WO2018176198A1 - Système d'étanchéité inerte cyclique à base de dôme pour réservoir de toit flottant externe et procédé qhse associé de stockage et de transport - Google Patents

Système d'étanchéité inerte cyclique à base de dôme pour réservoir de toit flottant externe et procédé qhse associé de stockage et de transport Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018176198A1
WO2018176198A1 PCT/CN2017/078298 CN2017078298W WO2018176198A1 WO 2018176198 A1 WO2018176198 A1 WO 2018176198A1 CN 2017078298 W CN2017078298 W CN 2017078298W WO 2018176198 A1 WO2018176198 A1 WO 2018176198A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
gas
floating roof
phase space
roof tank
gas phase
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2017/078298
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
孙强丹
Original Assignee
孙强丹
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by 孙强丹 filed Critical 孙强丹
Priority to PCT/CN2017/078298 priority Critical patent/WO2018176198A1/fr
Priority to KR1020197006927A priority patent/KR102212185B1/ko
Priority to JP2019511487A priority patent/JP6838141B2/ja
Publication of WO2018176198A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018176198A1/fr

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D88/00—Large containers
    • B65D88/34—Large containers having floating covers, e.g. floating roofs or blankets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D88/00—Large containers
    • B65D88/34—Large containers having floating covers, e.g. floating roofs or blankets
    • B65D88/42—Large containers having floating covers, e.g. floating roofs or blankets with sealing means between cover rim and receptacle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D90/00—Component parts, details or accessories for large containers
    • B65D90/22—Safety features
    • B65D90/38—Means for reducing the vapour space or for reducing the formation of vapour within containers
    • B65D90/44—Means for reducing the vapour space or for reducing the formation of vapour within containers by use of inert gas for filling space above liquid or between contents
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17B—GAS-HOLDERS OF VARIABLE CAPACITY
    • F17B1/00—Gas-holders of variable capacity
    • F17B1/02—Details
    • F17B1/14—Safety devices, e.g. prevention of excess pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17D—PIPE-LINE SYSTEMS; PIPE-LINES
    • F17D1/00—Pipe-line systems
    • F17D1/02—Pipe-line systems for gases or vapours
    • F17D1/04—Pipe-line systems for gases or vapours for distribution of gas

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of bulk liquid hazardous chemicals storage and transportation technology, in particular to the field of safety and environmental protection technology of an outer floating roof tank, in particular to a dome-based circulating idle seal system for an outer floating roof tank, and based on The system's quality, health, safety, and environmental integration (hereinafter referred to as QHSE) storage and transportation methods.
  • QHSE quality, health, safety, and environmental integration
  • VOCS volatile liquid organic compounds
  • the present invention provides a cycle-based idle-sealing system for a dome-based outer floating roof tank, which is intended to improve the efficiency and performance of an idler medium source, and a QHSE storage and transportation method based on the system. Under the premise of realizing the integrated operation of QHSE, the independent defense force is effectively generated.
  • One of the objects of the present invention is to provide a cycle-based inertia sealing system for a dome-based outer floating roof tank, which enables the outer floating roof tank to be normally insulated from the atmosphere.
  • a second object of the present invention is to provide a cycle-based inertia sealing system for a dome-based outer floating roof tank capable of feedback controlling the state of the inerting medium in the gas phase space of the outer floating roof tank.
  • a third object of the present invention is to provide a cycle-based inertia sealing system for a dome-based outer floating roof tank capable of removing impurities in the inert seal medium during the cycle.
  • the fourth object of the present invention is to propose a QHSE storage and transportation method based on the cyclic air-sealing system, which can upgrade the existing emergency fire-fighting technology as a safety equipment for normal application, and can fundamentally solve the outer floating roof tank as an environmental protection equipment. Air pollution can effectively resolve the contradiction between “ventilating for safety” and “restricting emissions for environmental protection”, and achieving the intrinsic safety of gas-free emissions.
  • the fifth object of the present invention is to propose a QHSE storage and transportation method based on the cyclic air-sealing system, which is capable of generating a defensive force against the detonation of the warhead in the gas phase space and/or material.
  • the present invention provides a cycle-based idle-sealing system for a dome-based outer floating roof tank, comprising: an outer floating roof tank, a dome structure, an idler line, and a gas source servo device, the outer The top of the tank wall of the floating roof tank is closed by constructing the dome structure, and the dome structure and the inner wall of the outer floating roof tank, the floating tray and the sealing device enclose a gas phase space which is insulated from the atmosphere for flooding
  • An inert sealing medium which is a gas-type fire-fighting medium applied by a suffocating fire-fighting method; the air-source servo device is connected to the gas phase space through the inerting line and is valve-controlled and connected The state of the inert seal medium in the gas phase space is controlled by feedback.
  • the air source servo device includes a servo constant pressure unit
  • the servo constant pressure unit specifically includes: an air compressor, an inflation check valve, a gas source container, and a degassing device that are sequentially connected and connected in a one-way valve control manner.
  • Valve control components where:
  • the air compressor can control the start-up operation and the stop interlock in a manual, linkage and/or automatic mode for outputting, transferring, compressing and filling a part of the air-tight space in the gas phase space to the gas source container. And feedback-controlling the air-tight space of the gas phase space to maintain a state not greater than a preset pressure parameter;
  • An inflation check valve is matched with a rated exhaust pressure of the incoming air compressor, and is disposed on a pipeline between the exhaust side of the incoming air compressor and the air source container for supporting the gas
  • the source container stores the working gas and accumulates pressure potential energy
  • a gas source container matching the rated exhaust pressure and the preset storage amount of the incoming gas compressor for providing and storing an inerting medium filled in the gas phase space;
  • the degassing valve control assembly is capable of controlling opening and closing in a self-powering, automatic, interlocking, and/or manual mode for controlling the idle-sealing medium in the air source container to be throttled and decompressed, released to the gas phase space, and
  • the feedback controls the idle seal medium in the gas phase space to remain in a state not less than the preset pressure parameter.
  • the air source servo device has an air inlet port and an air outlet port, the air inlet port is an air inlet of the air compressor, and the air outlet port is an air outlet valve control component a gas port;
  • the idler line includes an air supply line and an air removal line, the dome structure having an exhalation interface and an air intake interface, wherein the exhalation interface of the dome structure passes through the air supply line and the air source servo device
  • the air inlet port is connected in sequence and is in a one-way valve control connection, and the degassing port of the air source servo device is sequentially connected to the air suction port of the dome structure through a degassing line and is connected to the one-way valve.
  • the outer floating roof tank has a floating tray central drainage pipeline, and the floating tray central drainage pipeline
  • the outer tank port is in communication with the gas source servo via the idler line.
  • the air compressor further includes a pressure transmitter, the pressure transmitter is installed in the air supply pipeline, and is directly connected to the air compressor via a control system for detecting a gas pressure variable of the gas phase space, and a preset pressure parameter transmission signal for controlling the start-up operation and the shutdown interlock of the incoming gas compressor.
  • the servo constant pressure unit further includes a saturation purification assembly for condensing, filtering, picking, diverting, confluently, and recovering condensable gas flowing through the inert seal medium of the self, the saturated purification component being connected in series
  • the gas-filled check valve is disposed between the gas source container or in parallel with the pipeline between the gas-filled check valve and the gas source container, and is connected and connected by the first switching valve group.
  • the saturated purification assembly specifically includes a pressure-type gas-liquid separation device, a first back pressure valve, a purification product diverter valve tube, and a liquid product collection container, wherein the pressure-type gas-liquid separation device and the The rated exhaust pressure of the incoming gas compressor is matched, and the bottom thereof is unidirectionally connected to the liquid product collection container via the purification product diverter valve tube and is connected to the liquid phase valve; the first back pressure valve is set In the degassing side line of the pressurized gas-liquid separation device.
  • the servo constant pressure unit further comprises a micro differential pressure purification assembly for filtering, extracting, diverting, converging and recovering condensable gas flowing through the inert seal medium of the micro differential pressure, micro pressure
  • the differential cleaning assembly is disposed in series in the incoming gas pipeline or is disposed in parallel with the incoming gas pipeline, and is connected and connected by the second switching valve group.
  • the micro differential pressure purification assembly specifically includes a micro differential pressure gas-liquid separation device, a purification product diverter valve tube, and a liquid phase product collection container, and the bottom of the micro-pressure gas-liquid separation device passes through the purification product diverter valve
  • the tube is unidirectionally coupled to the liquid product collection vessel and is in fluid communication with the liquid phase.
  • the servo constant voltage unit further includes a servo temperature adjustment component
  • the servo temperature adjustment component specifically includes: a temperature transmitter, an airtight medium cooling device, and/or an airtight medium heating device, wherein the temperature change a transmitter is installed in the idler line, and is communicably connected to the air compressor and/or the degassing valve control component directly or via a control system for detecting a temperature variable of the gas phase space in real time, And pushing a preset temperature parameter transmission signal to cause the incoming gas compressor to start or stop the interlock, and/or the degassing valve control assembly to open and close; the idle sealing medium cooling device is installed in the An exhaust side of the gas compressor; the idle seal medium heating device is mounted in the degassing valve control assembly.
  • the gas source servo device further includes a gas source purification unit for separating, grooming, and collecting the non-condensable impurity gas flowing through the inert seal medium of the self.
  • the gas source purification unit specifically includes: a third switching valve group and a non-condensing impurity gas removing unit, the non-condensing impurity gas removing unit and the inflation check valve to the air source container
  • the pipelines are arranged in parallel, and are connected and connected by the third switching valve group for removing non-condensing or difficult-condensing impurity gases in the inerting medium in a linkage, automatic and/or manual mode
  • the impurity gas includes at least oxygen.
  • the incoming gas compressor further includes a predetermined gas content sensor installed on the idler line, and is respectively connected to the incoming gas compressor and the third switching valve group directly or via a control system. Automatically controlling the start-up operation or the shutdown interlock of the incoming gas compressor by automatically detecting the predetermined gas content in the gas phase space, pushing a predetermined gas content parameter transmission signal, and automatically controlling the third switching valve group to perform switching .
  • the predetermined gas content sensor is a gas content sensor of at least one or a combination of at least one of oxygen, nitrogen, methane and non-methane total hydrocarbons.
  • the dome structure is provided with a manhole assembly
  • the manhole assembly comprises a manhole body having a through hole and a manhole cover capable of sealingly covering the through hole, the manhole body and The dome structure is sealingly connected, and a floating escalator is disposed between the manhole seat body and the floating plate, and the manhole cover body can be opened when the worker enters and exits the gas phase space, and the worker passes the After the through hole is sealed and closed.
  • a manhole compartment is further disposed above the manhole assembly for the staff to replace the self-contained breathing apparatus and/or the special tool for storing the gas phase space.
  • a bulkhead wall is vertically disposed in the manhole compartment, and a closed hatch is provided on the partition wall, the partition wall and the closed hatchway separating the internal space of the manhole compartment into a ventilated compartment and a closed compartment, wherein the ventilated compartment has a door for personnel access and/or a ventilated window for a worker to replace the spontaneous breathing apparatus and/or a special storage tool; the closable compartment is provided to the person Above the hole assembly to reduce the amount of air entering the gas phase space.
  • the dome structure is a hard or soft gas-impermeable structure having a skeleton or no skeleton.
  • the gas impermeable structure having a skeleton includes a support skeleton and a gas impermeable hard material or a tensile film structure installed between the support skeletons.
  • the skeleton-free gas-impermeable structure is a gas-impermeable rubberized fabric or a soft chemical film, and the force of the skeleton-free gas-impermeable structure that is formed by overcoming the self-weight is caused by the pressure of the inerting medium in the gas phase space.
  • the dome structure is a gas-tight structure capable of generating a Faraday cage lightning protection effect for preventing lightning and static damage, and for inducing a blasting wall warhead in response to a shaped charge attack.
  • a solar energy utilization system is further included, the battery panel or membrane of the solar energy utilization system being disposed on the outer wall surface of the dome structure and/or the outer floating roof tank.
  • an explosion-proof buffer container is further connected in series in the incoming gas pipeline and/or the degassing pipeline, and the fire-proof and explosion-proof material is installed in the explosion-proof buffer vessel.
  • the outer floating roof tank is disposed in parallel with at least two
  • the explosion-proof buffer container comprises a gas explosion-proof buffer container and a degassing explosion-proof buffer container
  • the gas explosion-proof buffer container has at least two a gas input port and a common incoming gas output port
  • the degassing explosion-proof buffer container having a common degassing input port and at least two degassing output ports, wherein each of the outer floating top cans exhales
  • the interface is connected to the incoming air inlet port of the incoming air explosion-proof buffer container via a corresponding incoming air line, and the incoming air output port of the incoming air explosion-proof buffer container passes through the shared air supply line and the The air supply port of the air source servo device is connected to communicate; the degassing port of the air source servo device is connected to the degassing input port of the degassing explosion-proof buffer container via a common degassing line, the degassing The degassing output port of the explosion-
  • the gas explosion-proof buffer container further has an interface for receiving external air to input an inert or sealed inert seal medium; and the degassing explosion-proof buffer container also has an interface for degassing the external output. Used to output pure inert seal media to the outside.
  • the air source servo device further includes a monitoring and early warning unit for performing internal monitoring and externally pushing the warning signal.
  • the present invention also provides a QHSE storage and transportation method based on the aforementioned cyclic idle sealing system for an outer floating roof tank, comprising a servo large breathing step:
  • the gas source servo device detects a pressure variable for characterizing the gas phase space gas state in real time; when the outer floating roof tank input material, the floating plate and the sealing device are lifted with the liquid surface and the gas phase The space is gradually reduced, causing the air source servo to start when the pressure variable rises to a first preset pressure threshold a gas collection process, transferring, compressing, and storing a portion of the inerting medium in the gas phase space into the gas source servo until the pressure variable falls back to a second pre-step that is not higher than a first preset pressure threshold Stopping the gas collection procedure when the pressure threshold is set;
  • the air source servo device starts a gas supply program, and the idle seal medium stored in the air source servo device is throttled and decompressed, and released to the gas phase space until the The gas supply process is stopped when the pressure variable rises to the second predetermined pressure threshold.
  • step of servo small breathing is also included:
  • the gas source servo initiates a gas collection process to partially seal the gas phase space Transferring, compressing, and storing the medium to the gas source servo device, and stopping the gas collection process until the pressure variable falls back to a second preset pressure threshold that is not higher than the first preset pressure threshold;
  • the gas source servo device When the gas phase space drops due to a change in ambient temperature, and the pressure variable drops to a third preset pressure threshold that is not higher than the second preset pressure threshold, the gas source servo device initiates a gas supply process, Discharging the idle seal medium stored in the gas source servo device to the gas phase space by throttling and decompressing until the pressure variable rises to the second preset pressure threshold Gas supply program.
  • the dome structure is a gas-tight structure capable of generating a Faraday cage lightning protection effect, and is used for preventing lightning or static electricity damage, and a broken wall warhead for igniting the shaped charge; and further comprising a blasting wall warhead step:
  • the guiding device regards the dome structure as the tank top, so that the broken wall warhead penetrates, breaks the wall, and opens the hole;
  • the secondary warhead enters the gas phase space, its detonating device cannot detonate the secondary warhead in an effective or optimal high-explosive height. It penetrates the floating disk and makes it difficult to achieve the fighting purpose of the warhead in the material.
  • the floating disk is protected when the accompanying warhead is detonated in the gas phase space; the fighting purpose of the shaped charge cannot be achieved, thereby protecting the outer floating roof tank and its materials.
  • the detonation energy is absorbed, absorbed and absorbed by the inerting medium. Or being immersed by the inert seal line to the gas source servo for further absorption and absorption;
  • the detonation energy triggers the air source servo to initiate a forced cooling program: the output of the incoming gas compressor is used to transfer and compress a portion of the inerting medium in the gas phase space through the incoming gas pipeline to be filled to The gas source container and cooling the inerting medium;
  • the degassing valve control assembly is opened, and the inerting medium in the air source container is released to the gas phase space of the material container by cooling, throttling and decompression;
  • the inert seal medium in the gas phase space is continuously discharged along the penetration hole on the dome structure to prevent air from entering the gas phase space;
  • the present invention can form a dome structure at the top of the tank wall of the outer floating roof tank to form a gas phase space capable of isolating the atmosphere and filling the inert seal medium, and the air source servo device can be used to seal the gas phase space.
  • the function of storage, supply, purification and purification of the medium enables the normalization of the oxygen content of the gas phase space to be less than the lower limit of the combustion explosion limit of the protected material under the premise of effectively supporting the input, output and static storage of the material, thereby permanently suppressing The achievement of the combustion and explosion conditions of the material in the outer floating roof tank.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of a circulating inert seal system for a dome-based outer floating roof tank according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the principle of an implementation of the air source servo device in the embodiment of the dome-based outer floating roof tank.
  • inert sealing includes, but is not limited to, the well-known “inertial sealing of gas phase space in a gas-type fire-fighting medium flooding system", permanent gas-free discharge type "Dynamic sealing medium” refers to a gas-type inert medium commonly used in suffocating fire fighting methods, including nitrogen, carbon dioxide gas, rare earth noble gas or engine exhaust gas, which are selected according to working conditions and conditions;
  • cyclically inert seal includes, but is not limited to, the concept of recycling inert seals using inert seal media, including, inter alia, purging gas inert seal media in a natural or forced circulation process, The concept of purification and temperature regulation.
  • the dome-based circulating idler system for the outer floating roof tank includes: an outer floating roof tank 1, a dome structure 2, an idle sealing line, and a gas source servo device 3.
  • the top opening of the tank wall of the outer floating roof tank 1 is closed by constructing the dome structure 2 for isolating the atmosphere.
  • the inner wall of the outer floating roof tank 1, the floating tray 11, the sealing device 13 and the dome structure 2 together enclose a gas phase space A which is insulated from the atmosphere for filling the inert gas sealing medium.
  • the air source servo device 3 is connected to the gas phase space A through the air-tight space and is in valve-controlled communication, and the gas source servo device 3 can pass the air seal according to the gas technical parameters in the gas phase space A.
  • the manner in which the medium is stored, supplied, or circulated, feedback controls the state of the art (including physical and chemical states) of the inert seal medium that is flooding the gas phase space A.
  • the floating tray 11 and the sealing device 13 which are lifted or lowered along the inner wall thereof according to the input or output of the material reduce or enlarge the volume of the gas phase space A, wherein the inertial sealing medium
  • the technical parameters also changed.
  • the gas source servo device 3 detects the technical parameters in real time, and during the start of the gas collection or gas supply process according to the preset threshold value, the gas state of the inert gas sealing medium in the gas phase space A is feedback controlled.
  • the present embodiment can perform a servo large breathing step, that is, the gas source servo device 3 detects the pressure variable for characterizing the gas phase space A gas state in real time.
  • the gas source servo device 3 detects the pressure variable for characterizing the gas phase space A gas state in real time.
  • the gas source servo device 3 starts a gas collection process, transferring, compressing, and storing a portion of the inerting medium in the gas phase space A.
  • the gas collection process is stopped until the pressure variable falls back to a second preset pressure threshold that is not higher than the first preset pressure threshold.
  • the gas phase space A is gradually enlarged, so that the pressure variable is reduced to not higher than the second pre-
  • the air supply servo device 3 starts the air supply program, and the idle seal medium stored in the air source servo device 3 is throttled and decompressed, and released to the The gas phase space A is stopped until the pressure variable rises to the second predetermined pressure threshold.
  • a servo small breathing step may be performed, that is, when the gas phase space A increases in pressure due to an environmental temperature change, and the pressure variable rises to a first preset pressure threshold,
  • the air source servo device 3 starts a gas collection program, transfers, compresses and stores a portion of the air-sealing medium in the gas phase space A to the gas source servo device 3 until the pressure variable falls back to no higher than the first
  • the gas collection process is stopped when a second predetermined pressure threshold of the preset pressure threshold is reached.
  • the gas source servo device 3 starts the gas supply when the gas phase space A falls due to the change of the ambient temperature, and the pressure variable falls to a third preset pressure threshold that is not higher than the second preset pressure threshold. a process of throttling and decompressing the idle seal medium stored in the gas source servo device 3 to the gas phase space A until the pressure variable rises to the second preset pressure threshold The gas supply procedure is stopped.
  • the gas source servo device 3 can also dispose the inert seal medium in the gas phase space A according to other technical parameters (such as temperature variables, oxygen content variables, methane gas content variables, etc.), and the disposal manner includes self-power circulation. And forced circulation two kinds.
  • the self-power cycle refers to the cycle of the gas source servo device in the process of inputting or outputting materials, and the cycle period is synchronized with the input and output cycles of the material; extracting or replenishing, or making the air seal in the gas phase space A
  • the medium circulates between the plurality of material containers through the inerting line.
  • the top opening of the tank wall of the outer floating roof tank is formed by forming a dome structure, and a gas phase space capable of isolating the atmosphere is formed, and the gas phase space is maintained by the gas source servo device to fill the state of the airtight space, so that the outer floating roof tank is
  • the material can control the normalization of oxygen content under the protection of the inerting medium to be less than the lower limit of the combustion explosion limit of the protected material, and permanently suppress the burning of hazardous chemical materials contained in the outer floating roof tank. The condition of the bombing was achieved, and the normalization responded to the attack of the warhead in the container.
  • the gas source servo device can store and release the inert seal medium in the gas phase space according to the technical parameters of the gas phase space, so that the circulation of the inert seal medium in the circulating idle seal system of the outer floating roof tank can be realized, and the idle seal can be saved.
  • the amount of media used can also ensure the safety of the outer floating roof tank itself and the materials.
  • the dome structure of the present invention when it is subjected to the bomb attack aimed at causing the overall chemical explosion, the dome structure can induce the blasting wall warhead, so that the accompanying warhead is in the gas phase space. Detonation. Since the gas phase space is filled with the inert seal medium, it will not cause serious damage to the materials in the outer floating roof tank.
  • the central drainage pipeline of the floating tray is usually arranged in the center of the floating tray, and the central drainage pipeline of the floating tray
  • the outer tank port is in communication with the gas source servo 3 via the idler line.
  • the air supply servo 3 can also be connected directly to the tank wall or dome structure 2 of the outer floating roof tank 1 via an idler line.
  • a manhole assembly may be disposed on the dome structure 2, the manhole assembly including a manhole body 22 having a through hole and a person capable of sealingly closing the through hole a hole cover body 21, the manhole seat body 22 is sealingly connected to the dome structure 2, one end of the through hole communicates with the gas phase space A, and the manhole cover body 21 can enter and exit the gas phase at a worker When the space A is opened, the through hole is sealed and closed after the worker passes the through hole to ensure the sealed state of the gas phase space A.
  • a floating escalator 12 may be disposed between the manhole base 22 and the floating tray 11 for the worker to enter and exit the gas phase space A and the floating tray 11 surface.
  • the manhole compartment 23 is used for staff to enter the gas phase Autonomous breathing equipment and/or special storage tools required for Space A.
  • the manhole chamber 23 can be replaced with the self-breathing device, and then enters the gas phase space A through the manhole assembly, and when the worker leaves the gas phase space A, the manhole is first passed through the manhole.
  • the assembly enters the manhole compartment 23, and the autonomous breathing apparatus is replaced in the manhole compartment 23 and exits the manhole compartment 23.
  • a bulkhead wall may be vertically disposed in the manhole compartment 23, and a closed hatch is provided on the partition wall, the partition wall and the closed hatchway separating the internal space of the manhole compartment 23 into Ventilation and confined cabins.
  • the ventilation chamber has a door 24 for accessing personnel and/or a window for ventilation, for the staff to replace the self-breathing device and/or the special tool for storage.
  • the airtight compartment is disposed above the manhole assembly to reduce the amount of air entering the gas phase space A.
  • the dome structure 2 in Fig. 1 is an important component constituting the gas phase space A, and it can adopt various structural forms, for example, a gas-tight structure having a skeleton as the dome structure 2.
  • the airtight structure of the skeleton mainly depends on the supporting and fixing of the supporting skeleton for the dome, and the airtight portion is installed between the supporting skeletons.
  • a gas impermeable structure having a skeleton includes a support skeleton and a gas impermeable hard material or a tensile film structure mounted between the support skeletons.
  • the gas impermeable hard material herein may be various existing hard plates and mounted between the support frames, and the film structure may be formed by a film drawing process between the support frames.
  • a skeleton-free, gas impermeable structure can also be used as the dome structure 2.
  • the skeleton-free gas-impermeable structure is an air-impermeable rubberized fabric or a soft chemical film, and the gas-impermeable rubberized fabric or soft chemical film is more expensive than the existing skeleton-shaped dome structure.
  • the effect of the upwardly bulging formation of the low-cost, non-porous, gas-impermeable structure is obtained by the pressure of the inert seal medium in the gas phase space A overcoming the self-weight of the gas-impermeable structure.
  • dome structure 2 is a gas-tight structure capable of producing a Faraday cage lightning protection effect for preventing lightning or static damage and for inducing a blasting wall warhead.
  • the dome structure 2 can also be the aforementioned airtight structure with or without a skeleton, but can produce a Faraday cage lightning protection effect in terms of material and structural form selection.
  • the dome structure that can produce the Faraday cage lightning protection effect
  • the dome structure when the dome structure of the outer floating roof tank is subjected to the attack of the bomb which is intended to cause the overall chemical explosion, the dome structure can induce the wall warhead and the The distance between the dome structure and the floating disk cannot be predicted, which makes the explosion of the secondary warhead impossible to set, penetrates the floating disk, and makes the combat purpose of the warhead in the material difficult to achieve.
  • the gas phase space is filled with the inert seal medium, the warhead cannot ignite or detonate the material in the anaerobic atmosphere, and the fighting purpose of the overall chemical explosion cannot be achieved.
  • the Faraday electromagnetic cage effect produced by the dome structure can suppress the centrifugal release of the detonation energy and reduce the possibility of cloud explosion.
  • another dome structure 2 is implemented as a gas-tight structure capable of generating a Faraday cage lightning protection effect, for preventing lightning or static electricity damage, Encourage the blasting wall warhead and the energy transfer of the two-way chemical explosion.
  • the dome structure 2 can also be the aforementioned airtight structure with or without a skeleton, but can produce a Faraday cage lightning protection effect in terms of material and structural form selection.
  • the dome structure capable of producing a Faraday cage lightning protection effect
  • the dome structure when the top of the outer floating roof tank is subjected to an attack of an ammunition intended to cause an overall chemical explosion, the dome structure can induce the wall warhead, and The distance between the dome structure and the floating disk cannot be predicted, and the explosion height of the secondary warhead cannot be set.
  • the combat purpose of penetrating the floating disk is difficult to achieve, so that the following warhead is only in the gas phase above the floating disk.
  • the chance of space detonation increases. Since the gas phase space is filled with an inert seal medium, this oxygen-free atmosphere can effectively suppress the overall chemical explosion of the material.
  • the Faraday electromagnetic cage effect produced by the dome structure can suppress the centrifugal release of the detonation energy and reduce the possibility of cloud explosion.
  • the air source servo device to initiate a forced cooling program: by the output of the incoming gas compressor, transferring, compressing, and charging a portion of the inerting medium in the material container through the incoming gas pipeline Loading to the gas source container and cooling the inerting medium; the degassing valve control assembly is opened, and the inerting medium in the gas source container is released by cooling, throttling and decompression to a gas phase space of the material container; under the action of the gas source servo device, a continuous or pulsed forced convection cycle and temperature reduction of the inert seal medium is formed in the dome structure for continuously purifying the inert seal medium Reducing the material vapor concentration; the gas source purifying device continuously produces nitrogen gas by using air as a raw material, filling the material container through the inert sealing line, and discharging the inerting medium in the penetrating hole The air is prevented from entering the material container, thereby generating a defensive force against the det
  • a solar energy utilization system may be further installed, and a battery panel or film of the solar energy utilization system is disposed on the outer wall surface of the dome structure 2 and/or the outer floating roof tank 1 to save the outside.
  • the air source servo device 3 includes a servo constant pressure unit for storing and releasing the idle seal medium.
  • the servo constant pressure unit specifically includes: an air compressor 31 that is sequentially connected and connected in a one-way valve control manner, and is inflated.
  • the incoming air compressor 31 controls the starting operation and the stop interlock according to the technical parameter transmission signal of the intake side working gas, and is used for outputting and compressing and storing the inerting medium of the gas phase space A to the air source container. 33, and controls the gas state of the inert seal medium of the gas phase space A.
  • the inflation check valve 32 is matched with the rated exhaust pressure and flow rate of the incoming air compressor 31 for preventing the return of the idle seal medium loaded into the air source container 33 by the incoming air compressor 31. .
  • the gas source container 33 is matched with the rated exhaust pressure and flow rate of the incoming gas compressor 31 for storing the inert seal medium discharged from the incoming gas compressor 31, and accumulating pressure potential energy.
  • the degassing valve control assembly 34 controls the throttling and decompression of the gaseous inert gas in the gas source container 33 according to a preset technical variable of the degassing side working gas, and passes the inertial sealing line to the gas phase space A. Released to control the gas state of the inert seal medium of the gas phase space A.
  • the air source servo device 3 has an air inlet port and an air outlet port, the air inlet port is an air inlet of the incoming air compressor 31, and the air removal port is the air removal valve control assembly 34.
  • the idler line includes an air supply line 3a and an air removal line 3b, the dome structure 2 has an exhalation interface and an air suction interface, wherein the exhalation interface of the dome structure 2 passes through the air supply line 3a and the air source
  • the air inlet port of the servo device 3 is sequentially connected and is in a one-way valve control communication, and the degassing port of the air source servo device 3 is sequentially connected to the air suction port of the dome structure 2 via the degassing line 3b and the check valve is connected. Control connectivity.
  • the incoming gas compressor 31 can control its own starting operation and stop interlocking according to the technical parameter transmission signal of the inerting medium in the gas phase space A.
  • the technical parameters here can be the pressure, temperature and preset type gas content of the gas phase space. Variables, etc.
  • These technical parameter transmission signals are supplied to the incoming air compressor 31 through corresponding transmitters, and the air compressor 31 can realize the storage and storage of excess inert sealing medium in the gas phase space A by the startup operation and the shutdown interlock. .
  • the incoming gas compressor 31 sucks the inert seal medium in the gas phase space A into the gas source container 33 in time by the startup operation.
  • the degassing valve control assembly 34 can control the throttling, depressurization, and release of the inerting medium in the gas source container 33 based on the pressure variable of the inerting medium in the gas phase space A.
  • the incoming gas compressor 31 may further include a pressure transmitter installed in the incoming gas line 3a and communicably connected to the incoming gas compressor 31 directly or via a control system for A gas pressure variable of the gas phase space A is detected, and a preset pressure parameter transmission signal for controlling the start-up operation and the shutdown interlock of the incoming gas compressor 31 is pushed.
  • the degassing valve control assembly 34 is opened under the pressure difference, so that the air seal in the gas source container 33 is closed.
  • the medium can be replenished into the gas phase space A via the degassing valve control assembly 34.
  • the servo constant pressure unit may comprise a saturation purification assembly for condensing, filtering, scooping, diverting, confluently and recovering condensable gas flowing through its own inert seal medium, said saturated purification assembly being connected in series to said charge
  • the check valve 32 is disposed between the gas source container 33 or a line between the gas-filled check valve 32 and the gas source container 33, and is connected and connected by the first switching valve group.
  • the saturated purification assembly may specifically include a pressure-type gas-liquid separation device, a first back pressure valve, a purification product diverter valve tube, and a liquid product collection container, wherein the pressure-type gas-liquid separation device and the gas
  • the rated discharge pressure of the compressor 31 is matched, and the bottom thereof is unidirectionally connected to the liquid product collection container via the purification product diverter valve tube and is connected to the liquid phase valve; the first back pressure valve is disposed at the bottom
  • the degassing side line of the pressurized gas-liquid separation device is described.
  • the servo constant pressure unit may further comprise a micro differential pressure purification assembly for filtering, scooping, diverting, confluently and recovering through the inert seal medium flowing through the micro differential pressure condition.
  • the condensed gas, the micro differential pressure purification assembly is disposed in series in the incoming gas line 3a, or is disposed in parallel with the incoming gas line 3a, and is connected and connected by the second switching valve group.
  • the micro differential pressure purification assembly may specifically include a micro differential pressure gas-liquid separation device, a purification product diverter valve tube, and a liquid product collection container, and the bottom of the micro-pressure gas-liquid separation device passes through the purification product diversion valve tube and the The liquid product collection container is unidirectionally connected and is connected to the liquid phase valve.
  • a gas source purification unit can be utilized in the system to separate, channel, and collect non-condensable impurity gases in the inert seal medium flowing through itself.
  • the gas source purification unit may specifically include: a third switching valve group and a non-condensable impurity gas removing unit, wherein the non-condensable impurity gas removing unit is disposed in parallel with the pipeline between the gas-filled check valve 32 and the gas source container 33, and is switched by the third switching valve group Disconnecting for removing non-condensable or difficult-to-condense-like impurity gases in the inerting medium in a linkage, automatic, and/or manual mode, the impurity gases including at least oxygen.
  • the incoming gas compressor 31 may further include a predetermined gas content sensor mounted on the idler line, respectively, or directly or via the control system of the incoming gas compressor 31 and the third switching valve group a communication connection for detecting a predetermined gas content in the gas phase space A in real time, pushing a predetermined gas content parameter transmission signal, automatically controlling the start-up operation or the shutdown interlock of the incoming gas compressor 31, and automatically controlling the first The three switching valve group performs switching.
  • the predetermined gas content sensor is a gas content sensor of at least one or a combination of oxygen, nitrogen, methane, and non-methane total hydrocarbons.
  • the servo constant pressure unit may further add a servo temperature adjustment component, which specifically includes: a temperature transmitter, an idle seal medium cooling device, and/or an idle seal medium. Heating equipment.
  • the temperature transmitter is installed in the idle sealing pipeline, and is connected to the incoming air compressor 31 and/or the degassing valve control component 34 directly or via a control system for real-time detection.
  • the temperature of the gas phase space A is variable, and a preset temperature parameter transmission signal is pushed to cause the incoming gas compressor 31 to start or stop interlocking, and/or the degassing valve control assembly 34 to open and close.
  • the idle seal medium cooling device is mounted on an exhaust side of the incoming gas compressor 31; the idle seal medium heating device is installed in the degassing valve control assembly 34.
  • the explosion-proof buffer container may be connected in series in the air supply line 3a and/or the air removal line 3b, and the fire-proof flameproof material may be installed in the explosion-proof buffer container to achieve the fire resistance of the air-tight medium. Flameproof and cushioning.
  • the outer floating roof tank 1 may be disposed in parallel with at least two, the explosion-proof buffering container includes a gas explosion-proof buffering vessel and a degassing explosion-proof buffering vessel, and the gas-blasting explosion-proof buffering vessel has at least two The gas input port and a common incoming gas output port have a common degassing input port and at least two degassing output ports.
  • each of the outer floating top tanks 1 is connected to the incoming gas inlet port of the incoming gas explosion-proof buffer container via a corresponding corresponding air supply line 3a, and the incoming air-proof explosion-proof buffer container
  • An output port is connected to the incoming air port of the air source servo device 3 via the shared air supply line 3a; the air source is connected
  • the degassing port of the service device 3 is connected to the degassing input port of the degassing explosion-proof buffer container via a common degassing line 3b, and the degassing output port of the degassing explosion-proof buffer container passes through each degassing line 3b is in communication with the suction interface of each of the outer floating roof tanks 1.
  • the air-to-air explosion-proof buffer container may also have an interface for receiving external air to input an inert or sealed inert seal medium.
  • the degassing explosion-proof buffer container may also have an interface for degassing the external output for externally outputting a pure inert seal medium.
  • the air source servo device 3 may further include a monitoring and early warning unit for receiving the in-line monitoring and operating system. Characterizing the technical parameters of the inert seal medium, and triggering and remotely pushing the early warning signal when the gas state of the inert seal medium reaches a preset value of the technical parameter.
  • the present invention also provides a corresponding QHSE storage and transportation method, specifically including a servo large breathing step and/or a servo small breathing step.
  • the servo large breathing step specifically includes: the gas source servo device 3 detecting a pressure variable for characterizing the gas phase space A gas state in real time; when the outer floating roof tank 1 inputs the material, the floating tray 11 and the The sealing device 13 is lifted with the liquid surface and the gas phase space A is gradually reduced, so that when the pressure variable rises to the first preset pressure threshold, the gas source servo device 3 starts a gas collection process, and the gas phase space A is The inner part of the inerting medium is transferred, compressed and stored in the air source servo device 3, and stops when the pressure variable falls back to a second preset pressure threshold that is not higher than the first preset pressure threshold.
  • Gas program
  • the pressure variable is reduced to not higher than the second pre-
  • the air supply servo device 3 starts the air supply program, and the idle seal medium stored in the air source servo device 3 is throttled and decompressed, and released to the The gas phase space A is stopped until the pressure variable rises to the second predetermined pressure threshold.
  • the servo small breathing step specifically includes: when the gas phase space A rises due to an environmental temperature change, and the pressure variable rises to a first preset pressure threshold, the gas source servo device 3 starts a gas collection process, and A portion of the inerting medium in the gas phase space A is transferred, compressed, and stored to the gas source servo 3 until the pressure variable falls back to a second preset pressure threshold that is not higher than the first preset pressure threshold. Stop the gas collection procedure;
  • the gas source servo device 3 starts the gas supply when the gas phase space A falls due to the change of the ambient temperature, and the pressure variable falls to a third preset pressure threshold that is not higher than the second preset pressure threshold. a process of throttling and decompressing the idle seal medium stored in the gas source servo device 3 to the gas phase space A until the pressure variable rises to the second preset pressure threshold The gas supply procedure is stopped.
  • the corresponding QHSE storage method also includes a broken wall warhead blasting step and/or a defensive warfare step.
  • the step of blasting the broken wall warhead specifically includes: when the concentrating charge approaches or hits the dome structure 2, the blasting device leads the blasting wall warhead to penetrate and break the dome structure 2, so that It can not achieve the purpose of detonation with the warhead, and thus the outer floating roof tank 1 and its materials can be protected.
  • the steps to generate defensive capabilities include:
  • the detonation energy is absorbed and absorbed by the inerting medium. And / or by the idler line to the air source servo 3 for further absorption and absorption;
  • the detonation energy triggers the air source servo device to initiate a forced cooling program: a force is generated by the incoming air compressor 31, and a portion of the inert gas sealing medium in the gas phase space A is transferred and compressed through the gas supply line 3a. Filling the gas source container 33 and cooling the inert seal medium;
  • the deaeration valve control assembly 34 is opened, the inerting medium in the air source container 33 is cooled, throttled and decompressed to the gas phase space A of the material container;
  • the air-tight space medium in the gas phase space A is continuously discharged along the penetration hole on the dome structure 2 to prevent air from entering the gas phase space A;
  • the outer floating roof tank 1 and its materials are protected by "there is a theoretical probability of an overall chemical explosion and/or physical explosion".
  • a manhole assembly is provided on the dome structure 2.
  • the method may further comprise the step of oxygen-suppression and nitrogen charging of the outer floating roof tank 1:
  • the oxygen content in the gas phase space is measured until the design specification is reached.
  • the QHSE storage and transportation method may further implement a forced purification step, that is, when the predetermined gas content sensor detects the content of methane and/or non-methane total hydrocarbons.
  • a forced purification step that is, when the predetermined gas content sensor detects the content of methane and/or non-methane total hydrocarbons.
  • the gas source servo device 3 starts a gas collection program and drives a gas supply program to form a forced circulation of the inert seal medium in the gas phase space A; the inert seal medium to be purified Purifying through the micro differential pressure purification assembly and the saturation purification assembly; the purged inerting medium is replenished to the gas phase space A through the gas supply program until the gas content sensor detects Stop when the stop threshold is preset.
  • the QHSE storage and transportation method may further implement a forced purification step, that is, when the predetermined gas content sensor detects the content of oxygen and/or nitrogen to preset a purification start threshold,
  • the air source servo device 3 activates a gas collection program and drives a gas supply program to form a forced circulation of the inerting medium in the gas phase space A;
  • the gas source purification unit obtains an inertial sealing medium to be purified by itself. Purification; the purified inertial seal medium is supplied to the gas phase space A via the gas supply program until the gas content sensor detects a preset shutdown threshold and stops the gas collection process and the gas supply program.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un système d'étanchéité inerte cyclique à base de dôme pour un réservoir de toit flottant externe et un procédé QHSE associé de stockage et de transport. Le système comprend un réservoir de toit flottant externe (1), une structure en dôme (2), un pipeline d'étanchéité inerte et un dispositif d'asservissement de source de gaz (3). Une portion supérieure de paroi de réservoir du réservoir de toit flottant externe (1) est scellée par construction de la structure en dôme (2) et, conjointement avec une paroi interne, une plaque flottante (11) et un dispositif d'étanchéité (13), ils forment un espace de phase gazeuse qui est isolé de l'atmosphère et relié au dispositif d'asservissement de source de gaz (3), et communique avec celui-ci, au moyen du pipeline d'étanchéité inerte de façon à déplacer l'oxygène avec un milieu d'étanchéité inerte. Le dispositif d'asservissement de source de gaz (3) détecte des paramètres techniques liés au gaz de l'espace de phase gazeuse en temps réel et, selon des seuils prédéfinis, met en œuvre une commande de rétroaction d'un état gazeux dans l'espace de phase gazeuse en fournissant ou en stockant le milieu d'étanchéité inerte, ce qui permet de maintenir la teneur en oxygène d'une atmosphère de milieu d'étanchéité inerte inférieure à une limite de combustion ou d'explosion d'un matériau protégé. Le nettoyage, la purification et la régulation de température du milieu d'étanchéité inerte peuvent être réalisés par une circulation forcée ou dans un processus par lequel le dispositif d'asservissement de source de gaz (3) délivre des débits de gaz élevés ou faibles. De plus, le dispositif d'asservissement de source de gaz (3) peut offrir une capacité de défense contre une ogive qui détone dans un espace de phase gazeuse et/ou un matériau.
PCT/CN2017/078298 2017-03-27 2017-03-27 Système d'étanchéité inerte cyclique à base de dôme pour réservoir de toit flottant externe et procédé qhse associé de stockage et de transport WO2018176198A1 (fr)

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PCT/CN2017/078298 WO2018176198A1 (fr) 2017-03-27 2017-03-27 Système d'étanchéité inerte cyclique à base de dôme pour réservoir de toit flottant externe et procédé qhse associé de stockage et de transport
KR1020197006927A KR102212185B1 (ko) 2017-03-27 2017-03-27 돔 기반의 외부 플로팅 루프 탱크용 순환 불활성 실링 시스템 및 qhse 저장 운송 방법
JP2019511487A JP6838141B2 (ja) 2017-03-27 2017-03-27 円形頂部付きエクスターナルフローティングルーフタンク用循環不活性媒体密閉システムおよびｑｈｓｅ貯蓄輸送方法

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CN110559746A (zh) * 2019-09-04 2019-12-13 北京国科环宇科技股份有限公司 一种废气回收实验系统及实现方法
CN113120451A (zh) * 2021-04-06 2021-07-16 辽宁石油化工大学 液体密封泄压人孔
CN114738671A (zh) * 2022-03-15 2022-07-12 山东铠和机电设备有限公司 一种为移动设备供气的装置

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