WO2018137123A1 - 一种用于放射性治疗的定位头钉和一种立体定位装置 - Google Patents

一种用于放射性治疗的定位头钉和一种立体定位装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018137123A1
WO2018137123A1 PCT/CN2017/072394 CN2017072394W WO2018137123A1 WO 2018137123 A1 WO2018137123 A1 WO 2018137123A1 CN 2017072394 W CN2017072394 W CN 2017072394W WO 2018137123 A1 WO2018137123 A1 WO 2018137123A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
positioning
stud
head
tip
nail
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PCT/CN2017/072394
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English (en)
French (fr)
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高琪
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深圳市奥沃医学新技术发展有限公司
武汉数码刀医疗有限公司
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Application filed by 深圳市奥沃医学新技术发展有限公司, 武汉数码刀医疗有限公司 filed Critical 深圳市奥沃医学新技术发展有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2017/072394 priority Critical patent/WO2018137123A1/zh
Priority to US16/480,635 priority patent/US10881879B2/en
Priority to CN201780084439.9A priority patent/CN110248700A/zh
Publication of WO2018137123A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018137123A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
    • A61N5/10—X-ray therapy; Gamma-ray therapy; Particle-irradiation therapy
    • A61N5/1077—Beam delivery systems
    • A61N5/1084—Beam delivery systems for delivering multiple intersecting beams at the same time, e.g. gamma knives
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
    • A61N5/10—X-ray therapy; Gamma-ray therapy; Particle-irradiation therapy
    • A61N5/103—Treatment planning systems
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
    • A61N5/10—X-ray therapy; Gamma-ray therapy; Particle-irradiation therapy
    • A61N2005/1092—Details
    • A61N2005/1094—Shielding, protecting against radiation
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
    • A61N5/10—X-ray therapy; Gamma-ray therapy; Particle-irradiation therapy
    • A61N2005/1092—Details
    • A61N2005/1097—Means for immobilizing the patient
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
    • A61N5/10—X-ray therapy; Gamma-ray therapy; Particle-irradiation therapy
    • A61N2005/1092—Details
    • A61N2005/1098—Enhancing the effect of the particle by an injected agent or implanted device
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
    • A61N5/10—X-ray therapy; Gamma-ray therapy; Particle-irradiation therapy
    • A61N5/1048—Monitoring, verifying, controlling systems and methods
    • A61N5/1049—Monitoring, verifying, controlling systems and methods for verifying the position of the patient with respect to the radiation beam

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of radiotherapy devices, and more particularly to a positioning stud for radiotherapy and a stereotactic device.
  • radiotherapy technology has also matured, such as three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3DCRT), intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT), image guided radiotherapy (IGRT) and other precision radiotherapy technology treatment accuracy is also coming The higher.
  • 3DCRT three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy
  • IMRT intensity-modulated radiotherapy
  • IGRT image guided radiotherapy
  • a stereotactic stud is a component that is used for direct contact with the skin for contact, fixation, and positioning during radiotherapy.
  • the existing stereo positioning head nails meet the strength requirements for the treatment accuracy.
  • the head nails and the components connected thereto are generally made of titanium alloy material. Therefore, when the CT scan is performed, the stereo positioning head nails are under an alternating magnetic field, and the head nails generate an instant. Alternating current and heat, the temperature is too high and burns the patient's skin, causing great harm to the patient.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a positioning nail for radiotherapy and a stereo positioning device, which can prevent the tip of the positioning nail from generating an alternating current due to the alternating magnetic field and the tip temperature is too high and burns.
  • the patient's scalp ensures the safety of the treatment process.
  • a technical solution adopted by the present invention is to provide a positioning head nail for radiotherapy, comprising: a head nail rod, a nail nail tip and an insulation component; the insulation component is connected to the head nail rod and the head nail Between the tips, to block the contact between the head shank and the tip of the stud.
  • the insulating component is an electrically insulating gasket.
  • the electrically insulating gasket is bonded, welded or plugged with the tip shank and the tip of the stud. Make a connection.
  • first connecting portion is respectively disposed on the opposite surfaces of the electrically insulating gasket
  • second connecting portion is respectively disposed on the surface of the head nail rod and the nail nail tip connected to the electric insulating gasket, and the second connecting portion is connected to the first connection
  • the departments are connected to each other.
  • the first connecting portion is a convex step and/or a recessed hole
  • the second connecting portion is a corresponding recessed hole and/or a raised step
  • the protruding steps are inserted into the recessed holes in an interference fit for connection.
  • the protruding step is provided with a thread, and the threaded internal thread provided on the step of the protrusion in the recessed hole is connected by a threaded fit.
  • the insulating component is an insulating sleeve, and a protruding step or a concave hole is arranged at one end of the head nail bar contacting the insulating component, and a concave hole or a convex step is arranged correspondingly at an end of the tip end of the nail contacting the insulating component, the insulating sleeve Place on the raised steps.
  • the outer side of the insulating sleeve is provided with a thread, and an internal thread is arranged in the concave hole provided at the tip end of the head nail or the nail, and the thread is matched for connection.
  • the outer side of the head nail rod is provided with a connecting member for connecting to the stereo positioning device.
  • the connecting member is threaded, and at the same time, the internal thread is arranged at a position where the stereo positioning device is connected with the positioning head nail, and is connected with the stereo positioning device by screwing.
  • the connecting piece is a velvet belt or a hook belt of a Velcro, and at the same time, a hook band or a velvet belt of a corresponding Velcro is arranged at a position where the stereo positioning device is connected with the positioning head nail, so that the positioning head nail and the stereo positioning device are performed. connection.
  • the insulating component is made of one of engineering materials PEEK, PPSU or ceramic.
  • the present invention adopts a technical solution to provide a stereo positioning device, including a ring connecting frame, and a positioning stud according to the foregoing technical solution.
  • the positioning head pin is fixedly connected to the positioning connecting frame.
  • the positioning connection frame comprises the same number of sliding rails as the positioning head nails, each sliding rail is vertically positioned to be arranged on the plane of the connecting frame, each sliding rail is connected with a slider sliding along the sliding rail, and the positioning head nail is fixedly connected to the sliding block.
  • a screw hole is arranged on the slider to cooperate with the thread of the head nail of the positioning head nail to connect Pick up.
  • the positioning head nail for radiotherapy of the present invention comprises a head nail rod, a nail head and an insulation component; and an insulation component is connected between the head nail rod and the nail nail tip to block the head nail rod and Contact of the tip of the stud.
  • the invention it is possible to prevent the tip of the positioning nail from generating an alternating current due to the action of the alternating magnetic field, and the temperature of the tip is too high to cause burns to the skin of the patient, thereby ensuring the safety of the treatment process.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a positioning staple for radiotherapy provided by the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of a connection of components for positioning a nail for radiotherapy provided by the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of another embodiment of a connection of various components of a positioning nail for radiotherapy provided by the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of another embodiment of a connection of components for positioning a nail for radiotherapy provided by the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of a positioning stud insulating component for radiotherapy provided as an insulating sleeve provided by the present invention
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of a positioning stud insulating component for radiotherapy provided by the present invention as a sleeve;
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of a stereo positioning device provided by the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a positioning staple for radiotherapy provided by the present invention
  • FIG. 2 to FIG. 4 is a positioning for radiotherapy provided by the present invention.
  • the studs use a structural schematic of different types of insulating components.
  • the positioning staple 100 for radiotherapy is typically used in radiotherapy procedures.
  • the specific location of the patient's lesion is marked, and the accurate three-dimensional coordinate system reconstruction of the human body is performed according to the image data, so that the radiation is accurately irradiated to the target, and the harm to other healthy parts of the patient is minimized.
  • the positioning stud 100 provided by the present application includes a stud 110 , an insulating component 120 , and a stud tip 130 .
  • the head nail 110 is used to connect to the stereo positioning device 101.
  • the stereotactic device (not shown) is a device for fixing and locating the contour of the lesion on the surface of the patient to determine the location of the radiation irradiation after the three-dimensional coordinate system is reconstructed on the patient's body during the radiotherapy treatment.
  • the stud tip 130 is in contact with the patient's skin for the location of the lesion, typically in the form of a cone, the bottom surface of which is coupled to the insulating assembly 120 and the apex is in contact with the patient's skin.
  • the insulating component 120 is connected between the stud 110 and the stud tip 130, and may be an electrically insulating gasket having a certain thickness.
  • the electrically insulating gasket may be hollow or solid, and the bottom surface of the cone-shaped stud tip 130 and A bottom surface of the cylindrical head stud 110 is connected. Both the stud tip 130 and the head shank 110 use a titanium alloy material.
  • An electrically insulating gasket is disposed between the ejector pin 110 and the stud tip 130 for blocking the connection between the ejector pin 110 and the stud tip 120.
  • the stud tip 130 and the stud 110 of the positioning stud 100 are integrated.
  • the scan setting applies an alternation within the range of the stereotactic device 101. magnetic field.
  • the positioning head nail of titanium alloy generates heat due to the instantaneous alternating current generated by electromagnetic induction under the action of the alternating magnetic field.
  • the titanium alloy has excellent thermal conductivity, and the tip of the nail head generates a high temperature and contacts with the surface of the patient. It can cause damage to the skin of the patient's body surface, so the user experience is poor.
  • the insulating member 120 is disposed between the stud tip 130 and the head shank 110.
  • the head shank 110 generates heat due to the generation of an alternating current, but the current cannot be transmitted due to the partition of the insulating member 120.
  • the temperature of the stud tip 130 is almost constant, so that it does not cause damage to the patient's skin, facilitates the continuous progress of the treatment process, and has a high user experience.
  • the electrically insulating spacer as the insulating member 120 is connected to the stem shank 110 and the stud tip 130 by bonding, welding or plugging.
  • the head shank 110, the electrically insulating spacer and the stud tip 130 are sequentially bonded by using a strong glue; or the head shank 110, the electrically insulating spacer and the stud tip 130 are sequentially connected by welding.
  • convex steps and/or recessed holes may be provided on the surfaces on which the three are connected, and the connections are made by plugging.
  • the surface of the electrically insulating spacer as the insulating component 120 of FIG. 2 is provided with a convex step on the surface connected to the head nail 110, and a concave hole is provided on the surface connected to the nail tip 130, and
  • the surface of the stud 110 connected to the electrically insulating spacer is correspondingly provided with a recessed hole, and a raised step is correspondingly provided on the surface of the stud tip 130 connected to the insulating component 120.
  • the electrically insulating gasket can be configured as a hollow pipe, which is made of an insulating material, and the two ends of the pipe opening are respectively provided with internal threads, and at the same time, the head nail 110 and the stud tip 130 and the electric insulating pad
  • the position of the sheet contact is set to a thread that cooperates with the internal thread of the hollow pipe of the electrically insulating gasket, and the head shank 110 and the stud tip 130 are connected by a threaded fit and an electrically insulating gasket.
  • the hollow pipe has a certain length, and after the head shank 110 and the stud tip 130 are screwed to the insulation assembly 120, the two are not in contact to prevent current or heat transfer between each other.
  • the above-mentioned convex step and the corresponding recessed hole are connected by an interference fit.
  • the shaft diameter (protruding step) that is usually paired is larger than the hole diameter (recessed hole), and must be squeezed in with a special tool, or the hole (recessed hole) can be utilized by the characteristics of thermal expansion and contraction. Heating, the diameter of the crucible is enlarged, and it is quickly placed on the shaft. After cooling and shrinking, the parts are tightly integrated.
  • the thread may be provided on the convex step, and at the same time, the internal thread corresponding to the thread of the convex step of the corresponding connecting surface is disposed in the corresponding concave hole, and the thread is matched by the thread.
  • the connection between the head shank 110, the electrically insulating spacer and the stud tip 130 is now available.
  • the glue can be bonded at the same time to make the connection of the three strong.
  • the electrical insulating gasket is made of engineering material PEEK, PPSU or ceramic.
  • the above materials have high insulation and low thermal conductivity, which can minimize the heat conduction to the nail tip 130 and cause damage to the patient.
  • the insulating component 120 is an insulating sleeve.
  • a protruding step or a recessed hole is provided at one end of the stud rod 110 connected to the insulating component 120
  • a concave hole or a convex step is respectively provided at an end of the stud tip 130 connected to the insulating component 120, and the convex portion is convex.
  • the step is a cylindrical shape
  • the concave hole is a cylindrical hole that coincides with the convex step.
  • a step is provided at one end of the stud rod 110 connected to the insulating component 120, and a recessed hole is provided at an end of the stud tip 130 connected to the insulating component 120, and the insulating sleeve is placed in the setting.
  • the protruding step of the sleeve insulating sleeve is fixedly connected with the recessed hole provided at one end of the tip end 130 of the nail by an interference fit.
  • a thread is provided on the surface of the insulating sleeve, and an internal thread matching the thread is disposed inside the recess provided at one end of the tip end 130, and the protruding step and the recess are fixedly connected by screwing.
  • the raised step and the recessed hole may be fixedly connected by a strong glue.
  • the protruding step may compress the air at the bottom of the insulating sleeve, and when the positioning nail 100 is in a high temperature environment, the gas is thermally expanded, possibly The connection position of the raised step and the insulating sleeve moves. Therefore, the vent hole 121 is provided at the bottom of the insulating sleeve so that the air in the insulating sleeve is discharged when the protruding step is placed in the insulating sleeve.
  • the insulating sleeve is a sleeve.
  • the length of the insulating sleeve is greater than the length of the raised step to prevent the raised step from contacting the recessed hole to conduct heat.
  • the positioning head nail for radiotherapy of the present invention comprises a head nail rod, a nail head and an insulation component; and an insulation component is connected between the head nail rod and the nail nail tip to block the head nail rod and Contact of the tip of the stud.
  • the invention it is possible to prevent the tip of the positioning nail from generating an alternating current due to the action of the alternating magnetic field, and the temperature of the tip is too high to cause burns to the skin of the patient, thereby ensuring the safety of the treatment process.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a stereo positioning device provided by the present invention.
  • the stereotactic device 200 includes a positioning attachment frame 210 and at least two positioning studs 220 as described in the previous embodiments.
  • the structure of the positioning head nail 220 is similar or even the same as that of the positioning head nail 100 described in the previous embodiment, and details are not described herein again.
  • the positioning connection frame 210 is generally provided in a ring structure and is made of a metal material.
  • the frame of the positioning connection frame 210 is set to be square or circular, and its side length or diameter can be changed according to the lesion size of the treatment subject.
  • the positioning connection frame 210 is set to be a square frame.
  • the positioning stud 220 is fixedly disposed at the position of each right angle of the square, and the stereo positioning device 200 includes four positioning studs 220.
  • a slide rail 211 is disposed at a right angle position of the positioning connection frame 210 of the square structure, and a slider 212 is disposed on the slide rail 211, and the slider 212 is movable on the slide rail 211 in a direction of a plane in which the vertical square positioning connection frame 210 is located.
  • one end of the slider 212 is provided with a screw hole, and an internal thread is disposed in the screw hole to cooperate with the thread provided on the head nail of the positioning head nail 220 to fix the positioning head nail 220 to the positioning connection frame 210.
  • the head shank of the positioning head pin 220 is attached to the positioning connection frame 210 by screwing or by a Velcro, and the structure is generally set to a cylindrical shape.
  • a thread is arranged on the outer side of the head nail rod, and an internal thread corresponding to the thread is disposed at a position where the positioning connecting frame 210 is connected to the head nail rod, and the positioning head nail 220 is connected to the positioning connection frame 210 by a threaded fit.
  • the square annular structure of the positioning connecting frame 210 is placed in an annular lesion position, such as a head or an arm, and the positioning head nail 220 is adjusted to the proper position by adjusting the position of the slider 212.
  • the affected skin is contacted for subsequent radiotherapy.
  • the stereo positioning device of the present invention comprises a positioning connection frame, and a positioning head nail according to the foregoing technical solution, and the positioning head nail is fixedly connected to the positioning connection frame. According to the present invention, it is possible to prevent the positioning tip of the tack from generating an alternating current due to the action of the alternating magnetic field and generating heat. The tip temperature is too high and burns the patient's skin to ensure the safety of the treatment process.

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Abstract

一种用于放射性治疗的定位头钉（100）和一种立体定位装置，定位头钉（100）包括头钉杆（110）、头钉尖端（130）及绝缘组件（120）；绝缘组件（120）连接于头钉杆（110）和头钉尖端（130）之间，用以阻隔头钉杆（110）和头钉尖端（130）的接触。该头钉能够避免定位头钉尖端（130）因交变磁场作用产生交变电流而发热时尖端温度过高而烫伤病人皮肤，保证治疗过程的安全。

Description

一种用于放射性治疗的定位头钉和一种立体定位装置 技术领域
本发明涉及放疗设备领域，特别是涉及一种用于放射性治疗的定位头钉和一种立体定位装置。
背景技术
随着计算机和影像技术的飞速发展，放射治疗技术也不断成熟，如三维适形放疗(3DCRT)、调强放疗(IMRT)、图像引导放疗(IGRT)等精确放射治疗技术的治疗精度也越来越高。为了保证放疗设备发射的射线准确地找到待治疗的肿瘤组织，进行精确放疗前，每个患者必须要对需要治疗的部位进行固定定位，使放射线准确的照射目标。
立体定位头钉是一种用于放射性治疗时，直接与皮肤接触进行接触、固定及定位的部件。现有的立体定位头钉为满足治疗精度的强度要求，头钉及与其连接固定的部件普遍采用钛合金材料制作，因此CT扫描时，立体定位头钉处于交变磁场下，头钉内部产生瞬时交变电流而发热，温度过高而烫伤病人皮肤，给病人带来了极大的伤害。
发明内容
本发明主要解决的技术问题是提供一种用于放射性治疗的定位头钉和一种立体定位装置，能够避免定位头钉尖端因交变磁场作用产生交变电流而发热时尖端温度过高而烫伤病人头皮，保证治疗过程的安全。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明采用的一个技术方案是：提供一种用于放射性治疗的定位头钉，包括：头钉杆、头钉尖端及绝缘组件；绝缘组件连接于头钉杆和头钉尖端之间，用以阻隔头钉杆和头钉尖端的接触。
其中，绝缘组件为电绝缘垫片。
其中，电绝缘垫片与头钉杆及头钉尖端以粘接、焊接或插接的方式 进行连接。
其中，电绝缘垫片的相对两个表面上分别设置第一连接部，头钉杆及头钉尖端与电绝缘垫片连接的表面上相应设置第二连接部，第二连接部与第一连接部相互连接。
其中，第一连接部是凸起的台阶和/或凹孔，第二连接部是对应的凹孔和/或凸起的台阶。
其中，凸起的台阶以过盈配合的方式插入凹孔内进行连接。
其中，凸起的台阶上设置螺纹，在凹孔内设置于凸起的台阶上的螺纹配合的内螺纹，通过螺纹配合进行连接。
其中，绝缘组件为一绝缘套，在头钉杆与绝缘组件接触的一端设置凸起的台阶或凹孔，在头钉尖端与绝缘组件接触的一端相应设置凹孔或凸起的台阶，绝缘套套置于凸起的台阶上。
其中，绝缘套外侧设置螺纹，在头钉杆或头钉尖端设置的凹孔内设置内螺纹，通过螺纹配合进行连接。
其中，头钉杆的外侧设置连接件，以连接到立体定位装置上。
其中，连接件为螺纹，同时在立体定位装置与定位头钉连接的位置设置内螺纹，通过螺纹配合与立体定位装置进行连接。
其中，连接件为尼龙搭扣的绒带或钩带，同时在立体定位装置与定位头钉连接的位置设置相应的尼龙搭扣的钩带或绒带，以使定位头钉与立体定位装置进行连接。
其中，绝缘组件的制作材料为工程材料PEEK、PPSU或陶瓷中的一种。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明采用的一个技术方案是：提供一种立体定位装置，包括环位连接框架，和如前述技术方案的定位头钉，定位头钉固定连接于定位连接框架上。
其中，定位连接框架包括与定位头钉数量相等的滑轨，每一滑轨垂直定位连接框架所在平面设置，每一滑轨连接一沿滑轨滑动的滑块，定位头钉固定连接滑块。
其中，滑块上设置螺孔，与定位头钉的头钉杆的螺纹配合以进行连 接。
区别于现有技术，本发明的用于放射性治疗的定位头钉包括头钉杆、头钉尖端及绝缘组件；绝缘组件连接于头钉杆和头钉尖端之间，用以阻隔头钉杆和头钉尖端的接触。通过本发明，能够避免定位头钉尖端因交变磁场作用产生交变电流而发热时尖端温度过高而烫伤病人皮肤，保证治疗过程的安全。
附图说明
图1是本发明提供的一种用于放射性治疗的定位头钉的结构示意图；
图2是本发明提供的一种用于放射性治疗的定位头钉各部件连接的一实施方式的结构示意图；
图3是本发明提供的一种用于放射性治疗的定位头钉各部件连接的另一实施方式的结构示意图；
图4是本发明提供的一种用于放射性治疗的定位头钉各部件连接的又一实施方式的结构示意图；
图5是本发明提供的一种用于放射性治疗的定位头钉绝缘组件为绝缘套的实施方式的结构示意图；
图6是本发明提供的一种用于放射性治疗的定位头钉绝缘组件为套筒的实施方式的结构示意图；
图7是本发明提供的一种立体定位装置的实施方式的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施方式对本发明的技术方案作进一步更详细的描述。显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动的前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都应属于本发明保护的范围。
参阅图1-图4，图1是本发明提供的一种用于放射性治疗的定位头钉的结构示意图；图2-图4是本发明提供的一种用于放射性治疗的定位 头钉使用不同类型绝缘组件的结构示意图。
该用于放射性治疗的定位头钉100通常应用于放射性治疗手术中。为了保证手术使用的放疗设备发射的射线准确地找到患者肿瘤组织的位置，进行精确放疗前，必须要对患者需要治疗的部位进行固定定位，进行CT模拟扫描，准确地提供患者体内的图像数据；同时对患者的病灶具体位置进行标记，根据图像数据对人体进行精确的三维坐标系重建，使放射线准确的照射目标，对患者其他健康部位的危害降到最小。
参照图1所示，本申请提供的定位头钉100包括头钉杆110、绝缘组件120及头钉尖端130。其中，参照图6所示，头钉杆110用于与立体定位装置101连接。立体定位装置(图未示)是在放射性治疗过程中，在对患者人体进行三维坐标系重建确定病灶位置后，在患者体表对病灶轮廓进行固定及定位以确定放射线照射位置的装置。头钉尖端130是与患者皮肤接触以进行病灶位置的定位，通常设置为圆锥体型，其底面与绝缘组件120连接，顶点与病患的皮肤接触。绝缘组件120连接于头钉杆110和头钉尖端130之间，可为具有一定厚度的电绝缘垫片，电绝缘垫片可设置为空心或实心，与圆锥体型的头钉尖端130的底面及圆柱体型的头钉杆110的一底面连接。头钉尖端130及头钉杆110均使用钛合金材料。电绝缘垫片设置于头钉杆110和头钉尖端130之间，用以阻隔头钉杆110和头钉尖端120间的连接。
现有技术中，定位头钉100的头钉尖端130及头钉杆110是一体的，在治疗过程中，如上述的CT模拟扫描时，扫描设置在立体定位装置101的范围内施加一交变磁场。钛合金材质的定位头钉在该交变磁场的作用下内部因电磁感应产生瞬时交变电流而发热，钛合金具有极佳的导热性，头钉尖端会产生较高温度，与患者体表接触时会对患者的体表皮肤造成伤害，因此其用户体验度较差。但在本发明中，在头钉尖端130及头钉杆110之间设置了绝缘组件120，此时头钉杆110因产生了交变电流而发热，但电流因绝缘组件120的隔断而无法传输到头钉尖端130上，头钉尖端130的温度几乎不变，因而不会对患者的皮肤造成伤害，便于治疗过程的持续进行，具有较高的用户体验度。
进一步，作为绝缘组件120的电绝缘垫片是通过粘接、焊接或插接的方式与头钉杆110及头钉尖端130进行连接。如使用强力胶水将头钉杆110、电绝缘垫片及头钉尖端130依次粘接；或者通过焊接的方式将头钉杆110、电绝缘垫片及头钉尖端130三者依次连接。同时还可在三者进行连接的表面上设置凸起的台阶和/或凹孔，以插接的方式进行连接。
如图2-图4所示，图2中作为绝缘组件120的电绝缘垫片上与头钉杆110连接的表面设置凸起的台阶，与头钉尖端130连接的表面设置凹孔，同时在头钉杆110与电绝缘垫片连接的表面相应设置凹孔，在头钉尖端130与绝缘组件120连接的表面相应设置凸起的台阶。图3中的作为绝缘组件120的电绝缘垫片上与头钉杆110及头钉尖端130连接的表面均设置凸起的台阶，同时在头钉杆110与电绝缘垫片连接的表面，以及头钉尖端130与电绝缘垫片连接的表面相应设置凹孔。图4中的作为绝缘组件120的电绝缘垫片上与头钉杆110连接的表面设置凹孔，与头钉尖端130连接的表面设置凸起的台阶，同时在头钉杆110与电绝缘垫片连接的表面相应设置凸起的台阶，在头钉尖端130与电绝缘垫片连接的表面相应设置凹孔。
在其他实施方式中，电绝缘垫片可设置为一空心管道，该空心管道为绝缘物质构成，其管道开口两端分别设置内螺纹，同时在头钉杆110和头钉尖端130与电绝缘垫片接触的位置设置与电绝缘垫片的空心管道内螺纹配合的螺纹，头钉杆110和头钉尖端130均通过螺纹配合的方式和电绝缘垫片连接。空心管道具有一定长度，头钉杆110和头钉尖端130与绝缘组件120通过螺纹连接后，二者并未接触，以防相互间有电流或热量的传递。
上述的凸起台阶和相应凹孔之间通过过盈配合的方式连接。过盈配合的方式中，通常相配对的轴径(凸起的台阶)要大于孔径(凹孔)，须采用特殊工具挤压进去，或利用热胀冷缩的特性，将孔(凹孔)加热，趁孔径扩大，迅速套到轴上，待冷却收缩后零件就紧紧配合成一体了。
在其他实施方式中，可在凸起台阶上设置螺纹，同时在相应凹孔设置与对应连接表面的凸起台阶的螺纹配合的内螺纹，通过螺纹配合，实 现头钉杆110、电绝缘垫片及头钉尖端130三者间的连接。在实际操作中，采用过盈配合或螺纹配合实现连接后，可同时使用强力胶水进行粘接，使三者连接牢固。
电绝缘垫片的制作材料为工程材料PEEK、PPSU或陶瓷，上述材料绝缘性高且导热性低，可最大限度避免热量传导到头钉尖端130上而对患者造成伤害。
在本发明的另一实施方式中，如图5所示，绝缘组件120为一绝缘套。在该实施方式中，在头钉杆110与绝缘组件120连接的一端设置凸起的台阶或凹孔，在头钉尖端130与绝缘组件120连接的一端相应设置凹孔或凸起的台阶，凸起台阶为圆柱体型，凹孔为与凸起台阶相吻合的圆柱体孔。参照图5所示，以在头钉杆110与绝缘组件120连接的一端设置凸起的台阶，在头钉尖端130与绝缘组件120连接的一端相应设置凹孔为例，将绝缘套套置于设置在头钉杆110一端的凸起的台阶上。将绝缘套套置于凸起的台阶上后，通过过盈配合的方式将套置绝缘套的凸起台阶与头钉尖端130一端设置的凹孔固定连接。或者在绝缘套表面设置螺纹，在头钉尖端130一端设置的凹孔内部设置与螺纹配合的内螺纹，通过螺纹配合而使凸起台阶和凹孔固定连接。再或者可通过强力胶水使凸起台阶和凹孔固定连接。在将绝缘套套置到凸起台阶上时，由于绝缘套与凸起台阶紧密结合，凸起台阶可能将空气在绝缘套底部压缩，当定位头钉100位于高温环境时，气体受热膨胀，可能使凸起台阶和绝缘套的连接位置发生移动。因此，在绝缘套底部位置设置通气孔121，以使在将凸起台阶套置到绝缘套中时，将绝缘套内的空气排出。本申请另一实施例中，如图6所示，绝缘套为套筒。再一种可选的方式，使得绝缘套的长度大于凸起台阶的长度，以防止凸起台阶与凹孔接触而导热。当立体定位装置101处于磁场环境时，定位头钉100连接立体定位装置101，立体定位装置101在磁场作用下产生瞬间强电流。但是通过设置绝缘套，因为绝缘套的绝缘作用，在头钉杆110和头钉尖端130连接时经过绝缘套隔离，头钉尖端130不会因电流作用而产生高温，不会对患者造成伤害。
区别于现有技术，本发明的用于放射性治疗的定位头钉包括头钉杆、头钉尖端及绝缘组件；绝缘组件连接于头钉杆和头钉尖端之间，用以阻隔头钉杆和头钉尖端的接触。通过本发明，能够避免定位头钉尖端因交变磁场作用产生交变电流而发热时尖端温度过高而烫伤病人皮肤，保证治疗过程的安全。
参阅图7，图7是本发明提供的一种立体定位装置的实施方式的结构示意图。该立体定位装置200包括定位连接框架210和至少2个如前述实施方式所述的定位头钉220。其中，定位头钉220的结构与前一实施方式所述的定位头钉100相似甚至相同，不再赘述。
定位连接框架210为通常设置为环状结构，采用金属材质制成。定位连接框架210的框架设置为正方形或圆形，其边长或直径可根据治疗对象的病灶规模进行变更。在本实施方式中，设定定位连接框架210为正方形的框架。在正方形的各个直角的位置固定设置定位头钉220，则该立体定位装置200包括4个定位头钉220。在正方形结构的定位连接框架210的直角位置设置滑轨211，在滑轨211上设置滑块212，滑块212可在滑轨211上沿垂直正方形的定位连接框架210所在的平面的方向移动。其中，滑块212的一端设置螺孔，螺孔内设置内螺纹，可与定位头钉220的头钉杆上设置的螺纹配合，以将定位头钉220固定连接到定位连接框架210上。定位头钉220的头钉杆通过螺纹配合或者通过尼龙搭扣的方式连接安装于定位连接框架210上，其结构通常设置为圆柱体型。具体的，在头钉杆的外侧设置螺纹，在定位连接框架210连接头钉杆的位置设置与螺纹相对应的内螺纹，通过螺纹配合将定位头钉220连接到定位连接框架210上。
在治疗过程中，将定位连接框架210的正方形环状结构套置于环状的病灶位置，如头部或手臂，通过调节滑块212的位置，使定位头钉220到达合适的位置，与病患的皮肤接触，从而进行后续的放射性治疗。
区别于现有技术，本发明的立体定位装置包括定位连接框架，和如前述技术方案的定位头钉，定位头钉固定连接于定位连接框架上。通过本发明，能够避免定位头钉尖端因交变磁场作用产生交变电流而发热时 尖端温度过高而烫伤病人皮肤，保证治疗过程的安全。
以上所述仅为本发明的实施方式，并非因此限制本发明的专利范围，凡是利用本发明说明书及附图内容所作的等效结构或等效流程变换，或直接或间接运用在其他相关的技术领域，均同理包括在本发明的专利保护范围内。

Claims (13)

  1. 一种用于放射性治疗的定位头钉，其特征在于，包括：
    头钉杆、头钉尖端及绝缘组件；所述绝缘组件连接于所述头钉杆和所述头钉尖端之间，用以阻隔所述头钉杆和所述头钉尖端的接触。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的用于放射性治疗的定位头钉，其特征在于，所述绝缘组件为电绝缘垫片。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的用于放射性治疗的定位头钉，其特征在于，所述电绝缘垫片与所述头钉杆及所述头钉尖端以粘接、焊接或插接的方式进行连接。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的用于放射性治疗的定位头钉，其特征在于，所述电绝缘垫片的相对两个表面上分别设置第一连接部，所述头钉杆及所述头钉尖端与所述电绝缘垫片连接的表面上相应设置第二连接部，所述第二连接部与所述第一连接部相互连接。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的用于放射性治疗的定位头钉，其特征在于，所述第一连接部是凸起的台阶和/或凹孔，所述第二连接部是对应的凹孔和/或凸起的台阶。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的用于放射性治疗的定位头钉，其特征在于，所述凸起的台阶以过盈配合的方式插入所述凹孔内进行连接。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的用于放射性治疗的定位头钉，其特征在于，所述凸起的台阶上设置螺纹，在所述凹孔内设置于所述凸起的台阶上的螺纹配合的内螺纹，通过螺纹配合进行连接。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的用于放射性治疗的定位头钉，其特征在于，所述绝缘组件为一绝缘套或套筒，在所述头钉杆与所述绝缘组件接触的一端设置凸起的台阶或凹孔，在所述头钉尖端与所述绝缘组件接触的一端相应设置凹孔或凸起的台阶，所述绝缘组件套置于所述凸起的台阶上。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的用于放射性治疗的定位头钉，其特征在于，所述绝缘套外侧设置螺纹，在所述头钉杆或所述头钉尖端设置的凹孔内 设置内螺纹，通过螺纹配合进行连接。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的用于放射性治疗的定位头钉，其特征在于，所述头钉杆的外侧设置连接件，以连接到立体定位装置上。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的用于放射性治疗的定位头钉，其特征在于，所述绝缘组件的制作材料为工程材料聚醚醚酮、聚亚苯基砜树脂或陶瓷中的一种。
  12. 一种立体定位装置，包括定位连接框架，其特征在于，还包括至少2个如权利要求1-13所述的定位头钉，所述定位头钉固定连接于所述定位连接框架上。
  13. 根据权利要求14所述的立体定位装置，其特征在于，所述定位连接框架包括与所述定位头钉数量相等的滑轨，每一所述滑轨垂直所述定位连接框架所在平面设置，每一所述滑轨连接一沿所述滑轨滑动的滑块，所述定位头钉固定连接所述滑块。
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