WO2018180840A1 - 殻体、殻構造物および構造物形成セット - Google Patents

殻体、殻構造物および構造物形成セット Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018180840A1
WO2018180840A1 PCT/JP2018/011292 JP2018011292W WO2018180840A1 WO 2018180840 A1 WO2018180840 A1 WO 2018180840A1 JP 2018011292 W JP2018011292 W JP 2018011292W WO 2018180840 A1 WO2018180840 A1 WO 2018180840A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
shell
thin film
bubble
film body
space
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/JP2018/011292
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English (en)
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
北川啓介
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Jinzaikaihatsu-Sienkikou Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Jinzaikaihatsu-Sienkikou Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Jinzaikaihatsu-Sienkikou Co Ltd filed Critical Jinzaikaihatsu-Sienkikou Co Ltd
Priority to KR1020187034040A priority Critical patent/KR102020621B1/ko
Priority to CN201880002149.XA priority patent/CN110446821B/zh
Priority to US16/094,204 priority patent/US10422148B2/en
Publication of WO2018180840A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018180840A1/ja
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H1/00—Buildings or groups of buildings for dwelling or office purposes; General layout, e.g. modular co-ordination or staggered storeys
    • E04H1/12—Small buildings or other erections for limited occupation, erected in the open air or arranged in buildings, e.g. kiosks, waiting shelters for bus stops or for filling stations, roofs for railway platforms, watchmen's huts or dressing cubicles
    • E04H1/1205—Small buildings erected in the open air
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B15/00—Details of spraying plant or spraying apparatus not otherwise provided for; Accessories
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/32—Arched structures; Vaulted structures; Folded structures
    • E04B1/3211—Structures with a vertical rotation axis or the like, e.g. semi-spherical structures
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H1/00—Buildings or groups of buildings for dwelling or office purposes; General layout, e.g. modular co-ordination or staggered storeys
    • E04H1/02—Dwelling houses; Buildings for temporary habitation, e.g. summer houses
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H15/00—Tents or canopies, in general
    • E04H15/18—Tents having plural sectional covers, e.g. pavilions, vaulted tents, marquees, circus tents; Plural tents, e.g. modular
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H15/00—Tents or canopies, in general
    • E04H15/20—Tents or canopies, in general inflatable, e.g. shaped, strengthened or supported by fluid pressure
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H15/00—Tents or canopies, in general
    • E04H15/20—Tents or canopies, in general inflatable, e.g. shaped, strengthened or supported by fluid pressure
    • E04H15/22—Tents or canopies, in general inflatable, e.g. shaped, strengthened or supported by fluid pressure supported by air pressure inside the tent
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H15/00—Tents or canopies, in general
    • E04H15/32—Parts, components, construction details, accessories, interior equipment, specially adapted for tents, e.g. guy-line equipment, skirts, thresholds
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H15/00—Tents or canopies, in general
    • E04H15/32—Parts, components, construction details, accessories, interior equipment, specially adapted for tents, e.g. guy-line equipment, skirts, thresholds
    • E04H15/54—Covers of tents or canopies
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/32—Arched structures; Vaulted structures; Folded structures
    • E04B2001/3258—Arched structures; Vaulted structures; Folded structures comprised entirely of a single self-supporting panel
    • E04B2001/3264—Arched structures; Vaulted structures; Folded structures comprised entirely of a single self-supporting panel hardened in situ
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B7/00—Roofs; Roof construction with regard to insulation
    • E04B7/08—Vaulted roofs
    • E04B7/10—Shell structures, e.g. of hyperbolic-parabolic shape; Grid-like formations acting as shell structures; Folded structures
    • E04B7/102—Shell structures
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G11/00—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs
    • E04G11/04—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs for structures of spherical, spheroid or similar shape, or for cupola structures of circular or polygonal horizontal or vertical section; Inflatable forms
    • E04G11/045—Inflatable forms
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H15/00—Tents or canopies, in general
    • E04H15/20—Tents or canopies, in general inflatable, e.g. shaped, strengthened or supported by fluid pressure
    • E04H2015/207—Tents specially designed for insulation

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a shell body that can form a structure surrounding a space easily and in a short time, a shell structure in which the space is surrounded by the shell body, and a structure formation set.
  • the shell, the shell structure, and the structure capable of providing a shell structure that can be easily and inhabited in a short time without using heavy and bulky construction members and construction equipment.
  • the forming set Regarding the forming set.
  • Patent Document 1 discloses a technique of a structure that is safe against external force, in which a plurality of blocks made of foamed resin are arranged, and an initial stress of compression is generated on the arranged blocks by a tension member. It is said that it is possible to construct a large-span structure without using a prestressed concrete plate by generating an initial stress of compression on the arranged blocks by a tension member.
  • Patent Document 2 discloses a technique of an assembly-type dome in which a plurality of blocks made of a plurality of foamed resins are arranged in the same manner as Patent Document 1. It is said that a hemispherical living space can be formed inside by assembling a plurality of blocks forming an assembly-type dome.
  • Patent Document 3 discloses a technique of a dome-shaped structure used for a house or the like. According to the technique described in Patent Document 3, the glass fiber reinforced plastic material is doubled to be a partition wall that partitions the inside and outside of the living space. Because the partition wall is lightweight, it can be constructed in a short period of time, has a good appearance, and has a double structure.
  • Patent Literature 1 to Patent Literature 3 it was possible to construct a house simply and easily, rather than constructing it by wooden construction or concrete construction as in the past. However, in the event of a disaster with a shortage of construction equipment, it was not possible to provide temporary housing that was intended to be used only for a short period of several years in a short time.
  • the inventor of the present application researched a structure that can be constructed easily and in a short time even in the event of a disaster in which construction equipment is insufficient, and led to the present invention.
  • the invention of the present application provides a shell that can be formed easily and in a short time, a shell structure using the shell, and a structure formation set that can form the shell structure in a short time. It is an issue.
  • the shell in the shell forming a shell structure surrounding the space, includes a thin film body and a bubble-containing material body forming a layer, and the bubble-containing material body forming the layer includes The thin film body and the bubble-containing material body forming the layer are integrated with each other, and on the surface of the bubble-containing material body not fixed to the thin film body, a consolidated film having a low bubble density A tensile force is applied to both the thin film body and the consolidated film, and a compressive force is applied to the bubble mixed material body excluding the consolidated film.
  • the shell structure is a shell structure, but the shell is not limited to a curved shell, and may be a flat plate.
  • the thin film body is preferably a moisture permeable waterproof sheet that allows water vapor to permeate but does not allow water to permeate, but is not limited, and may be a paper material or a natural rubber material.
  • the material forming the bubble-containing material body is preferably a foamed resin obtained by foaming an organic resin, but may be a natural rubber-based resin.
  • the bubbles may be mixed in the state of closed cells, or the bubbles may be mixed in the state of continuous bubbles.
  • the size of the bubbles is not limited.
  • the bubble-containing material body is formed to form a layer, but the number of layers is not limited, and the number of layers may be determined according to the scale of the shell structure and the position where the bubble-containing material body is formed. .
  • the number of layers may be determined according to the scale of the shell structure and the position where the bubble-containing material body is formed.
  • the external force is small, it may be formed as a thin single layer.
  • the base having a large external force may be formed thick by overlapping a plurality of layers. Of course, the same number of layers may be stacked from the base to the top.
  • the thickness of the layer of the bubble-containing material body may not be constant, and the base may be thick and the top may be thin.
  • a tensile force is applied to the thin film body to which the bubble-containing material body is fixed by an expansion action when the material forming the bubble-containing material body is foamed.
  • the bubble air escapes from the surface of the sprayed surface, the volume of the consolidated film portion shrinks, and the bubble density to which tensile force is applied is increased.
  • a consolidated film having a high material density is formed.
  • a tensile force is generated between the thin film body and the consolidated film, and the bubble mixed material part sandwiched between them, that is, the bubble mixed material body excluding the consolidated film is foamed by the tensile force acting on both sides.
  • the compressive force generated by the accompanying expansion remains without being weakened. That is, a tensile force is applied to both the thin film body and the consolidated film, and a compressive force is applied to the bubble-containing material portion.
  • Consolidation film with high material density has a large allowable tensile stress equivalent to that of resin material.
  • the bubble-mixed material portion in other words, the portion where the bubble density is high has a small allowable tensile stress and is easily broken.
  • the compressive force applied to the bubble-containing material portion remains, so that the tensile force is not easily applied to the bubble-containing material portion. Is not broken.
  • the thin film body may be provided either outside or inside the space surrounded by the shell.
  • the shell is made to be a structure inhabited by humans, the size of the space is large, so the foamed resin can be sprayed from the inside of the space to the inside of the thin film without being affected by the external environment.
  • the foamed resin can be sprayed from the outside of the space to the outside of the thin film body.
  • the shell since the shell is lightweight, it does not require large construction equipment and the like, and a structure with high heat insulation can be provided simply and in a short time. There is no advantageous effect.
  • a compressive force is applied to the bubble-containing material portion sandwiched between the thin film body and the consolidated film to which the tensile force is applied, even if bending stress acts on the shell body, the thin film body or the consolidated film Until the material is broken by the tensile force, there is an advantageous effect that the bubble mixed material portion is not broken by the tensile force.
  • the second invention of the present invention is characterized in that the shell of the first invention is curved outwardly of the space, and the bubble-containing material body is fixed to at least the inner surface side of the thin film body. It is said.
  • the thin film body By forming the thin film body so as to form a closed space and pressurizing the inside of the closed space with gas, the thin film body can be easily curved outwardly. Because the shell is curved outwardly, the shell is not easily split by the force acting from the outside, and a high-quality shell is injected with foamed resin that is not affected by external wind, temperature, and humidity. There is an advantageous effect of being a body.
  • a third invention of the present invention is characterized in that the shell body of the first invention is curved convexly outward of the space, and the bubble mixed material body is fixed to the outer surface side of the thin film body. Yes. Since the shell is curved outwardly, it is difficult for the shell to be split by the force acting from the outside, and a small shell structure is also provided by spraying foamed resin from the outside of the thin film body Has the advantageous effect of being able to.
  • the fourth invention of the present invention is characterized in that, in the shells of the first to third inventions, the thin film body has light transmittance. Since the bubble-containing material body contains bubbles, if the material itself is not darkly colored, it has light transmittance according to the thickness of the bubble-containing material body.
  • the shell body is light transmissive, if the thickness of the bubble mixed material body is reduced, the shell body is provided with the light transmissive property to transmit light. Can do.
  • the shell structure formed by the shell body can be a temporary housing that can be lit from the outside.
  • the structure formed by the shell can be used as an advertising medium for transmitting a message from the inside.
  • the shape of the shell is formed on at least one of the outer surface of the thin film body and the space-side surface of the consolidated film. It is characterized by being provided with a layer that is difficult to burn along.
  • the layer that does not easily burn may be a coating layer or a foamed layer made of a resin that does not easily burn.
  • the bubble-containing material body forming the layer is made of a foam of any one of a polyurethane resin and a polyisocyanurate-modified resin, and
  • the bubble-encapsulating material body excluding the conjunctiva has a foaming ratio of 20 times to 100 times.
  • the bubble-containing material body that forms the layer is a foamed body of either a polyurethane resin or a polyisocyanurate-modified resin, the work of foaming and spraying is easy. Further, when the expansion ratio is 20 times or more and 100 times or less, in addition to facilitating the spraying operation, the strength and rigidity necessary for the shell can be obtained. Thereby, the shell structure provided with required intensity
  • the seventh invention of the present invention is characterized in that in the shell structure surrounding the space, the shell structure surrounding the space includes the shell body of the first to sixth inventions. According to the seventh invention, it is easy to surround the space with a shell that is light and easy to form, and the shell structure can be provided easily and in a short time without using large construction equipment. Can do. Furthermore, there is an effect that it is possible to recycle the bubble-containing material body having the shell structure.
  • the eighth invention of the present invention is a structure forming set, comprising a thin film body, a thin film body holding means, a bubble mixed material spraying means, and a resin material, wherein the thin film body surrounds a space.
  • the thin film body holding means holds the peripheral edge of the thin film body and closes the space, and opens the thin film body outwardly.
  • the bubble mixed material spraying means allows the bubble to be mixed into the resin material and sprayed on the inner surface side of the thin film body that is curved outwardly to project the thin film. It is characterized in that a structure in which a bubble-containing material body having a consolidated film having a low bubble density is fixed is formed on the inner surface side of the body.
  • the structure forming set includes a thin film body, a thin film body holding means, a bubble mixed material spraying means, and a resin material as a set of structure forming sets, but it is preferable that an air pressurizing means is further provided. It is.
  • the thin-film body holding means is, for example, a hook-and-loop fastener that closes the entrance and exit portions that allow entry and exit of workers and the like in addition to a base member such as a base fixed to the lower opening portion so as to close the lower opening portion of the structure, Any wire fastener, adhesive means, engagement means, etc. may be used, and the invention is not limited.
  • the structure set of the eighth invention there is an advantageous effect that a temporary structure or the like can be provided in a short time without requiring construction equipment in the event of a disaster or the like.
  • the shell of the first invention of the present invention since the shell is lightweight, it is possible to provide a highly heat insulating structure easily and in a short time without requiring large construction equipment or the like. There is an unprecedented advantageous effect of being able to. Moreover, even if bending stress acts on the shell, there is an advantageous effect that the bubble-containing material portion is not broken by the tensile force until the thin film or the consolidated film is broken by the tensile force.
  • the shell is not easily split by the force acting from the outside, and the high-quality shell in which the foamed resin is sprayed without being affected by the external wind, temperature and humidity There is an advantageous effect of being a body.
  • the shell body is not easily split by the force acting from the outside, and there is an advantageous effect that even a small shell structure can be provided.
  • the shell structure formed by the shell can be a temporary housing that can be lit from the outside even in an emergency where power supply facilities are insufficient.
  • the structure formed by the shell can be used as an advertising medium for transmitting a message from the inside.
  • the shell structure which cannot be easily burned can be provided.
  • a shell structure having necessary strength and rigidity can be easily provided.
  • the shell structure of the seventh invention of the present invention it is possible to provide the shell structure easily and in a short time without using a large-scale construction equipment, and the mixing of bubbles forming the shell structure The material body can be recycled.
  • the structure formation set of the 8th invention of this invention there exists an advantageous effect that a temporary structure etc. can be provided in a short time without requiring construction equipment at the time of a disaster.
  • Explanatory drawing of a shell structure (Example 1). Method for forming shell structure (Example 1). Sectional drawing of a shell (Example 1). Explanatory drawing of stress distribution (Example 1). Sectional drawing of a shell (Example 2). Method for forming shell structure (Example 3). Explanatory drawing of an advertising medium (Example 4).
  • a resin material was foamed on the inner surface side of the thin film body and sprayed as a bubble mixed material body.
  • the foamed bubble-containing material portion is sandwiched between a thin film body and a consolidated film having a low bubble density to form an integral shell body.
  • the shell structure 100 which is a temporary housing, is formed by combining the substantially quadrangular pyramid shell structures 110, 120, 130, and 140, each of which has a substantially triangular shape.
  • FIGS. 1A shows a perspective view of a temporary house
  • FIG. 1B shows a plan view of the temporary house.
  • FIG. 2 is an explanatory view of a shell forming method.
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. 4 shows the stress distribution at the BB position in FIG. 3, FIG. 4 (A) shows the stress distribution when no external force is applied, and FIG. 4 (B) shows the bending due to the pressing force by wind or the like. The stress distribution in a state where a moment is generated is shown.
  • the shell structure 1 includes an entrance space 1 to the living space, a living space in which the sleeping space 2 and the dining space 3 are integrated, and a sanitary space 4 that uses water such as a toilet.
  • the entrance space 1 has an entrance / exit 11 that can be opened and closed by engagement of a double-sided fastener 10 in order to allow entry from outside and to prevent rain and wind from entering from outside.
  • the entrance / exit part 11 consists only of the thin film body to which the bubble mixed material body is not fixed.
  • the thin film body 30 uses a non-woven fabric having moisture permeability and waterproof properties in which polyethylene ultrafine fibers having an average diameter of 4 ⁇ m are randomly laminated and bonded only by heat and pressure. It prevents internal condensation.
  • the ridge line portion of the thin film body made of a nonwoven fabric having a substantially triangular shape is stitched to form four shell structures having a substantially triangular pyramid shape having different ridge line gradients.
  • the joint portion 111 where the four shell structures 110, 120, 130, and 140 are combined is cut in advance, and the joint portion 111 is stitched so that the insides of the four shell structures are integrated.
  • the joint portion may be sewn with a chemical fiber thread or may be sewn with a fastener.
  • the thickness of the thin film body may be 0.3 mm to 1.0 mm, and light transmittance is imparted to the thin film body according to the thickness.
  • a foamed resin obtained by foaming a hard polyurethane foam resin as the foam mixed material body 40 is sprayed by a spray nozzle.
  • the expansion ratio may be 20 to 100 times, but the expansion ratio is more preferably 30 to 50 times from the viewpoint of ease of spraying work and the strength and rigidity of the bubble mixed material body.
  • Rigid polyurethane foam is used for ease of field work.
  • Foslite (registered trademark) manufactured by BASF Inoac Polyurethane Co., Ltd. was used as the rigid polyurethane foam resin.
  • Foamlite consists of a two-component component of a polyol component containing a polyol and other additives and a polyisocyanate component.
  • the thickness of the consolidated film 41 varies depending on the spraying thickness of the hard polyurethane foam resin once. However, when the foam-containing material body of the hard polyurethane foam having a thickness of 15 mm to 20 mm is sprayed, the thickness of the consolidated film 41 is 0. A 5 mm consolidated film is formed on the surface of the bubble-containing material body.
  • the consolidated film 41 is a film body having a high resin density in which air has escaped from bubbles, has a tensile allowable stress level equivalent to that of the resin material, and is not easily broken.
  • a light transmission part 50 to which foamed resin is not sprayed is formed on the upper part of the thin film body 30, a light transmission part 50 to which foamed resin is not sprayed is formed. Since the light transmission part 50 is composed only of a thin film body having light transmittance, when the external space is brighter than the internal space of the shell structure 100, light is transmitted from the outside to the inside, and the shell structure 100. When the external space is darker than the internal space, the light used in the internal space is transmitted to the outside. When the shell structure 100 is used as a temporary structure, the internal use state appears outside.
  • the thin film body 30 forming the shell structure is sewn in advance so as to be integrated.
  • the open part 21 below the stitched thin film body is fixed to a wooden base 22 forming a peripheral edge with a nail, an adhesive or the like so as to close the open part.
  • the human entrance / exit portion 11 is also covered with a double-sided fastener or the like so that the thin film body 30 is covered on the wooden base 22 in a slack state. (See FIG. 2A).
  • air pressurizing means 23 air is pressurized and allowed to flow into the space enclosed by the closed thin film body (see the white arrow in FIG. 2B).
  • air is pressurized and allowed to flow into the space enclosed by the closed thin film body (see the white arrow in FIG. 2B).
  • each surface forming the thin film body 30 is in a state of bulging outwardly (FIG. 2B (See the figure).
  • the entrance / exit part 11 is opened while allowing air to flow into the space, the worker enters the space, and even after the entrance / exit part 11 is closed, the thin film body 30 bulges outwardly. Keep it. Then, the worker sprays the foamed resin using the bubble mixed material spraying means 24 so that the foamed resin is sprayed on the inner surface of the thin film body 30 in order from the bottom to the top (FIG. 2C). ).
  • the foamed resin thus sprayed is in a state in which a solidified film 41 (see FIG. 3) is formed on the surface in several tens of seconds, and rigidity is developed.
  • the lower part of the thin film body 30 on which the foamed resin is sprayed on the inner surface becomes stable and self-supporting in a short time, and is easy to spray upward.
  • the light transmission part 50 is provided with a frame around it so as not to spray the foamed resin.
  • the bubble density is low on the inner surface of the bubble-containing material portion 40 of the first layer bubble-containing material body.
  • a conjunctiva 41 is formed.
  • the second layer of foamed resin is sprayed to the middle height of the space surrounded by the thin film body.
  • the third layer foamed resin is sprayed to a lower height (see FIG. 3).
  • the bubble mixed material portions 40, 42, 44 and the consolidated films 41, 43, 45 are overlapped on the inner surface of the thin film body 30 to form a three-layer bubble mixed material body. .
  • FIG. 4A shows the internal stress in a state where an external force such as wind is not acting on the shell 20. Since the thin film body 30 is in a state of bulging outwardly, tensile stress (see thick line arrow (a)) remains. Since the first layer of the bubble-containing material portion 40 is solidified while being expanded by foaming, the compressive stress (see the white arrow (b)) remains. In the consolidated film 41, tensile air (see the thick arrow (c)) remains because the air in the bubbles escapes and contracts before consolidation.
  • the foaming resin is sprayed after the solidification of the first layer is stabilized.
  • the bubble-containing material portion 42 is also solidified while being expanded, so that compressive stress (see thick arrow (d)) remains, and tensile stress is applied to the consolidated film 41 of the first layer.
  • the tensile stress (see thick line arrow (e)) remains in the consolidated film 43 as well.
  • compressive stress (see thick line arrow (f)) remains in the bubble mixed material portion 44, and tensile stress (see thick line arrow (g)) remains in the consolidated film 45.
  • a state in which a pressing force is applied to the shell 20 by an external force such as wind will be described with reference to FIG. 3B-B, a bending moment is generated, a tensile force is applied to the position of the third layer on the inner side, and a compressive force is applied to the position of the first layer on the outer side.
  • the tensile stress (see the thick arrow (g0)) of the consolidated film 45 of the third layer is the tensile stress when the external force is applied and the external stress is not applied (thick arrow (g)).
  • the compressive stress (see the white arrow (f0)) of the bubble mixed material portion 44 in the third layer is larger than the compressive stress when no external force is acting (see the thick arrow (f)). Becomes smaller.
  • the consolidated film 45 of the third layer is not broken until the tensile stress reaches the same allowable tensile stress as that of the resin material forming the bubble mixed material body. Until the consolidated film 45 of the third layer is ruptured, no tensile force acts on the third-layer bubble-containing material portion 44, and the portion where the bubble density is easily broken by the tensile force is high. However, there is an effect that it is not split.
  • the bubble mixed material portion 44 having a small allowable tensile stress is cracked on the inner space side. Generates and splits. And the tensile stress degree (see the thick arrow (e0)) acting on the second layer consolidated film 43 is larger than the tensile stress (see the thick arrow (e)) when no external force is acting, The compressive stress (see the white arrow (d0)) of the bubble mixed material portion 42 in the second layer is smaller than the compressive stress (see the thick arrow (d)) when no external force is applied.
  • the shell 20 is curved outwardly, even if a crack is formed in the bubble-containing material portion 44 and the consolidated film 45 in the third layer, the shell 20 is unlikely to bulge convexly toward the inner surface side.
  • the entire collapse of the shell structure 110 is difficult to spread at once from the split part of the third layer, and the shell structure 110 (see FIG. 1A and FIG. 3) is not easily collapsed due to the number of layers being stacked. A stable state is maintained.
  • an external force that attracts the shell 20 outward is generated by wind or the like, a tensile force acts on the outer layer and a compressive force acts on the inner layer.
  • a compressive force is applied by wind or the like, the shell structure is not easily collapsed and maintains a stable state.
  • Example 2 the same number of spray layers from the bottom to the top is used, and the shell structure 200 including the shell body 60 having a thick bottom spray thickness and a thin top spray thickness is shown in FIG. The description will be given with reference.
  • each layer is sprayed with a thick lower portion and a thin upper portion. Specifically, in the lower part, each layer is sprayed from 20 mm to 30 mm, each layer is sprayed so that the upper part is thin, and in the upper part, it is sprayed from 8 mm to 10 mm.
  • the shell body 60 constituting the shell structure 200 a stress relationship similar to the internal stress of the shell body 20 of the first embodiment described in the position of FIG.
  • a force due to wind or the like is generated in the shell structure 200 from the outside, a large stress is generated in the lower portion of the shell structure 200, so that the thickness of the lower portion of the shell body 60 is increased.
  • the amount of resin material used can be saved.
  • the thickness of each part of the shell is gradually changed from the lower side to the upper side, there is no portion where the internal stress changes discontinuously, and it is more difficult to be split by an external force from the outside.
  • Example 3 a shell structure 300 that can cope with a case where an external power source cannot be obtained and the air pressurizing means 23 (see FIG. 2B) cannot be driven will be described with reference to FIG.
  • ring bodies 71, 71,... are sewn to each ridge line portion (see FIG. 6A).
  • an annular body (not shown) is stitched to the outer surface of the thin film body 70 between the annular bodies 71 and 71 arranged in the horizontal direction.
  • the lower open portion of the thin film body 70 may not be fixed to the wooden base 22 (see FIG. 2B), but may be embedded in the soil or left open.
  • a housing 73 having excellent resilience for example, a housing such as carbon fiber or glass fiber, is used.
  • the housing 73 is inserted so as to intersect vertically and horizontally, and the casing 73 is deformed so that the thin film body bulges outwardly.
  • the housing 73 is bent by inserting the housing 73 into the ring body 71 in the vertical direction, burying the lower part of the housing 73 in the soil, and binding the upper portion of the housing 73. Then, the thin film body 70 is protruded outwardly (see FIG. 6B). Further, as shown by a broken line in FIG. 6B, the vertical axis and the horizontal axis are inserted into the ring 71 arranged in the horizontal direction while the case 74 is gently curved while being curved. It is preferable that the thin film body 70 is bulged outwardly by the body.
  • Example 2 the resin material is foamed and sprayed on the inner surface of the thin film body 70, and the bubble mixed material body 75 (see FIG. 6C) is applied to the inner surface side of the thin film body 70.
  • the point to fix is the same.
  • a resin material and liquid air may be sealed in the box 76 in advance, and the resin material may be foamed by the pressure at which the liquid air in the box 76 is ejected.
  • the housing is used as the thin film body holding means, the resin material sealed in the box and the liquid air sealed inside the box are used as the bubble mixed material spraying means, and the structure forming set is It is preferable that the shell structure is easily provided even in an emergency such as a disaster if it is always kept in an evacuation site at the time of a disaster.
  • the housing may be extracted from the ring body 71 and reused for forming another shell structure.
  • Example 4 a floating advertising medium 400 having optical transparency will be described with reference to FIG.
  • the floating advertising medium 400 fixed by the anchor 81 sprays foamed resin on the inner surface of the thin film body except for the portion of the message 80 that is emitted to the outside.
  • the floating advertising medium 400 stores light emitting means (not shown) including LED lighting and power supply means.
  • the advertising medium 400 Since the advertising medium 400 has such a size that the foamed resin cannot be sprayed from the inside of the thin film body and the bubble mixed material body cannot be formed on the inner surface of the thin film body, the air is blown into the thin film body to be inflated. In this state, foamed resin is sprayed on the thin film body from the outside. It can be used as a floating advertisement by reducing the thickness of the thin film body and the thickness of the gas-containing material body and enclosing a gas lighter than air in the internal space. Compared to a floating advertisement in which a gas lighter than air is sealed inside the film body, the shell body is less likely to be destroyed by birds and the like, and the stability as an advertisement medium is high.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
PCT/JP2018/011292 2017-03-30 2018-03-22 殻体、殻構造物および構造物形成セット Ceased WO2018180840A1 (ja)

Priority Applications (3)

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KR1020187034040A KR102020621B1 (ko) 2017-03-30 2018-03-22 쉘체, 쉘구조물 및 구조물 형성 세트
CN201880002149.XA CN110446821B (zh) 2017-03-30 2018-03-22 壳构件、壳结构物以及结构物形成组件
US16/094,204 US10422148B2 (en) 2017-03-30 2018-03-22 Shell element, shell structure and structure forming set

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JP2017067076A JP6746165B2 (ja) 2017-03-30 2017-03-30 構造物
JP2017-067076 2017-03-30

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JP2022103856A (ja) * 2020-12-28 2022-07-08 国立大学法人 名古屋工業大学 構造物の製造方法、及び複数の構造物の製造方法

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US12467274B2 (en) 2023-08-14 2025-11-11 Toyota Motor Engineering & Manufacturing North America, Inc. Systems and methods for forming multiple 3D structures from a circularly-packed network of structural elements
JP2025079451A (ja) * 2023-11-10 2025-05-22 国立大学法人 名古屋工業大学 建築構造物および分割片
JP2025107744A (ja) * 2024-01-09 2025-07-22 国立大学法人 名古屋工業大学 構造物の施工方法

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JP2022103856A (ja) * 2020-12-28 2022-07-08 国立大学法人 名古屋工業大学 構造物の製造方法、及び複数の構造物の製造方法
JP7691671B2 (ja) 2020-12-28 2025-06-12 国立大学法人 名古屋工業大学 構造物の製造方法、及び複数の構造物の製造方法

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US20190093375A1 (en) 2019-03-28
CN110446821B (zh) 2020-05-15
JP6746165B2 (ja) 2020-08-26
CN110446821A (zh) 2019-11-12
US10422148B2 (en) 2019-09-24
JP2018168606A (ja) 2018-11-01
KR102020621B1 (ko) 2019-09-10

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