WO2018166433A1 - 一种数据传输方法及相关设备 - Google Patents

一种数据传输方法及相关设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018166433A1
WO2018166433A1 PCT/CN2018/078796 CN2018078796W WO2018166433A1 WO 2018166433 A1 WO2018166433 A1 WO 2018166433A1 CN 2018078796 W CN2018078796 W CN 2018078796W WO 2018166433 A1 WO2018166433 A1 WO 2018166433A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
data packet
data
receiving end
related information
sending
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PCT/CN2018/078796
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
乔云飞
张朝龙
王坚
戴胜辰
李榕
Original Assignee
华为技术有限公司
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Publication date
Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to BR112019019039A priority Critical patent/BR112019019039A2/pt
Priority to EP18767398.3A priority patent/EP3573366B1/en
Publication of WO2018166433A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018166433A1/zh
Priority to US16/571,161 priority patent/US11240709B2/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
    • H04W28/02—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control
    • H04W28/06—Optimizing the usage of the radio link, e.g. header compression, information sizing, discarding information
    • H04W28/065—Optimizing the usage of the radio link, e.g. header compression, information sizing, discarding information using assembly or disassembly of packets
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/0001—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff
    • H04L1/0006—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff by adapting the transmission format
    • H04L1/0007—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff by adapting the transmission format by modifying the frame length
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/0001—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff
    • H04L1/0006—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff by adapting the transmission format
    • H04L1/0007—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff by adapting the transmission format by modifying the frame length
    • H04L1/0008—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff by adapting the transmission format by modifying the frame length by supplementing frame payload, e.g. with padding bits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/0001—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff
    • H04L1/0009—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff by adapting the channel coding
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/0001—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff
    • H04L1/0033—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff arrangements specific to the transmitter
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/004—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using forward error control
    • H04L1/0041—Arrangements at the transmitter end
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/0078—Avoidance of errors by organising the transmitted data in a format specifically designed to deal with errors, e.g. location
    • H04L1/0083—Formatting with frames or packets; Protocol or part of protocol for error control
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/0078—Avoidance of errors by organising the transmitted data in a format specifically designed to deal with errors, e.g. location
    • H04L1/0084—Formats for payload data
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
    • H04L69/04—Protocols for data compression, e.g. ROHC
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
    • H04W28/02—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control
    • H04W28/04—Error control
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/70—Services for machine-to-machine communication [M2M] or machine type communication [MTC]

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a data transmission method and related equipment.
  • enhanced mobile broadband eMBB
  • ultra-reliable low-latency communication Ultra Reliable
  • URLLC Ultra Reliable Low Latency Communications
  • mMTC massive Machine Type Communications
  • the eMBB service mainly includes ultra high definition video, Augmented Reality (AR), Virtual Reality (VR), etc.
  • AR Augmented Reality
  • VR Virtual Reality
  • the main feature is that the transmission data volume is large and the transmission rate is high;
  • the URLLC service is mainly used for the Internet of Things.
  • the main features are high reliability, low latency and suddenness;
  • mMTC business is mainly used in smart grids and smart cities in the Internet of Things.
  • the main feature is the connection of massive devices, small amount of data transmitted, and tolerance. Long delays.
  • the coding gain of channel coding increases with the increase of the code length.
  • the length of the transmitted data packet is generally short, for example, in industrial control, unmanned driving, etc., data.
  • the length of the packet is often less than 100 bits, and it is difficult to obtain a higher coding gain if the existing coding method is used. Therefore, how to obtain a higher coding gain in the URLLC scenario to ensure high reliability of the URLLC service has become an urgent problem to be solved.
  • the embodiment of the invention discloses a data transmission method and related device, which can obtain a higher channel coding gain in a URLLC scenario and improve data transmission reliability.
  • a first aspect of the embodiments of the present invention discloses a data transmission method, where the method may include:
  • the second data packet may be generated according to the first data packet, so that the second data packet is encoded, and the encoded second data packet is sent, where the second The length of the packet is greater than the length of the first packet.
  • the sending end may be a network device or a user terminal; correspondingly, the receiving end may be a user terminal or a network device.
  • the transmitting end sends a data packet to the receiving end
  • the short-length data packet can be combined into a long-length data packet, which is channel-coded and sent to the receiving end, so that a higher channel coding gain can be obtained during data transmission. Avoid the high bit error rate of short packet transmission, which can improve the reliability of data transmission.
  • the manner in which the sending end generates the second data packet based on the first data packet may include the following:
  • the sending end performs data filling on the first data packet based on the first filling rule to obtain a second data packet.
  • the first filling rule may be that all the "0" and/or "1" data are filled after the first data packet, so that the filled data packet can reach a specified length; or the first data packet may be repeated to make the data The package reaches the specified length.
  • Method 1 can be applied to data uplink and downlink transmission.
  • the data padding or single-user repetition mechanism is used to splicing short packets into a growing packet before encoding, which can avoid the problem of high bit error rate or high block error rate when transmitting short packets in a URLLC scenario, so that the bit error rate can be transmitted quietly. Meet the high reliability requirements of URLLC type services.
  • the transmitting end determines the third data packet sent to the second receiving end, so as to splicing the first data packet and the third data packet to obtain the second data packet.
  • the third data packet and the first data packet may be separately filled according to the second filling rule, and the third data packet after filling and the filled data packet may be filled.
  • the first data packet is spliced to obtain a second data packet.
  • the sending end determines the third data packet sent to the second receiving end, and splicing the first data packet and the third data, and performing data filling on the spliced data packet according to the second filling rule to obtain the second data packet.
  • the second mode to the fourth mode can be applied to data downlink transmission, and the second receiving end can stop one or more receiving ends different from the first receiving end.
  • the multi-user joint transmission mechanism is used to splicing short packets into a growing packet before encoding, which can avoid the problem of high bit error rate or high block error rate when transmitting short packets in a URLLC scenario, so that the bit error rate can be quietly transmitted and satisfied.
  • the high reliability requirements of URLLC type services are used to splicing short packets into a growing packet before encoding, which can avoid the problem of high bit error rate or high block error rate when transmitting short packets in a URLLC scenario, so that the bit error rate can be quietly transmitted and satisfied.
  • the sending end may first determine a length of the first data packet, and if the length is less than a preset length threshold, generate a second length that is longer than the first data packet based on the first data packet. data pack.
  • the sending end may send, to the receiving end, related information of the second data packet, where the related information is used to indicate the first data packet of the receiving end.
  • the related information may respectively indicate that the first data packet and the third data packet are in the second a location in the data packet; information indicating the start data, length, and the like of the first data packet and the third data packet may also be respectively indicated; and the identifiers of the first receiving end and the second receiving end may also be respectively indicated.
  • the related information may be carried in the second data packet; the related information may also be broadcasted in the system; the related information may be separately sent to each receiving end; and the location of each data packet of each receiving end may also be The start data, length, and receiver identifier are sent to the corresponding receiver.
  • the related information may be used to indicate information such as location, start data, length, and the like of the first data packet in the second data packet, or may be used. Indicating the identifier of the receiving end corresponding to the first data packet, and the like.
  • a second aspect of the embodiment of the present invention discloses a data transmission method, which may include:
  • the receiving end may decode the second data packet, so as to obtain the first data packet of the receiving end from the decoded second data packet.
  • the second data packet is obtained by the first data packet being filled by data or spliced by multiple receiving ends.
  • the sending end may be a network device or a user terminal; correspondingly, the receiving end may be a user terminal or a network device.
  • the transmitting end sends a data packet to the receiving end
  • the short-length data packet can be combined into a long-length data packet, which is channel-coded and sent to the receiving end, so that a higher channel coding gain can be obtained during data transmission. Avoid the high bit error rate of short packet transmission, which can reduce the bit error rate and improve the reliability of data transmission.
  • the receiving end may further receive information about the second data packet sent by the sending end, where the related information is used to indicate the first data packet of the receiving end. Then, the specific manner in which the receiving end obtains the first data packet of the receiving end from the decoded second data packet may be:
  • the second data packet may be obtained by data padding of the first data packet by data padding and/or data packets of other receiving ends. Then the related information can also indicate the data packets of other receiving ends.
  • a third aspect of the embodiment of the present invention discloses a sending end, which may be a network device or a user terminal.
  • the sending end may include a determining module, a generating module, an encoding module, and a sending module, for performing the data transmission method described in the first aspect.
  • the short-length data packet is synthesized into a long-length data packet, and after being channel-coded and transmitted to the receiving end, a higher channel coding gain can be obtained during data transmission, and the short packet is avoided.
  • the higher bit error rate of transmission which can reduce the bit error rate and improve the reliability of data transmission.
  • a fourth aspect of the embodiment of the present invention discloses a receiving end, which may be a network device or a user terminal.
  • the receiving end may include a receiving module, a decoding module, and an obtaining module, and configured to execute the data transmission method described in the second aspect.
  • the transmitting end sends a data packet to the receiving end
  • the short-length data packet is synthesized into a long-length data packet, and the channel is encoded and then sent to the receiving end, so that a higher channel coding gain can be obtained during data transmission, thereby avoiding
  • the high bit error rate of short packet transmission can reduce the bit error rate and improve the reliability of data transmission.
  • a fifth aspect of the embodiments of the present invention discloses a network device, which may include a transceiver, a processor, and a memory, wherein: the processor, the transceiver, and the memory are connected to each other; and the transceiver is controlled by the processor to send and receive messages;
  • the memory is configured to store a set of program code, and the processor is configured to call the program code stored in the memory to execute the data transmission method disclosed in the first aspect or the second aspect.
  • a sixth aspect of the embodiments of the present invention discloses a user terminal, which may include an input device, an output device, a processor, and a memory, where: the input device, the output device, the processor, and the memory may be connected by a bus; the input device and the output The device is controlled by the processor for transmitting and receiving messages; the memory is for storing a set of program codes, and the processor is configured to call the program code stored in the memory to execute the data transmission method disclosed in the first aspect or the second aspect.
  • the short-length data packet when the transmitting end sends a data packet to the receiving end, the short-length data packet can be combined into a long data packet, and the channel is encoded and sent to the receiving end, so that the URL can be compared during the URLLC data transmission.
  • High channel coding gain improves the reliability of data transmission.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a network architecture disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart of a data transmission method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a second data packet according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3b is a schematic structural diagram of another second data packet according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 3c is a schematic structural diagram of still another second data packet according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of still another second data packet disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3e is a schematic structural diagram of still another second data packet according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a transmitting end according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a receiving end according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a network device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a user terminal according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the embodiment of the invention discloses a data transmission method and related equipment.
  • a higher channel coding gain can be obtained in the URLLC scenario to improve data transmission reliability.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a network architecture disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • a network device and at least one user terminal may be included.
  • the network device may include, but is not limited to, a base station, a radio network controller, a base station controller, etc.
  • the user terminal may include, but is not limited to, a mobile phone, a tablet, a personal digital assistant (PDA), and a mobile internet device (Mobile).
  • PDA personal digital assistant
  • Mobile mobile internet device
  • Internet Device MID
  • vehicle terminal drone, etc.
  • the network device needs to perform channel coding on the data packet to be transmitted to the user terminal before transmitting the downlink data to the user terminal, and the user terminal obtains data by decoding the data.
  • the user terminal before transmitting the uplink data to the network device, the user terminal also performs channel coding on the data packet to be transmitted, and transmits the data packet to the network device, and the network device obtains data by decoding the data packet.
  • the data packet to be transmitted may be the control information, the data information, or the mixture of the control information and the data information, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart diagram of a data transmission method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the method described in FIG. 2 can be applied to a network device, and can also be applied to a user terminal. As shown in FIG. 2, the method can include the following steps:
  • the sending end determines the first data packet sent to the receiving end.
  • the sending end may be a network device or a user terminal.
  • the receiving end may be a user terminal or a network device. That is to say, the data transmission mentioned in the present solution can be used for the uplink data transmission, and can also be used for the downlink data transmission, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the transmitting end when the transmitting end is a network device and the receiving end is a user terminal, before the network device determines the first data packet sent to the user terminal, the user terminal sends a data request to the network device, and the network device is based on The data request determines the data packet to be sent.
  • the transmitting end is a user terminal and the receiving end is a network device
  • the user terminal may obtain an authorization for data uplink transmission from the network device before determining to send the first data packet to the network device, and determine to be sent if the authorization is passed.
  • the data packet can also be sent in other ways, such as separately sending information to the network device to indicate the data transmission mode used, for example, generating short packet data from the short packet data.
  • the sending end may first determine a length of the first data packet, and if the length is less than a preset length threshold, generate a length ratio first packet based on the first data packet. Long second packet.
  • the preset length threshold is a preset length threshold of the sending end, and may be 50 bits, or 60 bits, or 100 bits in the URL LC scenario, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the base station needs to send 60-bit data to the user terminal based on the request of the user terminal. If the preset length threshold is 50 bits, the base station can directly perform channel coding on the data and transmit the data to the user terminal. If the preset length threshold is 100 bits, then The base station needs to fill the data, or repeat the data twice, or splicing the data of other user terminals with the data of the user terminal (assuming the length is also 60 bits), thereby obtaining a 120-bit data packet, and then passing through The channel is encoded and transmitted to the user terminal.
  • NB-IoT Narrow-band Internet of Things
  • the transmitting end generates a second data packet based on the first data packet, and encodes the second data packet.
  • the transmitting end may generate the second data packet by using the first data packet, where the length of the generated second data packet is greater than the length of the first data packet.
  • the manner in which the sending end generates the second data packet based on the first data packet may include the following:
  • the sending end performs data filling on the first data packet based on the first filling rule to obtain a second data packet.
  • the transmitting end is a network device and the receiving end is a user terminal
  • the first data packet is a data packet of the first receiving end
  • the transmitting end determines a third data packet sent to the second receiving end, thereby the first data packet and
  • the third data packet is spliced to obtain a second data packet.
  • the transmitting end is a network device and the receiving end is a user terminal
  • the first data packet is a data packet of the first receiving end
  • the second filling rule may be based on the second filling rule.
  • Data padding is performed on the third data packet and the first data packet respectively, and the third data packet after filling and the first data packet after filling are spliced to obtain a second data packet.
  • the transmitting end is a network device and the receiving end is a user terminal
  • the first data packet is a data packet of the first receiving end
  • the transmitting end determines a third data packet sent to the second receiving end
  • the first data packet is After the third data is spliced, the spliced data packet is padded based on the second filling rule to obtain a second data packet.
  • the sending end may be a network device or a user terminal.
  • the first filling rule may be to fill all the "0" and/or "1" data after the first data packet, so that the filled data packet can reach a specified length, for example, as shown in FIG. 3a, in FIG. 3a, the transmitting end will After all "0" data is filled into the first data packet, the second data packet is obtained; the first data packet may be repeated, so that the data packet reaches a specified length, for example, as shown in FIG. 3b, in FIG. 3b, the transmitting end will The data packets to be sent are repeated, and a longer data packet is generated, which may be repeated once or repeatedly.
  • the number of repetitions may be different in different scenarios and for data packets of different lengths, and the embodiment of the present invention does not. limited.
  • the base station may repeat the 60-bit information sent to the user terminal twice to generate 120-bit information; or may fill the "0" or "1" data into the first data packet, in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the user terminal can repeat its own data multiple times and splicing the short data packets into a growing data packet.
  • the sending end is a network device
  • the first receiving end and the second receiving end are user terminals, that is, the first receiving end is the first user terminal, and the second receiving end is the second user terminal.
  • the second user terminal may refer to a user terminal different from the first user terminal, or may refer to a plurality of user terminals different from the first user terminal.
  • the second user terminal may be a user terminal to which the network device sends a data packet, may be in the same cell as the first user terminal, may be in a different cell, or may be within a certain distance from the first user terminal.
  • the third data packet of each second user terminal may be the same or different, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the second data packet can be obtained by splicing the first data packet and the multiple third data packets, as shown in FIG. 3c, and FIG. 3c is only a schematic splicing manner, and the first data packet can be Located anywhere in the second packet.
  • the second data packet may be obtained by splicing the first data packet and the third data packet, or may be obtained by using multiple first data packets and at least one third data packet, which is not limited by the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the transmitting end performs data filling on the first data packet and the second data packet respectively according to the second filling rule, and then fills the first data packet and the filled data packet.
  • the three data packets are spliced to obtain a second data packet, as shown in Figure 3d.
  • the second filling rule can be the same as the first filling rule.
  • the sending end performs data filling on the first data packet and the third data packet respectively according to the second filling rule, so that the first data packet and the third data packet are filled with the same length and reach a specified length, for example, the first data packet.
  • the length is 30 bits
  • the length of the third data packet is 40 bits.
  • the second filling rule may be to fill the data packet to a length of 50 bits, then the first data packet needs to be filled with 20 bits of data, and the third data packet is filled with 10 bits.
  • Data can also be filled with data of a specified length, for example, the first data packet and the third data packet are respectively filled with 10 bits of data, and then the first data packet after filling is 40 bits in length, and the third data after padding is filled.
  • the length of the packet is 50 bits, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the transmitting end performs data filling on the spliced data packet according to the second filling rule, thereby obtaining the second data packet.
  • the second filling rule can be the same as the first filling rule.
  • the first method adopts a data filling or single-user repetition mechanism
  • the second method to the fourth method adopt a multi-user joint transmission mechanism
  • the short data packets are spliced into a long data packet, which can avoid the short packet transmission in the URLLC scenario.
  • the problem of high bit error rate or high block error rate can meet the high reliability requirements of URLLC type services.
  • the transmitting end generates a second data packet whose length is greater than the first data packet based on the first data packet, thereby performing channel coding, for example, using a polar code coding technique or a low density parity check code (LDPC) encoding technique performs encoding to obtain the encoded data packet.
  • LDPC Low Density Parity Check Code
  • the sending end sends the encoded second data packet to the receiving end.
  • the transmission short packet performance is not as good as the long packet, for example, the transmission short packet has a higher bit error rate. Therefore, the transmitting end splicing or filling the extended packet data of the short packet data to be transmitted, and then performing channel coding transmission, so that better transmission performance can be obtained and the transmission error rate can be reduced.
  • the network device in a case where the second data packet is a data packet of a plurality of user terminals, the network device sends the second data packet to all the user terminals.
  • the base station may separately send the second data packet to the first user terminal and the second user terminal.
  • the receiving end receives the encoded second data packet, and decodes the second data packet.
  • the receiving end acquires the first data packet from the decoded data packet.
  • the receiving end may decode the data packet, and then obtain its own data packet from the decoded data packet.
  • the sending end may send, to the receiving end, related information of the second data packet, where the related information is used to indicate the first data packet of the receiving end.
  • the related information may respectively indicate that the first data packet and the third data packet are in the second a location in the data packet; may also indicate information such as the start data, length, and the like of the first data packet and the third data packet; and may also indicate the identifiers of the first receiving end and the second receiving end respectively (eg, identity ID, media access)
  • the control Media Access Control, MAC address
  • the receiving end can obtain the data belonging to itself according to the identifier of the receiving end.
  • the related information may be carried in the second data packet; the related information may also be broadcasted in the system; the related information may be separately sent to each receiving end; and the location of each data packet of each receiving end may also be The initial data, the length, and the identifier of the receiving end are sent to the corresponding receiving end, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the related information may be used to indicate information such as location, start data, length, and the like of the first data packet in the second data packet, or may be used.
  • the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to the identifier of the receiving end corresponding to the first data packet.
  • the sending end may further inform the receiving end of the location of the first data packet or the identifier information of the first data packet, and after receiving the encoded second data packet, the receiving end directly performs the indicated data packet based on the location. Decoding, or detecting the encoded second data packet based on the identification information, and directly decoding the first data packet after detecting the first data packet, thereby avoiding decoding the redundant data and improving data acquisition effectiveness.
  • the short-length data packet can be spliced or filled into a long data packet, and the channel is encoded and sent to the receiving end, so that It can obtain higher channel coding gain in URLLC data transmission, avoiding higher bit error rate of short packet transmission and improving the reliability of data transmission.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a transmitting end according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the sender described in FIG. 4 can be applied to a network device, and can also be applied to a user terminal.
  • the sender may include the following modules:
  • the determining module 401 is configured to determine the first data packet sent to the first receiving end.
  • the generating module 402 is configured to generate a second data packet based on the first data packet, where the length of the second data packet is greater than the length of the first data packet.
  • the encoding module 403 is configured to encode the second data packet.
  • the sending module 404 is configured to send the encoded second data packet.
  • the specific manner in which the generating module 402 generates the second data packet based on the first data packet may include the following:
  • the first data packet is padded based on the first filling rule to obtain a second data packet.
  • the generating module 402 determines a third data packet sent to the second receiving end, so that the first data packet and the third data packet are spliced to obtain the second data. package.
  • the transmitting end is a network device and the receiving end is a user terminal
  • the third data packet and the first data packet may be separately generated based on the second filling rule. Data padding is performed, and the padded third data packet and the filled first data packet are spliced to obtain a second data packet.
  • the generating module 402 determines a third data packet sent to the second receiving end, and splicing the first data packet and the third data, based on the second padding.
  • the rule fills the data of the spliced data packet to obtain a second data packet.
  • the sending module 404 may specifically send the encoded second data packet to the first receiving end and the second receiving end.
  • the determining module 401 is further configured to determine a length of the first data packet, and if the length of the first data packet is less than a preset length threshold, the trigger generation module 402 performs the first data packet based The operation of generating the second packet.
  • the sending module 404 is further configured to send related information of the second data packet, where the related information is used to indicate the first data packet of the first receiving end.
  • the related information may also be used to indicate the third data packet of the second receiving end.
  • the short-length data packet can be spliced or filled into a long data packet, and the channel is encoded and sent to the receiving end.
  • a higher channel coding gain can be obtained in the URLLC data transmission, which avoids a higher error rate of short packet transmission and improves the reliability of data transmission.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a receiving end according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the receiving end described in FIG. 5 can be applied to a network device, and can also be applied to a user terminal.
  • the receiving end may include the following modules:
  • the receiving module 501 is configured to receive a second data packet sent by the sending end.
  • the decoding module 502 is configured to decode the second data packet.
  • the obtaining module 503 is configured to obtain the first data packet of the receiving end from the decoded second data packet.
  • the receiving module 501 is further configured to receive related information of the second data packet sent by the sending end, where the related information is used to indicate the first data packet of the receiving end.
  • the specific manner in which the obtaining module 503 obtains the first data packet of the receiving end from the decoded second data packet may be:
  • the second data packet may be obtained by data padding of the first data packet by data padding and/or data packets of other receiving ends. Then the related information can also indicate the data packets of other receiving ends.
  • the receiving end after receiving the second data packet obtained by the transmitting end based on data filling or multi-receiving data splicing, the receiving end can obtain the second data packet after decoding. Your own data package.
  • the method of encoding and transmitting the long packet can avoid the high error rate of the short packet transmission, thereby reducing the bit error rate and improving the reliability of data transmission.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a network device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the network device described in FIG. 6 may be the transmitting end of FIG. 4 or the receiving end shown in FIG. 5.
  • the network device may include: a transceiver 601, a processor 602, and a memory 603, where:
  • the processor 602 may include, for example, a central processing unit (CPU) or an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), and may include one or more integrated circuits for controlling program execution, and may include using a field programmable gate array ( Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) developed hardware circuits that can include baseband chips.
  • CPU central processing unit
  • ASIC application specific integrated circuit
  • FPGA Field Programmable Gate Array
  • the number of memories 603 may be one or more.
  • the memory 603 may include a Read Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), and a disk storage, and the like.
  • the memory 603 can be used to store instructions required by the processor 602 to perform tasks, and can also be used to store data.
  • the transceiver 601 can belong to a radio frequency system for performing network communication with an external device, for example, can communicate with an external device through a network such as an Ethernet, a radio access network, or a wireless local area network.
  • the transceiver 601, the memory 603, and the processor 602 are connected to each other.
  • the code corresponding to the method shown above is solidified into the chip, thereby enabling the chip to perform the method shown in the previous embodiment while it is running.
  • How to design and program the processor 602 is a technique well known to those skilled in the art, and details are not described herein.
  • the network device may be used to perform the method shown in FIG. 1 above, and may be a transmitting end or a receiving end. Therefore, for the functions and the like implemented by the units in the network device, reference may be made to the description of the previous method part, and details are not described herein.
  • the device may be the processor 602 in FIG. 6, and the physical device corresponding to the sending module 404 in the transmitting end and the receiving module 501 in the receiving end described in FIG. 5 may be the transceiver 601 in FIG.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a user terminal according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the user terminal described in FIG. 7 may be the transmitting end of FIG. 4 or the receiving end shown in FIG. 5.
  • the user terminal may include: at least one input device 701; at least one output device 702; at least one processor 701; and a memory 704, the input device 701, the output device 702, the processor 703, and the memory 704 They are connected to each other through a bus 705.
  • the output device 702 may be, for example, a screen/interface for output, such as a display, a touch screen
  • the input device 701 may be, for example, a keyboard for input, a mouse, a camera for capturing an image.
  • the earpiece for playing the sound signal and the speaker, the touch screen for detecting the touch operation, etc. can be integrated design, and the keyboard can be a physical keyboard. It can also be a touch screen virtual keyboard, or a keyboard that combines physical and touch screen virtual.
  • the output device 702 and the input device 701 may also be a transceiver for performing network communication with an external device, for example, may communicate with an external device through a network such as an Ethernet, a wireless access network, or a wireless local area network.
  • Processor 703 may, for example, comprise a CPU or ASIC, may include one or more integrated circuits for controlling program execution, may include hardware circuits developed using an FPGA, and may include a baseband chip.
  • the number of memories 704 can be one or more.
  • Memory 704 can include ROM, RAM, and disk storage, and the like.
  • the memory 704 can be used to store instructions required by the processor 703 to perform tasks, and can also be used to store data.
  • the code corresponding to the method shown above is solidified into the chip, thereby enabling the chip to perform the method shown in the previous embodiment while it is running. How to design and program the processor 703 is a technique well known to those skilled in the art, and details are not described herein again.
  • the user terminal can be used to perform the method shown in FIG. 1 above, and may be a sending end or a receiving end. Therefore, for the functions and the like implemented by the units in the user terminal, reference may be made to the description of the previous method section, and details are not described herein.
  • the device may be the processor 703 in FIG. 7.
  • the physical device corresponding to the sending module 404 in the sending end of FIG. 4 may be the output device 702 in FIG. 7, and the corresponding entity in the receiving end of the receiving module 501 in FIG.
  • the device may be the input device 701 in FIG.
  • modules in the transmitting end and the receiving end may be combined, divided, and deleted according to actual needs.
  • the transmitting end and the receiving end in the embodiment of the present invention may be implemented by a general-purpose integrated circuit, such as a CPU (Central Processing Unit), or an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit).
  • a general-purpose integrated circuit such as a CPU (Central Processing Unit), or an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit).
  • the storage medium may be a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a read-only memory (ROM), or a random access memory (RAM).

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Abstract

本发明实施例公开了一种数据传输方法及相关设备。其中，该方法包括：发送端在确定向接收端发送的第一数据包后，可以基于第一数据包生成第二数据包，从而对第二数据包进行编码，并发送编码后的第二数据包，其中，第二数据包的长度大于第一数据包的长度。通过本发明实施例，发送端在向接收端发送数据包时，可以将长度较短的数据包合成长度较长的数据包，经信道编码后发送给接收端，这样可以在数据传输时得到较高的信道编码增益，避免短包传输的较高误码率，从而能够提高数据传输的可靠性。

Description

一种数据传输方法及相关设备
本申请要求于2017年03月15日提交中国专利局、申请号为201710152691.0、申请名称为“一种数据传输方法及相关设备”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及通信技术领域，具体涉及一种数据传输方法及相关设备。
背景技术
在第五代(5th Generation，5G)通信系统以及后续更多可能的通信系统中定义了三大类场景，分别为增强移动宽带(enhanced Mobile Broadband，eMBB)、超可靠低延时通信(Ultra Reliable Low Latency Communications，URLLC)和大规模物联网通信(massive Machine Type Communications，mMTC)。其中，eMBB业务主要包含超高清视频、增强现实(Augmented Reality，AR)、虚拟现实(Virtual Reality，VR)等等，主要特点是传输数据量大、传输速率高；URLLC业务主要是用于物联网中的等，主要特点是高可靠性、低延时以及具有突发性；mMTC业务主要用于物联网中的智能电网、智慧城市等，主要特点是海量设备连接、传输数据量小、容忍较长时间的延时。
现有技术中，信道编码的编码增益随着码长的增加而增加，而在某些URLLC应用场景中，传输的数据包长度一般较短，例如在工业控制、无人驾驶等场景下，数据包的长度往往小于100bit，如果采用现有的编码方式很难得到较高的编码增益。因此，如何在URLLC场景下得到较高的编码增益以保障URLLC业务的高可靠性已成为亟待解决的问题。
发明内容
本发明实施例公开了一种数据传输方法及相关设备，可以在URLLC场景下得到较高的信道编码增益，提高数据传输可靠性。
本发明实施例第一方面公开了一种数据传输方法，该方法可以包括：
发送端在确定向接收端发送的第一数据包后，可以基于第一数据包生成第二数据包，从而对第二数据包进行编码，并发送编码后的第二数据包，其中，第二数据包的长度大于第一数据包的长度。
其中，发送端可以为网络设备，也可以为用户终端；相应的，接收端可以为用户终端，也可以为网络设备。发送端在向接收端发送数据包时，可以将长度较短的数据包合成长度较长的数据包，经信道编码后发送给接收端，这样可以在数据传输时得到较高的信道编码增益，避免短包传输的较高误码率，从而能够提高数据传输的可靠性。
可选的，发送端基于第一数据包生成第二数据包的方式可以包括以下几种：
方式一、
发送端基于第一填充规则对第一数据包进行数据填充，得到第二数据包。
其中，第一填充规则可以是在第一数据包后全部填充“0”和/或“1”数据，使得填充后的数据包能够达到指定长度；也可以将第一数据包进行重复，使得数据包达到指定长度。方 式一可应用于数据上下行传输。采用数据填充或者单用户重复机制，在编码前将短包拼接成长包，可以避免在URLLC场景中传输短包时误码率高或者误块率高的问题，从而能够安静的传输误码率，满足URLLC类型业务的高可靠性的需求。
方式二、
发送端确定向第二接收端发送的第三数据包，从而将第一数据包和第三数据包进行拼接，得到第二数据包。
方式三、
发送端确定向第二接收端发送的第三数据包后，可以基于第二填充规则分别对第三数据包和第一数据包进行数据填充，并将填充后的第三数据包和填充后的第一数据包进行拼接，得到第二数据包。
方式四、
发送端确定向第二接收端发送的第三数据包，并将第一数据包和第三数据进行拼接后，基于第二填充规则对拼接后的数据包进行数据填充，得到第二数据包。
方式二至方式四可应用于数据下行传输，第二接收端可以止与第一接收端不同的一个或多个接收端。采用多用户联合传输的机制，在编码前将短包拼接成长包，可以避免在URLLC场景中传输短包时误码率高或者误块率高的问题，从而能够安静的传输误码率，满足URLLC类型业务的高可靠性的需求。
可选的，发送端在获取第一数据包之后，首先可以确定第一数据包的长度，如果该长度小于预设长度阈值，再基于第一数据包生成长度比第一数据包长的第二数据包。
可选的，发送端可以向接收端发送第二数据包的相关信息，该相关信息用于指示接收端的第一数据包。
可以理解的是，如果第二数据包由第一接收端的第一数据包和第二接收端的第三数据包拼接得到，那么该相关信息可以分别指示第一数据包和第三数据包在第二数据包中的位置；也可以分别指示第一数据包和第三数据包的起始数据、长度等信息；还可以分别指示第一接收端和第二接收端的标识。
其中，该相关信息可以携带于第二数据包中；也可以在系统中广播该相关信息；还可以将该相关信息分别发送给各个接收端；还可以将各个接收端各自数据包的位置、起始数据、长度、接收端标识发送给对应的接收端。
进一步的，如果第二数据包由第一数据包进行数据填充得到，那么该相关信息可以用于指示第一数据包在第二数据包中的位置、起始数据、长度等信息，也可以用于指示第一数据包所对应接收端的标识，等等。
本发明实施例第二方面公开了一种数据传输方法，该方法可以包括：
接收端在接收到发送端发送的第二数据包后，可以对第二数据包进行译码，从而从译码后的第二数据包中获取接收端的第一数据包。
其中，第二数据包是由第一数据包经数据填充或多接收端数据拼接等方式得到。发送端可以为网络设备，也可以为用户终端；相应的，接收端可以为用户终端，也可以为网络设备。发送端在向接收端发送数据包时，可以将长度较短的数据包合成长度较长的数据包，经信道编码后发送给接收端，这样可以在数据传输时得到较高的信道编码增益，避免短包 传输的较高误码率，从而能够降低误码率，提高数据传输的可靠性。
可选的，接收端还可以接收发送端发送的第二数据包的相关信息，其中，该相关信息用于指示接收端的第一数据包。那么接收端从译码后的第二数据包中获取接收端的第一数据包的具体方式可以为：
基于该相关信息，从译码后的第二数据包中获取该相关信息所指示的第一数据包。
其中，第二数据包可以是第一数据包经数据填充和/或与其他接收端的数据包进行数据拼接得到的。那么该相关信息还可以指示其他接收端的数据包。
本发明实施例第三方面公开了一种发送端，可以为网络设备，也可以为用户终端。具体的，发送端可以包括确定模块、生成模块、编码模块和发送模块，用于执行第一方面所描述的数据传输方法。在向接收端发送数据包时，通过将长度较短的数据包合成长度较长的数据包，经信道编码后发送给接收端，可以在数据传输时得到较高的信道编码增益，避免短包传输的较高误码率，从而能够降低误码率，提高数据传输的可靠性。
本发明实施例第四方面公开了一种接收端，可以为网络设备，也可以为用户终端。具体的，接收端可以包括接收模块、译码模块和获取模块，用于执行第二方面所描述的数据传输方法。发送端在向接收端发送数据包时，通过将长度较短的数据包合成长度较长的数据包，经信道编码后发送给接收端，可以在数据传输时得到较高的信道编码增益，避免短包传输的较高误码率，从而能够降低误码率，提高数据传输的可靠性。
本发明实施例第五方面公开了一种网络设备，可以包括收发器、处理器和存储器，其中：处理器、收发器和存储器之间相互连接；收发器受处理器的控制用于收发消息；存储器用于存储一组程序代码，处理器用于调用存储器中存储的程序代码执行上述第一方面或者第二方面公开的数据传输方法。
本发明实施例第六方面公开了一种用户终端，可以包括输入设备、输出设备、处理器和存储器，其中：输入设备、输出设备、处理器和存储器之间可以通过总线连接；输入设备和输出设备受处理器的控制用于收发消息；存储器用于存储一组程序代码，处理器用于调用存储器中存储的程序代码执行上述第一方面或者第二方面公开的数据传输方法。
实施本发明实施例，具有如下有益效果：
本发明实施例中，发送端在向接收端发送数据包时，可以将长度较短的数据包合成较长的数据包，经信道编码后发送给接收端，这样可以在URLLC数据传输时得到较高的信道编码增益，提高数据传输的可靠性。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例中的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是本发明实施例公开的一种网络架构示意图；
图2是本发明实施例公开的一种数据传输方法的流程示意图；
图3a是本发明实施例公开的一种第二数据包的结构示意图；
图3b是本发明实施例公开的另一种第二数据包的结构示意图；
图3c是本发明实施例公开的又一种第二数据包的结构示意图；
图3d是本发明实施例公开的又一种第二数据包的结构示意图；
图3e是本发明实施例公开的又一种第二数据包的结构示意图；
图4是本发明实施例公开的一种发送端的结构示意图；
图5是本发明实施例公开的一种接收端的结构示意图；
图6是本发明实施例公开的一种网络设备的结构示意图；
图7是本发明实施例公开的一种用户终端的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图，对本发明的实施例进行描述。
本发明实施例公开了一种数据传输方法及相关设备。可以在URLLC场景下得到较高的信道编码增益，提高数据传输可靠性。
为了更好的理解本发明实施例公开的一种数据传输方法及相关设备，下面先对本发明实施例适用的网络架构进行描述。请参阅图1，图1是本发明实施例公开的一种网络架构示意图。在图1所示的架构中，可以包括网络设备和至少一个用户终端。其中，网络设备可以包括但不限于基站、无线网络控制器、基站控制器等，用户终端可以包括但不限于移动手机、平板电脑、个人数字助理(Personal Digital Assistant，PDA)、移动互联网设备(Mobile Internet Device，MID)、车载终端、无人机等。通过实施图1所示的网络架构，网络设备在向用户终端发送下行数据之前，需要对待发送数据包进行信道编码，从而传输给用户终端，用户终端通过对数据包括译码获得数据。同样的，用户终端在向网络设备发送上行数据之前，也会将待发送数据包进行信道编码，从而传输给网络设备，网络设备通过对数据包译码获得数据。其中，传输的数据包可以是控制信息，也可以是数据信息，还可以是控制信息与数据信息的混合，本发明实施例不做限定。通过图1所示的网络架构，网络设备和用户终端之间从而可以实现数据上下行传输。
基于图1所示的网络架构，本发明实施例公开了一种数据传输方法。请参阅图2，图2是本发明实施例公开的一种数据传输方法的流程示意图。其中，图2所描述的方法可以应用于网络设备，也可以应用于用户终端，如图2所示，该方法可以包括以下步骤：
201、发送端确定向接收端发送的第一数据包。
其中，发送端可以是网络设备，也可以是用户终端；相应的，接收端可以是用户终端，也可以是网络设备。也即是说，本方案所提及的数据传输可以用于上行数据传输，也可以用于下行数据传输，本发明实施例不做限定。
本发明实施例中，在发送端为网络设备，接收端为用户终端的情况下，网络设备在确定向用户终端发送的第一数据包之前，用户终端会向网络设备发送数据请求，网络设备基于数据请求确定待发送的数据包。在发送端为用户终端，接收端为网络设备的情况下，用户终端在确定向网络设备发送第一数据包之前，可以向网络设备获取数据上行传输的授权，在授权通过的情况下确定待发送的数据包；也可以采用其他方式，如单独发送信息给网络 设备，以指示采用的数据传输方式，如，将短包数据生成长包数据。
在一些可行的实施方式中，发送端在获取第一数据包之后，首先可以确定第一数据包的长度，如果该长度小于预设长度阈值，再基于第一数据包生成长度比第一数据包长的第二数据包。
其中，预设长度阈值为发送端预先设定的长度阈值，在URLLC场景中，可以为50bit，也可以为60bit，还可以为100bit，本发明实施例不做限定。例如，基站基于用户终端的请求需要向用户终端发送60bit的数据，如果预设长度阈值为50bit，那么基站可以直接对该数据进行信道编码后传输给用户终端，如果预设长度阈值为100bit，那么基站需要对该数据进行数据填充，或者将该数据重复2次，或者将其他用户终端的数据与该用户终端的数据(假设长度也为60bit)进行拼接，从而得到120bit的数据包，然后再经过信道编码后传输给该用户终端。在窄带物联网(Narrow-band Internet of Things，NB-IoT)场景中，如果用户终端需要向基站发送1bit的数据，用户终端可以对该数据进行数据填充，或者将该数据重复20次，进行拼接，从而得到20bit的数据包，然后再经过信道编码后传输给基站。
202、发送端基于第一数据包生成第二数据包，并对第二数据包进行编码。
本发明实施例中，发送端在确定待发送的第一数据包后，可以将第一数据包生成第二数据包，其中，生成的第二数据包的长度大于第一数据包的长度。
在一些可行的实施方式中，发送端基于第一数据包生成第二数据包的方式可以包括以下几种：
方式一、
发送端基于第一填充规则对第一数据包进行数据填充，得到第二数据包。
方式二、
在发送端为网络设备，接收端为用户终端的情况下，第一数据包为第一接收端的数据包，发送端确定向第二接收端发送的第三数据包，从而将第一数据包和第三数据包进行拼接，得到第二数据包。
方式三、
在发送端为网络设备，接收端为用户终端的情况下，第一数据包为第一接收端的数据包，发送端确定向第二接收端发送的第三数据包后，可以基于第二填充规则分别对第三数据包和第一数据包进行数据填充，并将填充后的第三数据包和填充后的第一数据包进行拼接，得到第二数据包。
方式四、
在发送端为网络设备，接收端为用户终端的情况下，第一数据包为第一接收端的数据包，发送端确定向第二接收端发送的第三数据包，并将第一数据包和第三数据进行拼接后，基于第二填充规则对拼接后的数据包进行数据填充，得到第二数据包。
对于方式一来说，发送端可以是网络设备，也可以是用户终端。第一填充规则可以是在第一数据包后全部填充“0”和/或“1”数据，使得填充后的数据包能够达到指定长度，例如图3a所示，在图3a中，发送端将全“0”数据填充至第一数据包后，得到第二数据包；也可以将第一数据包进行重复，使得数据包达到指定长度，例如图3b所示，在图3b中，发送端将待发送的数据包重复，生成一个更长的数据包，可以重复一次，也可以重复多次，在 不同场景中以及针对不同长度的数据包来说，重复次数可能不同，本发明实施例不做限定。例如在URLLC场景中，基站可以将发给用户终端的60bit的信息重复两次，生成120bit的信息；还可以是将“0”或“1”数据填充至第一数据包中，本发明实施例不做限定。同样的，用户终端在向基站发送数据之前，可以将自己的数据重复多次，将短数据包拼接成长数据包。
对于方式二至方式四来说，发送端为网络设备，第一接收端和第二接收为用户终端，即，第一接收端为第一用户终端，第二接收端为第二用户终端。第二用户终端可以是指与第一用户终端不同的一个用户终端，也可以是指与第一用户终端不同多个用户终端。具体的，第二用户终端可以是指网络设备将要向其发送数据包的用户终端，可以与第一用户终端在同一小区，也可以在不同小区，还可以与第一用户终端在特定距离范围内，比如1千米范围内，每个第二用户终端的第三数据包可以相同，也可以不同，本发明实施例不做限定。
对于方式二来说，第二数据包可以由第一数据包和多个第三数据包拼接得到，如图3c所示，图3c所示的只是一种示意性拼接方式，第一数据包可以位于第二数据包的任意位置。当然，第二数据包也可以由第一数据包和一个第三数据包拼接得到，也可以由多个第一数据包和至少一个第三数据包得到，本发明实施例不做限定。
对于方式三来说，结合方式一和方式二，发送端基于第二填充规则对第一数据包和第二数据包分别进行数据填充，然后再将填充后的第一数据包和填充后的第三数据包进行拼接，得到第二数据包，如图3d所示。可以理解的是，第二填充规则可以和第一填充规则一样。发送端基于第二填充规则对第一数据包和第三数据包分别进行数据填充，可以使第一数据包和第三数据包填充后的长度相同，且达到指定长度，例如，第一数据包长度为30bit，第三数据包长度为40bit，第二填充规则可以是将数据包填充后使其长度达到50bit，那么则需要对第一数据包填充20bit的数据，对第三数据包填充10bit的数据；也可以对数据包填充指定长度的数据，例如，分别对第一数据包和第三数据包填充10bit的数据，那么填充后的第一数据包的长度为40bit，填充后的第三数据包的长度为50bit，本发明实施例不做限定。
对于方式四来说，结合方式一和方式二，发送端将第一数据包和第三数据包拼接后，基于第二填充规则对拼接后的数据包进行数据填充，从而得到第二数据包，如图3e所示。可以理解的是，第二填充规则可以和第一填充规则一样。
本发明实施例中，方式一采用数据填充或者单用户重复机制，方式二至方式四采用了多用户联合传输的机制，将短数据包拼接成长数据包，可以避免在URLLC场景中传输短包时误码率高或者误块率高的问题，从而能够满足URLLC类型业务的高可靠性的需求。
因此，发送端基于第一数据包生成长度大于第一数据包的第二数据包后，从而将其进行信道编码，例如，采用极化码(polar code)编码技术或者低密度奇偶校验码(Low Density Parity Check Code，LDPC)编码技术进行编码，得到编码后的数据包。
203、发送端将编码后的第二数据包发送给接收端。
可以理解的是，相同码率下，传输短包性能不如长包，例如，传输短包误码率较高。因此，发送端将待发送的短包数据拼接或者填充成长包数据，然后再进行信道编码传输，这样可以获得较好的传输性能，降低传输误码率。
本发明实施例中，在第二数据包为多个用户终端的数据包级联的情况下，网络设备会将第二数据包发送给所有的用户终端。例如，在第二数据包由第一用户终端的数据包和第二用户终端的数据包拼接的情况下，基站可以将第二数据包分别发送给第一用户终端和第二用户终端。
204、接收端接收编码后的第二数据包，并对第二数据包进行译码。
205、接收端从译码后的数据包中获取第一数据包。
本发明实施例中，接收端在接收到数据包后，可以对数据包进行译码，然后从译码后的数据包中获取自己的数据包。
在一些可行的实施方式中，发送端可以向接收端发送第二数据包的相关信息，该相关信息用于指示接收端的第一数据包。
可以理解的是，如果第二数据包由第一接收端的第一数据包和第二接收端的第三数据包拼接得到，那么该相关信息可以分别指示第一数据包和第三数据包在第二数据包中的位置；也可以分别指示第一数据包和第三数据包的起始数据、长度等信息；还可以分别指示第一接收端和第二接收端的标识(如身份标识ID，媒体访问控制(Media Access Control，MAC)地址等)，本发明实施例不做限定。那么接收端在接收到第二数据包并进行译码后，就可以基于接收端的标识或者获得属于自己的数据。其中，该相关信息可以携带于第二数据包中；也可以在系统中广播该相关信息；还可以将该相关信息分别发送给各个接收端；还可以将各个接收端各自数据包的位置、起始数据、长度、接收端标识发送给对应的接收端，本发明实施例不做限定。
进一步的，如果第二数据包由第一数据包进行数据填充得到，那么该相关信息可以用于指示第一数据包在第二数据包中的位置、起始数据、长度等信息，也可以用于指示第一数据包所对应接收端的标识，等等，本发明实施例不做限定。
可选的，发送端还可以预先告知接收端第一数据包的位置，或者第一数据包的标识信息，接收端在接收到编码的第二数据包后，基于位置直接对指示的数据包进行译码，或者基于标识信息对编码的第二数据包进行检测，检测到第一数据包后直接对第一数据包进行译码，这种方式可以避免对冗余数据进行译码，提高数据获取效率。
可见，在图2所描述的方法中，发送端在向接收端发送数据包时，可以将长度较短的数据包拼接或者填充成较长的数据包，经信道编码后发送给接收端，这样可以在URLLC数据传输时得到较高的信道编码增益，避免短包传输的较高误码率，提高数据传输的可靠性。
基于图1所示的网络架构，本发明实施例公开了一种发送端。请参阅图4，图4是本发明实施例公开的一种发送端的结构示意图。其中，图4所描述的发送端可以应用于网络设备，也可以应用于用户终端。如图4所示，该发送端可以包括以下模块：
确定模块401，用于确定向第一接收端发送的第一数据包。
生成模块402，用于基于第一数据包生成第二数据包，其中，第二数据包的长度大于第一数据包的长度。
编码模块403，用于对第二数据包进行编码。
发送模块404，用于发送编码后的第二数据包。
在一些可行的实施方式中，生成模块402基于第一数据包生成第二数据包的具体方式可以包括以下几种：
方式一、
基于第一填充规则对第一数据包进行数据填充，得到第二数据包。
方式二、
在发送端为网络设备，接收端为用户终端的情况下，生成模块402确定向第二接收端发送的第三数据包，从而将第一数据包和第三数据包进行拼接，得到第二数据包。
方式三、
在发送端为网络设备，接收端为用户终端的情况下，生成模块402确定向第二接收端发送的第三数据包后，可以基于第二填充规则分别对第三数据包和第一数据包进行数据填充，并将填充后的第三数据包和填充后的第一数据包进行拼接，得到第二数据包。
方式四、
在发送端为网络设备，接收端为用户终端的情况下，生成模块402确定向第二接收端发送的第三数据包，并将第一数据包和第三数据进行拼接后，基于第二填充规则对拼接后的数据包进行数据填充，得到第二数据包。
对于方式二至方式四来说，发送模块404具体可以将编码后的第二数据包发送给第一接收端和第二接收端。
在一些可行的实施方式中，确定模块401，还用于确定第一数据包的长度，并在第一数据包的长度小于预设长度阈值的情况下，触发生成模块402执行基于第一数据包生成第二数据包的操作。
在一些可行的实施方式中，发送模块404，还用于发送第二数据包的相关信息，其中，该相关信息用于指示第一接收端的第一数据包。
进一步的，如果第二数据包由第一数据包和第三数据包拼接得到，那么该相关信息还可以用于指示第二接收端的第三数据包。
可见，在图4所描述的发送端中，发送端在向接收端发送数据包时，可以将长度较短的数据包拼接或者填充成较长的数据包，经信道编码后发送给接收端，这样可以在URLLC数据传输时得到较高的信道编码增益，避免短包传输的较高误码率，提高数据传输的可靠性。
基于图1所示的网络架构，本发明实施例公开了一种接收端。请参阅图5，图5是本发明实施例公开的一种接收端的结构示意图。其中，图5所描述的接收端可以应用于网络设备，也可以应用于用户终端。如图5所示，该接收端可以包括以下模块：
接收模块501，用于接收发送端发送的第二数据包。
译码模块502，用于对第二数据包进行译码。
获取模块503，用于从译码后的第二数据包中获取接收端的第一数据包。
具体的，接收模块501，还用于接收发送端发送的第二数据包的相关信息，该相关信息用于指示接收端的第一数据包。
那么获取模块503从译码后的第二数据包中获取接收端的第一数据包的具体方式可以为：
基于该相关信息，从译码后的第二数据包中获取该相关信息所指示的第一数据包。
其中，第二数据包可以是第一数据包经数据填充和/或与其他接收端的数据包进行数据拼接得到的。那么该相关信息还可以指示其他接收端的数据包。
可见，在图5所描述的接收端中，接收端在接收到发送端基于数据填充或多接收端数据拼接等方式得到的第二数据包后，可以从译码后的第二数据包中获得自己的数据包。这种将长包进行编码后传输的方式，可以避免短包传输的较高误码率，从而能够降低误码率，提高数据传输的可靠性。
基于图1所示的网络架构，本发明实施例公开了一种网络设备。请参阅图6，图6是本发明实施例公开的一种网络设备的结构示意图。其中，图6所描述的网络设备可以为图4所是的发送端，也可以为图5所示的接收端。如图6所示，该网络设备可以包括：收发器601、处理器602以及存储器603，其中：
处理器602例如可以包括中央处理器(CPU)或特定应用集成电路(Application Specific Integrated Circuit，ASIC)，可以包括一个或多个用于控制程序执行的集成电路，可以包括使用现场可编程门阵列(Field Programmable Gate Array，FPGA)开发的硬件电路，可以包括基带芯片。
存储器603的数量可以是一个或多个。存储器603可以包括只读存储器(Read Only Memory，ROM)、随机存取存储器(Random Access Memory，RAM)和磁盘存储器，等等。存储器603可以用于存储处理器602执行任务所需的指令，还可以用于存储数据。
收发器601可以属于射频系统，用于与外部设备进行网络通信，例如可以通过以太网、无线接入网、无线局域网等网络与外部设备进行通信。
收发器601、存储器603和处理器602之间相互连接。
通过对处理器602进行设计编程，将前述所示的方法所对应的代码固化到芯片内，从而使芯片在运行时能够执行前述实施例中的所示的方法。如何对处理器602进行设计编程为本领域技术人员所公知的技术，这里不再赘述。
该网络设备可以用于执行上述图1所示的方法，可以是发送端，也可以是接收端。因此，对于该网络设备中的各单元所实现的功能等，可参考如前方法部分的描述，不多赘述。
可以理解的是，在实际应用中，图4所描述的发送端中确定模块401、生成模块402和编码模块403，以及图5所描述的接收端中译码模块502和获取模块503对应的实体设备可以是图6中的处理器602，图4所描述的发送端中发送模块404以及图5所描述的接收端中接收模块501对应的实体设备可以是图6中的收发器601。
基于图1所示的网络架构，本发明实施例公开了一种用户终端。请参阅图7，图7是本发明实施例公开的一种用户终端的结构示意图。其中，图7所描述的用户终端可以为图4所是的发送端，也可以为图5所示的接收端。如图7所示，该用户终端可以包括：至少一个输入设备701；至少一个输出设备702；至少一个处理器701；和存储器704，上述输入设备701、输出设备702、处理器703和存储器704之间通过总线705相互连接。
其中，输出设备702例如可以是用于输出的屏幕/界面，如显示屏(Display)、触控屏，输入设备701例如可以是用于输入的键盘(Keyboard)、鼠标、用于捕获图像的摄像头、用于播放声音信号的听筒以及扬声器、用于检测触摸操作的触控屏等等，需要说明的是，此处的显示屏和触控屏可以为一体化设计，键盘既可以为实体键盘，也可以为触屏虚拟键盘，还可以为实体与触屏虚拟相结合的键盘。其中，输出设备702和输入设备701也可以是收发器，用于与外部设备进行网络通信，例如可以通过以太网、无线接入网、无线局域网等网络与外部设备进行通信。
处理器703例如可以包括CPU或ASIC，可以包括一个或多个用于控制程序执行的集成电路，可以包括使用FPGA开发的硬件电路，可以包括基带芯片。
存储器704的数量可以是一个或多个。存储器704可以包括ROM、RAM和磁盘存储器，等等。存储器704可以用于存储处理器703执行任务所需的指令，还可以用于存储数据。
通过对处理器703进行设计编程，将前述所示的方法所对应的代码固化到芯片内，从而使芯片在运行时能够执行前述实施例中的所示的方法。如何对处理器703进行设计编程为本领域技术人员所公知的技术，这里不再赘述。
该用户终端可以用于执行上述图1所示的方法，可以是发送端，也可以是接收端。因此，对于该用户终端中的各单元所实现的功能等，可参考如前方法部分的描述，不多赘述。
可以理解的是，在实际应用中，图4所描述的发送端中确定模块401、生成模块402和编码模块403，以及图5所描述的接收端中译码模块502和获取模块503对应的实体设备可以是图7中的处理器703，图4所描述的发送端中发送模块404对应的实体设备可以是图7中的输出设备702，图5所描述的接收端中接收模块501对应的实体设备可以是图7中的输入设备701。
需要说明的是，在上述实施例中，对各个实施例的描述都各有侧重，某个实施例中没有详细描述的部分，可以参见其他实施例的相关描述。其次，本领域技术人员也应该知悉，说明书中所描述的实施例均属于优选实施例，所涉及的动作和模块并不一定是本发明所必须的。
本发明实施例方法中的步骤可以根据实际需要进行顺序调整、合并和删减。
本发明实施例发送端和接收端中的模块可以根据实际需要进行合并、划分和删减。
本发明实施例中所述发送端和接收端，可以通过通用集成电路，例如CPU(Central Processing Unit，中央处理器)，或通过ASIC(Application Specific Integrated Circuit，专用集成电路)来实现。
本领域普通技术人员可以理解实现上述实施例方法中的全部或部分流程，是可以通过计算机程序来指令相关的硬件来完成，所述的程序可存储于计算机可读取存储介质中，该程序在执行时，可包括如上述各方法的实施例的流程。其中，所述的存储介质可为磁碟、光盘、只读存储记忆体(Read-Only Memory，ROM)或随机存储记忆体(Random Access Memory，RAM)等。
以上对本发明实施例公开的一种数据传输方法及相关设备进行了详细介绍，本文中应用了具体实例对本发明的原理及实施方式进行了阐述，以上实施例的说明只是用于帮助理 解本发明及其核心思想；同时，对于本领域的一般技术人员，依据本发明的思想，在具体实施方式及应用范围上均会有改变之处，综上所述，本说明书内容不应理解为对本发明的限制。

Claims (18)

  1. 一种数据传输方法，其特征在于，包括：
    发送端确定向第一接收端发送的第一数据包；
    所述发送端基于所述第一数据包生成第二数据包，其中，所述第二数据包的长度大于所述第一数据包的长度；
    所述发送端对所述第二数据包进行编码，并发送编码后的所述第二数据包。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述发送端基于所述第一数据包生成第二数据包，包括：
    所述发送端确定向第二接收端发送的第三数据包；
    所述发送端将所述第一数据包与所述第三数据包拼接，得到所述第二数据包。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述发送端基于所述第一数据包生成第二数据包，包括：
    所述发送端基于第一填充规则对所述第一数据包进行数据填充，得到所述第二数据包。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述发送端确定向第二接收端发送的第三数据包之后，所述方法还包括：
    所述发送端基于第二填充规则分别对所述第三数据包以及所述第一数据包进行数据填充；
    所述发送端将所述第一数据包与所述第三数据包拼接，得到第二数据包，包括：
    所述发送端将填充后的所述第三数据包与填充后的所述第一数据包拼接，得到所述第二数据包。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述发送端将所述第一数据包与所述第三数据包拼接，得到第二数据包，包括：
    所述发送端将所述第一数据包与所述第三数据包拼接，并基于第二填充规则对拼接后的数据包进行数据填充，得到所述第二数据包。
  6. 根据权利要求1～5任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述发送端获取所述第一接收端的第一数据包之后，所述方法还包括：
    所述发送端确定所述第一数据包的长度，并在所述第一数据包的长度小于预设长度阈值的情况下，执行所述基于所述第一数据包生成第二数据包的操作。
  7. 根据权利要求1～5任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述发送端发送所述第二数据包的相关信息，所述相关信息用于指示所述第一接收端的所述第一数据包。
  8. 一种数据传输方法，其特征在于，包括：
    接收端接收发送端发送的第二数据包；
    所述接收端对所述第二数据包进行译码；
    所述接收端从译码后的所述第二数据包中获取所述接收端的第一数据包。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述接收端接收所述发送端发送的所述第二数据包的相关信息，所述相关信息用于指示所述接收端的第一数据包；
    所述接收端从译码后的所述第二数据包中获取所述接收端的第一数据包，包括：
    所述接收端基于所述相关信息，从译码后的所述第二数据包中获取所述相关信息所指示的第一数据包。
  10. 一种发送端，其特征在于，包括：
    确定模块，用于确定向第一接收端发送的第一数据包；
    生成模块，用于基于所述第一数据包生成第二数据包，其中，所述第二数据包的长度大于所述第一数据包的长度；
    编码模块，用于对所述第二数据包进行编码；
    发送模块，用于发送编码后的所述第二数据包。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的发送端，其特征在于，所述生成模块基于所述第一数据包生成第二数据包的具体方式为：
    确定向第二接收端发送的第三数据包；
    将所述第一数据包和所述第三数据包拼接，得到所述第二数据包。
  12. 根据权利要求10所述的发送端，其特征在于，所述生成模块基于所述第一数据包生成第二数据包的具体方式为：
    基于第一填充规则对所述第一数据包进行数据填充，得到所述第二数据包。
  13. 根据权利要求11所述的发送端，其特征在于，
    所述生成模块，还用于基于第二填充规则分别对所述第三数据包以及所述第一数据包进行数据填充；
    所述生成模块将所述第一数据包和所述第三数据包拼接，得到第二数据包的具体方式为：
    将填充后的所述第三数据包与填充后的所述第一数据包拼接，得到所述第二数据包。
  14. 根据权利要求11所述的发送端，其特征在于，所述生成模块将所述第一数据包和所述第三数据包拼接，得到第二数据包的具体方式为：
    将所述第一数据包与所述第三数据包拼接，并基于第二填充规则对拼接后的数据包进行数据填充，得到所述第二数据包。
  15. 根据权利要求10～14任一项所述的发送端，其特征在于，
    所述确定模块，还用于确定所述第一数据包的长度，并在所述第一数据包的长度小于预设长度阈值的情况下，触发所述生成模块执行所述基于所述第一数据包生成第二数据包的操作。
  16. 根据权利要求10～14任一项所述的发送端，其特征在于，
    所述发送模块，还用于发送所述第二数据包的相关信息，所述相关信息用于指示所述第一接收端的所述第一数据包。
  17. 一种接收端，其特征在于，包括：
    接收模块，用于接收发送端发送的第二数据包；
    译码模块，用于对所述第二数据包进行译码；
    获取模块，用于从译码后的所述第二数据包中获取所述接收端的第一数据包。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的接收端，其特征在于，
    所述接收模块，还用于接收所述发送端发送的所述第二数据包的相关信息，所述相关信息用于指示所述接收端的第一数据包；
    所述获取模块从译码后的所述第二数据包中获取所述接收端的第一数据包的具体方式为：
    基于所述相关信息，从译码后的所述第二数据包中获取所述相关信息所指示的第一数据包。
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