WO2018147767A1 - Procédé de nettoyage des glaçons / de la neige contaminés par du pétrole et installation de fonte de glace pour sa mise en œuvre - Google Patents

Procédé de nettoyage des glaçons / de la neige contaminés par du pétrole et installation de fonte de glace pour sa mise en œuvre Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018147767A1
WO2018147767A1 PCT/RU2018/000057 RU2018000057W WO2018147767A1 WO 2018147767 A1 WO2018147767 A1 WO 2018147767A1 RU 2018000057 W RU2018000057 W RU 2018000057W WO 2018147767 A1 WO2018147767 A1 WO 2018147767A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
ice
melting
compartment
steam
oil
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/RU2018/000057
Other languages
English (en)
Russian (ru)
Inventor
Олег Владимирович БОГОМОЛОВ
Елена Николаевна ВОДОЛАЗКИНА
Вячеслав Александрович ГАВРИЛЬЧУК
Александр Александрович МАЛЫШЕВ
Андрей Александрович СУВОРОВ
Original Assignee
Олег Владимирович БОГОМОЛОВ
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Олег Владимирович БОГОМОЛОВ filed Critical Олег Владимирович БОГОМОЛОВ
Publication of WO2018147767A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018147767A1/fr

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01H—STREET CLEANING; CLEANING OF PERMANENT WAYS; CLEANING BEACHES; DISPERSING OR PREVENTING FOG IN GENERAL CLEANING STREET OR RAILWAY FURNITURE OR TUNNEL WALLS
    • E01H5/00—Removing snow or ice from roads or like surfaces; Grading or roughening snow or ice
    • E01H5/10—Removing snow or ice from roads or like surfaces; Grading or roughening snow or ice by application of heat for melting snow or ice, whether cleared or not, combined or not with clearing or removing mud or water, e.g. burners for melting in situ, heated clearing instruments; Cleaning snow by blowing or suction only
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01H—STREET CLEANING; CLEANING OF PERMANENT WAYS; CLEANING BEACHES; DISPERSING OR PREVENTING FOG IN GENERAL CLEANING STREET OR RAILWAY FURNITURE OR TUNNEL WALLS
    • E01H5/00—Removing snow or ice from roads or like surfaces; Grading or roughening snow or ice
    • E01H5/10—Removing snow or ice from roads or like surfaces; Grading or roughening snow or ice by application of heat for melting snow or ice, whether cleared or not, combined or not with clearing or removing mud or water, e.g. burners for melting in situ, heated clearing instruments; Cleaning snow by blowing or suction only
    • E01H5/106—Clearing snow or ice exclusively by means of rays or streams of gas or steam, or by suction with or without melting
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01H—STREET CLEANING; CLEANING OF PERMANENT WAYS; CLEANING BEACHES; DISPERSING OR PREVENTING FOG IN GENERAL CLEANING STREET OR RAILWAY FURNITURE OR TUNNEL WALLS
    • E01H5/00—Removing snow or ice from roads or like surfaces; Grading or roughening snow or ice
    • E01H5/10—Removing snow or ice from roads or like surfaces; Grading or roughening snow or ice by application of heat for melting snow or ice, whether cleared or not, combined or not with clearing or removing mud or water, e.g. burners for melting in situ, heated clearing instruments; Cleaning snow by blowing or suction only
    • E01H5/108—Devices for melting snow or ice in situ and removing subsequently for the mud or melting water

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of environmental protection, in particular to the cleaning of ice and snow covered with contaminated oil products, and can be used to quickly eliminate the effects of industrial accidents associated with oil spills on the ice and snow surface, to protect water and land resources from oil pollution , to prevent the spread of the range of oil pollution and reduce the harmful effects on the environment.
  • a known method of collecting oil under ice cover including determining the area of oil pollution, localizing the contaminated part of the reservoir, constructing windows in the ice cover into which atmospheric air is injected to form directed motion of the surface layers of water to one of the windows from where oil is pumped out, and air is supplied through discharge pipes frozen into ice openings, the lower ends of which are under oil (see the application for the grant of a patent of the Russian Federation for the invention "Method for collecting oil under ice ", N2 2001107690/13, 6 E 02 B 15/04).
  • this method has a significant drawback, namely, that the lower part of the ice cover remains oil-contaminated until the onset of the warm period. When ice melts, oil from its contaminated lower part enters the water, polluting it, and creates unfavorable conditions for the habitat of fish, representatives of the animal and plant world in the reservoir.
  • the ice floe contaminated with oil products is in the water, and when oil is washed off, one part of the ice floe is treated with water, and the other part of the ice floe is contaminated with washed oil.
  • the process of washing off oil from an ice floe in water becomes ineffective.
  • the device consists of modular crusher blocks that can be mounted to rotate on a barge or other vessel.
  • a rotating toothed drum crushes ice contaminated with oil products, mixes it with heated circulating water, forming a suspension of ice contaminated with oil products and water, which is transferred by means of screws to the melting units, where ice melts.
  • the resulting liquid phase of the mixture of water and oil products from the smelting units is transported to a separator unit (hydrocyclone), in which oil products are separated from the water.
  • Oil products are transported to a storage tank with subsequent unloading and disposal, and water is returned to the mixing line with crushed sea ice to form a suspension of ice and water to repeat the cycle of ice removal from oil products.
  • the disadvantages of the method are the high operational and energy costs for cleaning ice from oil products, the complexity of the design and the lack of versatility of the device.
  • a known method and device for cleaning the ice cover of the river from oil pollution (RF Patent N22220253, publ.: 12/27/2003), which consists in localization of the contaminated area, destruction of the ice cover, flushing oil from ice with steam or water.
  • This goal is achieved by the fact that each ice floe is removed from the water, the lower contaminated surface of the ice floe is treated with steam above the tank, and then the disinfected ice floe is discharged again into the river.
  • the invention is implemented as follows. In case of an emergency oil spill, on the surface of the river covered with ice, the area of oil pollution is determined in a known manner, the place of pollution is localized, and spilled oil is collected from the surface of the reservoir by known methods.
  • a steam-moving unit, a lifting mechanism and a tank for collecting oil are delivered to the place of pollution.
  • Known methods destroy the ice cover and claws of the lifting mechanism lift the ice, keeping them weighted above the tank.
  • Oil-contaminated parts of ice floes are treated with steam or warm water. Oil is washed off with warm water and enters the tank, from where it is supplied to the oil collector of the collection system. The cleared ice floes fall back into the water, and the next oil-contaminated ice floes are selected with the claws of the lifting mechanism.
  • the technical problem of this method is the impossibility of extracting oil products sorbed by an ice floe inside the ice floe and, as a result, the low efficiency of the cleaning process.
  • the known method and device have limited use, since they can only function in bodies of water with a directed flow of water, for example, on a frozen river, otherwise the cleaned ice will mix with the contaminated and the cleaning process will become ineffective.
  • the closest analogue of the claimed invention is a method for cleaning ice / snow from oil pollution (see SU 1006599 A1, CL EB 15/04, publ.
  • the heat carrier is used in the form of steam, while the temperature of the heat carrier is 100-200 ° C, and the separator compartment is equipped with a filter.
  • the absence of a cover leads to the formation of ice on the equipment and the surrounding area, which is associated with additional costs for cleaning it after the installation is completed.
  • the technical result of the claimed invention is the removal of petroleum products from the ice sections of the accidental spill of petroleum products in any water area and land, reducing the cleaning time while increasing the efficiency of the cleaning process of contaminated ice with oil products.
  • the specified technical result is achieved due to the fact that the claimed method of cleaning ice / snow from oil pollution, which consists in treating the surface of ice with steam, and the ice to be cleaned is placed in the hopper of the ice-melting compartment, treated with steam at a temperature of 100-200 ° C, and melted to form oil-water emulsion, which is sent to the filter separator compartment, where water is separated from oil fractions and purified to an ecologically required level, the process of cleaning ice from oil products is carried out automatically SG process ledoplavilnom complex in container type, comprising a steam generator, and ledoplavilny filtroseparatorny compartments separated by partitions, wherein the steam generator chamber used to produce steam or to provide W
  • the steam generating compartment being made up of a steam generator and a system of steam pipelines that are functionally connected to the ice melting compartment, in the hopper of which the ice is melted with steam to form the liquid phase of the oil-water emulsion, while the steam from the steam generator is sent to the ice melting compartment through heat exchangers in the form of perforated pipes located along the bottom and all walls of the compartment, the bottom being protected from the ice floes loaded into the ice melting compartment by a grate, and between the bottom and the grill, a pipe is made for pumping the emulsion into the filter separator compartment, consisting of a pump unit and a filter separator, functionally interconnected, while an emulsion is fed to the filter separator by means of a pump unit, where water is separated from oil products, it is cleaned to the requirements of sanitary standards with subsequent discharge water and petroleum products through pipes to the appropriate prefabricated tanks.
  • the ice melting hopper is equipped with a lid that is opened when loading contaminated ice and closed during intensive melting.
  • all the external and internal elements of the ice melting complex are made of materials resistant to chemically aggressive environments, high humidity and temperature fluctuations, as well as high impact loads.
  • an ice melting complex for cleaning ice / snow from oil pollution, containing means for treating ice / snow with steam, characterized in that it is made in the form of a container, inside of which there are steam generating, ice melting and filter separator compartments separated by partitions, where the steam generating compartment consists of a steam generator and a steam piping system that are functionally connected to the ice melting compartment, while the steam generator is connected to the ice melting compartment by heat exchangers in the form of perfo th e pipes arranged at the bottom and all the walls of the compartment, the bottom is protected from charged into ledoplavilny compartment floes grating and between the bottom and the grill have a nozzle for pumping the emulsion discharged into the filter separator compartment, consisting of a pump unit and a filter separator functionally interconnected, while the outlet pipe of the pump unit is connected to a filter separator, the outlets from which are connected to the corresponding collecting tanks.
  • the steam generating compartment consists of a steam generator and
  • the ice melting hopper is equipped with a lid configured to open when loading contaminated ice and to close during intensive melting.
  • all the external and internal elements of the ice-melting complex are made of materials resistant to chemically aggressive environments, and are intended for use in conditions of high humidity and temperatures, high shock loads.
  • the ice floes are melted, and the absorbed oil products located in the volume of the ice floes are removed, mixed with water under the action of steam jets with the formation of a water-oil emulsion with further effective separation of water from oil in the separator compartment.
  • the container (mobile) layout allows you to work in open waters away from the coast.
  • the presence of a protective grill in the ice-melting compartment protects the perforated pipes (heat exchanger) located above the bottom of the ice-melting compartment from shock when loading contaminated ice.
  • the presence of a cover above the ice-melting compartment eliminates the evaporation of water from the compartment during operation of the complex.
  • the effect of purification of water from petroleum products in the present method consists in the complete (volumetric) extraction of oil from the ice surface regardless of the presence or absence of a flow of the water surface.
  • the invention is illustrated in the drawing.
  • FIG. shown is an ice melting complex for cleaning ice from oil pollution (top view), where: 1 - a container, 2 - dividing walls, 3 - a steam generator compartment, 4 - an ice melting compartment, 5 - a filter separator compartment, 6 - a steam generator, 7 - steam pipeline, 8- collector, 9- heat exchangers, 10- grill, 11- pipe, 12- pump unit, 13 - filter elements, 14, 15 - cargo hoses, 16 - cover (the drawing shows only part of the cover element).
  • the technical result is achieved by treating contaminated ice with steam at a temperature of 100-200 ° C, melting ice to extract oil from the entire volume of contaminated ice and the formation of a liquid phase of an oil-water emulsion, followed by separation of oil from water with a degree of water purification to the requirements of sanitary standards.
  • the ice melting hopper is equipped with a lid that opens when loading contaminated people and closes during the melting process.
  • all the external and internal elements of the ice melting complex are made of materials resistant to chemically aggressive environments, and are designed for operation in conditions of high humidity and temperatures, high shock loads.
  • the novelty of the method and technical solution for cleaning ice from oil pollution is that contaminated ice is loaded into the ice melting compartment and processed with steam at a temperature of 100-200 ° C, with the formation of the liquid phase of the oil-water emulsion, which is fed into the filter separator compartment, where effective separation of water from oil fractions and its purification to the requirements of sanitary standards.
  • the intensifier of melting ice is steam at a temperature of 100-200 ° C, produced by a steam generator installed in the steam generator compartment and fed into the ice melting compartment hopper through perforated pipes located along the side walls and bottom, the latter being protected from shock loads of the loaded ice floes;
  • the liquid phase of the oil-water emulsion is fed through a nozzle located between the bottom and the grate of the ice-melting hopper hopper, to the filter separator compartment, as part of a pump unit and filter separator, with the help of which there is an effective separation of oil products and water with a degree of water purification to the requirements of sanitary standards, with subsequent discharge purified water and petroleum products to the appropriate prefabricated tanks;
  • the ice melting hopper is equipped with a lid that opens when loading contaminated people and closes during its melting;
  • the container design of the ice-melting complex consisting of three functional compartments ensures high availability and technological efficiency of volumetric cleaning of ice and snow from spilled oil products on the water surface and land with a degree of water purification to the requirements of sanitary standards.
  • FIG. An ice melting complex for cleaning ice from oil pollution is shown in FIG. and includes a container 1, divided by partitions 2 into three compartments: steam generating 3, ice melting 4 and filter separator 5.
  • Steam generating compartment 3 is designed for steam production, and consists of steam generator b, steam pipe 7, the latter communicated through a collector 8 with heat exchangers 9 for supply steam into the bunker of the ice melting compartment 4, made in the form of perforated pipes and located on all planes of the bunker - the sides and bottom, the latter being protected from the ice floes loaded into the bunker of the ice compartment by the grill 10, and there is a pipe 11 located between the bottom and the grill and functionally in communication with the pump unit 12 located in the filter separator compartment 5, for W
  • the hopper of the ice-melting compartment 4 is equipped with a movable lid 16, which opens when loading contaminated people and closes during intensive melting.
  • All external and internal elements of the ice-melting complex are made of materials resistant to chemically aggressive environments, and are designed for operation in conditions of high humidity and temperatures, high shock loads.
  • Ice melting complex for cleaning ice from oil pollution works as follows. Ice floes contaminated with oil products on a water surface or land are loaded into the ice-melting compartment 4 by an independent load-lifting mechanism (not shown). After the capacity of the ice-melting compartment 4 is completely loaded with contaminated ice floes, the capacity is automatically closed by a lid 16. The heat carrier with a temperature of 100-200 ° ⁇ from the steam generator 4, through perforated pipes 9, is fed into the capacity of the ice-melting compartment, where, under the influence of temperature, an intensive process of melting of contaminated ice occurs with the formation of liquid phase oil-water emulsion.
  • the level of the liquid phase of the oil-water emulsion rises above the level of the nozzle 11, which is functionally connected to the filter-separator compartment 5 through the pump unit 12, which is driven and supplies the oil-water emulsion to the filter elements 13, where the separation of oil and water with a degree of water purification to requirements of sanitary standards.
  • Purified water and petroleum products are discharged through cargo hoses 14 and 15 to the appropriate collection tanks (not shown). After complete melting of the ice in the capacity of the ice melting compartment, the cover 16 automatically opens and the cycle cleaning ice from oil pollution is repeated.
  • the invention is implemented as follows.
  • a lifting mechanism for example, a grab
  • ice floes contaminated with oil products are lifted and loaded into the bunker of the ice melting compartment.
  • the lid 16 is closed and the steam generator 6 is turned on, which generates a heat carrier of steam with a temperature of 100-200 ° C.
  • the latter through the steam line 7 through the collector 8 and heat exchangers 9, is sent to the hopper of the ice melting compartment. Under the influence of a coolant, contaminated ice floes melt with the formation of a water-oil emulsion.
  • the pumping unit 12 At the end of the melting of the entire mass of the loaded ice, the pumping unit 12 is turned on, which pumps the oil-water emulsion through the pipe 11 to the filter separator compartment 5 to the filter elements 13, on which the oil products are separated from the water and the separated components are discharged to the collection tanks via the corresponding cargo hoses 14 and 15.
  • the lid 16 opens and the loading of oil-contaminated ice floes is repeated until the entire contaminated area has been cleaned.
  • Water analysis after separation of the oil-water emulsion in the filter separator showed a decrease in the concentration of oil products in water from 2562 mg / dm 3 to 1.29 mg / dm 3 , which meets the requirements for make-up water of oil refining enterprises - not more than 1.5 mg / dm 3 and the requirement to industrial water discharged into the city sewer - not more than 5 mg / dm 3 .
  • the containerized execution of the ice-melting complex provides its mobility and allows the use of the inventive technology for cleaning ice from oil pollution on water surfaces, for example, to be installed on sea and river vessels, as well as for cleaning snow contaminated sites on land.
  • a distinctive feature of the claimed invention from known technical solutions is the combination of technological processes of steam production, melting of ice or snow covered by oil products with the formation of a liquid phase of a water-oil emulsion and water purification from oil products to the requirements of sanitary standards.
  • the processing of ice (or snow) contaminated with oil products with steam with a temperature in the range of 100-200 ° C is due to the fact that at lower temperatures the intensity of melting of contaminated ice drops sharply, which reduces the performance of the ice-melting complex.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Cleaning By Liquid Or Steam (AREA)
  • Cleaning In General (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention appartient au domaine de la protection de l'environnement et notamment le de nettoyage des glaçons / de la neige contaminés par des produits pétroliers. Le processus de nettoyage des glaçons / de la neige est mis en oeuvre dans une installation technologique autonome de fonte de glace qui comprend des compartiments de générateur de vapeur, de fonte de glace et de séparation par filtrage, lesdits compartiments étant séparés par des cloisons. Le compartiment de générateur de vapeur est utilisé pour produire de la vapeur et comprend un générateur de vapeur et un système de conduits de vapeur qui sont reliés fonctionnellement à la section de fonte de glace dans la trémie duquel on fait fondre la glace avec de la vapeur de manière à former une phase liquide d'émulsion eau/pétrole. Le fond du compartiment de fonte de glace est protégé par une grille des glaçons qui sont chargés dans le compartiment de fonte de glace. Entre le fond et la grille on a réalisé une tubulure de transfert par pompage de l'émulsion dans le compartiment de séparation par filtrage constitué d'un appareil de pompage et d'un séparateur à filtre. L'eau nettoyée dans le compartiment de séparation par filtrage est dirigée par des tubulures dans les réservoirs de collecte correspondants.
PCT/RU2018/000057 2017-02-13 2018-02-02 Procédé de nettoyage des glaçons / de la neige contaminés par du pétrole et installation de fonte de glace pour sa mise en œuvre WO2018147767A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
RU2017104484 2017-02-13
RU2017104484A RU2643271C1 (ru) 2017-02-13 2017-02-13 Способ очистки льдин/снега от нефтяных загрязнений и ледоплавильный комплекс для его реализации

Publications (1)

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WO2018147767A1 true WO2018147767A1 (fr) 2018-08-16

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PCT/RU2018/000057 WO2018147767A1 (fr) 2017-02-13 2018-02-02 Procédé de nettoyage des glaçons / de la neige contaminés par du pétrole et installation de fonte de glace pour sa mise en œuvre

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RU (1) RU2643271C1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2018147767A1 (fr)

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SU1006599A1 (ru) * 1981-05-29 1983-03-23 Киевский Ордена Ленина Политехнический Институт Им.50-Летия Великой Октябрьской Социалистической Революции Устройство дл очистки открытых водоемов,покрытых льдом, загр зненным нефтепродуктами
SU1574718A1 (ru) * 1989-01-19 1990-06-30 Управление Дорожного Хозяйства И Благоустройства Свердловского Райисполкома Г.Москвы Снегота лка
RU2220253C2 (ru) * 2002-02-04 2003-12-27 Федорив Любомир Васильевич Способ очистки льда от нефти
WO2010084195A1 (fr) * 2009-01-26 2010-07-29 Ncc Construction As Installation et procédé pour faire fondre et nettoyer la neige et la glace

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SU1006599A1 (ru) * 1981-05-29 1983-03-23 Киевский Ордена Ленина Политехнический Институт Им.50-Летия Великой Октябрьской Социалистической Революции Устройство дл очистки открытых водоемов,покрытых льдом, загр зненным нефтепродуктами
SU1574718A1 (ru) * 1989-01-19 1990-06-30 Управление Дорожного Хозяйства И Благоустройства Свердловского Райисполкома Г.Москвы Снегота лка
RU2220253C2 (ru) * 2002-02-04 2003-12-27 Федорив Любомир Васильевич Способ очистки льда от нефти
WO2010084195A1 (fr) * 2009-01-26 2010-07-29 Ncc Construction As Installation et procédé pour faire fondre et nettoyer la neige et la glace

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