated in one component.
  • a circuit for driving the LEDs is provided.
  • Light-emitting diodes integrated in another component.
  • the construction ⁇ part is arranged on the further component.
  • the assembly is simplified.
  • the array is subdivided into a central area and a surrounding area, wherein in the middle area the light-emitting diodes are arranged in a greater density than in the surrounding area. This achieves greater resolution in the center of the array.
  • an arrangement of a plurality of arrays of light-emitting diodes is provided, wherein the arrangement is subdivided into a central area and into a surrounding area, wherein in the middle area the arrays are arranged in a greater density than in the surrounding area.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic side view of a device for displaying an image
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic plan view of an array of
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic partial section of a device for displaying an image with a collimation device with several collimating lenses
  • FIG. 5 shows a schematic plan view of the collimation device with collimating lenses of FIG. 4 .
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic plan view of a detail of the lens array of Fig. 4,
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic side view of an off ⁇ section of a device with a Kollimati- onsvorraum, wherein a collimating lens is provided for a plurality of light-emitting diodes,
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic plan view of an array of
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic side view of a section from ⁇ a device for displaying an image with a further collimating
  • FIG. 10 is an enlarged view of a partial section of the device of FIG. 9 with a collimating device in the form of a pinhole and a sub-lens array
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic plan view of a Einstrahl ⁇ side of the pinhole of Fig. 10,
  • FIG. 12 shows a schematic top view of the sub-lens array of FIG. 10,
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic cross section through a pinhole with a Sublinsenarray on the Einstrahl ⁇ side and another Sublinsenarray on the emission side,
  • Fig. 14 is a schematic cross-section through another
  • Embodiment of a pinhole with a toner array with optical tapers Embodiment of a pinhole with a toner array with optical tapers
  • Fig. 15 is a schematic cross section through a pinhole with a Taperarray in a further ⁇ guide die
  • Fig. 16 shows a schematic partial section of a further
  • FIG. 17 is an enlarged partial section of the device of FIG. 16 with a collimation device in FIG
  • 19 is an enlarged view of a sectionausschnit ⁇ tes of FIG. 18 with a collimation in the form of an optical filter element in the form of mirror layers
  • 20 is a schematic partial section of another of a device for displaying an image
  • Fig. 21 is a schematic enlarged partial view of
  • FIG. 22 is a schematic plan view of the reflection ⁇ structure of FIG. 21, Fig. 23 to 30 are schematic representations of various
  • 31 is a schematic representation of a cross section through an array of light-emitting diodes with a monolithic arrangement of a control circuit for the LEDs,
  • Fig. 32 is a plan view of an embodiment of an array
  • Fig. 33 is a plan view of another embodiment of a
  • FIG. 37 is a schematic Representation of a section of a lens array with a central area and egg ⁇ nem surrounding area
  • FIG. 38 is a plan view of an embodiment of a lens array
  • Fig. 39 is a plan view of another embodiment of a
  • the device 1 shows a schematic side view of a device 1 for displaying an image.
  • the device 1 comprises an array 2 with light-emitting diodes 3.
  • the light-emitting diodes 3 may be designed to be controllable individually or in groups. For this purpose, a corresponding, not shown, Steuerervor ⁇ direction is provided.
  • the LEDs 3 of the array 2 may be identical or different.
  • the light-emitting diodes 3 can generate different wavelength spectra of an electromagnetic radiation 4.
  • the LEDs 3 may have a conversion element for the displacement ⁇ environment of the wavelength of the electromagnetic radiation 4, the light-emitting diode.
  • the light emitting diodes 3 are designed to emit an electromagnetic radiation 4 in a first Publ ⁇ opening angle 5 in an emission direction. 6 In the emission direction 6 after the array 2, a collimation device 7 is provided. The emission direction 6 is arranged perpendicular to the plane of the array 2. A light emitting diode 3 may have an edge length which may be in the range of 0.5 ym to 100 yym.
  • Each light-emitting diode 3 thus generates a beam 8 with ei ⁇ nem first opening angle 5.
  • the Kollimati- onsvorraum 7 is formed, by 5 of the beams 8 of the LEDs 3 to limit the first opening angle to a klei ⁇ Neren second opening angle 9 and ren to kollimie-.
  • 8 leave the radiation beam, the collimation device 7 in the direction of radiation 6 with the smaller second aperture angle 9.
  • an optical imaging device 10 is provided in the emission direction 6 after the collimation device 7, an optical imaging device 10 is provided.
  • the optical imaging device 10 is designed to direct the beam 8 of the LEDs 3 in a desired manner, ie image.
  • the beams may also be focused by the imaging device ⁇ 10th
  • the optical imaging device 10 may, for example, be in the form of a lens, a lens system or a lens array. Under an opening angle of the beam is the
  • Radiation understood in which at least a predetermined proportion of a maximum radiation power is present.
  • the opening angle can be determined by the range in which at least 10% of the maximum radiation power of the electromagnetic radiation of the beam is present.
  • the first and / or the second opening angle may be determined by the area ⁇ the one in which at least 10% of the maximum radiation Leis ⁇ processing of the electromagnetic radiation of the beam is present.
  • a two-dimensional, in particular ⁇ special a three-dimensional image using the light emitting diodes 3 of the array 2 can be generated. Under a picture each op ⁇ table perceptible representation is understood. An image can consist, for example, only from a white point of light or a representation of an object or a representation of a country ⁇ economy.
  • a light pixel 12 may include the light emitting diodes 3, which are intended to represent a pixel of an image.
  • a light-emitting pixel 12 includes three light diodes 3. The light pixels 12 is drawn with a dashed line.
  • the light-emitting pixel 12 can also comprise two light-emitting diodes 3 or more than three light-emitting diodes 3.
  • the light-emitting diodes 3 of the light-emitting pixel can emit electromagnetic radiation with different wavelengths.
  • the light emitting diodes 3 of the light pixel 12 may be formed to produce different visual ⁇ bare colors and white, especially in the oscillation light.
  • 3 shows a schematic representation of a plan view of an embodiment of an optical imaging device 10 in the form of a lens array 13 with a multiplicity of lens elements 14.
  • the lens elements 14 represent lenses that are connected to one another in an array.
  • the lens elements 14 are arranged in the illustrated embodiment in a constant grid in rows and columns at constant intervals.
  • a lens element 14 may be provided for at least one beam 8 of a light-emitting diode 3.
  • a lens element 14 may also be provided for a plurality of radiation beams 8 of a plurality of light-emitting diodes 3.
  • a lens element 14 for the beam 8 of the Leuchtdio ⁇ the 3 of a light pixel 12 may be provided.
  • a plurality of lens elements 14 may be provided for a beam 8 of a light emitting diode 3.
  • the lens array 13 may be divided into a central area and a surrounding area.
  • the middle area is arranged around a center of the lens array 13.
  • the distance between the lens elements 14 may be smaller than in a surrounding area.
  • the density of the Lin- is senimplantation 14 in the center region is greater than in situationssbe ⁇ rich. This achieves a greater resolution.
  • an outer edge region may be provided, which surrounds the surrounding area. In the outer edge region, the distance of the lens elements may be smaller than around the surrounding area. Examples of play is the distance between the lens elements 14 in the other ⁇ advertising area by a factor of 1.1 to 2 higher than in the central region.
  • the distance between the lens elements 14 in the edge area ⁇ can be greater by a factor of 1.1 to 2 than in the surrounding area.
  • the center region may e.g. the shape of a circular area, the shape of a rounded circular area or the shape of a circle
  • the central region, the surrounding region and / or the outer peripheral region may also have other sizes and / or shapes.
  • the central region may be concentric about a center of the lens array 13 and may extend over 10% or over 20% of the width and length of the lens array 13.
  • the edge region may be annular and circumferentially over 10% or over 20% of the length and the width of the lens array 13, starting from the outer side edges of the Lin ⁇ senarrays 13 extend.
  • the central region may, for example, have the shape of a circular area, the shape of a rounded circular area or the shape of a rectangular area.
  • the central region, the surrounding region and / or the outer peripheral region may also have other sizes and / or shapes.
  • the lens elements 14 of the lens array 13 may also be arranged in a non-periodic pattern.
  • the lens array 13 may be divided into a center area and a surrounding area, as stated above.
  • the center area is around a center of the lens array 13 is arranged.
  • the surrounding environment ⁇ area surrounding the central area.
  • the mean distance between the lens elements 14 may be smaller than in a surrounding region.
  • the density of the lens elements 14 in the central region is greater than in reliesbe ⁇ rich. This achieves a greater resolution.
  • an outer edge region may be provided, which surrounds the surrounding area. In the outer edge region, the mean distance between the lens elements 14 may be smaller than around the surrounding area.
  • the distance of the lens elements 14 in the surrounding area by a factor of 1.1 to 2 is greater than in the center region.
  • the mean distance between the lens elements 14 in the edge region can be greater by a factor of 1.1 to 2 than in the surrounding region.
  • the light-emitting diodes 3 can emit the same electromagnetic radiation in the emission direction 6 or emit electromagnetic radiation 4 with different wavelength spectra in the emission direction 6. For example, in each case a light-emitting diode 3 with a red color spectrum, a light-emitting diode 3 with a green color spectrum and a light-emitting diode 3 with a blue color spectrum can alternate in one row of the array 2.
  • the collimation device 7 is arranged in the emission direction 6 after the array 2, the collimation device 7 having collimating lenses 15.
  • a collimation lens 15 is provided for each light emitting diode 3 of the array 2.
  • the collimating lenses 15 are formed to narrow the first opening angle of the rays ⁇ bunch 8 in a second opening angle.
  • the second opening angle 9 is, for example, 30%, in particular ⁇ by up to 50% smaller than the first opening angle 5.
  • the collimating device 7 is schematically an optical imaging device 10 in shape a lens array 13 is arranged, wherein in the illustration, only a lens element 14 of the lens array 13 is shown.
  • the first opening angle 5 of the beam 8 of the light emitting diodes 3 may for example have 180 ° or less.
  • the second opening angle 9 of the beam 8 may be, for example, less than 100 °, in particular less than 90 °, after the collimation device 7.
  • a luminous pixel 12 with egg ⁇ ner LED 3 with a red color spectrum, a second light emitting diode 3 with a green color spectrum and a third light emitting diode 3 with a blue color spectrum for example, have an area of 31.5 ym x 31.5 ym.
  • a lens ⁇ nElement 14 of the lens array 13 may be provided for imaging plurality of radiation beams 8 more light emitting diodes. 3 For example, a lens element 14 of 12 x 12 pixel ⁇ light may be provided 12th A lens element 14 may have a diameter of 378 ym x 378 ym. Depending on the chosen embodiment, a lens element 14 for
  • Light-emitting diodes 3 of a first wavelength spectrum for example, be provided red light.
  • a second lens element 14 may be provided for light emitting diodes of a second wavelength spectrum, for example green light.
  • a third Lin ⁇ senelement 14 may be provided for light-emitting diodes of a third wavelength spectrum, such as blue light.
  • FIG. 5 shows, in a schematic illustration, a top view of a partial section of the array 2 of the light-emitting diodes 3 of FIG. 4.
  • the light-emitting diodes 3 are shown schematically as squares.
  • FIG. 6 shows, in a schematic illustration, a top view of a partial detail of the lens array 13 with the lens elements 14.
  • 7 shows a schematic representation of a section of a further embodiment of a device 1 for displaying images.
  • the beams 8 are bounded by three light-emitting diodes 3 by means of a collimating lens 15 to a second opening angle 9 and directed to a lens array 13 with lens elements 14.
  • the lens element 14 of the lens array 13 may also, for example, have a size of 378 ⁇ m ⁇ 378 ⁇ m in this embodiment.
  • the lens array 13 of the described embodiments can for example consist of plastic, polycarbonate, epoxy resin, silicone, PMMA or glass.
  • the collimating lenses 15 may be made of plastic, polycarbonate, epoxy, silicone, PMMA or glass.
  • 8 shows a schematic representation of a top view of a section of the array 2 with the light-emitting diodes 3, which are arranged in rows and columns.
  • the first frame 16 comprises the number of light-emitting diodes 3, the beam 8 of which is imaged by a collimating lens 15.
  • the first frame 16 in each case ⁇ summarizes a light emitting diode 3, as for example in Fig. 4 Darge ⁇ represents is.
  • a second frame 54 is shown in a lower area of the array 2.
  • the second frame 54 includes three light emitting diodes 3, which are satisfy by a collimating lens 15 forms ⁇ such as is shown in Fig. 7. As already ⁇ be executed, a collimating lens 15 may be at least one or more light-emitting diodes be assigned. 3
  • Fig. 9 shows a schematic partial section of a further device 1 for displaying an image comprising an array 2 having a plurality of light emitting diodes 3, a collimation device 7, a beam 8 of a light-emitting diode 3 with a two-th angle 9, wherein the beam 8 in the radiating ⁇ direction 6 is directed to a lens element 14 of a lens array 13 ge ⁇ .
  • a lens element 14 of the lens array 13 is used for a plurality of light-emitting diodes 3, in particular special for several light pixels 12 with multiple Leuchtdio ⁇ the 3 provided.
  • the lens element 14 is provided for 12 ⁇ 12 light pixels 12, each light pixel 12 having at least two, in particular three light-emitting diodes 3.
  • a luminous pixel 12 may have an area of 31.5 ym x 31.5 ym.
  • a light emitting diode 3 can have, for example, egg ⁇ ne area of 10.5 x 31.5 ym ym.
  • adjacent light emitting diodes 3 may be arranged in an array 2 a grid at equal intervals.
  • adjacent light-emitting diodes 3 of an array 2 can also be arranged in a grid with different distances.
  • LEDs 3 of an array 2 may also be arranged in a random arrangement with different distances.
  • the light-emitting diodes 3 of an array 2 are arranged in a grid, and the spacings of adjacent light-emitting diodes 3 are the same in a center region of the array 2.
  • the light-emitting diodes 3 have a smaller distance in the middle region than in a surrounding region which surrounds the central region. In the surrounding area, the distances between adjacent light-emitting diodes 3 are the same. The distances between see two adjacent light emitting diodes 3 may be in the surrounding area, for example by 10% or 50% or even 100% greater than the distances between adjacent LEDs in the center region.
  • an outer edge region may surround the surrounding region, wherein in the outer edge region the distances between adjacent light-emitting diodes are, for example, 10% or 50% or even 100% greater than the spacings of adjacent light-emitting diodes in the surrounding region.
  • the center region may be concentric about a center of the array 2 and may extend over 10% or over 20% or more of the width and length of the array 2.
  • the edge region may be annular and extending over extend up to 10% of the length and width of the array 2 from outer side edges of the array 2.
  • the central region may, for example, have the shape of a circular area, the shape of a rounded circular area or the shape of a rectangular area.
  • the central region, the surrounding region and / or the outer peripheral region may also have other sizes and / or shapes.
  • the distances of adjacent light emitting diodes 3 may also vary.
  • an average spacing of adjacent light-emitting diodes in the surrounding area may be, for example, 10% or 50% or even 100% greater than an average spacing of adjacent light-emitting diodes in the center region.
  • an averaged spacing of adjacent light-emitting diodes, for example, 10% or 50% or even 100% may be greater than the overall distance between adjacent light emitting diodes in karte decisionssbe ⁇ rich.
  • arrays 2 can be provided with light-emitting diodes ⁇ .
  • Adjacent light-emitting diodes 3 may have a constant distance or varying distances from one another in the array 2 over the entire array 2.
  • the arrays 2 may be arranged in a grid with equal spacing between adjacent arrays or at different distances between adjacent arrays.
  • the spacings of adjacent arrays 2 in egg ⁇ nem center region of the arrangement are the same size.
  • the arrays 2 in the center region of the arrangement at a smaller distance than in a surrounding area surrounding the center area.
  • the distances of adjacent arrays 2 are the same.
  • the distances of the arrays in the other ⁇ advertising area can, for example 10% or 50% or 100% or more greater than the distances between adjacent arrays in the central region.
  • an outer edge region may surround the surrounding region, wherein in the outer edge region, the distances of adjacent arrays, for example by 10% or 50% or by 100% or are larger than the spacing of adjacent arrays in the surrounding area. Depending on the chosen design, it is also possible to dispense with the edge area.
  • the center region may be arranged concentrically around a center of the array 2 and extend over 10% or over 20% of the width and the length of the array 2.
  • the edge region may be annular and circumferentially over 10% or over 20% of the length and the width of the array 2, starting from the outer sokan ⁇ th of the array 2 extend.
  • the central region may, for example, have the shape of a circular area, the shape of a rounded circular area or the shape of a rectangular area. Depending on the chosen embodiment, the central region, the surrounding region and / or the outer peripheral region may also have other sizes and / or shapes.
  • the distances of adjacent arrays 2 may also vary.
  • Example ⁇ example an average distance between adjacent arrays in recirculated dicas Scheme for example by 10% or 50% or 100% or more larger than an average distance between adjacent arrays in the central region.
  • an averaged spacing of adjacent arrays can be, for example, 10% or 50% or 100% or more greater than the average distance of neighboring arrays in the surrounding region.
  • Fig. 10 shows an enlarged partial section of the device 1 of Fig. 9.
  • a light emitting diode 3 of the array 2 is shown in cross section.
  • the light-emitting diode 3 may, for example, have an area of 10 ⁇ m ⁇ 30 ⁇ m.
  • a collimation device 7 in the form of a pinhole 17 and a sub-lens array 18 is arranged in the emission direction 6 in front of the light-emitting diode 3.
  • the sub-lens array 18 is arranged in the illustrated embodiment on a radiation side of the pinhole 17.
  • the pinhole 17 is disposed between the sub-lens array 18 and the light emitting diode 3.
  • the hole ⁇ aperture 17 has a plurality of holes 19.
  • the holes 19 have a defined diameter and are, for example, se formed in cross section as a circular area. By means of the holes 19 it is achieved that the electromagnetic beams 4 of the light-emitting diodes 3 can be emitted in the emission direction after the pinhole 17 only in a desired angular range, in particular with second opening angles 9.
  • the angular range and in particular the second opening angle ⁇ 9 is additionally affect enced by the Sublinsenarray 18th
  • the sub-lens array 18 has a plurality of sub-lenses 20, wherein in the illustrated embodiment, in each case one sub-line 20 is arranged above a hole 19 of the perforated screen 17.
  • the pinhole 17 may be formed on a Einstrahlseite 21, which faces the light emitting diode 3, reflective or specular.
  • WEI se may electromagnetic radiation 4, which falls on the beam ⁇ A page 21 of the aperture plate 17, are reflected back to the light emitting diode.
  • another material 22 may be provided between the light emitting diode 3 and the pinhole 17.
  • the optical refractive index of the Sublinsenarrays 18 may be larger than the optical Brechungsin ⁇ dex of the further material 22.
  • the additional material 22 is formed of a diode for the electromagnetic radiation 4, the lighting device 3 of the array 2 transparent material.
  • the additional material 22 may be formed in the form of silicone.
  • the pinhole 17 may be formed on a radiation side 23, which is arranged facing away from the array 2, reflective or scattering.
  • external electromagnetic radiation 24 which impinges on the emission side 23 of the pinhole 17, can be reflected back or scattered back to ⁇ .
  • the reflectance of the pinhole 17 has on the Einstrahlseite 21 and / or on the Abstrahlseite 23, for example, at least 50%, in particular ⁇ special at least 80% of the incident electromagnetic radiation.
  • the pinhole 17 has, depending on the selected embodiment, a distance 25 from the light emitting diode 3, which is smaller than an edge length of a light emitting diode 3.
  • the pinhole has a smaller distance to the light emitting diodes than an edge length of a light pixel is long.
  • At least one light-emitting pixel comprises the light-emitting diodes which are used to display a
  • Pixel of the displayed image are needed.
  • Pixel of the displayed image may have two light-emitting diodes, in particular ⁇ sondere three light emitting diodes or light emitting diodes, a plurality of light-emitting pixels.
  • the sub-lens array 18 may be made of a material having a refractive index ranging, for example, in the range of 1.5 to 2.
  • the further material 22 may have a refractive index which is in the range between 1.3 and 1.5.
  • the sub-lens array 18 can also be dispensed with.
  • the sub-lens array 18 has sub-lenses 20, which for example have the shape of a partial sphere, a sub-cylinder, etc.
  • a pre-collimation with sub-lenses 20 can be achieved, which have, for example, aspherical, coaxial partial spherical shapes.
  • the sub-lens array 18 may be rotated by 180 °, so that the part-spherical surfaces of the sub-lens array 18 of the pinhole 17 facing and a flat side of the sub-lens array 18 is disposed away from the pinhole 17.
  • a flat side 26 of the sub-lens array 18 of the pinhole 17 is supplied ⁇ .
  • the sub-lens array 18 can also be arranged on the irradiation side 21 of the perforated panel 17.
  • a sub-lens array 18 can be arranged on both sides of the perforated panel 17 in each case.
  • the pinhole 17 is formed in such a manner that the radiation 4 of the light ⁇ diodes 3 is reduced from the first opening angle 5 to the smaller second opening angle 9.
  • the first opening ⁇ angle of the LEDs 3 may be up to 180 °, that is + 90 ° and - be 90 ° with respect to the radiation direction.
  • 6 Be according to the pinhole 17 of the second opening angle is 9 Example ⁇ example + 45 ° and -45 ° relative to the direction of radiation 6.
  • the second opening angle 9 may form smaller or larger ⁇ out.
  • the first opening ⁇ angle of the LEDs 3 may be up to 180 °, that is + 90 ° and - be 90 ° with respect to the radiation direction. 6 After the pinhole 17 and the sub-lens array 18 is the second
  • the sub-lens array 18 can also have optical elements in the form of plano-convex converging lenses.
  • the sublenses are each convex on an outer side and each plan is formed on an inner side.
  • the convex sides of the sublenses may, for example, be spherical or aspherical.
  • the Sublinsen 20 of the Sublinsenarrays 18 are, for example einstü ⁇ one piece integrally combined with each other.
  • the sublenses are arranged side by side in a regular grid arrangement.
  • the lattice arrangement corresponds to, for example, the arrangement of the holes 19 of the aperture plate 17.
  • the aperture plate 17 is formed in the shape of a flat disc and in Wesent ⁇ union parallel to an emission side of the light emitting diodes 3 of the array 2, that is arranged perpendicular to the emission direction 6 ⁇ .
  • the pinhole 17 may be laminated or applied as metal ⁇ tion on the Sublinsenarray 18 or on another transparent support. Depending on the embodiment chosen, the pinhole 17 may be made using a white ink.
  • the holes 19 may have in cross section, for example, round or rectangular Querschnit ⁇ te.
  • the diameter of the holes 19 may be at least 50% or 90% smaller than an edge length of a light emitting diode 3 in one embodiment. In addition, the holes can be even smaller, but also larger.
  • FIG. 11 shows a schematic representation of a partial section of the perforated plate 17 with the holes 19.
  • FIG. 12 shows a schematic representation of a plan view of the sub-lens array 18 with the sub-lenses 20.
  • Fig. 13 shows a schematic representation of an exemplary form of a collimation device 7, which is formed substantially according to the collimating device 7 of Fig. 10, but in addition to the Sublinsenarray 18 on the emission side 23 of the perforated diaphragm 17 also on the A ⁇ ray page 21 of the pinhole 17, a second Sublinsenarray 27 is provided.
  • the second sub-lens array 27 is formed and arranged identically to the sub-lens array 18.
  • the sub-lenses 20 of the second sub-lens array 27 are formed as lenses.
  • Each hole 19 is assigned a Sublinse 20 each.
  • the Sublinsen 20 of the second Sublinsenarrays 27 are formed to guide electro magnetic radiation ⁇ 4 in the holes 19th
  • the Sublinsen 20 of the second Sublinsenarrays represent 27 convergent lenses, which are designed in particular as PLANkon ⁇ vexe converging lenses.
  • the Sublinsenarrays 18 Depending ver ⁇ be dispensed and to the arrangement of the Sublinsenarrays 18 on the emission side 23 of the aperture 17 of the elected th embodiment.
  • the two sub-lens arrays 18, 27 or only one of the two sub-lens arrays can also be arranged with the flat side facing away from the pinhole.
  • FIG. 14 shows a further embodiment of a collision device 7 having a pinhole 17 with holes 19.
  • an optical tapering layer 28 is formed on the emission side 23 of the pinhole 17.
  • the toner layer 28 has optical taper 29.
  • the optical tags 29 can also be referred to as reflectors.
  • Each optical taper 29 expanding from an inner side 30 facing the aperture 17, in a direction towards the As ⁇ beam direction to the outer side 32 of the optical Taper Mrs 28th
  • each optical taper 29 has an outer surface 31 extending from the inner side 30 to an outer side 32 of the taper layer 28.
  • the outer surface 31 forms a lateral surface of the conically widening optical tapers 29. Electromagnetic radiation which passes through a hole 19 of the pinhole 17 in the taper layer 28 is totally reflected within the outer surface 31 of the optical tapers 29 and thereby directed to the outside 32 of the taper layer 28 ,
  • FIG. 15 shows a further embodiment of a collimating device 7 with a pinhole 17 with holes 19.
  • An optical tapering layer 28 is arranged on a radiation side 23 of the pinhole 17.
  • Electr ⁇ romagnetician radiation passing through the holes 19 of the aperture 17 in the Taper Mrs 28 is derkegeln to the interim ⁇ rule the individual optical tapers 29 formed cylinder 33 is reflected and directed toward the outer side 32 of the Taper harsh 28th
  • the cylindrical cone 33 begren ⁇ zen thus the optical Taper 29th
  • FIG. 16 shows a schematic representation of a section of a further embodiment of a device 1 for displaying an image.
  • a section of an array 2 with light-emitting diodes 3, a collimation device 7 and a lens element 14 of a lens array 13 are shown.
  • Fig. 17 shows a part of the device 1 of FIG. 16 with an enlarged partial section of the array 2 depicting ⁇ development of a light-emitting diode 3, and a section of the collimation device 7.
  • the collimating device 7 is formed in this embodiment in the form of an optical filter element 34 wherein the filter element 34 has a structured surface 35 on a radiation side 23.
  • the filter element 34 with the structured surface 35 is designed to limit the radiation of the light-emitting diodes 3 from the first opening angle 5 to the smaller second opening angle 9.
  • the first opening angle of the LEDs 3 can be up to 180 °, ie + 90 ° and -90 ° with respect to the Ab- beam 6.
  • the second opening angle 9 is for example +/- 45 ° relative to the emission direction 6.
  • the second opening angle 9 can also be smaller or larger.
  • the structured surface 35 may be e.g. be formed in order to transmit electromagnetic radiation 4 only in a predetermined incident angle range via a total reflection on the surfaces of the structured surface 35.
  • the structured surface 35 may be formed, for example, to transmit electromagnetic radiation at a predetermined angle of incidence, wherein the areas between 30 ° and 55 ° relative to a surface normal of the emission side 23 of the filter element 34 are arranged.
  • the filter element from the electromagnetic radiation ⁇ rule 4 the incident in the predetermined incidence angle range to the filter element 34, greater than 50 ⁇ 6, pass in particular more than 60%.
  • the filter element can be ⁇ forms 34 may be to less than 50%, passing in particular less than 40% of the electromagnetic radiation.
  • the surface 35 of the filter element 34 on the emission side 21 vitellswei ⁇ se pyramids, prisms, cone arrays, crossed prisms or other structures.
  • the filter element 34 may consist of an optically transparent material, in particular glass, plastic, epoxy, etc.
  • a further material 22 may be arranged in the form of a layer between a Einstrahlseite 21 of the filter element 34 and the light ⁇ diode 3.
  • the further material 22 is formed from a material which is transparent to the electromagnetic radiation of the light-emitting diode 3.
  • the refractive index of the filter element 34 may be greater than the refractive index of the further material 22.
  • the surface 35 of the filter element 34 may be provided with a planarization layer 36.
  • the planarization layer 36 is schematically illustrated in the form of a gestri ⁇ Chelten line. By providing the planarization layer 36, the structured surface 35 is protected. In addition, dirt deposits on the planarized surface 35 are thereby reduced.
  • the structured surface 35 of the filter element 34 may be formed in the form of flat surfaces, which to a normal of the emission side by area 23 of the filter element 34 are angeord ⁇ net related in an angular range between 40 ° and 80 °.
  • the structured surface 35 may be out as a roughened surface forms ⁇ .
  • the roughened surface may have an average roughness in a tactile measurement in the range of 0.1 ym to 10 ym. In particular, the roughness can be from 0.1 to 1 ⁇ m, in particular in the range of 0.4 ⁇ m.
  • the roughened surface can be produced using a grinding process or a par ⁇ tikelstrahlmaschines.
  • the structured surfaces or the pyramid surfaces, the prism surfaces, the conical surfaces, the crossed prisms can be arranged distributed in a periodic grid or randomly.
  • the surfaces may have various types of structured surfaces that are in an angular range between 40 ° and 80 °, in particular in an angular range between 50 ° and 75 ° relative to a surface normal of Ab ⁇ beam side 23 of the filter element 34 are arranged.
  • the structured surface 35 may have textured surfaces which are formed in the form of flat surfaces, said flat surfaces relative to the angular range between 40 ° and 80 ° 23 of the filter element 34 are arranged on a surface normal of the emission side, wherein the plan FLAE ⁇ Chen are also roughened.
  • the planar surfaces may have an average roughness in the range of 0.1 to 10 ym ym aufwei ⁇ sen.
  • the structured surface 35 may be formed, for example, in the form of a film or a substrate.
  • the filter element 34 may be formed of silicone, plastic, plastic, sapphire, glass or a transparent semiconductor material.
  • the filter element 34 has a distance 25 from the light-emitting diode 3 which is smaller than an edge length of a light-emitting diode 3.
  • the edge length of the light-emitting diode 3 can be, for example, in the range between 0.5 .mu.m and 100 ym, in particular between 10 ym and 30 ym lie ⁇ gene.
  • the filter element has a smaller distance to the light-emitting diodes than an edge length of a light pixel is long.
  • a light pixels we ⁇ iquess includes the light-emitting diodes, which are required for the representation of a pixel of the displayed image.
  • a light-emitting pixel can have, for example, two light-emitting diodes, in particular three light-emitting diodes or else a plurality of light-emitting diodes.
  • FIG. 18 shows a schematic partial view of a further embodiment of an apparatus 1 for displaying images having an array 2, a collimation device 7 and an optical imaging device 10, which is designed in the form of a lens array 13 with a lens element 14.
  • 19 shows an enlarged schematic representation of a detail of the device of FIG. 18.
  • a light-emitting diode 3 and a collimation device 7 in the form of a mirror 37 are shown.
  • the mirror 37 is designed to transmit electromagnetic radiation 4 of the light-emitting diodes 3 only in a predetermined angular range, in particular with a second opening angle 9.
  • the radiation of the light-emitting diodes 3 is reduced from the first opening angle 5 in the emission direction 6 to the mirror 37 to the smaller second opening angle 9 through the mirror 37 in the emission direction 6 towards the mirror 37.
  • the first opening angle ⁇ the LEDs 3 can be up to 180 °, ie +/- 90 ° with respect to the emission direction 6.
  • the second opening angle 9 is for example +/- 45 ° with respect to the emission direction 6.
  • the second opening angle 9 can also be smaller or larger.
  • the mirror 37 may be designed to reflect electromagnetic radiation 4 which impinges on an irradiation side 21 of the mirror 37, which angle is smaller than a predetermined angular range, at an angle of incidence.
  • a predetermined angular range for example, the angle range from which the reflection ⁇ xion increases, in particular a total reflection occurs, for example in the range between 0 ° to 45 ° relative to the plane of the Einstrahlseite 21 of the mirror 37 are.
  • the mirror 37 may be formed, for example, in the form of dielectric layers.
  • the mirror 37 may also be in the form of a photonic crystal.
  • Photonic crystals consist for example of structured semiconductors, glasses or polymers. Photonic crystals are, for example, be ⁇ forms to lead light to dimensions, which can be in the order of the wavelength. In addition, photonic crystals may be formed to pass light only in a predetermined angular range. Photonic crystals may exhibit periodic dielectric structures, de ⁇ ren period length is set so that the propagation influence of electromagnetic waves in a desired manner.
  • dielectric layers may be used for light emitting diodes 3 having different wavelength spectrums. This allows an improved adaptation of the reflectance to the wavelength spectrum of the LEDs can be achieved.
  • the dielectric may be used for light emitting diodes 3 having different wavelength spectrums.
  • Layers of the mirror 37 may be formed in such a way that a reflection occurs when the electromagnetic radiation 4 impinges with an angle of less than 45 ° on the Einstrahlseite 21 of the mirror 37.
  • the dielectric layers of the mirror 37 are formed in such a manner that the electromagnetic radiation 4 passes through the mirror 37 when the electromagnetic radiation 4 having an angle Zvi ⁇ rule 45 ° and 135 ° is incident on the mirror 21 Einstrahlseite 37th
  • the electromagnetic radiation 4 reflected by the mirror 37 can be reflected or absorbed by the array 2 and emitted again.
  • the mirror 37 has a distance 25 from the light-emitting diode 3 which is smaller than an edge length of a light-emitting diode 3.
  • the edge length of the light-emitting diode 3 can be, for example, in the range between 0.5 .mu.m and 100 ym, in particular between 10 ym and 30 ym lie.
  • the mirror has a smaller distance to the LEDs than an edge length of Leuchtpi ⁇ xels is long.
  • a light pixels includes at least the light-emitting diode ⁇ , which are required for the representation of a pixel of the ones shown, presented image.
  • a light-emitting pixels for example, two light-emitting diodes, in particular three Leuchtdi ⁇ oden or more light emitting diodes have.
  • FIG. 20 shows a schematic representation of a partial section of a further embodiment of a device 1 for displaying an image.
  • a device 1 for displaying an image.
  • an array 2 with
  • adjacent light-emitting diodes 3 may be arranged in a grid at equal intervals.
  • adjacent light-emitting diodes 3 can also be arranged in a grid with different distances.
  • adjacent light-emitting diodes 3 can also be arranged in a random arrangement with different distances.
  • the spacings of adjacent light-emitting diodes 3 in a middle region of the array 2 are the same size.
  • adjacent light-emitting diodes 3 have a smaller distance in the center region than in an environmental region surrounding the middle region.
  • the distances between adjacent light-emitting diodes 3 are the same.
  • the distances between adjacent light-emitting diodes in the surrounding area may be, for example, 10% or 50% or 100% or more greater than the spacing of the light-emitting diodes in the center region.
  • an outer edge area can surround the surrounding area, wherein in the outer edge area the distances between adjacent light-emitting diodes are for example 10% or 50% or 100% or more greater than the distances between adjacent LEDs in the surrounding area.
  • the central region may be arranged concentrically around a center of the array 2 and extend over 20% of the width and the length of the array 2.
  • the Randbe ⁇ rich may be annular circumferentially and extend over 10% or more than 20% of the length and the width of the array 2, starting from outer side edges of the array 2.
  • the central region may, for example, have the shape of a circular area, the shape of a rounded circular area or the shape of a rectangular area.
  • the central region, the surrounding region and / or the outer peripheral region may also have other sizes and / or shapes.
  • an average spacing of adjacent light-emitting diodes in the surrounding area may be, for example, 10% or 50% or 100% or more greater than an average spacing of the light-emitting diodes in the center region.
  • an averaged spacing of adjacent light-emitting diodes may be, for example, 10% or 50% or 100% or more greater than the average spacing of adjacent light-emitting diodes in the surrounding area.
  • the arrays 2 are arranged in a grid with the same or different spacings.
  • the array 2 are integrally ⁇ arranged in a grid and the spacing of adjacent array 2 are equally large in a central region of the assembly.
  • adjacent arrays 2 have a smaller distance in the center region than in a surrounding region that surrounds the center region. In the surrounding area, the distances of adjacent arrays 2 are the same.
  • the distances of the arrays in the surrounding area may be 10% or 50% or 100% or more larger than the spacing of adjacent arrays in the center area.
  • an outer edge portion can surround the peripheral region, wherein the outer peripheral region, the distances between adjacent arrays, for example, 10% or 50% or 100% or more greater than the distances between adjacent arrays in suppliessbe ⁇ rich.
  • the central region may be arranged concentrically around a center of the array 2 and extend over 20% of the width and the length of the array 2.
  • the edge region may be annular and circumferentially about 10% or 20% of the length and the width of the Ar ⁇ rays 2 from extending from the outer side edges of the array. 2
  • the central region may, for example, have the shape of a circular area, the shape of a rounded circular area or the shape of a rectangular area.
  • the central region, the surrounding region and / or the outer peripheral region may also have other sizes and / or shapes.
  • the distances of adjacent arrays 2 may also vary.
  • an average distance of neighboring arrays in the surrounding area may be, for example, 10% or 50% or 100% or more greater than an averaged spacing of adjacent arrays in the center area.
  • an averaged spacing of adjacent arrays can be, for example, 10% or 50% or 100% or more greater than the average distance of neighboring arrays in the surrounding region.
  • FIG. 21 shows a section of the device 1 of FIG. 20 in an enlarged view.
  • a light emitting diode 3 of the array 2 is shown.
  • the collimation device 7 is formed in the form of reflection structures 39, which are arranged in the emission direction 6 after the array.
  • the reflecting structures 39 have ei ⁇ NEN cross section perpendicular to the direction of radiation 6 which tapers in the direction of emission of the electromagnetic radiation 6 4 of the light-emitting diode 3 to a radiation opening 42nd
  • the collimation device 7 has a multiplicity of juxtaposed reflection structures 39, which are arranged in one plane. In FIG. 21, only one reflection structure 39 is shown.
  • the reflection structure 39 may be formed in the form of a cylindrical cone or a pyramid cone.
  • the reflection structure 39 has, in particular, a rotational symmetry with respect to a center axis 40, wherein the center axis 40 can be perpendicular to the array 2.
  • the reflection structure 39 is formed reflecting or scattering.
  • Electromagnetic radiation 4, which is radiated from the light emitting diode 3, is either directly emitted through the emission opening 42 or reflects upon impact with the inside 41 of the reflection structure 39 back and then over a further Re ⁇ flexion back toward the emission opening 42 directed.
  • the light-emitting diode 3 may also be designed to be reflective on the emission side and, for example, have a mirror layer.
  • the reflection structure 39 is designed to limit the radiation 4 of the light emitting diodes 3 from the first opening angle 5 in the radiation direction 6 in front of the reflection structure 39 to the smaller second aperture angle 9 in the radiation direction 6 towards the reflection structure 39.
  • the first opening angle of the light-emitting diodes 3 can be up to 180 °, ie +/- 90 ° with respect to the emission direction 6.
  • the second opening angle is obtained from 9 ⁇ game instance +/- 45 ° to the direction of radiation 6.
  • the second opening angle 9 may be formed smaller or larger excluded.
  • FIG. 22 shows a schematic plan view of a part of the collimation device 7 of FIG. 20 with a plurality of reflection structures 39.
  • the reflection structures 39 may also have other cross sections and / or shapes.
  • One function of the reflection structure 39 is to reduce the aperture angle of the beams of light emitting diodes from the first aperture angle to the smaller second aperture angle.
  • the emission opening 42 has a small ⁇ re area than an injecting port of Reflexionsstruk- structure 39.
  • a reduction in the opening angle of the radiation angle is achieved.
  • the Einstrahl ⁇ opening of the reflection structure in the range of 10 ym x 10 ym lie.
  • FIGS. 23 to 30 show various possible applications of the proposed device 1 in schematic representations.
  • FIG. 23 shows a schematic representation of the device 1 with an array 2 with light-emitting diodes 3 and a collimation device 7, wherein an optical imaging device 10 is used LED 43 represents a near-infrared ⁇ an image in a three-dimensional form for a viewer.
  • the device 1 may according to one of the described embodiments of Fig. ⁇ out forms from 1 to 22 his.
  • FIG. 24 shows a further embodiment of the device 1 with an array 2 of light-emitting diodes, wherein a collimation device 7 is provided between the array 2 and an optical imaging device 10.
  • the device 1 is designed to display an image.
  • the device 1 may be formed according to one of the described embodiments of FIGS. 1 to 22.
  • FIG. 25 shows a further embodiment of a device 1 with an array 2 of light emitting diodes, wherein a collimation device 7 is arranged between the array 2 and an optical imaging device 10.
  • the optical Abbil ⁇ -making apparatus 10 may comprise a curved optical reflector 44th Instead of or in addition to the optical reflector 44, a holographic optical element or a diffractive optical element may be provided. An image is displayed.
  • the device 1 may be purchased ⁇ det according to one of the ⁇ be described embodiments of FIGS. 1 to 22.
  • Fig. 26 shows a similar arrangement as Fig. 25, wherein in this embodiment, the optical reflector 44 as a planner
  • the optical imaging device 10 may be configured to represent a three-dimensional hologram.
  • the device 1 can according to one of described embodiments of FIGS. 1 to 22 be ⁇ forms.
  • Fig. 27 shows another embodiment for displaying an image, particularly a three-dimensional image.
  • a collimation device 7 is provided between the array 2 of light-emitting diodes 3. An image is displayed.
  • the device 1 may be formed according to one of the described embodiments of FIGS. 1 to 22.
  • Fig. 28 shows another embodiment of a device 1 for displaying an image.
  • a collimation device 7 is provided between the array 2 and the optical imaging device 10.
  • the optical imaging device 10 is designed to generate and display an image.
  • a holographic ele ⁇ ment 45 is provided, can be coupled via the light at a first location and can be decoupled at a second location for output again.
  • FIG. 29 schematically shows a further embodiment of the device 1, which shows a virtual spectacle 46, eg for the display of 3D images or 3D films.
  • the virtual glasses 46 has an array 2 with LEDs 3, wherein between the array 2 and two lenses 55, 56, which represent an opti ⁇ cal imaging device 10, a collimation 7 is provided.
  • Fig. 30 shows another application for the device 1, which is for example an adaptive flash, or a adapti ⁇ ves spot light in a car interior.
  • the device 1 has an array 2 with light-emitting diodes 3, wherein a collimation device 7 is provided between the array 2 and an optical imaging device 10. Due to the collimation device 7, a better efficiency of the projection optics, that is, the optical imaging device 10 is made possible.
  • the device 1 can according to one of described embodiments of FIGS. 1 to 22 be ⁇ forms.
  • FIG. 31 shows a schematic representation of a device 1 with an array 2 with light emitting diodes 3, wherein the
  • Light-emitting diodes 3 are not shown individually.
  • the Leuchtdio ⁇ 3 may be monolithically formed as well as in the other embodiments, either as single components or in a single component.
  • the array 2 is connected to a substrate 48 via backside contacts 47. In the substrate
  • driver circuits 50 and selection circuits for the individual LEDs 3 have.
  • the electronic circuit 49 for example, for each light emitting diode 3 has its own driver circuit 50.
  • the circuit 49 may monolithically be integrated in the substrate 48 and another
  • an interface 51 can be integrated in the substrate 48, ie in the further component 61.
  • the interface 51 is connected with the electronic comparable scarf ⁇ tung 49 and in particular to the driver circuits 50th
  • the interface is connected, which are formed for example as a contact pad on the substrate 48 with 51 to electrical circuits ⁇ 52nd
  • the component 60 with the monolithically integrated light-emitting diodes 3 can be arranged on the further component 61 with the monolithic integrated circuit 49, as shown schematically in FIG. 31.
  • the substrate 48 may be formed for example from a semiconductor Mate ⁇ rial, in particular of silicon.
  • the substrate 48 may consist of a silicon wafer, in particular a part of a silicon wafer.
  • a light-emitting layer 53 is disposed on the array 2, which shifts the light of the LEDs 3 in the wavelength at least partially.
  • the luminescent layer may, for example, comprise phosphorus.
  • the electrical contacts of the LEDs 3 of the array 2 are connected via the back to the substrate 48.
  • electrical contacts on the upper side of the light-emitting diodes 3 can also be conducted from the upper side of the array 2 to the rear side.
  • electrical Kon ⁇ clocks from the top of the light-emitting diodes 3 can be guided laterally to electrical connections of the substrate 48.
  • Fig. 32 shows a schematic representation of a plan view of an array 2 with different distances for adjacent LEDs 3 in predetermined areas. There are only schematically individual LEDs 3 shown.
  • the array 2 may e.g. 400x400 light emitting diodes 3 or more LEDs 3 have.
  • the array 2 is subdivided into a center area 154, into a surrounding area 155 and into an edge area 156.
  • the center region 154 is aligned concentrically with a center 57 of the array 2.
  • the surrounding area 155 and the edge area 156 are likewise arranged concentrically with the center 57.
  • the center region 154 may be e.g. the shape of a circular area, the shape of a rounded
  • the surrounding area 155 may have a rectangular outer contour and / or a rectangular inner contour.
  • the surrounding area 155 may have a circular outer contour
  • the edge region 156 can have a rectangular outer contour and / or a rectangular inner contour.
  • the edge region 156 may have a circular outer contour and / or a circular inner contour.
  • the center area, the surrounding area and / or the outer edge region also have other sizes and / or shapes.
  • the spacings of adjacent light-emitting diodes 3 in the center region 154 of the array 2 are the same.
  • adjacent light-emitting diodes 3 in the center region 154 have a smaller spacing than in the surrounding region 155, which surrounds the center region 154.
  • the distances between adjacent light-emitting diodes 3 are the same.
  • the distances of adjacent light emitting diodes 3 in the surrounding area 155 can be e.g. 10% or 50% or 100% or more greater than the spacing of adjacent light emitting diodes in the central region 154.
  • the distances between adjacent light emitting diodes e.g.
  • the center region 154 is concentric about the center 57 of the array 2 and extends e.g. over 10% or over 20% of the width and length of the array 2.
  • the edge region 56 may be circumferential and extend over up to 10% or 20% of the length and width of the array 2 from outer side edges 58 of the array 2 ,
  • the distances of the light emitting diodes 3 may also vary. For example, an averaged spacing of adjacent light emitting diodes in the environmental region, e.g.
  • an average spacing of adjacent light emitting diodes e.g. by 10% or by 50% or by 100% or more greater than the average distance of the LEDs in the surrounding area.
  • Fig. 33 shows a schematic representation of a top view of another embodiment of an array with 2 different? ⁇ chen intervals for adjacent light-emitting diodes 3 in predetermined Areas.
  • the arrangement is constructed essentially as shown in FIG. 32, but the center region 154 has the shape of a circular area and is arranged concentrically with the center 57 of the array 2.
  • the edge portion 156 has a rounded-off rectangular inner contour and a rectangular Au ⁇ chkontur.
  • the surrounding region 155 has a circular inner contour and a rectangular rounded outer contour ⁇ .
  • Fig. 34 shows a schematic representation of a Ausschnit ⁇ tes an array 2 having a central region 154 and a surrounding region 155.
  • the light emitting diodes 3 are schematically illustrated in the form of squares.
  • the center region 154 is separated from the surrounding region 155 by a fictitious dashed line.
  • the light-emitting diodes are each arranged in a grid at constant intervals.
  • adjacent light emitting diodes 3 have a smaller spacing in the x direction and a smaller spacing in the y direction compared to the light emitting diodes 3 in the surrounding region 155.
  • xl is the
  • Distance of the light-emitting diodes 3 in the x-direction in the center region 154 denotes. With x2, the distance of the light-emitting diodes 3 is designated in the surrounding area 155 along the x-direction. Yl denotes the spacing of the light-emitting diodes 3 in the y-direction in the center region 154. With y2 the distance is the
  • Fig. 35 shows a schematic representation of a top view of an array 59 of array 2 with LEDs 3, wherein adjacent arrays have in predetermined regions differing distances ⁇ che 2. Of the arrays 2 and the LEDs 3 only a few are shown schematically.
  • the arrangement 59 can have a multiplicity of arrays 2. Each array 2 may have a plurality of light-emitting diodes 3.
  • the arrangement 59 is subdivided into a central area 154, a surrounding area 155 and an edge area 156.
  • the center region 154 is concentric with a center 57 of the assembly 59 aligned.
  • the surrounding area 155 and the edge area 156 are also concentric with the center 57 angeord ⁇ net.
  • the center region 154 may, for example, have the shape of a circular area, the shape of a rounded circular area or the shape of a rectangular area.
  • the surrounding area 155 may have a rectangular outer contour and / or a rectangular inner contour.
  • the surrounding region 155 can have a circular outer contour and / or a circular réellekon ⁇ structure.
  • the edge region 156 can have a rectangular outer contour and / or a rectangular inner contour.
  • the edge region 156 may have a circular outer contour and / or a circular inner contour.
  • the central region, the surrounding region and / or the outer peripheral region may also have other sizes and / or shapes.
  • the arrays 2 are arranged in a grid, with the spacings of adjacent arrays 2 in the center region 154 being the same size.
  • adjacent arrays 2 in the center region 154 have a smaller spacing than in a surrounding region 155 which surrounds the center region 154. In the surrounding area 155, the distances of adjacent arrays 2 are the same.
  • an outer edge portion 156 may surround the surrounding area 155 by 10% or 50% or 100% or more greater than the distances between adjacent arrays in the central region 154., wherein in the outer Edge area, the distances between adjacent arrays 2, for example, by 10% or 50% or 100% or more are greater than the distances of the arrays 2 in the surrounding area 155.
  • the center region 154 may be concentric about a center of the array and may extend over 10% or over 20% of the width and length of the array 2.
  • the edge region 156 may be annular and extend over 10% or 20% of the length and the width of the array 2 ⁇ going from outer side edges 58 of the assembly 59.
  • the middle region 154 may take the form of a circular surface, the shape of a rounded circular area or the shape of a rectangular area. Depending on the selected
  • Execution may be the center area 154, the surrounding area
  • 155 and / or the outer edge region 156 also have other sizes and / or shapes.
  • an averaged spacing of adjacent arrays in the surrounding area may be, for example, 10% or 50% or 100% or more greater than an average spacing of adjacent arrays in the center region.
  • an averaged spacing of adjacent arrays can be, for example, 10% or 50% or 100% or more greater than the average distance of neighboring arrays in the surrounding area.
  • FIG. 36 shows a schematic representation of a plan view of a further embodiment of an arrangement 59 of arrays 2 with light-emitting diodes 3, which is substantially similar to the arrangement of FIG. 35, but where the center region 154 is in the form of a circular area, and where mecanickon ⁇ structure of the edge region 156 has a rounded rectangular shape ⁇ .
  • Fig. 37 shows a schematic representation of a Ausschnit ⁇ tes a lens array 13 having a central region 154 and a surrounding region 155.
  • the lens elements 14 are schematic ⁇ schematically in the form of squares.
  • the central region 154 is separated by an imaginary dashed line from ambient ⁇ area 155th In the middle area and in the surrounding area rich, the lens elements are each arranged in a grid at constant intervals. In the central region 154, adjacent lens elements 14 have a smaller spacing in the x-direction and a smaller spacing in the y-direction compared to the lens elements 14 in the surrounding region 155. With xl the distance of the lens elements 14 in the x-direction in the center region 154 is designated. X2 denotes the distance of the lens elements 14 in the surrounding region 155 along the x-direction. The distance between the lens elements 14 in the y-direction in the center region 154 is denoted by yl. With y2, the distance of the lens elements 14 in the other ⁇ advertising region 155 along the y-direction is indicated.
  • FIG. 38 shows a schematic representation of a plan view of a lens array 13 with different distances for adjacent lens elements 14 in predetermined regions. Only individual lens elements 14 are shown schematically.
  • the lens array 13 has a plurality of lens elements 14, e.g. 400x400 lens elements or more.
  • the lens array 13 is subdivided into a center area 154, into a surrounding area 155 and into an edge area 156.
  • the center region 154 is aligned concentrically with a center 57 of the lens array 13.
  • the surrounding area 155 and the edge area 156 are likewise arranged concentrically with respect to the center 57.
  • the center region 154 may be e.g. the
  • the surrounding area 155 may have a rectangular outer contour and / or a rectangular inner contour.
  • the surrounding area 155 may have a circular outer contour
  • the edge region 156 can have a rectangular outer contour and / or a rectangular inner contour.
  • the edge region 156 may have a circular outer contour and / or a circular inner contour.
  • the central region, the surrounding region and / or the outer peripheral region may also have other sizes and / or shapes.
  • the spacings of adjacent lens elements 14 in the center region 154 of the lens array 13 are the same size.
  • adjacent lens elements 14 have a smaller distance in the central region 154 than in the surrounding region 155, which surrounds the central region 154.
  • the surrounding area In the surrounding area
  • the distances between adjacent lens elements 14 are the same size.
  • the distances between adjacent lens elements 14 in the other ⁇ advertising area 155 may, for example, 10% or 50% or 100% or more to be greater than the distances between adjacent lens elements in the central region 154.
  • the distances between adjacent lens elements in the outer edge portion 156 for example, by 10% or by 50% or 100% or more greater than the distances of the lens elements in the surrounding area 155.
  • the edge area can also apply to the edge area
  • the middle region 154 is concentrically arranged around the center point 57 of the lens array 13 and it ⁇ , for example, extends over 10% or over 20% of the width and the length of the lens array 13.
  • the edge portion 56 may be formed circumferentially and extending over up to 10% or 20% of the length and the width of the lens array 13, starting from outer Sei ⁇ tenkanten 58 of the lens array 2 extend.
  • the distances of the lens elements 14 may also vary.
  • Example ⁇ example may be an average distance between adjacent lens elements in the surrounding region, for example, 10% or 50% or 100% or more larger than an average distance of the lens elements in the central region.
  • an averaged spacing of adjacent lens elements can be, for example, 10% or 50% or 100% or more greater than the average distance of the lens elements in the surrounding area.
  • Fig. 39 shows a schematic representation of a top view of a further embodiment of a lens array 13 having ⁇ under different union intervals for adjacent lens elements 14 in predetermined regions. The arrangement is essentially like Is constructed FIG.
  • the middle portion 154 has the shape of a circular surface and is arranged concentrically to the center point 57 of the array 2 ⁇ .
  • the edge region 156 has a rounded rectangular inner contour and a rectangular outer contour.
  • the surrounding region 155 has a circular inner contour and a rectangular torque ⁇ rounded outer contour.
  • a luminescent layer 53 may also be arranged on the light-emitting diodes 3 in all other embodiments of the previously described figures.
  • reflectors or reflector systems may also be provided instead of the lenses or lens systems.

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un dispositif de représentation d'une image, un réseau de diodes électroluminescentes étant pourvu, les diodes électroluminescentes étant disposées et conçues pour émettre, dans une direction de rayonnement d'un côté rayonnant du réseau, un rayonnement électromagnétique sous la forme de faisceaux de rayons, la diode électroluminescente étant conçue pour émettre un faisceau de rayons électromagnétique à un premier angle d'ouverture dans la direction de rayonnement, le côté rayonnant étant pourvu d'un dispositif collimateur, à une distance prédéterminée du réseau de diodes électroluminescentes, le dispositif collimateur changeant le premier angle d'ouverture des faisceaux de rayonnement des diodes électroluminescentes dans la direction du rayonnement selon le dispositif collimateur en un deuxième angle d'ouverture, le deuxième angle d'ouverture étant inférieur au premier angle d'ouverture, un dispositif d'imagerie optique étant situé après le dispositif collimateur dans la direction de rayonnement, ledit dispositif d'imagerie optique étant conçu pour diriger le rayonnement électromagnétique pour représenter l'image.
PCT/EP2018/058723 2017-04-05 2018-04-05 Dispositif de représentation d'une image WO2018185218A2 (fr)

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DE102017107303.5A DE102017107303A1 (de) 2017-04-05 2017-04-05 Vorrichtung zur darstellung eines bildes

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