JP7296540B2 - vehicle window glass - Google Patents

Description

The present disclosure relates to vehicle glazing.

BACKGROUND Conventionally, there is known a rear window that is attached to an opening at the rear of a vehicle and includes a glass plate, a defogger that heats the viewing area of the glass plate, and an antenna that is arranged below the defogger ( For example, see Patent Document 1).

JP 2019-043453 A

However, in the conventional technology, since the antenna is arranged below the defogger, expanding the area where the defogger is arranged narrows the area where the antenna that preferably receives radio waves in the predetermined frequency band is arranged. Therefore, it is difficult to secure both the defogger placement area and the antenna reception performance.

The present disclosure provides a vehicle window glass capable of ensuring both a defogger placement area and antenna reception performance.

This disclosure is
A vehicle window glass attached to a window frame at the rear of a vehicle body,
a glass plate and
a first antenna provided on the glass plate;
An electrically heated defogger provided on the glass plate;
an auxiliary element provided on the glass plate and arranged away from the first antenna;
When the vehicle window glass is attached to the window frame and viewed from above, the direction parallel to the horizontal plane is defined as the horizontal direction, and the direction perpendicular to the horizontal direction is defined as the vertical direction,
The first antenna is
a power supply electrode for power supply;
a first horizontal element electrically connected to the power supply electrode and extending in the horizontal direction;
The defogger is
a plurality of heater wires extending in the horizontal direction and arranged side by side in the vertical direction;
a first bus bar and a second bus bar extending in the vertical direction on both end sides of the glass plate in the horizontal direction and supplying power to the plurality of heater wires;
The plurality of heater wires are
a first heater wire arranged apart from the auxiliary element; a second heater wire adjacent to the first heater wire in the vertical direction; and a third heater wire adjacent to the second heater wire in the vertical direction. including
The first antenna is arranged in a first region between the first heater wire and the second heater wire,
The auxiliary element has a first short-circuit wire that short-circuits at least two heater wires including the second heater wire and the third heater wire among the plurality of heater wires excluding the first heater wire,
For a vehicle, the shortest distance between the first horizontal element and the auxiliary element is shorter than the length of the short-circuit portion connecting the second heater wire and the third heater wire in the first short-circuit wire. Provide glazing.

Advantageous Effects of Invention According to the present disclosure, it is possible to provide a vehicle window glass capable of ensuring both the defogger arrangement area and the reception performance of the antenna.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a figure which shows one structural example of the windowpane for vehicles in 1st Embodiment by planar view. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is the elements on larger scale which show the example of 1 structure of the windowpane for vehicles in 1st Embodiment by planar view. It is the elements on larger scale which show the 1st modification of the windowpane for vehicles in 1st Embodiment by planar view. It is the elements on larger scale which show the 2nd modification of the windowpane for vehicles in 1st Embodiment by planar view. It is the elements on larger scale which show the 3rd modification of the windowpane for vehicles in 1st Embodiment by planar view. It is the elements on larger scale which show the 4th modification of the windowpane for vehicles in 1st Embodiment by planar view. It is the elements on larger scale which show the 5th modification of the windowpane for vehicles in 1st Embodiment by planar view. It is a figure which shows one structural example of the window glass for vehicles in 2nd Embodiment by planar view. It is a partially enlarged view showing a vehicle window glass in a first comparative embodiment in a plan view. It is a partially enlarged view showing a vehicle window glass in a second comparative embodiment in a plan view. FIG. 11 is a partially enlarged view showing a vehicle window glass in a third comparative embodiment in a plan view; FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of measurement results of antenna gain for band III of the DAB standard;

Hereinafter, embodiments according to the present disclosure will be described with reference to the drawings. For ease of understanding, the scale of each part in the drawings may differ from the actual scale. In directions such as parallel, right angle, orthogonal, horizontal, vertical, up and down, left and right, misalignment to the extent that the effects of the embodiment are not impaired is allowed. The shape of the corners is not limited to right angles, and may be arcuately rounded. The direction parallel to the X-axis (X-axis direction), the direction parallel to the Y-axis (Y-axis direction), and the direction parallel to the Z-axis (Z-axis direction) are the left-right direction (horizontal direction) of the glass plate, and the direction parallel to the glass plate. The vertical direction of the plate (longitudinal direction) and the direction perpendicular to the surface of the glass plate (also referred to as the normal direction). The X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction, and the Z-axis direction are orthogonal to each other.

A rear glass attached to the rear portion of a vehicle is suitable as the vehicle window glass in the present embodiment.

FIG. 1 is a plan view showing a configuration example of a vehicle window glass according to a first embodiment. A windowpane 101 shown in FIG. 1 is an example of a vehicle windowpane attached to a window frame at the rear of a vehicle body. FIG. 1 is a view when the glass surface of the windowpane 101 is viewed from the opposite side, and shows the windowpane 101 attached to the window frame 71 at the rear of the vehicle as seen from the inside of the vehicle (vehicle interior view).

When the window glass 101 is attached to the window frame 71 and viewed from above, the direction parallel to the horizontal plane is defined as "horizontal direction Hd", and the direction perpendicular to the horizontal direction Hd is defined as "vertical direction Vd". In the example shown in FIG. 1, the horizontal direction Hd corresponds to the X-axis direction (more specifically, the width direction of the vehicle), and the vertical direction Vd corresponds to the Y-axis direction (more specifically, the vertical direction of the vehicle). direction).

The window frame 71 is a metal flange that forms an opening provided in the rear portion of the vehicle body. The window frame 71 has an upper frame 71a and a lower frame 71d facing each other in the vertical direction Vd, and a right frame 71c and a left frame 71b facing each other in the horizontal direction Hd. The window frame 71 may be a flange made of resin.

The windowpane 101 includes a glass plate 60, a defogger 30, a right rear antenna 10, and an auxiliary element 80 as main components.

The glass plate 60 is an example of a glass plate for windows of a vehicle, and is fixed to a window frame 71 . The glass plate 60 has a substantially rectangular outer shape. The outer edge of the glass plate 60 includes an upper edge 61a and a lower edge 61d facing each other in the vertical direction Vd, and a right edge 61c and a left edge 61b facing each other in the horizontal direction Hd. When viewed from above with the window glass 101 attached to the window frame 71, the upper frame 71a, the lower frame 71d, the right frame 71c and the left frame 71b have an upper edge 61a, a lower edge 61d, a right edge 61c and a left edge 61b, respectively. located inside the

The defogger 30 is an example of an electrically heated defogger provided on the glass plate 60 , and is a conductor pattern that removes fogging from the glass plate 60 . The defogger 30 has a plurality of heater wires extending in the horizontal direction Hd, and a plurality of busbars supplying power to the plurality of heater wires. In this embodiment, 11 heater wires 33a to 33k extending in the horizontal direction Hd so as to run parallel to each other and a pair of bus bars (a right bus bar 31 and a left bus bar) connected to the 11 heater wires 33a to 33k. 32) are provided on the glass plate 60 . The right busbar 31 is an example of a first busbar, and the left busbar 32 is an example of a second busbar. By applying a voltage between the right bus bar 31 and the left bus bar 32, the eleven heater wires 33a to 33k are energized to generate heat, so that the fogging of the glass plate 60 is removed.

The eleven heater wires 33a to 33k are conductor patterns connected between the right busbar 31 and the left busbar 32, and arranged side by side in the vertical direction Vd. The heater wire 33 a is an example of a first heater wire, and is a filament conductor arranged away from the auxiliary element 80 . In this example, the heater wire 33a is positioned at the lowest position among the plurality of heater wires 33a to 33k. The heater wire 33b is an example of a second heater wire, and is a heater filament conductor adjacent to the heater wire 33a in the vertical direction Vd. The heater wire 33c is an example of a third heater wire, and is a heater filament conductor adjacent to the heater wire 33b in the vertical direction Vd. The heater wire 33b is positioned between the heater wire 33a and the heater wire 33c in the vertical direction Vd.

The right bus bar 31 and the left bus bar 32 are strip-like electrodes extending in the vertical direction Vd at both ends of the glass plate 60 in the horizontal direction Hd, and supply power to the heater wires 33a to 33k. The right bus bar 31 is a conductor pattern extending in the vertical direction of the glass plate 60 along the right edge 61c. The left bus bar 32 is a conductor pattern extending in the vertical direction of the glass plate 60 along the left edge 61b.

Right rear antenna 10 is an example of a first antenna and is a glass antenna provided on glass plate 60 . The right rear antenna 10 is arranged in a first region 91 between the heater wires 33a and 33b so as not to physically contact other conductor wires (such as heater wires). In this example, the right rear antenna 10 is a conductor pattern provided in a first area 91 that is the lower right area in the defogger 30, and other conductor lines (auxiliary element 80, right bus bar 31, connection line 50, heater wire 33a and heater wire 33b).

The right rear antenna 10 is configured to receive radio waves in a predetermined frequency band, and resonates at frequencies in the predetermined frequency band. For example, the right rear antenna 10 receives vertically polarized waves and is suitable for transmitting and receiving radio waves in the VHF (Very High Frequency) band with frequencies of 30 MHz to 300 MHz. Radio waves in the VHF band include radio waves in band III (174 MHz to 240 MHz) of the DAB (Digital Audio Broadcast) standard, FM broadcast waves, and the like.

The right rear antenna 10 may be configured to receive radio waves in the UHF (Ultra High Frequency) band with frequencies of 300 MHz to 3 GHz. Radio waves in the UHF band include terrestrial digital television broadcasting waves of 470 MHz to 720 MHz, radio waves in the DAB standard L band (1452 MHz to 1492 MHz), and the like.

The right rear antenna 10 has, as main components, a power feeding electrode 41 for power feeding and a first horizontal element 11 extending in the horizontal direction Hd.

The power supply electrode 41 is a power supply unit electrically connected to one end of a power supply line (not shown), and is arranged in the first region 91 . The other end of the power supply line is electrically connected to a vehicle body device such as a receiver. In this example, the feeding electrode 41 is a rectangular conductor pattern. The shape of the power supply electrode 41 may be circular or other polygonal shape.

For example, the power supply electrode 41 may be formed by printing and baking a paste containing a conductive metal (for example, silver paste) on the surface of the glass plate 60, and may be formed of a metal plate (metal foil). may The same applies to other feeding electrodes and antenna elements.

The first horizontal element 11 is an antenna element electrically connected to the feeding electrode 41 and arranged in the first region 91 . In this example, the first horizontal element 11 is a filament pattern extending linearly in the positive X-axis direction from the feeding electrode 41 to the tip portion 10a.

The auxiliary element 80 is a conductor pattern provided on the glass plate 60 and arranged away from the right rear antenna 10 . The auxiliary element 80 has a first short-circuit line 34 . The first short-circuit wire 34 short-circuits at least two heater wires including the heater wire 33b and the heater wire 33c among the plurality of heater wires 33b to 33k excluding the heater wire 33a. In this example, the first short-circuit wire 34 is a wire element that short-circuits the heater wire 33b to the heater wire 33k, one end 34b is positioned at the heater wire 33b, and the other end 34c is positioned at the heater wire 33k. Located in The first short-circuit wire 34 is a conductor pattern extending in the vertical direction Vd, and includes at least two heater wires including the heater wire 33b and the heater wire 33c among the plurality of heater wires 33b to 33k excluding the heater wire 33a. cross.

In the form shown in FIG. 1 , the auxiliary element 80 has an L-shaped element 81 arranged in the first region 91 . The L-shaped element 81 has a vertical portion 82 extending in the vertical direction Vd and a horizontal portion 83 extending in the horizontal direction Hd. In this example, the vertical portion 82 is a filament element that extends linearly from the heater wire 33b to the negative Y-axis direction end, and the horizontal portion 83 extends from the vertical portion 82 end in the positive X-axis direction. It is a filament element that extends linearly to the tip portion 81a of the .

The shortest distance G between the first horizontal element 11 and the auxiliary element 80 is shorter than the length J of the short-circuit portion 34a of the first short-circuit line 34 connecting the heater wires 33b and 33c. In the form shown in FIG. 1, the shortest distance G represents the shortest distance between the first horizontal element 11 and the horizontal portion 83, and the length J represents the distance (longitudinal width) between the heater wires 33b and 33c. equal. The shortest distance G may be 1 mm or more and 25 mm or less, preferably 1 mm or more and 20 mm or less, more preferably 3 mm or more and 15 mm or less, and even more preferably 3 mm or more and 10 mm or less.

By making the shortest distance G shorter than the relatively short length J, the first horizontal element 11 can be brought sufficiently close to the auxiliary element 80 (the horizontal portion 83 in this case). Since the first horizontal element 11 is adjacent to the auxiliary element 80, at least part of the first horizontal element 11 is aligned with at least part of the auxiliary element 80 (in this case, at least part of the horizontal portion 83) in the horizontal direction Hd. run and capacitively couple. The parallel running distance (section) is, for example, 5 mm or more, preferably 10 mm or more. Due to this capacitive coupling, the right rear antenna 10 can use at least part of the defogger 30 as an element for radio wave reception via the auxiliary element 80, so that the antenna gain of the right rear antenna 10 is improved. In addition, due to this capacitive coupling, the right rear antenna 10 can use the first short-circuit line 34 extending in the vertical direction Vd as an element for receiving radio waves, so that vertically polarized waves (for example, radio waves of band III of the DAB standard) can be used. The antenna gain of the right rear antenna 10 is improved when receiving .

In addition, since the right rear antenna 10 is arranged in the first area 91 inside the defogger 30, the anti-fogging area by the defogger 30 can be easily expanded compared to the configuration in which the antenna is arranged in the area outside the defogger. can. In the form shown in FIG. 1, the first area 91 where the right rear antenna 10 is arranged is between the outermost heater wire 33a and the heater wire 33b inside the heater wire 33a. The antifogging area of the defogger 30 can be easily expanded by bringing it closer to the lower edge 61d. When the window glass 101 is attached to the window frame 71, the heater wire 33a is positioned between the right rear antenna 10 and the lower frame 71d. It is possible to suppress the decrease in the antenna gain of the right rear antenna 10 due to

As described above, according to the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, both the installation area of the defogger 30 and the reception performance of the right rear antenna 10 can be ensured.

Let λ be the wavelength of the radio wave in the predetermined frequency band W received by the right rear antenna 10 and k be the wavelength reduction rate of the glass plate 60 . At this time, if the element length L (=F+B) of the L-shaped element 81 is (1/8)×λ×k or more (1/4)×λ×k or less, a predetermined frequency band W (for example, DAB The standard band III) antenna gain is improved. In order to improve the antenna gain in the predetermined frequency band W, the element length L of the L-shaped element 81 is preferably (6/40)×λ×k or more (9/40)×λ×k or less, and (7/ 40)×λ×k or more and (8/40)×λ×k or less is more preferable. When the element length L is less than (⅛)×λ×k, the antenna gain in the predetermined frequency band W tends to be lower than when it is (⅛)×λ×k or more. When the element length L exceeds (1/4)×λ×k, the right rear antenna 10 becomes larger than when it is (1/4)×λ×k or less, making it difficult to arrange in the first region 91. Become.

Let λ _C be the center wavelength of the radio wave in the predetermined frequency band W received by the right rear antenna 10 . At this time, the element length L (=F+B) of the L-shaped element 81 is more preferably (6/40)×λ _C ×k or more (9/40)×λ _C ×k or less, and (7/40)× Most preferably, λ _C ×k or more (8/40)×λ _C ×k or less.

For example, when improving the antenna gain of band III (170 MHz to 240 MHz) of the DAB standard, the center wavelength λ _C is 1.46 m, so if k = 0.64, the element length L is adjusted to 117 mm or more and 234 mm or less. do it.

If the conductor length A from the feeding electrode 41 to the tip portion 10a of the first horizontal element 11 is (1/8)×λ×k or more and (1/4)×λ×k or less, a predetermined frequency band W (for example , the antenna gain of band III) of the DAB standard is improved. In order to improve the antenna gain in the predetermined frequency band W, the conductor length A of the first horizontal element 11 is preferably (6/40)×λ×k or more (9/40)×λ×k or less, and (7/ 40)×λ×k or more and (8/40)×λ×k or less is more preferable. If the conductor length A is less than (⅛)×λ×k, the antenna gain in the predetermined frequency band W is more likely to decrease than if it is (⅛)×λ×k or more. When the conductor length A exceeds (1/4)×λ×k, the right rear antenna 10 becomes larger than when it is (1/4)×λ×k or less, making placement in the first region 91 difficult. Become.

Further, the conductor length A is more preferably (6/40)×λ _C ×k or more (9/40)×λ _C ×k or less, and (7/40)×λ _C ×k or more (8/40)× λ _C ×k or less is most preferred.

The right rear antenna 10 may have a grounding electrode 42 arranged in the first region 91 . The ground electrode 42 is electrically connected to, for example, a ground electrode of an amplifier mounted on the feed electrode 41 . A wire ground element connected to the ground electrode 42 may be provided on the glass plate 60 . Although the ground electrode 42 is arranged in the first region 91 in the form shown in FIG. 1, it may be omitted. In this example, the ground electrode 42 is arranged on the side opposite to the arrangement position of the first horizontal element 11 with respect to the power supply electrode 41 .

The heater wire 33a has a first heater end 33aa connected to the heater wire 33b via a connecting wire 50 and a second heater end 33ab electrically connected to the right bus bar 31 . As a result, the right rear antenna 10 is surrounded by the heater wire 33a, the heater wire 33b, the connection wire 50, and the right bus bar 31, so that it is electrically connected to the metal window frame 71 (particularly, the lower frame 71d). Interference can be reduced, and a decrease in antenna gain can be suppressed.

The heater wire 33a is provided on the surface of the vehicle outside of the window glass 101 in an area where a wiper (not shown) that moves around the rotation shaft 201 waits, thereby melting ice and snow adhering to the wiper waiting in that area. . Also, in this example, the feed electrode 41 and the ground electrode 42 are located between the first horizontal element 11 and the rotation shaft 201 and are close to the rotation shaft 201 . As a result, the cover that covers the wiper and the cover that covers the amplifier mounted on the power supply electrode 41 can be integrated, so that the number of cover components can be reduced.

Since the defogger 30 has the heater wire 33a and the heater wire 33b connected via the connecting wire 50, the defogger 30 is asymmetrical as a whole. Therefore, when the first short-circuit wire 34 is connected to the heater wire 33a, the current flowing through the heater wire 33a increases, and the heat distribution of the defogger 30 as a whole may vary greatly. However, since the auxiliary element 80 is separated from the heater wire 33a, the heating current passing through the defogger 30 is less likely to flow into the heater wire 33a via the first short-circuit wire 34. As a result, it is possible to suppress variations in the heat distribution of the entire defogger 30 from being caused by the current flowing through the heater wire 33a.

The windowpane 101 may further include a left rear antenna 20 provided on the glass plate 60 . The left rear antenna 20 is arranged in a second area 92 opposite to the first area 91 via the connection line 50 . By providing the right rear antenna 10 and the left rear antenna 20 on the glass plate 60, for example, if the left rear antenna 20 can receive the same frequency band W as the right rear antenna 10, two channels can be realized. That is, the right rear antenna 10 and the left rear antenna 20 may be used as diversity antennas.

Left rear antenna 20 is an example of a second antenna and is a glass antenna provided on glass plate 60 . The left rear antenna 20 is arranged in a second region 92 between the lower edge 61d and the heater wire 33b. In this example, the left rear antenna 20 is a conductor pattern provided in the second region 92 which is the lower left region of the heater wire 33 b of the defogger 30 .

In the form shown in FIG. 1 , the second area 92 is not an area within the defogger 30 , but may be an area within the defogger 30 like the first area 91 . For example, the first heater end 33aa of the heater wire 33a may be electrically connected to the left bus bar 32 . As a result, the left rear antenna 20 is also surrounded by the heater wire 33a, the heater wire 33b, the connection wire 50, and the left bus bar 32, so that the metal window frame 71 (particularly, the lower frame 71d) is electrically connected. Interference can be reduced, and a decrease in antenna gain can be suppressed.

Left rear antenna 20 is configured to receive radio waves in a predetermined frequency band, and resonates at frequencies in the predetermined frequency band. For example, the left rear antenna 20 receives vertically polarized waves and is suitable for transmission and reception of radio waves in the VHF band with frequencies of 30 MHz to 300 MHz (for example, reception of radio waves in band III of the DAB standard). The left rear antenna 20 may be configured to receive radio waves in the UHF band with frequencies of 300 MHz to 3 GHz.

The left rear antenna 20 has the same or similar configuration as the right rear antenna 10 . The left rear antenna 20 has, as main components, a power supply electrode 43 for power supply and a second horizontal element 21 extending in the horizontal direction Hd.

The power supply electrode 43 is a power supply unit electrically connected to one end of a power supply line (not shown), and is arranged in the second region 92 . The other end of the power supply line is electrically connected to a vehicle body device such as a receiver. In this example, the feed electrode 43 is a rectangular conductor pattern. The shape of the feeding electrode 43 may be circular or other polygonal shape.

The second horizontal element 21 is an antenna element electrically connected to the feeding electrode 43 and arranged in the second region 92 . In this example, the second horizontal element 21 is a filament pattern extending linearly in the negative X-axis direction from the feeding electrode 43 to the tip 20a.

The auxiliary element 80 is arranged apart from the right rear antenna 10 and also away from the left rear antenna 20 . The auxiliary element 80 further has a second short-circuit line 35 and a third short-circuit line 36 for short-circuiting at least two heater wires among the plurality of heater wires. The second short-circuit line 35 and the third short-circuit line 36 have the same configuration as the first short-circuit line 34 in the form shown in FIG.

The first short-circuit line 34, the second short-circuit line 35, and the third short-circuit line 36 are arranged apart from each other in the horizontal direction Hd, so that the vertically polarized antenna gain of the right rear antenna 10 and the left rear antenna 20 is improves. The second short-circuit line 35 passes through the center of the defogger 30 in the horizontal direction Hd and extends in the vertical direction Vd. That is, the second short-circuit line 35 is arranged to substantially bisect the distance in the horizontal direction Hd from the right busbar 31 to the left busbar 32 .

The second short-circuit line 35 is located between the first short-circuit line 34 and the third short-circuit line 36 . The distance H1 in the horizontal direction Hd from the second short-circuit line 35 to the first short-circuit line 34 may be different from the distance H2 in the horizontal direction Hd from the second short-circuit line 35 to the third short-circuit line 36, but the distance More preferably equal to H2. Since the distance H1 and the distance H2 are equal, the antenna gains of the vertically polarized waves of the right rear antenna 10 and the left rear antenna 20 are improved.

Let λ _min be the shortest wavelength of the radio waves in the predetermined frequency band W received by the right rear antenna 10 , λ _max be the longest wavelength of the radio waves in the predetermined frequency band W, and k be the wavelength reduction rate of the glass plate 60 . λ _min represents the wavelength of the upper limit frequency of the predetermined frequency band W, and λ _max represents the wavelength of the lower limit frequency of the predetermined frequency band W. FIG. At this time, when the distance H1 and the distance H2 are (1/4)×λ _min ×k or more and (1/4)×λ _max ×k or less, a predetermined frequency band W (for example, band III of the DAB standard) Antenna gain is improved. In terms of improving the antenna gain of the predetermined frequency band W, the distance H1 and the distance H2 are preferably (9/40) × λ _min × k or more (9/40) × λ _max × k or less, and (8/40) ×λ _min ×k or more (8/40)×λ _max ×k or less is more preferable. When the distance H1 and the distance H2 are less than (1/4)×λ _min ×k, the antenna gain in the predetermined frequency band W tends to be lower than when they are (1/4)×λ _min ×k or more. When the distance H1 and the distance H2 exceed (1/4)×λ _max ×k, the antenna gain in the predetermined frequency band W is more likely to decrease than when the distance is (1/4)×λ _max ×k or less.

In the form shown in FIG. 1 , the auxiliary element 80 has an L-shaped element 84 arranged in the second region 92 . The L-shaped element 84 has a vertical portion 85 extending in the vertical direction Vd and a horizontal portion 86 extending in the horizontal direction Hd. In this example, the vertical portion 85 is a filamentary element that extends linearly from the heater wire 33b to the negative Y-axis direction end, and the horizontal portion 86 extends from the vertical portion 82 end in the negative X-axis direction. It is a filament element that extends linearly to the tip of the

The positional relationship between the second horizontal element 21 and the auxiliary element 80 (specifically, the third short-circuit line 36 or the L-shaped element 84) is the first horizontal element 11 and the auxiliary element 80 (specifically, the first It is the same as the positional relationship with the short-circuit line 34 or the L-shaped element 81).

FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged view showing a configuration example of the vehicle window glass in the first embodiment in plan view. An end portion 34b of the first short-circuit wire 34 is located on the heater wire 33b and is close to the first horizontal element 11. As shown in FIG. In FIG. 2 , a virtual extension line 37 extending from the end 34 b of the first short-circuit line 34 toward the first region 91 intersects the first horizontal element 11 . In FIG. 2, extension 37 overlaps vertical section 82 . If the extension line 37 crosses the first horizontal element 11, the first horizontal element 11 is arranged relatively close to the first short-circuit line 34 extending in the vertical direction Vd. The antenna gain of the right rear antenna 10 is improved when receiving .

Note that the L-shaped element 81 may have at least one of the horizontal portion 83 and the horizontal portion 87 . The horizontal portion 87 is an element extending in the negative X-axis direction from the vertical portion 82 and is close to the first horizontal element 11 at a distance that enables capacitive coupling with the first horizontal element 11 . The horizontal portion 83 and the horizontal portion 87 are located in a region of the first region 91 sandwiched between the first horizontal element 11 and the heater wire 33b.

FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged view showing a first modification of the vehicle window glass in the first embodiment in plan view. The virtual extension line 37 extending from the end 34 b of the first short-circuit line 34 toward the first region 91 does not have to intersect the first horizontal element 11 . If the shortest distance G (in this case, the shortest distance from the tip 10 a of the first horizontal element 11 to the L-shaped element 81 ) is shorter than the length J, the first horizontal element 11 is close to the auxiliary element 80 . In this proximity, at least a portion of the first horizontal element 11 capacitively couples with at least a portion of the auxiliary element 80 (in this case at least a portion of the L-shaped element 81). As described above, this capacitive coupling improves the antenna gain of the right rear antenna 10 (in particular, the antenna gain when receiving vertically polarized waves).

FIG. 4 is a partially enlarged view showing a second modification of the vehicle window glass in the first embodiment in plan view. The horizontal portion 83 may be located in a region of the first region 91 sandwiched between the first horizontal element 11 and the heater wire 33a. If the shortest distance G is shorter than the length J, the first horizontal element 11 is close to the auxiliary element 80, so that at least part of the first horizontal element 11 is at least part of the auxiliary element 80 (in this case, L-shaped at least a portion of the like element 81). As described above, this capacitive coupling improves the antenna gain of the right rear antenna 10 (in particular, the antenna gain when receiving vertically polarized waves).

FIG. 5 is a partially enlarged view showing a third modification of the vehicle window glass in the first embodiment in plan view. The vertical portion 82 of the L-shaped element 81 may not be directly connected to the end portion 34b of the first short-circuit line 34, but may be indirectly connected through a portion of the heater wire 33b. In FIG. 5, the vertical portion 82 does not extend in the negative Y-axis direction from the end 34b of the first short-circuit line 34, but is offset from the extension line 37 of the first short-circuit line 34. .

FIG. 6 is a partially enlarged view showing a fourth modification of the vehicle window glass in the first embodiment in plan view. The end 34b of the first shorting wire 34 may be located at the heater wire 33b, in which case the end 34b is close to the first horizontal element 11 . FIG. 6 shows a configuration without the L-shaped element 81 . Since the end portion 34b is close to the first horizontal element 11, at least a portion of the first horizontal element 11 is at least a portion of the auxiliary element 80 (in this case, at least a portion of the heater wire 33b and the first short-circuit wire 34). ). As described above, this capacitive coupling improves the antenna gain of the right rear antenna 10 (in particular, the antenna gain when receiving vertically polarized waves).

FIG. 7 is a partially enlarged view showing a fifth modification of the vehicle window glass in the first embodiment in plan view. The first horizontal element 11 may be electrically connected to the power supply electrode 41 via a connection element 12 extending from the power supply electrode 41 toward the heater wire 33b. The presence of the connection element 12 extending in the vertical direction Vd improves the antenna gain of the right rear antenna 10 (in particular, the antenna gain during reception of vertically polarized waves).

FIG. 8 is a plan view showing a configuration example of the vehicle window glass in the second embodiment. A windowpane 102 shown in FIG. 8 is an example of a vehicle windowpane attached to a window frame at the rear of a vehicle body. Descriptions of points similar to those of the above-described embodiments are omitted or simplified by citing the above descriptions.

The first short-circuit line 34 may have at least one gap 38 and the third short-circuit line 36 may have at least one gap 39 . The provision of the gap 38 improves the antenna gain of the right rear antenna 10 . The provision of the gap 39 improves the antenna gain of the left rear antenna 20 . For example, a line segment 34d of the first short-circuit line 34 that extends from the gap 38 to the end 34b in the negative Y-axis direction, and a line segment 34d that extends from the gap 39 of the third short-circuit line 36 to the end 36b in the negative Y-axis direction. The standing wave generated by the radio wave of the predetermined frequency band W can be canceled by the line segment 36d extending to the line segment 36d. A line segment 34d is a portion from the end portion 34e to the end portion 34b, and a line segment 36d is a portion from the end portion 36e to the end portion 36b. Furthermore, the end portion 34b (or the vertical portion 82) and the first horizontal element 11 are capacitively coupled, and the length of the L-shaped path from the end portion 34e to the feeding electrode 41 via the capacitive coupling is set to about (1 /4)×λ×k, the antenna gain of the right rear antenna 10 is improved. Similarly, the end portion 36b (or the vertical portion 85) and the second horizontal element 21 are capacitively coupled, and the length of the L-shaped path from the end portion 36e to the feeding electrode 43 via the capacitive coupling is approximately ( By adjusting to 1/4)×λ×k, the antenna gain of the left rear antenna 20 is improved.

The defogger 30 includes a heater wire 33k furthest from the heater wire 33a in the vertical direction Vd. The heater wire 33k is an example of a fourth heater wire. The auxiliary element 80 may have a first adjustment wire 110 arranged in the third region 93 on the opposite side of the heater wire 33k from the heater wire 33a. The first adjustment wire 110 may be a conductor element connected to the heater wire 33k. Also, the first adjustment wire 110 may be a conductor element connected to the connection point between the heater wire 33k and the third short-circuit wire 36 . The presence of first adjustment line 110 improves the antenna gain of at least one of right rear antenna 10 and left rear antenna 20 .

In the example shown in FIG. 8, the first adjustment line 110 is an L-shaped element having a vertical portion 111 extending in the vertical direction Vd and a horizontal portion 112 extending in the horizontal direction Hd. By adjusting the length of this L-shaped element, the gain of a specific frequency band in the predetermined frequency band W can be increased.

The auxiliary element 80 may have a second adjustment line 120 . The second adjustment line 120 may be connected to the left bus bar 32, or may be connected to the heater wire 33k on the left bus bar 32 side of the connection point between the first adjustment line 110 and the heater wire 33k. The second adjustment line 120 is arranged in the third region 93 . The second adjustment line 120 is capacitively coupled with the first adjustment line 110 due to its proximity to the first adjustment line 110 . This capacitive coupling further improves the antenna gain of at least one of the right rear antenna 10 and the left rear antenna 20 . Due to this capacitive coupling, the gain of a specific frequency band in the predetermined frequency band W can be further increased.

In the example shown in FIG. 8, the second adjustment line 120 is an L-shaped element having a vertical portion 121 extending in the vertical direction Vd and a horizontal portion 122 extending in the horizontal direction Hd. The horizontal portion 122 is adjacent to the horizontal portion 112 and extends in opposite directions to each other in the horizontal direction Hd.

Next, an example of antenna gain measurement results will be described with respect to the comparative embodiments shown in FIGS. 9, 10, and 11 and the first embodiment shown in FIG.

The comparative embodiment shown in FIGS. 9, 10, and 11 is the same as the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1 for parts not shown. FIG. 9 is a partially enlarged view showing a vehicle window glass in a first comparative embodiment in plan view. A windowpane 100B shown in FIG. 9 shows a form in which the heater wire 33a and the connecting wire 50 are deleted from the first embodiment shown in FIG. A windowpane 100C shown in FIG. 10 is a partially enlarged view showing a vehicle windowpane in a second comparative embodiment in plan view. FIG. 10 shows a form in which a heater wire 33bb is added to the first comparative form of FIG. FIG. 11 is a partially enlarged view showing a vehicle window glass in a third comparative embodiment in plan view. A windowpane 100D shown in FIG. 11 shows a form in which part of the vertical portion 82 is removed from the second comparative form shown in FIG.

FIG. 12 is a diagram showing an example of measurement results of antenna gain for band III of the DAB standard. Cases C1 to C5 respectively include left rear antenna 20 on windowpane 101, right rear antenna 10 on windowpane 101, right rear antenna 10 on windowpane 100B, right rear antenna 10 on windowpane 100C, and right rear antenna 100D on windowpane 100D. Antenna 10 is represented. The numerical value on the vertical axis in FIG. 12 represents the average value of the antenna gain measured for each predetermined angle in the vehicle rear half circumference range in the horizontal plane. Table 1 shows the average value (average gain) of the average values measured at each frequency on the horizontal axis of FIG.

The case C3 without the heater wire 33a and the connection wire 50 resulted in a lower antenna gain than the cases C1 and C2 with the heater wire 33a and the connection wire 50. FIG. In other words, the antenna gain was higher when the antenna was inside the defogger. Moreover, the case C4 with the heater wire 33bb has a lower antenna gain than the case C3 without the heater wire 33bb. That is, when the defogger line and the horizontal line of the L-shaped element are too close to each other, the result is that the antenna gain becomes low. Further, in the case C5 in which there is no short-circuited portion between the two heater wires close to the first horizontal element 11, the antenna gain is lower than in the case C4 in which the short-circuited portion exists. In other words, if there is no short-circuited portion between the two heater wires close to the first horizontal element 11, the result is that the antenna gain is low.

12, the dimensions of each part of the first embodiment (FIG. 1) and each comparative example (FIGS. 9, 10, 11) are expressed in millimeters.
A: 130
B: 140
C: 5
D: 20
E: 40
F: 15
G: 5
H1: 220
H2: 220
I: 260
Spacing between adjacent heater wires (J): 10
Spacing between heater wire 33b and heater wire 33bb (Fig. 10): 10
Length of cutout between heater wire 33b and heater wire 33bb (Fig. 11): 10
is.

Although the embodiments have been described above, the technology of the present disclosure is not limited to the above embodiments. Various modifications and improvements such as combination or replacement with part or all of other embodiments are possible.

For example, the first region in which the first antenna is arranged may be a region between the heater wire 30k positioned highest among the plurality of heater wires and the heater wire 30j positioned second highest. Alternatively, the first region in which the first antenna is arranged is between adjacent intermediate heater wires among the plurality of heater wires excluding the uppermost heater wire and the lowermost heater wire. A region (for example, a region between the heater wire 33b and the heater wire 33c) may be used.

10 Right rear antenna 10a Tip 11 First horizontal element 12 Connection element 20 Left rear antenna 21 Second horizontal element 30 Defogger 31 Right busbar 32 Left busbars 33a to 33k Heater wire 33aa First heater end 33ab Second heater end 34 First Short-circuit wire 34a Short-circuit portion 34b End portion 35 Second short-circuit wire 36 Third short-circuit wire 37 Extension wires 38, 39 Gap 41 Power supply electrode 42 Earth electrode 43 Power supply electrode 44 Earth electrode 50 Connection line 60 Glass plate 71 Window frame 80 Auxiliary element 81, 84 L-shaped elements 82, 85 Vertical portions 83, 86, 87 Horizontal portion 91 First region 92 Second region 93 Third regions 101, 102 Window glass 110 First adjustment line 120 Second adjustment line 201 Rotation shaft

Claims (21)

A vehicle window glass attached to a window frame at the rear of a vehicle body,
a glass plate and
a first antenna provided on the glass plate;
An electrically heated defogger provided on the glass plate;
an auxiliary element provided on the glass plate and arranged away from the first antenna;
When the vehicle window glass is attached to the window frame and viewed from above, the direction parallel to the horizontal plane is defined as the horizontal direction, and the direction perpendicular to the horizontal direction is defined as the vertical direction,
The first antenna is
a power supply electrode for power supply;
a first horizontal element electrically connected to the power supply electrode and extending in the horizontal direction;
The defogger is
a plurality of heater wires extending in the horizontal direction and arranged side by side in the vertical direction;
a first bus bar and a second bus bar extending in the vertical direction on both end sides of the glass plate in the horizontal direction and supplying power to the plurality of heater wires;
The plurality of heater wires are
a first heater wire arranged apart from the auxiliary element; a second heater wire adjacent to the first heater wire in the vertical direction; and a third heater wire adjacent to the second heater wire in the vertical direction. including
The first antenna is arranged in a first region between the first heater wire and the second heater wire,
The auxiliary element has a first short-circuit wire that short-circuits at least two heater wires including the second heater wire and the third heater wire among the plurality of heater wires excluding the first heater wire,
For a vehicle, the shortest distance between the first horizontal element and the auxiliary element is shorter than the length of the short-circuit portion connecting the second heater wire and the third heater wire in the first short-circuit wire. window glass. The vehicle window glass according to claim 1, wherein a virtual extension line extending from said first short-circuit line intersects said first horizontal element. The auxiliary element has an L-shaped element arranged in the first region,
The L-shaped element has a vertical portion extending in the vertical direction and a horizontal portion extending in the horizontal direction,
3. A vehicle glazing according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first horizontal element is adjacent to the horizontal portion. When the wavelength of the radio wave in the predetermined frequency band received by the first antenna is λ, and the wavelength shortening rate of the glass plate is k,
The vehicle window glass according to claim 3, wherein the element length of the L-shaped element is (1/8) x λ x k or more and (1/4) x λ x k or less. The end of the first short-circuit wire is positioned at the second heater wire,
3. A vehicle glazing according to claim 1 or 2, wherein said edge is adjacent to said first horizontal element. The vehicle window glass according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the first horizontal element extends from the power supply electrode as a starting point. 6. The first horizontal element is electrically connected to the power supply electrode via a connection element extending from the power supply electrode to the second heater wire side. The vehicle window glass described in . When the wavelength of the radio wave in the predetermined frequency band received by the first antenna is λ, and the wavelength shortening rate of the glass plate is k,
8. The conductor length from the feed electrode to the tip of the first horizontal element is (1/8)×λ×k or more and (1/4)×λ×k or less. The vehicle window glass according to the above item. The vehicle window glass according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the first antenna has an earth electrode for earthing. The vehicle window glass according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the first antenna receives radio waves of DAB band III. 2. From claim 1, wherein the first heater wire has a first heater end connected to the second heater wire via a connection wire, and a second heater end conductively connected to the first bus bar. 11. The vehicle window glass according to any one of 10. A second antenna provided on the glass plate,
12. The vehicle glazing according to claim 11, wherein said second antenna is arranged in a second area opposite said first area with respect to said connection line. 13. The vehicle window glass according to claim 12, wherein the second antenna receives DAB band III radio waves. The auxiliary element has a second short-circuit wire and a third short-circuit wire for short-circuiting at least two heater wires among the plurality of heater wires,
3. The second short-circuit line is positioned between the first short-circuit line and the third short-circuit line, and is spaced apart from the first short-circuit line and the third short-circuit line in the horizontal direction. 14. The vehicle window glass according to any one of 1 to 13. 15. The vehicle of claim 14, wherein the horizontal distance from the second shunt line to the first shunt line is equal to the horizontal distance from the second shunt line to the third shunt line. window glass. When the shortest wavelength of the radio wave in the predetermined frequency band received by the first antenna is λ _min , the longest wavelength of the radio wave in the predetermined frequency band is λ _max , and the wavelength shortening rate of the glass plate is k,
The horizontal distance from the second short-circuit line to the first short-circuit line and the horizontal distance from the second short-circuit line to the third short-circuit line are (¼)×λ The vehicle window glass according to claim 14 or 15, wherein _min x k or more (1/4) x λ _max x k or less. The vehicle window glass according to any one of claims 14 to 16, wherein at least one of the first short-circuit line and the third short-circuit line has a gap. the plurality of heater wires includes a fourth heater wire furthest from the first heater wire in the vertical direction;
The auxiliary element has a first adjustment wire arranged in a third region opposite to the first heater wire with respect to the fourth heater wire,
The vehicle window glass according to any one of claims 14 to 17, wherein said first adjustment wire is connected to said fourth heater wire. The auxiliary element includes the second bus bar or a second adjustment wire connected to the fourth heater wire on the second bus bar side of a connection point between the first adjustment wire and the fourth heater wire. have
19. The vehicle glazing of claim 18, wherein the second adjustment line is adjacent to the first adjustment line. The vehicle window glass according to any one of claims 1 to 19, wherein the first heater wire is positioned lowest among the plurality of heater wires. 21. A vehicle glazing as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the first antenna receives vertically polarized waves.

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