WO2018161744A1 - 一种过滤装置及其在食品安全检测固体样品前处理中的应用 - Google Patents

一种过滤装置及其在食品安全检测固体样品前处理中的应用 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018161744A1
WO2018161744A1 PCT/CN2018/074794 CN2018074794W WO2018161744A1 WO 2018161744 A1 WO2018161744 A1 WO 2018161744A1 CN 2018074794 W CN2018074794 W CN 2018074794W WO 2018161744 A1 WO2018161744 A1 WO 2018161744A1
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Prior art keywords
filter
sample
connecting member
kit
mesh
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PCT/CN2018/074794
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
严义勇
朱海
蔡振庆
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深圳市易瑞生物技术股份有限公司
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Priority to EP18764285.5A priority Critical patent/EP3593882B1/en
Publication of WO2018161744A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018161744A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L3/00—Containers or dishes for laboratory use, e.g. laboratory glassware; Droppers
    • B01L3/50—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes
    • B01L3/502—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures
    • B01L3/5023—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures with a sample being transported to, and subsequently stored in an absorbent for analysis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
    • B01D29/01—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with flat filtering elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
    • B01D29/50—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition
    • B01D29/56—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition in series connection
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D35/00—Filtering devices having features not specifically covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D33/00, or for applications not specifically covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D33/00; Auxiliary devices for filtration; Filter housing constructions
    • B01D35/30—Filter housing constructions
    • B01D35/306—Filter mounting adapter
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
    • G01N1/40—Concentrating samples
    • G01N1/4077—Concentrating samples by other techniques involving separation of suspended solids
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L2300/00—Additional constructional details
    • B01L2300/06—Auxiliary integrated devices, integrated components
    • B01L2300/0681—Filter
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L2300/00—Additional constructional details
    • B01L2300/08—Geometry, shape and general structure
    • B01L2300/0832—Geometry, shape and general structure cylindrical, tube shaped
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L2400/00—Moving or stopping fluids
    • B01L2400/04—Moving fluids with specific forces or mechanical means
    • B01L2400/0403—Moving fluids with specific forces or mechanical means specific forces
    • B01L2400/0457—Moving fluids with specific forces or mechanical means specific forces passive flow or gravitation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L2400/00—Moving or stopping fluids
    • B01L2400/04—Moving fluids with specific forces or mechanical means
    • B01L2400/0475—Moving fluids with specific forces or mechanical means specific mechanical means and fluid pressure
    • B01L2400/0487—Moving fluids with specific forces or mechanical means specific mechanical means and fluid pressure fluid pressure, pneumatics
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L2400/00—Moving or stopping fluids
    • B01L2400/04—Moving fluids with specific forces or mechanical means
    • B01L2400/0475—Moving fluids with specific forces or mechanical means specific mechanical means and fluid pressure
    • B01L2400/0487—Moving fluids with specific forces or mechanical means specific mechanical means and fluid pressure fluid pressure, pneumatics
    • B01L2400/049—Moving fluids with specific forces or mechanical means specific mechanical means and fluid pressure fluid pressure, pneumatics vacuum
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
    • G01N1/40—Concentrating samples
    • G01N1/4077—Concentrating samples by other techniques involving separation of suspended solids
    • G01N2001/4088—Concentrating samples by other techniques involving separation of suspended solids filtration
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/02—Food

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of food safety testing, and more particularly to a filtration device and its use in food safety detection of solid sample pretreatment.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a filtering device intended to solve or at least alleviate some or all of the above-mentioned disadvantages of the prior art and its use in food safety detection of solid sample pretreatment.
  • a filter device wherein the filter device includes a filter kit and a collection member, the filter kit comprising:
  • a sample cartridge that is a hollow cylindrical member and has an upper port and a lower port;
  • a filter mesh disposed in the upper port of the sample cartridge for filtering the sample to be filtered when the sample to be filtered is placed on the filter mesh
  • the collection member is coupled to the lower port of the sample cartridge for collecting liquid filtered from the filter mesh into the detection container.
  • the filter kit comprises one or more of the filter nets, a plurality of the filter nets are arranged at intervals and the aperture of the filter net located above is larger than the aperture of the filter net located below.
  • the filter kit further includes an upper connecting member disposed at the upper port of the sample cartridge and a lower connecting member disposed at the lower port of the sample cartridge, the collecting member having The upper connecting part of the filter kit is the same upper connecting part, and the upper connecting part of the collecting part is connected to the lower connecting part of the filter kit
  • the filtering device comprises a plurality of the filter sets connected one above the other, each of the filter sets comprising one or more of the filter nets, the upper mesh of the filter mesh having a larger aperture than the lower one
  • each of the filter kits further comprising an upper connecting member disposed at the upper port of the sample cartridge and a lower connecting member disposed at the lower port of the sample cartridge, located above
  • the lower connecting member of the filter kit is connected to the lower connecting member of the filter kit located below.
  • the collecting member has the same upper connecting member as the upper connecting member of the filter kit, and the upper connecting member of the collecting member is connected to the lowermost of the filter kit Connecting parts.
  • the upper connecting member and the lower connecting member are integrally provided independently of the corresponding sample cartridge or with the corresponding sample cartridge.
  • the lower connecting member of the filter kit located above is connected to the lower connecting member of the filter kit located below by a thread, a snap or an interference fit.
  • a plurality of the sample cartridges included in the plurality of filter kits are all sample cylinders or partial sample cartridges configured as a circular sample cylinder or a quadrilateral sample cylinder.
  • the filter mesh is made of glass fiber, nylon, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polypropylene or stainless steel
  • the sample cylinder is made of glass, metal material or polymer material such as polytetrafluoroethylene.
  • the upper connecting member and the lower connecting member are made of glass, a metal material, or a polymer material such as polytetrafluoroethylene or the like.
  • the filter mesh has a pore size ranging from 0.2 uM to 1500 uM.
  • the filter mesh is a flat filter mesh or a curved filter mesh that is convexly curved downward.
  • the separation of solids and liquids can be achieved without the use of a centrifuge during solid sample processing, thereby saving cost, saving time, and reducing the need for on-site testing conditions during rapid food safety testing.
  • the filtering device may be composed of a filter kit having one or more filters, or may be composed of multiple filter kits each having one or more filters, the plurality of filters may in turn contain different The aperture is such that the configuration of the filter device can be flexibly set to meet various needs.
  • the filter has a pore size ranging from 0.2 uM to 1500 uM, thereby meeting the filtration requirements of a variety of solid samples.
  • the filter screen is a curved screen that is convexly curved downward, which results in a better filtering effect.
  • the filter kit further includes an upper connection member disposed at the upper port of the sample cartridge and a lower connection member disposed at the lower port of the sample cartridge, the collection The component also has an upper connecting component, and the upper connecting component of the collecting component is coupled to the lower connecting component of the filter kit.
  • the upper connecting member of the collecting member and the upper connecting member of the filter kit have the same structure, the production and assembly of the filtering device of the present invention are facilitated.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a filtration device according to a first exemplary embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a filtration device according to a second exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic perspective view of a filtration device in accordance with a second exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a filtration device according to a first exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • a filtering device according to a first exemplary embodiment of the present invention includes a sample cartridge 1, an upper connecting member 2, a lower connecting member 3, a filter net 4, and a collecting member 5, wherein the sample cartridge 1, the upper connecting member 2
  • the lower connecting part 3 and the filter screen 4 constitute a filter kit according to the invention.
  • the tester adds the liquid extract to be tested to the solid sample to be treated, and after the extraction is completed, the solid sample and the liquid (hereinafter collectively referred to as "samples to be filtered”) are poured together into the filter 4 in the sample tube 1. on.
  • samples to be filtered the solid sample and the liquid
  • the solids are retained on the filter screen 4 through the filtration of the filter 4, and the liquid passes through the filter mesh and then passes through the collecting member 5, and finally collected to the detecting container connected to the collecting member 5.
  • a centrifuge tube (not shown) is awaiting the next test.
  • the collecting member 5 is preferably gradually narrowed from top to bottom, which facilitates the collection of the liquid.
  • the sample cylinder 1 is a hollow cylindrical member, specifically a circular sample cylinder. Obviously, the sample cylinder 1 can also have other shapes, such as a quadrilateral sample cylinder.
  • the sample cartridge 1 has an upper port and a lower port, and a filter screen 4 is disposed in the upper port for filtering the sample to be filtered when the sample to be filtered is placed on the filter 4, and the upper connecting member 2 is also disposed on the sample cartridge 1 At the port, the lower connecting member 3 is disposed at the lower port of the sample cartridge 1. Specifically, as shown in FIG.
  • the filter screen 4 is shaped to protrude downwardly from the curved curved screen, and the filter screen 4 is sleeved in the upper port of the sample cartridge 1, but will be understood by those skilled in the art.
  • the shape of the filter 4 can be changed as needed, for example, the filter 4 can be configured as a flat filter.
  • the filter 4 can be made of materials such as glass fiber, nylon, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polypropylene or stainless steel.
  • the aperture size of the filter 4 can be set from 0.2 uM to 1500 uM as needed.
  • a plurality of filters 4 may be provided as desired.
  • the plurality of filter screens 4 may be disposed such that the aperture size of the filter screen 4 located above is larger than the aperture size of the filter screen 4 located below, so as to facilitate the filtration of the sample to be filtered through the plurality of filter screens.
  • the lateral diameter size and the vertical downward convex size of each of the filter nets 4 are not particularly limited as long as they can be realized. Cooperate with each other to achieve layer-by-layer filtering.
  • the upper connecting member 2 and the lower connecting member 3 are separate from the sample cartridge 1, and may be respectively connected to the upper port and the lower port of the sample cartridge 1 by means of a thread, a snap or an interference fit, but
  • the upper attachment member 2 and the lower attachment member 3 can also be integrally formed with the sample cartridge 1.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a filtration device according to a second exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • the filter device according to the second exemplary embodiment of the present invention is different from the filter device of the first exemplary embodiment in that the filter device of the second exemplary embodiment includes two filter packages, that is, located above The first filter kit and the second filter kit located below.
  • Each of the two filter kits has the same structure as the filter kit of the first exemplary embodiment.
  • the lower connecting part 3 of the first filter kit and the upper connecting part 2 of the second filter set are connected by means of a thread, a snap or an interference fit.
  • the collection port is connected to the lower port of the sample cartridge 1 of the second filter kit.
  • filter kits are included, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that more filter kits may be provided according to the filtering requirements and the like. For example, set up three, four, or more filter kits. And, the shape of the plurality of sample cartridges 1 among the plurality of filter kits, the separate or integral arrangement between the upper connecting member 2 and the lower connecting member 3 and the corresponding sample cartridge 1, the shape of the filter net 4, and the filtration of the upper and lower connections
  • the connection between the upper connecting member 2 and the lower connecting member 3 of the kit may be the same or different.
  • the filter 4 of the filter set located at the bottom may be set as a flat filter, and the filter 4 of the other filter set located above may be arranged to protrude downwardly from the curved surface filter.
  • the filter kit located at the bottom may be set to have one filter 4, and the other filter kits located above may be set to have a plurality of filters 4. This allows for flexible matching of kits with different aperture sizes to further meet multiple filtering needs.
  • the filter kit includes the upper connecting member 2 and the lower connecting member 3, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that when the filtering device is as the first In the case where the exemplary embodiment is constructed such that only one filter kit is included, that is, in the case where a plurality of filter kits are not required to be connected up and down for multiple filtration, the filter kit may not include the upper connecting member 2 and the lower connecting member. 3. As long as the collecting member 4 can be connected to the lower port of the sample cartridge 1 to collect liquid from the lower port of the sample cartridge 1. Of course, if the filtering device does not need to be filtered by gravity, but needs to be filtered by positive pressure or negative pressure, the upper port or the lower port of the sample cartridge 1 is also required to be connected to the corresponding pressure generating device.
  • the filtering device includes a plurality of filters
  • the inspector adds the liquid to be tested to the solid sample to be treated, and after the extraction is completed, the sample to be filtered is poured into the uppermost portion of the filtering device.
  • Filter 4 is on. Under the action of gravity, positive pressure or negative pressure, the layers of the plurality of filter screens 4 are filtered, and the solids are retained on the respective filter nets 4. The liquid passes through the respective filter nets 4 and then passes through the collecting member 5, and finally collected to the connection. Wait for the next test in the test container of the collection unit 5.
  • the implementation of the positive pressure is various, for example, the positive pressure can be applied downward by the pump at the upper port of the sample cartridge 1 at the uppermost portion of the filtering device;
  • the implementation is also varied, for example by means of a silicone tube drawn at the outlet of the collecting part 5 of the filter device to create a negative pressure.
  • the collecting member 5 when the filtering device includes only one filter kit, the collecting member 5 preferably also has the upper connecting member 2, and the upper connecting member 2 of the collecting member 5 is connected to the lower connecting member 3 of the filter kit.
  • the collecting member when the filtering device comprises a plurality of filter packages, preferably the collecting member also has the upper connecting member 2 as shown in Figures 1-3 and the upper connecting member 2 of the collecting member is connected to the lower connecting member 3 of the lowermost filter kit.
  • Figure 3 shows a perspective schematic view of a filtration device comprising two filter kits.
  • the upper connecting member 2 having the collecting member 5 as shown in FIGS. 1-3 is only preferred, and is not essential.
  • the collecting member 5 can also be connected by other connections. Lower connection part 3 to the bottom of the filter kit.

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  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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Abstract

一种过滤装置及其在食品安全监测固体样品前处理中的应用。该过滤装置包括过滤套件和收集部件（5），过滤套件包括：样品筒（1），样品筒（1）为中空筒形件，并且具有上端口和下端口；以及过滤网（4），过滤网（4）设置在样品筒（1）的上端口中，用于在待过滤样品放置在过滤网（4）上时对待过滤样品进行过滤，收集部件（5）连接至样品筒（1）的下端口，用于将由过滤网（4）滤得的液体收集到检测容器中。使用该过滤装置，由于固体样品处理过程无需使用离心机便可实现固体与液体的分离，因而节约了成本、节约了时间、降低了在食品安全快速检测时对现场检测条件的要求。

Description

一种过滤装置及其在食品安全检测固体样品前处理中的应用 技术领域
本发明涉及食品安全检测领域，更具体而言涉及一种过滤装置及其在食品安全检测固体样品前处理中的应用。
背景技术
在食品安全检测中，需要处理大量固体样本。通常，在需要提取固体样本中的待测物的情况下，就需要利用离心机，检测人员将固体样本和提取液加入离心机，离心机在高转速下使得固体与液体分离，以取得待测试液体。高速离心机体积较大，重量较高，占据了大量实验面积，并且在转速提升、下降过程中需要较长时间，亦存在一定的安全风险。同时，高速离心机购置成本昂贵，也带来检测成本的提升。另外，在食品安全快速检测时，由于现场检测条件局限，场地面积局限，亦不便携带大型沉重的实验设备，电源无法保证供应，因此使得固体样品检测时常无法进行现场检测，需要转移至实验室进行。
因而，需要一种这样的过滤装置：该过滤装置可以解决或至少减轻上述现有技术中所存在的部分或全部缺点。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题在于：提供一种旨在解决或至少减轻上述现有技术中所存在的部分或全部缺点的过滤装置及其在食品安全检测 固体样品前处理中的应用。
本发明所采用的技术方案如下所述。
根据本发明的一方面，提供一种过滤装置，其中，所述过滤装置包括过滤套件和收集部件，所述过滤套件包括：
样品筒，所述样品筒为中空筒形件，并且具有上端口和下端口；以及
过滤网，所述过滤网设置在所述样品筒的所述上端口中，用于在待过滤样品放置在所述过滤网上时对所述待过滤样品进行过滤，
所述收集部件连接至所述样品筒的所述下端口，用于将由所述过滤网滤得的液体收集到检测容器中。
优选地，所述过滤套件包括一个或多个所述过滤网，多个所述过滤网以一定间隔层叠设置并且位于上方的所述过滤网的孔径大于位于下方的所述过滤网的孔径。
更优选地，所述过滤套件还包括设置在所述样品筒的所述上端口处的上连接部件和设置在所述样品筒的所述下端口处的下连接部件，所述收集部件具有与所述过滤套件的所述上连接部件相同的上连接部件，并且所述收集部件的所述上连接部件连接至所述过滤套件的所述下连接部件
优选地，所述过滤装置包括一个或上下连接的多个所述过滤套件，每个所述过滤套件包括一个或多个所述过滤网，位于上方的所述过滤网的孔径大于位于下方的所述过滤网的孔径，每个所述过滤套件还包括设置在所述样品筒的所述上端口处的上连接部件和设置在所述样品筒的所述下端口处的下连接部件，位于上方的所述过滤套件的所述下连接部件连接至位于下方的所述过滤套件的所述下连接部件。
更优选地，所述收集部件具有与所述过滤套件的所述上连接部件相同的上连接部件，并且所述收集部件的所述上连接部件连接至最下方的所述过滤套件的所述下连接部件。
优选地，所述上连接部件和所述下连接部件独立于对应的所述样品筒 或者与对应的所述样品筒一体设置。
优选地，位于上方的所述过滤套件的所述下连接部件通过螺纹、卡扣或者过盈配合方式连接至位于下方的所述过滤套件的所述下连接部件。
优选地，多个所述过滤套件包括的多个所述样品筒全部样品筒或者部分样品筒构造为圆形样品筒或者四边形样品筒。
优选地，所述过滤网由玻璃纤维、尼龙、聚四氟乙烯、聚氯乙烯、聚丙烯或不锈钢制成，所述样品筒由玻璃、金属材料或高分子材料如聚四氟乙烯等制成，所述上连接部件和所述下连接部件由玻璃、金属材料或高分子材料如聚四氟乙烯等制成。
优选地，所述过滤网的孔径尺寸范围为0.2uM至1500uM。
优选地，所述过滤网为平面过滤网或者为向下凸出弯曲的曲面过滤网。
根据本发明的另一方面，提供一种上述过滤装置在食品安全检测固体样品前处理中的应用。
根据本发明的一个或多个实施方式，能够实现如下所述的有益效果。
根据本发明，由于过滤装置。这减轻或避免了现有技术中的缺点。
在一些实施方式中，由于固体样品处理过程无需使用离心机便可实现固体与液体的分离，因而节约了成本、节约了时间、降低了在食品安全快速检测时对现场检测条件的要求。
在另一些实施方式中，由于过滤装置可以由具有一个或多个过滤网的过滤套件组成，或者可以由各自具有一个或多个过滤网的多个过滤套件组成，多个过滤网又可以包含不同的孔径，从而可以灵活设置过滤装置的构造以满足多方面需要。
在还一些实施方式中，所述过滤网的孔径尺寸范围为0.2uM至1500uM，从而可以满足多种固体样品的过滤需求。
在再一些实施方式中，所述过滤网为向下凸出弯曲的曲面过滤网，这样 使得过滤效果更佳。
在又一些实施方式中，所述过滤套件还包括设置在所述样品筒的所述上端口处的上连接部件和设置在所述样品筒的所述下端口处的下连接部件，所述收集部件也具有上连接部件，并且所述收集部件的所述上连接部件连接至所述过滤套件的所述下连接部件。在收集部件的所述上连接部件和过滤套件的上连接部件结构相同的情况下，方便了本发明的过滤装置的生产与组装。
附图说明
下面参照附图将对发明的特征、优点以及示例性实施方式的技术上和工业上的意义进行描述，在附图中，相同的附图标记指示相同的元件，并且其中：
图1是根据本发明第一示例性实施方式的过滤装置的结构示意图；
图2是根据本发明第二示例性实施方式的过滤装置的结构示意图；以及
图3是根据本发明第二示例性实施方式的过滤装置的示意性立体图。
具体实施方式
下面参照附图对本发明示例性实施方式进行详细描述。对示例性实施方式的描述仅仅是出于示范目的，而绝不是对本发明及其应用或用法的限制。而且，图中各部件的尺寸和比例也仅仅是示意性的，并不严格对应于实际产品。
首先参照图1对包括根据本发明第一示例性实施方式的过滤装置进行说明。图1是根据本发明第一示例性实施方式的过滤装置的结构示意图。如图1所示，根据本发明第一示例性实施方式的过滤装置包括样品筒1、上连接 部件2、下连接部件3、过滤网4以及收集部件5，其中样品筒1、上连接部件2、下连接部件3以及过滤网4构成根据本发明的过滤套件。使用时，检测人员在待处理固体样品中加入待测液提取液，提取完成后将固体样品以及液体(下文一起合称为“待过滤样品”)一并倾倒入样品筒1中的过滤网4上。在重力、正压或者负压的作用下，经过过滤网4的过滤，固体保留于过滤网4上，液体通过过滤网后再经过收集部件5，最终被收集至连接于收集部件5的检测容器例如离心管(未示出)中等待下一步测试。收集部件5优选从上到下渐渐收窄，这样方便对液体的收集。
如图1所示，样品筒1为中空筒形件，具体为圆形样品筒，显然，样品筒1还可以为其它形状，例如四边形样品筒等。样品筒1具有上端口和下端口，过滤网4设置在上端口中以用于在待过滤样品放置在过滤网4上时对待过滤样品进行过滤，上连接部件2也设置在样品筒1的上端口处，下连接部件3设置在样品筒1的下端口处。具体地，如图1所示，过滤网4的形状设置为向下凸出弯曲的曲面过滤网，并且过滤网4套设在样品筒1的上端口中，但本领域普通技术人员可以明白的是，过滤网4的形状可以根据需要变化，例如过滤网4可以设置为平面过滤网。无论设置成曲面过滤网还是平面过滤网，过滤网4都可以由玻璃纤维、尼龙、聚四氟乙烯、聚氯乙烯、聚丙烯或不锈钢等材料制成。
根据需要，过滤网4的孔径尺寸范围可以设置为0.2uM至1500uM。而且，虽然在图1中仅示出了1个过滤网4，但本领域普通技术人员可以明白的是，根据需求可以设置多个过滤网4。在这种情况下，多个过滤网4可以设置为位于上方的过滤网4的孔径尺寸比位于下方的过滤网4的孔径尺寸大，以方便待过滤样品经过多个过滤网4层层过滤，最终获得符合需要的检测液体。而且，在这种情况下，例如当多个过滤网4均设置为向下凸出弯曲的曲面过滤网时，各过滤网4的横向直径尺寸和竖向下凸尺寸没有特别限制，只要能够实现相互配合，从而实现层层过滤即可。
在图1中，上连接部件2和下连接部件3是独立于样品筒1的部件，可以通过螺纹、卡扣或者过盈配合方式分别连接至样品筒1的上端口和下端口处，但本领域普通技术人员可以明白的是，上连接部件2和下连接部件3也可以与样品筒1一体形成。
下面结合图2对根据本发明第二示例性实施方式的过滤装置的结构进行说明。图2是根据本发明第二示例性实施方式的过滤装置的结构示意图。如图2所示，根据本发明第二示例性实施方式的过滤装置与第一示例性实施方式的过滤装置的区别在于，第二示例性实施方式的过滤装置包括两个过滤套件，即位于上方的第一过滤套件和位于下方的第二过滤套件。这两个过滤套件中的每个过滤套件和第一示例性实施方式中的过滤套件结构相同。第一过滤套件的下连接部件3和第二过滤套件的上连接部件2通过螺纹、卡扣或者过盈配合方式连接。第二过滤套件的样品筒1的下端口处连接收集部件。
虽然在结合图2描述的第二示例性实施方式的过滤装置中，仅包括两个过滤套件，但本领域普通技术人员可以明白的是，可以根据过滤要求等需要而设置更多个过滤套件，例如设置三个、四个、或者更多个过滤套件。并且，多个过滤套件中的多个样品筒1的形状、上连接部件2和下连接部件3与相应样品筒1之间的单独或一体的设置方式、过滤网4的形状、上下连接的过滤套件的上连接部件2和下连接部件3之间的连接方式等等都可以相同，也可以不同。例如，可以将位于最下方的过滤套件的过滤网4设置为平面过滤网，而将位于上方的其它过滤套件的过滤网4设置为向下凸出弯曲的曲面过滤网。又例如，可以将位于最下方的过滤套件设置为具有1个过滤网4，而将位于上方的其它过滤套件设置为具有多个过滤网4。这样可以实现具有不同孔径尺寸的套件进行灵活搭配，从而进一步满足多种过滤需求。
而且，虽然在结合图1描述的第一示例性实施方式的过滤装置中，过滤套件包括上连接部件2和下连接部件3，但本领域普通技术人员可以明白的 是，当过滤装置如第一示例性实施方式所构造地那样仅包括一个过滤套件的情况下，也就是在并不需要多个过滤套件上下连接进行多次过滤的情况下，过滤套件可以不包括上连接部件2和下连接部件3，只要收集部件4可以连接至样品筒1的下端口而从样品筒1的下端口收集液体即可。当然，如果过滤装置不需要通过重力的方式进行过滤，而是需要通过正压或者负压的方式进行过滤，则还需要样品筒1的上端口或者下端口连接相应的压力生成装置。
在过滤装置包括多个过滤网的情况下，需要处理固体样品时，检测人员在待处理固体样品中加入待测液提取液，提取完成后将待过滤样品一并倾倒入过滤装置的最上方的过滤网4上。在重力、正压或者负压的作用下，经过多个过滤网4的层层过滤，固体保留于各个过滤网4上，液体通过各个过滤网4后再经过收集部件5，最终被收集至连接于收集部件5的检测容器中等待下一步测试。
需要说明的是，在本发明中，正压的实现方式是多种多样的，例如可以是在过滤装置的最上方的样品筒1的上端口处利用泵往下施以正压力；负压的实现方式也是多种多样的，例如可以是在过滤装置的收集部件5的出口处利用硅胶管抽从而形成负压力。
而且，在本发明中，当过滤装置仅包括一个过滤套件时，收集部件5还优选具有上连接部件2，并且收集部件5的上连接部件2连接至过滤套件的下连接部件3。当过滤装置包括多个过滤套件时，优选如图1-3所示地那样收集部件也具有上连接部件2并且收集部件的上连接部件2连接至最下方的过滤套件的下连接部件3。图3示出了包括两个过滤套件的过滤装置的立体示意图。但本领域普通技术人员可以理解的是，如图1-3中所示的收集部件5具有上连接部件2仅仅是优选的，并不是必须的，相反，收集部件5还可以以其他连接方式连接至最下方的过滤套件的下连接部件3。
在本说明书中，每当提及“示例性实施方式”、“优选实施方式”、“一个 实施方式”等时意味着针对该实施方式描述的具体的特征、结构或特点包括在本发明的至少一个实施方式中。这些用词在本说明书中不同地方的出现不一定都指代同一实施方式。此外，当针对任一实施方式/实施方式描述具体的特征、结构或特点时，应当认为本领域技术人员也能够在所有所述实施方式中的其它实施方式中实现这种特征、结构或特点。
以上详细描述了本发明的实施方式。然而，本发明的方面不限于上述实施方式。在不脱离本发明的范围的情况下，各种改型和替换均可以应用到上述实施方式中。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种过滤装置，其特征在于，所述过滤装置包括过滤套件和收集部件，所述过滤套件包括：
    样品筒，所述样品筒为中空筒形件，并且具有上端口和下端口；以及
    过滤网，所述过滤网设置在所述样品筒的所述上端口中，用于在待过滤样品放置在所述过滤网上时对所述待过滤样品进行过滤，
    所述收集部件连接至所述样品筒的所述下端口，用于将由所述过滤网滤得的液体收集到检测容器中。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的过滤装置，其特征在于，所述过滤套件包括一个或多个所述过滤网，多个所述过滤网以一定间隔层叠设置并且位于上方的所述过滤网的孔径大于位于下方的所述过滤网的孔径，优选所述过滤套件还包括设置在所述样品筒的所述上端口处的上连接部件和设置在所述样品筒的所述下端口处的下连接部件，所述收集部件具有与所述过滤套件的所述上连接部件相同的上连接部件，并且所述收集部件的所述上连接部件连接至所述过滤套件的所述下连接部件。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的过滤装置，其特征在于，所述过滤装置包括上下连接的多个所述过滤套件，每个所述过滤套件包括一个或多个所述过滤网，位于上方的所述过滤网的孔径大于位于下方的所述过滤网的孔径，每个所述过滤套件还包括设置在所述样品筒的所述上端口处的上连接部件和设置在所述样品筒的所述下端口处的下连接部件，位于上方的所述过滤套件的所述下连接部件连接至位于下方的所述过滤套件的所述下连接部件，优选所述收集部件具有与所述过滤套件的所述上连接部件相同的上连接部件并且所述收集部件的所述上连接部件连接至最下方的所述过滤套件的所述下连 接部件。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的过滤装置，其特征在于，所述上连接部件和所述下连接部件独立于对应的所述样品筒或者与对应的所述样品筒一体设置。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的过滤装置，其特征在于，位于上方的所述过滤套件的所述下连接部件通过螺纹、卡扣或者过盈配合方式连接至位于下方的所述过滤套件的所述下连接部件。
  6. 根据权利要求3所述的过滤装置，其特征在于，多个所述过滤套件包括的多个所述样品筒全部样品筒或者部分样品筒构造为圆形样品筒或者四边形样品筒。
  7. 根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的过滤装置，其特征在于，所述过滤网由玻璃纤维、尼龙、聚四氟乙烯、聚氯乙烯、聚丙烯或不锈钢制成，所述样品筒由玻璃、金属材料或高分子材料制成，所述上连接部件和所述下连接部件由玻璃、金属材料或高分子材料制成。
  8. 根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的过滤装置，其特征在于，所述过滤网的孔径尺寸范围为0.2uM至1500uM。
  9. 根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的过滤装置，其特征在于，所述过滤网为平面过滤网或者为向下凸出弯曲的曲面过滤网。
  10. 一种根据权利要求1至9中任一项所述的过滤装置在食品安全检测固体样品前处理中的应用。
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CN117138454B (zh) * 2023-10-31 2024-02-02 湖南省水运建设投资集团有限公司 一种水运工程水资源调查过滤装置

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