CN106834822A - 汽车紧固件用高强度铝合金杆及其制备方法 - Google Patents

汽车紧固件用高强度铝合金杆及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN106834822A
CN106834822A CN201710075237.XA CN201710075237A CN106834822A CN 106834822 A CN106834822 A CN 106834822A CN 201710075237 A CN201710075237 A CN 201710075237A CN 106834822 A CN106834822 A CN 106834822A
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aluminum alloy
alloy bar
parts
strength aluminum
automobiles
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贾伟
张军
马军
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Jiangsu Hengtong Electric Power Special Wire Co Ltd
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Jiangsu Hengtong Electric Power Special Wire Co Ltd
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Publication of CN106834822A publication Critical patent/CN106834822A/zh
Priority to SE1851392A priority patent/SE542312C2/en
Priority to PCT/CN2017/112962 priority patent/WO2018145503A1/zh
Priority to ZA2018/07651A priority patent/ZA201807651B/en
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C21/00Alloys based on aluminium
    • C22C21/02Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21BROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B1/00Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
    • B21B1/46Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling metal immediately subsequent to continuous casting
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21BROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B1/00Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
    • B21B1/46Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling metal immediately subsequent to continuous casting
    • B21B1/463Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling metal immediately subsequent to continuous casting in a continuous process, i.e. the cast not being cut before rolling
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22DCASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/001Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths of specific alloys
    • B22D11/003Aluminium alloys
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23PMETAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
    • B23P15/00Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C21/00Alloys based on aluminium
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C21/00Alloys based on aluminium
    • C22C21/06Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent
    • C22C21/08Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent with silicon
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22FCHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/02Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working in inert or controlled atmosphere or vacuum
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22FCHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/04Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22FCHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/04Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
    • C22F1/043Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with silicon as the next major constituent
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22FCHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/04Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
    • C22F1/047Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with magnesium as the next major constituent

Abstract

本发明公开一种汽车紧固件用高强度铝合金杆,所述高强度铝合金杆:纯度达99.85%的重熔铝锭93~96份、硅1.0~1.8份、镁0.8~1.4份、锰0.55~1.3份、钛0.01~0.3份、锌0.1~0.7份、锆0.1~0.3份、铒0.05~0.5份、银0.05~0.4份;步骤一、将纯度达99.85%的重熔铝锭、硅、镁、锰、钛、锌、锆、铒、银进行熔炼,对熔融铝液进行精炼,消除氢气和悬浮颗粒;步骤二、对步骤一的熔融铝液进行铸造,浇铸采用钢带和轮型铜模组合的连铸机,该连铸机应采用四面扇形喷水冷却,水流量应大于等于10m3/h,且浇铸温度控制在695±3℃。本发明汽车紧固件用高强度铝合金杆及其制备方法具有更高强度、抗晶间腐蚀。

Description

汽车紧固件用高强度铝合金杆及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于铝合金材料领域,尤其涉及一种汽车紧固件用高强度铝合金杆及其制备方法。
背景技术
在汽车轻量化背景下,发动机的铝制缸体逐渐发展起来,它通过减轻重量实现省油。在同等排量全铝发动机的发动机中,使用铝缸体发动机能减轻20公斤左右的重量,实现百公里油耗降低0.06-0.2L。
发动机轻量化的同时,从防腐和轻量化角度,用于固定发动机的紧固件也应使用铝合金材料(使用钢制螺栓容易发生电化学腐蚀)。目前,已知国外有用6000系铝合金加工高强度铝合金螺栓,强度不高,且在加工过程中容易开裂及出现晶间腐蚀。
发明内容
本发明是为了解决上述问题而完成的,目的在于获得一种具有良好加工性、高强度、耐晶间腐蚀性的铝合金。本发明为了达到上述目的,通过努力专研,发现在6000系铝合金成分的基础上添加了Er和Ag,并限制在特定范围内,能够实现本发明目的。
为达到上述目的,本发明采用的高强度铝合金杆技术方案是:一种汽车紧固件用高强度铝合金杆,所述高强度铝合金杆:
纯度达99.85%的重熔铝锭 93~96份,
硅 1.0~1.8份,
镁 0.8~1.4份,
锰 0.55~1.3份,
钛 0.01~0.3份,
锌 0.1~0.7份,
锆 0.1~0.3份,
铒 0.05~0.5份,
银 0.05~0.4份。
本发明采用的上述高强度铝合金杆的制备方法技术方案是:一种用于权利要求1所述的汽车紧固件用高强度铝合金杆的制备方法,其特征在于:所述制备方法包括以下步骤获得:
步骤一、将纯度达99.85%的重熔铝锭93~96份、硅1.0~1.8份、镁0.8~1.4份、锰0.55~1.3份、钛0.01~0.3份、锌0.1~0.7份、锆0.1~0.3份、铒0.05~0.5份、银0.05~0.4份进行熔炼,对熔融铝液进行精炼,消除氢气和悬浮颗粒;
步骤二、对步骤一的熔融铝液进行铸造,浇铸采用钢带和轮型铜模组合的连铸机,该连铸机应采用四面扇形喷水冷却,水流量应大于等于10m3/h,且浇铸温度控制在695±3℃;
步骤三、对步骤二的铸造件进行轧制:采用与连铸机一起进行的连轧机,采用热轧和水淬,即确保进入轧机的温度控制在520~560℃,轧制完成后立刻用水将材料温度降至200℃以下;
步骤四、将步骤三的拉丝的材料移至真空炉内或充满惰性气体的退火炉内进行退火,退火温度450~510℃,保温时间1~20h,为了改善其后续的加工性能,应随炉冷却,冷却速度≤40℃/min;
步骤五、将退火后的材料进行拉丝至所需要的直径,为了提高材料表面质量,压缩率应小于等于85%;
步骤六、切割:将步骤五获得的铝合金杆材切割成所需长度;
步骤七、冷镦:对步骤六得到的材料进行镦锻,来获得螺栓头部;
步骤八、搓丝:对步骤七获得的材料进行表面搓丝,来获得螺栓的螺纹部分;
步骤九、时效处理:时效温度130~180℃,保温时间3~14小时,同时为了确保材料性能稳定性,随炉冷却1小时。
由于上述技术方案运用,本发明与现有技术相比具有下列优点:
1. 本发明汽车紧固件用高强度铝合金杆,其在6000系铝合金成分基础上添加了铒0.05~0.5份、银0.05~0.4份。Er和Ag两种元素协同作用,可以提高材料的强度,并且能够提高强化相时效时析出的速率;另外,通过对含量的限定解决材料加入过量的Si及Zn引起的腐蚀性能降低的问题,同时能够避免材料因Zr引起的再熔现象。
2. 本发明汽车紧固件用高强度铝合金杆的制备方法,其将拉丝的材料移至真空炉内或充满惰性气体的退火炉内进行退火,退火温度450~510℃,保温时间1~20h,改善了其后续的加工性能;其次,其对获得的螺栓进行时效处理,时效温度130~180℃,保温时间3~14小时,同时为了确保材料性能稳定性,随炉冷却1小时,这种热处理方式在保证抗拉强度的情况下,大大提高了合金的可加工性能。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步描述:
实施例1~4:一种汽车紧固件用高强度铝合金杆,所述高强度铝合金杆:
表1
一种用于上述的汽车紧固件用高强度铝合金杆的制备方法,所述制备方法包括以下步骤获得:
步骤一、将纯度达99.85%的重熔铝锭93~96份、硅1.0~1.8份、镁0.8~1.4份、锰0.55~1.3份、钛0.01~0.3份、锌0.1~0.7份、锆0.1~0.3份、铒0.05~0.5份、银0.05~0.4份进行熔炼,对熔融铝液进行精炼,消除氢气和悬浮颗粒;
步骤二、对步骤一的熔融铝液进行铸造,浇铸采用钢带和轮型铜模组合的连铸机,该连铸机应采用四面扇形喷水冷却,水流量应大于等于10m3/h,且浇铸温度控制在695±3℃;
步骤三、对步骤二的铸造件进行轧制:采用与连铸机一起进行的连轧机,采用热轧和水淬,即确保进入轧机的温度控制在520~560℃,轧制完成后立刻用水将材料温度降至200℃以下;
步骤四、将步骤三的拉丝的材料移至真空炉内或充满惰性气体的退火炉内进行退火,退火温度450~510℃,保温时间1~20h,为了改善其后续的加工性能,应随炉冷却,冷却速度≤40℃/min;
步骤五、将退火后的材料进行拉丝至所需要的直径,为了提高材料表面质量,压缩率应小于等于85%;
步骤六、切割:将步骤五获得的铝合金杆材切割成所需长度;
步骤七、冷镦:对步骤六得到的材料进行镦锻,来获得螺栓头部;
步骤八、搓丝:对步骤七获得的材料进行表面搓丝,来获得螺栓的螺纹部分;
步骤九、时效处理:时效温度130~180℃,保温时间3~14小时,同时为了确保材料性能稳定性,随炉冷却1小时。
表2
采用上述汽车紧固件用高强度铝合金杆及其制备方法时,其采用纯度达99.85%的重熔铝锭93~96份、硅1.0~1.8份、镁0.8~1.4份、锰0.55~1.3份、钛0.01~0.3份、锌0.1~0.7份、锆0.1~0.3份、并添加铒0.05~0.5份、银0.05~0.4份,使用本发明工艺路线的铝合金材料具有更高强度、耐晶间腐蚀性能;再次,其将拉丝的材料移至真空炉内或充满惰性气体的退火炉内进行退火,退火温度450~510℃,保温时间1~20h,改善了其后续的加工性能;再次,其对获得的螺栓进行时效处理,时效温度130~180℃,保温时间3~14小时,同时为了确保材料性能稳定性,随炉冷却1小时,保证抗拉强度的情况下,大大提高了合金的可加工性能。
上述实施例只为说明本发明的技术构思及特点,其目的在于让熟悉此项技术的人士能够了解本发明的内容并据以实施,并不能以此限制本发明的保护范围。凡根据本发明精神实质所作的等效变化或修饰,都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (2)

1.一种汽车紧固件用高强度铝合金杆,其特征在于:所述高强度铝合金杆:
纯度达99.85%的重熔铝锭 93~96份,
硅 1.0~1.8份,
镁 0.8~1.4份,
锰 0.55~1.3份,
钛 0.01~0.3份,
锌 0.1~0.7份,
锆 0.1~0.3份,
铒 0.05~0.5份,
银 0.05~0.4份。
2.一种用于权利要求1所述的汽车紧固件用高强度铝合金杆的制备方法,其特征在于:所述制备方法包括以下步骤获得:
步骤一、将纯度达99.85%的重熔铝锭93~96份、硅1.0~1.8份、镁0.8~1.4份、锰0.55~1.3份、钛0.01~0.3份、锌0.1~0.7份、锆0.1~0.3份、铒0.05~0.5份、银0.05~0.4份进行熔炼,对熔融铝液进行精炼,消除氢气和悬浮颗粒;
步骤二、对步骤一的熔融铝液进行铸造,浇铸采用钢带和轮型铜模组合的连铸机,该连铸机应采用四面扇形喷水冷却,水流量应大于等于10m3/h,且浇铸温度控制在695±3℃;
步骤三、对步骤二的铸造件进行轧制:采用与连铸机一起进行的连轧机,采用热轧和水淬,即确保进入轧机的温度控制在520~560℃,轧制完成后立刻用水将材料温度降至200℃以下;
步骤四、将步骤三的拉丝的材料移至真空炉内或充满惰性气体的退火炉内进行退火,退火温度450~510℃,保温时间1~20h,为了改善其后续的加工性能,应随炉冷却,冷却速度≤40℃/min;
步骤五、将退火后的材料进行拉丝至所需要的直径,为了提高材料表面质量,压缩率应小于等于85%;
步骤六、切割:将步骤五获得的铝合金杆材切割成所需长度;
步骤七、冷镦:对步骤六得到的材料进行镦锻,来获得螺栓头部;
步骤八、搓丝:对步骤七获得的材料进行表面搓丝,来获得螺栓的螺纹部分;
步骤九、时效处理:时效温度130~180℃,保温时间3~14小时,同时为了确保材料性能稳定性,随炉冷却1小时。
CN201710075237.XA 2017-02-13 2017-02-13 汽车紧固件用高强度铝合金杆及其制备方法 Pending CN106834822A (zh)

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SE1851392A SE542312C2 (en) 2017-02-13 2017-11-24 High-Strength Aluminum Alloy Rod for Use in Vehicle Fastener and Manufacturing Method for the Rod
PCT/CN2017/112962 WO2018145503A1 (zh) 2017-02-13 2017-11-24 汽车紧固件用高强度铝合金杆及其制备方法
ZA2018/07651A ZA201807651B (en) 2017-02-13 2018-11-14 High-strength aluminum alloy rod for use in vehicle fastener and manufacturing method for the rod

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