WO2018172280A1 - Procédé servant à réchauffer un milieu - Google Patents

Procédé servant à réchauffer un milieu Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018172280A1
WO2018172280A1 PCT/EP2018/056879 EP2018056879W WO2018172280A1 WO 2018172280 A1 WO2018172280 A1 WO 2018172280A1 EP 2018056879 W EP2018056879 W EP 2018056879W WO 2018172280 A1 WO2018172280 A1 WO 2018172280A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
heating
medium
heated
heating unit
housing
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2018/056879
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Christof Schulte-Göbel
Original Assignee
Schulte Goebel Christof
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Schulte Goebel Christof filed Critical Schulte Goebel Christof
Priority to ATA9079/2018A priority Critical patent/AT521541B1/de
Priority to CH01203/19A priority patent/CH714959B1/de
Priority to DE112018001456.8T priority patent/DE112018001456A5/de
Publication of WO2018172280A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018172280A1/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00—Details
    • F24H9/18—Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means
    • F24H9/1854—Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means for air heaters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/10—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium
    • F24H1/101—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium using electric energy supply
    • F24H1/102—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium using electric energy supply with resistance
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/10—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H3/00—Air heaters
    • F24H3/02—Air heaters with forced circulation
    • F24H3/04—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H3/00—Air heaters
    • F24H3/02—Air heaters with forced circulation
    • F24H3/04—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element
    • F24H3/0405—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element using electric energy supply, e.g. the heating medium being a resistive element; Heating by direct contact, i.e. with resistive elements, electrodes and fins being bonded together without additional element in-between
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H7/00—Storage heaters, i.e. heaters in which the energy is stored as heat in masses for subsequent release
    • F24H7/02—Storage heaters, i.e. heaters in which the energy is stored as heat in masses for subsequent release the released heat being conveyed to a transfer fluid
    • F24H7/04—Storage heaters, i.e. heaters in which the energy is stored as heat in masses for subsequent release the released heat being conveyed to a transfer fluid with forced circulation of the transfer fluid
    • F24H7/0408—Storage heaters, i.e. heaters in which the energy is stored as heat in masses for subsequent release the released heat being conveyed to a transfer fluid with forced circulation of the transfer fluid using electrical energy supply
    • F24H7/0416—Storage heaters, i.e. heaters in which the energy is stored as heat in masses for subsequent release the released heat being conveyed to a transfer fluid with forced circulation of the transfer fluid using electrical energy supply the transfer fluid being air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H7/00—Storage heaters, i.e. heaters in which the energy is stored as heat in masses for subsequent release
    • F24H7/02—Storage heaters, i.e. heaters in which the energy is stored as heat in masses for subsequent release the released heat being conveyed to a transfer fluid
    • F24H7/04—Storage heaters, i.e. heaters in which the energy is stored as heat in masses for subsequent release the released heat being conveyed to a transfer fluid with forced circulation of the transfer fluid
    • F24H7/0408—Storage heaters, i.e. heaters in which the energy is stored as heat in masses for subsequent release the released heat being conveyed to a transfer fluid with forced circulation of the transfer fluid using electrical energy supply
    • F24H7/0433—Storage heaters, i.e. heaters in which the energy is stored as heat in masses for subsequent release the released heat being conveyed to a transfer fluid with forced circulation of the transfer fluid using electrical energy supply the transfer medium being water
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00—Details
    • F24H9/0005—Details for water heaters
    • F24H9/001—Guiding means
    • F24H9/0015—Guiding means in water channels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00—Details
    • F24H9/0052—Details for air heaters
    • F24H9/0057—Guiding means
    • F24H9/0063—Guiding means in air channels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00—Details
    • F24H9/18—Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means
    • F24H9/1809—Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means for water heaters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00—Details
    • F24H9/18—Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means
    • F24H9/1809—Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means for water heaters
    • F24H9/1818—Arrangement or mounting of electric heating means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00—Details
    • F24H9/18—Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means
    • F24H9/1854—Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means for air heaters
    • F24H9/1863—Arrangement or mounting of electric heating means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/02—Details
    • H05B3/06—Heater elements structurally combined with coupling elements or holders
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/40—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes
    • H05B3/42—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes non-flexible
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/022—Heaters specially adapted for heating gaseous material

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for heating a medium and a heating unit.
  • Heating units for heating gaseous media are z. B. from DBP l 074 056 from the year i960 known. Air to be heated flows heating elements radially and the heated compressed air exits radially from the heating unit. This heating unit is used as a radiator. Another heating unit is described in KR 100 993 877 Bi. The air to be heated is conveyed substantially parallel to the lateral surface of the heating unit, only disks which are inserted into the heating unit transversely to the heating rods effect in sections a deflection of the air to be heated, which in this way repeatedly passes by a heating element.
  • the object of the invention is to propose a method for heating a liquid or gaseous medium and a heating unit which is compact, low-wear and efficient.
  • the heating unit according to the invention has a housing, a supply line, also referred to as Lucasein- let, and arranged therein a heating element and at least one guide element, which is arranged concentrically to the heating element is.
  • a discharge also referred to as an air outlet, is provided, which is arranged radially, parallel or tangentially to the heating element.
  • the supply line or the air outlet usually a line or a pipe, absorbs all the heated air and feeds it to the subsequent use. This construction makes the heating unit very compact.
  • the guide element directs the medium to be heated radially on the heating element.
  • the radial flow of the heating rod causes a particularly efficient heating of a liquid or gaseous medium.
  • the medium to be heated which radiates the heating element al flows, then flows around the heating rod tangentially and absorbs heat.
  • the heating unit according to the invention ensures that the medium to be heated flows to each heating element only once.
  • the housing of the heating unit is usually made of metal, but it can be made of any heat-resistant material, eg. As mineral or ceramic material or heat-resistant glass. It may be of any shape, but is preferably cylindrical in cross section, rectangular or polygonal, which allows a very compact design.
  • the housing takes heating elements and guide elements and possibly other elements that further improve the heating unit according to the invention.
  • the housing is closed at the front sides, so that a closed space is created.
  • the end faces may be flat or curved, in particular designed as a dome. Between the end faces, the lateral surface of the housing extends.
  • the housing further has a supply line, usually in the form of a line for the heated, pressurized or depressurized medium, and an outlet for the heated, pressurized or depressurized medium.
  • the air inlet is usually designed as a line that promotes the heated, pressurized or depressurized medium flowing into the housing.
  • the output is preferably designed as a line through which the heated, pressurized or depressurized medium is discharged.
  • the lines for the air inlet and outlet are preferably mounted parallel or tangential to the longitudinal axis of the heating elements on the housing. But they can also be mounted radially on the housing.
  • the input or the supply line can be attached to the housing in any desired manner.
  • the housing has a tangentially arranged
  • Supply line as an air inlet for the pressurized or depressurized medium.
  • the supply line preferably opens in a dome-shaped end face of the housing, in which the pressurized or pressureless flowing, to be heated medium distributed before it flows through the heating unit.
  • the dome is advantageously mounted on an end face of the housing.
  • the supply line and the dome are preferably unheated, so that this section of the housing is cool.
  • the connections for the heating elements are advantageously arranged on the front side with the dome, so that the connections do not come into intensive contact with heated medium.
  • the supply line is designed as a pipe socket which extends into the housing and the mouth directed to an end wall of the housing.
  • Most of the pipe socket in the housing is designed as 90 0 angle, in particular when the supply line is arranged on the housing wall.
  • a particularly good distribution of the medium to be heated is ensured in the housing.
  • supply and discharge are arranged on different, in particular opposite sides, preferably the end faces of the housing.
  • the outer surface of the housing is provided with a vacuum insulation.
  • a vacuum space encloses at least the lateral surface of the housing.
  • the vacuum space can be advantageously connected to a vacuum pump, which constantly maintains a predetermined negative pressure.
  • the heating unit according to the invention is designed for heating liquid or gaseous medium.
  • the medium can be a pressurized, liquid or gaseous medium, for. As compressed air or another pressurized gas or a pressurized liquid such. As water, aqueous solutions or oil.
  • the liquid or gaseous medium can be simply accelerated to flow through the heating unit, without there being a differential pressure with respect to the environment of the heating unit. Subsequently, this is also referred to as a pressureless flow through the heating unit.
  • the medium can be heated to temperatures of up to 1200 ° C, the maximum temperature is determined only by the technical features of the heater, ie z. B.
  • the power that emits the heater or the materials from which the housing or the guide element are made is particularly typical.
  • Particularly typical is the liquid or gaseous medium to z. B. temperatures of 100 ° C to 1000 ° C, in particular 200 ° C to 700 ° C heated.
  • the pressure may be at least sufficient to promote the medium to be heated by the heating unit, for. B. by means of a blower.
  • the medium to be heated is conveyed through the heating unit at a pressure of at least 0.5 bar, in particular at least 2 bar, typically at a pressure of up to 30 bar, in particular with a range of 2 bar to 10 bar, which is customary for compressed air.
  • the maximum pressure of the medium to be heated results from the Compressive strength of the heater.
  • the heating element is preferably elongated, but without other forms such. B. exclude a curved or spiral arrangement.
  • the ends of the heating rod are preferably held by the housing or a mounted on or in the housing holder.
  • the heating element can be kept in an advantageous manner only on one end face of the housing, particularly preferably it is held on both end faces.
  • the heating element can in any way, for. B. with gas, electricity or oil are heated, with an electrically heated heating element is preferred.
  • the heating element has a winding made of heating wire. In this way, a large surface is available, which gives off heat.
  • the heating wire is wound on an elongated, rod-shaped core, so that the heating element is stabilized and emits heat only to the outside.
  • the core is preferably continuous for the medium to be heated, so that the core is cooled by the medium to be heated, while the medium absorbs heat as desired.
  • the heating element or its core can advantageously be of tubular or annular design, so that a partial flow of the medium to be heated flows through the hollow center of the core.
  • the core of the heating element can have numerous channels through which a partial flow of the medium to be heated flows. Depending on the requirement, the channels can be made large or small, in particular the core of the heating element can be made porous.
  • the core is preferably made of insulating material and may, for. B. be made of mineral or ceramic material.
  • the core of the heating element may be thermally insulated to the heating element itself, z. B. with an insulating material or with a vacuum insulation.
  • the terminals for the power supply are preferably mounted on one side of the rod, so that the connection to a power source is particularly simple.
  • the core is preferably made of insulating material and may, for. B. be made of mineral, glass or ceramic material.
  • the heating unit has a plurality of heating elements, so that a good efficiency in heating the medium is ensured.
  • the heating elements are preferably aligned parallel to the lateral surface in order to ensure a uniform heating of the medium. Furthermore, it is advantageous to arrange a plurality of heating rods concentrically, because in this way a compact design and an easily controllable flow of the medium to be heated are achieved.
  • heating elements In the case of concentrically arranged heating rods, it is further preferred to arrange the heating elements radially one behind the other, so that the medium to be heated passes tangentially, in particular without further reversal of direction, several heating rods arranged one behind the other on a radius and receives heat from the surface thereof, so that the medium is heated efficiently.
  • the heating elements which extend from face to face of the housing, are easy to change;
  • the heating unit according to the invention is thus particularly easy to maintain.
  • the heating unit according to the invention in a simple embodiment is formed so that the heating elements are arranged parallel to a central axis of rotation or longitudinal axis.
  • the heating unit may also have more than one longitudinal axis, for. B. two spaced apart longitudinal axes, so that the heating unit z. B. has an elliptical or rectangular cross-section.
  • the heating unit In three longitudinal axes, around which heating rods are arranged, the heating unit has an approximately triangular cross-section or the three longitudinal axes are arranged in series, so that there is a rectangular cross-section.
  • longitudinal axis is used herein to mean a central axis for each group of heating elements in one
  • heating unit can be designed individually for different requirements. Either each individual longitudinal axis is assigned to an air outlet or the heating unit has a central air outlet. Again, the flexibility of the heating unit according to the invention shows.
  • a guide element or, as a rule, a plurality of guide elements is arranged in the housing.
  • the or the guide elements are preferably arranged concentrically around the heating element. More preferably extends or extend the heating elements substantially over the length of the heating element.
  • the or the guiding elements have According holes according to the invention, on the one hand cause a reversal of movement or change in direction of the medium and on the other cause the medium only happens once a heating element.
  • the perforated plate may have small or large holes; the holes can z. B. round or elongated or slit-shaped. The size of the holes depends on the amount of medium to be heated
  • Heating unit flows through, in particular, which pressure and speed conditions are given in the heating unit.
  • the optimal size for the holes can be determined in a few experiments.
  • the guide element can also be composed of two or more sub-elements, between which holes or slots are formed.
  • the medium or a main flow of the medium flows due to the guide element in approximately a radial direction to the heating element, then flows around the heating rod tangentially and thereby absorbs heat, which is discharged from the heating element.
  • This deflection of the medium to be heated from a movement tangential or parallel to the longitudinal axis of the heating element in a radial movement ensures efficient heat transfer to the medium to be heated.
  • this process can be repeated if either two or more heating elements are present, preferably arranged one behind the other in the radial direction.
  • a guide element can be arranged between the heating rods again. It is to be regarded as a particular advantage of the invention that the or the heating elements are particularly uniformly flowed through the onset of the or the guide elements, because the heating element is always flowed over its entire length always the same amount of cool or preheated air.
  • the heating unit according to the invention is therefore particularly low in wear.
  • the guide elements are designed according to the invention as a perforated plate, wherein the holes are each arranged immediately adjacent to a heating element according to an advantageous embodiment.
  • the holes are preferably sized small in relation to the volume of the medium, so that the medium is specifically directed to the heating element.
  • the medium to be heated introduced radially into the housing, the medium initially distributed in the housing and flows parallel to the heating element, to then also to undergo a reversal and to be deflected by the guide element in the radial direction on the heating element.
  • the medium to be heated then flows around the heating rod tangentially.
  • the guide element may be formed as a baffle, which in the manner of a fixed leaf or wing deflects the under pressure, flowing medium to be heated so that it flows in the radial direction of the heating rod substantially in order to then flow around it tangentially and thereby To absorb heat.
  • the baffle is well suited to set optimal flow conditions in the heating unit.
  • the baffle may be formed under aerodynamic or aerodynamic aspects. It is particularly preferred if a first guide element, for. B. a baffle extending between the heating element and the outer wall of the housing, and when a second guide element, for. B. a wedge-shaped baffle, is arranged between tangentially adjacent heating rods.
  • the vertex of the wedge-shaped baffle is arranged toward the central axis of the housing, while the wings of the wedge-shaped baffle extend toward the outer wall. In this way, in particular arranged radially one behind the other in the housing
  • Heating rods ensures that the medium to be heated meets the heating elements in an approximately radial direction.
  • the heated medium After passing through the heating rods, the heated medium is deflected again, so that the medium preferably flows close to the longitudinal axis of the heating unit, more preferably parallel to the lateral surface in the direction of the outlet or the discharge of the heating unit.
  • the heating unit has a memory.
  • the memory which is preferably arranged centrally, serves to store heat. In this way, it is ensured in industrial use of the heating unit in the event of a production interruption that as quickly as possible again a heated, liquid or gaseous medium can be provided.
  • the reservoir is preferably arranged downstream of the heating elements, so that the already heated medium can deliver heat to the reservoir.
  • the memory is advantageously made of a material with high heat Memory capacity created.
  • a solid is used which does not soften, melt or sublime even at maximum temperature in the heating unit.
  • aluminum is used.
  • the solid may, for example, in solid form, for. B. as coarse aluminum granules or as a porous material, for. B.
  • the heating unit can be used as loosely poured chunks of aluminum foam.
  • Preferred is a memory with a larger surface area to absorb heat quickly but also to be able to deliver again.
  • the capacity of the heat accumulator can be determined not only by the choice of the storage material but also by the amount of storage material used.
  • the memory holds on the one hand the medium contained in the heating unit, for. As air or water at the desired temperature. On the other hand, it ensures the delivery of heated medium, eg. As air or water when restarting the heating unit for the short period of time within which the heating element is not heated back to the predetermined temperature.
  • the heating unit has a cooling.
  • a cooling is advantageously designed so that partitions in the housing, which preferably run parallel to the housing wall, the not yet heated, z. B. lead to room temperature initially parallel to an outer wall of the housing, if necessary, again again by another intermediate wall with a greater distance to the housing se parallel to the outer wall.
  • the medium to be heated is cooled by means of a meander-shaped guide, which is predetermined by the partition walls, the housing, in particular the outer surface of the housing. While the housing is cooled, the medium to be heated is heated by the medium to be heated decreases heat from the surface of the intermediate wall or the outer wall of the housing, so that it already impinges preheated on the heating rod.
  • the intermediate wall does not extend over the entire length of the housing, but is delimited at least at one end by a separate partition, which is arranged parallel to an end wall of the housing.
  • the medium to be heated follows a closed path without mixing with inflowing or already heated medium.
  • the cooling can also be arranged outside the outer wall of the housing.
  • the housing may have an insulation, such that heating of the surroundings or undesired cooling of the heating unit is prevented.
  • the insulation preferably comprises inorganic material, e.g. As silicate, ceramic or glassy material, eg. As airgel, glass or mineral wool.
  • the insulation can be mounted in or outside the housing. Alternatively or additionally, a vacuum insulation may be appropriate.
  • the heated in the heating unit according to the invention, pressurized or depressurized medium is preferably used in conjunction with a tool for machining a workpiece, for example for heating an edge strip, which is to be attached to the narrow surface of a plate.
  • the heating unit is used in conjunction with a heat exchanger, which is advantageously connected upstream of the heating unit.
  • the remaining after leaving the tool residual heat medium is detected at least partially and fed to the heat exchanger.
  • Not yet heated medium is passed in countercurrent to the still residual heat containing air, so that at least a portion of the residual heat is released to the still to be heated medium. This reduces the energy or heat input required to heat the medium.
  • a detection device is arranged in or on the heating unit, which detects the state and / or the amount to be heated or the heated, pressurized medium.
  • one or more detection devices are used, which detect the temperature, the amount or pressure, or the speed of the medium flowing through the heating unit.
  • the detection device or the detection devices are connected to a control that ensures a desired or predetermined power of the heating unit.
  • the inventive method for heating a pressurized or pressureless flowing, liquid or gaseous medium is carried out in a heating unit comprising a housing and a heating element and at least one guide element, with the steps: introducing the heated, pressurized or depressurized flowing, liquid or gaseous medium in the housing, directing the medium by means of the at least one formed as a perforated plate guide element on the heating element, radial flow against the heating medium to the heating element and tangential flow around the heating element for heating the medium, as well as outflow of the heated liquid or gaseous medium from the heating unit in a conduit which is attached as an air outlet to the housing.
  • the medium to be heated is preferably introduced into the heating unit parallel to the outer wall of the housing, alternatively also tangentially or radially to the outer wall of the housing.
  • the medium to be heated, pressurized or depressurized flows preferably tangentially into a dome, which is preferably attached to an end face of the housing.
  • the dome creates space for distributing the medium over the entire cross section of the heating unit.
  • the medium to be heated is introduced into the housing in such a way that it flows in the direction of an end wall of the housing.
  • the air inlet may be formed as a pipe or pipe bend, which initiates the medium to be heated in the direction of an end wall, in particular in the direction of a dome-shaped curved end wall of the housing.
  • This ensures a particularly uniform distribution of the medium to be heated in the housing, in particular along the outer wall. If the introduced air initially flows along the outer wall of the housing, this is effectively cooled. From there, the not yet heated medium is guided along by guiding elements first on the outer wall of the housing, with the desired side effect of cooling the outer wall of the housing, because the heat energy, which emits an outer heating element, is dissipated in the direction of the center of the housing.
  • the medium to be heated is then passed through a guide element in the radial direction of the heating element and flows around this tangentially.
  • the medium to be heated absorbs heat, which is released by the heating element.
  • the tangential flow around the heating elements heats the pressurized or depressurized medium particularly effectively.
  • Fig. I is a schematic representation of the heating unit according to the invention according to a first embodiment in longitudinal section;
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic representation of the heating unit according to the invention after a second embodiment in cross section;
  • FIG 3 shows a cross section through an inventive heating unit according to a third embodiment.
  • FIG. 4 shows a cross section through an inventive heating unit according to a fourth embodiment.
  • the following embodiments are concerned with the heating of a pressurized, gaseous medium, in particular compressed air.
  • the same construction of the heating unit 2 but according to the invention can also be used for a pressurized liquid medium or for pressureless the heating unit flowing through, gaseous or liquid media.
  • Typical media to be heated are air or compressed air, water, steam or oil.
  • FIG. ⁇ An inventive heating unit 2 according to a first embodiment with a housing 4 and heating elements 6 is shown in a first embodiment in Fig. ⁇ .
  • the housing is made of metal. It is cylindrical.
  • the outer wall io and the end faces 8a, 8b are closed, except for a feed line 12 and a discharge line 14, which open parallel to the outer wall 10 in the end face 8a.
  • the heating rods 6 are arranged near the axis of rotation R of the housing 2. They extend parallel to each other and to the axis of rotation R of the housing 2. They have a core of ceramic material and a winding of heating wire, which is electrically heated. They are bolted to the end faces 8a, 8b.
  • the heating elements 6 are preferably screwed to the cold end face 8a, that is to say to the end face 8a, which has the air inlet.
  • two intermediate walls 16a, 16b are arranged parallel to the outer wall.
  • the closer to the outer wall 10 lying intermediate wall 16a extends from the end wall 8a to just before the end wall 8b.
  • the closer to the heating elements 6 intermediate wall 16b extends from the end wall 8b to just before the end wall 8a.
  • the partitions are thus arranged concentrically and they carry the incoming gaseous, pressurized medium, here z. B. compressed air at a pressure of about 6 bar, alternatively, a pressureless flowing, liquid or gaseous medium such as water, oil or a pressureless, accelerated air flow, meandering first by a first guide channel 18a bounded by the outer wall 10 and the first partition 16a.
  • the flow direction of the medium is reversed and is directed to the end wall 8a. It passes the guide channel 18b, which is delimited by the two intermediate walls 16a 16b. At the end wall 8a, the flow direction of the medium is again reversed. Up to this point, the medium flows parallel to the outer wall 10 of the heating unit. 2
  • the heating elements 6 are surrounded by a concentrically arranged guide element 20, which is designed here as a perforated plate.
  • the holes are formed as rows of holes which are located exactly above a heating element 6.
  • the medium which again reverses the flow direction at the end of the guide channel 18b at the end face 8a, enters the flow channel 18c, which is delimited by the second intermediate wall 16b and the guide element 20.
  • the medium has as a single outlet the holes of the guide element 20 and passes through these holes.
  • the flow direction is reversed in a, relative to the heating elements 6, radial flow direction, also indicated by arrows.
  • the medium flows around the surface of a heating element 6 and absorbs heat from the surface of the heating element 6. This section can be referred to as tangential flow with respect to the heating element 6.
  • the heated medium now flows into the discharge and here again experiences a reversal of direction.
  • the medium flows, indicated by the arrows, again parallel to the outer wall 10 of the housing 4 through the discharge line 14 out of the heating unit.
  • the compressed air from ambient temperature (about 20 ° C) is heated to 600 ° C.
  • the heating takes place in a compact heating unit in a very efficient manner, because the heating elements are freely accessible and the compressed air or other liquid or gaseous pressurized or pressureless media can remove the heat directly from the heating wire.
  • the device is easy to maintain because the heating elements 6 can be easily changed if necessary.
  • Fig. 2 shows a second embodiment of the heating unit 2 according to the invention.
  • the reference numerals for the same features are used as they were previously introduced.
  • Fig. 2 shows a second embodiment in cross section, in which the structure of the housing 4 with partition walls 16a, 16b and guide element 20 and guide channels 18a, 18b and 18c are arranged in the same manner as in the embodiment of Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 2 further shows nine heating rods 6, which are arranged in parallel and concentric.
  • the guide element 20, again a cylindrical perforated plate, has rows of holes. The rows of holes each extend directly over a heating rod 6, so that the medium to be heated, based on the heating element 6, this flows radially and then tangentially around the heating element 6 is passed around, so that heat from the surface of the heating element 6 on the here gaseous, but alternatively can also pass liquid, pressurized or depressurized medium flowing.
  • a memory 22 is here in the derivative, parallel to the axis of rotation R used.
  • the memory 22 is composed of chunks of open-pore aluminum foam, that is to say chunks of sintered aluminum particles.
  • the heated and pressurized medium flowing in the discharge 14 flows past the accumulator 22 or through the accumulator 22, thereby discharging part of the heat just taken up by the heating stave 6 to the accumulator 22.
  • the memory 22 gives off heat, thereby facilitating the provision of heated medium at the desired temperature when restarting the Pro - production.
  • the heating unit is called slow because it warms up slowly and cools slowly. If the memory is designed to receive a small amount of heat, the Schuster- gregat is called nimble because the memory quickly absorbs the intended amount of heat and, z. B. at a production interruption, and quickly gives away again.
  • the housing 4 encloses with its outer wall 10 a first intermediate wall 16 a and a Guide element 20, which are arranged concentrically, and which direct the medium to be heated as described above, first in a guide channel 18a and then in a guide channel 18c parallel to the outer wall 10 of the housing 4. From the guide channel 18c, the medium to be heated is deflected through the holes of the guide element 20, which is designed as a perforated plate, so that it flows in the radial direction on the arranged immediately behind the hole heating element 6 and flows around it tangentially.
  • the heating unit 2 in each case two heating elements 6 are arranged behind one another in the radial direction, relative to the axis of rotation of the cylindrical housing 4.
  • the second, closer to the axis of rotation R arranged heating rod 6 is as completely as possible flowed through by the medium to be heated, so that an optimal heat transfer is possible, a second guide element 24 is inserted into the housing 4.
  • the second guide element 24 is formed as an angle whose bending line 26 is directed towards the axis of rotation, while the wings 28 of the angle are anchored to the guide element 20.
  • a radial guide channel 30 is formed which begins at the guide element 20 and which still encloses the heating rod 6 which is arranged closest to the axis of rotation R of the housing.
  • the flow direction of the medium to be heated in this radial guide channel 30 is indicated by arrows.
  • each of the embodiments of Figs. 1 to 3 may also comprise insulation, preferably insulation applied externally to the outer wall of the housing, which prevents or reduces the release of heat to the environment.
  • FIG. 4 shows in cross-section a fourth embodiment of the invention Schuaggre- gats.
  • the same reference numerals are used here, insofar as they denote the same components.
  • the arrangement of the intermediate wall 16 a with the guide channels 18 a, 18 b and with the guide element 20 is comparable to the arrangements according to the first to third embodiments of the heating unit. 2
  • the heating unit 2 here has a housing 4, on whose end wall 8a, a dome 32 is formed.
  • the dome which is delimited by a partition wall arranged parallel to the end wall 8a, creates a space 34 which covers the entire cross section of the housing 4.
  • the supply line 12 leads to be heated, pressurized air (compressed air) radially into the space 34 a.
  • the lead is bent by 90 0 and directed to the end face 8a, so that the compressed air is distributed into the dome.
  • the compressed air to be heated is then passed parallel to the heating rods through the connecting between the outer wall and partition guide channel 18a and the subsequent guide channel 18b, to then be passed through the guide member 20 in the radial direction on the heating element 6.
  • the heating elements 6, of which only one heating element is shown here for the sake of clarity, are arranged in the housing 4 such that their connections 36 are arranged on the end wall 8a. Due to the not yet heated compressed air, the end wall 8a and the terminal 36 of the heating element 6 are cooled.
  • the heating unit according to the fourth embodiment is designed so that a partial flow of the compressed air to be heated flows through the interior of the here tubular core of the heating element 6.
  • the heating element 6 is porous and thus permeable to a partial flow of the compressed air to be heated.
  • an opening in the partition wall can direct a partial flow of the compressed air to be heated into the interior of the tubular heating rod 6. After flowing through the heating unit 2, the heated compressed air leaves the heating unit via the discharge line 14, which is arranged on the end wall 8b.
  • the end wall 8b is warmer than the end wall 8a.
  • the heating units 2 described in FIGS. 1 to 4 may optionally be cooled or insulated, in particular when other tools or devices are arranged adjacent to one another during operation which are not intended to be heated.
  • the insulation is advantageously carried out as a vacuum insulation, z. B. as a vacuum space, which is optionally maintained by a vacuum pump constantly at a predetermined negative pressure.
  • sheaths of insulating material may surround the outer wall 10 of the housing 4. Cooling, in which a cooling medium flows through a cooling space which surrounds the outer wall of the housing, is also available.
  • the preceding embodiments each show a heating unit 2 with only one axis of rotation R or longitudinal axis, around which heating elements 6 are arranged annularly.
  • Other embodiments not shown here in detail may have two or more rotational or longitudinal axes around which heating rods 6 are preferably arranged concentrically or annularly at least on circular sections.
  • the heating elements 6, comparable to the embodiment 3 can be arranged annularly in several circles with increasing distance to the rotation axis R and to a longitudinal axis.
  • the heating elements 6 are preferably arranged one behind the other, that is to say on a radius, relative to the axis of rotation R.
  • heating rods 6 are arranged between the axes of rotation R or longitudinal axes at least on the outer radii.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
  • Central Heating Systems (AREA)
  • Instantaneous Water Boilers, Portable Hot-Water Supply Apparatuses, And Control Of Portable Hot-Water Supply Apparatuses (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé servant à réchauffer un milieu au moyen d'une unité de chauffage comprenant un boîtier et une barre de chauffage disposée à l'intérieur et au moins un élément conducteur, qui est disposé de manière concentrique par rapport à la barre de chauffage. Une déviation faisant office de sortie d'air pour le milieu réchauffé est agencée sur le boîtier. L'invention vise à proposer une unité de chauffage compacte, résistante à l'usure et efficace. L'invention prévoit à cet effet qu'une tôle perforée agencée de manière concentrique par rapport à la barre de chauffage est agencée en tant qu'élément conducteur.
PCT/EP2018/056879 2017-03-20 2018-03-19 Procédé servant à réchauffer un milieu WO2018172280A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ATA9079/2018A AT521541B1 (de) 2017-03-20 2018-03-19 Verfahren zum Erhitzen eines Mediums
CH01203/19A CH714959B1 (de) 2017-03-20 2018-03-19 Verfahren zum Erhitzen eines Mediums.
DE112018001456.8T DE112018001456A5 (de) 2017-03-20 2018-03-19 Verfahren zum erhitzen eines mediums

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102017105962.8A DE102017105962B4 (de) 2017-03-20 2017-03-20 Heizaggregat und Verfahren zum Erhitzen eines gasförmigen Mediums
DE102017105962.8 2017-03-20

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WO2018172280A1 true WO2018172280A1 (fr) 2018-09-27

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AT (1) AT521541B1 (fr)
CH (1) CH714959B1 (fr)
DE (2) DE102017105962B4 (fr)
WO (1) WO2018172280A1 (fr)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111121272B (zh) * 2020-01-04 2021-11-05 郑军锋 一种双通道稳压型水加热装置
CN111516086B (zh) * 2020-05-11 2020-10-30 嵊州亚坎空气净化设备有限公司 一种吸盘式家具局部甲醛去除装置

Citations (6)

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FR512283A (fr) * 1920-03-23 1921-01-19 Emile Steurs Appareil de chauffage par l'électricité
US3094606A (en) * 1958-10-29 1963-06-18 Edwin W Ferris Electric paint removing device
US3828161A (en) * 1971-07-20 1974-08-06 Cleland E For heating fluids by means of gas permeable heat generating members
EP0253547A1 (fr) * 1986-07-17 1988-01-20 Measurex Corporation Chauffage d'air pour un dispositif de contrôle du diamètre d'un rouleau de calandre
KR100993877B1 (ko) 2009-07-16 2010-11-11 손한봉 온풍기
DE102011015898A1 (de) * 2011-04-01 2012-10-04 Christof Schulte-Göbel Schmalflächenbeschichtungsvorrichtung und Verfahren zum Aufbringen einer kleberfrei wärmeaktivierbaren Kantenbeschichtung mittels Heißluft oder Heißgas

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DE162669C (fr) *
DE1074056B (de) * 1960-01-28 James Hallcy S. Sons Limited West Bromwich Stafford (Großbritan men) Rohrformige zum Einbau in eine Druck maschine bestimmte Warmluft Heizvor richtung
DE1937804U (de) 1966-01-28 1966-05-05 Herbert Nowak Staender fuer putzgeraete und -mittel mit abfallbehaelter.
DE1937804A1 (de) * 1969-07-25 1971-02-18 Siemens Elektrogeraete Gmbh Waermespeicher
DE2311190A1 (de) 1973-03-07 1974-09-12 Daimler Benz Ag Kraftfahrzeug-heizung
KR101061699B1 (ko) * 2008-09-18 2011-09-01 오영호 공기 와류형 전기온풍기

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR512283A (fr) * 1920-03-23 1921-01-19 Emile Steurs Appareil de chauffage par l'électricité
US3094606A (en) * 1958-10-29 1963-06-18 Edwin W Ferris Electric paint removing device
US3828161A (en) * 1971-07-20 1974-08-06 Cleland E For heating fluids by means of gas permeable heat generating members
EP0253547A1 (fr) * 1986-07-17 1988-01-20 Measurex Corporation Chauffage d'air pour un dispositif de contrôle du diamètre d'un rouleau de calandre
KR100993877B1 (ko) 2009-07-16 2010-11-11 손한봉 온풍기
DE102011015898A1 (de) * 2011-04-01 2012-10-04 Christof Schulte-Göbel Schmalflächenbeschichtungsvorrichtung und Verfahren zum Aufbringen einer kleberfrei wärmeaktivierbaren Kantenbeschichtung mittels Heißluft oder Heißgas

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE112018001456A5 (de) 2019-11-28
DE102017105962B4 (de) 2019-11-28
AT521541B1 (de) 2020-04-15
DE102017105962A1 (de) 2018-09-20
CH714959B1 (de) 2023-03-31
AT521541A5 (de) 2020-02-15

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