WO2018157385A1 - 钢丝绳悬挂装置、控制方法及多绳摩擦提升系统 - Google Patents

钢丝绳悬挂装置、控制方法及多绳摩擦提升系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018157385A1
WO2018157385A1 PCT/CN2017/075583 CN2017075583W WO2018157385A1 WO 2018157385 A1 WO2018157385 A1 WO 2018157385A1 CN 2017075583 W CN2017075583 W CN 2017075583W WO 2018157385 A1 WO2018157385 A1 WO 2018157385A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
wire rope
rope
joint
wedge
suspension
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2017/075583
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
寇子明
吴娟
寇保福
王海清
成爱明
寇少凯
Original Assignee
太原理工大学
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 太原理工大学 filed Critical 太原理工大学
Priority to PCT/CN2017/075583 priority Critical patent/WO2018157385A1/zh
Priority to US16/340,132 priority patent/US10611603B2/en
Priority to AU2017401570A priority patent/AU2017401570B2/en
Publication of WO2018157385A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018157385A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B7/00—Other common features of elevators
    • B66B7/06—Arrangements of ropes or cables
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B7/00—Other common features of elevators
    • B66B7/06—Arrangements of ropes or cables
    • B66B7/10—Arrangements of ropes or cables for equalising rope or cable tension
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B11/00—Main component parts of lifts in, or associated with, buildings or other structures
    • B66B11/04—Driving gear ; Details thereof, e.g. seals
    • B66B11/08—Driving gear ; Details thereof, e.g. seals with hoisting rope or cable operated by frictional engagement with a winding drum or sheave
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2501/00—Application field
    • D07B2501/20—Application field related to ropes or cables
    • D07B2501/2007—Elevators

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of engineering work, in particular to a wire rope suspension device, a control method and a multi-rope friction lifting system.
  • the wire rope suspension is an important device for the normal operation of the hoist.
  • the existing wire rope suspension device with a peach ring can realize the wire rope locking function, and can also realize the function of automatic wire balance by adjusting the wire rope tension.
  • a special rope adjusting device is needed for adjusting the rope.
  • the peach-shaped ring needs to be opened, and the peach-shaped ring needs to be closed after the rope is adjusted, and the rope is time-consuming and costly.
  • the existing wire rope suspension device pays insufficient attention to the release of the torsional moment of the wire rope.
  • the wire rope is subjected to an increase in the alternating fatigue stress, and the life of the wire rope is also rapidly shortened.
  • the existing wire rope suspension device with a peach ring relies too much on the oil cylinder to adjust the tension of the wire rope, so that the piston rod of the cylinder has to be adjusted after the stroke of the piston rod is completed, and the wire rope will be pulled when being pulled.
  • Plastic deformation occurs, especially in the deep wells of the kilometer, the degree of deformation of the steel wire rope is large, but the stroke of the oil cylinder is short, so the cycle of the rope adjustment is short, resulting in an increase in labor costs.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a wire rope suspension device, a control method and a multi-rope friction lifting system, which can conveniently perform a rope adjustment operation.
  • the present invention provides a wire rope suspension device comprising: a first beam, a second beam, a suspension cylinder, and a suspension joint for connecting the lifting container, the first beam and the second beam being used for Passing through the wire rope and fixing the wire rope, the two ends of the suspension cylinder are respectively connected with the second beam and the suspension joint; wherein, further comprising a wedge joint and a wire rope deflection restricting mechanism, the wedge joint is disposed at the In the accommodating cavity provided in the second beam, the wire rope deflection restricting mechanism is disposed between the wedge joint and the second beam, and the second beam can be preset with respect to the first beam Directional displacement At the same time, the wedge joint is driven to lock the wire rope segment on one side and the movement limit of the wire rope segment on the other side is released.
  • the wire rope deflection restricting mechanism can drive the wedge joint to be biased to move to lock the capacity of the wire rope segment of the first side of the wedge joint when the second beam is displaced relative to the first beam. Positioning the side wall and releasing the movement restriction of the wire rope segment on the second side of the wedge joint, and driving the wedge joint to move to the lock when the second beam is displaced relative to the first beam.
  • the wire rope segment on the second side of the wedge joint accommodates the sidewall of the cavity and releases the movement restriction of the wire rope segment on the first side of the wedge joint.
  • the second beam is provided with a side plate, and the second beam is connected to the suspension cylinder through the side plate.
  • the wire rope deflection limiting mechanism specifically includes: a first locking top arm, and a second Locking the top arm and the push-pull member, the first lock top arm being located above the second lock top arm and the push-pull member, one end of the first lock top arm and the second lock top arm One end of each of the two sides is hinged on the second beam, and the side plate, the wedge joint and the second beam are connected to the first locking top arm by a hinge shaft, and one end of the push-pull member is The other end of the second lock top arm constitutes a rotary pair, and the other end forms a moving pair and a rotating pair with the side plate, the wedge joint and the second beam.
  • the wedge joint includes a joint body having a wedge-shaped side, the cross-sectional dimension of the joint body gradually increases from top to bottom, and an inner contour of the receiving cavity matches a side surface of the wedge joint,
  • the wedge joint is laterally movable and movable up and down relative to the accommodating cavity, and the side surface and the bottom surface of the joint body are provided with a rope groove, which can accommodate the wire rope passing through together with the inner contour of the accommodating cavity.
  • a wire rope self-locking mechanism is disposed in the first beam, and the wire rope and/or the rope of the wire rope relative to the first beam can be under normal operating conditions of the lifting system and under the condition of adjusting the rope. Automatic locking is achieved.
  • the wire rope self-locking mechanism comprises an input rope wedge hole and a rope rope wedge hole, and the input rope wedge hole and the rope rope wedge hole are respectively provided with an input rope wedge block and a rope rope wedge block, respectively
  • the wire rope passes through the wedge hole of the feed rope, passes through the wedge joint in the second beam, and penetrates into the wedge hole of the rope, and the wedge wedge and the wedge wedge are respectively
  • the threaded wire is inserted into the automatic locking, and the cross-sectional dimension of the feeding wedge hole and the rope wedge hole is tapered in a direction opposite to the penetration direction of the wire rope.
  • first disc spring and a second disc spring are respectively disposed at the wire rope entrance of the feeding rope wedge hole and the rope cutting hole.
  • the infeed rope wedge hole is located at a center position of the first beam.
  • the joint limiting mechanism is capable of switching between a movement restriction state and a motion restriction release state of the suspension joint with respect to the outer bracket under operation.
  • the joint limiting mechanism includes a first pin hole and a second pin hole respectively disposed on the outer bracket and the suspension joint, and inserted through the first pin hole and the second pin hole
  • the limit pin is configured to achieve the motion limit state, and the motion limit release state is achieved by pulling out the limit pin at the first pin hole and the second pin hole.
  • first beam and the second beam are connected by a screw, and an adjusting nut is arranged on the screw, and the relative position between the first beam and the second beam can be adjusted and fixed. .
  • the oil chambers on both sides of the piston in the suspension cylinder are provided with oil ports, and can connect a pressure oil source during the rope adjustment operation of the wire rope to extend the suspension cylinder to push the second The beam moves in a direction toward the first beam, or shortens the suspension cylinder to move the second beam in a direction away from the first beam.
  • the present invention provides a multi-rope friction lifting system including a lifting container, a lifting drive mechanism and a plurality of wire ropes, wherein a plurality of the aforementioned wire rope suspension devices corresponding to the plurality of wire ropes are further included.
  • each of the wire rope suspension devices are connected to each other through an oil passage, and a control valve is provided at each oil port having a rod cavity, and the rodless cavity of each of the wire rope suspension devices is The ports are also connected to each other through the oil passage, and a control valve is provided at each port of the rodless chamber.
  • the present invention provides a control method based on the aforementioned wire rope suspension device. Law, including:
  • the wire rope suspension device further includes an outer bracket and a joint limiting mechanism, at least part of the first beam, the second beam, the suspension cylinder and the suspension joint being disposed on the outer bracket
  • the control method further includes:
  • the joint limiting mechanism is operated to form a motion restriction state between the suspension joint and the outer bracket;
  • the joint limit mechanism is operated to form a motion restriction release state between the suspension joint and the outer bracket.
  • the joint limiting mechanism includes a first pin hole and a second pin hole respectively disposed on the outer bracket and the suspension joint, and the operation of the joint limiting mechanism specifically includes:
  • a limit pin is pulled out at the first pin hole and the second pin hole to achieve the motion limit release state.
  • the first beam and the second beam are connected by a screw, and an adjusting nut is disposed on the screw; the control method further includes:
  • the adjusting nut is adjusted to maintain a relatively fixed positional relationship between the first beam and the second beam.
  • control method further includes:
  • the oil port of the suspension cylinder is connected to the pressure oil source to extend the suspension cylinder to push the second beam relative to The first beam moves in a direction of approach or shortens the suspension cylinder to move the second beam in a direction away from the first beam.
  • the present invention relates the movement process of the second beam relative to the first beam to the driving action of the wire rope deflection limiting mechanism to the wedge joint, and when the second beam is displaced relative to the first beam in different directions of movement,
  • the wedge joint can lock the wire rope segments on different sides of the wire and release the movement restriction of the wire rope segment on the non-locking side, so that the wire rope passing through the second beam can be spit out or pulled out relative to the first beam, thereby enabling the operator to operate
  • the movement of the second beam relative to the first beam can complete the adjustment of the wire rope, simplifying the rope adjustment process of the wire rope.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of an embodiment of a wire rope suspension device of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the B direction in the embodiment of FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the B direction in the embodiment of FIG. 1.
  • Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the A-A section of the embodiment of Figure 1.
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing the A-A cross section of the outer bracket and the suspension joint fixed by the limit pin in the embodiment of FIG. 1.
  • Figure 5 is an enlarged schematic view of the F area of Figure 2.
  • Figure 6 is a top plan view of a first beam related structure of an embodiment of the wire rope suspension device of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view showing the D-D section of the first beam related structure of Figure 6.
  • Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view showing the C-C section of the first beam related structure of Figure 6.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic view showing the structure of a multi-rope friction hoist having a plurality of wire rope suspension devices of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of a wire rope suspension device of the present invention.
  • the wire rope suspension device of the present embodiment includes a first beam 6, a second beam 9, a suspension cylinder 14, and a suspension joint 15.
  • the first beam 6 and the second beam 9 are used to pass through the wire rope 1 and fix the wire rope 1.
  • Both ends of the suspension cylinder 14 are connected to the second beam 9 and the suspension joint 15, respectively.
  • the wire rope 1 When the wire rope 1 is installed, the wire rope 1 can be sequentially passed through the first beam 6 and the second beam 9, and then sequentially passed through the second beam 9 and the first beam 6 in reverse.
  • the first beam 6 and the second beam 9 can be connected by a screw 7, and the adjusting nut 16 is provided on the screw 7, so that the relative position between the first beam 6 and the second beam 9 can be adjusted and fixed.
  • the suspension cylinder 14 is connected between the second beam 9 and the suspension joint 15, and may be directly connected to the second beam 9, or may be indirectly connected by other intermediate members (for example, the side plate 10 in Fig. 1 or the like).
  • the piston rod 12 of the suspension cylinder 14 can be coupled to the suspension joint 15 via the earring 11 and the pin shaft 23.
  • the suspension joint 15 can be connected to the lifting container 30 (see Fig. 9) by a pin 20 which is a lifting car for lifting a person or an article.
  • the oil chambers on both sides of the piston 13 in the suspension cylinder 14 are provided with oil ports, which can be connected to the pressure oil source during the rope adjustment operation of the wire rope 1 to extend the suspension cylinder 14 as a whole to push the second beam 9 relative to the first
  • the beam 6 moves in the approaching direction or shortens the suspension cylinder 14 as a whole to pull the second beam 9 to move away from the first beam 6.
  • the wire rope suspension device further includes a wedge joint 8 and a wire rope deflection restricting mechanism.
  • the wedge joint 8 is disposed in a receiving cavity provided in the second beam 9, and the wire rope 1 passes through the receiving cavity and bypasses the wedge joint 8 when passing through the second beam 9 twice.
  • the wire rope deflection restricting mechanism is disposed between the wedge joint 8 and the second beam 9 to drive the wedge joint 8 to lock the wire rope segment on the side of the second beam 9 when the second beam 9 is displaced in the predetermined direction with respect to the first beam 6. And lift the movement limit of the wire rope segment on the other side.
  • the movement process of the second beam relative to the first beam in this embodiment is associated with the driving action of the wire rope deflection limiting mechanism on the wedge joint, when the second beam is oriented in a different direction relative to the first beam.
  • the wedge joint locks the wire rope segments on different sides of the wedge joint and releases the movement restriction of the wire rope segment on the non-locking side so that the wire rope passing through the second beam can be discharged or withdrawn relative to the first beam.
  • This enables the operator to complete the adjustment of the wire rope while operating the movement of the second beam relative to the first beam, simplifying the rope adjustment process of the wire rope.
  • the present embodiment can eliminate the need for the wedge joint when the rope is required, and does not need to use a special rope adjusting device, thereby saving cost and improving the rope adjusting efficiency.
  • the wire rope deflection restricting mechanism can drive the wedge joint 8 to move to the first side of the locking wedge joint 8 when the second beam 9 is displaced relative to the first beam 6 (the left side of the wedge joint 8 in FIG. 3)
  • the wire rope section accommodates the side wall of the cavity and releases the movement restriction of the wire rope section of the second side of the wedge joint 8 (on the right side of the wedge joint 8 in Fig. 3).
  • the wire rope segment of the first side is restricted in movement, when the second beam 9 moves upward, the wire rope segment of the first side is discharged upward from the first beam 6, and the rope discharging process of the wire rope 1 is realized.
  • the wire rope deflection limiting mechanism can drive the wedge joint 8 to move to the side of the accommodating cavity of the wire rope segment of the second side of the locking wedge joint 8 when the second beam 9 is displaced relative to the first beam 6, and release the wedge joint 8 The movement limit of the wire rope segment on the first side. At this time, since the wire rope segment of the second side is restricted in movement, when the second beam 9 moves downward, the wire rope of the second side is pulled downward to realize the rope feeding process of the wire rope 1.
  • the movement process of the second beam relative to the first beam and the driving action of the wire rope deflection restricting mechanism to the wedge joint can be contacted by various means (for example, by electronically controlled linkage mode, sequential linkage mode or mechanical linkage mode, etc.).
  • a sensor can be set to detect the movement of the second beam relative to the first beam and communicate to the controller.
  • the controller can control the wire rope deflection limiting mechanism to drive the wedge joint to lock the wire rope segments on different sides of the wire according to the sensing signal, and release the movement restriction of the wire rope segment on the non-locking side.
  • the controller can also be used to simultaneously control the movement of the second beam relative to the first beam and the timing linkage control of the wire rope deflection mechanism to the drive of the wedge joint.
  • Figure 5 shows an implementation of a mechanical linkage.
  • the second beam can drive the wire rope deflection restricting mechanism by mechanical transmission during the movement to drive the wedge joint to lock the wire rope segments on different sides of the wire and release the movement restriction of the wire rope segment on the non-locking side.
  • the side plate 10 is provided on the second beam 9, and the second beam 9 is connected to the suspension cylinder 14 through the side plate 10, and the side plate 10 can be phased The second beam 9 is moved in the vertical direction.
  • the wire rope deflection limiting mechanism specifically includes: a first locking top arm 17, a second locking top arm 18 and a push-pull member 19, the first locking top arm 17 is located above the second locking top arm 18 and the push-pull member 19, One end of a lock top arm 17 and one end of the second lock top arm 18 are hinged to the second beam 9, and the side plate 10, the wedge joint 8 and the second beam 9 pass through the hinge shaft and the first lock top arm 17 One end of the push-pull member 19 is rotatably coupled to the other end of the second lock top arm 18, and the other end and the side plate 10, the wedge joint 8 and the second beam 9 constitute a moving pair and a rotating pair.
  • the side panel 10 When the side panel 10 is pushed up by the suspension cylinder 14, the side panel 10 can push the second lock top arm 18 to rotate counterclockwise, while the push-pull member 19 rotates clockwise and pushes the wedge joint 8 to the right until the wedge joint
  • the wire rope segment on the right side of 8 is pressed so that the wire rope segment on the right side cannot move relative to the second beam 9.
  • the wire rope section on the left side of the wedge joint 8 is relaxed and can be moved relative to the second beam 9.
  • the second beam 9 As the side plate 10 moves upward, the second beam 9 is also moved upward.
  • the second beam 9 will drive the compressed wire rope segment to be discharged upward from the first beam 6, while the remaining rope of the first beam 6 on the rope side slides to the lower side of the second beam 9, thereby completing the rope discharging process.
  • the suspension cylinder 14 can pull the side plate 10 to move downward, and the side plate 10 can drive the second locking top arm 18 to rotate clockwise, and the push-pull member 19 rotates counterclockwise, so that the wedge joint 8 is right.
  • the wire rope section is relaxed.
  • the downward movement of the side plate 10 causes the first locking top arm 17 to rotate clockwise until the wire rope section on the left side of the wedge joint 8 is pressed so that the left wire rope segment cannot move relative to the second beam 9.
  • the second beam 9 is also moved downward, and the wire rope segment clamped on the left side of the wedge joint 8 will go down along with the second beam 9 and from the first beam.
  • a section of the wire rope is pulled out in the middle of the rope, and the rope remaining on the side of the first beam 6 is replaced by the rope which is pulled in, and is closely attached to the wedge joint 8, thereby completing the rope feeding process.
  • the wedge joint 8 preferably includes a joint body having a wedge-shaped side, and the cross-sectional dimension of the joint body gradually becomes larger from the top surface to the bottom surface.
  • the inner contour of the receiving cavity may be wedge-shaped and match the side of the joint body of the wedge joint 8.
  • Both the side and the bottom surface of the joint body are provided with rope grooves, which can accommodate the wire rope 1 passing through together with the inner contour of the accommodating cavity.
  • the wedge joint 8 is movable laterally and up and down with respect to the accommodating chamber, and as the wedge joint 8 moves laterally, the wire rope 1 on the side of the wedge joint 8 is pressed or relaxed.
  • the first beam 6 A wire rope self-locking mechanism can be provided, which can automatically lock the wire rope 1 and the rope of the first beam 6 and/or the rope.
  • Figure 6 is a top plan view of a first beam related structure of an embodiment of the wire rope suspension device of the present invention. 7 and FIG. 8, the wire rope self-locking mechanism includes an inlet rope wedge hole 31 and a rope rope wedge hole 32, and the inlet rope wedge hole 31 and the rope rope wedge hole 32 are respectively provided with the inlet rope. Wedge block 24 and spline wedge block 5.
  • the wire rope 1 passes through the wedge hole 31 of the feed rope, passes through the wedge joint 8 in the second beam 9, and passes through the wedge hole 32 of the rope.
  • the infeed rope wedge block 24 and the rope string wedge block 5 respectively perform automatic locking on the threaded wire rope 1 which is penetrated, and the cross-sectional dimension of the feed rope wedge hole 31 and the rope rope wedge hole 32 is tapered in a direction opposite to the penetration direction of the wire rope 1.
  • the wire rope 1 In normal operation, the wire rope 1 has a tendency to be pulled out relative to the first beam 6, and under the action of the incoming rope wedge block 24 and the incoming rope wedge hole 31, the wire rope 1 is pulled out, the incoming rope wedge block 24, the more the wire rope 1 is clamped, the greater the pressure is applied to it, the greater the friction is formed, so that the wire rope 1 is prevented from being pulled up, and the wire rope 1 can smoothly enter the incoming wedge block 24. In the gap. Therefore, a safety structure in which the wire rope can only enter is formed. Similarly, the end of the wire rope 1 extends into the rope wedge hole 32 of the first beam 6 via the second beam 9, and the locking action is achieved by the rope wedge block 5.
  • the rope wedge block 5 and the rope wedge hole 32 can clamp the end of the wire rope 1 in cooperation to prevent the end of the wire rope 1 from being pulled down into the first beam 6.
  • the wire rope 1 can be smoothly discharged upward with respect to the first beam 6. Therefore, a safety structure in which the wire rope is only inaccessible is formed.
  • the wire rope self-locking mechanism not only ensures the safety of the wire rope suspension, but also avoids the slippage of the wire rope relative to the wire rope suspension device, and can also cooperate with the wedge joint 8 and the wire rope deflection restricting mechanism to realize the rope adjusting function of the wire rope, thereby improving the whole Systematic, reliable and practical.
  • the feedrope wedge hole 31 is preferably located in the center of the first beam 6 to ensure that the tension of the wire rope and the wire rope suspension is balanced.
  • a first disc spring 4 and a second disc spring 22 are also respectively provided at the wire rope entry openings of the feed rope wedge hole 31 and the rope rope wedge hole 32.
  • One end of the first disc spring 4 may be fixed to a smaller-sized section of the in-line wedge block 24, and the other end is abutted against the upper surface of the first beam 6.
  • One end of the second disc spring 22 may be fixed to a smaller-sized section of the spoke wedge block 5, and the other end is abutted against the lower surface of the first beam 6.
  • the main function of the first disc spring 4 and the second disc spring 22 is to lock the wire rope during the normal operating condition of the lifting system, and in the one-way rope of the rope entrance of the rope adjusting process and the one-way rope of the rope mouth To the role of wire rope locking.
  • the wire rope suspension device can also include an outer bracket 2.
  • First beam 6, second beam 9, At least part of the suspension cylinder 14 and the suspension joint 15 are disposed in the inner space of the outer bracket 2, and a plane bearing 3 is further disposed between the outer bracket 2 and the first beam 6, and a surface of the plane bearing 3 is fixed to the outer bracket 2, The other surface is fixed to the first beam 6.
  • the planar bearing provided on the first beam 6 enables the release of the torsional moment of the wire rope 1 as the wire rope 1 rotates.
  • the wire rope suspension device may further include a joint limit mechanism capable of switching between the motion limit state and the motion limit release state of the suspension joint 15 with respect to the outer bracket 2 under operation.
  • the joint limiting mechanism of FIGS. 3 and 4 may specifically include a first latch hole 25 and a second latch hole 26 respectively disposed on the outer bracket 2 and the suspension joint 15, through the first latch hole 25 and the second latch The hole 26 is inserted into the stopper pin 21 to realize the movement restricting state, and the movement limit release state is achieved by pulling out the limit pin 21 at the first pin hole 25 and the second pin hole 26.
  • the present invention also provides a multi-rope friction hoist comprising a lifting container 30, a lifting drive mechanism, a plurality of wire ropes 1 and a plurality of the aforementioned wire rope suspension devices corresponding to the plurality of wire ropes 1.
  • the lifting drive mechanism can be a lifting reel, a lifting cylinder, and the like.
  • the oil ports on the rod chambers of the suspension cylinders of the respective wire rope suspension devices are all connected to each other through the oil passage 28, and a control valve 29 is provided at each oil port having a rod cavity, and the rodless cavity of the suspension oil cylinder of each wire rope suspension device
  • the upper ports are also connected to each other through the oil passage 28, and a control valve 29 is provided at each port of the rodless chamber.
  • the oil passage 28 can adjust the automatic tension of the wire rope tension through the internal oil pressure balance of each of the suspension cylinders during normal operation of the wire rope suspension device.
  • the oil port of the suspension cylinder can be connected to the pressure oil source during the rope adjustment process.
  • the pressurized oil source can be a hydraulic pump station, an accumulator or other hydraulic circuit.
  • the present invention also provides a control method, the method comprising:
  • the wedge joint 8 is driven to move to the side of the accommodating chamber of the wire rope segment on the second side of the locking wedge joint 8 by the wire rope deflection restricting mechanism, and the movement restriction of the wire rope segment on the first side of the wedge joint 8 is released to realize the wire rope 1 Into the rope.
  • the wire rope suspension device further includes an outer bracket 2 and a joint limiting mechanism, at least part of the first beam 6, the second beam 9, the suspension cylinder 14 and the suspension joint 15 being disposed on the outer bracket 2
  • the corresponding control method further comprises: operating the joint limiting mechanism under the spit rope condition, so that the suspension joint 15 and the outer bracket 2 form a motion restriction state; under the rope feeding condition, The joint limiting mechanism is operated to form a motion restriction release state between the suspension joint 15 and the outer bracket 2.
  • the joint limit mechanism in the wire rope suspension device may include a first pin hole 25 and a second pin hole 26 respectively disposed on the outer bracket 2 and the suspension joint 15, and the corresponding joint limit
  • the operation of the mechanism specifically includes: inserting the limit pin 21 into the first pin hole 25 and the second pin hole 26 to realize a motion restricting state; and pulling out the limit pin 21 at the first pin hole 25 and the second pin hole 26 to realize movement Restricted release status.
  • the first beam 6 and the second beam 9 in the wire rope suspension device can be connected by a screw 7, and the adjusting nut 16 is arranged on the screw 7.
  • the corresponding control method further comprises: Before the wire rope is adjusted by driving the second beam 9 by the suspension cylinder 14, the adjusting nut 16 between the first beam 6 and the second beam 9 is screwed to the side close to the first beam 6, so that the first A relative movement between the beam 6 and the second beam 9; after the wire rope is finished, the adjusting nut 16 is screwed to the side close to the second beam 9 so that the first beam 6 and the second beam 9 are Maintain a relatively fixed positional relationship.
  • the oil chambers on both sides of the piston 13 in the suspension cylinder 14 may be provided with oil ports; the control method further includes: driving the second beam 9 through the suspension cylinder 14 to realize the wire rope adjustment Previously, the oil port of the suspension cylinder 14 is connected to the pressure oil source to extend the suspension cylinder 14 to push the second beam 9 to move in the direction of approaching the first beam 6, or to shorten the suspension cylinder 14 to pull the second beam. 9 moves in a direction away from the first beam 6.
  • the wire rope suspension device When the wire rope suspension device is in normal operating condition, the wire rope 1, the outer bracket 2, the plane bearing 3, the first beam 6, and the second beam 9 are relatively fixed, and the suspension cylinder 14, the suspension joint 15 and the lifting container 30 are relatively fixed. Moreover, the rod cavities of the respective suspension cylinders 14 are respectively communicated through the oil passages 28, and the rodless cavities are respectively communicated through the other oil passages 28. The control valve 29 on the rod chamber port is fully opened, so that the oil pressure balance between the rod chambers of each cylinder is realized, thereby achieving the tension balance of the wire rope.
  • the two inverted feed wedge blocks 24 and the rope wedge blocks 5 provided in the first beam 6 complete the automatic locking of the wire rope 1.
  • the operator can insert the limit pin 21 into the first pin hole 25 on the outer bracket 2 and the second pin hole 26 on the suspension joint 15 so that the outer bracket 2 and the plane bearing 4
  • the upper surface, the suspension cylinder 14, the suspension joint 15 and the lifting container 30 are relatively fixed, and the wire rope 1 is fixed to the lower surface of the plane bearing 4, the first beam 6 and the second beam 9.
  • the adjusting nut 16 between the first beam 6 and the second beam 9 is screwed to the side close to the first beam 6, and the second beam 9 and the first beam 6 can be moved relative to each other, and need to be adjusted.
  • the hydraulic line connected to the oil port of the suspension cylinder 14 of the rope suspension device of the rope is disassembled and communicates with the ports A and B of the pressure oil source, respectively.
  • the pressurized oil source discharges oil to the rod chamber of the suspension cylinder 14, and the rod chamber is filled with oil to move the piston rod 12 upward, and the piston rod 12 moves upward against the side plate 10.
  • the side panel 10 drives the wedge joint 8 to tighten the wire rope section on the left side of the wedge joint 8 by the first lock top arm 17, the second lock top arm 18 and the push-pull member 19.
  • the side plate 10 drives the second beam 9 to move upward, the wire rope 1 is discharged upward from the first beam 6, and the left side rope is not moved, and the remaining rope on the right side is on the lower side of the wedge joint 8.
  • the rope throwing process of the wire rope 1 is realized.
  • the pressure oil source can be acted upon by the reversing valve, so that the rod chamber of the suspension cylinder 14 is oiled, and no rod chamber is unloaded, so that the piston rod 12 is retracted downward, and the side plate 10 is driven to move downward.
  • the side panel 10 drives the wedge joint 8 to tighten the wire rope segment on the right side of the wedge joint 8 by the first lock top arm 17, the second lock top arm 18 and the push-pull member 19.
  • the side plate 10 drives the second beam 9 to move downward, and the wire rope 1 is pulled downward from the first beam 6.
  • the rope that has been thrown out of the rope is replaced by a length of rope that is pulled in and is tightly attached to the wedge joint 8, thereby achieving the rope feeding process of the wire rope 1.
  • the above completes one cycle in the rope adjustment process, and multiple cycles can complete a certain length of the rope adjustment process.
  • the adjusting nut 16 is screwed to the side close to the second beam 9, and the pressure oil source is The oil port of the suspension cylinder 14 is separated, and the oil path 28 between the suspension cylinders 14 is reconnected, and the limit pin 21 for fixing the suspension joint 15 and the outer bracket 2 is pulled out, so that the wire rope suspension device can be restored to normal operation. status.
  • the device realizes the wire rope locking by the wire rope self-locking mechanism; during the operation of the lifting system, through the plurality of The suspension cylinder is connected by hydraulic pipeline to realize the dynamic tension balance of the wire rope. At the same time, the torsion moment of the wire rope is released by the plane bearing and the rotating pair; during the maintenance period, if the rope is required, the oil cylinder and the hydraulic pump station and other pressure oil sources and the control system are connected.
  • the oil cylinder drives the wire rope to deflect the restriction mechanism and cooperates with the wedge joint and the wire rope self-locking mechanism to realize the online rope, without the need of a special lock rope and rope adjusting device.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Lift-Guide Devices, And Elevator Ropes And Cables (AREA)

Abstract

一种钢丝绳悬挂装置、控制方法及多绳摩擦提升系统，其中钢丝绳悬挂装置包括：第一梁（6）、第二梁（9）、悬挂油缸（14）和用于连接提升容器（30）的悬挂接头（15），第一梁（6）和第二梁（9）用于穿过钢丝绳（1），并对钢丝绳（1）进行固定，悬挂油缸（14）的两端分别与第二梁（9）和悬挂接头（15）连接；还包括楔形接头（8）和钢丝绳偏向限制机构，楔形接头（8）设置在第二梁（9）内设的容置腔中，钢丝绳偏向限制机构设置在楔形接头（8）和第二梁（9）之间，能够在第二梁（9）相对于第一梁（6）发生预设方向的位移时，驱动楔形接头（8）锁止自身一侧的钢丝绳段，并解除另一侧的钢丝绳段的运动限制。通过上述设置，有调绳需求时不仅无需拆卸楔形接头，也不需要采用专用的调绳设备，能够方便地进行调绳操作。

Description

钢丝绳悬挂装置、控制方法及多绳摩擦提升系统 技术领域
本发明涉及工程作业领域，尤其涉及一种钢丝绳悬挂装置、控制方法及多绳摩擦提升系统。
背景技术
对于矿井提升机来说，钢丝绳悬挂装置是提升机正常运行的重要装置。现有的带桃形环的钢丝绳悬挂装置能够实现钢丝绳锁紧功能，还能够通过调节钢丝绳张力来实现钢丝绳自动平衡的功能。但是此类装置自身无法实现调绳功能，需要专用的调绳设备进行调绳，调绳的时候需要打开桃形环，调完绳后需要关闭桃形环，调绳耗时长、成本高。
另一方面，现有的钢丝绳悬挂装置在钢丝绳的扭转力矩释放方面重视不够，随着矿井深度的增加，钢丝绳受到交变疲劳应力增大，钢丝绳寿命也会迅速缩短。在控制方法方面，现有的带桃形环的钢丝绳悬挂装置在调节钢丝绳张力自动平衡方面过度依赖油缸，以至于油缸的活塞杆行程走完以后就不得不进行调绳，钢丝绳在受拉时会产生塑性变形，尤其是千米深井中钢丝绳变形程度大，然而油缸行程短，所以调绳周期短，导致人力成本的提升。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提出一种钢丝绳悬挂装置、控制方法及多绳摩擦提升系统，能够方便地进行调绳操作。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供了一种钢丝绳悬挂装置，包括：第一梁、第二梁、悬挂油缸和用于连接提升容器的悬挂接头，所述第一梁和所述第二梁用于穿过钢丝绳，并对钢丝绳进行固定，所述悬挂油缸的两端分别与所述第二梁和所述悬挂接头连接；其中，还包括楔形接头和钢丝绳偏向限制机构，所述楔形接头设置在所述第二梁内设的容置腔中，所述钢丝绳偏向限制机构设置在所述楔形接头和所述第二梁之间，能够在所述第二梁相对于所述第一梁发生预设方向的位移 时，驱动所述楔形接头锁止自身一侧的钢丝绳段，并解除另一侧的钢丝绳段的运动限制。
进一步地，所述钢丝绳偏向限制机构能够在所述第二梁相对于所述第一梁发生相向位移时，驱动所述楔形接头偏向移动至锁止所述楔形接头第一侧的钢丝绳段的容置腔侧壁，并解除所述楔形接头第二侧的钢丝绳段的运动限制，以及在所述第二梁相对于所述第一梁发生相反位移时，驱动所述楔形接头偏向移动至锁止所述楔形接头第二侧的钢丝绳段的容置腔侧壁，并解除所述楔形接头第一侧的钢丝绳段的运动限制。
进一步地，在所述第二梁上设有侧板，所述第二梁通过所述侧板与所述悬挂油缸连接，所述钢丝绳偏向限制机构具体包括：第一锁止顶臂、第二锁止顶臂和推拉部件，所述第一锁止顶臂位于第二锁止顶臂和所述推拉部件的上方，所述第一锁止顶臂的一端和所述第二锁止顶臂的一端均铰接在所述第二梁上，所述侧板、所述楔形接头和所述第二梁通过铰轴与所述第一锁止顶臂实现转动连接，所述推拉部件的一端与所述第二锁止顶臂的另一端组成转动副，另一端与所述侧板、所述楔形接头和所述第二梁组成移动副和转动副。
进一步地，所述楔形接头包括侧面呈楔形的接头本体，所述接头本体的截面尺寸自上而下逐渐变大，所述容置腔的内轮廓与所述楔形接头的侧面相匹配，所述楔形接头能够相对于所述容置腔侧向移动和上下移动，所述接头本体的侧面和底面均设有绳槽，能够与所述容置腔的内轮廓共同容纳穿过的钢丝绳。
进一步地，在所述第一梁中设有钢丝绳自锁紧机构，能够在提升系统正常运行工况下及调绳工况下对所述钢丝绳相对于所述第一梁的进绳和/或吐绳实现自动锁紧。
进一步地，所述钢丝绳自锁紧机构包括进绳楔形孔和吐绳楔形孔，在所述进绳楔形孔和所述吐绳楔形孔中分别设有进绳楔形块和吐绳楔形块，所述钢丝绳从所述进绳楔形孔中穿出，绕经所述第二梁中的楔形接头后，穿入所述吐绳楔形孔，所述进绳楔形块和所述吐绳楔形块分别对穿入的所述钢丝绳实现自动锁紧，所述进绳楔形孔和所述吐绳楔形孔的横截面尺寸渐缩方向与所述钢丝绳的穿入方向相反。
进一步地，在所述进绳楔形孔和所述吐绳楔形孔的钢丝绳穿入口处还分别设有第一碟簧和第二碟簧。
进一步地，所述进绳楔形孔位于所述第一梁的正中位置。
进一步地，还包括外支架，所述第一梁、所述第二梁、所述悬挂油缸和所述悬挂接头中的至少部分结构设置在所述外支架的内部空间中，在所述外支架与所述第一梁之间还设有平面轴承，所述平面轴承的一表面与所述外支架固定，另一表面与所述第一梁固定。
进一步地，还包括外支架和接头限位机构，所述第一梁、所述第二梁、所述悬挂油缸和所述悬挂接头中的至少部分结构设置在所述外支架的内部空间中，所述接头限位机构能够在操作下实现所述悬挂接头相对于所述外支架的运动限制状态和运动限制解除状态之间的切换。
进一步地，所述接头限位机构包括分别设置在所述外支架和所述悬挂接头上的第一插销孔和第二插销孔，通过在所述第一插销孔和所述第二插销孔插入限位销以实现所述运动限制状态，通过在所述第一插销孔和所述第二插销孔拔出限位销以实现所述运动限制解除状态。
进一步地，所述第一梁与所述第二梁之间通过螺杆连接，在所述螺杆上设有调节螺母，能够调整并固定所述第一梁和所述第二梁之间的相对位置。
进一步地，所述悬挂油缸中活塞的两侧油腔均设有油口，能够在进行所述钢丝绳的调绳操作时连接压力油源，以使所述悬挂油缸伸长来推动所述第二梁相对于所述第一梁向靠近的方向运动，或使所述悬挂油缸缩短来拉动所述第二梁相对于所述第一梁向远离的方向运动。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供了一种多绳摩擦提升系统，包括提升容器、提升驱动机构和多条钢丝绳，其中，还包括对应所述多条钢丝绳的多个前述的钢丝绳悬挂装置。
进一步地，各个所述钢丝绳悬挂装置的有杆腔上的油口均通过油路相互连通，并在每个有杆腔的油口设有控制阀，各个所述钢丝绳悬挂装置的无杆腔上的油口也均通过油路相互连通，并在每个无杆腔的油口设有控制阀。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供了一种基于前述的钢丝绳悬挂装置的控制方 法，包括：
吐绳工况：
通过所述悬挂油缸驱动所述第二梁相对于所述第一梁发生相向位移；
通过所述钢丝绳偏向限制机构驱动所述楔形接头偏向移动至锁止所述楔形接头第一侧的钢丝绳段的容置腔侧壁，并解除所述楔形接头第二侧的钢丝绳段的运动限制，以实现钢丝绳的吐绳；
进绳工况：
通过所述悬挂油缸驱动所述第二梁相对于所述第一梁发生相反位移；
通过所述钢丝绳偏向限制机构驱动所述楔形接头偏向移动至锁止所述楔形接头第二侧的钢丝绳段的容置腔侧壁，并解除所述楔形接头第一侧的钢丝绳段的运动限制，以实现钢丝绳的进绳。
进一步地，所述钢丝绳悬挂装置还包括外支架和接头限位机构，所述第一梁、所述第二梁、所述悬挂油缸和所述悬挂接头中的至少部分结构设置在所述外支架的内部空间中，所述控制方法还包括：
在吐绳工况下，通过操作所述接头限位机构，以使所述悬挂接头与所述外支架之间形成运动限制状态；
在进绳工况下，通过操作所述接头限位机构，以使所述悬挂接头与所述外支架之间形成运动限制解除状态。
进一步地，所述接头限位机构包括分别设置在所述外支架和所述悬挂接头上的第一插销孔和第二插销孔，所述接头限位机构的操作具体包括：
在所述第一插销孔和所述第二插销孔插入限位销以实现所述运动限制状态；
在所述第一插销孔和所述第二插销孔拔出限位销以实现所述运动限制解除状态。
进一步地，所述第一梁与所述第二梁之间通过螺杆连接，在所述螺杆上设有调节螺母；所述控制方法还包括：
在通过所述悬挂油缸驱动所述第二梁运动来实现钢丝绳调绳之前，调整所述调节螺母，以使所述第一梁与所述第二梁之间能够相对运动；
在钢丝绳调绳完毕后，调整所述调节螺母，以使所述第一梁与所述第二梁之间维持相对固定的位置关系。
进一步地，所述悬挂油缸中活塞的两侧油腔均设有油口；所述控制方法还包括：
在通过所述悬挂油缸驱动所述第二梁运动来实现钢丝绳调绳之前，将所述悬挂油缸的油口连接压力油源，以使所述悬挂油缸伸长来推动所述第二梁相对于所述第一梁向靠近的方向运动，或使所述悬挂油缸缩短来拉动所述第二梁相对于所述第一梁向远离的方向运动。
基于上述技术方案，本发明将第二梁相对于第一梁的运动过程与钢丝绳偏向限制机构对楔形接头的驱动作用联系起来，在第二梁相对于第一梁向不同运动方向发生位移时，楔形接头能够锁止自身不同侧面的钢丝绳段，并解除非锁止侧的钢丝绳段的运动限制，以便使通过第二梁的钢丝绳能够相对于第一梁吐出或拔出，进而使得操作人员在操作第二梁相对于第一梁运动即可以完成钢丝绳的调整，简化钢丝绳的调绳过程。通过本发明的钢丝绳悬挂装置，有调绳需求时不仅无需拆卸楔形接头，也不需要采用专用的调绳设备，因此可以节约成本，提高调绳效率。
附图说明
此处所说明的附图用来提供对本发明的进一步理解，构成本申请的一部分，本发明的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本发明，并不构成对本发明的不当限定。在附图中：
图1为本发明钢丝绳悬挂装置的一实施例的结构示意图。
图2为图1实施例中B方向的结构示意图。
图3为图1实施例中A-A截面的剖面示意图。
图4为图1实施例通过限位销固定外支架和悬挂接头的A-A截面的剖面示意图。
图5为图2中F区域的放大示意图。
图6为本发明钢丝绳悬挂装置实施例的第一梁相关结构的俯视图。
图7为图6中第一梁相关结构的D-D截面的剖面示意图。
图8为图6中第一梁相关结构的C-C截面的剖面示意图。
图9为具有多个本发明钢丝绳悬挂装置的多绳摩擦提升机的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面通过附图和实施例，对本发明的技术方案做进一步的详细描述。
如图1所示，为本发明钢丝绳悬挂装置的一实施例的结构示意图。结合图2-5，本实施例中的钢丝绳悬挂装置包括：第一梁6、第二梁9、悬挂油缸14和悬挂接头15。第一梁6和第二梁9用于穿过钢丝绳1，并对钢丝绳1进行固定。悬挂油缸14的两端分别与第二梁9和悬挂接头15连接。
在安装钢丝绳1时，可以使钢丝绳1依次从第一梁6和第二梁9穿过，再反向依次从第二梁9和第一梁6穿出。第一梁6与第二梁9之间可通过螺杆7连接，在螺杆7上设有调节螺母16，能够调整并固定第一梁6和第二梁9之间的相对位置。悬挂油缸14连接在第二梁9和悬挂接头15之间，可以直接与第二梁9连接，也可以通过其他中间部件(例如图1中侧板10等)间接连接。悬挂油缸14的活塞杆12可通过耳环11和销轴23与悬挂接头15连接。悬挂接头15可通过销轴20连接提升容器30(参见图9)，提升容器30为提升人或者物品的提升厢体。悬挂油缸14中活塞13的两侧油腔均设有油口，能够在进行钢丝绳1的调绳操作时连接压力油源，以使悬挂油缸14整体伸长来推动第二梁9相对于第一梁6向靠近的方向运动，或使悬挂油缸14整体缩短来拉动第二梁9相对于第一梁6向远离的方向运动。
在本实施例中，钢丝绳悬挂装置还包括楔形接头8和钢丝绳偏向限制机构。其中，楔形接头8设置在第二梁9内设的容置腔中，钢丝绳1在两次穿过第二梁9时穿过该容置腔并绕过楔形接头8。钢丝绳偏向限制机构设置在楔形接头8和第二梁9之间，能够在第二梁9相对于第一梁6发生预设方向的位移时，驱动楔形接头8锁止自身一侧的钢丝绳段，并解除另一侧的钢丝绳段的运动限制。
也就是说，将本实施例中第二梁相对于第一梁的运动过程与钢丝绳偏向限制机构对楔形接头的驱动作用联系起来，当第二梁相对于第一梁向不同运动方向 发生位移时，使楔形接头锁止自身不同侧面的钢丝绳段，并解除非锁止侧的钢丝绳段的运动限制，以便使通过第二梁的钢丝绳能够相对于第一梁吐出或拔出。这样就能够使得操作人员在操作第二梁相对于第一梁的运动时就可以完成钢丝绳的调整，简化钢丝绳的调绳过程。相比于现有的钢丝绳调绳方式，本实施例可以在有调绳需求时不必拆卸楔形接头，也不需要采用专用的调绳设备，因此能够节约成本，提高调绳效率。
在图3中，钢丝绳偏向限制机构可以在第二梁9相对于第一梁6发生相向位移时，驱动楔形接头8偏向移动至锁止楔形接头8第一侧(图3中楔形接头8左侧)的钢丝绳段的容置腔侧壁，并解除楔形接头8第二侧(图3中楔形接头8右侧)的钢丝绳段的运动限制。此时，由于第一侧的钢丝绳段被限制运动，因此当第二梁9向上运动时，该第一侧的钢丝绳段会向上从第一梁6中吐出，实现钢丝绳1的吐绳过程。
钢丝绳偏向限制机构可以在第二梁9相对于第一梁6发生相反位移时，驱动楔形接头8偏向移动至锁止楔形接头8第二侧的钢丝绳段的容置腔侧壁，并解除楔形接头8第一侧的钢丝绳段的运动限制。此时，由于第二侧的钢丝绳段被限制运动，因此当第二梁9向下运动时，该第二侧的钢丝绳会被向下拔出，实现钢丝绳1的进绳过程。
第二梁相对于第一梁的运动过程与钢丝绳偏向限制机构对楔形接头的驱动作用之间可通过各种方式(例如通过电控联动方式、时序联动方式或者机械联动方式等)进行联系。举例来说，可通过设置传感器来检测第二梁相对于第一梁的运动过程，并传递给控制器。控制器可根据传感信号控制钢丝绳偏向限制机构驱动楔形接头锁止自身不同侧面的钢丝绳段，并解除非锁止侧的钢丝绳段的运动限制。在另一个例子中，也可以采用控制器同时控制第二梁相对于第一梁的运动和钢丝绳偏向限制机构对楔形接头的驱动的时序联动控制。
图5示出的则是机械联动方式的一种实现例。其中，第二梁在运动时能够通过机械传动的方式带动钢丝绳偏向限制机构，来驱动楔形接头锁止自身不同侧面的钢丝绳段，并解除非锁止侧的钢丝绳段的运动限制。具体来说，在第二梁9上设有侧板10，第二梁9通过侧板10与悬挂油缸14连接，并且侧板10能够相 对于第二梁9在竖直方向上运动。钢丝绳偏向限制机构具体包括：第一锁止顶臂17、第二锁止顶臂18和推拉部件19，第一锁止顶臂17位于第二锁止顶臂18和推拉部件19的上方，第一锁止顶臂17的一端和第二锁止顶臂18的一端均铰接在第二梁9上，侧板10、楔形接头8和第二梁9通过铰轴与第一锁止顶臂17组成转动副，推拉部件19的一端与第二锁止顶臂18的另一端转动连接，另一端与侧板10、楔形接头8和第二梁9组成移动副和转动副。
当侧板10被悬挂油缸14向上推动时，侧板10能够推动第二锁止顶臂18逆时针旋转，同时推拉部件19顺时针旋转，并将楔形接头8顶向右侧，直至将楔形接头8右侧的钢丝绳段压紧，使右侧的钢丝绳段不能相对于第二梁9运动。同时楔形接头8左侧的钢丝绳段则被放松，可以相对于第二梁9运动。随着侧板10的向上运动，还会带动第二梁9向上运动。第二梁9会带动被压紧的钢丝绳段从第一梁6中向上吐出，而同时第一梁6进绳侧的余出绳滑动到第二梁9的下侧，从而完成吐绳过程。
当吐绳完毕后，悬挂油缸14可以拉动侧板10向下运动，侧板10则可以带动第二锁止顶臂18顺时针旋转，同时推拉部件19逆时针旋转，从而使楔形接头8右侧钢丝绳段被放松。侧板10向下运动会带动第一锁止顶臂17顺时针旋转，直至将楔形接头8左侧的钢丝绳段压紧，使左侧的钢丝绳段不能相对于第二梁9运动。随着侧板10的向下运动，还会带动第二梁9向下运动，此时楔形接头8左侧被夹紧的钢丝绳段会随着第二梁9一同向下，并从第一梁6中拔出一段钢丝绳，第一梁6吐绳侧余出的绳则被拔进来的该段绳代替，并与楔形接头8贴紧，从而完成进绳过程。
为了在上述调绳过程中使楔形接头8能够准确有效的实现对钢丝绳1的作用，楔形接头8优选包括侧面呈楔形的接头本体，接头本体的截面尺寸从顶面到底面逐渐变大。容置腔的内轮廓可呈楔形，并与楔形接头8的接头本体侧面相匹配。接头本体的侧面和底面均设有绳槽，能够与容置腔的内轮廓共同容纳穿过的钢丝绳1。楔形接头8能够相对于容置腔侧向移动和上下移动，随着楔形接头8的侧向移动，楔形接头8侧面的钢丝绳1会被压紧或放松。
为了确保钢丝绳悬挂装置与钢丝绳1之间不会出现打滑情况，在第一梁6 中可设有钢丝绳自锁紧机构，能够对钢丝绳1相对于第一梁6的进绳和/或吐绳实现自动锁紧。如图6所示，为本发明钢丝绳悬挂装置实施例的第一梁相关结构的俯视图。结合图7和图8所示的两个剖面示意图，钢丝绳自锁紧机构包括进绳楔形孔31和吐绳楔形孔32，在进绳楔形孔31和吐绳楔形孔32中分别设有进绳楔形块24和吐绳楔形块5。钢丝绳1从进绳楔形孔31中穿出，绕经第二梁9中的楔形接头8后，穿入吐绳楔形孔32。进绳楔形块24和吐绳楔形块5分别对穿入的钢丝绳1实现自动锁紧，进绳楔形孔31和吐绳楔形孔32的横截面尺寸渐缩方向与钢丝绳1的穿入方向相反。
在正常工作时，钢丝绳1相对于第一梁6存在被拉出的趋势，而在进绳楔形块24和进绳楔形孔31的作用下，钢丝绳1越被往外拉出，则进绳楔形块24就会越夹紧钢丝绳1，对其施加更大的压力，形成更大的摩擦力，从而避免钢丝绳1被往上拉出，反之钢丝绳1可以顺利地进入到进绳楔形块24所形成的间隙中。因此形成了钢丝绳只进不出的安全结构。同理，钢丝绳1的末端经由第二梁9伸入到第一梁6的吐绳楔形孔32中，并通过吐绳楔形块5实现锁紧作用。当钢丝绳1被向外拉出时，吐绳楔形块5和吐绳楔形孔32可以在配合下夹紧钢丝绳1的末端，避免钢丝绳1的末端被往下拉进第一梁6中。反之，钢丝绳1可以相对于第一梁6顺利地向上吐出。因此形成了钢丝绳只出不进的安全结构。
通过这种钢丝绳自锁紧机构，不仅能够确保钢丝绳悬挂的安全性，避免钢丝绳相对于钢丝绳悬挂装置的打滑，也能够配合楔形接头8和钢丝绳偏向限制机构实现钢丝绳的调绳功能，因此提高了整个装置的系统性、可靠性和实用性。
进绳楔形孔31优选位于第一梁6的正中位置，以确保钢丝绳与钢丝绳悬挂装置的拉力平衡。在进绳楔形孔31和吐绳楔形孔32的钢丝绳穿入口处还分别设有第一碟簧4和第二碟簧22。第一碟簧4的一端可固定在进绳楔形块24的较小尺寸段，且另一端顶紧在第一梁6的上表面。第二碟簧22的一端可固定在吐绳楔形块5的较小尺寸段，且另一端顶紧在第一梁6的下表面。第一碟簧4和第二碟簧22的主要作用是在提升系统正常运行工况时锁紧钢丝绳，并在调绳过程的进绳口单向进绳和吐绳口单向吐绳中起到钢丝绳锁紧的作用。
在图1-4中，钢丝绳悬挂装置还可以包括外支架2。第一梁6、第二梁9、 悬挂油缸14和悬挂接头15中的至少部分结构设置在外支架2的内部空间中，在外支架2与第一梁6之间还设有平面轴承3，平面轴承3的一表面与外支架2固定，另一表面与第一梁6固定。第一梁6上设置的平面轴承能够随着钢丝绳1转动而实现钢丝绳1的扭转力矩的释放。
在另一个实施例中，钢丝绳悬挂装置还可以包括接头限位机构，接头限位机构能够在操作下实现悬挂接头15相对于外支架2的运动限制状态和运动限制解除状态之间的切换。例如，图3和图4中的接头限位机构可具体包括分别设置在外支架2和悬挂接头15上的第一插销孔25和第二插销孔26，通过在第一插销孔25和第二插销孔26插入限位销21以实现运动限制状态，通过在第一插销孔25和第二插销孔26拔出限位销21以实现运动限制解除状态。
本发明钢丝绳悬挂装置的上述各实施例可应用于各种需要悬挂钢丝绳的场合，尤其适用于多绳摩擦提升机。因此本发明还提供了一种多绳摩擦提升机，包括提升容器30、提升驱动机构、多条钢丝绳1和对应多条钢丝绳1的多个前述钢丝绳悬挂装置。提升驱动机构可以为提升卷筒、提升油缸等。
各个钢丝绳悬挂装置的悬挂油缸的有杆腔上的油口均通过油路28相互连通，并在每个有杆腔的油口设有控制阀29，各个钢丝绳悬挂装置的悬挂油缸的无杆腔上的油口也均通过油路28相互连通，并在每个无杆腔的油口设有控制阀29。该油路28可以在钢丝绳悬挂装置正常运行时通过各个悬挂油缸的内部油压平衡来调节钢丝绳张力自动平衡。此外，在调绳过程中悬挂油缸的油口可连接压力油源。压力油源可以为液压泵站、蓄能器或其他液压油路。
基于上述各钢丝绳悬挂装置的实施例，本发明还提供了控制方法，该方法包括：
吐绳工况：
通过悬挂油缸14驱动第二梁9相对于第一梁6发生相向位移；
通过钢丝绳偏向限制机构驱动楔形接头8偏向移动至锁止楔形接头8第一侧的钢丝绳段的容置腔侧壁，并解除楔形接头8第二侧的钢丝绳段的运动限制，以实现钢丝绳1的吐绳；
进绳工况：
通过悬挂油缸14驱动第二梁9相对于第一梁6发生相反位移；
通过钢丝绳偏向限制机构驱动楔形接头8偏向移动至锁止楔形接头8第二侧的钢丝绳段的容置腔侧壁，并解除楔形接头8第一侧的钢丝绳段的运动限制，以实现钢丝绳1的进绳。
在钢丝绳悬挂装置的一个实施例中，钢丝绳悬挂装置还包括外支架2和接头限位机构，第一梁6、第二梁9、悬挂油缸14和悬挂接头15中的至少部分结构设置在外支架2的内部空间中，对应的控制方法还包括：在吐绳工况下，通过操作接头限位机构，以使悬挂接头15与外支架2之间形成运动限制状态；在进绳工况下，通过操作接头限位机构，以使悬挂接头15与外支架2之间形成运动限制解除状态。
在钢丝绳悬挂装置的另一个实施例中，钢丝绳悬挂装置中的接头限位机构可包括分别设置在外支架2和悬挂接头15上的第一插销孔25和第二插销孔26，对应的接头限位机构的操作具体包括：在第一插销孔25和第二插销孔26插入限位销21以实现运动限制状态；在第一插销孔25和第二插销孔26拔出限位销21以实现运动限制解除状态。
在钢丝绳悬挂装置的又一个实施例中，钢丝绳悬挂装置中的第一梁6与第二梁9之间可以通过螺杆7连接，在螺杆7上设有调节螺母16；对应的控制方法还包括：在通过悬挂油缸14驱动第二梁9运动来实现钢丝绳调绳之前，将第一梁6和第二梁9之间靠下的调节螺母16拧到靠近第一梁6的一侧，以使第一梁6与第二梁9之间能够相对运动；在钢丝绳调绳完毕后，将该调节螺母16拧到靠近第二梁9的一侧，以使第一梁6与第二梁9之间维持相对固定的位置关系。
在钢丝绳悬挂装置的又一个实施例中，悬挂油缸14中活塞13的两侧油腔均可设有油口；控制方法还包括：在通过悬挂油缸14驱动第二梁9运动来实现钢丝绳调绳之前，将悬挂油缸14的油口连接压力油源，以使悬挂油缸14伸长来推动第二梁9相对于第一梁6向靠近的方向运动，或使悬挂油缸14缩短来拉动第二梁9相对于第一梁6向远离的方向运动。
下面结合图1-4所示的钢丝绳悬挂装置结构的对钢丝绳悬挂装置的正常使用过程和调绳过程进行详细说明。
在钢丝绳悬挂装置处于正常运行工况时，钢丝绳1、外支架2、平面轴承3、第一梁6、第二梁9相对固定，悬挂油缸14、悬挂接头15和提升容器30相对固定。且各个悬挂油缸14的有杆腔均通过油路28分别连通，无杆腔均通过另一油路28分别连通。有杆腔油口上的控制阀29全部打开，实现各个油缸有杆腔之间油压平衡，从而实现钢丝绳张力平衡。
第一梁6中设置的两个反向的进绳楔形块24和吐绳楔形块5来完成钢丝绳1的自动锁紧。通过将多个调节螺母16分别拧紧到靠近第一梁6和第二梁9的位置，此时第一梁6与第二梁9之间没有相对运动。
当需要对钢丝绳进行调绳时，操作人员可将限位销21插入到外支架2上的第一插销孔25和悬挂接头15上的第二插销孔26，以使外支架2、平面轴承4的上表面、悬挂油缸14、悬挂接头15和提升容器30相对固定，而钢丝绳1与平面轴承4的下表面、第一梁6和第二梁9相对固定。然后，将第一梁6和第二梁9之间靠下的调节螺母16拧到靠近第一梁6的一侧，此时第二梁9和第一梁6可以相对运动，并将需要调绳的钢丝绳悬挂装置的悬挂油缸14的油口所连的液压管路拆开，分别与压力油源的A、B口相连通。
通过压力油源向悬挂油缸14的有杆腔卸油，无杆腔注油，使活塞杆12向上移动，活塞杆12顶着侧板10向上移动。侧板10通过第一锁止顶臂17、第二锁止顶臂18和推拉部件19来驱动楔形接头8顶紧楔形接头8左侧的钢丝绳段。侧板10带动第二梁9向上运动，钢丝绳1从第一梁6中向上吐出，而左侧绳不动，右侧的余出绳处于楔形接头8的下侧。实现钢丝绳1的吐绳过程。
完成吐绳后，压力油源可通过换向阀作用，使悬挂油缸14的有杆腔注油，无杆腔卸油，从而使活塞杆12向下回缩，带动侧板10向下移动。侧板10通过第一锁止顶臂17、第二锁止顶臂18和推拉部件19来驱动楔形接头8顶紧楔形接头8右侧的钢丝绳段。侧板10带动第二梁9向下运动，钢丝绳1从第一梁6中向下拔出。吐绳余出的绳被拔进来的一段绳代替并与楔形接头8贴紧，从而实现钢丝绳1的进绳过程。
以上完成调绳过程中的一个循环，多个循环可完成一定长度的调绳过程。完成调绳任务以后，将该调节螺母16拧到靠近第二梁9的一侧，将压力油源与 悬挂油缸14的油口分离，并重新接好悬挂油缸14之间的油路28，再拔出将悬挂接头15与外支架2固定的限位销21，即可让钢丝绳悬挂装置恢复到正常工作状态。
对于本发明包括楔形接头、钢丝绳自锁紧机构、钢丝绳偏向限制机构的钢丝绳悬挂装置实施例来说，该装置通过钢丝绳自锁紧机构实现钢丝绳锁紧；在提升系统运行过程中，通过将多个悬挂油缸用液压管路连通实现钢丝绳动张力平衡；同时，通过平面轴承与转动副释放钢丝绳扭转力矩；在检修期间，如需吐绳，将油缸与液压泵站等压力油源及控制系统连通，通过油缸带动钢丝绳偏向限制机构运动并配合楔形接头和钢丝绳自锁紧机构实现在线吐绳，而无需再加专用的锁绳及调绳装置。
最后应当说明的是：以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非对其限制；尽管参照较佳实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，所属领域的普通技术人员应当理解：依然可以对本发明的具体实施方式进行修改或者对部分技术特征进行等同替换；而不脱离本发明技术方案的精神，其均应涵盖在本发明请求保护的技术方案范围当中。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种钢丝绳悬挂装置，包括：第一梁(6)、第二梁(9)、悬挂油缸(14)和用于连接提升容器(30)的悬挂接头(15)，所述第一梁(6)和所述第二梁(9)用于穿过钢丝绳(1)，并对钢丝绳(1)进行固定，所述悬挂油缸(14)的两端分别与所述第二梁(9)和所述悬挂接头(15)连接；其特征在于，还包括楔形接头(8)和钢丝绳偏向限制机构，所述楔形接头(8)设置在所述第二梁(9)内设的容置腔中，所述钢丝绳偏向限制机构设置在所述楔形接头(8)和所述第二梁(9)之间，能够在所述第二梁(9)相对于所述第一梁(6)发生预设方向的位移时，驱动所述楔形接头(8)锁止自身一侧的钢丝绳段，并解除另一侧的钢丝绳段的运动限制。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的钢丝绳悬挂装置，其特征在于，所述钢丝绳偏向限制机构能够在所述第二梁(9)相对于所述第一梁(6)发生相向位移时，驱动所述楔形接头(8)偏向移动至锁止所述楔形接头(8)第一侧的钢丝绳段的容置腔侧壁，并解除所述楔形接头(8)第二侧的钢丝绳段的运动限制，以及在所述第二梁(9)相对于所述第一梁(6)发生相反位移时，驱动所述楔形接头(8)偏向移动至锁止所述楔形接头(8)第二侧的钢丝绳段的容置腔侧壁，并解除所述楔形接头(8)第一侧的钢丝绳段的运动限制。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的钢丝绳悬挂装置，其特征在于，在所述第二梁(9)上设有侧板(10)，所述第二梁通过所述侧板与所述悬挂油缸连接，所述钢丝绳偏向限制机构具体包括：第一锁止顶臂(17)、第二锁止顶臂(18)和推拉部件(19)，所述第一锁止顶臂(17)位于第二锁止顶臂(18)和所述推拉部件(19)的上方，所述第一锁止顶臂(17)的一端和所述第二锁止顶臂(18)的一端均铰接在所述第二梁(9)上，所述侧板(10)、所述楔形接头(8)和所述第二梁(9)通过铰轴与所述第一锁止顶臂(17)实现转动连接，所述推拉部件(19)的一端与所述第二锁止顶臂(18)的另一端组成转动副，另一端与所述侧板(10)、所述楔形接头(8)和所述第二梁(9)组成移动副和转动副。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的钢丝绳悬挂装置，其特征在于，所述楔形接头(8) 包括侧面呈楔形的接头本体，所述接头本体的截面尺寸自上向下逐渐变大，所述容置腔的内轮廓与所述楔形接头(8)的侧面相匹配，所述楔形接头(8)能够相对于所述容置腔侧向移动和上下移动，所述接头本体的侧面和底面均设有绳槽，能够与所述容置腔的内轮廓共同容纳穿过的钢丝绳(1)。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的钢丝绳悬挂装置，其特征在于，在所述第一梁(6)中设有钢丝绳自锁紧机构，能够在提升系统正常运行工况下及调绳工况下对所述钢丝绳(1)相对于所述第一梁(6)的进绳和/或吐绳实现自动锁紧。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的钢丝绳悬挂装置，其特征在于，所述钢丝绳自锁紧机构包括进绳楔形孔(31)和吐绳楔形孔(32)，在所述进绳楔形孔(31)和所述吐绳楔形孔(32)中分别设有进绳楔形块(24)和吐绳楔形块(5)，所述钢丝绳(1)从所述进绳楔形孔(31)中穿出，绕经所述第二梁(9)中的楔形接头(8)后，穿入所述吐绳楔形孔(32)，所述进绳楔形块(24)和所述吐绳楔形块(5)分别对穿入的所述钢丝绳(1)实现自动锁紧，所述进绳楔形孔(31)和所述吐绳楔形孔(32)的横截面尺寸渐缩方向与所述钢丝绳(1)的穿入方向相反。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的钢丝绳悬挂装置，其特征在于，在所述进绳楔形孔(31)和所述吐绳楔形孔(32)的钢丝绳穿入口处还分别设有第一碟簧(4)和第二碟簧(22)。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的钢丝绳悬挂装置，其特征在于，所述进绳楔形孔(31)位于所述第一梁(6)的正中位置。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的钢丝绳悬挂装置，其特征在于，还包括外支架(2)，所述第一梁(6)、所述第二梁(9)、所述悬挂油缸(14)和所述悬挂接头(15)中的至少部分结构设置在所述外支架(2)的内部空间中，在所述外支架(2)与所述第一梁(6)之间还设有平面轴承(3)，所述平面轴承(3)的一表面与所述外支架(2)固定，另一表面与所述第一梁(6)固定。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的钢丝绳悬挂装置，其特征在于，还包括外支架(2)和接头限位机构，所述第一梁(6)、所述第二梁(9)、所述悬挂油缸(14)和所述悬挂接头(15)中的至少部分结构设置在所述外支架(2)的内部空间中， 所述接头限位机构能够在操作下实现所述悬挂接头(15)相对于所述外支架(2)的运动限制状态和运动限制解除状态之间的切换。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的钢丝绳悬挂装置，其特征在于，所述接头限位机构包括分别设置在所述外支架(2)和所述悬挂接头(15)上的第一插销孔(25)和第二插销孔(26)，通过在所述第一插销孔(25)和所述第二插销孔(26)插入限位销(21)以实现所述运动限制状态，通过在所述第一插销孔(25)和所述第二插销孔(26)拔出限位销(21)以实现所述运动限制解除状态。
  12. 根据权利要求1所述的钢丝绳悬挂装置，其特征在于，所述第一梁(6)与所述第二梁(9)之间通过螺杆(7)连接，在所述螺杆(7)上设有调节螺母(16)，能够调整并固定所述第一梁(6)和所述第二梁(9)之间的相对位置。
  13. 根据权利要求1所述的钢丝绳悬挂装置，其特征在于，所述悬挂油缸(14)中活塞(13)的两侧油腔均设有油口，能够在进行所述钢丝绳(1)的调绳操作时连接压力油源，以使所述悬挂油缸(14)伸长来推动所述第二梁(9)相对于所述第一梁(6)向靠近的方向运动，或使所述悬挂油缸(14)缩短来拉动所述第二梁(9)相对于所述第一梁(6)向远离的方向运动。
  14. 一种多绳摩擦提升机，包括提升容器(30)、提升驱动机构和多条钢丝绳(1)，其特征在于，还包括对应所述多条钢丝绳(1)的多个权利要求1～13任一所述的钢丝绳悬挂装置。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的多绳摩擦提升机，其特征在于，各个所述钢丝绳悬挂装置的有杆腔上的油口均通过油路(28)相互连通，并在每个有杆腔的油口设有控制阀(29)，各个所述钢丝绳悬挂装置的无杆腔上的油口也均通过油路(28)相互连通，并在每个无杆腔的油口设有控制阀(29)。
  16. 一种基于权利要求1～13任一所述的钢丝绳悬挂装置的控制方法，其特征在于，包括：
    吐绳工况：
    通过所述悬挂油缸(14)驱动所述第二梁(9)相对于所述第一梁(6)发生相向位移；
    通过所述钢丝绳偏向限制机构驱动所述楔形接头(8)偏向移动至锁止所述 楔形接头(8)第一侧的钢丝绳段的容置腔侧壁，并解除所述楔形接头(8)第二侧的钢丝绳段的运动限制，以实现钢丝绳(1)的吐绳；
    进绳工况：
    通过所述悬挂油缸(14)驱动所述第二梁(9)相对于所述第一梁(6)发生相反位移；
    通过所述钢丝绳偏向限制机构驱动所述楔形接头(8)偏向移动至锁止所述楔形接头(8)第二侧的钢丝绳段的容置腔侧壁，并解除所述楔形接头(8)第一侧的钢丝绳段的运动限制，以实现钢丝绳(1)的进绳。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的控制方法，其特征在于，所述钢丝绳悬挂装置还包括外支架(2)和接头限位机构，所述第一梁(6)、所述第二梁(9)、所述悬挂油缸(14)和所述悬挂接头(15)中的至少部分结构设置在所述外支架(2)的内部空间中，所述控制方法还包括：
    在吐绳工况下，通过操作所述接头限位机构，以使所述悬挂接头(15)与所述外支架(2)之间形成运动限制状态；
    在进绳工况下，通过操作所述接头限位机构，以使所述悬挂接头(15)与所述外支架(2)之间形成运动限制解除状态。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的控制方法，其特征在于，所述接头限位机构包括分别设置在所述外支架(2)和所述悬挂接头(15)上的第一插销孔(25)和第二插销孔(26)，所述接头限位机构的操作具体包括：
    在所述第一插销孔(25)和所述第二插销孔(26)插入限位销(21)以实现所述运动限制状态；
    在所述第一插销孔(25)和所述第二插销孔(26)拔出限位销(21)以实现所述运动限制解除状态。
  19. 根据权利要求16所述的控制方法，其特征在于，所述第一梁(6)与所述第二梁(9)之间通过螺杆(7)连接，在所述螺杆(7)上设有调节螺母(16)；所述控制方法还包括：
    在通过所述悬挂油缸(14)驱动所述第二梁(9)运动来实现钢丝绳调绳之前，调整所述调节螺母(16)，以使所述第一梁(6)与所述第二梁(9)之间能 够相对运动；
    在钢丝绳调绳完毕后，调整所述调节螺母(16)，以使所述第一梁(6)与所述第二梁(9)之间维持相对固定的位置关系。
  20. 根据权利要求16所述的控制方法，其特征在于，所述悬挂油缸(14)中活塞(13)的两侧油腔均设有油口；所述控制方法还包括：
    在通过所述悬挂油缸(14)驱动所述第二梁(9)运动来实现钢丝绳调绳之前，将所述悬挂油缸(14)的油口连接压力油源，以使所述悬挂油缸(14)伸长来推动所述第二梁(9)相对于所述第一梁(6)向靠近的方向运动，或使所述悬挂油缸(14)缩短来拉动所述第二梁(9)相对于所述第一梁(6)向远离的方向运动。
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