JP7392550B2 - vehicle window glass - Google Patents

Description

The present disclosure relates to vehicle window glass.

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, vehicle window glasses equipped with an antenna for receiving terrestrial digital television broadcast waves have been known (for example, see Patent Documents 1 and 2).

Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2008-124822 Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2009-049706

However, the antennas described in these patent documents do not have sufficient antenna gain, making it difficult to receive horizontally polarized waves such as terrestrial digital television broadcast waves with good sensitivity.

The present disclosure provides a vehicle window glass that includes an antenna that can receive horizontally polarized waves with high sensitivity.

This disclosure:
A vehicle window glass that is attached to a window frame of a vehicle body,
glass plate and
an antenna that is provided on the glass plate and receives horizontally polarized waves;
When the vehicle window glass is attached to the window frame and viewed in plan, the direction parallel to the horizontal plane is defined as the horizontal direction, and the direction perpendicular to the horizontal direction is defined as the vertical direction,
The antenna is
A power supply electrode for power supply;
a grounding electrode for grounding disposed close to the power supply electrode;
a power supply side element electrically connected to the power supply electrode;
and a ground side element electrically connected to the ground electrode,
The power feeding side element is
an L-shaped element including at least a portion of the power feeding side vertical element extending in the vertical direction and a power feeding first horizontal element extending in a first direction parallel to the horizontal direction;
a second horizontal element on the power feeding side extending in the first direction along the first horizontal element on the power feeding side;
a power supply side third horizontal element connected to the L-shaped element and extending in a second direction opposite to the first direction;
The second horizontal element on the power feeding side has an element length longer than the element length of the first horizontal element on the power feeding side,
The earth side element is
an earth-side horizontal element extending in the first direction parallel to the horizontal direction ;
A vehicle window glass is provided in which there is no element extending from the power supply electrode in the second direction.

According to the present disclosure, it is possible to provide a vehicle window glass that includes an antenna that can receive horizontally polarized waves with high sensitivity.

FIG. 1 is a plan view showing an example of a configuration of a vehicle window glass in an embodiment. FIG. 2 is a plan view showing an example of the configuration of an antenna. It is a top view which shows the 1st modification of an antenna. It is a top view which shows the 2nd modification of an antenna. It is a top view which shows the 3rd modification of an antenna. It is a top view which shows the 4th modification of an antenna. It is a top view which shows the 5th modification of an antenna. FIG. 3 is a plan view showing a vehicle window glass used in actual measurement of antenna gain.

Embodiments according to the present disclosure will be described below with reference to the drawings. Note that for ease of understanding, the scale of each part in the drawings may differ from the actual scale. In parallel, perpendicular, perpendicular, horizontal, perpendicular, up and down, left and right directions, deviations are allowed to an extent that does not impair the effects of the embodiment. The shape of the corner portion is not limited to a right angle, but may be rounded in an arcuate manner. Parallel, right angle, perpendicular, horizontal, and perpendicular may include substantially parallel, substantially perpendicular, substantially orthogonal, substantially horizontal, and substantially perpendicular. The direction parallel to the X-axis (X-axis direction), the direction parallel to the Y-axis (Y-axis direction), and the direction parallel to the Z-axis (Z-axis direction) are the left-right direction (lateral direction) of the glass plate, and the direction parallel to the glass plate, respectively. It refers to the vertical direction of the plate (vertical direction) and the direction perpendicular to the surface of the glass plate (also called the normal direction). The X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction, and the Z-axis direction are orthogonal to each other.

The vehicle window glass according to the present disclosure includes any of the following: a rear glass attached to the rear of the vehicle, a windshield attached to the front of the vehicle, a side glass attached to the side of the vehicle, a roof glass attached to the ceiling of the vehicle, etc. It could be window glass.

FIG. 1 is a plan view showing an example of the configuration of a vehicle window glass according to an embodiment. The window glass 101 shown in FIG. 1 is an example of a vehicle window glass that is attached to a window frame at the rear of the vehicle body. FIG. 1 is a plan view of the glass surface of the glass plate 60 of the window glass 101, and shows the window glass 101 attached to the window frame 71 at the rear of the vehicle from the viewpoint from inside the vehicle (inside the vehicle). show. A plan view of the window glass 101 is synonymous with a plan view of the glass plate 60. Hereinafter, the window glass 101 shown in FIG. 1 will be explained while also referring to the window glass 102 shown in FIG. 8.

When the window glass 101 attached to the window frame 71 is viewed from above, a direction parallel to the horizontal plane is defined as a "horizontal direction Hd", and a direction orthogonal to the horizontal direction Hd is defined as a "vertical direction Vd". In the example shown in FIG. 1, the horizontal direction Hd corresponds to the X-axis direction (more specifically, the vehicle width direction of the vehicle), and the vertical direction Vd corresponds to the Y-axis direction (more specifically, the vertical direction of the vehicle). direction).

In FIG. 1, the positive X-axis direction is an example of a first direction that is parallel to the horizontal direction Hd and goes from the left bus bar 31 side to the right bus bar 32 side, and the negative X-axis direction is an example of a first direction that is parallel to the horizontal direction Hd. This is an example of a second direction that is opposite to the first direction. Further, in FIG. 1, the positive Y-axis direction is an example of a third direction orthogonal to the first direction. The negative Y-axis direction is an example of a fourth direction that is opposite to the third direction.

The central imaginary line 80 is a line extending in the Y-axis direction so as to bisect the glass plate 60 in the X-axis direction when the glass plate 60 is viewed from above. For example, the central imaginary line 80 can also be said to be an axis of line symmetry of the glass plate 60 when viewed from above. In FIG. 1, when the glass plate 60 is divided into a first glass area and a second glass area by a central imaginary line 80, the left area 81 is an example of the first glass area, and the right area 82 is an example of the second glass area. This is an example.

The window frame 71 is, for example, a metal flange that forms an opening provided at the rear of the vehicle body. The window frame 71 includes an upper frame 71a and a lower frame 71d that face each other in the vertical direction Vd, and a right frame 71c and a left frame 71b that face each other in the horizontal direction Hd. Note that the window frame 71 may be a resin flange.

The window glass 101 mainly includes a glass plate 60, a defogger 30, and an antenna 1.

The glass plate 60 is an example of a glass plate for a vehicle window, and is fixed to a window frame 71. The glass plate 60 has a substantially rectangular outer shape in plan view. The outer edge of the glass plate 60 includes an upper edge 61a and a lower edge 61d that face each other in the vertical direction Vd, and a right edge 61c and a left edge 61b that face each other in the horizontal direction Hd. When viewed from above with the window glass 101 attached to the window frame 71, the upper frame 71a, the lower frame 71d, the right frame 71c, and the left frame 71b are the upper edge 61a, the lower edge 61d, the right edge 61c, and the left edge 61b, respectively. located inside.

The defogger 30 is an example of a conductor provided on the glass plate 60. In the example of the window glass 101 shown in FIG. 1, the defogger 30 is an example of an electrically heated defogger provided on the glass plate 60, and is a conductive pattern that removes fogging from the glass plate 60. The defogger 30 includes a heating member 33 that heats the glass plate 60 and a plurality of bus bars that supply power to the heating member 33.

The heating member 33 is disposed between the left bus bar 31 and the right bus bar 32, and heats the glass plate 60 by applying a voltage via the left bus bar 31 and the right bus bar 32. By heating the glass plate 60, the fogging of the glass plate 60 is removed. In the example shown in FIG. 1, the heating member 33 has a plurality of heater wires 33a to 33l that extend along the horizontal direction Hd and are arranged in parallel in the vertical direction Vd.

In this embodiment, 12 heater wires 33a to 33l extend in the horizontal direction Hd so as to run parallel to each other, and a pair of bus bars (a left bus bar 31 and a right bus bar 32) are provided on the glass plate 60. The left busbar 31 is an example of a first busbar, and the right busbar 32 is an example of a second busbar. By applying a voltage between the left bus bar 31 and the right bus bar 32, the twelve heater wires 33a to 33l are energized and generate heat, so that the fogging on the glass plate 60 is removed.

The twelve heater wires 33a to 33l are conductor patterns connected between the left bus bar 31 and the right bus bar 32, and are arranged in parallel in the vertical direction Vd. The heater wire 33a is a linear conductor located at the lowest position among the plurality of heater wires 33a to 33l. The heater wire 33b is a linear conductor adjacent to at least a portion of the heater wire 33a in the vertical direction Vd. The heater wire 33c is a linear conductor adjacent to the heater wire 33b in the vertical direction Vd. The heater wire 33b is located between at least a portion of the heater wire 33a and the heater wire 33c in the vertical direction Vd.

The left bus bar 31 and the right bus bar 32 are band-shaped electrodes extending in the vertical direction Vd at both ends of the glass plate 60 in the horizontal direction Hd, and supply power to the heater wires 33a to 33l. The left bus bar 31 is a conductive pattern extending in the vertical direction of the glass plate 60 on the left edge 61b side of the defogger 30. The right bus bar 32 is a conductive pattern extending in the vertical direction of the glass plate 60 on the right edge 61c side of the defogger 30.

The heating member 33 may have a plurality of shorting wires that short-circuit at least two heater wires among the plurality of heater wires, similar to the window glass 102 shown in FIG. 8 . In the example shown in FIG. 8, a first short line 34, a second short line 35, and a third short line 36 are shown, and in a plan view of the glass plate 60, the first short line 34 and the third short line 36 are , are arranged at symmetrical positions with respect to the second shorting line 35.

The first shorting wire 34 short-circuits at least two heater wires including the heater wire 33b and the heater wire 33c among the plurality of heater wires 33b to 33k (in the case of FIG. 1, 33b to 33l) excluding the heater wire 33a. . In the example shown in FIG. 8, the first short-circuit wire 34 is a linear element that short-circuits from the heater wire 33b to the heater wire 33k, and one end is located at the heater wire 33b, and the other end is located at the heater wire 33k. Located at 33k. The first shorting line 34 is a conductor pattern extending in the vertical direction Vd, and among the plurality of heater wires 33b to 33k (33b to 33l in the case of FIG. 1) excluding the heater wire 33a, the heater wire 33b and the heater wire It intersects at least two heater wires including 33c. The third shorting line 36 may have the same or different configuration as the first shorting line 34, but preferably has the same configuration.

The second shorting wire 35 short-circuits at least two heater wires including the heater wire 33b and the heater wire 33c among the plurality of heater wires 33b to 33k (in the case of FIG. 1, 33b to 33l) excluding the heater wire 33a. . In the example shown in FIG. 8, the second short-circuit line 35 is a linear element that short-circuits from the heater wire 33b to the heater wire 33k, and one end is located at the heater wire 33b, and the other end is located at the heater wire 33k. Located at 33k. The second shorting line 35 is a conductor pattern extending in the vertical direction Vd, and is one of the heater wires 33b to 33k (33b to 33l in the case of FIG. 1) excluding the heater wire 33a. It intersects at least two heater wires including 33c. In the example shown in FIG. 8, the second short line 35 extends in the vertical direction Vd so as to overlap the central imaginary line 80.

When providing each short circuit line in the defogger 30, the interval in the horizontal direction Hd from the left bus bar 31 to the first short circuit line 34 is P1, and the interval in the horizontal direction Hd from the first short circuit line 34 to the second short circuit line 35 is P1. P2, the horizontal Hd interval from the second shorting line 35 to the third shorting line 36 is P3, the horizontal Hd interval from the third shorting line 36 to the right bus bar 32 is P4, the predetermined frequency band that the antenna 1 receives. Let the wavelength of W in the air be λ, and the wavelength shortening rate of the glass plate be k. At this time, the intervals P1, P2, P3, and P4 may all be set so as not to be (λ/2)×k×N (N is an integer of 1 or more). By setting the intervals P1 to P4 in this manner, it is possible to suppress the generation of standing waves in the predetermined frequency band W in the defogger 30.

In FIG. 1, the heater wire 33a is provided on the outer surface of the glass plate 60 in an area where a wiper (not shown) that moves around the rotating shaft 201 waits, so that the heater wire 33a is attached to the wiper waiting in the area. Functions as a wiper de-icer to melt ice and snow. The heater wire 33a is an example of a conducting wire located below a plurality of heater wires (in this example, a plurality of heater wires 33b to 33l). At least a portion of the conducting wire may have a line width that is the same as or different from that of the heater filament (it may be thin or thick). Note that if the area where the wiper waits (near the stop position) is located above when the window glass 101 is attached to the window frame 71 when viewed from above, the heater wire located at the uppermost position of the defogger 30 is provided as a wiper deicer. It's okay to be hit. Moreover, the heater wire 33a is not limited to the case where it is provided to provide the above-mentioned function as a wiper deicer. For example, the heater wire 33a may be placed at a position away from the standby position of the wiper, or may be placed as part of the defogger 30 of a vehicle without a wiper.

The glass plate 60 has a transmission region 51 that transmits visible light. A light shielding film 50 is provided outside the transmission region 51 to shield visible light. The light shielding film 50 is provided on the outer peripheral edge of the glass plate 60, and a transmission region 51 is provided inside the inner edge 50a of the light shielding film 50. In plan view, the light shielding film 50 covers a portion of the defogger 30 (at least a portion of the left bus bar 31, at least a portion of the right bus bar 32, and a portion of each of the heater wires 33a to 33l) and the thickness of the glass plate 60. Overlap in direction. The light-shielding film 50 may overlap at least a portion of the antenna 1 and at least a portion of the antenna 2 in the thickness direction of the glass plate 60 in a plan view. A specific example of the light shielding film 50 includes ceramics such as a black ceramic film. If there is a portion of the glass plate 60 that overlaps with the light shielding film 50 in a plan view, the overlapping portion becomes difficult to see when the window glass 101 is viewed from the outside of the vehicle. Therefore, the design of the window glass 101 and the vehicle is improved.

The antenna 1 is an example of a first antenna, and is a glass antenna provided on a glass plate 60. In the form shown in FIGS. 1 and 8, the antenna 1 is arranged in a first region 83 between the heater wires 33a and 33b so as not to physically contact other conductor wires such as the heater wires. ing. The heater wire 33b is an example of a first heater wire that is vertically adjacent to a conducting wire located below the plurality of heater wires (in this example, the heater wire 33a) among the plurality of heater wires. be. In this example, the antenna 1 is a conductor pattern provided in a first region 83, which is the lower right region within the defogger 30, and is spaced apart from other conductor wires (heater wires 33a, 33b, right bus bar 32, etc.). It is placed with a space between.

However, the antenna 1 is not limited to the window glass 101 shown in FIG. 1 and the window glass 102 shown in FIG. The area may be arranged separately from the area of the defogger 30. Hereinafter, the antenna 1 will be described as a conductive pattern provided in the first region 83, which is the lower right region inside the defogger 30, but the antenna 1 may be arranged outside the defogger 30 as described above. For example, in a configuration in which the antenna 1 is placed in an area outside the defogger 30, the antenna 1 may be placed in the left area 81 (an example of the first glass area), and the antenna 1 may be placed in the right area 82 (an example of the second glass area). ), or may be arranged in the left region 81 and right region 82 so as to straddle the central virtual line 80. In addition, when the antenna 1 is outside the defogger 30, it may be arranged above the defogger 30.

The width A of the first region 83 in the vertical direction Vd is wider than the interval B between two adjacent heater wires in the vertical direction Vd among the plurality of heater wires 33b to 33l. In the examples shown in FIGS. 1 and 8, the interval B is the distance in the vertical direction Vd between the heater wires 33b and 33c, but any other two adjacent heater wires among the plurality of heater wires 33b to 33l It may be the spacing between the heater wires of a book. The width A is, for example, the maximum width of the first region 83 in the vertical direction Vd.

The antenna 1 is formed to be able to receive radio waves in a predetermined frequency band W, and resonates at a frequency in the predetermined frequency band W. For example, the antenna 1 is formed to be able to receive horizontally polarized waves, and is formed to be able to receive radio waves in the UHF (Ultra High Frequency) band with a frequency of 300 MHz to 3 GHz. Radio waves in the UHF band include digital terrestrial television broadcast waves of 470 MHz to 720 MHz, and radio waves of the DAB standard L band (1452 MHz to 1492 MHz).

The antenna 1 may be formed to be able to receive vertically polarized waves, or may be formed to be able to receive radio waves in the VHF (Very High Frequency) band with a frequency of 30 MHz to 300 MHz. Radio waves in the VHF band include radio waves in band III (174 MHz to 240 MHz) of the DAB (Digital Audio Broadcast) standard, FM broadcast waves, and the like.

The antenna 1 mainly includes a power supply electrode 41 for power supply, a ground electrode 42 for earthing, and a power supply side element 10 electrically connected to the power supply electrode 41. The antenna 1 is a dipole antenna having a feeding electrode 41 and a ground electrode 42.

The power supply electrode 41 is a power supply part that is electrically connected to one end of a power supply line (not shown), and is arranged in the first region 83 in the embodiments shown in FIGS. 1 and 8 . The other end of the power supply line is electrically connected to vehicle body equipment such as a receiver. In this example, the power supply electrode 41 is a conductor pattern formed in a rectangular shape. The shape of the power supply electrode 41 may be other shapes such as a circle or another polygon.

For example, the power supply electrode 41 may be formed by printing and baking a paste containing a conductive metal (for example, silver paste, etc.) on the surface of the glass plate 60, or may be formed from a metal plate (metal foil). It's okay. Other electrodes such as the defogger 30, the ground electrode 42, and other elements such as the power supply side element 10 may also be formed in the same shape and formation method as the power supply electrode 41.

The ground electrode 42 is arranged close to the power supply electrode 41, and in the embodiments shown in FIGS. 1 and 8, it is arranged in the first region 83. The ground electrode 42 is electrically connected to, for example, a ground electrode of an amplifier (not shown) mounted on the power supply electrode 41. The ground electrode 42 may be grounded to the vehicle body (metal body) by being electrically connected to the vehicle body.

In this example, the power supply electrode 41 and the ground electrode 42 are arranged closer to the center imaginary line 80 of the first region 83. The ground electrode 42 is spaced apart from the power supply electrode 41. In this example, the power supply electrode 41 and the ground electrode 42 are aligned with each other in the horizontal direction Hd, but they may be aligned with each other in a direction oblique to the horizontal direction Hd or in a vertical direction Vd. For example, the power supply electrode 41 and the ground electrode 42 are located closer to the heater wire 33a than the power supply side element 10.

The feeding side element 10 is an antenna element having an L-shaped element 13 electrically connected to the feeding electrode 41 and is arranged in the first region 83. The L-shaped element 13 includes a power feeding side vertical element 11 extending in the vertical direction Vd and a power feeding first horizontal element 12 extending in a first direction parallel to the horizontal direction Hd. It is formed into an L-shape by the side first horizontal elements 12 .

The feeding side vertical element 11 is an antenna element electrically connected to the feeding electrode 41. In this example, the feed side vertical element 11 is directly connected to the feed electrode 41 at a connection point a, and extends in the positive Y-axis direction from the connection point a with the feed electrode 41 to the end b on the side in the positive Y-axis direction. It is a linear pattern that extends linearly.

The first horizontal element 12 on the feeding side is an antenna element electrically connected to the feeding electrode 41 . In this example, the first horizontal element 12 on the power feeding side is connected to the end b of the vertical element 11 on the power feeding side opposite to the power feeding electrode 41 side, and has an open end on the side in the positive X-axis direction from the end b. This is a linear pattern extending linearly in the positive X-axis direction up to c. The first horizontal element 12 on the power feeding side has an element length longer than the element length of the vertical element 11 on the power feeding side.

Furthermore, in order to ensure the antenna gain of the antenna 1, the feeding side element 10 includes a feeding side second horizontal element 14 extending in a first direction parallel to the horizontal direction Hd along the feeding side first horizontal element 12. The second horizontal element 14 on the feeding side is an antenna element electrically connected to the feeding electrode 41, and is directly connected to the vertical element 11 on the feeding side at a connection point d in order to ensure the antenna gain of the antenna 1. For example, the second horizontal element 14 on the power feeding side is a linear pattern that extends linearly in the positive X-axis direction from the connection point d with the vertical element 11 on the power feeding side to the open end e on the side in the positive X-axis direction. . In this example, the second horizontal element 14 on the power feeding side extends parallel to the first horizontal element 12 on the power feeding side on the negative Y-axis direction side of the first horizontal element 12 on the power feeding side. The second horizontal element 14 on the feeding side may be directly connected to the feeding electrode 41 instead of the vertical element 11 on the feeding side in order to ensure the antenna gain of the antenna 1. As shown in FIG. 1, the second horizontal element 14 on the power feeding side has an element length shorter than that of the first horizontal element 12 on the power feeding side, but as shown in FIG. The element length may be longer than that.

Furthermore, in order to ensure the antenna gain of the antenna 1, the feeding side element 10 is connected to the L-shaped element 13, and the feeding side element 10 extends in a second direction opposite to the direction in which the first horizontal element 12 extends. It has a third horizontal element 15 on the side. The feed-side third horizontal element 15 is an antenna element that is electrically connected to the feed electrode 41, and is directly connected to the L-shaped element 13 in order to ensure the antenna gain of the antenna 1. For example, the third horizontal element 15 on the power feeding side is connected to the end b of the vertical element 11 on the power feeding side opposite to the power feeding electrode 41 side, and extends from the end b to the open end f on the side in the negative X-axis direction. This is a linear pattern extending linearly in the negative X-axis direction. In this example, in order to ensure the antenna gain of the antenna 1, the third horizontal element 15 on the feeding side is on the same straight line as the first horizontal element 12 on the feeding side, but they do not necessarily have to be on the same straight line. In order to ensure the antenna gain of the antenna 1, the third horizontal element 15 on the feeding side is directly connected to the intermediate part (the part between the connection point a and the end b) of the vertical element 11 on the feeding side, not to the end b. It's okay. The third horizontal element 15 on the power feeding side has an element length shorter than that of the first horizontal element 12 on the power feeding side, but may have an element length longer than the element length of the first horizontal element 12 on the power feeding side.

In the antenna 1 having the form shown in FIG. 1, the feeding electrode 41 and the grounding electrode 42 are connected to the window frame closest to the antenna 1 among the window frames 71 with respect to the first horizontal element 12 on the feeding side and the third horizontal element 15 on the feeding side. It is located on the side of the portion (in this example, the lower frame 71d).

As described above, in the embodiments shown in FIGS. 1 and 8, the antenna 1 includes the first horizontal element 12 on the feeding side, the second horizontal element 14 on the feeding side and the third horizontal element 15 on the feeding side extending in the horizontal direction Hd. Therefore, the antenna gain of the antenna 1 is improved especially when receiving horizontally polarized waves (for example, terrestrial digital television broadcast waves), and horizontally polarized waves can be received with high sensitivity. As shown in FIG. 1, the antenna 1 can receive horizontally polarized waves with higher sensitivity if, for example, the maximum external width in the horizontal direction Hd is longer than the maximum external width in the vertical direction Vd.

Further, when the antenna 1 is arranged in the first region 83 within the defogger 30 as in the embodiments shown in FIGS. 1 and 8, the anti-fogging region by the defogger 30 can be easily expanded. In this case, both the placement area of the defogger 30 and the reception performance of the antenna 1 can be secured.

Further, in the embodiments shown in FIGS. 1 and 8, the antenna 1 is arranged in an area inside the defogger 30, but the antenna 1 may be arranged in an area outside the defogger 30. In this case, since the power supply electrode 41 (43) and the ground electrode 42 (44) are close to the metal window frame (for example, the lower frame 71d), the antenna 1 can be easily hidden by the light shielding film 50, which improves the design of the vehicle. Improves sex. Further, in this case, a predetermined conductive member that is transmitted to a signal line of a communication circuit (not shown) is electrically connected to the power supply electrode 41 (43) and the earth electrode 42 (44). As this conductive member, for example, a power supply line such as an AV line or a coaxial cable can be used. Note that A of the AV line represents a low-voltage electric wire for vehicles, and V represents vinyl.

In the form shown in FIGS. 1 and 8, the antenna 1 has no element extending from the power feeding electrode 41 in the second direction (the negative X-axis direction in which the third horizontal element 15 on the power feeding side extends). Since the antenna 1 does not have an element extending from the feeding electrode 41 in the second direction, the conductive parts around the antenna 1 and It is possible to reduce electrical interference and suppress a decrease in antenna gain. The conductive portion around the antenna 1 is, for example, a metal window frame 71. This effect of suppressing a decrease in antenna gain is remarkable in a configuration in which the antenna 1 is disposed in an area outside the defogger 30. Furthermore, this effect is obtained when the antenna 1 is disposed outside the defogger 30 and the feeding electrode 41 of the antenna 1 (in the form shown in FIG. 1) is made of metal than the element connected to the feeding electrode 41. This is particularly noticeable when placed close to the window frame 71.

In the form shown in FIGS. 1 and 8, the antenna 1 is connected to the feeding side vertical element 11, and the element extending in the second direction (the negative X-axis direction in which the third feeding side horizontal element 15 extends) is connected to the feeding side vertical element 11. There is only the side third horizontal element 15. This makes it possible to reduce electrical interference with the conductive portion around the antenna 1 and suppress a decrease in antenna gain, compared to a configuration (not shown) in which an element extending from the feeding electrode 41 in the second direction is present. As described above, this effect is also remarkable in the form in which the antenna 1 is arranged outside the defogger 30, and furthermore, the feeding electrode 41 of the antenna 1 (in the form shown in FIG. 1) is connected to the feeding electrode 41. This is particularly noticeable when the element is placed closer to the metal window frame 71 than the connecting element.

Incidentally, it is assumed that the wavelength in the air of a radio wave in a predetermined frequency band W that the antenna 1 receives is λ, and the wavelength shortening rate of the glass plate is k. At this time, the element length L1 from the power supply electrode 41 to the open end c of the power supply side element 10 via the L-shaped element ₁₃ is (1/4)×λ×k or more (1/2)× When it is equal to or less than λ×k, the antenna gain in the predetermined frequency band W (for example, the frequency band of digital terrestrial television broadcast waves) is improved. In the example shown in FIG. 1, the element length _L1 is the element length of the power feeding side vertical element 11 (from connection point a to end b) and the element length of the power feeding side first horizontal element 12 (from end b to open end c). ). In terms of improving the antenna gain in the predetermined frequency band W, the element length L ₁ is preferably (11/40)×λ×k or more and (19/40)×λ×k or less, and (12/40)×λ× More preferably k or more (18/40) x λ x k or less. When the element length L ₁ is less than (1/4)×λ×k, the antenna gain in the predetermined frequency band W is more likely to decrease than when the element length L 1 is (1/4)×λ×k or more. When element length L ₁ exceeds (1/2) x λ x k, the area where antenna 1 is placed becomes larger than when it is less than (1/2) x λ x k, and the freedom of placement of antenna 1 increases. degree may be limited.

Further, the wavelength of radio waves in the air at the center frequency of the predetermined frequency band W is assumed to be _λC . At this time, in terms of improving the antenna gain in the predetermined frequency band W, the element length L ₁ is preferably (1/4)×λ _C ×k or more and (1/2)×λ×k or less, and (11/40 )×λ _C ×k or more (19/40)×λ _C ×k or less is more preferable, and (12/40)×λ _C ×k or more (18/40)×λ _C ×k or less is more preferable.

For example, the in-air wavelength λ _C of radio waves at the center frequency of 590 MHz in the frequency band of terrestrial digital television broadcast waves (470 MHz to 710 MHz) is 508 mm. Therefore, when k=0.64, the antenna gain is improved by adjusting the element length _L1 to 81 mm or more and 162 mm or less.

Note that the in-air wavelength λ of the radio waves in the predetermined frequency band W may be any wavelength included in the predetermined frequency band W. For example, when the predetermined frequency band W is a frequency band of terrestrial digital television broadcast waves, λ can take any value in the range of 422 mm or more and 638 mm or less. The wavelength λ in air may be the same value as the wavelength λ in vacuum. The wavelength λ _C in air may be the same value as the wavelength λ _C in vacuum.

The antenna 1 includes a second horizontal element 14 on the feeding side. The antenna 1 has an element length L ₂ from the feeding electrode 41 to the open end e of the feeding side element 10 via the feeding side second horizontal element 14 of (1/4) x λ x k or more (1/4) x λ x k or more. 2) When it is equal to or less than ×λ×k, the antenna gain in the predetermined frequency band W (for example, the frequency band of digital terrestrial television broadcast waves) is improved. In the example shown in FIG. 1, the element length _L2 is the element length of a part of the power feeding side vertical element 11 (from connection point a to connection point d) and the element length of the power feeding side second horizontal element 14 (from connection point d to up to the open end e). In order to improve the antenna gain in the predetermined frequency band W, the element length _L2 is preferably (11/40)×λ×k or more and (19/40)×λ×k or less, and (12/40)×λ× More preferably k or more (18/40) x λ x k or less. When the element length L ₂ is less than (1/4)×λ×k, the antenna gain in the predetermined frequency band W is more likely to decrease than when the element length L 2 is (1/4)×λ×k or more. When element length L ₂ exceeds (1/2) x λ x k, the area where antenna 1 is placed becomes larger than when it is less than (1/2) x λ x k, and the freedom of placement of antenna 1 increases. degree may be limited.

In addition, in terms of improving the antenna gain in the predetermined frequency band W, the element length L ₂ is preferably (1/4) × λ _C × k or more and (1/2) × λ × k or less, and (11/40) It is more preferably ×λ _C ×k or more (19/40) ×λ _C ×k or less, and even more preferably (12/40) ×λ _C ×k or more (18/40) ×λ _C ×k or less.

The element length L ₃ from the power supply electrode 41 to the open end f of the power supply side element 10 via the power supply side third horizontal element 15 is (1/8) x λ x k or more (1/4) x λ If xk or less, the antenna gain in the predetermined frequency band W (for example, the frequency band of digital terrestrial television broadcast waves) is improved. In the example shown in FIG. 1, the element length _L3 is the element length of the power feeding side vertical element 11 (from connection point a to end b) and the element length of the power feeding side third horizontal element 15 (from end b to open end f). ). In terms of improving the antenna gain in the predetermined frequency band W, the element length L ₃ is preferably (11/80)×λ×k or more and (19/80)×λ×k or less, and (12/80)×λ× More preferably k or more (18/80) x λ x k or less. When the element length L ₃ is less than (1/8)×λ×k, the antenna gain in the predetermined frequency band W is more likely to decrease than when the element length L 3 is (1/8)×λ×k or more. When element length L ₃ exceeds (1/4) x λ x k, the area where antenna 1 is placed becomes larger than when it is less than (1/4) x λ x k, which reduces the freedom of placement of antenna 1. degree may be limited.

In addition, in terms of improving the antenna gain in the predetermined frequency band W, the element length L ₃ is preferably (1/8)×λ _C ×k or more (1/4)×λ×k or less, and (11/80) It is more preferably ×λ _C ×k or more (19/80) ×λ _C ×k or less, and even more preferably (12/80) ×λ _C ×k or more (18/80) ×λ _C ×k or less.

In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 8, the antenna 1 has a ground side element 20 electrically connected to a ground electrode 42. By having the ground side element 20, the antenna gain of the antenna 1 is improved. The earth side element 20 is a ground element arranged in the first region 83.

As in the embodiments shown in FIGS. 1 and 8, the ground side element 20 has a ground side horizontal element 21 extending in the horizontal direction Hd in order to ensure the antenna gain of the antenna 1. The ground side horizontal element 21 is a ground element that is electrically connected to the ground electrode 42, and is directly connected to the ground electrode 42 at a connection point g in order to ensure the antenna gain of the antenna 1. For example, the ground side horizontal element 21 is a linear pattern extending linearly in the positive X-axis direction from the connection point g with the ground electrode 42 to the open end h on the positive X-axis direction side. In this example, the ground-side horizontal element 21 extends parallel to the power-feeding second horizontal element 14 on the negative Y-axis direction side of the power-feeding second horizontal element 14 . The length of the ground side horizontal element 21 is shorter than the first horizontal element 12 on the power feeding side, but may be longer than the first horizontal element 12 on the power feeding side.

The element length LE from the earth electrode 42 to the open end h of the earth side element 20 via the earth side horizontal element 21 is (1/8) x λ x _k or more (1/4) x λ x k If it is below, the antenna gain of the predetermined frequency band W (for example, the frequency band of digital terrestrial television broadcast waves) is improved. In the example shown in FIGS. 1 and 8, the element length _LE is equal to the element length (from the connection point g to the open end h) of the ground side horizontal element 21. In order to improve the antenna gain in the predetermined frequency band W, the element length L _E is preferably (11/80)×λ×k or more and (19/80)×λ×k or less, and (12/80)×λ× More preferably k or more (18/80) x λ x k or less. When the element length L _E is less than (1/8) x λ x k, the antenna gain in the predetermined frequency band W is more likely to decrease than when it is equal to or more than (1/8) x λ x k. When the element length L _E exceeds (1/4) × λ × k, the area where antenna 1 is placed becomes larger than when it is less than (1/4) × λ × k, and the antenna 1 can be placed more freely. degree may be limited.

In addition, in terms of improving the antenna gain in the predetermined frequency band W, the element length L _E is preferably at least (1/8) x λ _C x k or more (1/4) x λ x k or less, and (11/80) It is more preferably ×λ _C ×k or more (19/80) ×λ _C ×k or less, and even more preferably (12/80) ×λ _C ×k or more (18/80) ×λ _C ×k or less.

1 and 8, when the distance C between the heater wire 33b of the heating member 33 and the antenna 1 is 3 mm or more, the antenna gain in a predetermined frequency band W (for example, the frequency band of digital terrestrial television broadcast waves) is improved. do. In the example shown in FIGS. 1 and 8, the interval C is the shortest distance between the heater wire 33b of the heating member 33 and at least one of the first horizontal element 12 on the power feeding side and the third horizontal element 15 on the power feeding side. In terms of improving the antenna gain in the predetermined frequency band W, the interval C is preferably 10 mm, more preferably 20 mm or more, and even more preferably 40 mm or more. When the distance C is less than 3 mm, the antenna gain in the predetermined frequency band W tends to decrease more easily than when the distance C is 3 mm or more. Although the upper limit of the interval C is not particularly limited, if the interval C exceeds 100 mm, for example, the antenna 1 is too far away from the heater wire 33b, and the degree of freedom in arranging the antenna 1 may be restricted. Note that the preferable range of the interval C can be applied to the antenna 2 as well as the antenna 1. That is, in the antenna 2, the interval C is also the shortest distance between the heater wire 33b of the heating member 33 and at least one of the first horizontal element 212 on the power feeding side and the third horizontal element 215 on the power feeding side.

The heater wire 33a has a first heater end 33aa connected to the heater wire 33b and a second heater end 33ab connected to the right bus bar 32. Thereby, the antenna 1 may be arranged in the first region 83 surrounded by the heater wire 33a, the heater wire 33b, and the right bus bar 32. In this case, electrical interference between the metal window frame 71 (particularly the lower frame 71d) and the antenna 1 can be reduced, and a reduction in the antenna gain of the antenna 1 can be suppressed. The first heater end 33aa may be connected to the left bus bar 31 instead of the heater wire 33b. The second heater end 33ab may be connected to the heater wire 33b instead of the right bus bar 32.

Further, in this example, the power supply electrode 41 and the ground electrode 42 are located between the open end c of the power supply side element 10 and the rotating shaft 201, and are close to the rotating shaft 201. Thereby, the cover covering the wiper and the cover covering the amplifier mounted on the power supply electrode 41 can be integrated, so that the number of cover parts can be reduced.

The window glasses 101 and 102 may further include the antenna 2 provided on the glass plate 60, or may include only the antenna 2 without the antenna 1. The antenna 2 is an example of a second antenna, and is a glass antenna provided outside the defogger 30. When the window glasses 101 and 102 are equipped with antenna 1 and antenna 2, and antenna 1 and antenna 2 can receive radio waves in the same predetermined frequency band W, antenna 1 and antenna 2 are used as a two-channel diversity antenna. can.

In this example, the antenna 2 is located in a second region 84 sandwiched between an imaginary line 85 extending from the heater wire 33a in the horizontal direction Hd and the heater wire 33b of the defogger 30. It is placed so that it does not come into contact with the target. The virtual line 85 is, for example, a virtual extension line extending in the negative X-axis direction from the outermost line portion of the heater wire 33a in the negative Y-axis direction. In this example, the antenna 2 is a conductor pattern provided in the second region 84, which is the lower left region within the defogger 30, and is spaced apart from other conductor wires (heater wires 33a, 33b, left bus bar 31, etc.). It is placed empty.

Further, the antenna 2 may be placed in the left area 81 (an example of the first glass area) or the right area 82 (an example of the second glass area), and the antenna 2 may be placed in the left area 81 (an example of the first glass area) or in the right area 82 (an example of the second glass area). It may be placed in the area 81 and the right area 82. Furthermore, in a configuration in which the antenna 2 is arranged in an area outside the defogger 30, the feeding electrode 43 of the antenna 2 (in the configuration shown in FIG. 1) is closer to the metal window frame 71 than the element connected to the feeding electrode 43. When placed close to each other, electrical interference with conductive parts around the antenna 2 can be reduced, and a decrease in antenna gain can be suppressed. Note that if the antenna 2 is outside the defogger 30, it may be placed above the defogger 30.

The heater wire 33a may pass between the heater wire 33b and the antenna 2. In this case, the first heater end 33aa may be connected to the heater wire 33b or may be connected to the left bus bar 31.

In the embodiments shown in FIGS. 1 and 8, the second area 84 is an area outside the defogger 30, but like the first area 83, it may be an area inside the defogger 30. Further, as described above, the defogger 30 may not include the heater wire 33a, and the first region 83 and the second region 84 may be regions outside the defogger 30.

The antenna 2 is formed to be able to receive radio waves in a predetermined frequency band, and resonates at frequencies in the predetermined frequency band. For example, the antenna 2 is formed to be able to receive horizontally polarized waves, and is formed to be able to receive UHF band radio waves (eg, digital terrestrial television broadcast waves) having a frequency of 300 MHz to 3 GHz. The antenna 2 may be configured to be able to receive radio waves in the VHF band of 30 MHz to 300 MHz (for example, radio waves in Band III of the DAB standard). Note that when antenna 1 and antenna 2 are two-channel diversity antennas, antenna 2 can receive radio waves in a predetermined frequency band W.

Antenna 2 has the same or similar configuration to antenna 1. The antenna 2 mainly includes a power supply electrode 43 for power supply, a ground electrode 44 for earthing, and a power supply side element 210 electrically connected to the power supply electrode 43. The antenna 2 has a ground side element 220 electrically connected to the ground electrode 44.

The antenna 2 is a dipole antenna having a feeding electrode 43 and a ground electrode 44. The power feeding side element 210 has an L-shaped element 213. The L-shaped element 213 includes a power feeding side vertical element 211 and a power feeding side first horizontal element 212. The power feeding element 210 has a second horizontal element 214 on the power feeding side and a third horizontal element 215 on the power feeding side. Further, the earth side element 220 has a ground side horizontal element 221. Since the antenna 2 has the same or similar configuration to the antenna 1, further detailed description of the antenna 2 will be omitted by referring to the above description of the antenna 1.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of the antenna 1 shown in FIG. In FIG. 2, a virtual line passing through the power supply electrode 41 and extending in the vertical direction Vd is defined as a boundary line 86, an area in the first direction (positive X-axis direction) from the boundary line 86 is defined as a first area 87, and the boundary line 86 A region located in a second direction (negative X-axis direction) from 1 is defined as a second area 88. At this time, only the third horizontal element 15 on the power feeding side among the power feeding side elements 10 is arranged in the second area 88 . This makes it possible to reduce electrical interference with the conductive portion around the antenna 1 and suppress a decrease in antenna gain, compared to a configuration (not shown) in which an element extending from the feeding electrode 41 in the second direction is present. Further, among the power feeding side elements 10, only the third power feeding side horizontal element 15 and an element (not shown) connected to the third power feeding side horizontal element 15 may be arranged in the second area 88. Further, an element (not shown) is a linear pattern extending from near the end f of the third horizontal element 15 on the power feeding side in a direction not parallel to the negative X-axis direction. In other words, when the element present in the second area 88 includes the power feeding side third horizontal element 15 and an element (not shown), the element may have only one open end (not shown). In this case as well, electrical interference with the conductive parts around the antenna 1 can be reduced, and a decrease in antenna gain can be suppressed.

In FIG. 2, a range 86a surrounded by dotted lines represents an area that the boundary line 86 can take. The boundary line 86 can be set as a line passing through the right side of the power supply electrode 41, the left side, or the center portion sandwiched between these sides. The boundary line 86 is set, for example, to a line extending along the power feeding side vertical element 11. The boundary line 86 may be a virtual line passing through the center of the width of the power supply electrode 41 in the X-axis direction (indicated by a two-dot chain line), or a virtual line passing through the end of the power supply electrode 41 in the negative X-axis direction (indicated by a dotted line). Alternatively, it may be a virtual line (indicated by a dotted line) passing through the end of the power supply electrode 41 in the positive X-axis direction.

In the form shown in FIG. 2, the ground electrode 42 is placed in the first area 87, but it may be placed in the second area 88, or it may be placed across the first area 87 and the second area 88. Good too. By arranging the ground electrode 42 in the first area 87, electrical interference between the ground electrode 42 and the ground side element 20 and the conductive parts around the antenna 1 can be reduced, and a decrease in the antenna gain of the antenna 1 can be suppressed. can.

Next, modified examples of the antenna will be described using FIGS. 3 to 7. The antenna 1 shown in FIGS. 1 and 8 may be replaced with any of the antennas shown in FIGS. 3 to 7. The antenna 2 shown in FIGS. 1 and 8 may be replaced with an antenna obtained by horizontally inverting any of the antennas shown in FIGS. 3 to 7. Furthermore, the replaced antenna may be placed in an area outside the defogger.

FIG. 3 is a plan view showing a first modified example of the antenna. In the antenna 1A shown in FIG. 3, the feed-side second horizontal element 14 is directly connected to the feed electrode 41. In this connection, in the antenna 1A, the ground electrode 42 is arranged to be shifted from the feeding electrode 41 in the negative Y-axis direction.

FIG. 4 is a plan view showing a second modified example of the antenna. In the antenna 1B shown in FIG. 4, the feed-side third horizontal element 15 is the middle part of the feed-side vertical element 11 (the part between the connection point a and the end b, excluding the connection point a and the end b). connected directly to.

FIG. 5 is a plan view showing a third modified example of the antenna. In the antenna 1C shown in FIG. 5, the third horizontal element 15 on the feeding side is not on the same straight line as the first horizontal element 12 on the feeding side. The third horizontal element 15 on the power feeding side is connected to the end b of the vertical element 11 on the power feeding side opposite to the power feeding electrode 41 side. The first horizontal element 12 on the power feeding side is connected to the vertical element 11 on the power feeding side located in a more negative Y-axis direction than the end b (and in a more positive Y-axis direction than the connection point d on the vertical element 11 on the power feeding side). ing.

FIG. 6 is a plan view showing a fourth modification of the antenna. In the antenna 1D shown in FIG. 6, the feed-side second horizontal element 14 is moved from a connection point d between the feed electrode 41 and the feed-side vertical element 11, which is different from the connection point a, in a direction different from the parallel direction Hd, for example, in a vertical direction. It is connected to the power supply electrode 41 via the power supply side connection element 16 extending to Vd. Note that in the antenna 1D shown in FIG. 6, the feeding side connection element 16 extends in the positive Y-axis direction from the connection point d. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the power supply side connection element 16 may be connected to the parallel direction Hd, for example, in a direction at an angle of 45° from any connection point of the power supply electrode 41 to the positive Y-axis direction with respect to the X-axis direction. However, as long as the direction extends toward the first horizontal element 12 on the power feeding side, it may include a curved line or the like. In addition, in the antenna 1D shown in FIG. 6, the unillustrated boundary line 86 may be a line (line A) in the Y-axis direction passing through the end of the feeding electrode 41 in the negative X-axis direction, and overlaps with the feeding-side vertical element 11. It may also be a line in the Y-axis direction (line B). The antenna 1D is divided into a first area 87 and a second area 88 by a boundary line 86 (not shown) extending in the Y-axis direction in the range from line A to line B.

FIG. 7 is a plan view showing a fifth modification of the antenna. In the antenna 1E shown in FIG. 7, the ground-side horizontal element 21 connects to the ground via the ground-side connection element 22 extending from the connection point g with the ground electrode 42 in a direction different from the parallel direction Hd, for example, in the vertical direction Vd. It is connected to the electrode 42. Note that in the antenna 1E shown in FIG. 7, the ground side connection element 22 extends in the positive Y-axis direction from the connection point g. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the earth side connection element 22 may extend from any connection point of the earth electrode 42 in the negative Y-axis direction and be connected to the earth side horizontal element 21, for example, in the X-axis direction. On the other hand, it may be stretched in any direction including a direction different from the parallel direction Hd, such as a direction at an angle of 45° (toward the Y-axis direction), a curved line, and the like.

Next, the results of actually measuring antenna gain using a vehicle window glass according to an embodiment of the present disclosure will be described.

FIG. 8 is a plan view of a vehicle window glass used for actual measurement of antenna gain. Table 1 shows an example of the measurement results of the antenna gain in the frequency band of digital terrestrial television broadcast waves when the interval C and the presence or absence of elements are varied. The antenna gains shown in Table 1 are calculated by calculating the average value Ga of the antenna gains measured at each predetermined angle in the rear half-circumference range of the vehicle in the horizontal plane, and measured at each frequency in the frequency band of terrestrial digital television broadcast waves. It represents a value (average gain) obtained by further averaging the average value Ga of horizontal polarization.

表１に示すように、間隔Ｃを徐々に拡げることによって、アンテナ１，２のそれぞれの平均利得が高くなる結果が得られた。

As shown in Table 1, by gradually widening the interval C, the average gain of each of antennas 1 and 2 was increased.

表２は、図８に示す形態において、ヒータ線３３ａを削除した場合の、アンテナ１の地上デジタルテレビ放送波の周波数帯のアンテナ利得の測定結果の一例を示す。つまり、表２は、アンテナ１がデフォッガ３０の外側に配置された場合の測定結果の一例を示す。表２に示すアンテナ利得は、水平面内の車両後方側半周範囲を所定の角度毎に測定されたアンテナ利得の平均値Ｇａを算出し、地上デジタルテレビ放送波の周波数帯の各周波数で測定された水平偏波の平均値Ｇａを更に平均した値（平均利得）を表す。

Table 2 shows an example of the measurement results of the antenna gain of the antenna 1 in the frequency band of digital terrestrial television broadcast waves when the heater wire 33a is deleted in the form shown in FIG. That is, Table 2 shows an example of the measurement results when the antenna 1 is placed outside the defogger 30. The antenna gains shown in Table 2 are calculated by calculating the average value Ga of the antenna gains measured at each predetermined angle in the rear half-circumference range of the vehicle in the horizontal plane, and measured at each frequency in the frequency band of terrestrial digital television broadcast waves. It represents a value (average gain) obtained by further averaging the average value Ga of horizontal polarization.

As shown in Table 2, by gradually widening the interval C, the average gain of the antenna 1 was increased.

In addition, when measuring the antenna gain, the dimensions of each part shown in FIG. 8 are expressed in mm.
_L1 :115
_L2 :130
_L3 :75
_LE :75
A:40
B:20
Distance D between the third horizontal element 15 on the power feeding side and the lower frame 71d: 45 (see Fig. 1)
Distance between connection point a and end b of power supply electrode: 15
It is.

At this time, an interval P1 in the horizontal direction Hd from the left bus bar 31 to the first shorting line 34, an interval P2 in the horizontal direction Hd from the first shorting line 34 to the second shorting line 35, and a distance P2 in the horizontal direction Hd from the second shorting line 35 to the third shorting line 35. The distance P3 in the horizontal direction Hd to the line 36 and the distance P4 in the horizontal direction Hd from the third shorting line 36 to the right bus bar 32 are both set so as not to be (λ/2)×k×N ( N is an integer greater than or equal to 1). Note that λ is in the air wavelength range of 422 mm to 638 mm in the frequency band of terrestrial digital television broadcast waves (470 MHz to 710 MHz), and k is the wavelength shortening rate of the glass plate 60 of 0.64.

Although the embodiments have been described above, the technology of the present disclosure is not limited to the above embodiments. Various modifications and improvements such as combinations and substitutions with part or all of other embodiments are possible.

For example, the first region where the first antenna is arranged may be a region between the heater wire 30l located highest among the plurality of heater wires and the heater wire 30k located second highest among the plurality of heater wires. Alternatively, the first region where the first antenna is arranged is between adjacent intermediate heater wires among the plurality of heater wires excluding the heater wire located at the uppermost position and the heater wire located at the lowermost position. It may be a region (for example, a region between heater wires 33b and 33c). The same applies to the second region where the second antenna is arranged.

Further, the area where the first antenna and the second antenna are arranged may be a blank area below the lowest heater wire among the plurality of heater wires, or a blank area below the lowest heater wire among the plurality of heater wires. It may also be a blank area above the heater wire. Further, the heating member 33 is not limited to a heater wire, and may be, for example, a transparent conductive film.

Furthermore, the elements and heater wires are not limited to patterns including straight lines, but may also be patterns including curves.

1, 2 Antenna 10 Feeding side element 11 Feeding side vertical element 12 Feeding side first horizontal element 13 L-shaped element 14 Feeding side second horizontal element 15 Feeding side third horizontal element 16 Feeding side connecting element 20 Earth side element 21 Earth Side horizontal element 22 Earth side connection element 30 Defogger 31 Left bus bar 32 Right bus bar 33 Heating member 33a Heater wire (an example of wiper deicer)
33b-33l Heater wire (an example of heater wire)
33la Connection line 34 First shorting line 35 Second shorting line 36 Third shorting line 41, 43 Power supply electrodes 42, 44 Earth electrode 50 Light shielding film 51 Transmissive area 60 Glass plate 71 Window frame 80 Center imaginary line 81 Left area 82 Right area 83 First area 84 Second area 85 Virtual line 86 Boundary line 87 First area 88 Second area 101, 102 Window glass 201 Rotation axis

Claims (23)

A vehicle window glass that is attached to a window frame of a vehicle body,
glass plate and
an antenna that is provided on the glass plate and receives horizontally polarized waves;
When the vehicle window glass is attached to the window frame and viewed in plan, the direction parallel to the horizontal plane is defined as the horizontal direction, and the direction perpendicular to the horizontal direction is defined as the vertical direction,
The antenna is
A power supply electrode for power supply;
a grounding electrode for grounding disposed close to the power supply electrode;
a power supply side element electrically connected to the power supply electrode;
and a ground side element electrically connected to the ground electrode,
The power feeding side element is
an L-shaped element including at least a portion of the power feeding side vertical element extending in the vertical direction and a power feeding first horizontal element extending in a first direction parallel to the horizontal direction;
a second horizontal element on the power feeding side extending in the first direction along the first horizontal element on the power feeding side;
a power supply side third horizontal element connected to the L-shaped element and extending in a second direction opposite to the first direction;
The second horizontal element on the power feeding side has an element length longer than the element length of the first horizontal element on the power feeding side,
The earth side element is
an earth-side horizontal element extending in the first direction parallel to the horizontal direction ;
A vehicle window glass in which there is no element extending from the power supply electrode in the second direction. The vehicle window glass according to claim 1, wherein the third horizontal element on the power feeding side is connected to an end of the vertical element on the power feeding side opposite to the side of the power feeding electrode. The vehicle window glass according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the third horizontal element on the power feeding side is the only element connected to the power feeding side vertical element and extending in the second direction. The vehicle window glass according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the third horizontal element on the power feeding side is on the same straight line as the first horizontal element on the power feeding side. A virtual line passing through the power supply electrode and extending in the vertical direction is a boundary line, an area in the first direction from the boundary line is a first area, and an area in the second direction from the boundary line is a second area. When
Among the power feeding side elements, only the third horizontal element on the power feeding side, or only the third horizontal element on the power feeding side and only the elements connected to the third horizontal element on the power feeding side are arranged in the second area. The vehicle window glass according to any one of claims 1 to 4. The vehicle window glass according to claim 5, wherein the boundary line extends along the power feeding vertical element. The vehicle window glass according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the ground electrode is arranged in the first area. The vehicle window glass according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the first horizontal element on the power feeding side is connected to an end of the vertical element on the power feeding side opposite to the side of the power feeding electrode. The vehicle window glass according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the second horizontal element on the power feeding side is connected to the vertical element on the power feeding side. The vehicle window glass according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the second horizontal element on the power feeding side is connected to the power feeding electrode. The second horizontal element on the power feeding side is a power feeding side connection that extends in the direction of the first horizontal element on the power feeding side, which is different from the horizontal direction, from a connection point different from the connection point between the power feeding electrode and the vertical element on the power feeding side. The vehicle window glass according to any one of claims 1 to 8, connected to the power supply electrode via an element. 12. The earth-side horizontal element is connected to the earth electrode via an earth-side connection element extending from the earth electrode in a direction different from the horizontal direction. Vehicle window glass. When the in-air wavelength of radio waves in a predetermined frequency band received by the antenna is λ, and the wavelength shortening rate of the glass plate is k,
The element length _L1 from the power supply electrode to the open end of the power supply side element via the L-shaped element is at least (1/4)×λ×k and at most (1/2)×λ×k. The vehicle window glass according to any one of claims 1 to 12. When the in-air wavelength of radio waves in a predetermined frequency band received by the antenna is λ, and the wavelength shortening rate of the glass plate is k,
The element length _L2 from the feeding electrode to the open end of the feeding side element via the feeding side second horizontal element is (1/4) x λ x k or more (1/2) x λ x The vehicle window glass according to any one of claims 1 to 13, which has a glass diameter of k or less. When the in-air wavelength of radio waves in a predetermined frequency band received by the antenna is λ, and the wavelength shortening rate of the glass plate is k,
The element length L ₃ from the power supply electrode to the open end of the power supply side element via the power supply side third horizontal element is (1/8) x λ x k or more (1/4) x λ x The vehicle window glass according to any one of claims 1 to 14, which has a glass diameter of k or less. When the in-air wavelength of radio waves in a predetermined frequency band received by the antenna is λ, and the wavelength shortening rate of the glass plate is k,
The element length _LE from the earth electrode to the open end of the earth side element via the earth side horizontal element is (1/8) x λ x k or more (1/4) x λ x k or less The vehicle window glass according to any one of claims 1 to 15. The vehicle window glass according to any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein the antenna has a maximum external width in the horizontal direction that is longer than the maximum external width in the vertical direction. The power feeding electrode and the ground electrode are located on the side of a window frame portion of the window frame closest to the antenna with respect to the power feeding first horizontal element and the power feeding third horizontal element. 18. The vehicle window glass according to any one of 17 to 17. comprising a conductor provided on the glass plate,
The conductor is disposed between the first bus bar and the second bus bar extending in the vertical direction on both ends of the glass plate in the horizontal direction, and the first bus bar and the second bus bar, and The vehicle window glass according to any one of claims 1 to 18, further comprising a heating member that heats the glass plate by applying a voltage through the first bus bar and the second bus bar. The vehicle window glass according to claim 19, wherein the heating member has a plurality of heater filaments extending along the horizontal direction and arranged in line in the vertical direction. The vehicle window glass according to claim 19 or 20, wherein a distance between the antenna and the heating member is 40 mm or more. The vehicle window glass according to claim 21, wherein the interval is the shortest distance between at least one of the first horizontal element on the power feeding side and the third horizontal element on the power feeding side and the heating member. The vehicle window glass according to any one of claims 1 to 22, wherein the antenna receives terrestrial digital television broadcast waves.

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