WO2018131647A1

WO2018131647A1 - Window glass

Info

Publication number: WO2018131647A1
Application number: PCT/JP2018/000480
Authority: WO
Inventors: 浩輔田中; 徳田　健己
Original assignee: 日本板硝子株式会社
Priority date: 2017-01-11
Filing date: 2018-01-11
Publication date: 2018-07-19
Also published as: EP3570370B1; EP3570370A1; JP2018113587A; CN110168805A; EP3570370A4; JP6868396B2

Abstract

This window glass is provided with a glass plate, a pair of bus bars formed on the glass plate, a defogger having multiple horizontal heating wires linking the pair of bus bars, and an antenna formed on the glass plate. The antenna is provided with a first power supply unit, a first antenna element extending from the first power supply unit, a second power supply unit, and a second antenna element extending from the second power supply unit, and is configured from the first antenna element and the second antenna element so as to receive radio waves in the frequency range of a first medium. The first antenna element and the second antenna element are both capacitively coupled to the defogger.

Description

Window glass

The present invention relates to a window glass and a back door provided with the window glass.

A defogger for removing condensation or icing and an antenna for receiving predetermined radio waves may be provided on the surface of a vehicle window glass (in particular, rear glass) attached to an automobile. The defogger has a plurality of horizontal heating lines extending across the entire horizontal direction of the window glass. As an antenna, for example, a DAB antenna element for receiving DAB (Digital Audio Broadcasting; hereinafter referred to as “DAB”) broadcast may be used. In Patent Document 1, the DAB antenna element is used together with a defogger. Proposed windows for vehicles have been proposed. The DAB antenna element is capacitively coupled to the defogger, and the defogger is also used as a part of the antenna to improve reception performance.

International Publication No. 2016/190064

However, there is room for improvement in improving reception performance using defogger, and further improvement in reception performance has been demanded. Such a problem is not limited to DAB, but is common to other media reception. The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a window glass and a back door provided with the window glass that can further improve reception performance using a defogger and an antenna. .

A window glass according to the present invention is formed on a glass plate, a pair of bus bars formed on the glass plate, a defogger having a plurality of horizontal heating lines connecting the pair of bus bars, and the glass plate. An antenna, and the antenna includes a first feeding part, a first antenna element extending from the first feeding part, a second feeding part, and a second antenna element extending from the second feeding part, The first antenna element and the second antenna element are configured to receive radio waves in the frequency range of the first medium, and the first antenna element and the second antenna element are both capacitively coupled to the defogger. ing.

Note that “horizontal” in the present invention means a direction substantially parallel to the installation surface of the vehicle. Therefore, “horizontal” does not necessarily indicate a strict direction. For example, even if “horizontal” is referred to, it may not be strictly parallel to the installation surface of the vehicle but may be slightly inclined. The meaning of “horizontal” is the same in this specification.

In the window glass, the first antenna element and the second antenna element can be capacitively coupled at different portions of the defogger.

In the above window glass, the defogger has an auxiliary element extending from one of the horizontal heating lines, and either one of the first antenna element and the second antenna element is capacitively coupled to the auxiliary element. Can do.

In the window glass, the auxiliary element extends from the uppermost or lowermost horizontal heating line of the horizontal heating lines, and the defogger is at least the uppermost or lowermost part to which the auxiliary element is connected. A plurality of first vertical elements intersecting with the horizontal heating lines including a horizontal heating line may be provided, and a distance between the first vertical element and the auxiliary element may be 100 mm or less.

In the window glass, the defogger includes a second vertical element that is disposed closer to the first power feeding unit or the second power feeding unit than the first vertical element and intersects the plurality of horizontal heating lines, When the distance between the first vertical element and the second vertical element is L, the wavelength shortening rate of the glass plate is α, and the shortest wavelength corresponding to the frequency range of the first medium is λ, L ≦ α · λ / 2 Can be satisfied.

In the window glass, the second power feeding unit can be grounded.

In the window glass, the first medium may be DAB.

The back door according to the present invention includes any of the window glasses described above and a resin cover member that has a window opening to which the window glass is attached and supports the window glass.

According to the window glass according to the present invention, the reception performance can be further improved.

It is a front view of the rear glass of the automobile by which one embodiment of the window glass for vehicles concerning the present invention was mounted. It is a front view which shows the other example of the window glass which concerns on FIG. It is a figure which shows the model of the window glass which concerns on Example 1. FIG. It is a figure which shows the model of the window glass which concerns on the comparative example 1. FIG. It is a figure which shows the model of the window glass which concerns on the comparative example 2. FIG. 6 is a graph showing the reception performance of Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2; It is a figure which shows the model of the window glass which concerns on Example 2. FIG. 6 is a graph showing reception performance of Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Example 1. 6 is a graph showing the reception performance of Examples 2 to 8 and Comparative Example 1. It is a figure which shows the model of the window glass which concerns on Example 9. FIG. It is a figure which shows the model of the window glass which concerns on the comparative example 3. FIG. 10 is a graph showing the reception performance of Examples 1 and 9 and Comparative Example 3. It is a top view which shows the window glass which concerns on Example 10. FIG. 10 is a graph showing reception performance of Examples 9 and 10 and Comparative Example 3. It is a figure which shows the model of the window glass which concerns on Example 11. FIG. It is a graph which shows the receiving performance of Examples 10 and 11 and Comparative Example 3. 10 is a graph showing the reception performance of Examples 10, 12 to 14, and Comparative Example 3. It is a figure which shows the model of the window glass which concerns on Example 15. FIG. 10 is a graph showing reception performance of Examples 9, 10, and 15 and Comparative Example 3; It is a figure which shows the model of the window glass which concerns on Example 16. FIG. It is a figure which shows the model of the window glass which concerns on the comparative example 4. 10 is a graph showing reception performance of Examples 10 and 16 and Comparative Example 4; 10 is a graph showing the reception performance of Examples 16 and 17 and Comparative Example 4;

Hereinafter, an embodiment of a vehicle window glass according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a front view of a rear glass of an automobile to which a vehicle window glass according to the present embodiment is applied. In the following, for convenience of explanation, the vertical direction in FIG. 1 may be referred to as the vertical direction or the vertical direction, and the horizontal direction in FIG. This orientation does not limit the invention.

<1. Vehicle window glass>
As shown in FIG. 1, in a window glass for a vehicle according to the present embodiment, a defogger 2 and a DAB (Digital Audio Broadcast) antenna 3 are mounted on a glass plate 1. Hereinafter, each member will be described in order.

<1-1. Glass plate>
As the glass plate 1, a known glass plate for automobiles can be used. For example, as the glass plate 1, heat ray absorbing glass, general clear glass or green glass, or UV green glass may be used. However, such a glass plate 1 needs to realize visible light transmittance in accordance with the safety standards of the country where the automobile is used. For example, the solar radiation absorptivity and visible light transmittance can be adjusted to satisfy safety standards. Below, an example of a composition of clear glass and an example of a heat ray absorption glass composition are shown.

(Clear glass)
SiO ₂ : 70 to 73% by mass
Al ₂ O ₃ : 0.6 to 2.4% by mass
CaO: 7 to 12% by mass
MgO: 1.0 to 4.5% by mass
R ² O: 13 to 15% by mass (R is an alkali metal)
Total iron oxide converted to Fe ₂ O ₃ (T-Fe ₂ O ₃ ): 0.08 to 0.14% by mass

(Heat ray absorbing glass)
The composition of the heat-absorbing glass, for example, based on the composition of the clear glass, the proportion of the total iron oxide in terms of _{_{Fe 2 O 3 (T-Fe}} 2 O 3) and 0.4 to 1.3 wt%, CeO The ratio of ₂ is 0 to 2% by mass, the ratio of TiO ₂ is 0 to 0.5% by mass, and the glass skeleton components (mainly SiO ₂ and Al ₂ O ₃ ) are T-Fe ₂ O ₃ , CeO. _The composition can be reduced by an increase of ₂ and TiO ₂ .

In addition, the kind of glass plate 1 is not restricted to clear glass or heat ray absorption glass, According to embodiment, it can select suitably.

Such a glass plate 1 may be a laminated glass in which an intermediate film such as a resin is sandwiched between a plurality of glasses, in addition to a single glass plate. Whether the glass plate 1 is a single glass plate or a laminated glass (total thickness), for example, it is preferably 2 to 5 mm, more preferably 2.5 to 4.5 mm. It is preferably 3 to 4 mm. The wavelength shortening rate α of the glass plate is changed depending on the thickness of the glass plate, but is about 0.7 when a defogger, an antenna element, or the like is formed on one glass plate, for example. In the laminated glass in which the interlayer film is sandwiched by a single glass plate, it is about 0.5, but in more detail, it changes as follows depending on the frequency of the target broadcast wave and the thickness of the glass plate. To do. However, the wavelength shortening rate in the following Table 1 is an example, and may change depending on other conditions.

<1-2. Defogga>
Next, the defogger 2 will be described. As shown in FIG. 1, the defogger 2 is disposed in the vicinity of the center of the glass plate 1 in the vertical direction, and is formed so as to extend over the entire left and right direction of the glass plate 1. Specifically, the defogger 2 includes a pair of power supply bus bars 21 a and 21 b extending in the vertical direction along both side edges of the glass plate 1. Here, for convenience of explanation, the left bus bar is referred to as a first bus bar 21a, and the right bus bar is referred to as a second bus bar 21b. Between the bus bars 21a and 21b, a plurality of horizontal elements (horizontal heating lines) 22 are arranged in parallel at a predetermined interval, and heat supplied from the bus bars 21a and 21b generates antifogging heat. It is supposed to occur. The defogger 2 is provided with three vertical elements 41 to 43 extending in the vertical direction. Here, for convenience of explanation, the left vertical element is referred to as a left vertical element 41, the central vertical element is referred to as a central vertical element 42, and the right vertical element is referred to as a right vertical element 43. These vertical elements 41 to 43 are arranged such that the uppermost horizontal element (hereinafter referred to as the uppermost horizontal element) 221 and the lowermost horizontal element (hereinafter referred to as the lowermost horizontal element) intersect with all the horizontal elements 22. It extends so as to connect 222.

Further, the defogger 2 is provided with an auxiliary element 5 extending from the intersection 25 between the lowermost horizontal element 222 and the central vertical element 42. More specifically, the auxiliary element 5 has an L shape having a first portion 51 extending downward from the intersecting portion 25 and a second portion 52 extending horizontally from the lower end of the first portion 51 to the left side. Is formed. However, the position of the auxiliary element 5 can be adjusted, and the upper end of the first portion 51 can be arranged at any position in the horizontal direction of the lowermost horizontal element 222. However, it is preferable to connect to the intersection with any of the vertical elements 41 to 43. In particular, assuming that the intersection with the central vertical element 42 is the origin, it is preferable to connect the auxiliary element 5 within a range of 150 mm from the right side to 150 mm to the left side with this origin in between, 100 mm from the right side to 100 mm from the left side. More preferably, it is within the range.

Incidentally, a standing wave is always generated in the defogger 2, and the wavelength band of this standing wave is caused by the length of the horizontal element 22 of the defogger 2. When a DAB antenna 3 to be described later is disposed in the vicinity of the defogger 2 and this DAB antenna 3 is capacitively coupled to the defogger 2, the length of the horizontal element 22 is equal to the wavelength λ of the broadcast wave received by the antenna 3. It has been found by the inventors that the antenna 3 is affected by the standing wave generated in the defogger 2 if it is half, ie, an integral multiple of λ / 2 (where λ is the glass plate). Multiplied by the wavelength shortening rate). That is, if the radio wave received by the defogger 2 is excited as a standing wave that is half the frequency band of the DAB antenna 3 in the defogger 2, it is supplied from the defogger 2 to the DAB antenna 3 by capacitive coupling by the amount of the excited energy. The defogger 2 traps radio waves in the frequency band of the DAB antenna 3. As a result, it has been found that the reception sensitivity of the DAB antenna 3 is lowered. However, when the horizontal element 22 is divided by the vertical elements 41 to 43 as in this embodiment, the length of the divided horizontal element 22, that is, the bus bars 21 a and 21 b and the vertical elements 41 to 43. It was also found that the influence of the standing wave can be controlled due to the interval and the interval between the adjacent vertical elements 41 to 43, and as a result, it is possible to suppress the decrease in the reception sensitivity of the DAB antenna 3.

In addition, when a standing wave is generated and an integral multiple of the frequency corresponds to the DAB frequency band, the reception performance as an antenna is lowered, and the DAB antenna 3 does not function sufficiently. However, as described above, the interval between the bus bars 21a and 21b and the vertical elements 41 to 43 and the interval between the adjacent vertical elements 41 to 43 are adjusted, and the frequency of the standing wave is controlled, thereby improving the reception performance. A decrease can be prevented. This point will be discussed below.

Here, the horizontal interval between the first bus bar 21a and the left vertical element 41 is the first interval P1, the horizontal interval between the left vertical element 41 and the central vertical element 42 is the second interval P2, and the central vertical element 42 and the right The horizontal interval between the vertical elements 43 is referred to as a third interval P3, and the horizontal interval between the right vertical element 43 and the second bus bar 21b is referred to as a fourth interval P4. These intervals P are the intervals between the lower end portions.

Of these four intervals, if the minimum interval is Pmin, the wavelength range of the DAB broadcast wave by the DAB antenna 3 is λ ₁ to λ ₂ , and the wavelength shortening rate of the glass plate 1 is α, the following equation (1) The vertical elements 41 to 43 are preferably arranged so as to satisfy any one of (2).
_{Pmin <α · λ 1/2} (1)
_{P2 <α · λ 1/2} (2)

Note that the wavelength range corresponding to 170 to 240 MHz, which is the frequency range of DAB band III, is about 813 to 1147 mm (= αλ) in consideration of the wavelength reduction rate of a general glass plate (α = 0.65). ₁ to αλ ₂ ).

Expression (1) indicates that the smallest interval Pmin among the intervals of the divided horizontal elements 22 is smaller than α · λ _1/2 . Therefore, when at least one of the plurality of intervals is smaller than α · λ _1/2, a decrease in reception performance of the DAB antenna due to the standing wave is suppressed.

Further, in the expression (2), P2 which is the distance between the central vertical element 42 to which the auxiliary element 5 is connected and the left vertical element 41 arranged on the DAB antenna 3 side is α · λ ₁ It is smaller than / 2. As will be described later, since the auxiliary element 5 greatly affects the reception performance, the adjustment of the distance P2 between the central vertical element 42 connected to the auxiliary element 5 and the left vertical element 41 on the DAB antenna 3 side of the auxiliary element 5 is not limited to the DAB antenna. 3 contributes to suppression of a decrease in reception performance.

<1-3. DAB antenna>
Next, the DAB antenna 3 will be described. The DAB antenna 3 according to the present embodiment is disposed below the defogger 2 in the glass plate 1. Specifically, a first power feeding unit 31 disposed between the first bus bar 21 a and the left vertical element 41 and a second power feeding unit 32 disposed on the right side of the first power feeding unit 31 are provided. . The DAB antenna 3 further includes a first antenna element 33 that extends to the right from the first power feeder 31 and a second antenna element 34 that extends to the right from the second power feeder 32.

The first power supply unit 31 and the second power supply unit 32 are connected to a DAB tuner (not shown), but can be connected by a coaxial cable (not shown), for example. In this case, the 1st electric power feeding part 31 is connected to the signal wire | line (core wire) of a coaxial cable, and the 2nd electric power feeding part 32 is connected to the ground line (external conductor) of a coaxial cable. However, this can be reversed. That is, the 1st electric power feeding part 31 can be connected to a ground line, and the 2nd electric power feeding part 32 can also be connected to a core wire.

The first antenna element 33 extends linearly along the lowermost horizontal element 222 of the defogger 2 and is capacitively coupled to the lowermost horizontal element 222. On the other hand, the second antenna element 34 extends along the second portion 52 above the second portion 52 of the auxiliary element 5 and is capacitively coupled to the auxiliary element 5. The distance S1 between the first antenna element 33 and the lowermost horizontal element 222 and the distance S2 between the second antenna element 34 and the second portion 52 of the auxiliary element 5 are 5 to 50 mm, respectively, in order to perform capacitive coupling. Is preferably 5 to 20 mm. Further, the distance S3 between the first power feeding unit 31 and the second power feeding unit 32 is preferably, for example, 5 to 50 mm.

DAB broadcast waves are received by the first antenna element 33 and the second antenna element 34 configured as described above.

<1-4. Material>
The defogger 2 and the DAB antenna 3 as described above can be formed by laminating a conductive material having conductivity on the surface of the glass plate 1 so as to have a predetermined linear pattern. Such a material is only required to have conductivity, and can be appropriately selected according to the embodiment. Examples thereof include silver, gold, and platinum. Each of the above members can be formed by printing and baking a conductive silver paste containing silver powder, glass frit and the like on the surface of the glass plate 1.

<1-5. Manufacturing method>
Next, the manufacturing method of the window glass which concerns on this embodiment is demonstrated. The glass plate 1 of the window glass according to the present embodiment can be formed by a press forming method in which the glass plate 1 is formed by pressing, a self-weight bending method in which the glass plate 1 is bent by its own weight, or the like.

Here, when the glass plate 1 is formed in each method, the glass plate 1 is heated to near the softening point in a heating furnace. Before being carried into the heating furnace, the glass plate 1 is formed in a flat plate shape, and the above-described paste for each material, for example, a silver paste is printed on the surface of the glass plate 1. Then, by bringing the glass plate 1 into the heating furnace, the glass plate 1 can be formed and the silver paste printed on the glass plate 1 can be fired to form the defogger 2 and the DAB antenna 3.

<2. Features>
The DAB antenna shown in the conventional example also has a first power feeding unit and a second power feeding unit, but these power feeding units are usually located at close positions. However, since the space problem and the length of each element need to be a length suitable for the medium, in the conventional example, only the first antenna element is capacitively coupled. That is, there was no technical idea of capacitively coupling both the first antenna element and the second antenna element. In particular, the rear glass is generally attached to a metal vehicle body or door, and the grounding wire side is connected to a metal vehicle body or the like (including direct coupling as well as capacitive coupling, the same applies hereinafter). Therefore, there has been no technical idea of capacitively coupling both the first and second antenna elements to the defogger.

In contrast, in the present embodiment, both the first antenna element 33 and the second antenna element 34 constituting the DAB antenna 3 are capacitively coupled to the defogger 2. Thereby, since a current flows from the defogger 2 to both the

antenna elements

33 and 34, the reception performance of the DAB antenna 3 can be improved.

Further, as described above, when the second antenna element 34 and the auxiliary element 5 are capacitively coupled, the auxiliary element 5 can also function as a receiving antenna, so that the DAB receiving performance can be improved. Furthermore, as will be described later, when the distance between the central vertical element 42 and the auxiliary element 5 is 100 mm or less, the vertical element can also function as a receiving antenna, so that the receiving performance can be further improved.

<3. Modification>
As mentioned above, although one Embodiment of this invention was described, this invention is not limited to the said embodiment, A various change is possible unless it deviates from the meaning. The following modifications can be combined as appropriate.

<3-1>
The position of the DAB antenna 3 is not particularly limited as long as it can be capacitively coupled to the defogger 2. Therefore, it may be near the center of the defogger 2 or above the defogger 2. Further, the shape and direction of each

antenna element

33, 34 are not particularly limited, and for example, both

antenna elements

33, 34 may be formed to face in opposite directions.

<3-2>
The shape and position of the auxiliary element 5 are not particularly limited, and may be other than the L-shape as described above. The position is as described above, but if it is connected to the bus bar 21a in the vicinity of the central vertical element 42 or on the side where the DAB antenna 3 is disposed, it contributes to the improvement of reception performance. Also, a plurality of auxiliary elements can be provided, and any one of them may be capacitively coupled to the second antenna element 34.

<3-3>
The positional relationship between the DAB antenna 3 and the auxiliary element 5 is not particularly limited. For example, in the above-described embodiment, the second antenna element 34 is disposed on the upper side of the auxiliary element 5, but may be on the lower side.

<3-4>
In the above embodiment, the first and

second antenna elements

33 and 34 are capacitively coupled to different positions of the defogger 2 including the auxiliary element 5, but the positions are not particularly limited. For example, the 1st electric power feeding part 31 and the 1st antenna element 33 and the 2nd electric power feeding part 32 and the 2nd antenna element 34 can also be arrange | positioned at the upper and lower sides of a defogger, respectively. Also, the first and

second antenna elements

33 and 34 can be capacitively coupled at the same location. However, if the first and

second antenna elements

33 and 34 are capacitively coupled at different locations of the defogger 2, currents flowing through the

antenna elements

33 and 34 can be increased, thereby improving reception performance. Further, when capacitive coupling is performed at different locations, the energy received by the entire defogger 2 can be efficiently supplied to the first power feeding unit 31 and the second power feeding unit 32. In addition, a different location means the case where the distance from the end of a capacitive coupling is 25 mm or more away, for example, it is preferable that it is 50 mm or more apart, and it is further more preferable that it is 100 mm or more apart.

<3-5>
The auxiliary element 5 is not always necessary. For example, as shown in FIG. 2, both the first and

second antenna elements

33 and 34 can be capacitively coupled to the lowermost horizontal element 222 of the defogger 2.

<3-6>
The number and position of the vertical elements provided in the defogger 2 are not particularly limited and can be changed as appropriate.

<3-7>
In the above embodiment, the DAB antenna 3 is provided as an aspect of the antenna of the present invention. However, the antenna of the present invention is applied to other media, that is, an antenna that receives broadcast waves such as FM. You can also. In the above embodiment, the DAB antenna is configured by the first antenna element and the second antenna element. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the DAB antenna and an antenna related to other media, for example, an FM antenna are used. Combined shared antennas can also be configured.

<3-8>
In the said embodiment, although the example which applied the window glass which concerns on this invention to the rear glass of a motor vehicle was shown, the vehicle to which this rear glass is attached may be made of resin or metal. For example, the window glass of this invention can be attached to the back door provided with the resin-made cover members which have the opening part for windows. Further, according to the present inventor, the vehicle or door to which the window glass is attached is capacitively coupled to the defogger 2 by both the core wire side antenna element and the ground wire side antenna element regardless of resin or metal. That is, in other words, it has been found that if the antenna element on the ground line side and the defogger 2 are capacitively coupled so that the defogger 2 functions as the ground, it is more effective than a direct connection with a metal vehicle body or the like.

<3-9>
Moreover, the window glass of this invention can also be applied to glass other than the rear glass of a motor vehicle.

Hereinafter, examples of the present invention will be described. However, the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

FIG. 3 is a window glass according to Example 1, and has the same configuration as FIG. 1 of the above embodiment. The unit of the dimension in FIG. 3 is mm. Note that dimensions not described in other drawings are the same as those described in previous drawings. Drawings subsequent to FIG. 4 and window glasses according to all examples and comparative examples including this example 1 were evaluated by actually measuring reception performance in DAB band III (174 to 240 MHz) under the following conditions.

That is, in the anechoic chamber, DAB band III radio waves are radiated to the vehicle on which the rear glass according to each of the examples and the comparative examples is attached, and each broadcast wave is received by each rear glass DAB antenna. The sensitivity of the DAB antenna was measured. For measuring the sensitivity of each DAB antenna, a network analyzer (manufactured by Agilent, model plate: E-5071C) was used. Specific conditions for the measurement are as follows.

・ Glass plate mounting angle: 62 ° tilted at the lower edge in the vertical direction, 54 ° tilted at the central point in the vertical direction, and 45 ° tilted at the upper side in the vertical direction with respect to the horizontal direction. Measure the vehicle by rotating it 360 degrees every 3 degrees ・ Frequency resolution: Measure every 3 MHz in the range of 174 MHz to 240 MHz ・ Elevation angle between radio wave transmission position and antenna: 1.7 degrees (the ground and horizontal direction are 0 degrees, The zenith direction is 90 degrees)
The sensitivity of each DAB glass antenna was defined as a relative gain (dBd) based on a half-wave dipole antenna. No amplifier was provided between the receiver and each DAB glass antenna, and a through cable was used.

In the other examples and comparative examples described later, the dimensions of the defogger are the same as those in the first example. Other dimensions will be described later, but those not described are the same as the above dimensions. Unless otherwise specified, it is assumed that the first feeder is connected to the core wire of the coaxial cable, and the second feeder is connected to the ground line of the coaxial cable.

<1. Evaluation 1>
Hereinafter, the reception performance of Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 will be examined. As shown in FIG. 3, Example 1 has the same configuration as the above embodiment. Although FIG. 4 shows the comparative example 1, it is the presence or absence of an auxiliary element that the comparative example 1 differs from Example 1, and the auxiliary element is not provided in the comparative example 1. FIG. FIG. 5 shows a comparative example 2. The comparative example 2 is different from the first embodiment in the direction of the auxiliary element, and the second portion of the adjustment element faces the right side. Therefore, the auxiliary element and the second antenna element are not capacitively coupled. Further, the second antenna is not capacitively coupled to other parts of the defogger.

The reception performance in the DAB frequency range in the above Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 was calculated as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 6, the first example shows higher reception performance in almost all frequency ranges than the first and second comparative examples. In particular, in the frequency range of about 200 MHz or less, the reception performance is particularly higher than those of Comparative Examples 1 and 2. Therefore, it has been found that the reception performance is improved when both of the two antenna elements are capacitively coupled to the defogger. The average reception sensitivity in the DAB frequency range was -5.9 dBd in Example 1, -7.8 dBd in Comparative Example 1, and -7.8 dBd in Comparative Example 2.

<2. Evaluation 2>
Example 2 shown in FIG. 7 was prepared. In the second embodiment, unlike the first embodiment, the second portion of the auxiliary element is formed so as to pass above the second antenna element. Other configurations are the same as those in the first embodiment.

Then, the reception performance of the second embodiment is shown in FIG. 8 together with the first embodiment and the first comparative example. As shown in FIG. 8, Example 2 showed higher reception performance than Comparative Example 1, and further showed almost the same reception performance as Example 1. Therefore, it has been found that the reception performance is substantially the same regardless of whether the auxiliary element is arranged on the upper side or the lower side with respect to the second antenna element. The average reception sensitivity in the DAB frequency range of Example 2 was −6.0 dBd.

<3. Evaluation 3>
In the following, the connection position between the auxiliary element and the lowermost horizontal element was evaluated. In Example 2, the first part of the auxiliary element is connected to the intersection of the central vertical element and the lowermost horizontal element. As shown in Table 1 below, the connecting position is located on the right side or the left side from this position. Examples 3 to 9 were prepared, and the reception performance was calculated. In the table below, the connection position is shown with the intersection between the central vertical element and the lowermost horizontal element as the origin, the left side from this point as minus and the right side as plus.

The results are as shown in FIG. As shown in the figure, each of Examples 2 to 8 shows substantially better reception performance than Comparative Example 1. In particular, the reception performance is better when the connection position of the auxiliary element is closer to the central vertical element. From the above, it was found that good reception performance can be obtained if the auxiliary element is connected at least within a position of ± 150 mm from the central vertical element. The average reception sensitivity in the DAB frequency range is -6.6 dBd in Example 3, -6.1 dBd in Example 4, -5.9 dBd in Example 5, and -6.2 dBd in Example 6. Example 7 was -6.5 dBd and Example 8 was -6.8 dBd.

<4. Evaluation 4>
Example 9 and Comparative Example 3 were evaluated. The ninth embodiment shown in FIG. 10 differs from the first embodiment in the position of the DAB antenna. That is, in Example 9, the 1st electric power feeding part was arrange | positioned in the right side vicinity of the 1st site | part of an auxiliary element, and the 2nd electric power feeding part was arrange | positioned on the left side of this 1st electric power feeding part. The first antenna element connected to the first power feeding portion extends to the left side and is capacitively coupled to the lowermost horizontal element. On the other hand, the 2nd antenna element connected to the 2nd electric power feeding part is extended on the left side along this 2nd site | part above the 2nd site | part of an auxiliary element. Thereby, the second antenna element is capacitively coupled to the auxiliary element.

On the other hand, Comparative Example 3 is different from Example 9 in that an auxiliary element is not provided as shown in FIG. Therefore, the first antenna element of Comparative Example 3 is capacitively coupled to the lowermost horizontal element, but the second antenna element is not capacitively coupled to the lowermost horizontal element.

The reception performance was calculated for Example 9 and Comparative Example 3 above. Moreover, it contrasted also with Example 1 from which the position of an electric power feeding part and the direction of an antenna element differ. The results are as shown in FIG. As shown in the figure, when Example 1 and Example 9 are compared, Example 1 and Example 9 have higher reception performance at a frequency of about 210 MHz or higher, but both Example 1 and Example 9 are better than Comparative Example 3. The reception performance was generally high. Therefore, from Examples 1 and 9, it was found that the reception performance was improved when each power feeding unit and the antenna element extending therefrom were separated from the auxiliary element. Further, as described above, the first embodiment has a higher reception performance than the ninth embodiment at a frequency of about 210 MHz or higher, but the frequency range where such an effect can be expected is “the position of the power feeding unit” and “the vertical element. Since various lengths, “capacitive coupling lengths”, and the like are conceivable, the reception performance in a desired frequency region can be improved by appropriately changing these. On the other hand, only one of the comparative examples 3 is capacitively coupled, and the performance is poor because no auxiliary element is provided. The average reception sensitivity in the DAB frequency range was −6.6 dBd in Example 9 and −7.7 dBd in Comparative Example 3.

<5. Evaluation 5>
Example 10 in which the connecting position of the auxiliary element is different from Example 9 was prepared. As shown in FIG. 13, in the tenth embodiment, the first portion of the auxiliary element is connected to the vicinity of the lower end portion of the left first bus bar (specifically, 50 mm from the first bus bar to the right), and the second portion. Were connected so as to extend from the lower end of the first part to the right side. The other configurations related to the antenna are the same as those in the ninth embodiment.

The reception performance was calculated for Example 10 above. Moreover, it compared with Example 9 from which the connection position of an auxiliary element differs, and the comparative example 3 in which the auxiliary element is not provided. The results are as shown in FIG. Comparing the ninth and tenth embodiments, the ninth embodiment has higher reception performance than the tenth embodiment in a frequency range smaller than about 200 MHz, but the tenth embodiment has a higher reception performance in a frequency range larger than about 200 MHz. it was high. In addition, all of Examples 9 and 10 showed substantially higher reception performance than Comparative Example 3. The average reception sensitivity in the DAB frequency range of Example 10 was −6.1 dBd.

<6. Evaluation 6>
Example 11 shown in FIG. 15 was prepared. In the tenth embodiment, the second antenna element is configured to pass above the second portion of the auxiliary element. In the eleventh embodiment, the first portion of the auxiliary element is shortened to the lower side of the second portion. The second antenna element is configured to pass through.

FIG. 16 shows the reception performance of Example 10, Example 11, and Comparative Example 3. According to the figure, it was found that the receiving performance of Example 10 was generally higher than that of Example 11. However, both Examples 10 and 11 showed substantially higher reception performance than Comparative Example 1. Therefore, it was found that when the auxiliary element is connected to the left bus bar, the second antenna element is generally higher in reception performance when it is arranged on the upper side than the auxiliary element.

<7. Evaluation 7>
In the following, the connection position between the auxiliary element and the lowermost horizontal element was evaluated. In Example 10, the first part of the auxiliary element is connected in the vicinity of the left bus bar. However, as shown in Table 3 below, Examples 12 to 14 are obtained by changing the connection position of the first part of the auxiliary element. And the reception performance was calculated. In the following table, the connection position is shown with the left bus bar as the origin and the right side as a plus from here.

Results are as shown in FIG. As shown in the figure, the twelfth embodiment in which the auxiliary element connection position is 50 mm from the left bus bar shows substantially the same reception performance as the tenth embodiment. However, as in Examples 13 and 14, it was found that when the connection position is more than 100 mm away from the left bus bar, the reception performance varies depending on the frequency. The average reception sensitivity in the DAB frequency range is -7.0 dBd in Example 12, -6.6 dBd in Example 13, -7.1 dBd in Example 14, and -7.7 dBd in Comparative Example 3. It was. Therefore, the average reception performance of Examples 13 and 14 was higher than that of Comparative Example 3 without the auxiliary element.

In Examples 3 to 8 described above, it was found that good reception performance can be obtained if an auxiliary element is connected at least within a position of ± 150 mm from the central vertical element. On the other hand, Examples 10 to 14 are 100 mm or less. Therefore, when these results are taken into consideration, it has been found that if the position of the auxiliary element is connected to a position of 100 mm or less from the vertical element or the bus bar, good reception sensitivity can be obtained.

<8. Evaluation 8>
Example 15 in which two auxiliary elements were provided was prepared. As shown in FIG. 18, in Example 15, in addition to Example 9, an auxiliary element connected to the left bus bar as in Example 10 is provided. The results are as shown in FIG. As shown in the figure, it was found that Example 15 having two auxiliary elements exhibited a reception performance substantially in the middle of Example 9 and Example 10 having one auxiliary element. The average reception sensitivity in the DAB frequency range was −6.6 dBd in Example 15.

<9. Evaluation 9>
Example 16 was prepared by changing the extending direction of the first antenna element from Example 10. As shown in FIG. 20, in the sixteenth embodiment, the first antenna element is extended to the right side, but the other points are the same as the tenth embodiment. Further, as shown in FIG. 21, Comparative Example 4 in which the auxiliary element was removed from Example 16 was prepared.

FIG. 22 shows the reception performance of Example 16, Example 10, and Comparative Example 4. In the figure, when Example 16 and Example 10 are compared, Example 10 showed higher reception performance than Example 16 in a frequency range of about 215 MHz or higher, but Example in a frequency range lower than that. It was almost the same as 16. Therefore, the reception performance did not change much even when the orientation of the first antenna element was changed. In addition, both Examples 16 and 10 showed substantially higher reception performance than Comparative Example 4. The average reception sensitivity in the DAB frequency range was −7.2 dBd in Example 16 and −8.7 dBd in Comparative Example 4.

<10. Evaluation 10>
Example 17 having the same antenna structure as Example 16 was prepared. However, in Example 17, the 1st electric power feeding part is connected to the ground wire, and the 2nd electric power feeding part is connected to the core wire. The results are as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 23, it was found that the reception performance of Example 17 was significantly reduced in the frequency range of about 225 MHz or more compared to Example 16. Therefore, it has been found that the reception performance is better when the core wire is connected to the first power feeding unit and the ground wire is connected to the second power feeding unit. The average reception sensitivity in the DAB frequency range was −7.0 dBd in Example 17.

1: Glass plate 2: Defogger 21a: Bus bar 21b: Bus bar 22: Horizontal element (horizontal heating wire)
3: DAB antenna 31: 1st electric power feeding part 32: 2nd electric power feeding part 33: 1st antenna element 34: 2nd antenna element

Claims

A glass plate,
A defogger having a pair of bus bars formed on the glass plate, and a plurality of horizontal heating lines connecting the pair of bus bars;
An antenna formed on the glass plate;
With
The antenna is
A first power feeding unit;
A first antenna element extending from the first power feeding section;
A second power feeding unit;
A second antenna element extending from the second feeding portion;
With
The first antenna element and the second antenna element are configured to receive radio waves in the frequency range of the first medium,
Both the first antenna element and the second antenna element are capacitively coupled to the defogger.
The window glass according to claim 1, wherein the first antenna element and the second antenna element are capacitively coupled at different portions of the defogger.
The defogger has an auxiliary element extending from any of the horizontal heating lines,
The window glass according to claim 1 or 2, wherein at least one of the first antenna element and the second antenna element is capacitively coupled to the auxiliary element.
The auxiliary element extends from the uppermost or lowermost horizontal heating line of the horizontal heating lines,
The defogger includes a first vertical element that intersects a plurality of the horizontal heating lines including at least the uppermost or lowermost horizontal heating line to which the auxiliary element is connected,
The window glass according to claim 3, wherein a distance between the first vertical element and the auxiliary element is 100 mm or less.
The defogger includes a second vertical element that is disposed closer to the first power feeding unit or the second power feeding unit than the first vertical element and intersects the plurality of horizontal heating lines.
When the distance between the first vertical element and the second vertical element is L, the wavelength shortening rate of the glass plate is α, and the shortest wavelength corresponding to the frequency range of the first medium is λ, L ≦ α · λ / The window glass according to claim 4, wherein 2 is satisfied.
The window glass according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the second power feeding unit is grounded.
The window glass according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the first medium is DAB.
A window glass according to any one of claims 1 to 7;
A resin cover member that has a window opening to which the window glass is attached and supports the window glass;
Equipped with a back door.