WO2018145503A1 - 汽车紧固件用高强度铝合金杆及其制备方法 - Google Patents

汽车紧固件用高强度铝合金杆及其制备方法 Download PDF

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WO2018145503A1
WO2018145503A1 PCT/CN2017/112962 CN2017112962W WO2018145503A1 WO 2018145503 A1 WO2018145503 A1 WO 2018145503A1 CN 2017112962 W CN2017112962 W CN 2017112962W WO 2018145503 A1 WO2018145503 A1 WO 2018145503A1
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parts
aluminum alloy
alloy rod
casting
rod
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PCT/CN2017/112962
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English (en)
French (fr)
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贾伟
张军
马军
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江苏亨通电力特种导线有限公司
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Priority to SE1851392A priority Critical patent/SE542312C2/en
Publication of WO2018145503A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018145503A1/zh
Priority to ZA2018/07651A priority patent/ZA201807651B/en

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
    • C22C21/02—Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
    • B21B1/46—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling metal immediately subsequent to continuous casting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
    • B21B1/46—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling metal immediately subsequent to continuous casting
    • B21B1/463—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling metal immediately subsequent to continuous casting in a continuous process, i.e. the cast not being cut before rolling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/001—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths of specific alloys
    • B22D11/003—Aluminium alloys
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
    • B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
    • C22C21/06—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent
    • C22C21/08—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent with silicon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/02—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working in inert or controlled atmosphere or vacuum
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
    • C22F1/043—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with silicon as the next major constituent
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
    • C22F1/047—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with magnesium as the next major constituent

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the field of aluminum alloy materials, and in particular relates to a high-strength aluminum alloy rod for automobile fasteners and a preparation method thereof.
  • the aluminum cylinder of the engine In the light-weight background of the car, the aluminum cylinder of the engine has gradually developed, and it achieves fuel economy by reducing weight. In an engine of the same displacement all-aluminum engine, the use of an aluminum cylinder engine can reduce the weight of about 20 kg, and achieve a fuel consumption reduction of 0.06-0.2 L per 100 km.
  • the fasteners used to fix the engine should also be made of aluminum alloy (the use of steel bolts is prone to electrochemical corrosion) from the perspective of corrosion protection and lightweight.
  • aluminum alloy the use of steel bolts is prone to electrochemical corrosion
  • foreign high-strength aluminum alloy bolts are processed by 6000 series aluminum alloys, and the strength is not high, and it is easy to crack and intergranular corrosion during processing.
  • the present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object thereof is to obtain an aluminum alloy having good workability, high strength, and resistance to intergranular corrosion.
  • the present inventors have found that it is possible to achieve the object of the present invention by adding Er and Ag to the 6000 series aluminum alloy component and limiting it to a specific range.
  • the high-strength aluminum alloy rod technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a high-strength aluminum alloy rod for automobile fasteners, and the high-strength aluminum alloy rod:
  • the technical solution for preparing the high-strength aluminum alloy rod according to the present invention is: a method for preparing a high-strength aluminum alloy rod for an automobile fastener according to claim 1, wherein the preparation method comprises The following steps are obtained:
  • Step 1 93 to 96 parts of remelted aluminum ingot with a purity of 99.85%, 1.0 to 1.8 parts of silicon, 0.8 to 1.4 parts of magnesium, 0.55 to 1.3 parts of manganese, 0.01 to 0.3 parts of titanium, 0.1 to 0.7 parts of zinc, and 0.1% of zirconium. ???0.3 parts, ⁇ 0.05-0.5 parts, and 0.05-0.4 parts of silver are smelted to refine the molten aluminum liquid to eliminate hydrogen and suspended particles;
  • Step 2 Casting the molten aluminum liquid in the first step, casting a continuous casting machine using a steel belt and a wheel type copper mold combination, the continuous casting machine should be cooled by four-sided fan-shaped water spray, and the water flow rate should be greater than or equal to 10 m3/h, and The casting temperature is controlled at 695 ⁇ 3 ° C;
  • Step 3 Rolling the casting of step 2: using a continuous rolling mill with a continuous casting machine, using hot rolling and water quenching, that is, ensuring that the temperature of entering the rolling mill is controlled at 520-560 ° C, and immediately after the completion of rolling Lower the material temperature below 200 ° C;
  • Step 4 The material of the drawing of the third step is moved into a vacuum furnace or an annealing furnace filled with an inert gas for annealing, the annealing temperature is 450-510 ° C, and the holding time is 1-20 h. In order to improve the subsequent processing performance, the furnace should be followed. Cooling, cooling rate ⁇ 40 ° C / min;
  • Step 5 drawing the annealed material to a desired diameter, in order to improve the surface quality of the material, the compression ratio should be less than or equal to 85%;
  • Step 6 Cutting: cutting the aluminum alloy rod obtained in step 5 into a desired length
  • Step 7 Cold rolling: upsetting the material obtained in step 6 to obtain the bolt head;
  • Step 8 Threading: the surface obtained by the step 7 is twisted to obtain the threaded portion of the bolt;
  • Step IX aging treatment: aging temperature 130 ⁇ 180 ° C, holding time 3 ⁇ 14 hours, and in order to ensure material performance stability, with the furnace cooling for 1 hour.
  • the present invention has the following advantages over the prior art:
  • a high-strength aluminum alloy rod for automotive fasteners which comprises 0.05 to 0.5 parts of ruthenium and 0.05 to 0.4 parts of silver based on the composition of the 6000 series aluminum alloy.
  • the synergistic action of Er and Ag elements can increase the strength of the material and increase the rate of precipitation during the strengthening phase aging; in addition, by limiting the content, the problem of reducing the corrosion performance caused by the addition of excess Si and Zn to the material is solved. It is possible to avoid remelting of the material due to Zr.
  • the preparation method of the high-strength aluminum alloy rod for the automobile fastener of the invention wherein the drawn material is moved into a vacuum furnace or an annealing furnace filled with an inert gas for annealing, the annealing temperature is 450-510 ° C, and the holding time is 1 ⁇ 20h, improved its subsequent processing performance; secondly, it aging treatment of the obtained bolts, aging temperature 130 ⁇ 180 ° C, holding time 3 ⁇ 14 hours, and in order to ensure material performance stability, with the furnace cooling for 1 hour, this The heat treatment method greatly improves the machinability of the alloy while ensuring the tensile strength.
  • Embodiments 1 to 4 A high-strength aluminum alloy rod for automobile fasteners, the high-strength aluminum alloy rod:
  • Step 1 93 to 96 parts of remelted aluminum ingot with a purity of 99.85%, 1.0 to 1.8 parts of silicon, 0.8 to 1.4 parts of magnesium, 0.55 to 1.3 parts of manganese, 0.01 to 0.3 parts of titanium, 0.1 to 0.7 parts of zinc, and 0.1% of zirconium. ???0.3 parts, ⁇ 0.05-0.5 parts, and 0.05-0.4 parts of silver are smelted to refine the molten aluminum liquid to eliminate hydrogen and suspended particles;
  • Step 2 Casting the molten aluminum liquid in the first step, casting a continuous casting machine using a steel belt and a wheel type copper mold combination, the continuous casting machine should be cooled by four-sided fan-shaped water spray, and the water flow rate should be greater than or equal to 10 m3/h, and The casting temperature is controlled at 695 ⁇ 3 ° C;
  • Step 3 Rolling the casting of step 2: using a continuous rolling mill with a continuous casting machine, using hot rolling and water quenching, that is, ensuring that the temperature of entering the rolling mill is controlled at 520-560 ° C, and immediately after the completion of rolling Lower the material temperature below 200 ° C;
  • Step 4 The material of the drawing of the third step is moved into a vacuum furnace or an annealing furnace filled with an inert gas for annealing, the annealing temperature is 450-510 ° C, and the holding time is 1-20 h. In order to improve the subsequent processing performance, the furnace should be followed. Cooling, cooling rate ⁇ 40 ° C / min;
  • Step 5 drawing the annealed material to a desired diameter, in order to improve the surface quality of the material, the compression ratio should be less than or equal to 85%;
  • Step 6 Cutting: cutting the aluminum alloy rod obtained in step 5 into a desired length
  • Step 7 Cold rolling: upsetting the material obtained in step 6 to obtain the bolt head;
  • Step 8 Threading: the surface obtained by the step 7 is twisted to obtain the threaded portion of the bolt;
  • Step IX aging treatment: aging temperature 130 ⁇ 180 ° C, holding time 3 ⁇ 14 hours, and in order to ensure material performance stability, with the furnace cooling for 1 hour.
  • the aluminum alloy material using the process route of the invention has higher strength and resistance to crystal Corrosion performance; again, it moves the drawn material to a vacuum furnace or an annealing furnace filled with an inert gas for annealing, the annealing temperature is 450-510 ° C, and the holding time is 1-20 h, which improves the subsequent processing performance;
  • the aging treatment of the obtained bolts has an aging temperature of 130-180 ° C and a holding time of 3 to 14 hours.
  • the furnace is cooled for 1 hour, and the tensile strength is ensured, thereby greatly improving the alloy. Machinability.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
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Abstract

一种汽车紧固件用高强度铝合金杆及其制备方法。该高强度铝合金杆：纯度达99.85％的重熔铝锭93～96份、硅1.0～1.8份、镁0.8～1.4份、锰0.55～1.3份、钛0.01～0.3份、锌0.1～0.7份、锆0.1～0.3份、铒0.05～0.5份、银0.05～0.4份。方法包括：步骤一、将纯度达99.85％的重熔铝锭、硅、镁、锰、钛、锌、锆、铒、银进行熔炼，对熔融铝液进行精炼，消除氢气和悬浮颗粒；步骤二、对步骤一的熔融铝液进行铸造，浇铸采用钢带和轮型铜模组合的连铸机，该连铸机应采用四面扇形喷水冷却，水流量应大于等于10m3/h，且浇铸温度控制在695±3℃。

Description

汽车紧固件用高强度铝合金杆及其制备方法 技术领域
本发明属于铝合金材料领域，尤其涉及一种汽车紧固件用高强度铝合金杆及其制备方法。
背景技术
在汽车轻量化背景下，发动机的铝制缸体逐渐发展起来，它通过减轻重量实现省油。在同等排量全铝发动机的发动机中，使用铝缸体发动机能减轻20公斤左右的重量，实现百公里油耗降低0.06-0.2L。
发动机轻量化的同时，从防腐和轻量化角度，用于固定发动机的紧固件也应使用铝合金材料(使用钢制螺栓容易发生电化学腐蚀)。目前，已知国外有用6000系铝合金加工高强度铝合金螺栓，强度不高，且在加工过程中容易开裂及出现晶间腐蚀。
发明内容
本发明是为了解决上述问题而完成的，目的在于获得一种具有良好加工性、高强度、耐晶间腐蚀性的铝合金。本发明为了达到上述目的，通过努力专研，发现在6000系铝合金成分的基础上添加了Er和Ag，并限制在特定范围内，能够实现本发明目的。
为达到上述目的，本发明采用的高强度铝合金杆技术方案是：一种汽车紧固件用高强度铝合金杆，所述高强度铝合金杆：
Figure PCTCN2017112962-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2017112962-appb-000002
本发明采用的上述高强度铝合金杆的制备方法技术方案是：一种用于权利要求1所述的汽车紧固件用高强度铝合金杆的制备方法，其特征在于：所述制备方法包括以下步骤获得：
步骤一、将纯度达99.85％的重熔铝锭93～96份、硅1.0～1.8份、镁0.8～1.4份、锰0.55～1.3份、钛0.01～0.3份、锌0.1～0.7份、锆0.1～0.3份、铒0.05～0.5份、银0.05～0.4份进行熔炼，对熔融铝液进行精炼，消除氢气和悬浮颗粒；
步骤二、对步骤一的熔融铝液进行铸造，浇铸采用钢带和轮型铜模组合的连铸机，该连铸机应采用四面扇形喷水冷却，水流量应大于等于10m3/h，且浇铸温度控制在695±3℃；
步骤三、对步骤二的铸造件进行轧制：采用与连铸机一起进行的连轧机，采用热轧和水淬，即确保进入轧机的温度控制在520～560℃，轧制完成后立刻用水将材料温度降至200℃以下；
步骤四、将步骤三的拉丝的材料移至真空炉内或充满惰性气体的退火炉内进行退火，退火温度450～510℃，保温时间1～20h，为了改善其后续的加工性能，应随炉冷却，冷却速度≤40℃/min；
步骤五、将退火后的材料进行拉丝至所需要的直径，为了提高材料表面质量，压缩率应小于等于85％；
步骤六、切割：将步骤五获得的铝合金杆材切割成所需长度；
步骤七、冷镦：对步骤六得到的材料进行镦锻，来获得螺栓头部；
步骤八、搓丝：对步骤七获得的材料进行表面搓丝，来获得螺栓的螺纹部分；
步骤九、时效处理：时效温度130～180℃，保温时间3～14小时，同时为了确保材料性能稳定性，随炉冷却1小时。
由于上述技术方案运用，本发明与现有技术相比具有下列优点：
1.本发明汽车紧固件用高强度铝合金杆，其在6000系铝合金成分基础上添加了铒0.05～0.5份、银0.05～0.4份。Er和Ag两种元素协同作用，可以提高材料的强度，并且能够提高强化相时效时析出的速率；另外，通过对含量的限定解决材料加入过量的Si及Zn引起的腐蚀性能降低的问题，同时能够避免材料因Zr引起的再熔现象。
2.本发明汽车紧固件用高强度铝合金杆的制备方法，其将拉丝的材料移至真空炉内或充满惰性气体的退火炉内进行退火，退火温度450～510℃，保温时间1～20h，改善了其后续的加工性能；其次，其对获得的螺栓进行时效处理，时效温度130～180℃，保温时间3～14小时，同时为了确保材料性能稳定性，随炉冷却1小时，这种热处理方式在保证抗拉强度的情况下，大大提高了合金的可加工性能。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步描述：
实施例1～4：一种汽车紧固件用高强度铝合金杆，所述高强度铝合金杆：
表1
Figure PCTCN2017112962-appb-000003
一种用于上述的汽车紧固件用高强度铝合金杆的制备方法，所述制备方法包括以下步骤获得：
步骤一、将纯度达99.85％的重熔铝锭93～96份、硅1.0～1.8份、镁0.8～1.4份、锰0.55～1.3份、钛0.01～0.3份、锌0.1～0.7份、锆0.1～0.3份、铒0.05～0.5份、银0.05～0.4份进行熔炼，对熔融铝液进行精炼，消除氢气和悬浮颗粒；
步骤二、对步骤一的熔融铝液进行铸造，浇铸采用钢带和轮型铜模组合的连铸机，该连铸机应采用四面扇形喷水冷却，水流量应大于等于10m3/h，且浇铸温度控制在695±3℃；
步骤三、对步骤二的铸造件进行轧制：采用与连铸机一起进行的连轧机，采用热轧和水淬，即确保进入轧机的温度控制在520～560℃，轧制完成后立刻用水将材料温度降至200℃以下；
步骤四、将步骤三的拉丝的材料移至真空炉内或充满惰性气体的退火炉内进行退火，退火温度450～510℃，保温时间1～20h，为了改善其后续的加工性能，应随炉冷却，冷却速度≤40℃/min；
步骤五、将退火后的材料进行拉丝至所需要的直径，为了提高材料表面质量，压缩率应小于等于85％；
步骤六、切割：将步骤五获得的铝合金杆材切割成所需长度；
步骤七、冷镦：对步骤六得到的材料进行镦锻，来获得螺栓头部；
步骤八、搓丝：对步骤七获得的材料进行表面搓丝，来获得螺栓的螺纹部分；
步骤九、时效处理：时效温度130～180℃，保温时间3～14小时，同时为了确保材料性能稳定性，随炉冷却1小时。
表2
Figure PCTCN2017112962-appb-000004
采用上述汽车紧固件用高强度铝合金杆及其制备方法时，其采用纯度达99.85％的重熔铝锭93～96份、硅1.0～1.8份、镁0.8～1.4份、锰0.55～1.3份、钛0.01～0.3份、锌0.1～0.7份、锆0.1～0.3份、并添加铒0.05～0.5份、银0.05～0.4份，使用本发明工艺路线的铝合金材料具有更高强度、耐晶间腐蚀性能；再次，其将拉丝的材料移至真空炉内或充满惰性气体的退火炉内进行退火，退火温度450～510℃，保温时间1～20h，改善了其后续的加工性能；再次，其对获得的螺栓进行时效处理，时效温度130～180℃，保温时间3～14小时，同时为了确保材料性能稳定性，随炉冷却1小时，保证抗拉强度的情况下，大大提高了合金的可加工性能。
上述实施例只为说明本发明的技术构思及特点，其目的在于让熟悉此项技术的人士能够了解本发明的内容并据以实施，并不能以此限制本发明的保护范围。凡根据本发明精神实质所作的等效变化或修饰，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范 围之内。

Claims (2)

  1. 一种汽车紧固件用高强度铝合金杆，其特征在于：所述高强度铝合金杆：
    Figure PCTCN2017112962-appb-100001
  2. 一种用于权利要求1所述的汽车紧固件用高强度铝合金杆的制备方法，其特征在于：所述制备方法包括以下步骤获得：
    步骤一、将纯度达99.85％的重熔铝锭93～96份、硅1.0～1.8份、镁0.8～1.4份、锰0.55～1.3份、钛0.01～0.3份、锌0.1～0.7份、锆0.1～0.3份、铒0.05～0.5份、银0.05～0.4份进行熔炼，对熔融铝液进行精炼，消除氢气和悬浮颗粒；
    步骤二、对步骤一的熔融铝液进行铸造，浇铸采用钢带和轮型铜模组合的连铸机，该连铸机应采用四面扇形喷水冷却，水流量应大于等于10m3/h，且浇铸温度控制在695±3℃；
    步骤三、对步骤二的铸造件进行轧制：采用与连铸机一起进行的连轧机，采用热轧和水淬，即确保进入轧机的温度控制在520～560℃，轧制完成后立刻用水将材料温度降至200℃以下；
    步骤四、将步骤三的拉丝的材料移至真空炉内或充满惰性气体的退火炉内进行退火，退火温度450～510℃，保温时间1～20h，为了改善其后续的加工性能，应随炉冷却，冷却速度≤40℃/min；
    步骤五、将退火后的材料进行拉丝至所需要的直径，为了提高材料表面质量，压缩率应小于等于85％；
    步骤六、切割：将步骤五获得的铝合金杆材切割成所需长度；
    步骤七、冷镦：对步骤六得到的材料进行镦锻，来获得螺栓头部；
    步骤八、搓丝：对步骤七获得的材料进行表面搓丝，来获得螺栓的螺纹部分；
    步骤九、时效处理：时效温度130～180℃，保温时间3～14小时，同时为了确保材料性能稳定性，随炉冷却1小时。
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